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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 95 (from laksa161)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa095.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks","crawl_time":1775690158,"first_indexed_time":1620947029,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,sleepfoundation!www,\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks s443","src_root_hash":"1916647574837971495","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Hypnic Jerk: Why You Twitch When You Sleep","meta_descriptions":["Hypnic jerks are sudden, involuntary muscle contractions as you’re falling asleep or while you’re sleeping. Learn what can cause them and how to prevent them."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Key Takeaways\nHypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation.\nDoctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\nWhile they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use.\nEver feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest.\nPeople twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep.\nIn some cases, twitching may be related to specific\nsleep disorders\nor neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process.\nWhat Is a Hypnic Jerk?\nA hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling.\nWhat Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like?\nHypnic jerks are a\ntype of myoclonus\n, which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report:\nExperiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession\nFeeling like they’re falling\nSeeing\nflashing or blinding lights\nHearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds\nOther sensations or mental imagery, such as a\ndream\nor hallucination\nHypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of\nfalling asleep\n. Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might.\nHypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and\nelevated stress levels\n, are also more common in adulthood.\nOther Causes of Twitching While Sleeping\nNot all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep:\nRestless Leg Syndrome (RLS)\nRestless leg syndrome\ncauses uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep.\nPeriodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS)\nPLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS.\nSleep Myoclonus\nThis refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body.\nFasciculation\nFasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids.\nResearchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\nFor example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them.\nCertain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including:\nStimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine\nStimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee\nsix hours before bed\nstill had trouble falling asleep.\nVigorous Exercise at Night\nIn general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to\nimprove sleep quality\n. However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks.\nSleep Deprivation\nTrouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to\nsleep deprivation\n. Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks.\nStress and Anxiety\nBoth\neveryday stress\nand\ndiagnosed anxiety disorders\ncan contribute to\ninsomnia\n, which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful.\nAnxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop\nanxiety\naround sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks.\nSay Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep,\u2028as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\nHypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger.\nIn rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue.\nBabies Twitching in Their Sleep\nIt’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face.\nIf the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician.\nWhen to See a Doctor\nIf you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions. \nIf you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of\nperiodic limb movement disorder\n. If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor.\nHypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques.\nBe aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor.\nAdopt Better Sleep Habits\nImproving your\nsleep hygiene\ncan make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include:\nGoing to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends\nSetting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit\nMaking your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed\nStopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed\nFollowing a nightly bedtime routine\nReduce Your Stress\nReducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore\nrelaxation techniques\nlike meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist.\nExercise Daily\nExercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also\nhelp relieve stress\n. If you prefer a\nvigorous workout\n, schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks.\nMinimize Your Caffeine Consumption\nCaffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime.\nAvoid Nicotine and Alcohol\nNicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also\ndisrupt your sleep architecture\n, leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks.\nFrequently Asked Questions\nCan a hypnic jerk wake you up?\nYes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing.\nCan you die from hypnic jerks?\nNo, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people.\nWhat drugs can cause hypnic jerks?\nStimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable.\nStill have questions? Ask our community!\nJoin our\nSleep Care Community\n— a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#post_content)\n\n[![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n\n![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)\n\n![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)\n\nSLEEP PRODUCTS\n\n- Mattresses\n  Mattresses\n  \n  - [All Mattresses](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - [Best Mattress of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - Best of\n    - [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers)\n    - [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-back-pain)\n    - [Best Mattress for Hip Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-hip-pain)\n    - 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Products or services may be offered by an affiliated entity. [Learn more.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/advertising-disclosure)\n\n[\/](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)  [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders) \/ [Parasomnias](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias)\n\n![Main Intro Section Image](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Header-Image-1.svg)\n\n# Hypnic Jerk: Why You Twitch When You Sleep\nUpdated July 25, 2025\n\nWritten by Jay Vera Summer\n\n![Jay Vera Summer](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jay-vera-summer-2025-profile-photo-150x150.jpg)\n\nJay Vera Summer\n\nContributing Writer\n\nJay Vera Summer is a writer, editor, and wellness coach. She holds a Bachelor's of Science in psychology and Master's degrees in both writing and public policy.\n\n[Read Full Bio](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#jay_vera_summer)\n\nWant to read more about all our experts in the field?\n\n[Learn About The Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n\\| Medically Reviewed by John DeBanto, MD\n\n![John DeBanto, MD](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/John_DeBantos-150x150.jpeg)\n\nJohn DeBanto, MD\n\nInternal Medicine Physician\n\nDr. John DeBanto has been a medical doctor and gastroenterologist for over 20 years. He is board certified in both internal medicine and gastroenterology. He is also a Fellow with the American College of Gastroenterology, serving on the patient care committee. He enjoys educating his patients on nutrition, cancer screening, and weight issues, as he is acutely aware of how obesity can lead to significant morbidity and in particular sleep apnea, fatty liver, cancer, and cardiac issues.\n\n[Read Full Bio](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#john_debanto,_md)\n\nWant to read more about all our experts in the field?\n\n[Learn About The Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n- [Why Do People Twitch in Their Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#Why-Do-People-Twitch-in-Their-Sleep)\n- [What Causes Hypnic Jerks?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#h-what-causes-hypnic-jerks)\n- [Are Hypnic Jerks Normal?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#are-hypnic-jerks-normal)\n- [How to Stop Hypnic Jerks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#how-to-stop-hypnic-jerks)\n\nKey Takeaways\n\n- Hypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation.\n- Doctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\n- While they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use.\n\nEver feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest.\n\n## **Why Do People Twitch in Their Sleep?**\nPeople twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep.\n\nIn some cases, twitching may be related to specific [sleep disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders) or neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process.\n\n### What Is a Hypnic Jerk?\nA hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling.\n\n### What Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like?\nHypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-187337) , which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report:\n\n- Experiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession\n- Feeling like they’re falling\n- Seeing flashing or blinding lights [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-80928)\n- Hearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds\n- Other sensations or mental imagery, such as a [dream](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/dreams) or hallucination\n\nHypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of [falling asleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/what-happens-when-you-sleep). Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might.\n\nHypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and [elevated stress levels](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/stress-and-insomnia), are also more common in adulthood.\n\n### Other Causes of Twitching While Sleeping\nNot all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep:\n\n#### Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)\n[Restless leg syndrome](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/restless-legs-syndrome) causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep.\n\n#### Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS)\nPLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS.\n\n#### Sleep Myoclonus\nThis refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body.\n\n#### Fasciculation\nFasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids.\n\n## What Causes Hypnic Jerks?\nResearchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\n\nFor example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them.\n\nCertain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including:\n\n### Stimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine\nStimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee six hours before bed [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM)JCSM is the official, peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-119561) still had trouble falling asleep.\n\n### Vigorous Exercise at Night\nIn general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to improve sleep quality [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) Advances in Preventive Medicine[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-83387) . However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks.\n\n### Sleep Deprivation\nTrouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to [sleep deprivation](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-deprivation). Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks.\n\n### Stress and Anxiety\nBoth everyday stress [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-78559) and diagnosed anxiety disorders [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-80488) can contribute to [insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia), which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful.\n\nAnxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop [anxiety](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mental-health\/anxiety-and-sleep) around sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks.\n\n## Say Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Email-Capture-Icon.svg)\n## **Are Hypnic Jerks Normal?**\nHypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger.\n\nIn rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue.\n\n### Babies Twitching in Their Sleep\nIt’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face.\n\nIf the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician.\n\n### When to See a Doctor\nIf you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions.\n\nIf you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of [periodic limb movement disorder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/periodic-limb-movement-disorder). If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor.\n\n## How to Stop Hypnic Jerks\n![Tips to Prevent Hypnic Jerks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Prevent-Hypnic-Jerks-1024x819.png)\n\nHypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques.\n\nBe aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor.\n\n### Adopt Better Sleep Habits\nImproving your [sleep hygiene](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene) can make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include:\n\n- Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends\n- Setting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit\n- Making your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed\n- Stopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed\n- Following a nightly bedtime routine\n### Reduce Your Stress\nReducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore [relaxation techniques](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene\/relaxation-exercises-to-help-fall-asleep) like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist.\n\n### Exercise Daily\nExercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also help relieve stress [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-80763) . If you prefer a vigorous workout [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-83337) , schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks.\n\n### Minimize Your Caffeine Consumption\nCaffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime.\n\n### Avoid Nicotine and Alcohol\nNicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also disrupt your sleep architecture [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks#references-80177) , leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks.\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n### Can a hypnic jerk wake you up?\nYes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing.\n\n### Can you die from hypnic jerks?\nNo, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people.\n\n### What drugs can cause hypnic jerks?\nStimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/themes\/onecaremedia-child\/assets\/images\/sf-question-bubble.svg)\n\n### Still have questions? Ask our community\\!\nJoin our [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.\n\n[About Our Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n![Jay Vera Summer](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jay-vera-summer-2025-profile-photo-150x150.jpg)\n\nWritten By\n\n### Jay Vera Summer,  Contributing Writer\n\nJay Vera Summer is a writer, editor, and wellness coach. She holds a Bachelor's of Science in psychology and Master's degrees in both writing and public policy.\n\n![John DeBanto, MD](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/John_DeBantos-150x150.jpeg)\n\nMedically Reviewed by\n\n### John DeBanto, MD,  Internal Medicine Physician\n\nDr. John DeBanto has been a medical doctor and gastroenterologist for over 20 years. He is board certified in both internal medicine and gastroenterology. He is also a Fellow with the American College of Gastroenterology, serving on the patient care committee. He enjoys educating his patients on nutrition, cancer screening, and weight issues, as he is acutely aware of how obesity can lead to significant morbidity and in particular sleep apnea, fatty liver, cancer, and cardiac issues.\n\n[Learn more about our Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#team)\n\n## References 9 Sources\n1. Ibrahim, W., Zafar, N., & Sharma, S. (2022, August). Myoclonus. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.\n   <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537015\/>\n2. Sathe, H., Karia, S., Desousa, A., & Shah, N. (2015). Hypnic jerks possibly induced by escitalopram. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 6(3), 423–424.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26167034\/>\n3. Drake, C., Roehrs, T., Shambroom, J., & Roth, T. (2013). Caffeine effects on sleep taken 0, 3, or 6 hours before going to bed. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 9(11), 1195–1200.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24235903\/>\n4. Dolezal, B. A., Neufeld, E. V., Boland, D. M., Martin, J. L., & Cooper, C. B. (2017). Interrelationship between sleep and exercise: A systematic review. Advances in Preventive Medicine, 2017,\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28458924\/>\n5. Basta, M., Chrousos, G. P., Vela-Bueno, A., & Vgontzas, A. N. (2007). CHRONIC INSOMNIA AND STRESS SYSTEM. Sleep medicine clinics, 2(2), 279–291.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18071579\/>\n6. Staner, L. (2003). Sleep and anxiety disorders. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 5(3), 249–258.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22033804\/>\n7. Childs, E., & de Wit, H. (2014). Regular exercise is associated with emotional resilience to acute stress in healthy adults. Frontiers in Physiology, 5, 161.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24822048\/>\n8. Myllymäki, T., Kyröläinen, H., Savolainen, K., Hokka, L., Jakonen, R., Juuti, T., Martinmäki, K., Kaartinen, J., Kinnunen, M. L., & Rusko, H. (2011). Effects of vigorous late-night exercise on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic activity. Journal of Sleep Research, 20(1 Pt 2), 146–153.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20673290\/>\n9. Stein, M. D., & Friedmann, P. D. (2006). Disturbed sleep and its relationship to alcohol use. Substance Abuse, 26(1), 1–13.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16492658\/>\n\n## Learn More About Parasomnias\n[![Night Terrors (Sleep Terrors)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/night-terrors-300x200.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/night-terrors)\n\n[Night Terrors (Sleep Terrors)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/night-terrors)\n\nBy Jay Vera Summer  October 9, 2025\n***\n\n[![Man waking up and holding head in frustration](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Sexsomnia-What-to-Know-About-Sleep-Sex-300x192.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/sexsomnia)\n\n[Sexsomnia: What to Know About Sleep Sex](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/sexsomnia)\n\nBy Jay Vera Summer  September 3, 2025\n***\n\n[![Sleepwalking: What Is 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[Cataplexy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/physical-health\/cataplexy)   [Narcolepsy Medications](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/narcolepsy\/treatments)   [Narcolepsy Test](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/narcolepsy\/diagnosis)\n\n### Sleep Solutions\n[Best Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)   [Weighted Blanket Reviews](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-weighted-blankets)   [Melatonin and Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/melatonin)   [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-back-pain)   [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers)\n\n### Sleep Apnea\n[Learn About Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea)   [Central Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/central-sleep-apnea)   [Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/obstructive-sleep-apnea)   [Children and Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/children-and-sleep-apnea)   [Link Between Sleep Apnea and Heart Disease](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/sleep-apnea-linked-heart-disease)\n\n[![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo-footer.svg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n\n**Sleep Foundation** and **SleepFoundation.org** are not affiliated with the National Sleep Foundation, an independent nonprofit based in Washington, DC.\n\nThe content on this website is for informational purposes only. SleepFoundation.org does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment options.\n\nSleep Information\n\n- [Sleep Products](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-solutions)\n- [Sleep Health](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-topics)\n- [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders)\n- [Sleep News](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-news)\n\nSleep Foundation\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/contact)\n- [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n- [How We Review Products](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/research-methodology)\n\nSleep Profile\n\nYour daily habits and environment can significantly impact the quality of your sleep. Take the Sleep Quiz to help inform your sleep improvement journey.\n\n[Take the Quiz](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-quiz)\n### Explore Sleep Foundation\n\n- [Editorial Policy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy)\n- [Advertising Disclosure](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/advertising-disclosure)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/privacy-policy)\n- [Terms & Conditions](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/terms-of-use)\n- [Accessibility Statement](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/accessibility-statement)\n- [Your Privacy Choices](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/hypnic-jerks)\n\n© 2026 [Sleep Doctor Holdings](https:\/\/corporate.sleepdoctor.com\/), LLC. All rights reserved.","attrs_readable_markdown":"Key Takeaways\n\n- Hypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation.\n- Doctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\n- While they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use.\n\nEver feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest.\n\nPeople twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep.\n\nIn some cases, twitching may be related to specific [sleep disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders) or neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process.\n\n### What Is a Hypnic Jerk?\nA hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling.\n\n### What Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like?\nHypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus , which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report:\n\n- Experiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession\n- Feeling like they’re falling\n- Seeing flashing or blinding lights\n- Hearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds\n- Other sensations or mental imagery, such as a [dream](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/dreams) or hallucination\n\nHypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of [falling asleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/what-happens-when-you-sleep). Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might.\n\nHypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and [elevated stress levels](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/stress-and-insomnia), are also more common in adulthood.\n\n### Other Causes of Twitching While Sleeping\nNot all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep:\n\n#### Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)\n[Restless leg syndrome](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/restless-legs-syndrome) causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep.\n\n#### Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS)\nPLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS.\n\n#### Sleep Myoclonus\nThis refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body.\n\n#### Fasciculation\nFasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids.\n\nResearchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk.\n\nFor example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them.\n\nCertain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including:\n\n### Stimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine\nStimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee six hours before bed still had trouble falling asleep.\n\n### Vigorous Exercise at Night\nIn general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to improve sleep quality . However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks.\n\n### Sleep Deprivation\nTrouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to [sleep deprivation](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-deprivation). Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks.\n\n### Stress and Anxiety\nBoth everyday stress and diagnosed anxiety disorders can contribute to [insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia), which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful.\n\nAnxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop [anxiety](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mental-health\/anxiety-and-sleep) around sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks.\n\n## Say Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Email-Capture-Icon.svg)\n\nHypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger.\n\nIn rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue.\n\n### Babies Twitching in Their Sleep\nIt’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face.\n\nIf the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician.\n\n### When to See a Doctor\nIf you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions.\n\nIf you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of [periodic limb movement disorder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/periodic-limb-movement-disorder). If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor.\n\n![Tips to Prevent Hypnic Jerks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Prevent-Hypnic-Jerks-1024x819.png)\n\nHypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques.\n\nBe aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor.\n\n### Adopt Better Sleep Habits\nImproving your [sleep hygiene](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene) can make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include:\n\n- Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends\n- Setting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit\n- Making your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed\n- Stopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed\n- Following a nightly bedtime routine\n### Reduce Your Stress\nReducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore [relaxation techniques](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene\/relaxation-exercises-to-help-fall-asleep) like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist.\n\n### Exercise Daily\nExercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also help relieve stress . If you prefer a vigorous workout , schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks.\n\n### Minimize Your Caffeine Consumption\nCaffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime.\n\n### Avoid Nicotine and Alcohol\nNicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also disrupt your sleep architecture , leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks.\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n### Can a hypnic jerk wake you up?\nYes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing.\n\n### Can you die from hypnic jerks?\nNo, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people.\n\n### What drugs can cause hypnic jerks?\nStimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/themes\/onecaremedia-child\/assets\/images\/sf-question-bubble.svg)\n\n### Still have questions? Ask our community\\!\nJoin our [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Title	Hypnic Jerk: Why You Twitch When You Sleep
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Boilerpipe Text	Key Takeaways Hypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation. Doctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. While they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use. Ever feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest. People twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep. In some cases, twitching may be related to specific sleep disorders or neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process. What Is a Hypnic Jerk? A hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling. What Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like? Hypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus , which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report: Experiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession Feeling like they’re falling Seeing flashing or blinding lights Hearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds Other sensations or mental imagery, such as a dream or hallucination Hypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of falling asleep . Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might. Hypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and elevated stress levels , are also more common in adulthood. Other Causes of Twitching While Sleeping Not all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep: Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) Restless leg syndrome causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep. Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) PLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS. Sleep Myoclonus This refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body. Fasciculation Fasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids. Researchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. For example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them. Certain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including: Stimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee six hours before bed still had trouble falling asleep. Vigorous Exercise at Night In general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to improve sleep quality . However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks. Sleep Deprivation Trouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to sleep deprivation . Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks. Stress and Anxiety Both everyday stress and diagnosed anxiety disorders can contribute to insomnia , which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful. Anxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop anxiety around sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks. Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. Hypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger. In rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue. Babies Twitching in Their Sleep It’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face. If the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician. When to See a Doctor If you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions. If you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of periodic limb movement disorder . If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor. Hypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques. Be aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor. Adopt Better Sleep Habits Improving your sleep hygiene can make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include: Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends Setting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit Making your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed Stopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed Following a nightly bedtime routine Reduce Your Stress Reducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore relaxation techniques like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist. Exercise Daily Exercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also help relieve stress . If you prefer a vigorous workout , schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Minimize Your Caffeine Consumption Caffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime. Avoid Nicotine and Alcohol Nicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also disrupt your sleep architecture , leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks. Frequently Asked Questions Can a hypnic jerk wake you up? Yes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing. Can you die from hypnic jerks? No, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people. What drugs can cause hypnic jerks? Stimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable. Still have questions? Ask our community! Join our Sleep Care Community — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.
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Products or services may be offered by an affiliated entity. [Learn more.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/advertising-disclosure) [/](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/) [Sleep Disorders](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders) / [Parasomnias](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias) ![Main Intro Section Image](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Header-Image-1.svg) # Hypnic Jerk: Why You Twitch When You Sleep Updated July 25, 2025 Written by Jay Vera Summer ![Jay Vera Summer](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jay-vera-summer-2025-profile-photo-150x150.jpg) Jay Vera Summer Contributing Writer Jay Vera Summer is a writer, editor, and wellness coach. She holds a Bachelor's of Science in psychology and Master's degrees in both writing and public policy. [Read Full Bio](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#jay_vera_summer) Want to read more about all our experts in the field? [Learn About The Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) \\| Medically Reviewed by John DeBanto, MD ![John DeBanto, MD](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/John_DeBantos-150x150.jpeg) John DeBanto, MD Internal Medicine Physician Dr. John DeBanto has been a medical doctor and gastroenterologist for over 20 years. He is board certified in both internal medicine and gastroenterology. He is also a Fellow with the American College of Gastroenterology, serving on the patient care committee. He enjoys educating his patients on nutrition, cancer screening, and weight issues, as he is acutely aware of how obesity can lead to significant morbidity and in particular sleep apnea, fatty liver, cancer, and cardiac issues. [Read Full Bio](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#john_debanto,_md) Want to read more about all our experts in the field? [Learn About The Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) - [Why Do People Twitch in Their Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#Why-Do-People-Twitch-in-Their-Sleep) - [What Causes Hypnic Jerks?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#h-what-causes-hypnic-jerks) - [Are Hypnic Jerks Normal?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#are-hypnic-jerks-normal) - [How to Stop Hypnic Jerks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#how-to-stop-hypnic-jerks) Key Takeaways - Hypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation. - Doctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. - While they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use. Ever feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest. ## Why Do People Twitch in Their Sleep? People twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep. In some cases, twitching may be related to specific [sleep disorders](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders) or neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process. ### What Is a Hypnic Jerk? A hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling. ### What Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like? Hypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-187337) , which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report: - Experiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession - Feeling like they’re falling - Seeing flashing or blinding lights [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-80928) - Hearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds - Other sensations or mental imagery, such as a [dream](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/dreams) or hallucination Hypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of [falling asleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/what-happens-when-you-sleep). Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might. Hypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and [elevated stress levels](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/stress-and-insomnia), are also more common in adulthood. ### Other Causes of Twitching While Sleeping Not all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep: #### Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) [Restless leg syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/restless-legs-syndrome) causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep. #### Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) PLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS. #### Sleep Myoclonus This refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body. #### Fasciculation Fasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids. ## What Causes Hypnic Jerks? Researchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. For example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them. Certain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including: ### Stimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee six hours before bed [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM)JCSM is the official, peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-119561) still had trouble falling asleep. ### Vigorous Exercise at Night In general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to improve sleep quality [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) Advances in Preventive Medicine[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-83387) . However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks. ### Sleep Deprivation Trouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to [sleep deprivation](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-deprivation). Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks. ### Stress and Anxiety Both everyday stress [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-78559) and diagnosed anxiety disorders [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-80488) can contribute to [insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia), which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful. Anxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop [anxiety](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mental-health/anxiety-and-sleep) around sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks. ## Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Email-Capture-Icon.svg) ## Are Hypnic Jerks Normal? Hypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger. In rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue. ### Babies Twitching in Their Sleep It’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face. If the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician. ### When to See a Doctor If you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions. If you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of [periodic limb movement disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/periodic-limb-movement-disorder). If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor. ## How to Stop Hypnic Jerks ![Tips to Prevent Hypnic Jerks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Prevent-Hypnic-Jerks-1024x819.png) Hypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques. Be aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor. ### Adopt Better Sleep Habits Improving your [sleep hygiene](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene) can make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include: - Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends - Setting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit - Making your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed - Stopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed - Following a nightly bedtime routine ### Reduce Your Stress Reducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore [relaxation techniques](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene/relaxation-exercises-to-help-fall-asleep) like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist. ### Exercise Daily Exercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also help relieve stress [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-80763) . If you prefer a vigorous workout [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-83337) , schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks. ### Minimize Your Caffeine Consumption Caffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime. ### Avoid Nicotine and Alcohol Nicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also disrupt your sleep architecture [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/hypnic-jerks#references-80177) , leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### Can a hypnic jerk wake you up? Yes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing. ### Can you die from hypnic jerks? No, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people. ### What drugs can cause hypnic jerks? Stimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/themes/onecaremedia-child/assets/images/sf-question-bubble.svg) ### Still have questions? Ask our community\! Join our [Sleep Care Community](https://community.sleepfoundation.org/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best. [About Our Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) ![Jay Vera Summer](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/jay-vera-summer-2025-profile-photo-150x150.jpg) Written By ### Jay Vera Summer, Contributing Writer Jay Vera Summer is a writer, editor, and wellness coach. She holds a Bachelor's of Science in psychology and Master's degrees in both writing and public policy. ![John DeBanto, MD](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/John_DeBantos-150x150.jpeg) Medically Reviewed by ### John DeBanto, MD, Internal Medicine Physician Dr. John DeBanto has been a medical doctor and gastroenterologist for over 20 years. He is board certified in both internal medicine and gastroenterology. He is also a Fellow with the American College of Gastroenterology, serving on the patient care committee. He enjoys educating his patients on nutrition, cancer screening, and weight issues, as he is acutely aware of how obesity can lead to significant morbidity and in particular sleep apnea, fatty liver, cancer, and cardiac issues. [Learn more about our Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#team) ## References 9 Sources 1. Ibrahim, W., Zafar, N., & Sharma, S. (2022, August). Myoclonus. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537015/> 2. Sathe, H., Karia, S., Desousa, A., & Shah, N. (2015). Hypnic jerks possibly induced by escitalopram. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 6(3), 423–424. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26167034/> 3. Drake, C., Roehrs, T., Shambroom, J., & Roth, T. (2013). Caffeine effects on sleep taken 0, 3, or 6 hours before going to bed. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 9(11), 1195–1200. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24235903/> 4. Dolezal, B. A., Neufeld, E. V., Boland, D. M., Martin, J. L., & Cooper, C. B. (2017). Interrelationship between sleep and exercise: A systematic review. Advances in Preventive Medicine, 2017, <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28458924/> 5. Basta, M., Chrousos, G. P., Vela-Bueno, A., & Vgontzas, A. N. (2007). CHRONIC INSOMNIA AND STRESS SYSTEM. Sleep medicine clinics, 2(2), 279–291. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18071579/> 6. Staner, L. (2003). Sleep and anxiety disorders. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 5(3), 249–258. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22033804/> 7. Childs, E., & de Wit, H. (2014). Regular exercise is associated with emotional resilience to acute stress in healthy adults. Frontiers in Physiology, 5, 161. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24822048/> 8. Myllymäki, T., Kyröläinen, H., Savolainen, K., Hokka, L., Jakonen, R., Juuti, T., Martinmäki, K., Kaartinen, J., Kinnunen, M. L., & Rusko, H. (2011). Effects of vigorous late-night exercise on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic activity. Journal of Sleep Research, 20(1 Pt 2), 146–153. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20673290/> 9. Stein, M. D., & Friedmann, P. D. (2006). Disturbed sleep and its relationship to alcohol use. Substance Abuse, 26(1), 1–13. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16492658/> ## Learn More About Parasomnias [![Night Terrors (Sleep Terrors)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/night-terrors-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/night-terrors) [Night Terrors (Sleep Terrors)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/night-terrors) By Jay Vera Summer October 9, 2025 * [![Man waking up and holding head in frustration](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Sexsomnia-What-to-Know-About-Sleep-Sex-300x192.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sexsomnia) [Sexsomnia: What to Know About Sleep Sex](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sexsomnia) By Jay Vera Summer September 3, 2025 * [![Sleepwalking: What Is Somnambulism?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/SleepWalkin.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleepwalking) [Sleepwalking: What Is Somnambulism?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleepwalking) By Eric Suni July 25, 2025 * [![Young man experiencing sleep paralysis.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/sleep-paralysis-300x169.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-paralysis) [Sleep Paralysis](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-paralysis) By Eric Suni July 25, 2025 * [![A couple in bed facing away from each other](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/sleep-talking-1-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-talking) [Sleep Talking: What Is Somniloquy?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-talking) By Eric Suni July 25, 2025 * [![Woman holding head in confusion](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Exploding-Head-Syndrome-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/exploding-head-syndrome) [Exploding Head Syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/exploding-head-syndrome) By Jay Vera Summer July 25, 2025 * [![REM Sleep Behavior Disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/REM-Sleep-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/rem-sleep-behavior-disorder) [REM Sleep Behavior Disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/rem-sleep-behavior-disorder) By Daniel Noyed July 25, 2025 * [![Texting in bed](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Sleep-Texting-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-texting) [Sleep Texting](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-texting) By Jay Vera Summer July 25, 2025 * [![Confusional Arousals and Sleep Drunkenness](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Confusional-Arousals-and-Sleep-Drunkenness-300x188.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/confusional-arousal) [Confusional Arousals and Sleep Drunkenness](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/confusional-arousal) By Danielle Pacheco July 25, 2025 * [![stock photo of a woman raising blanket over her face](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/sleep-demon-300x199.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-demon) [Sleep Paralysis Demon](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleep-demon) By Rob Newsom July 25, 2025 * [![What Happens if You Wake Up a Sleepwalker?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/SleepWalkin.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/what-happens-if-you-wake-a-sleepwalker/) [What Happens if You Wake Up a Sleepwalker?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/what-happens-if-you-wake-a-sleepwalker/) By Jaime Osnato July 25, 2025 * [![Depressed young woman sitting in bed cannot sleep from bad dreams](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/nightmares-1-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares) [Why We Have Nightmares (And How to Prevent Them)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares) By Eric Suni May 2, 2024 * [![Woman wearing her pajamas falling asleep in the kitchen.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Parasomnia-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias) [Parasomnias](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias) By Lucy Bryan December 8, 2023 * [![A child who has had a nightmare lying in bed with eyes open](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Nightmares-in-Children-300x200.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares/nightmares-in-children) [Nightmares in Children](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nightmares/nightmares-in-children) By Lauren Fountain November 8, 2023 [Load More Articles]() ## 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Readable Markdown	Key Takeaways - Hypnic jerks—also known as sleep starts—are sudden, involuntary muscle twitches that occur as you’re falling asleep. They often feel like a jolt or a falling sensation. - Doctors suspect that as you’re falling asleep, a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. - While they can be surprising, hypnic jerks are common and generally harmless, though they may be more frequent during times of stress, fatigue, or excessive caffeine use. Ever feel like you’re falling just as you’re drifting off to sleep, only to jolt awake? You’re not alone. These sudden twitches, known as hypnic jerks, can be surprising and even a little unsettling. While they often catch people off guard, they’re usually nothing to worry about. In this article, we’ll explore what causes hypnic jerks, when they’re more likely to happen, and how to reduce their frequency if they’re disrupting your rest. People twitch in their sleep for several reasons, many of which are completely normal. As the body transitions from wakefulness to sleep, the nervous system may misfire slightly, leading to sudden, involuntary muscle movements. These twitches can also be influenced by stress, anxiety, caffeine, or physical exhaustion, all of which can make the brain more reactive during the shift into sleep. In some cases, twitching may be related to specific [sleep disorders](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders) or neurological conditions, but for most people, occasional sleep twitches are just a harmless part of the sleep process. ### What Is a Hypnic Jerk? A hypnic jerk (short for hypnagogic jerk) is a sudden, involuntary muscle twitch that happens as you’re transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. Also known as a sleep twitch, myoclonic jerk, or night start, it often feels like a jolt, a falling sensation, or a sudden kick from your own body. These movements usually affect one side of the body, like an arm or leg, and may be accompanied by a brief dream or startled feeling. ### What Do Hypnic Jerks Feel Like? Hypnic jerks are a type of myoclonus , which is a category of rapid, involuntary muscle contractions, such as jerking or twitching. For the most part, hypnic jerks are painless, although some people do report a tingling or painful sensation. Most people report: - Experiencing a single jerk, or multiple in succession - Feeling like they’re falling - Seeing flashing or blinding lights - Hearing banging, crackling, or snapping sounds - Other sensations or mental imagery, such as a [dream](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/dreams) or hallucination Hypnic jerks can feel different at various times. They can be strong enough to jolt a person awake and disrupt the process of [falling asleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/what-happens-when-you-sleep). Other times, they may be so mild that the affected person does not notice them at all—although their sleep partner might. Hypnic jerks occur at any age, but are more common among adults. In part, this may be due to the fact that some of their potential causes, such as caffeine consumption and [elevated stress levels](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/stress-and-insomnia), are also more common in adulthood. ### Other Causes of Twitching While Sleeping Not all nighttime twitching is a hypnic jerk. Several other health conditions can cause involuntary movements during sleep or while falling asleep: #### Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) [Restless leg syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/restless-legs-syndrome) causes uncomfortable sensations in the legs, often described as tingling, crawling, or itching. It leads to an irresistible urge to move the legs, especially at night, and can interfere with falling asleep. #### Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) PLMS involves repetitive, rhythmic movements—usually in the lower limbs—that occur during sleep, often without the person being aware. These movements can disrupt sleep and are sometimes linked with RLS. #### Sleep Myoclonus This refers to brief, sudden muscle jerks that can occur during sleep or while falling asleep. Unlike hypnic jerks, sleep myoclonus may be more frequent and can affect different parts of the body. #### Fasciculation Fasciculations are small, involuntary muscle twitches that occur just under the skin. They’re usually harmless and may happen while awake or asleep, often in the arms, legs, or eyelids. Researchers don’t know for certain what causes hypnic jerks, but there are some theories. Hypnic jerks and other types of myoclonus start in the same part of your brain that controls your startle response. When you fall asleep, it’s suspected that a misfire sometimes occurs between nerves in the reticular brainstem, creating a reaction that leads to a hypnic jerk. For example, it may be that when your muscles relax completely, even though this is a normal part of falling asleep, your brain mistakenly assumes you’re really falling and reacts by twitching your muscles. It may also be possible that hypnic jerks are a physical reaction to the dream-like imagery that accompanies them. Certain risk factors may increase your likelihood of experiencing a hypnic jerk, including: ### Stimulants Like Caffeine and Nicotine Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine wake up your brain. These substances can also stay in your system for several hours, disrupting sleep. In one study, people who stopped drinking coffee six hours before bed still had trouble falling asleep. ### Vigorous Exercise at Night In general, exercise is almost always beneficial when it comes to sleep. Regular exercise has been consistently demonstrated to improve sleep quality . However, exercise is an energizing activity that makes you feel more alert, rather than tired. For that reason, exercising too vigorously late in the evening may lead to hypnic jerks. ### Sleep Deprivation Trouble sleeping and lack of regular sleep overall, whether due to chronic insomnia, other sleep disorders, or simply a poor night’s sleep, can lead to [sleep deprivation](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-deprivation). Among other unwanted side effects, like poor mood and focus, sleep deprivation may increase your risk of hypnic jerks. ### Stress and Anxiety Both everyday stress and diagnosed anxiety disorders can contribute to [insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia), which leads to the kind of sleep deprivation that increases your risk of hypnic jerks. When you’re stressed or anxious, your cortisol levels remain elevated during sleep, which makes sleep less restful. Anxious thoughts can also keep you up at night, making it hard for you to relax into sleep and disrupting the transition between wakefulness and sleep, potentially triggering a hypnic jerk. Some people who experience hypnic jerks frequently may even develop [anxiety](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mental-health/anxiety-and-sleep) around sleep itself, which only increases their likelihood of experiencing sleep deprivation and more hypnic jerks. ## Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Email-Capture-Icon.svg) Hypnic jerks can feel startling, but they’re completely normal and generally harmless. In fact, research suggests that up to 70% of people experience them at some point. While these sudden twitches might occasionally disrupt your sleep—or startle a bed partner—they don’t pose any real danger. In rare cases, a particularly strong jerk might cause a minor bump or muscle spasm or cramp (like a charley horse), but serious injuries are extremely uncommon. For most people, hypnic jerks are just an occasional annoyance rather than a sign of any underlying health issue. ### Babies Twitching in Their Sleep It’s common for babies to twitch or move while they sleep, and in most cases, it’s nothing to worry about. These movements are usually a normal part of their brain and nervous system development. Sleep-related twitching can happen during light sleep and may include sudden jerks of the arms, legs, or face. If the twitching seems excessive, continues when the baby is awake, or is accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it’s a good idea to check in with a pediatrician. ### When to See a Doctor If you only experience hypnic jerks, you probably don’t need to see a doctor. However, some symptoms similar to hypnic jerks may require medical attention. If, during the daytime, you experience multiple, persistent contractions in your muscles that spread to other parts of your body, you could be experiencing a different type of myoclonus, rather than a hypnic jerk. These types of myoclonus can be indicators of other medical conditions. If you experience other types of jerking movements during sleep beyond hypnic jerks as you fall asleep, they could be symptoms of [periodic limb movement disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/periodic-limb-movement-disorder). If you’re concerned your muscle jerks are a symptom of another issue, speak to your doctor. ![Tips to Prevent Hypnic Jerks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Prevent-Hypnic-Jerks-1024x819.png) Hypnic jerks are a normal, albeit unpredictable, part of the experience of falling asleep. It’s unlikely that you’ll be able to completely eradicate them from your life, but you can reduce their frequency and intensity, and improve your sleep at the same time, with a few simple techniques. Be aware that even after implementing these tips, you may still experience hypnic jerks on occasion. They’re considered a normal part of falling asleep. If you experience other movements that are disrupting your sleep, however, consult your doctor. ### Adopt Better Sleep Habits Improving your [sleep hygiene](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene) can make it easier for you to sleep better more consistently, which may reduce the occurrence of hypnic jerks. Common practices include: - Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, even on weekends - Setting your bedroom temperature to around 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit - Making your bedroom as dark and quiet as possible, using blackout curtains or a white noise machine if needed - Stopping the use of electronics at least one hour before bed - Following a nightly bedtime routine ### Reduce Your Stress Reducing stress could lead to a reduction in hypnic jerks. Explore [relaxation techniques](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene/relaxation-exercises-to-help-fall-asleep) like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga. Fill your bedtime routine with calming activities, like a warm bath or reading a book. If your stress and thoughts interfere with your quality of life, speak to a doctor or therapist. ### Exercise Daily Exercise daily to enjoy more restful sleep. Regular exercise can also help relieve stress . If you prefer a vigorous workout , schedule your exercise for earlier in the day to prevent sleep disruptions. If you can only exercise at night, opt for low- or moderate-intensity exercises like walking or yoga. Aim to finish your workout at least 90 minutes before bed to allow your heart rate to slow back down and prevent the occurrence of hypnic jerks. ### Minimize Your Caffeine Consumption Caffeine can provide some beneficial energy-boosting effects during the daytime, but consuming too much, especially later in the day, can interfere with your ability to sleep soundly. If you’re experiencing hypnic jerks and having trouble sleeping as a result, caffeine could be the culprit. Avoid consuming more than 400 milligrams per day, and schedule your last cup of coffee for at least eight hours before bedtime. ### Avoid Nicotine and Alcohol Nicotine is a stimulant that can impair your brain’s ability to wind down at night. It can also impact your sleep quality once you’re asleep. Although alcohol is a sedative, it can also disrupt your sleep architecture , leading to the sleep deprivation that increases your risk for hypnic jerks. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### Can a hypnic jerk wake you up? Yes, hypnic jerks can startle you awake, especially if they’re strong or accompanied by a vivid sensation like falling. However, many people sleep through them without noticing. ### Can you die from hypnic jerks? No, hypnic jerks are harmless and not life-threatening. They’re a normal part of the sleep process for many people. ### What drugs can cause hypnic jerks? Stimulants, antidepressants, and medications that affect the nervous system—such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) or certain sleep aids—can increase the likelihood of hypnic jerks or make them more noticeable. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/themes/onecaremedia-child/assets/images/sf-question-bubble.svg) ### Still have questions? Ask our community\! Join our [Sleep Care Community](https://community.sleepfoundation.org/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.
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