🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 95 (from laksa180)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa095.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia","crawl_time":1776055910,"first_indexed_time":1536336139,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,sleepfoundation!www,\/insomnia s443","src_root_hash":"1916647574837971495","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Insomnia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments","meta_descriptions":["Insomnia is a sleep disorder that affects many people. Learn about symptoms, causes, and treatments."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Skip to content\nKey Takeaways\nInsomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments.\nNighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking.\nDaytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability.\nThere is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions.\nInsomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment. \nStruggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test\nour partner at sleepdoctor.com\n10% off Home Sleep Tests\nBuy Now\n“Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!”\nDawn G. – Verified Tester\nSimple and convenient\nIt’s simple and convenient\nEquipment delivered to your doorstep\nOne overnight test in the comfort of your own bed\nUncover sleep apnea\nUncovers type of sleep apnea\nQuietly collects data while you sleep\n98% effective in detecting sleep apnea\nYour browser does not support HTML5 video tag.\nAffordable & ships fast\nAffordable and ships fast\nArrives in 2-4 business days\nIn-lab sleep tests cost ~$3,000+ (this\u2028one’s $189), HSA\/FSA eligible\nInsomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as\nsleepiness\nor difficulty concentrating.\nUp to two-thirds of people occasionally experience\ninsomnia symptoms\n. These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.\nA doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose.\nInsomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of\nharmful effects\n, including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse,\nchronic pain\n,\nheart disease\n, and\ndiabetes\n.\nSay Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep,\u2028as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\nRisk Factors for Insomnia\nWhile there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a\ngreater risk for experiencing insomnia\n. These include, but are not limited to:\nBeing a\nwoman or assigned female at birth\nOlder age\nLower socioeconomic status\nMedical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain\nOther sleep disorders such as\nrestless legs syndrome\nand\nsleep apnea\nMood disorders including\ndepression and anxiety\n \nHaving an immediate\nfamily member with insomnia\nIt is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors.\nDoctors generally\ndiagnose insomnia\nby evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history. \nTypically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a\nsleep diary\nfor a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms.  \nIf a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a\nsleep study\n, may be ordered.\nTreatment for insomnia\ndepends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep.\nIt is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support\nsleep hygiene\n. Temporary use of a prescription\nsleep aid\nmay be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from\ncognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)\n.\nA few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months.\nStill have questions? Ask our community!\nJoin our\nSleep Care Community\n— a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.\nWritten By\nEric Suni,\nContributing Writer\nEric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute.\nMedically Reviewed by\nAnis Rehman, MD,\nInternal Medicine Physician\nMD\nDr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences.\nLearn more about our Editorial Team\nReferences\n4 Sources\nBonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\nhttps:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults\nAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL.\nhttps:\/\/aasm.org\/\nBjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527.\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32265811\/\nBonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\nhttps:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#post_content)\n\n[![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n\n![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)\n\n![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo.svg)\n\nSLEEP PRODUCTS\n\n- Mattresses\n  Mattresses\n  \n  - [All Mattresses](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - [Best Mattress of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - Best of\n    - [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers)\n    - [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-back-pain)\n    - [Best Mattress for Hip Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-hip-pain)\n    - [Best Mattress for Heavy People](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-heavy-sleepers)\n    - [Best Memory Foam Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-memory-foam-mattress)\n    - [Best Latex Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-latex-mattress)\n    - [Best Innerspring Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-innerspring-mattress)\n    - [Best Hybrid Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-hybrid-mattress)\n    - [Best Cooling Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-cooling-mattress)\n    - [Best Firm Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-firm-mattress)\n    - [Best Organic Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-organic-mattresses)\n    - [Most Comfortable Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/most-comfortable-mattresses)\n    - [Best Mattress in a Box](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-in-a-box)\n    - [Best Affordable Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-cheap-mattress)\n    - [Best King Size Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-king-mattress)\n    - [Best Mattress for Kids](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-kids)\n  - Reviews\n    - [Casper](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/casper-mattress-review)\n    - [Saatva](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/saatva-mattress-review)\n    - [Sleep Number](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/sleep-number-classic-series-mattress-review)\n    - [Nectar Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/nectar-mattress-review)\n    - [Bear](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/bear-mattress-review)\n    - [Loom & Leaf](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/loom-and-leaf-mattress-review)\n    - [Tempur-Pedic](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/tempurpedic-adapt-mattress-review)\n    - [Helix Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/helix-mattress-review)\n    - [DreamCloud Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/dreamcloud-mattress-review)\n    - [WinkBed Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/winkbed-mattress-review)\n  - Compare\n    - [Mattress Finder Tool](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz\/results)\n    - [Take the Mattress Quiz](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz)\n    - [Nectar vs. Casper](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-comparisons\/nectar-vs-casper)\n    - [Tempur-Pedic vs. Sleep Number](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-comparisons\/tempurpedic-vs-sleep-number)\n    - [Do You Need a Box Spring?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-information\/do-you-need-a-box-spring)\n    - [What is Memory Foam?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-information\/what-is-memory-foam)\n- Bedding\n  Bedding\n  \n  - [All Bedding](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding)\n  - Pillows & Bedding\n    - [The Best Pillows of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows)\n    - [The Best Pillows for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows\/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers)\n    - [The Best Pillows for Neck Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows\/best-pillow-for-neck-pain)\n    - [Top-Rated Bed Sheets](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sheets)\n    - [Best Cooling Sheets](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sheets\/best-cooling-sheets)\n    - [The Best Weighted Blankets of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-weighted-blankets)\n    - [The Best Bedding of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding)\n    - [The Best Comforters](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding\/best-comforter)\n  - Mattress Toppers & More\n    - [The Best Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers)\n    - [Best Cooling Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers\/best-cooling-mattress-topper)\n    - [Best Memory Foam Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers\/best-memory-foam-mattress-topper)\n    - [Best Mattress Pads](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-pads)\n    - [Cooling Mattress Pads](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-pads\/best-cooling-mattress-pad)\n    - [The Best Mattress Protectors of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-protectors)\n    - [Best Full Mattress Encasements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-protectors\/best-mattress-encasements)\n- Sleep Solutions\n  Sleep Solutions\n  \n  - [All Solutions](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-solutions)\n  - Get Sleep Tested\n    - [Buy an At-Home Sleep Test](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu)\n    - [What's an At-Home Sleep Test?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/at-home-sleep-study)\n    - [How Does a Sleep Study Work?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-does-a-sleep-study-work)\n    - [How Much Does a Sleep Study Cost?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-much-does-a-sleep-study-cost)\n  - Sleep Therapy\n    - [The Best CPAP Machines](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-machines)\n    - [Top-Rated CPAP Masks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-mask)\n    - [Need Therapy? Start Here](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu)\n    - [The Best Anti-Snoring Mouthpieces](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-anti-snoring-mouthpieces-and-mouthguards)\n    - [Mouth Taping](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/snoring\/mouth-taping-for-sleep)\n    - [CPAP Alternatives](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/alternatives-to-cpap)\n    - [The Best Sleep Apps of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-apps)\n    - [The Best Magnesium Supplements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/magnesium\/best-magnesium-for-sleep)\n    - [Best Sleep Supplements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-aids\/natural-sleep-aids)\n  - Sleep Environment\n    - [The Best Sleep Trackers We've Tested](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-trackers)\n    - [Top-Rated White Noise Machines](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-white-noise-machines)\n    - [The Best Adjustable Beds](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-adjustable-bed)\n    - [Our Favorite Bed Frames](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bed-frames)\n    - [Blue Light Blocking Glasses](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses)\n    - [Wake-Up Lights](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-wake-up-lights)\n    - [Sleep Masks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-sleep-masks)\n\nSLEEP HEALTH & WELLNESS\n\n- Mattresses\n  Mattresses\n  \n  - [All](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - [Best Mattress of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n  - Best of\n    - SLEEPER TYPE\n      - [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers)\n      - [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-back-pain)\n      - [Best Mattress for Hip Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-hip-pain)\n      - [Best Mattress for Heavy People](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-heavy-sleepers)\n    - MATERIAL\n      - [Best Memory Foam Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-memory-foam-mattress)\n      - [Best Latex Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-latex-mattress)\n      - [Best Innerspring Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-innerspring-mattress)\n      - [Best Hybrid Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-hybrid-mattress)\n    - COMFORT\n      - [Best Cooling Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-cooling-mattress)\n      - [Best Firm Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-firm-mattress)\n      - [Best Organic Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-organic-mattresses)\n      - [Most Comfortable Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/most-comfortable-mattresses)\n    - OTHER\n      - [Best Mattress in a Box](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-in-a-box)\n      - [Best Affordable Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-cheap-mattress)\n      - [Best King Size Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-king-mattress)\n      - [Best Mattress for Kids](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-kids)\n    - [![Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz\/results)   [![mattress sizes](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-sizes)\n  - Reviews\n    - POPULAR BRANDS\n      - [Casper](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/casper-mattress-review)\n      - [Saatva](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/saatva-mattress-review)\n      - [Sleep Number](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/sleep-number-classic-series-mattress-review)\n    - FOAM\n      - [Nectar Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/nectar-mattress-review)\n      - [Bear](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/bear-mattress-review)\n      - [Loom & Leaf](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/loom-and-leaf-mattress-review)\n      - [Tempur-Pedic](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/tempurpedic-adapt-mattress-review)\n    - HYBRID\n      - [Helix Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/helix-mattress-review)\n      - [DreamCloud Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/dreamcloud-mattress-review)\n      - [WinkBed Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews\/winkbed-mattress-review)\n    - [![Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz\/results)   [![mattress sizes](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-sizes)\n  - Compare\n    - MATTRESS MATCH\n      - [Mattress Finder Tool](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz\/results)\n      - [Take the Mattress Quiz](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz)\n    - POPULAR BRANDS\n      - [Nectar vs. Casper](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-comparisons\/nectar-vs-casper)\n      - [Tempur-Pedic vs. Sleep Number](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-comparisons\/tempurpedic-vs-sleep-number)\n    - LEARN\n      - [Do You Need a Box Spring?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-information\/do-you-need-a-box-spring)\n      - [What is Memory Foam?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-information\/what-is-memory-foam)\n    - [![Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-quiz\/results)   [![mattress sizes](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-sizes)\n  - [All Mattresses](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)\n- Bedding\n  Bedding\n  \n  - [All](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding)\n  - Pillows & Bedding\n    - PILLOWS\n      - [The Best Pillows of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows)\n      - [The Best Pillows for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows\/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers)\n      - [The Best Pillows for Neck Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows\/best-pillow-for-neck-pain)\n    - SHEETS\n      - [Top-Rated Bed Sheets](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sheets)\n      - [Best Cooling Sheets](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sheets\/best-cooling-sheets)\n    - BEDDING\n      - [The Best Weighted Blankets of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-weighted-blankets)\n      - [The Best Bedding of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding)\n      - [The Best Comforters](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding\/best-comforter)\n    - [![Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Saatva-Lightweight-Down-Alternative-Comforter-253x140-1.jpeg) Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding\/best-cooling-comforter)\n  - Mattress Toppers & More\n    - MATTRESS TOPPERS\n      - [The Best Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers)\n      - [Best Cooling Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers\/best-cooling-mattress-topper)\n      - [Best Memory Foam Mattress Toppers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-toppers\/best-memory-foam-mattress-topper)\n    - MATTRESS PADS\n      - [Best Mattress Pads](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-pads)\n      - [Cooling Mattress Pads](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-pads\/best-cooling-mattress-pad)\n    - PROTECTORS\n      - [The Best Mattress Protectors of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-protectors)\n      - [Best Full Mattress Encasements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress-protectors\/best-mattress-encasements)\n    - [![Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Saatva-Lightweight-Down-Alternative-Comforter-253x140-1.jpeg) Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding\/best-cooling-comforter)\n  - [All Bedding](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bedding)\n- Sleep Solutions\n  Sleep Solutions\n  \n  - [All Solutions](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-solutions)\n  - Get Sleep Tested\n    - AT-HOME TESTING\n      - [Buy an At-Home Sleep Test](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu)\n      - [What's an At-Home Sleep Test?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/at-home-sleep-study)\n    - IN-LAB TESTING\n      - [How Does a Sleep Study Work?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-does-a-sleep-study-work)\n      - [How Much Does a Sleep Study Cost?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-much-does-a-sleep-study-cost)\n    - [![At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test)   [![ResMed\\_AirSense\\_11\\_Machine\\_Package\\_1](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-machines)\n  - Sleep Therapy\n    - CPAP\n      - [The Best CPAP Machines](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-machines)\n      - [Top-Rated CPAP Masks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-mask)\n      - [Need Therapy? Start Here](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu)\n    - ANTI-SNORING\n      - [The Best Anti-Snoring Mouthpieces](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-anti-snoring-mouthpieces-and-mouthguards)\n      - [Mouth Taping](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/snoring\/mouth-taping-for-sleep)\n      - [CPAP Alternatives](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/alternatives-to-cpap)\n    - SERVICES & SUPPLEMENTS\n      - [The Best Sleep Apps of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-apps)\n      - [The Best Magnesium Supplements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/magnesium\/best-magnesium-for-sleep)\n      - [Best Sleep Supplements](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-aids\/natural-sleep-aids)\n    - [![At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test)   [![ResMed\\_AirSense\\_11\\_Machine\\_Package\\_1](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-machines)\n  - Sleep Environment\n    - SLEEP TECH\n      - [The Best Sleep Trackers We've Tested](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-trackers)\n      - [Top-Rated White Noise Machines](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-white-noise-machines)\n    - BED FRAMES\n      - [The Best Adjustable Beds](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-adjustable-bed)\n      - [Our Favorite Bed Frames](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-bed-frames)\n    - PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS\n      - [Blue Light Blocking Glasses](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses)\n      - [Wake-Up Lights](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-wake-up-lights)\n      - [Sleep Masks](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-sleep-products\/best-sleep-masks)\n    - [![At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test)   [![ResMed\\_AirSense\\_11\\_Machine\\_Package\\_1](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-cpap-machines)\n  - [All Solutions](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-solutions)\n- Sleep Health\n  Sleep Health\n  \n  - [All Health](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-topics)\n  - Sleep Disorders\n    - COMMON DISORDERS\n      - [Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia)\n      - [Parasomnias](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias)\n      - [Excessive Sleepiness](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/excessive-sleepiness)\n    - BREATHING-RELATED\n      - [Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea)\n      - [Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/obstructive-sleep-apnea)\n      - [Central Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea\/central-sleep-apnea)\n    - MOVEMENT-RELATED\n      - [Sleepwalking](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/parasomnias\/sleepwalking)\n      - [Bruxism](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/bruxism)\n      - [Restless Legs Syndrome](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/restless-legs-syndrome)\n    - TESTING & TREATMENTS\n      - [CPAP](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/cpap)\n      - [Home Sleep Test](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/at-home-sleep-study)\n      - [What to Do When You Can't Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment\/what-do-when-you-cant-sleep)\n    - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/melatonin\/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take)   [![group of people drinking coffee](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-news\/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages)\n  - Improve Your Sleep\n    - SLEEP HABITS\n      - [The Ultimate Sleep Improvement Plan](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-habits)\n      - [The 20 Most Proven Sleep Tips](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene\/healthy-sleep-tips)\n      - [Sleep Hygiene](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene)\n    - SLEEP AIDS\n      - [Melatonin](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/melatonin)\n      - [Magnesium](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/magnesium)\n      - [The Most Effective Sleep Aids](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-aids)\n    - TOOLS & PRODUCTS\n      - [Sleep Calculator](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-calculator)\n      - [7 Nights to Better Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-habits\/7-night-sleep-habit-builder)\n      - [Submit Your Sleep Story](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/submit-your-sleep-story)\n    - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/melatonin\/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take)   [![group of people drinking coffee](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-news\/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages)\n  - Understand Your Sleep\n    - SCIENCE OF SLEEP\n      - [How Sleep Works](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works)\n      - [Circadian Rhythm](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/circadian-rhythm)\n      - [The Stages of Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/stages-of-sleep)\n    - IMPACTS\n      - [Snoring](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/snoring)\n      - [Sleep Deprivation](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-deprivation)\n      - [How Electronics Affect Your Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/how-electronics-affect-sleep)\n    - STATISTICS\n      - [Sleep Data & Research](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/sleep-facts-statistics)\n      - [How Much Sleep Do We Need?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need)\n    - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/melatonin\/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take)   [![group of people drinking coffee](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-news\/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages)\n  - [All Health](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-topics)\n- About Us\n  About Us\n  \n  - Who We Are\n    - OUR MISSION\n      - [What We Do](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n      - [Our Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are)\n    - OUR MEDICAL TEAM\n      - [Medical Advisory Board](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#medical-advisory-board)\n    - OUR PROCESS\n      - [Editorial Policy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy)\n      - [How We Review Products](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/research-methodology)\n    - [![Test Lab: Expert Tested. Sleeper Approved.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Bedroom-Environment-1-300x125.jpg) Test Lab: Expert Tested. Sleeper Approved.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/research-methodology)   [![Sleep Video Library](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/best_clips.00_09_45_18.still029_720-300x169.jpg) Sleep Video Library](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/video)\n  - [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/contact)\n- [Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n- [Sleep Quiz](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-quiz)\n\n- [![Facebook Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sf-facebook.svg)](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sleepisthefoundation\/)\n- [![Twitter Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/sf-twitter.svg)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/sleepisthefound)\n- [![YouTube Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/social_youtube.svg)](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/SleepIsTheFoundation)\n- [![Instagram Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/sf-instagram.svg)](https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/sleepisthefoundation)\n- [![LinkedIn Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sf-linkedin.svg)](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/sleepisthefoundation)\n- [![TikTok Icon](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sf-tiktok.svg)](https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@sleepisthefoundation)\n\n[![:sleepfoundation-rotate:](https:\/\/emoji.slack-edge.com\/T01ANHP2LNB\/sleepfoundation-rotate\/039f7faf8dfca979.gif) 10% off Home Sleep Tests ![:sleepfoundation-rotate:](https:\/\/emoji.slack-edge.com\/T01ANHP2LNB\/sleepfoundation-rotate\/039f7faf8dfca979.gif)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/home-sleep-test?utm_cta_location=announcement_bar)\n\n[\/](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)  [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders)\n\n![Main Intro Section Image](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Header-Image-main.svg)\n\n# Insomnia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments\nUpdated July 4, 2025\n\nWritten by Eric Suni\n\n![Eric Suni](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Eric-Suni-Headshot-150x150.jpg)\n\nEric Suni\n\nContributing Writer\n\nEric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute.\n\n[Read Full Bio](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/eric-suni)\n\nWant to read more about all our experts in the field?\n\n[Learn About The Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n\\| Medically Reviewed by Anis Rehman, MD\n\n![Anis Rehman, MD](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/rehman-150x150.jpg)\n\nAnis Rehman, MD\n\nInternal Medicine Physician\n\nDr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences.\n\n[Read Full Bio](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#anis_rehman,_md)\n\nWant to read more about all our experts in the field?\n\n[Learn About The Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n- [What Is Insomnia?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#what-is-insomnia)\n- [How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#how-is-insomnia-diagnosed)\n- [Treatments for Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#treatments-for-insomnia)\n\nKey Takeaways\n\n- Insomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments.\n- Nighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking.\n- Daytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability.\n- There is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions.\n\nInsomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment.\n\n## Struggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test\n![A WatchPAT One being worn by someone.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-on-a-persons-arm-768x768.jpeg)\n\nour partner at sleepdoctor.com\n\n### 10% off Home Sleep Tests\n[Buy Now](https:\/\/sleepdoctor.com\/cart\/41836382290016:1?storefront=false&discount=SF-SSPZ40A7S9MW&cta_location=hst_global)\n\n“Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!”\n\nDawn G. – Verified Tester\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-female-150x150.jpeg)\n\n### Simple and convenient\n### It’s simple and convenient\n- Equipment delivered to your doorstep\n- One overnight test in the comfort of your own bed\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-male-150x150.jpeg)\n\n### Uncover sleep apnea\n### Uncovers type of sleep apnea\n- Quietly collects data while you sleep\n- 98% effective in detecting sleep apnea\n\nYour browser does not support HTML5 video tag.\n\n### Affordable & ships fast\n### Affordable and ships fast\n- Arrives in 2-4 business days\n- In-lab sleep tests cost ~\\$3,000+ (this one’s \\$189), HSA\/FSA eligible\n## What Is Insomnia?\nInsomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as [sleepiness](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/excessive-sleepiness) or difficulty concentrating.\n\nUp to two-thirds of people occasionally experience [insomnia symptoms](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/symptoms). These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.\n\nA doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose.\n\nInsomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of harmful effects [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) UpToDateMore than 2 million healthcare providers around the world choose UpToDate to help make appropriate care decisions and drive better health outcomes. UpToDate delivers evidence-based clinical decision support that is clear, actionable, and rich with real-world insights.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#references-177797) , including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse, [chronic pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/physical-health\/pain-and-sleep), [heart disease](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-deprivation\/how-sleep-deprivation-affects-your-heart), and [diabetes](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/physical-health\/lack-of-sleep-and-diabetes).\n\n###\n[![Woman with Insomnia lying in bed looking at clock](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Types-of-Insomnia.jpg)Types of Insomnia: Not One Reason for Your Lack of Sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/types-of-insomnia)\n\n[Can’t Sleep? These Surprising Insomnia Symptoms Might Be to Blame![Early-Morning Shiftwork Affects Overnight Blood Pressure, Increases Risk of Cardiovascular Disease](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Symptoms-of-Insomnia.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/symptoms)\n\n[The Hidden Causes of Insomnia![Woman in bed unable to sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/woman-sleeping-insomnia-scaled.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/what-causes-insomnia)\n\n[Can You Die From Not Sleeping? What is Fatal Insomnia?![Worried woman lying in bed with eyes open](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fatal-Insomnia.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/fatal-insomnia)\n\n[Is Insomnia a Mental Illness? Learn More About the Mental Health Connection![A young man suffering from insomnia sits awake in bed](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/insomnia-2.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/is-insomnia-a-mental-illness)\n\n## Say Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Email-Capture-Icon.svg)\n### Risk Factors for Insomnia\nWhile there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a greater risk for experiencing insomnia [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM)AASM sets standards and promotes excellence in sleep medicine health care, education, and research.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#references-164816) . These include, but are not limited to:\n\n- Being a [woman or assigned female at birth](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/insomnia-women)\n- Older age\n- Lower socioeconomic status\n- Medical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain\n- Other sleep disorders such as [restless legs syndrome](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/restless-legs-syndrome) and [sleep apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea)\n- Mood disorders including depression and anxiety [Trusted Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#references-79507)\n- Having an immediatefamily member with insomnia\n\nIt is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors.\n\n###\n[![Stressed woman rubbing temples](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Stress-and-Insomnia.jpg)The Link Between Stress and Sleepless Nights, Explained](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/stress-and-insomnia)\n\n[Insomnia in Older Adults: What’s Normal and When to Seek Help![senior sleeping](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/senior-sleeping.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/older-adults)\n\n[Women and Insomnia: Uncovering the Hormonal Triggers Behind Sleepless Nights![Woman seated in bed suffering from insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Insomnia-and-Women.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/insomnia-women)\n\n[Post‑Surgery Insomnia: What’s Normal and When to Be Concerned![stock photo of a man experiencing insomnia in a hospital](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/man-in-hospital-bed.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/insomnia-after-surgery)\n\n[Can Working Out Help You Sleep Better? What the Science Says![Woman Exercising Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/insomnia-exercise-scaled.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/exercise-and-insomnia)\n## How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?\nDoctors generally diagnose insomnia by evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history.\n\nTypically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a [sleep diary](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-diary) for a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms.\n\nIf a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a[sleep study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-does-a-sleep-study-work), may be ordered.\n\n###\n- [![Diagnosing Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Diganosing-Insomnia.jpg)Can’t Sleep? Here’s How Doctors Diagnose Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/diagnosis)\n- [![A Woman Trying to Sleep while Her Husband is Snoring](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/pexels-kampus-7556636-scaled.jpg)Is it Insomnia or is it This Deadly Sleep Disorder?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/sleep-apnea-vs-insomnia\/)\n- [![A man in awake in bed at night due to insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/anxiety-insomnia.jpg)The Vicious Cycle That’s Stealing Your Sleep and Sanity](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mental-health\/anxiety-vs-insomnia)\n- [![A woman lies awake in bed.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/shutterstock_1160037781.jpg)Is Your Mind Betraying Your Body? The Strange Case of “Fake” Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/paradoxical-insomnia)\n## Treatments for Insomnia\n[Treatment for insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment) depends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep.\n\nIt is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support [sleep hygiene](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene). Temporary use of a prescription [sleep aid](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-aids) may be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from [cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)](https:\/\/sleepdoctor.com\/products\/cbt-i-sleep-based-program).\n\nA few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months.\n\n###\n[![Treatments for Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Treatments-for-Insomnia.jpg)From Therapy to Medication: a Full Guide to Treating Insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment)\n\n[The Insomnia Solution That’s More Effective Than Sleeping Pills![Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): An Overview](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/14-NSF-9-L-Woman-sleeping-lying-on-pebbles_2880x1400.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-insomnia)\n\n[Natural Cures for Insomnia: From Acupressure to Yoga![Natural Cures for Insomnia: From Acupressure to Yoga](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Natural-Cures-for-Insomnia.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment\/natural-cures-for-insomnia)\n\n[Why Sleep Restriction Is the Key to Unlocking Deeper Sleep![image of a woman writing in a notebook](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/woman-writing-in-notebook.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment\/sleep-restriction-therapy)\n\n[Our Expert’s Top Tips for Getting Back to Sleep![Stock photo of woman listening to guided meditation before sleep](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Sleep-Meditation.jpg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment\/what-do-when-you-cant-sleep)\n###\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/themes\/onecaremedia-child\/assets\/images\/sf-question-bubble.svg)\n\n### Still have questions? Ask our community\\!\nJoin our [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.\n\n[About Our Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n\n![Eric Suni](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Eric-Suni-Headshot-150x150.jpg)\n\nWritten By\n\n### Eric Suni,  Contributing Writer\n\nEric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute.\n\n![Anis Rehman, MD](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/rehman-150x150.jpg)\n\nMedically Reviewed by\n\n### Anis Rehman, MD,  Internal Medicine Physician   MD\n\nDr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences.\n\n[Learn more about our Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#team)\n\n## References 4 Sources\n1. Bonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\n   <https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults>\n2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL.\n   <https:\/\/aasm.org\/>\n3. Bjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32265811\/>\n4. Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\n   <https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults>\n\n## Other Articles of Interest\n### How Sleep Works\n[How to Lucid Dream?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/dreams\/lucid-dreams)   [Recommended Sleep Times](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need)   [Why Do We Need Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/why-do-we-need-sleep)   [Can You Catch Up On Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/sleep-debt-and-catch-up-sleep)   [What Happens When You Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/how-sleep-works\/what-happens-when-you-sleep)\n\n### Children, Teens & Sleep\n[When Do Kids Stop Napping?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/children-and-sleep\/when-do-kids-stop-napping)   [Why is Sleep Important For Children?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/children-and-sleep)   [Bedtime Routines for Kids](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/children-and-sleep\/bedtime-routine)   [How Does Blue Light Affect Kids Sleep?](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/children-and-sleep\/how-blue-light-affects-kids-sleep)   [Sleep Strategies for Kids](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/children-and-sleep\/sleep-strategies-kids)\n\n### Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders\n[Non-24 Sleep Wake Disorder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/non-24-sleep-wake-disorder)   [Shift Work Disorder](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/shift-work-disorder)   [Learn About Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorders)   [Jet Lag](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/travel-and-sleep\/jet-lag)\n\n### Sleep Solutions\n[Best Mattress](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress)   [Mattress Reviews](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/mattress-reviews)   [Best Pillows](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-pillows)   [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers)   [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/best-mattress\/best-mattress-for-back-pain)\n\n[![Sleep Foundation Logo](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/sd-logo-footer.svg)](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n\n**Sleep Foundation** and **SleepFoundation.org** are not affiliated with the National Sleep Foundation, an independent nonprofit based in Washington, DC.\n\nThe content on this website is for informational purposes only. SleepFoundation.org does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment options.\n\nSleep Information\n\n- [Sleep Products](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-solutions)\n- [Sleep Health](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-topics)\n- [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-disorders)\n- [Sleep News](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-news)\n\nSleep Foundation\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/contact)\n- [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/)\n- [How We Review Products](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/research-methodology)\n\nSleep Profile\n\nYour daily habits and environment can significantly impact the quality of your sleep. Take the Sleep Quiz to help inform your sleep improvement journey.\n\n[Take the Quiz](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-quiz)\n### Explore Sleep Foundation\n\n- [Editorial Policy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/editorial-policy)\n- [Advertising Disclosure](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/advertising-disclosure)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/privacy-policy)\n- [Terms & Conditions](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/terms-of-use)\n- [Accessibility Statement](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/accessibility-statement)\n- [Your Privacy Choices](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia)\n\n© 2026 [Sleep Doctor Holdings](https:\/\/corporate.sleepdoctor.com\/), LLC. All rights reserved.","attrs_readable_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia#post_content)\n\nKey Takeaways\n\n- Insomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments.\n- Nighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking.\n- Daytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability.\n- There is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions.\n\nInsomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment.\n\n## Struggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test\n![A WatchPAT One being worn by someone.](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-on-a-persons-arm-768x768.jpeg)\n\nour partner at sleepdoctor.com\n\n### 10% off Home Sleep Tests\n[Buy Now](https:\/\/sleepdoctor.com\/cart\/41836382290016:1?storefront=false&discount=SF-SSPZ40A7S9MW&cta_location=hst_global)\n\n“Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!”\n\nDawn G. – Verified Tester\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-female-150x150.jpeg)\n\n### Simple and convenient\n### It’s simple and convenient\n- Equipment delivered to your doorstep\n- One overnight test in the comfort of your own bed\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-male-150x150.jpeg)\n\n### Uncover sleep apnea\n### Uncovers type of sleep apnea\n- Quietly collects data while you sleep\n- 98% effective in detecting sleep apnea\n\nYour browser does not support HTML5 video tag.\n\n### Affordable & ships fast\n### Affordable and ships fast\n- Arrives in 2-4 business days\n- In-lab sleep tests cost ~\\$3,000+ (this one’s \\$189), HSA\/FSA eligible\n\nInsomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as [sleepiness](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/excessive-sleepiness) or difficulty concentrating.\n\nUp to two-thirds of people occasionally experience [insomnia symptoms](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/symptoms). These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.\n\nA doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose.\n\nInsomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of harmful effects , including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse, [chronic pain](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/physical-health\/pain-and-sleep), [heart disease](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-deprivation\/how-sleep-deprivation-affects-your-heart), and [diabetes](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/physical-health\/lack-of-sleep-and-diabetes).\n\n## Say Goodbye to Insomnia\nSign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Email-Capture-Icon.svg)\n### Risk Factors for Insomnia\nWhile there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a greater risk for experiencing insomnia . These include, but are not limited to:\n\n- Being a [woman or assigned female at birth](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/insomnia-women)\n- Older age\n- Lower socioeconomic status\n- Medical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain\n- Other sleep disorders such as [restless legs syndrome](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/restless-legs-syndrome) and [sleep apnea](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-apnea)\n- Mood disorders including depression and anxiety\n- Having an immediatefamily member with insomnia\n\nIt is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors.\n\nDoctors generally diagnose insomnia by evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history.\n\nTypically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a [sleep diary](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-diary) for a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms.\n\nIf a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a[sleep study](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-studies\/how-does-a-sleep-study-work), may be ordered.\n\n[Treatment for insomnia](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/insomnia\/treatment) depends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep.\n\nIt is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support [sleep hygiene](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-hygiene). Temporary use of a prescription [sleep aid](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/sleep-aids) may be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from [cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)](https:\/\/sleepdoctor.com\/products\/cbt-i-sleep-based-program).\n\nA few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/themes\/onecaremedia-child\/assets\/images\/sf-question-bubble.svg)\n\n### Still have questions? Ask our community\\!\nJoin our [Sleep Care Community](https:\/\/community.sleepfoundation.org\/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best.\n\n![Eric Suni](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Eric-Suni-Headshot-150x150.jpg)\n\nWritten By\n\n### Eric Suni,  Contributing Writer\n\nEric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute.\n\n![Anis Rehman, MD](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/rehman-150x150.jpg)\n\nMedically Reviewed by\n\n### Anis Rehman, MD,  Internal Medicine Physician   MD\n\nDr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences.\n\n[Learn more about our Editorial Team](https:\/\/www.sleepfoundation.org\/about-us\/who-we-are#team)\n\n## References 4 Sources\n1. Bonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\n   <https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults>\n2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL.\n   <https:\/\/aasm.org\/>\n3. Bjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527.\n   <https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32265811\/>\n4. Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from\n   <https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults>","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	Skip to content Key Takeaways Insomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments. Nighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking. Daytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability. There is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions. Insomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment. Struggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test our partner at sleepdoctor.com 10% off Home Sleep Tests Buy Now “Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!” Dawn G. – Verified Tester Simple and convenient It’s simple and convenient Equipment delivered to your doorstep One overnight test in the comfort of your own bed Uncover sleep apnea Uncovers type of sleep apnea Quietly collects data while you sleep 98% effective in detecting sleep apnea Your browser does not support HTML5 video tag. Affordable & ships fast Affordable and ships fast Arrives in 2-4 business days In-lab sleep tests cost ~$3,000+ (this one’s $189), HSA/FSA eligible Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as sleepiness or difficulty concentrating. Up to two-thirds of people occasionally experience insomnia symptoms . These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. A doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose. Insomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of harmful effects , including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse, chronic pain , heart disease , and diabetes . Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. Risk Factors for Insomnia While there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a greater risk for experiencing insomnia . These include, but are not limited to: Being a woman or assigned female at birth Older age Lower socioeconomic status Medical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain Other sleep disorders such as restless legs syndrome and sleep apnea Mood disorders including depression and anxiety Having an immediate family member with insomnia It is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors. Doctors generally diagnose insomnia by evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history. Typically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a sleep diary for a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms. If a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a sleep study , may be ordered. Treatment for insomnia depends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep. It is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support sleep hygiene . Temporary use of a prescription sleep aid may be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) . A few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months. Still have questions? Ask our community! Join our Sleep Care Community — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best. Written By Eric Suni, Contributing Writer Eric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute. Medically Reviewed by Anis Rehman, MD, Internal Medicine Physician MD Dr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences. Learn more about our Editorial Team References 4 Sources Bonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL. https://aasm.org/ Bjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32265811/ Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults
Markdown	[Skip to content](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#post_content) [![Sleep Foundation Logo](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/sd-logo.svg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/) ![Sleep Foundation Logo](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/sd-logo.svg) ![Sleep Foundation Logo](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/sd-logo.svg) SLEEP PRODUCTS - Mattresses Mattresses - [All Mattresses](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) - [Best Mattress of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) - Best of - [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers) - [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-back-pain) - [Best Mattress for Hip Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-hip-pain) - [Best Mattress for Heavy People](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-heavy-sleepers) - 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[Best Mattress for Kids](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-kids) - Reviews - [Casper](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/casper-mattress-review) - [Saatva](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/saatva-mattress-review) - [Sleep Number](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/sleep-number-classic-series-mattress-review) - [Nectar Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/nectar-mattress-review) - [Bear](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/bear-mattress-review) - [Loom & Leaf](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/loom-and-leaf-mattress-review) - [Tempur-Pedic](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/tempurpedic-adapt-mattress-review) - [Helix Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/helix-mattress-review) - [DreamCloud Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/dreamcloud-mattress-review) - [WinkBed Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/winkbed-mattress-review) - Compare - [Mattress Finder Tool](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz/results) - [Take the Mattress Quiz](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz) - [Nectar vs. Casper](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-comparisons/nectar-vs-casper) - [Tempur-Pedic vs. Sleep Number](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-comparisons/tempurpedic-vs-sleep-number) - [Do You Need a Box Spring?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-information/do-you-need-a-box-spring) - [What is Memory Foam?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-information/what-is-memory-foam) - Bedding Bedding - [All Bedding](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding) - Pillows & Bedding - [The Best Pillows of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows) - [The Best Pillows for Side Sleepers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers) - [The Best Pillows for Neck Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows/best-pillow-for-neck-pain) - [Top-Rated Bed Sheets](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sheets) - [Best Cooling Sheets](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sheets/best-cooling-sheets) - [The Best Weighted Blankets of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-weighted-blankets) - [The Best Bedding of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding) - [The Best Comforters](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding/best-comforter) - Mattress Toppers & More - [The Best Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers) - [Best Cooling Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers/best-cooling-mattress-topper) - [Best Memory Foam Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers/best-memory-foam-mattress-topper) - [Best Mattress Pads](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-pads) - [Cooling Mattress Pads](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-pads/best-cooling-mattress-pad) - [The Best Mattress Protectors of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-protectors) - [Best Full Mattress Encasements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-protectors/best-mattress-encasements) - Sleep Solutions Sleep Solutions - [All Solutions](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-solutions) - Get Sleep Tested - [Buy an At-Home Sleep Test](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu) - [What's an At-Home Sleep Test?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/at-home-sleep-study) - [How Does a Sleep Study Work?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-does-a-sleep-study-work) - [How Much Does a Sleep Study Cost?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-much-does-a-sleep-study-cost) - Sleep Therapy - [The Best CPAP Machines](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-machines) - [Top-Rated CPAP Masks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-mask) - [Need Therapy? Start Here](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu) - [The Best Anti-Snoring Mouthpieces](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-anti-snoring-mouthpieces-and-mouthguards) - [Mouth Taping](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/snoring/mouth-taping-for-sleep) - [CPAP Alternatives](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea/alternatives-to-cpap) - [The Best Sleep Apps of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-apps) - [The Best Magnesium Supplements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/magnesium/best-magnesium-for-sleep) - [Best Sleep Supplements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-aids/natural-sleep-aids) - Sleep Environment - [The Best Sleep Trackers We've Tested](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-trackers) - [Top-Rated White Noise Machines](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-white-noise-machines) - [The Best Adjustable Beds](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-adjustable-bed) - [Our Favorite Bed Frames](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bed-frames) - [Blue Light Blocking Glasses](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses) - [Wake-Up Lights](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-wake-up-lights) - [Sleep Masks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-sleep-masks) SLEEP HEALTH & WELLNESS - Mattresses Mattresses - [All](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) - [Best Mattress of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) - Best of - SLEEPER TYPE - [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers) - [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-back-pain) - [Best Mattress for Hip Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-hip-pain) - [Best Mattress for Heavy People](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-heavy-sleepers) - MATERIAL - [Best Memory Foam Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-memory-foam-mattress) - [Best Latex Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-latex-mattress) - [Best Innerspring Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-innerspring-mattress) - [Best Hybrid Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-hybrid-mattress) - COMFORT - [Best Cooling Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-cooling-mattress) - [Best Firm Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-firm-mattress) - [Best Organic Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-organic-mattresses) - [Most Comfortable Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/most-comfortable-mattresses) - OTHER - [Best Mattress in a Box](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-in-a-box) - [Best Affordable Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-cheap-mattress) - [Best King Size Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-king-mattress) - [Best Mattress for Kids](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-kids) - [![Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz/results) [![mattress sizes](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-sizes) - Reviews - POPULAR BRANDS - [Casper](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/casper-mattress-review) - [Saatva](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/saatva-mattress-review) - [Sleep Number](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/sleep-number-classic-series-mattress-review) - FOAM - [Nectar Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/nectar-mattress-review) - [Bear](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/bear-mattress-review) - [Loom & Leaf](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/loom-and-leaf-mattress-review) - [Tempur-Pedic](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/tempurpedic-adapt-mattress-review) - HYBRID - [Helix Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/helix-mattress-review) - [DreamCloud Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/dreamcloud-mattress-review) - [WinkBed Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews/winkbed-mattress-review) - [![Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz/results) [![mattress sizes](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-sizes) - Compare - MATTRESS MATCH - [Mattress Finder Tool](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz/results) - [Take the Mattress Quiz](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz) - POPULAR BRANDS - [Nectar vs. Casper](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-comparisons/nectar-vs-casper) - [Tempur-Pedic vs. Sleep Number](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-comparisons/tempurpedic-vs-sleep-number) - LEARN - [Do You Need a Box Spring?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-information/do-you-need-a-box-spring) - [What is Memory Foam?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-information/what-is-memory-foam) - [![Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mattresses-in-the-Sleep-Foundation-Test-Lab-3-300x125.jpg) Mattress Finder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-quiz/results) [![mattress sizes](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/mattress-sizes-300x225.jpg) Mattress Sizes 101: Finding Your Perfect Fit](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-sizes) - [All Mattresses](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) - Bedding Bedding - [All](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding) - Pillows & Bedding - PILLOWS - [The Best Pillows of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows) - [The Best Pillows for Side Sleepers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers) - [The Best Pillows for Neck Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows/best-pillow-for-neck-pain) - SHEETS - [Top-Rated Bed Sheets](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sheets) - [Best Cooling Sheets](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sheets/best-cooling-sheets) - BEDDING - [The Best Weighted Blankets of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-weighted-blankets) - [The Best Bedding of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding) - [The Best Comforters](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding/best-comforter) - [![Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Saatva-Lightweight-Down-Alternative-Comforter-253x140-1.jpeg) Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding/best-cooling-comforter) - Mattress Toppers & More - MATTRESS TOPPERS - [The Best Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers) - [Best Cooling Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers/best-cooling-mattress-topper) - [Best Memory Foam Mattress Toppers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-toppers/best-memory-foam-mattress-topper) - MATTRESS PADS - [Best Mattress Pads](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-pads) - [Cooling Mattress Pads](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-pads/best-cooling-mattress-pad) - PROTECTORS - [The Best Mattress Protectors of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-protectors) - [Best Full Mattress Encasements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress-protectors/best-mattress-encasements) - [![Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Saatva-Lightweight-Down-Alternative-Comforter-253x140-1.jpeg) Best Cooling Comforters of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding/best-cooling-comforter) - [All Bedding](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bedding) - Sleep Solutions Sleep Solutions - [All Solutions](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-solutions) - Get Sleep Tested - AT-HOME TESTING - [Buy an At-Home Sleep Test](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu) - [What's an At-Home Sleep Test?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/at-home-sleep-study) - IN-LAB TESTING - [How Does a Sleep Study Work?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-does-a-sleep-study-work) - [How Much Does a Sleep Study Cost?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-much-does-a-sleep-study-cost) - [![At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test) [![ResMed\_AirSense\_11\_Machine\_Package\_1](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-machines) - Sleep Therapy - CPAP - [The Best CPAP Machines](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-machines) - [Top-Rated CPAP Masks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-mask) - [Need Therapy? Start Here](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test?cta_location=main_menu) - ANTI-SNORING - [The Best Anti-Snoring Mouthpieces](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-anti-snoring-mouthpieces-and-mouthguards) - [Mouth Taping](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/snoring/mouth-taping-for-sleep) - [CPAP Alternatives](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea/alternatives-to-cpap) - SERVICES & SUPPLEMENTS - [The Best Sleep Apps of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-apps) - [The Best Magnesium Supplements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/magnesium/best-magnesium-for-sleep) - [Best Sleep Supplements](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-aids/natural-sleep-aids) - [![At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test) [![ResMed\_AirSense\_11\_Machine\_Package\_1](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-machines) - Sleep Environment - SLEEP TECH - [The Best Sleep Trackers We've Tested](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-trackers) - [Top-Rated White Noise Machines](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-white-noise-machines) - BED FRAMES - [The Best Adjustable Beds](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-adjustable-bed) - [Our Favorite Bed Frames](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-bed-frames) - PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS - [Blue Light Blocking Glasses](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses) - [Wake-Up Lights](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-wake-up-lights) - [Sleep Masks](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-sleep-products/best-sleep-masks) - [![At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/SF_HST_CTA_Image-1-300x161.png) At Home Sleep Study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/home-sleep-test) [![ResMed\_AirSense\_11\_Machine\_Package\_1](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ResMed_AirSense_11_Machine_Package_1-300x300.webp) Best CPAP Machines of 2026](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-cpap-machines) - [All Solutions](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-solutions) - Sleep Health Sleep Health - [All Health](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics) - Sleep Disorders - COMMON DISORDERS - [Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia) - [Parasomnias](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias) - [Excessive Sleepiness](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/excessive-sleepiness) - BREATHING-RELATED - [Sleep Apnea](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea) - [Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea/obstructive-sleep-apnea) - [Central Sleep Apnea](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea/central-sleep-apnea) - MOVEMENT-RELATED - [Sleepwalking](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/sleepwalking) - [Bruxism](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/bruxism) - [Restless Legs Syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/restless-legs-syndrome) - TESTING & TREATMENTS - [CPAP](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/cpap) - [Home Sleep Test](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/at-home-sleep-study) - [What to Do When You Can't Sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/what-do-when-you-cant-sleep) - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/melatonin/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take) [![group of people drinking coffee](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages) - Improve Your Sleep - SLEEP HABITS - [The Ultimate Sleep Improvement Plan](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-habits) - [The 20 Most Proven Sleep Tips](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene/healthy-sleep-tips) - [Sleep Hygiene](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene) - SLEEP AIDS - [Melatonin](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/melatonin) - [Magnesium](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/magnesium) - [The Most Effective Sleep Aids](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-aids) - TOOLS & PRODUCTS - [Sleep Calculator](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-calculator) - [7 Nights to Better Sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-habits/7-night-sleep-habit-builder) - [Submit Your Sleep Story](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/submit-your-sleep-story) - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/melatonin/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take) [![group of people drinking coffee](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages) - Understand Your Sleep - SCIENCE OF SLEEP - [How Sleep Works](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works) - [Circadian Rhythm](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/circadian-rhythm) - [The Stages of Sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/stages-of-sleep) - IMPACTS - [Snoring](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/snoring) - [Sleep Deprivation](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-deprivation) - [How Electronics Affect Your Sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-electronics-affect-sleep) - STATISTICS - [Sleep Data & Research](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/sleep-facts-statistics) - [How Much Sleep Do We Need?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need) - [![Woman Taking Melatonin](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/woman-with-melatonin-300x200.jpg) Melatonin Dosage: How Much Melatonin to Take](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/melatonin/melatonin-dosage-how-much-should-you-take) [![group of people drinking coffee](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/group-of-people-drinking-coffee-300x200.jpg) 94% of Us Drink Caffeinated Beverages. But What Does it do to Our Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/94-percent-of-us-drink-caffeinated-beverages) - [All Health](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics) - About Us About Us - Who We Are - OUR MISSION - [What We Do](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) - [Our Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are) - OUR MEDICAL TEAM - [Medical Advisory Board](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#medical-advisory-board) - OUR PROCESS - [Editorial Policy](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) - [How We Review Products](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/research-methodology) - [![Test Lab: Expert Tested. Sleeper Approved.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Bedroom-Environment-1-300x125.jpg) Test Lab: Expert Tested. 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[Read Full Bio](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/eric-suni) Want to read more about all our experts in the field? [Learn About The Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) \\| Medically Reviewed by Anis Rehman, MD ![Anis Rehman, MD](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/rehman-150x150.jpg) Anis Rehman, MD Internal Medicine Physician Dr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences. [Read Full Bio](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#anis_rehman,_md) Want to read more about all our experts in the field? [Learn About The Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) - [What Is Insomnia?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#what-is-insomnia) - [How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#how-is-insomnia-diagnosed) - [Treatments for Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#treatments-for-insomnia) Key Takeaways - Insomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments. - Nighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking. - Daytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability. - There is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions. Insomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment. ## Struggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test ![A WatchPAT One being worn by someone.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-on-a-persons-arm-768x768.jpeg) our partner at sleepdoctor.com ### 10% off Home Sleep Tests [Buy Now](https://sleepdoctor.com/cart/41836382290016:1?storefront=false&discount=SF-SSPZ40A7S9MW&cta_location=hst_global) “Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!” Dawn G. – Verified Tester ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-female-150x150.jpeg) ### Simple and convenient ### It’s simple and convenient - Equipment delivered to your doorstep - One overnight test in the comfort of your own bed ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-male-150x150.jpeg) ### Uncover sleep apnea ### Uncovers type of sleep apnea - Quietly collects data while you sleep - 98% effective in detecting sleep apnea Your browser does not support HTML5 video tag. ### Affordable & ships fast ### Affordable and ships fast - Arrives in 2-4 business days - In-lab sleep tests cost ~\$3,000+ (this one’s \$189), HSA/FSA eligible ## What Is Insomnia? Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as [sleepiness](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/excessive-sleepiness) or difficulty concentrating. Up to two-thirds of people occasionally experience [insomnia symptoms](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/symptoms). These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. A doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose. Insomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of harmful effects [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) UpToDateMore than 2 million healthcare providers around the world choose UpToDate to help make appropriate care decisions and drive better health outcomes. UpToDate delivers evidence-based clinical decision support that is clear, actionable, and rich with real-world insights.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#references-177797) , including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse, [chronic pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/pain-and-sleep), [heart disease](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-deprivation/how-sleep-deprivation-affects-your-heart), and [diabetes](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/lack-of-sleep-and-diabetes). ### [![Woman with Insomnia lying in bed looking at clock](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Types-of-Insomnia.jpg)Types of Insomnia: Not One Reason for Your Lack of Sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/types-of-insomnia) [Can’t Sleep? These Surprising Insomnia Symptoms Might Be to Blame![Early-Morning Shiftwork Affects Overnight Blood Pressure, Increases Risk of Cardiovascular Disease](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Symptoms-of-Insomnia.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/symptoms) [The Hidden Causes of Insomnia![Woman in bed unable to sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/woman-sleeping-insomnia-scaled.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/what-causes-insomnia) [Can You Die From Not Sleeping? What is Fatal Insomnia?![Worried woman lying in bed with eyes open](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Fatal-Insomnia.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/fatal-insomnia) [Is Insomnia a Mental Illness? Learn More About the Mental Health Connection![A young man suffering from insomnia sits awake in bed](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/insomnia-2.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/is-insomnia-a-mental-illness) ## Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Email-Capture-Icon.svg) ### Risk Factors for Insomnia While there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a greater risk for experiencing insomnia [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM)AASM sets standards and promotes excellence in sleep medicine health care, education, and research.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#references-164816) . These include, but are not limited to: - Being a [woman or assigned female at birth](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/insomnia-women) - Older age - Lower socioeconomic status - Medical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain - Other sleep disorders such as [restless legs syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/restless-legs-syndrome) and [sleep apnea](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea) - Mood disorders including depression and anxiety [Trusted Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/editorial-policy) National Library of Medicine, Biotech InformationThe National Center for Biotechnology Information advances science and health by providing access to biomedical and genomic information.[View Source](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#references-79507) - Having an immediatefamily member with insomnia It is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors. ### [![Stressed woman rubbing temples](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Stress-and-Insomnia.jpg)The Link Between Stress and Sleepless Nights, Explained](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/stress-and-insomnia) [Insomnia in Older Adults: What’s Normal and When to Seek Help![senior sleeping](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/senior-sleeping.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/older-adults) [Women and Insomnia: Uncovering the Hormonal Triggers Behind Sleepless Nights![Woman seated in bed suffering from insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Insomnia-and-Women.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/insomnia-women) [Post‑Surgery Insomnia: What’s Normal and When to Be Concerned![stock photo of a man experiencing insomnia in a hospital](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/man-in-hospital-bed.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/insomnia-after-surgery) [Can Working Out Help You Sleep Better? What the Science Says![Woman Exercising Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/insomnia-exercise-scaled.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/exercise-and-insomnia) ## How Is Insomnia Diagnosed? Doctors generally diagnose insomnia by evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history. Typically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a [sleep diary](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-diary) for a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms. If a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a[sleep study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-does-a-sleep-study-work), may be ordered. ### - [![Diagnosing Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Diganosing-Insomnia.jpg)Can’t Sleep? Here’s How Doctors Diagnose Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/diagnosis) - [![A Woman Trying to Sleep while Her Husband is Snoring](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/pexels-kampus-7556636-scaled.jpg)Is it Insomnia or is it This Deadly Sleep Disorder?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/sleep-apnea-vs-insomnia/) - [![A man in awake in bed at night due to insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/anxiety-insomnia.jpg)The Vicious Cycle That’s Stealing Your Sleep and Sanity](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mental-health/anxiety-vs-insomnia) - [![A woman lies awake in bed.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/shutterstock_1160037781.jpg)Is Your Mind Betraying Your Body? The Strange Case of “Fake” Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/paradoxical-insomnia) ## Treatments for Insomnia [Treatment for insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment) depends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep. It is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support [sleep hygiene](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene). Temporary use of a prescription [sleep aid](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-aids) may be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from [cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)](https://sleepdoctor.com/products/cbt-i-sleep-based-program). A few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months. ### [![Treatments for Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Treatments-for-Insomnia.jpg)From Therapy to Medication: a Full Guide to Treating Insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment) [The Insomnia Solution That’s More Effective Than Sleeping Pills![Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): An Overview](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/14-NSF-9-L-Woman-sleeping-lying-on-pebbles_2880x1400.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-insomnia) [Natural Cures for Insomnia: From Acupressure to Yoga![Natural Cures for Insomnia: From Acupressure to Yoga](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Natural-Cures-for-Insomnia.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/natural-cures-for-insomnia) [Why Sleep Restriction Is the Key to Unlocking Deeper Sleep![image of a woman writing in a notebook](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/woman-writing-in-notebook.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/sleep-restriction-therapy) [Our Expert’s Top Tips for Getting Back to Sleep![Stock photo of woman listening to guided meditation before sleep](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Sleep-Meditation.jpg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment/what-do-when-you-cant-sleep) ### ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/themes/onecaremedia-child/assets/images/sf-question-bubble.svg) ### Still have questions? Ask our community\! Join our [Sleep Care Community](https://community.sleepfoundation.org/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best. [About Our Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) ![Eric Suni](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Eric-Suni-Headshot-150x150.jpg) Written By ### Eric Suni, Contributing Writer Eric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute. ![Anis Rehman, MD](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/rehman-150x150.jpg) Medically Reviewed by ### Anis Rehman, MD, Internal Medicine Physician MD Dr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences. [Learn more about our Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#team) ## References 4 Sources 1. Bonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults> 2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL. <https://aasm.org/> 3. Bjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32265811/> 4. Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults> ## Other Articles of Interest ### How Sleep Works [How to Lucid Dream?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/dreams/lucid-dreams) [Recommended Sleep Times](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need) [Why Do We Need Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/why-do-we-need-sleep) [Can You Catch Up On Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/sleep-debt-and-catch-up-sleep) [What Happens When You Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/what-happens-when-you-sleep) ### Children, Teens & Sleep [When Do Kids Stop Napping?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/children-and-sleep/when-do-kids-stop-napping) [Why is Sleep Important For Children?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/children-and-sleep) [Bedtime Routines for Kids](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/children-and-sleep/bedtime-routine) [How Does Blue Light Affect Kids Sleep?](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/children-and-sleep/how-blue-light-affects-kids-sleep) [Sleep Strategies for Kids](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/children-and-sleep/sleep-strategies-kids) ### Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders [Non-24 Sleep Wake Disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/non-24-sleep-wake-disorder) [Shift Work Disorder](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/shift-work-disorder) [Learn About Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorders) [Jet Lag](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/travel-and-sleep/jet-lag) ### Sleep Solutions [Best Mattress](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress) [Mattress Reviews](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mattress-reviews) [Best Pillows](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-pillows) [Best Mattress for Side Sleepers](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-side-sleepers) [Best Mattress for Back Pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/best-mattress/best-mattress-for-back-pain) [![Sleep Foundation Logo](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/sd-logo-footer.svg)](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/) Sleep Foundation and SleepFoundation.org are not affiliated with the National Sleep Foundation, an independent nonprofit based in Washington, DC. The content on this website is for informational purposes only. SleepFoundation.org does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment options. Sleep Information - [Sleep Products](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-solutions) - [Sleep Health](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics) - [Sleep Disorders](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders) - [Sleep News](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news) Sleep Foundation - [About Us](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us) - [Contact Us](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/contact) - [Sleep Care Community](https://community.sleepfoundation.org/) - [How We Review Products](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/research-methodology) Sleep Profile Your daily habits and environment can significantly impact the quality of your sleep. Take the Sleep Quiz to help inform your sleep improvement journey. 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Readable Markdown	[Skip to content](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia#post_content) Key Takeaways - Insomnia is defined as difficulty either falling or staying asleep that is accompanied by daytime impairments. - Nighttime insomnia symptoms can include trouble sleeping and early waking. - Daytime insomnia symptoms may include fatigue, impaired memory, and irritability. - There is no single established cause of insomnia, and insomnia disorders can often occur alongside other health conditions. Insomnia is one of the most common health concerns among adults. Insomnia causes sleep issues that interfere with daily life and can be debilitating for some people. Many factors may contribute to insomnia, including stress, medications, and an individual’s sleep habits and environment. ## Struggling to Stay Awake? Take an At-Home Sleep Test ![A WatchPAT One being worn by someone.](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-on-a-persons-arm-768x768.jpeg) our partner at sleepdoctor.com ### 10% off Home Sleep Tests [Buy Now](https://sleepdoctor.com/cart/41836382290016:1?storefront=false&discount=SF-SSPZ40A7S9MW&cta_location=hst_global) “Truly grateful for this home sleep test. Fair pricing and improved my sleep!” Dawn G. – Verified Tester ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-female-150x150.jpeg) ### Simple and convenient ### It’s simple and convenient - Equipment delivered to your doorstep - One overnight test in the comfort of your own bed ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/watchpat-one-worn-during-sleep-male-150x150.jpeg) ### Uncover sleep apnea ### Uncovers type of sleep apnea - Quietly collects data while you sleep - 98% effective in detecting sleep apnea Your browser does not support HTML5 video tag. ### Affordable & ships fast ### Affordable and ships fast - Arrives in 2-4 business days - In-lab sleep tests cost ~\$3,000+ (this one’s \$189), HSA/FSA eligible Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, even if you have ample time and a bedroom environment conducive to restful sleep. An insomnia diagnosis requires these sleep troubles to also cause daytime impairments, such as [sleepiness](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/excessive-sleepiness) or difficulty concentrating. Up to two-thirds of people occasionally experience [insomnia symptoms](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/symptoms). These bouts of sleeplessness may or may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis of insomnia, depending on how long they last and whether they cause distress or interfere with daily functioning. But it is important for anyone who has concerns about their sleep to discuss them with a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. A doctor can ask questions to better understand your situation and order tests to determine if an insomnia diagnosis is appropriate. Symptoms of insomnia can overlap with symptoms of other sleep disorders, so it is important to work with a professional rather than attempting to self-diagnose. Insomnia that goes untreated, leading to long-term sleep deprivation, is linked with a number of harmful effects , including lower quality of life and increased risk for substance abuse, [chronic pain](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/pain-and-sleep), [heart disease](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-deprivation/how-sleep-deprivation-affects-your-heart), and [diabetes](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/lack-of-sleep-and-diabetes). ## Say Goodbye to Insomnia Sign up to receive emails about how to improve your sleep, as well as our comprehensive Better Sleep Guidebook. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Email-Capture-Icon.svg) ### Risk Factors for Insomnia While there is no single cause of insomnia, studies have identified factors that can put a person at a greater risk for experiencing insomnia . These include, but are not limited to: - Being a [woman or assigned female at birth](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/insomnia-women) - Older age - Lower socioeconomic status - Medical conditions like diabetes and chronic pain - Other sleep disorders such as [restless legs syndrome](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/restless-legs-syndrome) and [sleep apnea](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea) - Mood disorders including depression and anxiety - Having an immediatefamily member with insomnia It is important to note that not everyone who has one or more of these risk factors will have insomnia, and not everyone with insomnia will have one of these risk factors. Doctors generally diagnose insomnia by evaluating a person’s sleep habits and medical history. Typically, a patient’s description of their symptoms informs their insomnia diagnosis. A doctor may instruct patients to keep a [sleep diary](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-diary) for a week or more, which can provide insight about a person’s sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, and lifestyle choices that may contribute to sleep problems. Other self-reporting diagnostic tools, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, may be used by medical professionals in a clinical setting to determine the severity of insomnia symptoms. If a doctor needs to rule out other sleep disorders that could be causing a person’s symptoms, other assessments, such as a[sleep study](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-studies/how-does-a-sleep-study-work), may be ordered. [Treatment for insomnia](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/treatment) depends on how long a person has been experiencing sleep issues and any specific factors that are contributing to their sleep loss. If insomnia is associated with another condition, such as sleep apnea or depression, treatment of the other condition often improves sleep. It is important to get help with insomnia sooner than later. For people with short-term insomnia, care may be focused on discussing practices to support [sleep hygiene](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene). Temporary use of a prescription [sleep aid](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-aids) may be an option if the insomnia is causing high levels of concern or distress. People with insomnia may also benefit from [cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)](https://sleepdoctor.com/products/cbt-i-sleep-based-program). A few treatment approaches are available for people with insomnia that persists for weeks or months. ![](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/themes/onecaremedia-child/assets/images/sf-question-bubble.svg) ### Still have questions? Ask our community\! Join our [Sleep Care Community](https://community.sleepfoundation.org/) — a trusted hub of sleep health professionals, product specialists, and people just like you. Whether you need expert sleep advice for your insomnia or you’re searching for the perfect mattress, we’ve got you covered. Get personalized guidance from the experts who know sleep best. ![Eric Suni](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Eric-Suni-Headshot-150x150.jpg) Written By ### Eric Suni, Contributing Writer Eric Suni has over a decade of experience as a science writer and was previously an information specialist for the National Cancer Institute. ![Anis Rehman, MD](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/rehman-150x150.jpg) Medically Reviewed by ### Anis Rehman, MD, Internal Medicine Physician MD Dr. Anis Rehman, MD is an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified physician in Internal Medicine as well as Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism who practices in Illinois. He completed his residency at Cleveland Clinic Akron General, and fellowship training at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio. Dr. Rehman has several dozens of research publications in reputable journals and conferences. [Learn more about our Editorial Team](https://www.sleepfoundation.org/about-us/who-we-are#team) ## References 4 Sources 1. Bonnet, M., & Arand, D. (2022, April 15). Risk factors, comorbidities, and consequences of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-comorbidities-and-consequences-of-insomnia-in-adults> 2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). The International Classification of Sleep Disorders – Third Edition (ICSD-3). Darien, IL. <https://aasm.org/> 3. Bjorøy, I., Jørgensen, V. A., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2020). The prevalence of insomnia subtypes in relation to demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, alcohol consumption and use of hypnotics. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 527. <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32265811/> 4. Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2021, June 18). Evaluation and diagnosis of insomnia in adults. In R. Benca (Ed.). UpToDate., Retrieved June 5, 2023, from <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-and-diagnosis-of-insomnia-in-adults>
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