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Calculated Shard: 69 (from laksa192)

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curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa069.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/","crawl_time":1775871167,"first_indexed_time":1670572024,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,tecmint!www,\/bash-for-loop-linux\/ s443","src_root_hash":"17998126746619863669","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"How to Use Bash For Loop in Linux: A Beginner's Tutorial","meta_descriptions":["In programming languages, Loops are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"In programming languages,\nLoops\nare essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met.\nIn\nBash\nscripting,\nloops\nplay much the same role and are used to\nautomate repetitive tasks\njust like in programming languages.\nIn\nBash\nscripting, there are 3 types of\nloops\n:\nfor loop\n,\nwhile loop\n, and\nuntil loop\n. The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands.\nIn this guide, we will focus on the\nBash For Loop\nin Linux.\nTable of Contents\nBash For Loop Syntax\nBash For Loop Example\nBash For Loop with Ranges\nBash For Loops with Arrays\nBash C Style For Loop\nBash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements\nUse the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop\nUse the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop\nConclusion\nBash For Loop Syntax\nAs mentioned earlier, the\nfor loop\niterates over a range of values and executes a\nset of Linux commands\n.\nFor loop\ntakes the following syntax:\nfor variable_name in value1 value2 value3  .. n\ndo\n    command1\n    command2\n    commandn\ndone\nLet us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop.\nBash For Loop Example\nIn its simplest form, the\nfor loop\ntakes the following basic format. In this example, the variable\nn\niterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout.\nfor n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\nBash For Loop Example\nBash For Loop with Ranges\nIn the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the\nfor loop\n, which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100.\nTo address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods.\nIn this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\nOnce the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in\nsimple loops\n.\nBash For Loop with Ranges Example\nAdditionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the\nfor loop\nto iterate through the values in incremental steps.\nThe following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7..2};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\nBash For Loop Incremented Values\nFrom the above example, you can see that the\nloop\nincremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values.\nBash For Loops with Arrays\nYou can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a\nfor Loop\n. In the following example, the\nfor loop\niterates through all the values inside the\nfruits array\nand prints them to stdout.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[@]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\nBash For Loop Array Example\nThe\n@\noperator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one.\nIn addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array.\nFor example to access the “\nmango\n” element, replace the\n@\noperator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “\nmango\n” will be denoted by 2).\nThis is what the for loop looks like.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[2]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\nBash For Loops with Array Elements\nBash C Style For Loop\nYou can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where\nC-styled for loops\ncome in. The following example illustrates a\nC-style for loop\nthat prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nn=7\nfor (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\nBash C-styled For Loops Example\nBash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements\nYou can include conditional statements inside\nC-styled for loops\n. In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7.\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor (( n=1; n<=7; n++ ))\ndo  \n    # Check if the number is even or not\n    if (( $n%2==0 ))\n    then\n        echo \"$n is even\"\n    else\n        echo \"$n is odd\"\n    fi  \ndone\nBash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example\nUse the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe ‘\ncontinue\n‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as\nPython\nand Java.\nThe\ncontinue statement\nhalts the current iteration inside a\nloop\nwhen a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration.\nConsider the\nfor loop\nshown below.\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n              echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n              continue\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Example\nThis is what the code does:\nLine 2\n: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\nLine 4\n: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2.\nLine 9\n: Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\nThe following is the expected output after running the script.\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Output\nUse the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe\n‘break’\nstatement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met.\nConsider the\nFor loop\nbelow.\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n                echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n                break\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\necho \"All done\"\nBash For Loop Break Statement\nThis is what the code does:\nLine 2\n: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\nLine 4\n: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration.\nLine 9\n: Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\nFrom the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop.\nBash For Loop Break Statement Output\nConclusion\nThat was a tutorial about\nBash For loops\n. We hope you found this insightful. Feel free to weigh in with your feedback.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#content \"Skip to content\")\n\n[![Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/logo.png)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/ \"Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides\")\n\nMenu\n\nMenu\n\n- [Learn Linux](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/free-online-linux-learning-guide-for-beginners\/ \"Start Learning Linux\")\n- [Linux Distros](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/best-linux-distributions\/ \"Linux Distributions\")\n  - [Linux Distros for Beginners](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/best-linux-distributions-for-beginners\/)\n  - [Linux Distros for Experts](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/linux-distro-for-power-users\/ \"Widely Used Distros\")\n  - [New Linux Distros](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/new-linux-distributions\/)\n  - [Linux Server Distros](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/10-best-linux-server-distributions\/)\n  - [Secure Linux Distros](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/best-security-centric-linux-distributions\/)\n  - 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[LFCE Exam](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/installing-network-services-and-configuring-services-at-system-boot\/ \"LFCE Certification eBook\")\n  - [LFCA Exam](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/understanding-linux-operating-system\/ \"LFCA Certification eBook\")\n  - [Ansible Exam](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/understand-core-components-of-ansible\/ \"Ansible Certification eBook\")\n- [Sign In](https:\/\/pro.tecmint.com\/#\/portal\/account)\n- [Join Root →](https:\/\/pro.tecmint.com\/#\/portal)\n\n# How to Use Bash For Loop with Examples in Linux\n[James Kiarie](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/author\/james2030kiarie\/ \"View all posts by James Kiarie\")\n\nLast Updated: June 6, 2023\n\nRead Time: 4 mins\n\nCategories [Bash Shell](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/category\/bash-shell\/), [Shell Scripting](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/category\/shell-scripting\/)\n\n[1 Comment](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#comments)\n\nTake Your Linux Skills to the Next Level All courses, certifications, ad-free articles & community — from \\$8\/mo\n\n[Join Root →](https:\/\/pro.tecmint.com\/#\/portal\/signup)\n\nSee what's included *▾*\n\nAd-free access to all premium articles\n\nAccess to all courses: Learn Linux, AI for Linux, Bash Scripting, Ubuntu Handbook, Golang and more.\n\nAccess to Linux certifications (RHCSA, RHCE, LFCS and LFCA)\n\nAccess new courses on release\n\nGet access to weekly newsletter\n\nPriority help in comments\n\nPrivate Telegram community\n\nConnect with the Linux community\n\nFrom **\\$8\/mo** · or **\\$59\/yr** billed annually · Cancel anytime\n\nIn programming languages, **Loops** are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met.\n\nIn **Bash** scripting, **loops** play much the same role and are used to [automate repetitive tasks](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/using-shell-script-to-automate-linux-system-maintenance-tasks\/ \"Using Shell Scripting to Automate Linux System Tasks\") just like in programming languages.\n\nIn **Bash** scripting, there are 3 types of **loops**: **for loop**, **while loop**, and **until loop**. The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands.\n\nIn this guide, we will focus on the **Bash For Loop** in Linux.\n\nTable of Contents\n\nToggle\n\n- [Bash For Loop Syntax](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_Syntax)\n- [Bash For Loop Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_Example)\n- [Bash For Loop with Ranges](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_with_Ranges)\n- [Bash For Loops with Arrays](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loops_with_Arrays)\n- [Bash C Style For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_C_Style_For_Loop)\n- [Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_C-styled_For_Loops_With_Conditional_Statements)\n- [Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Use_the_%E2%80%98Continue_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop)\n- [Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Use_the_%E2%80%98break_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop)\n  - - - [Conclusion](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Conclusion)\n## Bash For Loop Syntax\nAs mentioned earlier, the **for loop** iterates over a range of values and executes a [set of Linux commands](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/essential-linux-commands\/ \"Essential Linux Commands\").\n\n**For loop** takes the following syntax:\n```\nfor variable_name in value1 value2 value3  .. n\ndo\n    command1\n    command2\n    commandn\ndone\n```\nLet us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop.\n\n## Bash For Loop Example\nIn its simplest form, the **for loop** takes the following basic format. In this example, the variable `n` iterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout.\n```\nfor n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Example.png)\n\nBash For Loop Example\n## Bash For Loop with Ranges\nIn the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the **for loop**, which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100.\n\nTo address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods.\n\nIn this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\nOnce the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in **simple loops**.\n\n![Bash For Loop with Ranges Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-with-Ranges-Example.png)\n\nBash For Loop with Ranges Example\n\nAdditionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the **for loop** to iterate through the values in incremental steps.\n\nThe following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7..2};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Incremented Values](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Incremented-Values.png)\n\nBash For Loop Incremented Values\n\nFrom the above example, you can see that the **loop** incremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values.\n\n## Bash For Loops with Arrays\nYou can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a **for Loop**. In the following example, the **for loop** iterates through all the values inside the **fruits array** and prints them to stdout.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[@]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Array Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loops-with-Arrays.png)\n\nBash For Loop Array Example\n\nThe `@` operator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one.\n\nIn addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array.\n\nFor example to access the “**mango**” element, replace the `@` operator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “**mango**” will be denoted by 2).\n\nThis is what the for loop looks like.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[2]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loops with Array Elements](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loops-with-Elements.png)\n\nBash For Loops with Array Elements\n## Bash C Style For Loop\nYou can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where **C-styled for loops** come in. The following example illustrates a **C-style for loop** that prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nn=7\nfor (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash C-styled For Loops Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Example.png)\n\nBash C-styled For Loops Example\n## Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements\nYou can include conditional statements inside **C-styled for loops**. In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor (( n=1; n<=7; n++ ))\ndo  \n    # Check if the number is even or not\n    if (( $n%2==0 ))\n    then\n        echo \"$n is even\"\n    else\n        echo \"$n is odd\"\n    fi  \ndone\n```\n![Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Conditional-Statements.png)\n\nBash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example\n## Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe ‘**continue**‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as [Python](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/install-python-in-linux\/ \"Install Python from Source in Linux\") and Java.\n\nThe **continue statement** halts the current iteration inside a **loop** when a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration.\n\nConsider the **for loop** shown below.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n              echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n              continue\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement.png)\n\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Example\n\nThis is what the code does:\n\n- **Line 2**: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\n- **Line 4**: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2.\n- **Line 9**: Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\n\nThe following is the expected output after running the script.\n\n![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement-Output.png)\n\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Output\n## Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe **‘break’** statement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met.\n\nConsider the **For loop** below.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n                echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n                break\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\necho \"All done\"\n```\n![Bash For Loop Break Statement](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement.png)\n\nBash For Loop Break Statement\n\nThis is what the code does:\n\n- **Line 2**: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\n- **Line 4**: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration.\n- **Line 9**: Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\n\nFrom the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop.\n\n![Bash For Loop Break Statement Output](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement-Output.png)\n\nBash For Loop Break Statement Output\n##### Conclusion\nThat was a tutorial about **Bash For loops**. We hope you found this insightful. Feel free to weigh in with your feedback.\n\nPro TecMint Root Plan\n\nPremium Linux Education for Serious Learners\n\n### Take Your Linux Skills to the Next Level\nRoot members get full access to every course, certification prep track, and a growing library of hands-on Linux content — with new courses added every month.\n\nWhat You Get\n\nAd-free access to all premium articles\n\nAccess to all courses: Learn Linux, AI for Linux, Bash Scripting, Ubuntu Handbook, Golang and more.\n\nAccess to Linux certifications (RHCSA, RHCE, LFCS and LFCA)\n\nAccess new courses on release\n\nGet access to weekly newsletter\n\nPriority help in comments\n\nPrivate Telegram community\n\nConnect with the Linux community\n\n[Join Root Plan →](https:\/\/pro.tecmint.com\/#\/portal\/signup) **\\$8\/mo** · or **\\$59\/yr** billed annually Cancel anytime\n\nPrevious article:\n\n[How to Fix “bash syntax error near unexpected token” in Linux](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-syntax-error-near-unexpected-token\/)\n\nNext article:\n\n[13 Practical Examples of Using the Gzip Command in Linux](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/gzip-command-in-linux\/)\n\n![Photo of author](https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3b060d6a6c8d6305817bda1435529b27f2d4f900a7998bd703a17094636601a9?s=100&d=blank&r=g)\n\nJames Kiarie\n\nThis is James, a certified Linux administrator and a tech enthusiast who loves keeping in touch with emerging trends in the tech world. When I'm not running commands on the terminal, I'm taking listening to some cool music. taking a casual stroll or watching a nice movie.\n\n***\n*Each tutorial at **TecMint** is created by a team of experienced Linux system administrators* so that it meets our high-quality *standards.*\n\nJoin the **[TecMint Weekly Newsletter](https:\/\/newsletter.tecmint.com\/subscription?f=hj6Ohm9gck3Z0PQ2BBBTh892iaCbDV3jJJa3hD8ULUlubOgnbo8aF44vt2HZfdc36g)** (More Than **156,129** Linux Enthusiasts Have Subscribed)\n\n**Was this article helpful?** Please **[add a comment](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#respond)** or **[buy me a coffee](https:\/\/www.buymeacoffee.com\/tecmint)** to show your appreciation.\n\n## Related Posts\n[![bash vs zsh vs fish](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/bash-vs-zsh-vs-fish.webp)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-vs-zsh-vs-fish\/ \"Terminal Showdown: Bash vs Zsh vs Fish for Power Users\")\n\n[Terminal Showdown: Bash vs Zsh vs Fish for Power Users](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-vs-zsh-vs-fish\/)\n\n[![Calculating Mathematical Expressions in Bash](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/bash-math-operations.webp)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/mathematical-operations-in-shell-scripting\/ \"Calculating Mathematical Expressions in Shell Scripting – Part 5\")\n\n[Calculating Mathematical Expressions in Shell Scripting – Part 5](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/mathematical-operations-in-shell-scripting\/)\n\n[![rbash - Restricted Bash Shell](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/rbash-restricted-bash-shell.webp)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/rbash-restricted-bash-shell\/ \"rbash – A Restricted Bash Shell Explained with Practical Examples\")\n\n[rbash – A Restricted Bash Shell Explained with Practical Examples](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/rbash-restricted-bash-shell\/)\n\n[![Learn Basic Mathematical Operations in Bash](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Basic-Mathematical-Operations-in-Bash.png)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/basic-mathematical-operations-in-bash\/ \"Learn Basic Mathematical Operations in Bash Scripting – Part IV\")\n\n[Learn Basic Mathematical Operations in Bash Scripting – Part IV](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/basic-mathematical-operations-in-bash\/)\n\n[![Learn Practical BASH Scripting](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Learn-Practical-BASH-Scripting.png)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/sailing-through-the-world-of-linux-bash-scripting-part-iii\/ \"Learn Practical BASH Scripting Projects – Part III\")\n\n[Learn Practical BASH Scripting Projects – Part III](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/sailing-through-the-world-of-linux-bash-scripting-part-iii\/)\n\n[![Linux Server Health Script](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Linux-Server-Health-Script.png)](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/basic-shell-programming-part-ii\/ \"5 Useful Shell Scripts for Linux Newbies – Part II\")\n\n[5 Useful Shell Scripts for Linux Newbies – Part II](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/basic-shell-programming-part-ii\/)\n\n## 1 Comment\n[Leave a Reply](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#reply-title)\n\n1. ![](https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bedda1d6bc2e4e08e89bed7647721ad647d429882c69661580954531576ae257?s=50&d=blank&r=g)\n   \n   Ian Williams\n   \n   [December 10, 2022 at 10:45 pm](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#comment-1927676)\n   \n   Please test your examples. The very first example you give does not do what you say it does. I print the curly brackets, which is not what you show.\n   \n   I’m going back to c++. At least that does what it says on the tin\\!\n   \n   [Reply](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#comment-1927676)\n### Got Something to Say? Join the Discussion... 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All Rights Reserved.\n\nThe material in this site cannot be republished either online or offline, without our permission.\n\nHosting Sponsored by : [Linode Cloud Hosting](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/go\/linode)\n\n✕\n\nPro TecMint Root Plan Premium Linux Education for Serious Learners\n\n### Before You Go - Upgrade Your Linux Skills\nRoot members get everything in one place, with new courses added every month.\n\nWhat You Get\n\nAd-free access to all premium articles\n\nAccess to all courses: Learn Linux, AI for Linux, Bash Scripting, Ubuntu Handbook, Golang and more.\n\nLinux certifications: RHCSA, RHCE, LFCS and LFCA\n\nAccess new courses on release\n\nWeekly newsletter, priority support & Telegram community\n\nJoin Root Today and Start Learning Linux the Right Way\n\nStructured courses, certification prep, and a community of Linux professionals - all in one membership.\n\n[Join Root Plan →](https:\/\/pro.tecmint.com\/#\/portal\/signup)\n\n**\\$8\/mo** · or **\\$59\/yr** billed annually\n\nNo thanks, I'll continue reading","attrs_readable_markdown":"In programming languages, **Loops** are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met.\n\nIn **Bash** scripting, **loops** play much the same role and are used to [automate repetitive tasks](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/using-shell-script-to-automate-linux-system-maintenance-tasks\/ \"Using Shell Scripting to Automate Linux System Tasks\") just like in programming languages.\n\nIn **Bash** scripting, there are 3 types of **loops**: **for loop**, **while loop**, and **until loop**. The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands.\n\nIn this guide, we will focus on the **Bash For Loop** in Linux.\n\nTable of Contents\n\n- [Bash For Loop Syntax](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_Syntax)\n- [Bash For Loop Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_Example)\n- [Bash For Loop with Ranges](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loop_with_Ranges)\n- [Bash For Loops with Arrays](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_For_Loops_with_Arrays)\n- [Bash C Style For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_C_Style_For_Loop)\n- [Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Bash_C-styled_For_Loops_With_Conditional_Statements)\n- [Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Use_the_%E2%80%98Continue_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop)\n- [Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Use_the_%E2%80%98break_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop)\n  - - - [Conclusion](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/bash-for-loop-linux\/#Conclusion)\n## Bash For Loop Syntax\nAs mentioned earlier, the **for loop** iterates over a range of values and executes a [set of Linux commands](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/essential-linux-commands\/ \"Essential Linux Commands\").\n\n**For loop** takes the following syntax:\n```\nfor variable_name in value1 value2 value3  .. n\ndo\n    command1\n    command2\n    commandn\ndone\n```\nLet us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop.\n\n## Bash For Loop Example\nIn its simplest form, the **for loop** takes the following basic format. In this example, the variable `n` iterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout.\n```\nfor n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Example.png)\n\nBash For Loop Example\n## Bash For Loop with Ranges\nIn the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the **for loop**, which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100.\n\nTo address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods.\n\nIn this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\nOnce the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in **simple loops**.\n\n![Bash For Loop with Ranges Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-with-Ranges-Example.png)\n\nBash For Loop with Ranges Example\n\nAdditionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the **for loop** to iterate through the values in incremental steps.\n\nThe following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor n in {1..7..2};\ndo\n   echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Incremented Values](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Incremented-Values.png)\n\nBash For Loop Incremented Values\n\nFrom the above example, you can see that the **loop** incremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values.\n\n## Bash For Loops with Arrays\nYou can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a **for Loop**. In the following example, the **for loop** iterates through all the values inside the **fruits array** and prints them to stdout.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[@]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Array Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loops-with-Arrays.png)\n\nBash For Loop Array Example\n\nThe `@` operator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one.\n\nIn addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array.\n\nFor example to access the “**mango**” element, replace the `@` operator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “**mango**” will be denoted by 2).\n\nThis is what the for loop looks like.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfruits=(\"blueberry\" \"peach\" \"mango\" \"pineapple\" \"papaya\") \n\nfor n in ${fruits[2]}; \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loops with Array Elements](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loops-with-Elements.png)\n\nBash For Loops with Array Elements\n## Bash C Style For Loop\nYou can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where **C-styled for loops** come in. The following example illustrates a **C-style for loop** that prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nn=7\nfor (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); \ndo\n    echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash C-styled For Loops Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Example.png)\n\nBash C-styled For Loops Example\n## Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements\nYou can include conditional statements inside **C-styled for loops**. In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor (( n=1; n<=7; n++ ))\ndo  \n    # Check if the number is even or not\n    if (( $n%2==0 ))\n    then\n        echo \"$n is even\"\n    else\n        echo \"$n is odd\"\n    fi  \ndone\n```\n![Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Conditional-Statements.png)\n\nBash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example\n## Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe ‘**continue**‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as [Python](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/install-python-in-linux\/ \"Install Python from Source in Linux\") and Java.\n\nThe **continue statement** halts the current iteration inside a **loop** when a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration.\n\nConsider the **for loop** shown below.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n              echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n              continue\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\n```\n![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement.png)\n\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Example\n\nThis is what the code does:\n\n- **Line 2**: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\n- **Line 4**: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2.\n- **Line 9**: Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\n\nThe following is the expected output after running the script.\n\n![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement-Output.png)\n\nBash For Loop Continue Statement Output\n## Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop\nThe **‘break’** statement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met.\n\nConsider the **For loop** below.\n```\n#!\/bin\/bash\nfor n in {1..10}\ndo\n        if [[ $n -eq '6' ]]\n        then\n                echo \"Target $n has been reached\"\n                break\n        fi\n        echo $n\ndone\necho \"All done\"\n```\n![Bash For Loop Break Statement](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement.png)\n\nBash For Loop Break Statement\n\nThis is what the code does:\n\n- **Line 2**: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10.\n- **Line 4**: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration.\n- **Line 9**: Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false.\n\nFrom the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop.\n\n![Bash For Loop Break Statement Output](https:\/\/www.tecmint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement-Output.png)\n\nBash For Loop Break Statement Output\n##### Conclusion\nThat was a tutorial about **Bash For loops**. We hope you found this insightful. Feel free to weigh in with your feedback.","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	In programming languages, Loops are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met. In Bash scripting, loops play much the same role and are used to automate repetitive tasks just like in programming languages. In Bash scripting, there are 3 types of loops : for loop , while loop , and until loop . The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands. In this guide, we will focus on the Bash For Loop in Linux. Table of Contents Bash For Loop Syntax Bash For Loop Example Bash For Loop with Ranges Bash For Loops with Arrays Bash C Style For Loop Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop Conclusion Bash For Loop Syntax As mentioned earlier, the for loop iterates over a range of values and executes a set of Linux commands . For loop takes the following syntax: for variable_name in value1 value2 value3 .. n do command1 command2 commandn done Let us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop. Bash For Loop Example In its simplest form, the for loop takes the following basic format. In this example, the variable n iterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout. for n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7}; do echo $n done Bash For Loop Example Bash For Loop with Ranges In the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the for loop , which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100. To address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods. In this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range. #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7}; do echo $n done Once the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in simple loops . Bash For Loop with Ranges Example Additionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the for loop to iterate through the values in incremental steps. The following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value. #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7..2}; do echo $n done Bash For Loop Incremented Values From the above example, you can see that the loop incremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values. Bash For Loops with Arrays You can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a for Loop . In the following example, the for loop iterates through all the values inside the fruits array and prints them to stdout. #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[@]}; do echo $n done Bash For Loop Array Example The @ operator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one. In addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array. For example to access the “ mango ” element, replace the @ operator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “ mango ” will be denoted by 2). This is what the for loop looks like. #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[2]}; do echo $n done Bash For Loops with Array Elements Bash C Style For Loop You can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where C-styled for loops come in. The following example illustrates a C-style for loop that prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7. #!/bin/bash n=7 for (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); do echo $n done Bash C-styled For Loops Example Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements You can include conditional statements inside C-styled for loops . In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7. #!/bin/bash for (( n=1; n<=7; n++ )) do # Check if the number is even or not if (( $n%2==0 )) then echo "$n is even" else echo "$n is odd" fi done Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘ continue ‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as Python and Java. The continue statement halts the current iteration inside a loop when a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration. Consider the for loop shown below. #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" continue fi echo $n done Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example This is what the code does: Line 2 : Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. Line 4 : Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2. Line 9 : Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. The following is the expected output after running the script. Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘break’ statement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met. Consider the For loop below. #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" break fi echo $n done echo "All done" Bash For Loop Break Statement This is what the code does: Line 2 : Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. Line 4 : Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration. Line 9 : Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. From the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop. Bash For Loop Break Statement Output Conclusion That was a tutorial about Bash For loops . We hope you found this insightful. Feel free to weigh in with your feedback.
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Access to Linux certifications (RHCSA, RHCE, LFCS and LFCA) Access new courses on release Get access to weekly newsletter Priority help in comments Private Telegram community Connect with the Linux community From \$8/mo · or \$59/yr billed annually · Cancel anytime In programming languages, Loops are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met. In Bash scripting, loops play much the same role and are used to [automate repetitive tasks](https://www.tecmint.com/using-shell-script-to-automate-linux-system-maintenance-tasks/ "Using Shell Scripting to Automate Linux System Tasks") just like in programming languages. In Bash scripting, there are 3 types of loops: for loop, while loop, and until loop. The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands. In this guide, we will focus on the Bash For Loop in Linux. Table of Contents Toggle - [Bash For Loop Syntax](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_Syntax) - [Bash For Loop Example](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_Example) - [Bash For Loop with Ranges](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_with_Ranges) - [Bash For Loops with Arrays](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loops_with_Arrays) - [Bash C Style For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_C_Style_For_Loop) - [Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_C-styled_For_Loops_With_Conditional_Statements) - [Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Use_the_%E2%80%98Continue_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop) - [Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Use_the_%E2%80%98break_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop) - - - [Conclusion](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Conclusion) ## Bash For Loop Syntax As mentioned earlier, the for loop iterates over a range of values and executes a [set of Linux commands](https://www.tecmint.com/essential-linux-commands/ "Essential Linux Commands"). For loop takes the following syntax: ``` for variable_name in value1 value2 value3 .. n do command1 command2 commandn done ``` Let us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop. ## Bash For Loop Example In its simplest form, the for loop takes the following basic format. In this example, the variable `n` iterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout. ``` for n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Example.png) Bash For Loop Example ## Bash For Loop with Ranges In the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the for loop, which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100. To address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods. In this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7}; do echo $n done ``` Once the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in simple loops. ![Bash For Loop with Ranges Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-with-Ranges-Example.png) Bash For Loop with Ranges Example Additionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the for loop to iterate through the values in incremental steps. The following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7..2}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Incremented Values](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Incremented-Values.png) Bash For Loop Incremented Values From the above example, you can see that the loop incremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values. ## Bash For Loops with Arrays You can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a for Loop. In the following example, the for loop iterates through all the values inside the fruits array and prints them to stdout. ``` #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[@]}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Array Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loops-with-Arrays.png) Bash For Loop Array Example The `@` operator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one. In addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array. For example to access the “mango” element, replace the `@` operator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “mango” will be denoted by 2). This is what the for loop looks like. ``` #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[2]}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loops with Array Elements](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loops-with-Elements.png) Bash For Loops with Array Elements ## Bash C Style For Loop You can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where C-styled for loops come in. The following example illustrates a C-style for loop that prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7. ``` #!/bin/bash n=7 for (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); do echo $n done ``` ![Bash C-styled For Loops Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Example.png) Bash C-styled For Loops Example ## Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements You can include conditional statements inside C-styled for loops. In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7. ``` #!/bin/bash for (( n=1; n<=7; n++ )) do # Check if the number is even or not if (( $n%2==0 )) then echo "$n is even" else echo "$n is odd" fi done ``` ![Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Conditional-Statements.png) Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example ## Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘continue‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as [Python](https://www.tecmint.com/install-python-in-linux/ "Install Python from Source in Linux") and Java. The continue statement halts the current iteration inside a loop when a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration. Consider the for loop shown below. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" continue fi echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement.png) Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example This is what the code does: - Line 2: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. - Line 4: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2. - Line 9: Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. The following is the expected output after running the script. ![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement-Output.png) Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output ## Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘break’ statement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met. Consider the For loop below. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" break fi echo $n done echo "All done" ``` ![Bash For Loop Break Statement](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement.png) Bash For Loop Break Statement This is what the code does: - Line 2: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. - Line 4: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration. - Line 9: Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. From the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop. ![Bash For Loop Break Statement Output](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement-Output.png) Bash For Loop Break Statement Output ##### Conclusion That was a tutorial about Bash For loops. 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The very first example you give does not do what you say it does. I print the curly brackets, which is not what you show. I’m going back to c++. At least that does what it says on the tin\! [Reply](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#comment-1927676) ### Got Something to Say? Join the Discussion... [Cancel reply](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#respond) Pro TecMint · Root Plan ### Take Your Linux Skills to the Next Level Root members get full access to every course, certification prep track, and a growing library of hands-on Linux content — with new courses added every month. What You Get Ad-free access to all premium articles Access to all courses: Learn Linux, AI for Linux, Bash Scripting, Ubuntu Handbook, Golang and more. 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Readable Markdown	In programming languages, Loops are essential components and are used when you want to repeat code over and over again until a specified condition is met. In Bash scripting, loops play much the same role and are used to [automate repetitive tasks](https://www.tecmint.com/using-shell-script-to-automate-linux-system-maintenance-tasks/ "Using Shell Scripting to Automate Linux System Tasks") just like in programming languages. In Bash scripting, there are 3 types of loops: for loop, while loop, and until loop. The three are used to iterate over a list of values and perform a given set of commands. In this guide, we will focus on the Bash For Loop in Linux. Table of Contents - [Bash For Loop Syntax](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_Syntax) - [Bash For Loop Example](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_Example) - [Bash For Loop with Ranges](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loop_with_Ranges) - [Bash For Loops with Arrays](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_For_Loops_with_Arrays) - [Bash C Style For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_C_Style_For_Loop) - [Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Bash_C-styled_For_Loops_With_Conditional_Statements) - [Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Use_the_%E2%80%98Continue_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop) - [Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Use_the_%E2%80%98break_statement_with_Bash_For_Loop) - - - [Conclusion](https://www.tecmint.com/bash-for-loop-linux/#Conclusion) ## Bash For Loop Syntax As mentioned earlier, the for loop iterates over a range of values and executes a [set of Linux commands](https://www.tecmint.com/essential-linux-commands/ "Essential Linux Commands"). For loop takes the following syntax: ``` for variable_name in value1 value2 value3 .. n do command1 command2 commandn done ``` Let us now check a few example usages of the bash for loop. ## Bash For Loop Example In its simplest form, the for loop takes the following basic format. In this example, the variable `n` iterates over a group of numerical values enclosed in curly braces and prints out their values to stdout. ``` for n in {1 2 3 4 5 6 7}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Example.png) Bash For Loop Example ## Bash For Loop with Ranges In the previous examples, we explicitly listed the values to be iterated by the for loop, which works just fine. However, you can only imagine how cumbersome and time-consuming a task it would be if you were to iterate over, for example, a hundred values. This would compel you to type all the values from 1 to 100. To address this issue, specify a range. To do so, specify the number to start and stop separated by two periods. In this example, 1 is the first value whilst 7 is the last value in the range. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7}; do echo $n done ``` Once the shell script is executed, all the values in the range are listed, similar to what we had in simple loops. ![Bash For Loop with Ranges Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-with-Ranges-Example.png) Bash For Loop with Ranges Example Additionally, we can include a value at the end of the range that is going to cause the for loop to iterate through the values in incremental steps. The following bash script prints the values between 1 and 7 with 2 incremental steps between the values starting from the first value. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..7..2}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Incremented Values](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Incremented-Values.png) Bash For Loop Incremented Values From the above example, you can see that the loop incremented the values inside the curly braces by 2 values. ## Bash For Loops with Arrays You can also easily iterate through values defined in an array using a for Loop. In the following example, the for loop iterates through all the values inside the fruits array and prints them to stdout. ``` #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[@]}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Array Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loops-with-Arrays.png) Bash For Loop Array Example The `@` operator accesses or targets all the elements. This makes it possible to iterate over all the elements one by one. In addition, you can access a single element by specifying its position within the array. For example to access the “mango” element, replace the `@` operator with the position of the element in the array (the first element starts at 0, so in this case, “mango” will be denoted by 2). This is what the for loop looks like. ``` #!/bin/bash fruits=("blueberry" "peach" "mango" "pineapple" "papaya") for n in ${fruits[2]}; do echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loops with Array Elements](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loops-with-Elements.png) Bash For Loops with Array Elements ## Bash C Style For Loop You can use variables inside loops to iterate over a range of elements. This is where C-styled for loops come in. The following example illustrates a C-style for loop that prints out a list of numerical values from 1 to 7. ``` #!/bin/bash n=7 for (( n=1 ; n<=$n ; n++ )); do echo $n done ``` ![Bash C-styled For Loops Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Example.png) Bash C-styled For Loops Example ## Bash C-styled For Loops With Conditional Statements You can include conditional statements inside C-styled for loops. In the following example, we have included an if-else statement that checks and prints out even and odd numbers between 1 and 7. ``` #!/bin/bash for (( n=1; n<=7; n++ )) do # Check if the number is even or not if (( $n%2==0 )) then echo "$n is even" else echo "$n is odd" fi done ``` ![Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-C-styled-For-Loops-Conditional-Statements.png) Bash C-styled For Loops Conditional Statements Example ## Use the ‘Continue’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘continue‘ statement is a built-in command that controls how a script runs. Apart from bash scripting, it is also used in programming languages such as [Python](https://www.tecmint.com/install-python-in-linux/ "Install Python from Source in Linux") and Java. The continue statement halts the current iteration inside a loop when a specific condition is met, and then resumes the iteration. Consider the for loop shown below. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" continue fi echo $n done ``` ![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement.png) Bash For Loop Continue Statement Example This is what the code does: - Line 2: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. - Line 4: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and restarts the loop at the next iteration in line 2. - Line 9: Prints the values to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. The following is the expected output after running the script. ![Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Continue-Statement-Output.png) Bash For Loop Continue Statement Output ## Use the ‘break’ statement with Bash For Loop The ‘break’ statement, as the name suggests, halts or ends the iteration when a condition is met. Consider the For loop below. ``` #!/bin/bash for n in {1..10} do if [[ $n -eq '6' ]] then echo "Target $n has been reached" break fi echo $n done echo "All done" ``` ![Bash For Loop Break Statement](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement.png) Bash For Loop Break Statement This is what the code does: - Line 2: Marks the beginning of the for loop and iterate the variable n from 1 to 10. - Line 4: Checks the value of n and if the variable is equal to 6, the script echoes a message to stdout and halts the iteration. - Line 9: Prints the numbers to the screen only if the condition in line 4 is false. From the output, you can see that the loop stops once the variable meets the condition of the loop. ![Bash For Loop Break Statement Output](https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Bash-For-Loop-Break-Statement-Output.png) Bash For Loop Break Statement Output ##### Conclusion That was a tutorial about Bash For loops. We hope you found this insightful. Feel free to weigh in with your feedback.
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