🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 50 (from laksa020)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa050.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical, ml_categories_json AS ml_categories_json, ml_types_json AS ml_types_json, ml_intent_types_json AS ml_intent_types_json, meta_language AS meta_language, attrs_author AS attrs_author, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_publish_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_original_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_original_publish_time, ifNull(attrs_is_republished, 0) AS attrs_is_republished, ifNull(attrs_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_nr_words, ifNull(attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, ifNull(body_ext_links_number, 0) AS body_ext_links_number, ifNull(body_int_links_number, 0) AS body_int_links_number, ifNull(meta_nofollow, 0) AS meta_nofollow, ifNull(meta_noarchive, 0) AS meta_noarchive, ifNull(props_was_rendered, 0) AS props_was_rendered, ifNull(src_redirect, \'\') AS src_redirect, ifNull(download_time_msec, 0) AS download_time_msec, ifNull(download_ttfb_msec, 0) AS download_ttfb_msec, ifNull(download_size, 0) AS download_size FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315","crawl_time":1776275776,"first_indexed_time":1678436807,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,verywellhealth!www,\/diarrhea-7152315 s443","src_root_hash":"5681562863987870850","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Diarrhea: Causes, Complications, and Treatment","meta_descriptions":["Diarrhea is a very common digestive condition characterized by loose stool. Learn about the causes of diarrhea and signs it may be something more serious."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Key Takeaways\nDiarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States.\nSevere diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\nChronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use.\nDiarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day.\nIn the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries.\n It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem.\n \nThis article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea.\nnaruecha jenthaisong\n\/ Getty Images\nAcute vs. Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long.\nDiarrhea\nusually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown.\nSevere cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\nWhat Causes Diarrhea?\nThere are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious. \nAcute Diarrhea Causes\nThe most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects. \nInfections\nthat lead to diarrhea include:\nViral\n:\nNorovirus\n,\nrotavirus\nBacterial\n:\nEscherichia coli\n(\nE. coli\n)\n,\nsalmonella\n,\nshigella\n,\ncampylobacter\nParasitic\n: Cryptosporidium enteritis,\nEntamoeba histolytica\n,\nGiardia lamblia\nTraveler’s diarrhea\nusually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems.\n \nMedications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include:\nAntibiotics\nAntacids \nMagnesium\nChemotherapy\nand other cancer treatments \nChronic Diarrhea Causes\nChronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it. \nCauses of chronic diarrhea include:\nInfections\n: Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea.\nFood allergies\n: Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested. \nFood intolerances\n:\nLactose intolerance\nis a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances. \nDigestive tract problems\n: Chronic digestive disorders, including\nceliac disease\n,\nCrohn’s disease\n,\nirritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n, and\nulcerative colitis\n, cause bouts of diarrhea. \nAbdominal surgery\n: Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea.\nLong-term medications\n: Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like\nClostridioides difficile\n(\nC. diff\n)\n.\nSymptoms of Diarrhea\nDiarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom.\nIf an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include:\n \nBlood in the stool\nFever and chills\nVomiting\nDizziness \nIf a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include:\nBloating \nGas \nChanges in appetite\nWeight loss\nGreasy, foul-smelling stools \nSee a healthcare provider immediately if you notice\nblack stool\nwhen you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract.\nDiarrhea and Dehydration\nDiarrhea for a few days can lead to\ndehydration\n, when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include:\nThirst\nDry mouth\n \nUrinating less\nDark-colored urine\n \nDecreased skin elasticity \nLight-headedness \nFatigue \nSymptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include:\n \nNo wet diapers for three or more hours\nNo tears when crying \nSunken soft spot on the head \nDiagnosing Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications.\nOther diagnostic tools may include:\nStool study\n: Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract.\nSigmoidoscopy\n: A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed.\nColonoscopy\n: A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue.\nImaging\n:\nComputed tomography (CT) scan\nand\nmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\nmay be used to detect structural abnormalities.\nFasting tests\n: These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances.\nBlood tests\n: They are used to diagnose thyroid disease,\nanemia\n, low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease.\nHow to Stop Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health. \nOver-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment\nTo treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like\nImmodium (loperamide)\ncan slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea.\n \nPrescription Medication\nPrescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication.\n \nDiet\nReplacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks:\nWater\nFruit juice\nSports drinks\nSalty broth \nHealthcare providers recommend that children drink\noral rehydration solutions\nsuch as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids.\n \nTreatment for Babies and Young Children\nDehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often.\n \nBabies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider.\n \nCan You Prevent Diarrhea?\nDiarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies:\nWash your hands\nfrequently. \nUse\nhand sanitizer.\n \nClean and cook your food safely.\nStay up to date on vaccines such as\nrotavirus\n. \nClean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses.\nPeople who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind:\nAvoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth).\nDo not use ice.\nAvoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized.\nDo not eat raw fruits or vegetables.\nAsk for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done.\nOnly eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served.\nAvoid any food from street vendors or food trucks.\nWhen to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours.\nSeek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea:\nSevere pain in the abdomen or rectum\nDiarrhea that is worsening \nBlood in the stool\nBlack, tarry stools\nBy\nCarrie Madormo, RN, MPH\nMadormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health.\nWas this page helpful?\nThanks for your feedback!\nWhat is your feedback?","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#skip-to-content)\n\nMenu\n\n- [Health A-Z](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-a-z-4014770)\n  - [Colorectal Cancer](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/colon-cancer-4014742)\n  - [Arthritis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/arthritis-overview-4582013)\n  - [Type 2 Diabetes](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/type-2-diabetes-overview-4581874)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-4141198)\n  - [Multiple Sclerosis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/multiple-sclerosis-overview-4581925)\n  - [Skin Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/skin-health-4014649)\n  - [View All](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-a-z-4014770)\n- [Prevention & Treatment](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/prevention-and-treatment-4158390)\n  - 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[Arthritis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/arthritis-overview-4582013)\n  - [Type 2 Diabetes](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/type-2-diabetes-overview-4581874)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-4141198)\n  - [Multiple Sclerosis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/multiple-sclerosis-overview-4581925)\n  - [Skin Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/skin-health-4014649)\n  - [View All](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-a-z-4014770)\n- [Prevention & Treatment](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/prevention-and-treatment-4158390)\n  - [Diet & Nutrition](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/nutrition-diet-and-healthy-eating-5202128)\n  - [First Aid](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/first-aid-4014723)\n  - [Surgery](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/surgery-overview-4581881)\n  - [View All](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/prevention-and-treatment-4158390)\n- [Health Care](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-care-4014769)\n  - [Health Insurance](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-insurance-overview-4581967)\n  - [Public Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/public-health-4158386)\n  - [Patient Rights](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/patient-rights-4014673)\n  - [Disability](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/disability-4014735)\n  - [Caregivers & Loved Ones](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/for-caregivers-and-loved-ones-4014749)\n  - [End of Life Concerns](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/end-of-life-overview-4581973)\n  - [View All](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-care-4014769)\n- [News](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/news-4846412)\n  - [Health News](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-news-4844929)\n  - [Studies & Guidelines](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/studies-and-guidelines-11869035)\n  - [View All](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/news-4846412)\n\n[More in Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-4141198)\n\n- [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-overview-4581978)\n- [Daily Care](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/daily-care-4141200)\n- [Bloating & Gas](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/bloating-and-gas-4141201)\n- [Exams & Procedures](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-exams-procedures-4141212)\n- [Celiac Disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/celiac-disease-overview-4581991)\n- [Constipation](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/constipation-overview-4581979)\n- [Inflammatory Bowel Disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ibd-crohns-colitis-overview-4581950)\n- [Irritable Bowel Syndrome](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ibs-overview-4581946)\n- [More Digestive Diseases](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/more-digestive-diseases-overview-4581926)\n- [Peptic Ulcer Disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/peptic-ulcer-disease-overview-4581900)\n- [Heartburn](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/heartburn-4014708)\n- [SIBO](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/small-intestine-bacterial-overgrowth-4125496)\n- [Gallbladder Disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/gall-bladder-disease-4013630)\n- [EG\/EoD](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/eg-eod-5199897)\n- [Stomach Flu](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/stomach-flu-overview-4581889)\n- [Hemorrhoids](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/hemorrhoids-4158443)\n\n[View More](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-4141198)\n\nTools & Resources\n\n- [Thyroid Test Analyzer](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/thyroid-test-analyzer-8647820)\n- [Doctor Discussion Guides](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/doctor-discussion-guides-4179090)\n- [Hemoglobin A1c Test Analyzer](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/a1c-test-analyzer-8647852)\n- [Lipid Test Analyzer](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/lipid-test-analyzer-8647856)\n- [Complete Blood Count (CBC) Analyzer](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/complete-blood-count-cbc-analyzer-8647862)\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/about-us-5180305)\n- [Editorial Process](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/verywell-editorial-process-4777042)\n- [Medical Review Board](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/meet-our-medical-expert-board-11762003)\n\nVerywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.\n\nⒸ 2026 People Inc. — All rights reserved\n\nDiarrhea Guide\n\nDiarrhea Guide\n\n- [Overview](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-causes-1324505)\n- [Coping](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-nutrition-1944666)\n# What Is Diarrhea?\nBy [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/carrie-madormo-5078858)\n\nUpdated on January 14, 2026\n\nMedically reviewed by  [Jay N. Yepuri, MD](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/jay-yepuri-md-ms-4777065)\n\nTable of Contents\n\nView All\n\nTable of Contents\n\n- [Acute vs. Severe](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-acute-vs-severe-diarrhea)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-what-causes-diarrhea)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-symptoms-of-diarrhea)\n- [Dehydration](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-diarrhea-and-dehydration)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-diagnosing-diarrhea)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-how-to-stop-diarrhea)\n- [Prevention](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-can-you-prevent-diarrhea)\n- [When to Seek Medical Care](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-7152315#toc-when-to-seek-medical-care-for-severe-diarrhea)\n- Next in Diarrhea Guide\n  [Causes and Risk Factors of Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-causes-1324505)\n\n### Key Takeaways\n- Diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States.\n- Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\n- Chronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use.\n\nDiarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day.\n\nIn the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries. It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem.\n\nThis article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea.\n\n![A person flushing a toilet]()\n\n![A person flushing a toilet](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/thmb\/fkIkx2M10gpIOTO__xtV4nS3D_Q=\/1500x0\/filters:no_upscale\\(\\):max_bytes\\(150000\\):strip_icc\\(\\)\/GettyImages-1458811525-ca9addcbe32749b582c091b416345432.jpg)\n\n[naruecha jenthaisong](https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=naruecha%20jenthaisong) \/ Getty Images\n## Acute vs. Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long. [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-to-make-diarrhea-go-away-1324506) usually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown.\n\nSevere cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\n\n## What Causes Diarrhea?\nThere are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious.\n\n### Acute Diarrhea Causes\nThe most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects.\n\n[Infections](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/contagious-and-infectious-diarrhea-1958810) that lead to diarrhea include:\n\n- **Viral**: [Norovirus](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-long-does-norovirus-last-7153318), [**rotavirus**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/rotavirus-8705923)\n- **Bacterial**: [*Escherichia coli* (*E. coli*)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/e-coli-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-4174407), [salmonella](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/salmonella-5092925), [shigella](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/watery-diarrhea-overview-4582424), [campylobacter](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/campylobacter-overview-4586323)\n- **Parasitic**: Cryptosporidium enteritis, *Entamoeba histolytica*, *Giardia lamblia*\n\n[Traveler’s diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/travelers-diarrhea-8731105) usually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems.\n\nMedications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include:\n\n- Antibiotics\n- Antacids\n- Magnesium\n- [Chemotherapy](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/chemotherapy-4014085) and other cancer treatments\n### Chronic Diarrhea Causes\nChronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it.\n\nCauses of chronic diarrhea include:\n\n- **Infections**: Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea.\n- [**Food allergies**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/the-most-common-food-allergies-1324134): Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested.\n- **Food intolerances**: [Lactose intolerance](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/lactose-intolerance-1324038) is a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances.\n- **Digestive tract problems**: Chronic digestive disorders, including [celiac disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/celiac-disease-overview-4581991), [Crohn’s disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/crohns-disease-4013910), [irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ibs-overview-4581946), and [ulcerative colitis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ulcerative-colitis-4013737), cause bouts of diarrhea.\n- **Abdominal surgery**: Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea.\n- **Long-term medications**: Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like [*Clostridioides difficile* (*C. diff*)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/c-diff-treatment-5218347)*.*\n## Symptoms of Diarrhea\nDiarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom.\n\nIf an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include:\n\n- [Blood in the stool](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-bloody-stool-1124078)\n- Fever and chills\n- Vomiting\n- Dizziness\n\nIf a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include:\n\n- Bloating\n- [Gas](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/gas-and-diarrhea-8424545)\n- Changes in appetite\n- Weight loss\n- Greasy, foul-smelling stools\n\nSee a healthcare provider immediately if you notice [black stool](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/black-specks-in-stool-8631353) when you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract.\n\n## Diarrhea and Dehydration\nDiarrhea for a few days can lead to [dehydration](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/dehydration-symptoms-8662174), when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include:\n\n- Thirst\n- [Dry mouth](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-mouth-dryness-at-night-3014727)\n- Urinating less\n- [Dark-colored urine](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/dark-urine-symptoms-6362116)\n- Decreased skin elasticity\n- Light-headedness\n- Fatigue\n\nSymptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include:\n\n- No wet diapers for three or more hours\n- No tears when crying\n- Sunken soft spot on the head\n## Diagnosing Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications.\n\nOther diagnostic tools may include:\n\n- [**Stool study**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-a-fecal-occult-blood-test-fobt-797569): Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract.\n- [**Sigmoidoscopy**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/sigmoid-colon-8546914): A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed.\n- [**Colonoscopy**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/colonoscopy-4014117): A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue.\n- **Imaging**: [Computed tomography (CT) scan](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-a-cat-scan-189603) and [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-an-mri-and-what-does-it-do-3157069) may be used to detect structural abnormalities.\n- [**Fasting tests**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/food-making-you-sick-allergy-elimination-diet-may-help-1324053): These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances.\n- **Blood tests**: They are used to diagnose thyroid disease, [anemia](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/anemia-symptoms-4628300), low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease.\n## How to Stop Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health.\n\n### Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment\nTo treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like [Immodium (loperamide)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-safe-is-imodium-1945154) can slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea.\n\n### Prescription Medication\nPrescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication.\n\n### Diet\nReplacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks:\n\n- Water\n- Fruit juice\n- Sports drinks\n- Salty broth\n\nHealthcare providers recommend that children drink [oral rehydration solutions](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/treatments-for-vomiting-and-diarrhea-2634670) such as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids.\n\n### Treatment for Babies and Young Children\nDehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often.\n\nBabies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider.\n\n## Can You Prevent Diarrhea?\nDiarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies:\n\n- [Wash your hands](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/is-it-ever-ok-to-pop-a-pimple-or-squeeze-a-blackhead-3996549) frequently.\n- Use [hand sanitizer.](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/the-problem-with-antibacterial-soap-4125914)\n- Clean and cook your food safely.\n- Stay up to date on vaccines such as [rotavirus](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/rotavirus-8705923).\n- Clean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses.\n\nPeople who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind:\n\n- Avoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth).\n- Do not use ice.\n- Avoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized.\n- Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables.\n- Ask for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done.\n- Only eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served.\n- Avoid any food from street vendors or food trucks.\n## When to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours.\n\nSeek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea:\n\n- Severe pain in the abdomen or rectum\n- Diarrhea that is worsening\n- Blood in the stool\n- [Black, tarry stools](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-black-stool-1941711)\n\nRead more:\n\n- [Health A-Z](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/health-a-z-4014770)\n- [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/digestive-health-4141198)\n- [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/diarrhea-overview-4581978)\n\n6 Sources\n\nVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our [editorial process](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/verywell-editorial-process-4777042) to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.\n\n1. MedlinePlus. [Diarrhea](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/diarrhea.html).\n2. Johns Hopkins Medicine. [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/diarrhea).\n3. LaRocque R, Harris JB. [Patient education: Acute diarrhea in adults (Beyond the Basics)](https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/acute-diarrhea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics). UpToDate.\n4. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [Symptoms & causes of diarrhea](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes).\n5. American College of Gastroenterology. [Diarrheal diseases - acute and chronic](https:\/\/gi.org\/topics\/diarrhea-acute-and-chronic\/).\n6. Nemours KidsHealth. [Diarrhea](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/parents\/diarrhea.html).\n\n![Carrie Madormo]()\n\n![Carrie Madormo](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/thmb\/Xqxq7FYdGYMAAeHDs5VS0ucWONY=\/144x144\/filters:no_upscale\\(\\):max_bytes\\(150000\\):strip_icc\\(\\)\/carriemadormo3-0d20d62434bb4344bdea385664529e28.jpg)\n\nBy [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/carrie-madormo-5078858)   \n Madormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health.\n\n[See Our Editorial Process](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/verywell-editorial-process-4777042)\n\n[Meet Our Medical Expert Board](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/meet-our-medical-expert-board-11762003)\n\nShare Feedback\n\nWas this page helpful?\n\nThanks for your feedback\\!\n\nWhat is your feedback?\n\nHelpful\n\nReport an Error\n\nOther\n\nMore In\n\nDiarrhea Guide\n\n- [![A person flushing a toilet]() ![A person flushing a toilet](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/thmb\/7wK5sH7UPE0YsOTTCmI2BuWAY6Q=\/260x156\/filters:no_upscale\\(\\):max_bytes\\(150000\\):strip_icc\\(\\)\/GettyImages-1458811525-ca9addcbe32749b582c091b416345432.jpg) What Is Diarrhea? 1 of 3 Medically reviewed by Jay N. 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Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.\n\nⒸ 2026 People Inc. — All rights reserved\n\nVerywell Health is part of the [People Inc.](https:\/\/www.people.inc\/) publishing family.","attrs_readable_markdown":"### Key Takeaways\n- Diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States.\n- Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\n- Chronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use.\n\nDiarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day.\n\nIn the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries. It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem.\n\nThis article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea.\n\n[naruecha jenthaisong](https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/search\/photographer?photographer=naruecha%20jenthaisong) \/ Getty Images\n\n## Acute vs. Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long. [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-to-make-diarrhea-go-away-1324506) usually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown.\n\nSevere cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration.\n\n## What Causes Diarrhea?\nThere are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious.\n\n### Acute Diarrhea Causes\nThe most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects.\n\n[Infections](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/contagious-and-infectious-diarrhea-1958810) that lead to diarrhea include:\n\n- **Viral**: [Norovirus](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-long-does-norovirus-last-7153318), [**rotavirus**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/rotavirus-8705923)\n- **Bacterial**: [*Escherichia coli* (*E. coli*)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/e-coli-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-4174407), [salmonella](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/salmonella-5092925), [shigella](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/watery-diarrhea-overview-4582424), [campylobacter](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/campylobacter-overview-4586323)\n- **Parasitic**: Cryptosporidium enteritis, *Entamoeba histolytica*, *Giardia lamblia*\n\n[Traveler’s diarrhea](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/travelers-diarrhea-8731105) usually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems.\n\nMedications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include:\n\n- Antibiotics\n- Antacids\n- Magnesium\n- [Chemotherapy](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/chemotherapy-4014085) and other cancer treatments\n### Chronic Diarrhea Causes\nChronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it.\n\nCauses of chronic diarrhea include:\n\n- **Infections**: Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea.\n- [**Food allergies**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/the-most-common-food-allergies-1324134): Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested.\n- **Food intolerances**: [Lactose intolerance](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/lactose-intolerance-1324038) is a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances.\n- **Digestive tract problems**: Chronic digestive disorders, including [celiac disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/celiac-disease-overview-4581991), [Crohn’s disease](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/crohns-disease-4013910), [irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ibs-overview-4581946), and [ulcerative colitis](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/ulcerative-colitis-4013737), cause bouts of diarrhea.\n- **Abdominal surgery**: Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea.\n- **Long-term medications**: Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like [*Clostridioides difficile* (*C. diff*)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/c-diff-treatment-5218347)*.*\n## Symptoms of Diarrhea\nDiarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom.\n\nIf an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include:\n\n- [Blood in the stool](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-bloody-stool-1124078)\n- Fever and chills\n- Vomiting\n- Dizziness\n\nIf a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include:\n\n- Bloating\n- [Gas](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/gas-and-diarrhea-8424545)\n- Changes in appetite\n- Weight loss\n- Greasy, foul-smelling stools\n\nSee a healthcare provider immediately if you notice [black stool](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/black-specks-in-stool-8631353) when you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract.\n\n## Diarrhea and Dehydration\nDiarrhea for a few days can lead to [dehydration](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/dehydration-symptoms-8662174), when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include:\n\n- Thirst\n- [Dry mouth](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-mouth-dryness-at-night-3014727)\n- Urinating less\n- [Dark-colored urine](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/dark-urine-symptoms-6362116)\n- Decreased skin elasticity\n- Light-headedness\n- Fatigue\n\nSymptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include:\n\n- No wet diapers for three or more hours\n- No tears when crying\n- Sunken soft spot on the head\n## Diagnosing Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications.\n\nOther diagnostic tools may include:\n\n- [**Stool study**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-a-fecal-occult-blood-test-fobt-797569): Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract.\n- [**Sigmoidoscopy**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/sigmoid-colon-8546914): A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed.\n- [**Colonoscopy**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/colonoscopy-4014117): A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue.\n- **Imaging**: [Computed tomography (CT) scan](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-a-cat-scan-189603) and [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/what-is-an-mri-and-what-does-it-do-3157069) may be used to detect structural abnormalities.\n- [**Fasting tests**](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/food-making-you-sick-allergy-elimination-diet-may-help-1324053): These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances.\n- **Blood tests**: They are used to diagnose thyroid disease, [anemia](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/anemia-symptoms-4628300), low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease.\n## How to Stop Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health.\n\n### Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment\nTo treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like [Immodium (loperamide)](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-safe-is-imodium-1945154) can slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea.\n\n### Prescription Medication\nPrescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication.\n\n### Diet\nReplacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks:\n\n- Water\n- Fruit juice\n- Sports drinks\n- Salty broth\n\nHealthcare providers recommend that children drink [oral rehydration solutions](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/treatments-for-vomiting-and-diarrhea-2634670) such as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids.\n\n### Treatment for Babies and Young Children\nDehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often.\n\nBabies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider.\n\n## Can You Prevent Diarrhea?\nDiarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies:\n\n- [Wash your hands](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/is-it-ever-ok-to-pop-a-pimple-or-squeeze-a-blackhead-3996549) frequently.\n- Use [hand sanitizer.](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/the-problem-with-antibacterial-soap-4125914)\n- Clean and cook your food safely.\n- Stay up to date on vaccines such as [rotavirus](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/rotavirus-8705923).\n- Clean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses.\n\nPeople who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind:\n\n- Avoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth).\n- Do not use ice.\n- Avoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized.\n- Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables.\n- Ask for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done.\n- Only eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served.\n- Avoid any food from street vendors or food trucks.\n## When to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea\nMost cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours.\n\nSeek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea:\n\n- Severe pain in the abdomen or rectum\n- Diarrhea that is worsening\n- Blood in the stool\n- [Black, tarry stools](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/causes-of-black-stool-1941711)\n\n![Carrie Madormo](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/thmb\/Xqxq7FYdGYMAAeHDs5VS0ucWONY=\/144x144\/filters:no_upscale\\(\\):max_bytes\\(150000\\):strip_icc\\(\\)\/carriemadormo3-0d20d62434bb4344bdea385664529e28.jpg)\n\nBy [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/carrie-madormo-5078858)   \n Madormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health.\n\nWas this page helpful?\n\nThanks for your feedback\\!\n\nWhat is your feedback?","meta_canonical":null,"ml_categories_json":"{\"\/Health\":998,\"\/Health\/Health_Conditions\":990,\"\/Health\/Health_Conditions\/GERD_and_Digestive_Disorders\":965}","ml_types_json":"{\"\/Article\":999,\"\/Article\/Definitions\":726}","ml_intent_types_json":"{\"Informational\":999}","meta_language":"en","attrs_author":null,"attrs_publish_time":0,"attrs_original_publish_time":1678436807,"attrs_is_republished":0,"attrs_nr_words":"2128","attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words":"1424","body_ext_links_number":18,"body_int_links_number":102,"meta_nofollow":0,"meta_noarchive":1,"props_was_rendered":0,"src_redirect":"","download_time_msec":210,"download_ttfb_msec":152,"download_size":56072}

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Diarrhea: Causes, Complications, and Treatment

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Diarrhea is a very common digestive condition characterized by loose stool. Learn about the causes of diarrhea and signs it may be something more serious.

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Key Takeaways Diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. Chronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use. Diarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day. In the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries. It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem. This article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea. naruecha jenthaisong / Getty Images Acute vs. Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long. Diarrhea usually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown. Severe cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. What Causes Diarrhea? There are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious. Acute Diarrhea Causes The most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects. Infections that lead to diarrhea include: Viral : Norovirus , rotavirus Bacterial : Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) , salmonella , shigella , campylobacter Parasitic : Cryptosporidium enteritis, Entamoeba histolytica , Giardia lamblia Traveler’s diarrhea usually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems. Medications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include: Antibiotics Antacids Magnesium Chemotherapy and other cancer treatments Chronic Diarrhea Causes Chronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it. Causes of chronic diarrhea include: Infections : Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea. Food allergies : Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested. Food intolerances : Lactose intolerance is a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances. Digestive tract problems : Chronic digestive disorders, including celiac disease , Crohn’s disease , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) , and ulcerative colitis , cause bouts of diarrhea. Abdominal surgery : Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea. Long-term medications : Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like Clostridioides difficile ( C. diff ) . Symptoms of Diarrhea Diarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom. If an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include: Blood in the stool Fever and chills Vomiting Dizziness If a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include: Bloating Gas Changes in appetite Weight loss Greasy, foul-smelling stools See a healthcare provider immediately if you notice black stool when you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract. Diarrhea and Dehydration Diarrhea for a few days can lead to dehydration , when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include: Thirst Dry mouth Urinating less Dark-colored urine Decreased skin elasticity Light-headedness Fatigue Symptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include: No wet diapers for three or more hours No tears when crying Sunken soft spot on the head Diagnosing Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications. Other diagnostic tools may include: Stool study : Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract. Sigmoidoscopy : A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed. Colonoscopy : A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue. Imaging : Computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to detect structural abnormalities. Fasting tests : These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances. Blood tests : They are used to diagnose thyroid disease, anemia , low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease. How to Stop Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment To treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like Immodium (loperamide) can slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea. Prescription Medication Prescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication. Diet Replacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks: Water Fruit juice Sports drinks Salty broth Healthcare providers recommend that children drink oral rehydration solutions such as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids. Treatment for Babies and Young Children Dehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often. Babies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider. Can You Prevent Diarrhea? Diarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies: Wash your hands frequently. Use hand sanitizer. Clean and cook your food safely. Stay up to date on vaccines such as rotavirus . Clean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses. People who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind: Avoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth). Do not use ice. Avoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized. Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables. Ask for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done. Only eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served. Avoid any food from street vendors or food trucks. When to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours. Seek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea: Severe pain in the abdomen or rectum Diarrhea that is worsening Blood in the stool Black, tarry stools By Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH Madormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! What is your feedback?

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[Complete Blood Count (CBC) Analyzer](https://www.verywellhealth.com/complete-blood-count-cbc-analyzer-8647862) - [About Us](https://www.verywellhealth.com/about-us-5180305) - [Editorial Process](https://www.verywellhealth.com/verywell-editorial-process-4777042) - [Medical Review Board](https://www.verywellhealth.com/meet-our-medical-expert-board-11762003) Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Ⓒ 2026 People Inc. — All rights reserved Diarrhea Guide Diarrhea Guide - [Overview](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315) - [Causes](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-causes-1324505) - [Coping](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-nutrition-1944666) # What Is Diarrhea? By [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https://www.verywellhealth.com/carrie-madormo-5078858) Updated on January 14, 2026 Medically reviewed by [Jay N. Yepuri, MD](https://www.verywellhealth.com/jay-yepuri-md-ms-4777065) Table of Contents View All Table of Contents - [Acute vs. Severe](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-acute-vs-severe-diarrhea) - [Causes](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-what-causes-diarrhea) - [Symptoms](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-symptoms-of-diarrhea) - [Dehydration](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-diarrhea-and-dehydration) - [Diagnosis](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-diagnosing-diarrhea) - [Treatment](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-how-to-stop-diarrhea) - [Prevention](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-can-you-prevent-diarrhea) - [When to Seek Medical Care](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-7152315#toc-when-to-seek-medical-care-for-severe-diarrhea) - Next in Diarrhea Guide [Causes and Risk Factors of Diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-causes-1324505) ### Key Takeaways - Diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States. - Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. - Chronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use. Diarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day. In the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries. It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem. This article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea. ![A person flushing a toilet]() ![A person flushing a toilet](https://www.verywellhealth.com/thmb/fkIkx2M10gpIOTO__xtV4nS3D_Q=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale\(\):max_bytes\(150000\):strip_icc\(\)/GettyImages-1458811525-ca9addcbe32749b582c091b416345432.jpg) [naruecha jenthaisong](https://www.gettyimages.com/search/photographer?photographer=naruecha%20jenthaisong) / Getty Images ## Acute vs. Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long. [Diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-make-diarrhea-go-away-1324506) usually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown. Severe cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. ## What Causes Diarrhea? There are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious. ### Acute Diarrhea Causes The most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects. [Infections](https://www.verywellhealth.com/contagious-and-infectious-diarrhea-1958810) that lead to diarrhea include: - **Viral**: [Norovirus](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-long-does-norovirus-last-7153318), [**rotavirus**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/rotavirus-8705923) - **Bacterial**: [*Escherichia coli* (*E. coli*)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/e-coli-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-4174407), [salmonella](https://www.verywellhealth.com/salmonella-5092925), [shigella](https://www.verywellhealth.com/watery-diarrhea-overview-4582424), [campylobacter](https://www.verywellhealth.com/campylobacter-overview-4586323) - **Parasitic**: Cryptosporidium enteritis, *Entamoeba histolytica*, *Giardia lamblia* [Traveler’s diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/travelers-diarrhea-8731105) usually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems. Medications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include: - Antibiotics - Antacids - Magnesium - [Chemotherapy](https://www.verywellhealth.com/chemotherapy-4014085) and other cancer treatments ### Chronic Diarrhea Causes Chronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it. Causes of chronic diarrhea include: - **Infections**: Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea. - [**Food allergies**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-most-common-food-allergies-1324134): Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested. - **Food intolerances**: [Lactose intolerance](https://www.verywellhealth.com/lactose-intolerance-1324038) is a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances. - **Digestive tract problems**: Chronic digestive disorders, including [celiac disease](https://www.verywellhealth.com/celiac-disease-overview-4581991), [Crohn’s disease](https://www.verywellhealth.com/crohns-disease-4013910), [irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/ibs-overview-4581946), and [ulcerative colitis](https://www.verywellhealth.com/ulcerative-colitis-4013737), cause bouts of diarrhea. - **Abdominal surgery**: Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea. - **Long-term medications**: Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like [*Clostridioides difficile* (*C. diff*)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/c-diff-treatment-5218347)*.* ## Symptoms of Diarrhea Diarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom. If an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include: - [Blood in the stool](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-bloody-stool-1124078) - Fever and chills - Vomiting - Dizziness If a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include: - Bloating - [Gas](https://www.verywellhealth.com/gas-and-diarrhea-8424545) - Changes in appetite - Weight loss - Greasy, foul-smelling stools See a healthcare provider immediately if you notice [black stool](https://www.verywellhealth.com/black-specks-in-stool-8631353) when you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract. ## Diarrhea and Dehydration Diarrhea for a few days can lead to [dehydration](https://www.verywellhealth.com/dehydration-symptoms-8662174), when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include: - Thirst - [Dry mouth](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-mouth-dryness-at-night-3014727) - Urinating less - [Dark-colored urine](https://www.verywellhealth.com/dark-urine-symptoms-6362116) - Decreased skin elasticity - Light-headedness - Fatigue Symptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include: - No wet diapers for three or more hours - No tears when crying - Sunken soft spot on the head ## Diagnosing Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications. Other diagnostic tools may include: - [**Stool study**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-fecal-occult-blood-test-fobt-797569): Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract. - [**Sigmoidoscopy**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/sigmoid-colon-8546914): A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed. - [**Colonoscopy**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/colonoscopy-4014117): A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue. - **Imaging**: [Computed tomography (CT) scan](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-cat-scan-189603) and [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-an-mri-and-what-does-it-do-3157069) may be used to detect structural abnormalities. - [**Fasting tests**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/food-making-you-sick-allergy-elimination-diet-may-help-1324053): These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances. - **Blood tests**: They are used to diagnose thyroid disease, [anemia](https://www.verywellhealth.com/anemia-symptoms-4628300), low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease. ## How to Stop Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health. ### Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment To treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like [Immodium (loperamide)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-safe-is-imodium-1945154) can slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea. ### Prescription Medication Prescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication. ### Diet Replacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks: - Water - Fruit juice - Sports drinks - Salty broth Healthcare providers recommend that children drink [oral rehydration solutions](https://www.verywellhealth.com/treatments-for-vomiting-and-diarrhea-2634670) such as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids. ### Treatment for Babies and Young Children Dehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often. Babies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider. ## Can You Prevent Diarrhea? Diarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies: - [Wash your hands](https://www.verywellhealth.com/is-it-ever-ok-to-pop-a-pimple-or-squeeze-a-blackhead-3996549) frequently. - Use [hand sanitizer.](https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-problem-with-antibacterial-soap-4125914) - Clean and cook your food safely. - Stay up to date on vaccines such as [rotavirus](https://www.verywellhealth.com/rotavirus-8705923). - Clean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses. People who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind: - Avoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth). - Do not use ice. - Avoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized. - Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables. - Ask for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done. - Only eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served. - Avoid any food from street vendors or food trucks. ## When to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours. Seek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea: - Severe pain in the abdomen or rectum - Diarrhea that is worsening - Blood in the stool - [Black, tarry stools](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-black-stool-1941711) Read more: - [Health A-Z](https://www.verywellhealth.com/health-a-z-4014770) - [Digestive Health](https://www.verywellhealth.com/digestive-health-4141198) - [Diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/diarrhea-overview-4581978) 6 Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our [editorial process](https://www.verywellhealth.com/verywell-editorial-process-4777042) to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. 1. MedlinePlus. [Diarrhea](https://medlineplus.gov/diarrhea.html). 2. Johns Hopkins Medicine. [Diarrhea](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/diarrhea). 3. LaRocque R, Harris JB. [Patient education: Acute diarrhea in adults (Beyond the Basics)](https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-diarrhea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics). UpToDate. 4. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [Symptoms & causes of diarrhea](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes). 5. American College of Gastroenterology. [Diarrheal diseases - acute and chronic](https://gi.org/topics/diarrhea-acute-and-chronic/). 6. Nemours KidsHealth. [Diarrhea](https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diarrhea.html). ![Carrie Madormo]() ![Carrie Madormo](https://www.verywellhealth.com/thmb/Xqxq7FYdGYMAAeHDs5VS0ucWONY=/144x144/filters:no_upscale\(\):max_bytes\(150000\):strip_icc\(\)/carriemadormo3-0d20d62434bb4344bdea385664529e28.jpg) By [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https://www.verywellhealth.com/carrie-madormo-5078858) Madormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health. [See Our Editorial Process](https://www.verywellhealth.com/verywell-editorial-process-4777042) [Meet Our Medical Expert Board](https://www.verywellhealth.com/meet-our-medical-expert-board-11762003) Share Feedback Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback\! What is your feedback? Helpful Report an Error Other More In Diarrhea Guide - [![A person flushing a toilet]() ![A person flushing a toilet](https://www.verywellhealth.com/thmb/7wK5sH7UPE0YsOTTCmI2BuWAY6Q=/260x156/filters:no_upscale\(\):max_bytes\(150000\):strip_icc\(\)/GettyImages-1458811525-ca9addcbe32749b582c091b416345432.jpg) What Is Diarrhea? 1 of 3 Medically reviewed by Jay N. 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### Key Takeaways - Diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year in the United States. - Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. - Chronic diarrhea can be caused by infections, food allergies, digestive tract problems, and long-term medication use. Diarrhea is a very common condition that affects the digestive tract. It is characterized by loose or watery stools occurring at least three times per day. In the United States, diarrhea affects adults about once per year and young children twice per year. It is more common in people who live in or travel to developing countries. It usually resolves on its own after one or two days. When diarrhea lasts more than a few days, it may be a sign of a serious health problem. This article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for diarrhea. [naruecha jenthaisong](https://www.gettyimages.com/search/photographer?photographer=naruecha%20jenthaisong) / Getty Images ## Acute vs. Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea are considered acute and do not last long. [Diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-make-diarrhea-go-away-1324506) usually goes away on its own within a few days. The cause is often unknown. Severe cases of diarrhea last longer than four days and require treatment. Severe diarrhea can last weeks and may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration. ## What Causes Diarrhea? There are several possible causes of diarrhea, and they range from mild to serious. ### Acute Diarrhea Causes The most common causes of acute diarrhea are infection, traveler’s diarrhea, and medication side effects. [Infections](https://www.verywellhealth.com/contagious-and-infectious-diarrhea-1958810) that lead to diarrhea include: - **Viral**: [Norovirus](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-long-does-norovirus-last-7153318), [**rotavirus**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/rotavirus-8705923) - **Bacterial**: [*Escherichia coli* (*E. coli*)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/e-coli-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-4174407), [salmonella](https://www.verywellhealth.com/salmonella-5092925), [shigella](https://www.verywellhealth.com/watery-diarrhea-overview-4582424), [campylobacter](https://www.verywellhealth.com/campylobacter-overview-4586323) - **Parasitic**: Cryptosporidium enteritis, *Entamoeba histolytica*, *Giardia lamblia* [Traveler’s diarrhea](https://www.verywellhealth.com/travelers-diarrhea-8731105) usually spreads through contaminated food and water, where bacteria and parasites can live. When ingested, the bacterium or parasite settles into the digestive tract and causes illnesses. While most cases of traveler’s diarrhea are acute, some parasites can cause chronic problems. Medications that have been linked with acute diarrhea include: - Antibiotics - Antacids - Magnesium - [Chemotherapy](https://www.verywellhealth.com/chemotherapy-4014085) and other cancer treatments ### Chronic Diarrhea Causes Chronic diarrhea lasts for weeks or longer. Certain infections, food allergies or intolerances, digestive tract problems, surgery complications, or long-term medication use may cause it. Causes of chronic diarrhea include: - **Infections**: Certain infections cause diarrhea that does not resolve quickly. After the infection, some people may have trouble digesting lactose (found in dairy). This leads to chronic diarrhea. - [**Food allergies**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-most-common-food-allergies-1324134): Allergies to cow’s milk, soy, cereal grains, eggs, or seafood can cause diarrhea anytime those foods are ingested. - **Food intolerances**: [Lactose intolerance](https://www.verywellhealth.com/lactose-intolerance-1324038) is a common cause of diarrhea after eating dairy; other food intolerances that can lead to diarrhea include fructose and sugar-alcohol intolerances. - **Digestive tract problems**: Chronic digestive disorders, including [celiac disease](https://www.verywellhealth.com/celiac-disease-overview-4581991), [Crohn’s disease](https://www.verywellhealth.com/crohns-disease-4013910), [irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/ibs-overview-4581946), and [ulcerative colitis](https://www.verywellhealth.com/ulcerative-colitis-4013737), cause bouts of diarrhea. - **Abdominal surgery**: Surgery of the appendix, gallbladder, large intestine, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, or stomach can lead to long-term diarrhea. - **Long-term medications**: Antibiotics change the balance of normal gut flora, so taking them long-term can increase the risk of certain infections like [*Clostridioides difficile* (*C. diff*)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/c-diff-treatment-5218347)*.* ## Symptoms of Diarrhea Diarrhea is a condition that causes loose, watery stools, abdominal cramping and pain, and an urgent need to use the bathroom. If an infection causes diarrhea, additional symptoms may include: - [Blood in the stool](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-bloody-stool-1124078) - Fever and chills - Vomiting - Dizziness If a malabsorption disorder causes diarrhea, the symptoms can include: - Bloating - [Gas](https://www.verywellhealth.com/gas-and-diarrhea-8424545) - Changes in appetite - Weight loss - Greasy, foul-smelling stools See a healthcare provider immediately if you notice [black stool](https://www.verywellhealth.com/black-specks-in-stool-8631353) when you have diarrhea. This could mean that there is bleeding in your digestive tract. ## Diarrhea and Dehydration Diarrhea for a few days can lead to [dehydration](https://www.verywellhealth.com/dehydration-symptoms-8662174), when your body loses more fluid than it takes in. Symptoms of dehydration may include: - Thirst - [Dry mouth](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-mouth-dryness-at-night-3014727) - Urinating less - [Dark-colored urine](https://www.verywellhealth.com/dark-urine-symptoms-6362116) - Decreased skin elasticity - Light-headedness - Fatigue Symptoms of dehydration in babies and young children include: - No wet diapers for three or more hours - No tears when crying - Sunken soft spot on the head ## Diagnosing Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea last for a couple of days. However, when it does not improve on its own, it's important to see a healthcare provider to determine the cause and if you're dehydrated. They will ask questions about when diarrhea started and if the symptoms worsened, and recent changes in your diet or medications. Other diagnostic tools may include: - [**Stool study**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-fecal-occult-blood-test-fobt-797569): Stool is sent to a lab to check for abnormal bacteria in the digestive tract. - [**Sigmoidoscopy**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/sigmoid-colon-8546914): A short, flexible tube with a light is advanced through the rectum into the last third of the large intestine to inspect the digestive tract and take biopsies if needed. - [**Colonoscopy**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/colonoscopy-4014117): A tube is inserted into the entire length of the large intestine to look for abnormal growths or any red, swollen, or bleeding tissue. - **Imaging**: [Computed tomography (CT) scan](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-cat-scan-189603) and [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-an-mri-and-what-does-it-do-3157069) may be used to detect structural abnormalities. - [**Fasting tests**](https://www.verywellhealth.com/food-making-you-sick-allergy-elimination-diet-may-help-1324053): These tests detect if you cannot digest certain foods or have intolerances. - **Blood tests**: They are used to diagnose thyroid disease, [anemia](https://www.verywellhealth.com/anemia-symptoms-4628300), low levels of specific vitamins, or celiac disease. ## How to Stop Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own without treatment. If you have had diarrhea for over two to three days, you may need treatment to prevent dehydration. The treatment plan depends on the type of diarrhea, its underlying causes, how severe it is, and your overall health. ### Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatment To treat diarrhea at home, start hydrating yourself as much as possible. OTC antimotility agents like [Immodium (loperamide)](https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-safe-is-imodium-1945154) can slow down your gastrointestinal tract and decrease the amount and frequency of diarrhea. ### Prescription Medication Prescription medication may be needed for severe diarrhea. If a healthcare provider is concerned that you are dehydrated, they may recommend intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection causes diarrhea. Parasitic infections are treated with antiparasitic medication. ### Diet Replacing the fluids lost during diarrhea is an important part of treatment. Start by drinking more fluids and eating soft, bland foods. Adults can rehydrate with the following types of drinks: - Water - Fruit juice - Sports drinks - Salty broth Healthcare providers recommend that children drink [oral rehydration solutions](https://www.verywellhealth.com/treatments-for-vomiting-and-diarrhea-2634670) such as Pedialyte to replace lost fluids. ### Treatment for Babies and Young Children Dehydration is a serious health problem for babies and young children. Treating diarrhea and watching for any signs of dehydration in this age group is critical. To prevent dehydration in babies and young children, offer small, frequent doses of an oral rehydration solution. For babies who are nursing, offer breastfeeding often. Babies and children should avoid sports drinks and fruit juices because they are very sugary and may upset their stomachs. They should not take antidiarrheal medications unless recommended by a healthcare provider. ## Can You Prevent Diarrhea? Diarrhea is very common and cannot always be prevented. However, there are ways to lower your risk. Use the following strategies: - [Wash your hands](https://www.verywellhealth.com/is-it-ever-ok-to-pop-a-pimple-or-squeeze-a-blackhead-3996549) frequently. - Use [hand sanitizer.](https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-problem-with-antibacterial-soap-4125914) - Clean and cook your food safely. - Stay up to date on vaccines such as [rotavirus](https://www.verywellhealth.com/rotavirus-8705923). - Clean door knobs and frequently-touched surfaces with a cleaner that kills viruses. People who travel to developing countries are at an increased risk of traveler’s diarrhea. To lower your risk while traveling, keep the following tips in mind: - Avoid tap water (even when brushing your teeth). - Do not use ice. - Avoid milk and milk products that are not pasteurized. - Do not eat raw fruits or vegetables. - Ask for all meat and fish to be cooked well-done. - Only eat meat and shellfish that are hot when served. - Avoid any food from street vendors or food trucks. ## When to Seek Medical Care for Severe Diarrhea Most cases of diarrhea can be safely treated at home. If you have a compromised immune system or are an older adult, call a healthcare provider whenever you experience diarrhea. It is also important to contact a provider if you develop symptoms of dehydration or fever, vomiting, or six or more stools in 24 hours. Seek medical care if you develop any of the following symptoms with diarrhea: - Severe pain in the abdomen or rectum - Diarrhea that is worsening - Blood in the stool - [Black, tarry stools](https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-black-stool-1941711) ![Carrie Madormo](https://www.verywellhealth.com/thmb/Xqxq7FYdGYMAAeHDs5VS0ucWONY=/144x144/filters:no_upscale\(\):max_bytes\(150000\):strip_icc\(\)/carriemadormo3-0d20d62434bb4344bdea385664529e28.jpg) By [Carrie Madormo, RN, MPH](https://www.verywellhealth.com/carrie-madormo-5078858) Madormo is a health writer with over a decade of experience as a registered nurse. She has worked in pediatrics, oncology, chronic pain, and public health. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback\! What is your feedback?

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