🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 71 (from laksa152)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa071.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-william-kate-middleton-wedding\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-william-kate-middleton-wedding\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-william-kate-middleton-wedding","crawl_time":1775290523,"first_indexed_time":1618329376,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,theknot!www,\/content\/prince-william-kate-middleton-wedding s443","src_root_hash":"2704002635390955671","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Details and Photos","meta_descriptions":["From Kate Middleton's bridesmaids to the couple's lavish cake, get details about the Prince and Princess of Wales' 2011 wedding."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"More than 23 million viewers worldwide tuned into the royal nuptials.\nOver a decade has passed since Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding on April 29, 2011, but we remember this royal celebration like it was just yesterday. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight.\nWilliam and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of\nroyal pomp and circumstance\n. After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with.\nPrince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue\nWPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nPrince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents\nKing Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981\n, the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother,\nQueen Elizabeth II\n, also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance.\nAlthough Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace.\nWilliam and Kate's Wedding Attire\nAndrew Milligan - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nAs is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint.\nKate Middleton's wedding dress\nwas a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the\nmost iconic wedding dresses of all time\n. The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent \"something blue.\" Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the\nCartier Halo tiara\n, which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II.\nChris Jackson \/ Getty Images\nThe groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted.\nKate Middleton's Wedding Makeup\nIn an unconventional move,\nKate Middleton did her own wedding makeup\nrather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving \"makeup artistry assistance\" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle.\n\"Catherine looked absolutely stunning,\" Brown said at the time in a statement. \"I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy.\"\nWill and Kate's Wedding Party\nPascal Le Segretain \/ Getty Images\nIn keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a \"wedding party,\" per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in\nhis January 2023 memoir,\nSpare\n. That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. \"The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie,\" he wrote. \"The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong.\"\nKirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nOther honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton.\nWilliam and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests\nHugo Burnand \/ AFP \/ Getty Images\nIn a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) \"I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew,\" William said at the time. \"It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family.\" He turned to his grandmother for \"moral support\" and \"a bit of backup,\" which she happily provided. \"She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'.\"\nIn addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie.\nWilliam and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions\nDominic Lipinski - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nThe televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading.\nJames Devaney \/ FilmMagic\nKate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981.\nWilliam and Kate's Wedding Rings\nDave Thompson - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nDuring William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under\nPrincess Diana's sapphire engagement ring\n. Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others.\nWilliam did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, \"It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now.\" The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla.\nThe Royal Wedding Florals and Decor\nKirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nThough there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William.\nThe decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar.\nWill and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits\nJohn Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nKate changed into a\nsecond wedding dress\nfor the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look.\nThe groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie.\nWilliam and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu\nThough every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables.\nSides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings.\nWill and Kate's Wedding Cake\nJOHN STILLWELL \/ AFP via Getty Images\nWilliam and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer.\nEllie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance\nThe royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform \"Your Song.\" The momentous occasion had Goulding \"sh-tting her pants,\" she would later tell\nVanity Fair.\n(Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?)\nWilliam and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car\nChristopher Furlong \/ Getty Images\nFollowing William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding.\nAfter making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: \"JU5T WED.\"\nWill and Kate's Wedding Photos\nJames Devaney \/ FilmMagic\nBuckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but\ntwice\n, delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers.\nWilliam and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father,\nKing Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles\n, as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight.\nWill and Kate's Honeymoon\nJohn Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images\nThe day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to\nSeychelles\n, a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding.\nIn the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to Main Content](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-william-kate-middleton-wedding#union-layout-main)\n\nMain menu\n\n- Planning Tools\n- Vendors\n- Wedding Website\n- Guests & RSVPs\n- Invitations\n- Registry\n- Attire & Rings\n- Ideas & Advice\n\n[Find a couple](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/registry\/couplesearch)\n\n[Customer service](https:\/\/helpcenter.theknot.com\/)\n\nLog in\n\nSign up\n\nBack to main menu\n\n[Planning tools](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/)\n\n[Home](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/)\n\n[Checklist](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-checklist)\n\n[Budget Advisor](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-budget)\n\n[Style quiz](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-vision)\n\n[Get The Knot app](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-planning-app)\n\n[The Engagement Era Collection](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/engagement-era)\n\nMake planning a little easier\n\n[![Take the style quiz](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/4c134a1a-04c9-4d91-83d2-3d5f1f682f6c~rs_144.132)Take the style quiz](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-vision)\n\n[![Get The Knot app](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/3ca80e02-7c18-4b82-9c0d-9459fb041978~rs_144.132)Get The Knot app](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-planning-app)\n\n[![Explore Budget Advisor](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/0059d82d-bc53-4c27-8d3f-0391cfb9d21e~rs_144.132)Explore Budget Advisor](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/wedding-budget)\n\n[![The Engagement Era Collection](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/3380fc40-4bbd-4c81-9c87-5d7206b3c6ae~rs_144.132)The Engagement Era Collection](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/engagement-era)\n\nBack to main menu\n\n[Vendors](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace)\n\n[Reception venues](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-reception-venues)\n\n[Wedding photographers](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-photographers)\n\n[Catering](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/catering)\n\n[Bridal salons](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/bridal-salons)\n\n[Wedding planners](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-planners)\n\n[Wedding cakes](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-cake-bakeries)\n\n[Rehearsal dinners, bridal showers & parties](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/rehearsal-dinners-bridal-showers\/)\n\n[DJs](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-djs)\n\n[Videographers](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-videographers)\n\n[Wedding rentals](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-rentals)\n\n[Beauty services](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/beauty-services)\n\n[Florists](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/florists)\n\n[Wedding bands](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/live-wedding-bands)\n\n[Officiants & pre-marital counseling](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-officiants)\n\n[Photo booths](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-photo-booth-rentals)\n\n[Bar services](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/bar-services)\n\n[Transportation](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/transportation-services)\n\n[Jewelers](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/jewelers)\n\n[Soloists & ensembles](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-soloists-ensembles)\n\n[Dance lessons](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-dance-lessons)\n\n[Décor](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-decor-shops)\n\n[Invitations](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/invitations)\n\n[Favors & gifts](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/favors)\n\n[Travel specialists](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace\/wedding-travel-agents)\n\n[Hotel room blocks](https:\/\/theknot.partners.engine.com\/new-trip?utm_source=the-knot&utm_medium=channel&utm_campaign=the-knot-channel-groups-a018X00000bV3kuQAC&utm_term=tktopnavigation&referral=MKT%20-%20Partner&rel=sponsored)\n\n[DealsNew.](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/deals)\n\n[See all categories](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/marketplace)\n\n[Are you a vendor? 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Advice](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content)\n\n\/\n\n[News](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/news-advice)\n\nFind articles\n\n[Copy to clipboard]()\n\n# Inside Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Day\nMore than 23 million viewers worldwide tuned into the royal nuptials.\n\n[Copy to clipboard]()\n\n![William and Kate on their wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/858ede60-bbb6-49e7-b324-9695f4881b7a?auto=format&fit=max&w=1200&q=70)\n\n*Chris Jackson \/ Getty Images*\n\n[![sarah hanlon entertainment and celebrity editor the knot](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/6bdbb8da-9042-4e94-94f4-51204f848c45~rs_108.h)](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/author\/sarah-hanlon)\n\nby\n\n[Sarah Hanlon](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/author\/sarah-hanlon)\n\n[![sarah hanlon entertainment and celebrity editor the knot](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/6bdbb8da-9042-4e94-94f4-51204f848c45~rs_108.h)](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/author\/sarah-hanlon)\n\n[Sarah Hanlon](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/author\/sarah-hanlon)\n\nEntertainment & Celebrity Editor\n\n- Sarah is the Entertainment & Celebrity Editor for The Knot, with special focuses on pop culture and celebrity wedding news.\n- Before joining The Knot Worldwide, Sarah was a contributing writer for Bravo at NBC Universal.\n- Sarah has a degree in journalism and resides in New York City.\n\nUpdated Mar 28, 2023\n\nOver a decade has passed since Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding on April 29, 2011, but we remember this royal celebration like it was just yesterday. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight.\n\nWilliam and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of [royal pomp and circumstance](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/most-iconic-royal-wedding-dresses). After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with.\n\n![People celebrating](https:\/\/qa-media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/33ed6b40-c6b0-4f67-89ed-b94ae9bd3eb2)\n\nGet the latest wedding inspo and advice for every part of planning\n\nSign up for free\n## Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue\n![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nPrince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents [King Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/princess-diana-wedding-dress), the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother, [Queen Elizabeth II](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/queen-elizabeth-wedding), also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance.\n\nAlthough Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace.\n\n## William and Kate's Wedding Attire\n![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Andrew Milligan - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nAs is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint. [Kate Middleton's wedding dress](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-dress-celebrity-lookalikes) was a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the [most iconic wedding dresses of all time](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/iconic-wedding-dresses). The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent \"something blue.\" Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the [Cartier Halo tiara](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-tiara), which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II.\n\nFEATURED VIDEO FROM THE KNOT\n\n![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Chris Jackson \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted.\n\n## Kate Middleton's Wedding Makeup\nIn an unconventional move, [Kate Middleton did her own wedding makeup](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-makeup) rather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving \"makeup artistry assistance\" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle.\n\n\"Catherine looked absolutely stunning,\" Brown said at the time in a statement. \"I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy.\"\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Party\n![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h)\n\n![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h)\n\n*Pascal Le Segretain \/ Getty Images*\n\nIn keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a \"wedding party,\" per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in [his January 2023 memoir, *Spare*](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-harry-meghan-markle-marriage). That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. \"The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie,\" he wrote. \"The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong.\"\n\n![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212)\n\n![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212)\n\n*Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nOther honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton.\n\n## William and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests\n![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*Hugo Burnand \/ AFP \/ Getty Images*\n\nIn a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) \"I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew,\" William said at the time. \"It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family.\" He turned to his grandmother for \"moral support\" and \"a bit of backup,\" which she happily provided. \"She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'.\"\n\nIn addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie.\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions\n![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*Dominic Lipinski - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading.\n\n![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*James Devaney \/ FilmMagic*\n\nKate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981.\n\n***\nFOR YOU\n\n[![Inside George and Amal Clooney's relationship. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/78c914a8-93fb-453f-99cd-389ffb160ed0) Inside George and Amal Clooney's Love Story It all began with a swoon-worthy meet-cute at the actor's Lake Como villa.](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/george-clooney-relationship)\n\n[![Joey King's Oscar de la Renta wedding dresses](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/6d9db534-a13a-46a9-b3ac-d832751542d5) 11 Iconic Oscar de la Renta Celebrity Wedding Dresses Still thinking about Amal Clooney, TBH.](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/oscar-de-la-renta-celebrity-wedding-dresses)\n\n[![Prince Harry and Meghan Markle on their wedding day](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/2f8b151e-112e-4bb5-b447-767497547554) The Most Iconic Celebrity Wedding Photos Ever These shots live rent-free in our minds.](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/iconic-celebrity-wedding-photos)\n## William and Kate's Wedding Rings\n![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802)\n\n![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802)\n\n*Dave Thompson - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nDuring William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under [Princess Diana's sapphire engagement ring](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/princess-diana-engagement-ring). Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others.\n\nWilliam did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, \"It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now.\" The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla.\n\n## The Royal Wedding Florals and Decor\n![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856)\n\n![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856)\n\n*Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThough there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William.\n\nThe decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar.\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits\n![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h)\n\n![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h)\n\n*John Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nKate changed into a [second wedding dress](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/celebrity-wedding-reception-dresses) for the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look.\n\nThe groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie.\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu\nThough every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables.\n\nSides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings.\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Cake\n![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ]()\n\n![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/ab9b1ce0-62a3-4bbe-8ae9-a765da642990~rs_768.h-cr_90.0.2519.3239)\n\n*JOHN STILLWELL \/ AFP via Getty Images*\n\nWilliam and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer.\n\n## Ellie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance\nThe royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform \"Your Song.\" The momentous occasion had Goulding \"sh-tting her pants,\" she would later tell [Vanity Fair.](https:\/\/www.vanityfair.com\/style\/2016\/02\/ellie-goulding-royal-wedding) (Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?)\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car\n![William and Kate in their getaway car. ]()\n\n![William and Kate in their getaway car. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/34ce6555-5b9f-4728-831d-cd9fbfb6c7fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Christopher Furlong \/ Getty Images*\n\nFollowing William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding.\n\nAfter making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: \"JU5T WED.\"\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Photos\n![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ]()\n\n![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/4db2042a-22ae-4e76-875c-5610f8fc85eb~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*James Devaney \/ FilmMagic*\n\nBuckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but *twice*, delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers.\n\nWilliam and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father, [King Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-charles-camilla-wedding), as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight.\n\n## Will and Kate's Honeymoon\n![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ]()\n\n![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/88fbe856-1eec-4ba5-a326-dd4f828cecee~rs_768.h-cr_165.0.2836.2003)\n\n*John Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to [Seychelles](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/seychelles-honeymoon-weather-travel-guide), a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding.\n\nIn the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018.\n\n[Copy to clipboard]()\n\nFEATURED VIDEO FROM THE KNOT\n\nMOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT\n\n[Exclusive: John F. 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The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight.\n\nWilliam and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of [royal pomp and circumstance](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/most-iconic-royal-wedding-dresses). After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with.\n\n## Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue\n![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nPrince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents [King Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/princess-diana-wedding-dress), the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother, [Queen Elizabeth II](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/queen-elizabeth-wedding), also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance.\n\nAlthough Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace.\n\n## William and Kate's Wedding Attire\n![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Andrew Milligan - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nAs is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint. [Kate Middleton's wedding dress](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-dress-celebrity-lookalikes) was a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the [most iconic wedding dresses of all time](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/iconic-wedding-dresses). The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent \"something blue.\" Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the [Cartier Halo tiara](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-tiara), which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II.\n\n![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Chris Jackson \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted.\n\n## Kate Middleton's Wedding Makeup\nIn an unconventional move, [Kate Middleton did her own wedding makeup](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/kate-middleton-wedding-makeup) rather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving \"makeup artistry assistance\" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle.\n\n\"Catherine looked absolutely stunning,\" Brown said at the time in a statement. \"I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy.\"\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Party\n![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h)\n\n*Pascal Le Segretain \/ Getty Images*\n\nIn keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a \"wedding party,\" per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in [his January 2023 memoir, *Spare*](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-harry-meghan-markle-marriage). That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. \"The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie,\" he wrote. \"The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong.\"\n\n![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212)\n\n*Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nOther honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton.\n\n## William and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests\n![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*Hugo Burnand \/ AFP \/ Getty Images*\n\nIn a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) \"I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew,\" William said at the time. \"It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family.\" He turned to his grandmother for \"moral support\" and \"a bit of backup,\" which she happily provided. \"She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'.\"\n\nIn addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie.\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions\n![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*Dominic Lipinski - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading.\n\n![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*James Devaney \/ FilmMagic*\n\nKate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981.\n\n## William and Kate's Wedding Rings\n![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802)\n\n*Dave Thompson - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nDuring William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under [Princess Diana's sapphire engagement ring](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/princess-diana-engagement-ring). Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others.\n\nWilliam did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, \"It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now.\" The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla.\n\n## The Royal Wedding Florals and Decor\n![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856)\n\n*Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThough there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William.\n\nThe decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar.\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits\n![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h)\n\n*John Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nKate changed into a [second wedding dress](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/celebrity-wedding-reception-dresses) for the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look.\n\nThe groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie.\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu\nThough every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables.\n\nSides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings.\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Cake\n![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/ab9b1ce0-62a3-4bbe-8ae9-a765da642990~rs_768.h-cr_90.0.2519.3239)\n\n*JOHN STILLWELL \/ AFP via Getty Images*\n\nWilliam and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer.\n\n## Ellie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance\nThe royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform \"Your Song.\" The momentous occasion had Goulding \"sh-tting her pants,\" she would later tell [Vanity Fair.](https:\/\/www.vanityfair.com\/style\/2016\/02\/ellie-goulding-royal-wedding) (Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?)\n\n## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car\n![William and Kate in their getaway car. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/34ce6555-5b9f-4728-831d-cd9fbfb6c7fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133)\n\n*Christopher Furlong \/ Getty Images*\n\nFollowing William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding.\n\nAfter making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: \"JU5T WED.\"\n\n## Will and Kate's Wedding Photos\n![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/4db2042a-22ae-4e76-875c-5610f8fc85eb~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240)\n\n*James Devaney \/ FilmMagic*\n\nBuckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but *twice*, delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers.\n\nWilliam and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father, [King Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/prince-charles-camilla-wedding), as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight.\n\n## Will and Kate's Honeymoon\n![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ](https:\/\/media-api.xogrp.com\/images\/88fbe856-1eec-4ba5-a326-dd4f828cecee~rs_768.h-cr_165.0.2836.2003)\n\n*John Stillwell - WPA Pool \/ Getty Images*\n\nThe day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to [Seychelles](https:\/\/www.theknot.com\/content\/seychelles-honeymoon-weather-travel-guide), a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding.\n\nIn the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018.","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	More than 23 million viewers worldwide tuned into the royal nuptials. Over a decade has passed since Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding on April 29, 2011, but we remember this royal celebration like it was just yesterday. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight. William and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of royal pomp and circumstance . After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with. Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue WPA Pool / Getty Images Prince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents King Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981 , the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II , also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance. Although Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace. William and Kate's Wedding Attire Andrew Milligan - WPA Pool / Getty Images As is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint. Kate Middleton's wedding dress was a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the most iconic wedding dresses of all time . The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent "something blue." Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the Cartier Halo tiara , which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II. Chris Jackson / Getty Images The groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted. Kate Middleton's Wedding Makeup In an unconventional move, Kate Middleton did her own wedding makeup rather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving "makeup artistry assistance" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle. "Catherine looked absolutely stunning," Brown said at the time in a statement. "I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy." Will and Kate's Wedding Party Pascal Le Segretain / Getty Images In keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a "wedding party," per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in his January 2023 memoir, Spare . That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. "The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie," he wrote. "The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong." Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Other honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton. William and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests Hugo Burnand / AFP / Getty Images In a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) "I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew," William said at the time. "It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family." He turned to his grandmother for "moral support" and "a bit of backup," which she happily provided. "She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'." In addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie. William and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions Dominic Lipinski - WPA Pool / Getty Images The televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading. James Devaney / FilmMagic Kate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981. William and Kate's Wedding Rings Dave Thompson - WPA Pool / Getty Images During William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under Princess Diana's sapphire engagement ring . Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others. William did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, "It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now." The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla. The Royal Wedding Florals and Decor Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Though there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William. The decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar. Will and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images Kate changed into a second wedding dress for the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look. The groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie. William and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu Though every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables. Sides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings. Will and Kate's Wedding Cake JOHN STILLWELL / AFP via Getty Images William and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer. Ellie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance The royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform "Your Song." The momentous occasion had Goulding "sh-tting her pants," she would later tell Vanity Fair. (Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?) William and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car Christopher Furlong / Getty Images Following William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding. After making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: "JU5T WED." Will and Kate's Wedding Photos James Devaney / FilmMagic Buckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but twice , delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers. William and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father, King Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles , as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight. Will and Kate's Honeymoon John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images The day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to Seychelles , a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding. In the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018.
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[Copy to clipboard]() ![William and Kate on their wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/858ede60-bbb6-49e7-b324-9695f4881b7a?auto=format&fit=max&w=1200&q=70) Chris Jackson / Getty Images [![sarah hanlon entertainment and celebrity editor the knot](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/6bdbb8da-9042-4e94-94f4-51204f848c45~rs_108.h)](https://www.theknot.com/content/author/sarah-hanlon) by [Sarah Hanlon](https://www.theknot.com/content/author/sarah-hanlon) [![sarah hanlon entertainment and celebrity editor the knot](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/6bdbb8da-9042-4e94-94f4-51204f848c45~rs_108.h)](https://www.theknot.com/content/author/sarah-hanlon) [Sarah Hanlon](https://www.theknot.com/content/author/sarah-hanlon) Entertainment & Celebrity Editor - Sarah is the Entertainment & Celebrity Editor for The Knot, with special focuses on pop culture and celebrity wedding news. - Before joining The Knot Worldwide, Sarah was a contributing writer for Bravo at NBC Universal. - Sarah has a degree in journalism and resides in New York City. Updated Mar 28, 2023 Over a decade has passed since Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding on April 29, 2011, but we remember this royal celebration like it was just yesterday. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight. William and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of [royal pomp and circumstance](https://www.theknot.com/content/most-iconic-royal-wedding-dresses). After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with. ![People celebrating](https://qa-media-api.xogrp.com/images/33ed6b40-c6b0-4f67-89ed-b94ae9bd3eb2) Get the latest wedding inspo and advice for every part of planning Sign up for free ## Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue ![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) ![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) WPA Pool / Getty Images Prince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents [King Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981](https://www.theknot.com/content/princess-diana-wedding-dress), the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother, [Queen Elizabeth II](https://www.theknot.com/content/queen-elizabeth-wedding), also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance. Although Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace. ## William and Kate's Wedding Attire ![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) ![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Andrew Milligan - WPA Pool / Getty Images As is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint. [Kate Middleton's wedding dress](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-dress-celebrity-lookalikes) was a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the [most iconic wedding dresses of all time](https://www.theknot.com/content/iconic-wedding-dresses). The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent "something blue." Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the [Cartier Halo tiara](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-tiara), which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II. FEATURED VIDEO FROM THE KNOT ![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) ![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Chris Jackson / Getty Images The groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted. ## Kate Middleton's Wedding Makeup In an unconventional move, [Kate Middleton did her own wedding makeup](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-makeup) rather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving "makeup artistry assistance" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle. "Catherine looked absolutely stunning," Brown said at the time in a statement. "I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy." ## Will and Kate's Wedding Party ![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h) ![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h) Pascal Le Segretain / Getty Images In keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a "wedding party," per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in [his January 2023 memoir, Spare](https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-harry-meghan-markle-marriage). That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. "The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie," he wrote. "The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong." ![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212) ![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212) Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Other honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton. ## William and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests ![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) ![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) Hugo Burnand / AFP / Getty Images In a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) "I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew," William said at the time. "It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family." He turned to his grandmother for "moral support" and "a bit of backup," which she happily provided. "She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'." In addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie. ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions ![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) ![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) Dominic Lipinski - WPA Pool / Getty Images The televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading. ![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) ![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) James Devaney / FilmMagic Kate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981. *** FOR YOU [![Inside George and Amal Clooney's relationship. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/78c914a8-93fb-453f-99cd-389ffb160ed0) Inside George and Amal Clooney's Love Story It all began with a swoon-worthy meet-cute at the actor's Lake Como villa.](https://www.theknot.com/content/george-clooney-relationship) [![Joey King's Oscar de la Renta wedding dresses](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/6d9db534-a13a-46a9-b3ac-d832751542d5) 11 Iconic Oscar de la Renta Celebrity Wedding Dresses Still thinking about Amal Clooney, TBH.](https://www.theknot.com/content/oscar-de-la-renta-celebrity-wedding-dresses) [![Prince Harry and Meghan Markle on their wedding day](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/2f8b151e-112e-4bb5-b447-767497547554) The Most Iconic Celebrity Wedding Photos Ever These shots live rent-free in our minds.](https://www.theknot.com/content/iconic-celebrity-wedding-photos) ## William and Kate's Wedding Rings ![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802) ![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802) Dave Thompson - WPA Pool / Getty Images During William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under [Princess Diana's sapphire engagement ring](https://www.theknot.com/content/princess-diana-engagement-ring). Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others. William did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, "It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now." The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla. ## The Royal Wedding Florals and Decor ![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856) ![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856) Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Though there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William. The decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar. ## Will and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits ![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h) ![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h) John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images Kate changed into a [second wedding dress](https://www.theknot.com/content/celebrity-wedding-reception-dresses) for the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look. The groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie. ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu Though every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables. Sides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings. ## Will and Kate's Wedding Cake ![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ]() ![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/ab9b1ce0-62a3-4bbe-8ae9-a765da642990~rs_768.h-cr_90.0.2519.3239) JOHN STILLWELL / AFP via Getty Images William and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer. ## Ellie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance The royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform "Your Song." The momentous occasion had Goulding "sh-tting her pants," she would later tell [Vanity Fair.](https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2016/02/ellie-goulding-royal-wedding) (Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?) ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car ![William and Kate in their getaway car. ]() ![William and Kate in their getaway car. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/34ce6555-5b9f-4728-831d-cd9fbfb6c7fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Christopher Furlong / Getty Images Following William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding. After making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: "JU5T WED." ## Will and Kate's Wedding Photos ![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ]() ![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/4db2042a-22ae-4e76-875c-5610f8fc85eb~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) James Devaney / FilmMagic Buckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but twice, delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers. William and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father, [King Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles](https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-charles-camilla-wedding), as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight. ## Will and Kate's Honeymoon ![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ]() ![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/88fbe856-1eec-4ba5-a326-dd4f828cecee~rs_768.h-cr_165.0.2836.2003) John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images The day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to [Seychelles](https://www.theknot.com/content/seychelles-honeymoon-weather-travel-guide), a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding. In the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018. [Copy to clipboard]() FEATURED VIDEO FROM THE KNOT MOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT [Exclusive: John F. 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Readable Markdown	More than 23 million viewers worldwide tuned into the royal nuptials. Over a decade has passed since Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding on April 29, 2011, but we remember this royal celebration like it was just yesterday. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (now known as the Prince and Princess of Wales) exchanged vows before a congregation of 1,900 guests at Westminster Abbey in London and more than 23 million viewers worldwide. The pair first met as college classmates at St. Andrews back in 2003, and while they kept their romance largely concealed during their undergrad years, they eventually had to embrace a relationship in the spotlight. William and Kate's wedding was a quintessential display of [royal pomp and circumstance](https://www.theknot.com/content/most-iconic-royal-wedding-dresses). After all, what else would you expect from the future King and Queen of England? Read on for more details about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding day, including what they wore, what they ate, and who they celebrated with. ## Prince William and Kate Middleton's Wedding Venue ![Westminster Abbey on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/e431886a-cf15-4729-9532-b5774115d810~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) WPA Pool / Getty Images Prince William and Kate Middleton got married at Westminster Abbey in London, England, and their choice of venue wasn't exactly a surprise. Although they didn't swap vows at St. Paul's Cathedral, where William's parents [King Charles and Princess Diana did in 1981](https://www.theknot.com/content/princess-diana-wedding-dress), the Abbey was an equally sentimental selection. Prince William's grandmother, [Queen Elizabeth II](https://www.theknot.com/content/queen-elizabeth-wedding), also got married at Westminster Abbey back in 1947; before that, her father, His Majesty King George VI, exchanged vows with Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon there in April 1923. Given that William is now second in line to the throne (after his father, King Charles), his wedding venue was not without significance. Although Kate Middleton and Prince William's wedding venue held 1,900 guests, many more celebrated outside the storied church. Throughout the UK, an estimated 5,000 street parties were hosted while more than one million people lined the route between Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace. ## William and Kate's Wedding Attire ![Kate Middleton walks down the aisle on her wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/1f498d3e-d283-4cad-91f1-4959a9507b66~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Andrew Milligan - WPA Pool / Getty Images As is common with royal weddings, there was plenty of buzz leading up to the big day about what the bride's gown would look like—and it certainly didn't disappoint. [Kate Middleton's wedding dress](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-dress-celebrity-lookalikes) was a breathtaking number designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen and instantly became one of the [most iconic wedding dresses of all time](https://www.theknot.com/content/iconic-wedding-dresses). The custom ivory and lace creation pulled clear inspiration from Grace Kelly's wedding dress, as seen through its lace long sleeves, V-neckline, full skirt and nine-foot train. Together, Burton and Middleton included sentimental details into the look, like hand-cut lace roses, daffodils, thistles, and shamrocks woven into the sleeves to symbolize England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Burton also sewed a blue ribbon inside the gown to represent "something blue." Kate Middleton accessorized her wedding gown with the [Cartier Halo tiara](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-tiara), which was lent to her by Queen Elizabeth II. ![William and Kate hold hands on their wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/c4f29922-d0a6-410c-a73b-d45165f4caf5~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Chris Jackson / Getty Images The groom, for his part, looked equally as dapper in his attire. Prince William's wedding outfit was the red tunic he earned when he was promoted to Colonel of the regiment two months before the big day. Although he later said in an interview that he wanted to wear his Irish Guards frock coat, his grandmother wanted him to wear the red military outfit—and ultimately, Queen Elizabeth got what she wanted. ## Kate Middleton's Wedding Makeup In an unconventional move, [Kate Middleton did her own wedding makeup](https://www.theknot.com/content/kate-middleton-wedding-makeup) rather than bring in a professional for the big day. However, she was adequately prepared. In the weeks leading up to the nuptials, Kate took makeup lessons from Bobbi Brown's team, receiving "makeup artistry assistance" from the brand's makeup artist Hannah Martin. The final look was nothing short of beautiful, as the bride opted for flushed pink cheeks and a gray smokey eye to complement her half-up, half-down hairstyle. "Catherine looked absolutely stunning," Brown said at the time in a statement. "I wouldn't have changed a thing about her makeup. She looked beautiful, fresh and most importantly, happy." ## Will and Kate's Wedding Party ![Pippa Middleton holds Kate's train. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/42ca7d54-98f6-4c39-bb68-d43b10395152~rs_768.h) Pascal Le Segretain / Getty Images In keeping with British tradition, Kate and William didn't have a "wedding party," per se, though Kate's younger sister Pippa was her maid of honor. She made quite an impact in her Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen ivory bridesmaid dress, which made headlines around the world thanks to its figure-hugging silhouette. Although it was believed that Prince Harry was Prince William's best man, he debunked this theory in [his January 2023 memoir, Spare](https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-harry-meghan-markle-marriage). That esteemed role was actually shared by Williams' longtime friends James Meade and Thomas van Straubenzee. "The public had been told that I was to be best man, but that was a bare-faced lie," he wrote. "The public expected me to be the best man, and thus, the palace saw no choice but to say that I was. In truth, Willy didn't want me giving a best man speech. He didn't think it safe to hand me a live mic and put me in a position to go off script. I might say something wildly inappropriate. He wasn't wrong." ![Kate and Will walk down the aisle with Harry and Pippa behind them. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/49be9637-b82d-4a86-8820-79638e1e35fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.12.1600.1212) Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Other honorary guests included two page boys and four bridesmaids, all under the age of 10. An official photo of the family and wedding was taken inside the Throne Room at Buckingham Palace. Along with the bride and groom, others photographed included Grace van Cutsem, Eliza Lopes, the late Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II, Margarita Armstrong-Jones, Louise Windsor, William Lowther-Pinkerton, Tom Pettifer, Camilla Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince Harry, Michael Middleton, Carole Middleton, James Middleton and Pippa Middleton. ## William and Kate's Celebrity Wedding Guests ![Royal family portrait on William and Kate's wedding day. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/71c1060c-416d-48a5-b450-3588c4288d83~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) Hugo Burnand / AFP / Getty Images In a 2012 interview, Prince William revealed that he and his bride-to-be struggled with their wedding guest list. (Royals: They're just like us.) "I was given a list in the first meeting of 777 names and not one of them I knew," William said at the time. "It was a bit daunting and it was like, that seems to be the guest list sorted–no room for friends or family." He turned to his grandmother for "moral support" and "a bit of backup," which she happily provided. "She said, 'Don't be so ridiculous, get rid of the list, and start from your friends'." In addition to close friends and family, foreign royalty, diplomats, and politicians, a few A-list stars landed on the guest list too. Some of William and Kate's celebrity wedding guests included David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John and his partner, David Furnish, actor Rowan Atkinson, and director Guy Ritchie. ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Ceremony Traditions ![William and Kate during their wedding ceremony. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/80953bd3-1445-4057-a222-b5e049a5f37a~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) Dominic Lipinski - WPA Pool / Getty Images The televised ceremony of William and Kate's wedding featured a trifecta of holy men who helped to marry the couple: the Dean of Westminster conducted the lengthy service, the Archbishop of Canterbury married the couple, and the Bishop of London gave the address. Kate's brother, James Middleton, did a reading. ![William and Kate on their wedding carriage. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/d8d028f4-6039-4c79-ad7d-aea094c65dba~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) James Devaney / FilmMagic Kate's father, Michael Middleton, rode with his daughter in a car toward the ceremony and also walked her down the aisle toward William. The newlyweds then rode away to Buckingham Palace in the Imperial State Landau, a century-old carriage originally built for Edward VII. Incidentally, it was the exact same carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding back in 1981. ## William and Kate's Wedding Rings ![Kate and Will exchange rings. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/f75c30cd-c3f6-46b7-948c-b661f366a4af~rs_768.h-cr_146.0.2549.1802) Dave Thompson - WPA Pool / Getty Images During William and Kate's wedding ceremony, only one ring was exchanged. The groom placed a simple gold band on his wife's finger, which would later be stacked under [Princess Diana's sapphire engagement ring](https://www.theknot.com/content/princess-diana-engagement-ring). Kate Middleton's wedding band was made from a nugget of Welsh gold that has been in the royal family for centuries. In fact, that exact nugget has been used to make wedding bands for Queen Elizabeth, Princess Diana, and Meghan Markle, among others. William did not receive a wedding ring during the ceremony, which turned out to be his personal preference. A palace aide spoke out about the groom's lack of jewelry ahead of the wedding, saying, "It's all down to personal preference. He's not one for jewelry. He's never worn any. He decided he didn't want to wear one now." The choice to forgo bling isn't entirely uncommon in the royal family, as his grandfather, Prince Philip, also never wore a wedding ring. Although King Charles doesn't wear a traditional wedding band on his left ring finger, he does wear a signet ring on his pinky that was given to him by his wife, Queen Camilla. ## The Royal Wedding Florals and Decor ![Westminster Abbey decorated for the royal wedding. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/a2a37094-3ced-43c8-8713-6b79008dd661~rs_768.h-cr_143.0.3951.2856) Kirsty Wigglesworth - WPA Pool / Getty Images Though there were hundreds of dozens of floral arrangements that dotted both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace, no bunch of flowers was quite as important as the bouquet that Kate held. In a nod to her largely understated, down-to-earth style, the bouquet consisted of lily of the valley, hyacinths, and a sprig of myrtle, as is royal tradition. One fun addition that she made, as a tiny nod to her husband-to-be, was a European flower called sweet William. The decor of both Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace was extraordinary—fit, one might say, for royalty. Westminster Abbey was decorated with six English Field Maple trees and two Hornbeam trees, all of which were 20 feet high, to give the space a rather natural, pleasant ambiance. A long red carpet ran the length of the aisle from double doors to the altar. ## Will and Kate's Wedding Reception Outfits ![William and Kate at their wedding reception. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/ebf2bfce-9bff-4e68-8c01-8416b5ff347f~rs_768.h) John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images Kate changed into a [second wedding dress](https://www.theknot.com/content/celebrity-wedding-reception-dresses) for the intimate reception held at Buckingham Palace later that evening, also designed by Sarah Burton for Alexander McQueen. It featured a more relaxed silhouette and was made of an ivory satin material, with a sweetheart neckline, a circle skirt, and a diamond belt that accentuated her waist. She also wore a white angora bolero to cover her shoulders and let her hair down for a more casual look. The groom also opted for an outfit change. Prince William swapped his red military uniform for a sleek black tuxedo with a classic bow tie. ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Reception Menu Though every other detail about Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding was clamored about during the hubbub surrounding the big day, the menu for the couple's reception wasn't released until nearly four years later. A copy of William and Kate's wedding reception menu listed for auction at the Reeman Dansie Auctioneers in Colchester revealed that the newlyweds' 300 closest family and friends enjoyed a salad of South Uist salmon, Lyme Bay crab and Hebridean langoustines, followed by a main course of North Highland organic lamb with spring vegetables. Sides of English asparagus and Jersey Royal potatoes helped round out the main dish, while a trio of desserts, including Berkshire honey ice cream, sherry trifle, and chocolate parfait, completed the food offerings. ## Will and Kate's Wedding Cake ![Stunning tiered wedding cake. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/ab9b1ce0-62a3-4bbe-8ae9-a765da642990~rs_768.h-cr_90.0.2519.3239) JOHN STILLWELL / AFP via Getty Images William and Kate didn't skimp on their wedding cake, which they entrusted in the hands of UK-based baker Fiona Cairns. Cairns created an eight-tier fruit cake that was as practical as it was beautiful: the couple opted to save the top three tiers for future celebrations, according to the famous baker. The cakes have since been served at William and Kate's children's christenings. Fitting, then, that they have three little ones—one for each layer. ## Ellie Goulding's Wedding Reception Performance The royals are known for being pop culture savvy, and didn't disappoint in their choices for wedding entertainment. In addition to a more traditional organ and orchestra combo, William and Kate also invited British singer Ellie Goulding to their wedding to perform "Your Song." The momentous occasion had Goulding "sh-tting her pants," she would later tell [Vanity Fair.](https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2016/02/ellie-goulding-royal-wedding) (Perhaps because its originator, Elton John, was in the audience?) ## William and Kate's Royal Wedding Carriages and Getaway Car ![William and Kate in their getaway car. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/34ce6555-5b9f-4728-831d-cd9fbfb6c7fe~rs_768.h-cr_0.0.1600.2133) Christopher Furlong / Getty Images Following William and Kate's wedding ceremony, the newlyweds departed to Buckingham Palace the black and gold carriage that Princess Diana and Prince Charles rode away in after their wedding. After making their union official and celebrating with their loved ones, William and Kate set off as newlyweds in a 1969 Aston Martin, which had been gifted to William's father Prince Charles on his 21st birthday. The license plate cheekily read: "JU5T WED." ## Will and Kate's Wedding Photos ![William and Kate share a kiss on the balcony. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/4db2042a-22ae-4e76-875c-5610f8fc85eb~rs_768.h-cr_0.40.1600.1240) James Devaney / FilmMagic Buckingham Palace balcony appearances have become a highly anticipated moment during royal events. Following momentous occasions such as jubilees, parades, coronations and weddings, it's tradition for members of the royal family to gather on this iconic balcony to greet onlookers and pose for pictures. Unsurprisingly, Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding balcony appearance was incredibly memorable, and not just because the couple was so beloved. In a rare display of PDA, the newlyweds kissed not once, but twice, delighting well-wishers below and eliciting thunderous cheers. William and Kate were joined on the balcony by the bride's parents, Michael Middleton and Carole Middleton, the groom's father, [King Charles and his wife, Camilla Parker Bowles](https://www.theknot.com/content/prince-charles-camilla-wedding), as well as Prince Harry, Pippa Middleton, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip. The couples' wedding party also joined, though three-year-old Grace van Cutsem nearly stole the show by covering her ears and looking rather displeased during her time in the spotlight. ## Will and Kate's Honeymoon ![William and Kate on their honeymoon. ](https://media-api.xogrp.com/images/88fbe856-1eec-4ba5-a326-dd4f828cecee~rs_768.h-cr_165.0.2836.2003) John Stillwell - WPA Pool / Getty Images The day after William and Kate's wedding, the couple was photographed leaving the grounds of Buckingham Palace to board a private helicopter that would take them to their honeymoon. We would later find out that they jetted off to [Seychelles](https://www.theknot.com/content/seychelles-honeymoon-weather-travel-guide), a nation of islands off the coast of East Africa where they stayed at an exclusive and remote resort—a stark contrast from their global wedding. In the first year of marriage, the newlyweds lived seaside in a rented cottage in Anglesey, North Wales, a stone's throw away from William's workplace when he served on the Royal Air Force as an air-sea rescue pilot. While there, William and Kate practiced for parenthood by welcoming cocker spaniel puppy Lupo into their home to start the New Year in 2012. By December 2012, it was revealed they were expecting their first child together. Their firstborn, Prince George, arrived in July 2013 and was later joined by siblings Princess Charlotte in May 2015 and Prince Louis in 2018.
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