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1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 111 (from laksa159)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa111.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/","crawl_time":1776727833,"first_indexed_time":1716188997,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,psychiatryadvisor!www,\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/ s443","src_root_hash":"1113246904591502511","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms","meta_descriptions":["Long COVID is associated with a significantly higher burden of comorbid psychiatric symptoms, including depression and anxiety."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Adults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in\nJAMA Network Open\n. However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care.\nPrevious research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified.\nTo evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties,\ncognitive\ndifficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8).\nA total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated.\n“\nAt the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with [long COVID] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for [long COVID].\nRelative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to:\nmoderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55),\nanxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19),\nsleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29),\ncognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50),\nand disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86).\nDespite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of\ndepression\nor\nanxiety\nwere more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID.\nThe researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with [long COVID] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable\nmental health\nsupports when designing care pathways for [long COVID].”\nStudy limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric\nsymptoms\nrelative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether\npsychiatric\ndistress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design.","attrs_markdown":"Menu SECTIONS\n\n- [News](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/)\n- [Features](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/features\/)\n- [CME](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/psychiatry-cme-courses\/)\n- [Clinical Tools](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/clinical-tools\/)\n- [Conferences](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/conferences\/)\n- [Special Collections](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/special-collections\/)\n- [Fact Sheets](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/hm-article-type\/fact-sheets\/)\n- [Multimedia](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/multimedia\/)\n\n- [Topics]()\n  - [Addiction Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/addiction-disorders\/)\n  - [Anxiety Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/anxiety-disorders\/)\n  - [Bipolar and Related Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/bipolar-and-related-disorders\/)\n  - [Depressive Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/depressive-disorders\/)\n  - [Eating Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/eating-disorders\/)\n  - [General Medicine](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/general-medicine\/)\n  - [General Psychiatry](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/general-psychiatry\/)\n  - [Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/impulse-control-and-conduct-disorders\/)\n  - [Neurocognitive Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/neurocognitive-disorders\/)\n  - [Neurodevelopmental Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/neurodevelopmental-disorders\/)\n  - [Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/obsessive-compulsive-disorders\/)\n  - [Personality Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/personality-disorders\/)\n  - [Practice Management](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/practice-management\/)\n  - [Schizophrenia Spectrum and Psychotic Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/schizophrenia-spectrum-and-psychotic-disorders\/)\n  - [Sleep-Wake Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/sleep-wake-disorders\/)\n  - [Somatic Symptom Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/somatic-symptom-disorders\/)\n  - [Trauma-Related Disorders](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/trauma-related-disorders\/)\n\n- [Haymarket Medical Network](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/)\n  - [Cancer Therapy Advisor](https:\/\/www.cancertherapyadvisor.com\/)\n  - [Clinical Advisor](https:\/\/www.clinicaladvisor.com\/)\n  - 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[Rheumatology Advisor](https:\/\/www.rheumatologyadvisor.com\/)\n  - [Sleep Wake Advisor](https:\/\/www.sleepwakeadvisor.com\/)\n  - [The Cardiology Advisor](https:\/\/www.thecardiologyadvisor.com\/)\n  - [Vaccine Advisor](https:\/\/www.vaccineadvisor.com\/)\n\n[![psychiatryadvisor logo](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/logos\/psychiatryadvisor.svg)](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/)\n\nPart of the [![HMN logo](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/HMN-logo-1line.svg)](https:\/\/www.haymarketmedicalnetwork.com\/about)\n\n- [News and Features](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news-and-features\/)\n- [CME](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/psychiatry-cme-courses\/)\n- [Conferences](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/conferences\/)\n- [Clinical Tools](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/clinical-tools\/)\n- [Special Collections](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/special-collections\/)\n- [Multimedia](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/multimedia\/)\n\nShare this article\n\n- [![facebook share](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/facebook-social-share.svg) Share on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/)\n- [![twitter share](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/twitter-social-share-x.svg) Share on Twitter](https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/&text=Adults%20With%20Long%20COVID%20Are%20Twice%20as%20Likely%20to%20Report%20Psychiatric%20Symptoms)\n- [![linkedin share](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/linkedin-social-share.svg) Share on LinkedIn](http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms\/)\n- [![email](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/email-social-share.svg) Share by Email](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection#b986eaccdbd3dcdacd84f8ddccd5cdca9c8b89eed0cdd19c8b89f5d6d7de9c8b89faf6eff0fd9c8b89f8cbdc9c8b89edced0dadc9c8b89d8ca9c8b89f5d0d2dcd5c09c8b89cdd69c8b89ebdcc9d6cbcd9c8b89e9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbd0da9c8b89eac0d4c9cdd6d4ca9f9a898a8182fbd6ddc084fad1dcdad29c8b89d6cccd9c8b89cdd1d0ca9c8b89d8cbcdd0dad5dc9c8b89d8cd839c8b8991d1cdcdc9ca839696cecece97c9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbc0d8ddcfd0cad6cb97dad6d496d7dcceca96d5d6d7de94dad6cfd0dd94c9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbd0da94cac0d4c9cdd6d4ca96)\n- [![print](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/print-social-share.svg) Print]()\n\n[General Psychiatry](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/subjects\/general-psychiatry\/)\n\n# Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/06\/IMG_0962-e1744307341194-150x150.jpeg)[Lisa Kuhns, PhD](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/author\/lisa-kuhns-phd)\n\n\\|\n\nPublish Date\n\nMay 7, 2024\n\n![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/hm-advisor-child\/assets\/svg\/key-point_icon.svg) Individuals with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience depression, anxiety, sleep issues, and cognitive impairment, relative to controls.\n\nAdults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in *JAMA Network Open*. However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care.\n\nPrevious research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified.\n\nTo evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties, [cognitive](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/covid19-hospitalization-neuropsychiatric-symptoms\/) difficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8).\n\nA total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated.\n\n“\n\nAt the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \\[long COVID\\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for \\[long COVID\\].\n\nRelative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to:\n\n- moderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio \\[aOR\\], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55),\n- anxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19),\n- sleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29),\n- cognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50),\n- and disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86).\n\nDespite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of [depression](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/home\/topics\/mood-disorders\/depressive-disorder\/air-pollution-prenatal-depression-and-gestational-hypertension\/) or [anxiety](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/covid-19-vaccination-psychiatric-complications\/) were more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID.\n\nThe researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \\[long COVID\\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable [mental health](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/psychotropic-prescribing-patterns-covid19\/) supports when designing care pathways for \\[long COVID\\].”\n\nStudy limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric [symptoms](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/lithium-aspartate-not-effective-long-covid-fatigue-cognitive-impairment\/) relative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether [psychiatric](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/home\/topics\/general-psychiatry\/psychiatric-disorder-risk-cardiometabolic-health\/) distress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design.\n\nReferences:\n\nNaik H, Tran KC, Staples JA, Perlis RH, Levin A. [Psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake, and barriers to mental health care among US adults with post-COVID-19 condition](https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2818092). *JAMA Netw Open*. Published online April 25, 2024. doi:10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.8481\n\n- ![Related Icon](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/hm-related-recommendations-manager\/assets\/images\/related-icon.svg)\n  \n  #### Related News\n  \n  - [COVID-19 Lockdown Measures Linked to Higher Risk for Psychotic Experiences in Adults](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/covid-19-lockdown-measures-linked-to-higher-risk-for-psychotic-experiences-in-adults\/)\n  - [Consensus Recommendations: Management of Tardive Dyskinesia Among Older Adults in Long-Term Care](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/consensus-recommendations-management-of-tardive-dyskinesia-among-older-adults-in-long-term-care\/)\n  - [Long COVID Linked to Higher Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment](https:\/\/www.neurologyadvisor.com\/news\/long-covid-incidence-mild-cognitive-impairment\/)\n- ![Top Picks Icon](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/hm-related-recommendations-manager\/assets\/images\/top-pick-icon.svg)\n  \n  #### Top Picks\n  from our\n  \n  Haymarket Medical Network\n  \n  1. [Higher Income Patients With CRC More Likely to Receive Screening, Tumor-Directed Treatments](https:\/\/www.cancertherapyadvisor.com\/news\/higher-income-crc-screening-tumor-directed-treatments\/)\n  2. [Most Adults Report Source of Usual Health Care in US in 2024](https:\/\/www.dermatologyadvisor.com\/news\/most-adults-report-source-of-usual-health-care-in-us-in-2024\/)\n  3. 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All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in any form without prior authorization. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Media’s [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.haymarketmediaus.com\/haymarket-media-inc-privacy-policy\/) and [Terms & Conditions.](https:\/\/www.haymarketmediaus.com\/haymarket-media-inc-terms-and-conditions-of-service\/)\n\n![close logo](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/close.svg)  Close more info about Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n\nLoading... ![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/spinner.svg)\n\n![close logo](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/close.svg)  Close more info about Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n\nLoading... ![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/spinner.svg)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/hm-gating-and-metering-manager\/assets\/svg\/close.svg)  Close more info about Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n\n![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/hm-gating-and-metering-manager\/assets\/svg\/close.svg)  Close more info about Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n\nLoading... ![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/spinner.svg)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/hm-gating-and-metering-manager\/assets\/svg\/close.svg)  Close more info about Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms\n\nLoading... ![](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/wp-content\/themes\/haymarket\/assets\/svg\/src\/spinner.svg)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Adults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in *JAMA Network Open*. However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care.\n\nPrevious research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified.\n\nTo evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties, [cognitive](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/covid19-hospitalization-neuropsychiatric-symptoms\/) difficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8).\n\nA total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated.\n\n“\n\nAt the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \\[long COVID\\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for \\[long COVID\\].\n\nRelative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to:\n\n- moderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio \\[aOR\\], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55),\n- anxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19),\n- sleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29),\n- cognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50),\n- and disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86).\n\nDespite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of [depression](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/home\/topics\/mood-disorders\/depressive-disorder\/air-pollution-prenatal-depression-and-gestational-hypertension\/) or [anxiety](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/covid-19-vaccination-psychiatric-complications\/) were more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID.\n\nThe researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \\[long COVID\\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable [mental health](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/psychotropic-prescribing-patterns-covid19\/) supports when designing care pathways for \\[long COVID\\].”\n\nStudy limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric [symptoms](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/news\/lithium-aspartate-not-effective-long-covid-fatigue-cognitive-impairment\/) relative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether [psychiatric](https:\/\/www.psychiatryadvisor.com\/home\/topics\/general-psychiatry\/psychiatric-disorder-risk-cardiometabolic-health\/) distress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/long-covid-psychiatric-symptoms/
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Meta Title	Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms
Meta Description	Long COVID is associated with a significantly higher burden of comorbid psychiatric symptoms, including depression and anxiety.
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Boilerpipe Text	Adults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in JAMA Network Open . However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care. Previous research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified. To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties, cognitive difficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). A total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated. “ At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with [long COVID] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for [long COVID]. Relative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to: moderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55), anxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19), sleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29), cognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50), and disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86). Despite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety were more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID. The researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with [long COVID] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for [long COVID].” Study limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric symptoms relative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether psychiatric distress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design.
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[![email](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/themes/hm-advisor-child/assets/svg/email-social-share.svg) Share by Email](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#b986eaccdbd3dcdacd84f8ddccd5cdca9c8b89eed0cdd19c8b89f5d6d7de9c8b89faf6eff0fd9c8b89f8cbdc9c8b89edced0dadc9c8b89d8ca9c8b89f5d0d2dcd5c09c8b89cdd69c8b89ebdcc9d6cbcd9c8b89e9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbd0da9c8b89eac0d4c9cdd6d4ca9f9a898a8182fbd6ddc084fad1dcdad29c8b89d6cccd9c8b89cdd1d0ca9c8b89d8cbcdd0dad5dc9c8b89d8cd839c8b8991d1cdcdc9ca839696cecece97c9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbc0d8ddcfd0cad6cb97dad6d496d7dcceca96d5d6d7de94dad6cfd0dd94c9cac0dad1d0d8cdcbd0da94cac0d4c9cdd6d4ca96) - [![print](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/themes/hm-advisor-child/assets/svg/print-social-share.svg) Print]() [General Psychiatry](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/subjects/general-psychiatry/) # Adults With Long COVID Are Twice as Likely to Report Psychiatric Symptoms ![](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/06/IMG_0962-e1744307341194-150x150.jpeg)[Lisa Kuhns, PhD](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/author/lisa-kuhns-phd) \\| Publish Date May 7, 2024 ![](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/themes/hm-advisor-child/assets/svg/key-point_icon.svg) Individuals with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience depression, anxiety, sleep issues, and cognitive impairment, relative to controls. Adults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in JAMA Network Open. However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care. Previous research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified. To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties, [cognitive](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/covid19-hospitalization-neuropsychiatric-symptoms/) difficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). A total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated. “ At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \[long COVID\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for \[long COVID\]. Relative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to: - moderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio \[aOR\], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55), - anxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19), - sleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29), - cognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50), - and disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86). Despite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of [depression](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/home/topics/mood-disorders/depressive-disorder/air-pollution-prenatal-depression-and-gestational-hypertension/) or [anxiety](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/covid-19-vaccination-psychiatric-complications/) were more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID. The researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \[long COVID\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable [mental health](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/psychotropic-prescribing-patterns-covid19/) supports when designing care pathways for \[long COVID\].” Study limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric [symptoms](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/lithium-aspartate-not-effective-long-covid-fatigue-cognitive-impairment/) relative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether [psychiatric](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/home/topics/general-psychiatry/psychiatric-disorder-risk-cardiometabolic-health/) distress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design. References: Naik H, Tran KC, Staples JA, Perlis RH, Levin A. [Psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake, and barriers to mental health care among US adults with post-COVID-19 condition](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2818092). JAMA Netw Open. Published online April 25, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8481 - ![Related Icon](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/plugins/hm-related-recommendations-manager/assets/images/related-icon.svg) #### Related News - [COVID-19 Lockdown Measures Linked to Higher Risk for Psychotic Experiences in Adults](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/covid-19-lockdown-measures-linked-to-higher-risk-for-psychotic-experiences-in-adults/) - [Consensus Recommendations: Management of Tardive Dyskinesia Among Older Adults in Long-Term Care](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/consensus-recommendations-management-of-tardive-dyskinesia-among-older-adults-in-long-term-care/) - [Long COVID Linked to Higher Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment](https://www.neurologyadvisor.com/news/long-covid-incidence-mild-cognitive-impairment/) - ![Top Picks Icon](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/wp-content/plugins/hm-related-recommendations-manager/assets/images/top-pick-icon.svg) #### Top Picks from our Haymarket Medical Network 1. 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Readable Markdown	Adults with long COVID are about twice as likely to experience psychiatric symptoms than their peers without long COVID, according to study results published in JAMA Network Open. However, patients with long COVID report cost-related barriers to accessing mental health care. Previous research indicates that individuals with long COVID can experience psychiatric symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, it has been difficult to establish the prevalence of these conditions thus far, given how recently the condition was identified. To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, uptake of mental health treatment, and barriers to treatment among people experiencing long COVID, researchers analyzed data from the National Health Interview Study (NHIS) – a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted between October 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were classified as having symptomatic long COVID if they reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, had new symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months following infection, and had active symptoms at the time of the survey. The researchers used self-reported answers to survey questions to evaluate mental health treatment, cost-related barriers to care, and secondary psychiatric outcomes (ie, sleep difficulties, [cognitive](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/covid19-hospitalization-neuropsychiatric-symptoms/) difficulties, fatigue), while the primary psychiatric symptoms of interest (ie, depression and anxiety) were measured using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). A total of 25,122 respondents were included for analysis. The median age of participants was 46 years, 50.2% were women, and 19.3% had long COVID. Individuals with long COVID were more likely to be women, non-Hispanic White, and have multiple comorbidities, but less likely to have been vaccinated. “ At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \[long COVID\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable mental health supports when designing care pathways for \[long COVID\]. Relative to adults without long COVID, individuals experiencing long COVID were significantly more prone to: - moderate to severe depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio \[aOR\], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.51-2.55), - anxiety symptoms (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.53-3.19), - sleep difficulties (aOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.65-2.29), - cognitive issues (aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.66-2.50), - and disabling fatigue (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86). Despite the increased burden of these psychiatric symptoms, treatment uptake for mental health concerns within the previous 12 months did not significantly differ between individuals with long COVID and those without (28.2% vs 34.9%; AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). Furthermore, individuals with long COVID who were experiencing symptoms of [depression](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/home/topics/mood-disorders/depressive-disorder/air-pollution-prenatal-depression-and-gestational-hypertension/) or [anxiety](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/covid-19-vaccination-psychiatric-complications/) were more likely to cite cost-related barriers to accessing mental health counseling or therapy (AOR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65-2.73). Sensitivity analyses reaffirmed these findings across various subgroups and measures, emphasizing the need to address mental health challenges, particularly among individuals with long COVID. The researchers concluded, “At the individual level, clinicians should be aware that people with \[long COVID\] are about twice as likely to report psychiatric symptoms and consider routine screening for these symptoms. At the health system level, it may be useful for health care leaders to prioritize the inclusion of affordable [mental health](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/psychotropic-prescribing-patterns-covid19/) supports when designing care pathways for \[long COVID\].” Study limitations include a lack of information regarding the timing or duration of participants’ psychiatric [symptoms](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/news/lithium-aspartate-not-effective-long-covid-fatigue-cognitive-impairment/) relative to COVID-19 diagnosis and an inability to determine whether [psychiatric](https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/home/topics/general-psychiatry/psychiatric-disorder-risk-cardiometabolic-health/) distress is a risk factor for long COVID due to the cross-sectional study design.
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