🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 93 (from laksa122)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa093.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses","crawl_time":1776220306,"first_indexed_time":1751347545,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"sg,com,singhealth!www,\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses s443","src_root_hash":"12117085593994098693","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Pneumonia","meta_descriptions":["Read about Pneumonia: infection of the lungs, which can be caused by viruses or by bacteria, treatment by antibiotics and discharge instructions for home treatment on pneumonia . KKH shares more."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"What is - Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs.\nSymptoms of Pneumonia (Child)\nSigns and symptoms of pneumonia may include:\nFever with or without chills\nCough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough\nDifficulty in breathing or rapid breathing\nChest pain when coughing or breathing\nNausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea\nFatigue\nNewborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding.\nPneumonia (Child) - How to prevent\nGet vaccinated.\nPneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he\/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine.\nInfluenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination.\nMaintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia.\nAvoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections.\nImprove your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly.\nPneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors\nPneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia.\nDiagnosis of Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and\/or blood tests.\nTreatment for Pneumonia (Child)\nChildren with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest).\nMedications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years).\nThe information provided is not intended as medical advice.\nTerms of use\n. Information provided by SingHealth.","attrs_markdown":"SingHealth Institutions will NEVER ask you to transfer money over a call. 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Please proceed with a valid query.*\n\n- [Symptoms & Treatments](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments.html)\n- [Find a Doctor](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/doctor.html)\n- [Our Institutions]()\n- [Our Specialties](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/our-specialties.html)\n- [Patient Services](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/patient-services.html)\n- [Community Care]()\n- [I Want To…]()\n\n[Education](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/education.html) [Research & Innovation](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/research-innovation.html) [Giving](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/giving.html)\n\n[SingHealth](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/singhealth-web\/singhealth)   [Symptoms & Treatments](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/singhealth-web\/singhealth\/en\/symptoms-treatments\/symptoms-treatments-medical-conditions)   [Pneumonia]()\n\n[![WhatsApp](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/dam\/singhealth-web\/admin-assets\/social-share-icons\/whatsapp%20icon.svg)](https:\/\/wa.me\/?text=Hi%20everyone,%20please%20check%20this%20out:%20https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses.html)\n\n[![Facebook](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/dam\/singhealth-web\/admin-assets\/social-share-icons\/Facebook%20Icon.svg)](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses.html)\n\n[![Twitter](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/dam\/singhealth-web\/admin-assets\/social-share-icons\/Twitter%20Icon.svg)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses&text=Hi%20everyone,%20please%20check%20this%20out:)\n\n[![Email](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/dam\/singhealth-web\/admin-assets\/social-share-icons\/Email%20Icon.svg)](mailto:example@example.com?body=https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses)\n\n[![Copy-To-Clipboard](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/dam\/singhealth-web\/admin-assets\/social-share-icons\/link%20icon.svg)]()\n\n# Pneumonia (Child)\nSymptoms \\| Treatments\n\n[Request an Appointment](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/content\/singhealth-web\/common\/en\/appointments.html)\n\n[What is](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses)\n\n- [What is](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_1)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_2)\n- [How to prevent](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_3)\n- [Causes and Risk Factors](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_4)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_5)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_6)\n- [Condition Treated At](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#condition_treated)\n- [Test & Procedures](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#testandprocedure)\n- [Medicine](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#medicineheadong)\n\n[What is](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_1)\n\n[Symptoms](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_2)\n\n[How to prevent](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_3)\n\n[Causes and Risk Factors](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_4)\n\n[Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_5)\n\n[Treatment](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/symptoms-treatments\/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_6)\n\n## What is - Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs.\n\n## Symptoms of Pneumonia (Child)\n**Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include:**\n\n- Fever with or without chills\n- Cough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough\n- Difficulty in breathing or rapid breathing\n- Chest pain when coughing or breathing\n- Nausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea\n- Fatigue\n- Newborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding.\n\n## Pneumonia (Child) - How to prevent\nGet vaccinated.\n\n1. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he\/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine.\n2. Influenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination.\n3. Maintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia.\n4. Avoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections.\n5. Improve your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly.\n\n## Pneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors\nPneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia.\n\n## Diagnosis of Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and\/or blood tests.\n\n## Treatment for Pneumonia (Child)\nChildren with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest).\n\nMedications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years).\n\n##### Contributed by\n##### [Respiratory Medicine Service](https:\/\/www.kkh.com.sg\/our-specialties\/respiratory-medicine.html), [KK Women's and Children's Hospital](https:\/\/www.kkh.com.sg\/)\n\nThe information provided is not intended as medical advice. [Terms of use](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/about-singhealth\/corporate-governance\/terms-of-use). 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All Rights Reserved.\n\n[Terms of Use](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/about-singhealth\/corporate-governance\/terms-of-use.html \"Terms of Use\")\n\n[Sitemap](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/sitemap.html \"Sitemap\")\n\n[PDPA](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/about-singhealth\/corporate-governance\/personal-data-protection-act.html \"PDPA\")\n\n[Rate Our Website](https:\/\/form.gov.sg\/6433702091f2a60011669e68 \"Rate Our Website\")\n\n[Report Vulnerability](https:\/\/www.synapxe.sg\/report-vulnerability \"Report Vulnerability\")","attrs_readable_markdown":"## What is - Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs.\n\n## Symptoms of Pneumonia (Child)\n**Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include:** Fever with or without chills Cough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough Difficulty in breathing or rapid breathing Chest pain when coughing or breathing Nausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea Fatigue Newborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding.\n\n## Pneumonia (Child) - How to prevent\nGet vaccinated. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he\/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine. Influenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination. Maintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia. Avoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections. Improve your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly.\n\n## Pneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors\nPneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia.\n\n## Diagnosis of Pneumonia (Child)\nPneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and\/or blood tests.\n\n## Treatment for Pneumonia (Child)\nChildren with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest). Medications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years).\n\nThe information provided is not intended as medical advice. [Terms of use](https:\/\/www.singhealth.com.sg\/about-singhealth\/corporate-governance\/terms-of-use). Information provided by SingHealth.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses
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Meta Title	Pneumonia
Meta Description	Read about Pneumonia: infection of the lungs, which can be caused by viruses or by bacteria, treatment by antibiotics and discharge instructions for home treatment on pneumonia . KKH shares more.
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Boilerpipe Text	What is - Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs. Symptoms of Pneumonia (Child) Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include: Fever with or without chills Cough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough Difficulty in breathing or rapid breathing Chest pain when coughing or breathing Nausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea Fatigue Newborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding. Pneumonia (Child) - How to prevent Get vaccinated. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine. Influenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination. Maintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia. Avoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections. Improve your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly. Pneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia. Diagnosis of Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and/or blood tests. Treatment for Pneumonia (Child) Children with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest). Medications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years). The information provided is not intended as medical advice. Terms of use . Information provided by SingHealth.
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Please proceed with a valid query. - [Symptoms & Treatments](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments.html) - [Find a Doctor](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/doctor.html) - [Our Institutions]() - [Our Specialties](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/our-specialties.html) - [Patient Services](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-services.html) - [Community Care]() - [I Want To…]() [Education](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/education.html) [Research & Innovation](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/research-innovation.html) [Giving](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/giving.html) [SingHealth](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/singhealth-web/singhealth) [Symptoms & Treatments](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/singhealth-web/singhealth/en/symptoms-treatments/symptoms-treatments-medical-conditions) [Pneumonia]() [![WhatsApp](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/dam/singhealth-web/admin-assets/social-share-icons/whatsapp%20icon.svg)](https://wa.me/?text=Hi%20everyone,%20please%20check%20this%20out:%20https://www.singhealth.com.sg//symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses.html) [![Facebook](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/dam/singhealth-web/admin-assets/social-share-icons/Facebook%20Icon.svg)](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.singhealth.com.sg//symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses.html) [![Twitter](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/dam/singhealth-web/admin-assets/social-share-icons/Twitter%20Icon.svg)](https://twitter.com/share?url=https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses&text=Hi%20everyone,%20please%20check%20this%20out:) [![Email](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/dam/singhealth-web/admin-assets/social-share-icons/Email%20Icon.svg)](mailto:example@example.com?body=https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses) [![Copy-To-Clipboard](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/dam/singhealth-web/admin-assets/social-share-icons/link%20icon.svg)]() # Pneumonia (Child) Symptoms \\| Treatments [Request an Appointment](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/singhealth-web/common/en/appointments.html) [What is](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses) - [What is](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_1) - [Symptoms](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_2) - [How to prevent](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_3) - [Causes and Risk Factors](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_4) - [Diagnosis](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_5) - [Treatment](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_6) - [Condition Treated At](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#condition_treated) - [Test & Procedures](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#testandprocedure) - [Medicine](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#medicineheadong) [What is](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_1) [Symptoms](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_2) [How to prevent](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_3) [Causes and Risk Factors](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_4) [Diagnosis](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_5) [Treatment](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/pneumonia-childhood-illnesses#tab_6) ## What is - Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs. ## Symptoms of Pneumonia (Child) Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include: - Fever with or without chills - Cough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough - Difficulty in breathing or rapid breathing - Chest pain when coughing or breathing - Nausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea - Fatigue - Newborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding. ## Pneumonia (Child) - How to prevent Get vaccinated. 1. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine. 2. Influenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination. 3. Maintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia. 4. Avoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections. 5. Improve your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly. ## Pneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia. ## Diagnosis of Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and/or blood tests. ## Treatment for Pneumonia (Child) Children with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest). Medications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years). ##### Contributed by ##### [Respiratory Medicine Service](https://www.kkh.com.sg/our-specialties/respiratory-medicine.html), [KK Women's and Children's Hospital](https://www.kkh.com.sg/) The information provided is not intended as medical advice. 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Information provided by SingHealth. ## Condition Treated At ## [![KK Women's and Children's Hospital](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/adobe/dynamicmedia/deliver/dm-aid--bfd6a61b-956f-4562-8084-a4a108f20276/kkh.png?preferwebp=true)](https://www.kkh.com.sg/content/singhealth-web/kkh/en) ![Plus](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/etc.clientlibs/singhealth/clientlibs/clientlib-site/resources/images/icons/plus%20button.svg) ![Minus](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/etc.clientlibs/singhealth/clientlibs/clientlib-site/resources/images/icons/Minus%20button.svg) Department [Respiratory Medicine Service](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/content/singhealth-web/kkh/en/our-specialties/respiratory-medicine.html) *** ![Our Medical Specialists](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/adobe/dynamicmedia/deliver/dm-p-oid--JqCZpr4gmYKfeMnlqRVD8sVSbHigHB8PvFo0PTZNQkUQIM4ETKrs37MQhBiRqHD8_HoTO24Qn0S8piSnEudjVMC3l-fbLfPFCFGknhUKobLChULTUMzGuL-hYIWYnfLY/find-gp-partner.jpg?preferwebp=true) Our Medical Specialists Get to know our doctors at SingHealth Hospitals in Singapore. 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Readable Markdown	## What is - Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is an infection of the lung. The infection is usually caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria or other germs. ## Symptoms of Pneumonia (Child) Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include: Fever with or without chills Cough which may be initially dry, but may progress to a phlegmy cough Difficulty in breathing or rapid breathing Chest pain when coughing or breathing Nausea, vomiting (usually after coughing), or diarrhoea Fatigue Newborns or infants may have lower than normal body temperature, appear restless, without energy, or have difficulty feeding. ## Pneumonia (Child) - How to prevent Get vaccinated. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent serious infections including pneumonia, by some strains of pneumococcus. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is recommended as part of the National Childhood Immunisation Schedule. Have your child vaccinated if he/she has not completed three doses of the vaccine. Influenza vaccine can prevent influenza pneumonia and other complications of influenza. Children above six months old can be given the vaccine. Pregnant women should be vaccinated to protect themselves and their unborn child up till the child is six months old. Children with certain high risk medical conditions may also benefit from yearly influenza vaccination. Maintain good hygiene. Keep your child’s and your hands clean through regular hand-washing, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, to protect your child against respiratory infections that may lead to pneumonia. Avoid smoke exposure. Smoking and inhaling second-hand smoke damages your child’s natural ability to fight against respiratory infections. Improve your immune system. Ensure your child has a healthy diet, gets enough sleep and exercises regularly. ## Pneumonia (Child) - Causes and Risk Factors Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses, bacteria or other germs. Common organisms that cause pneumonia include Respiratory Syncytical Virus, Influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. Most children who develop pneumonia are previously healthy with normal immune system. Pre-existing illnesses (e.g. chronic lung disease, weak immune system etc.) increase a child’s risk of contracting pneumonia. ## Diagnosis of Pneumonia (Child) Pneumonia is diagnosed by the doctor with thorough history taking and physical examination. Sometimes, there may be a need to perform a chest x-ray and/or blood tests. ## Treatment for Pneumonia (Child) Children with pneumonia often need supportive treatment to control the fever and maintain good hydration. Antibiotics are only prescribed for children who have bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia with suspected concurrent bacterial infection. With the start of a course of appropriate antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, the fever usually starts improving within two to three days. The cough may take longer, up to two weeks, to resolve. However, in severe cases of pneumonia, your child will need to be admitted to the hospital for closer observation, antibiotics, oxygen therapy etc. Rarely, procedures such as chest tube insertion or surgery may be required in those with severe pneumonia who develop complications such as effusion (collection of fluid in the chest) or empyema (collection of pus in the chest). Medications to suppress the cough (cough suppressants) or loosen the phlegm (mucolytics) are not routinely indicated for children with pneumonia. They may have little beneficial effect (if any) and may do more harm than good in young children (under 2 years). The information provided is not intended as medical advice. [Terms of use](https://www.singhealth.com.sg/about-singhealth/corporate-governance/terms-of-use). Information provided by SingHealth.
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