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| Meta Title | Are Aliens Real? Reasons Why Alien Life May Exist on Other Planets |
| Meta Description | Here are 7 solid reasons to actually believe in aliens. We canât be the only ones in the vast expanse of the cosmos ... right? |
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| Boilerpipe Text | 1
USS Nimitz 2004 Event
On November 14, 2004, a training mission near San Diego became one that Commander David Fravor will never forgetâand remains one he still canât explain.
Fravor recalls seeing a Tic Tac-shaped object that moved much faster than the capability of any known weaponry that currently exists. âWeâre flying brand new
Super Hornets
. It was an air defense exerciseâtwo good guys against two bad guys,â
Fravor said in a History Channel video interview
. Everything seemed normal until the USS
Princeton
called upon Fravor and company for a real-world task.
Changing course, it wasnât long before Fravor and the other pilots saw something strange: what appeared to be a
sunken plane or submerging submarine
moving erratically right under the waterâs surface.
âItâs white, it has no wings, it has no rotors, I go âholy, what is that?âââ Fravor said. The UFO had no windows, and itâs reported that infrared monitors failed to pick up on any exhaust fumes.
⥠READ THIS NEXT:
The Navyâs UFO Witnesses Speak Out
Fravor says it wasnât long before his curiosity got the best of him, and he decided to get a closer look. As Fravor began descending toward the water, the craft surfaced, rapidly ascended, and began mirroring Fravorâs flight pattern. Then, in an instant, it zipped past the nose of Fravorâs jet and disappeared.
When Fravor and the other pilots got back to the USS
Nimitz
, they shared their experiences with the rest of the crew. Shortly afterward, another pilot took off in search of the UFOâand succeeded. This pilot managed to get a lock on the Tic Tac, which happens to be the footage seen here.
The Navy has officially released the footage
(after it had originally been leaked), but says the public was never supposed to see it in the first place.
2
WWII Foo Fighters
In November 1944, several members of the U.S. Air Force saw what would come to be known as âFoo Fighters,â a
name borrowed from the âSmokey Stoverâ comic strip
. The Foo Fighters were described as a type of mysterious aircraft that glowed red and could zip and turn through the skies with incredible ease.
Lt. Fred Ringwald, who happened to be a passenger in a night fighter that was flying over the Rhine Valley, was the first to see the lights. Airmen reported seeing between eight and ten of the aircraft lined up in a row. Concerned that they might be enemy aircraft, the group checked with the ground radar team, who hadnât registered any odd activity. One of the pilots turned his aircraft around in preparation for a fight, only to find the lights had vanished as quickly as they appeared.
đ˝ DIVE DEEPER:
What Do Aliens Actually Look Like?
The sightings didnât stop there, though. In mid-December 1944, a different pilot saw what was described as a display of flashing red and green lights that created a T-formation, which also disappeared as quickly as they came. Several more sightings ensued, and although people tried to come up with explanations for themâthe airmen were suffering from âcombat fatigue,â the lights were a result of some kind of weird weather phenomena, they came from some new, groundbreaking
Nazi technology
âthey still remain a mystery.
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
3
Oumuamua: Alien Craft or Asteroid?
MARK GARLICK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
//
Getty Images
Avi Loeb, an impressively credentialed scientist who taught at Harvard and chaired the universityâs Astronomy Department, has put forth an
interesting, but seemingly far-fetched, hypothesis
: the asteroid Oumuamua is actually
space debris from an alien structure
or a defunct alien spacecraft.
Coming from anyone else, this might seem crazy. But again, Loeb knows a thing or two about the machinations of space. While truthers are soaking up the Oumuamua theory, however, Loebâs colleagues are highly disappointed and upset that heâs posited what theyâre calling an â
insult [to] honest scientific inquiry
.â
âĄď¸ UP NEXT:
NASA Wants to Beam a Message to Aliens, But It Could Give Away Humanityâs Greatest Secrets
A
March 2021 study
by Arizona State University astrophysicists posits that the object is a nitrogen iceberg broken off from a Pluto-like planet in a distant star system. In part, it would explain how reflective the object is. Loeb
countered
that the chunk would have had to originate on a planet with an unrealistically high density.
So the juryâs still out on this mysterious chunk of
space debris
.
4
A Plethora of Exoplanets
On March 21, 2022, NASA confirmed the number of
exoplanets
is over 5,000, and we can expect that figure to only grow as we improve technology thatâs able to probe the nether regions of space.
This means there are thousands of known planets that havenât been explored at length
and
several more awaiting discovery that could be comprised of environments with the ability to sustain life.
FEED YOUR MIND:
Government Says UFOs Arenât American Technology, Canât Rule Out Alien Origins
Whoâs to say one (or multiple) exoplanets arenât already home to intelligent extraterrestrial beings?
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
5
The Odds Are Good
If there are so many other planets in the universe, then âwhere is everybody?â Thatâs the question posed by Nobel prize-winning physicist
Enrico Fermi
in 1950. His following thought experiment on the matter is known as Fermiâs Paradox. In short, he surmised that given humanityâs existence and the age of the universe, itâs incredibly likely that there
is
other intelligent life out there, despite us not finding any signs of it (yet).
Since then, some scientists have better defined those odds with math.
In a paper published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
in 2020,
astronomer David Kipping
used Bayesian statistics to determine that the odds of intelligent life developing on an Earth-like planet are a favorable 3:2.
A
different study
by Chinese astronomers, published in
The Astrophysical Journal
in 2022, used Monte Carlo simulations to estimate how many âcommunicating extraterrestrial intelligent civilizationsââCETIs for shortâthere might be within our galaxy, as well as how long it might take for us to finally communicate with any. The researchers determined there could be anywhere from 42,000 to 111 CETIs in the Milky Way. They also determined it could take anywhere from 2,000 years to 400,000 years for us to be able to communicate with them.
6
The Pentagonâs UFO Interests
ClassicStock
//
Getty Images
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
7
SETI Institute
The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (
SETI
) Institute was founded by
Carl Sagan
and Jill Tarter, two astronomers who believe thereâs more to interplanetary life than us.
SETIâs mission is âto explore, understand, and explain the origin and nature of life in the universe and the evolution of intelligence.â The Institute works with NASA and the National Science Foundation as a research contractor to pool resources and explore the possibility of intelligent life on other planets. Aside from optical and radio wave signals, SETI uses a
laser
detection system to look for signs of alien technology.
Yep, an entire scientific organization that seeks to find other intelligent life in the universe actually exists.
â
BEFORE YOU GO:
We Can Explore Instead of Believe: Inside the Epic Hunt for E.T.
Daisy Hernandez is a reporter, editor, and content creator with a background in print and digital media and has written for Sports Illustrated, Popular Mechanics, and Bicycling magazines. She loves to cook, frequently testing out new recipes on friends and family, and is a big fan of prehistoric science, travel, Halloween, trivia, and dogs. You can find it on Instagram and Twitter. |
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3. [7 Solid Reasons to Actually Believe in Aliens](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/g28364054/are-aliens-real/)
# 7 Solid Reasons to Actually Believe in Aliens
We canât be the only ones in the vast expanse of the cosmos ... right?
By [Daisy Hernandez](https://www.popularmechanics.com/author/429539/daisy-hernandez/ "Daisy Hernandez")
Updated: Jan 11, 2024 4:13 PM EST


24

Bettmann//Getty Images
Are [aliens](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a39797483/aliens-created-our-universe-in-a-lab/) real? We donât know for sure, but we *want* to believe. Outer space is a [vast expanse](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a32109712/how-many-galaxies/#:~:text=Current%20estimates%20suggest%20there%20may,galaxies%20in%20the%20observable%20universe.) that we have so much more to learn about, which is why itâs hard to flat-out deny the possibility that other intelligent lifeforms exist.
If life can existâand persistâin seclusion, and in some of the harshest conditions on Earth (just look at [tardigrades](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a11137/tardigrades-water-bears/)), itâs likely that other interplanetary lifeforms have evolved and acclimated to conditions in space, too. As the renowned science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke once said, âTwo possibilities exist: Either we are alone in the [universe](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a39745160/anti-universe-running-backward-in-time/) or we are not. Both are equally terrifying.â
Several discoveries and theories from some of the greatest minds in science point to the likelihood that thereâs *something* beyond us in the universe, so thereâs a pretty decent chance we have neighbors somewhere in the ether. Itâs time to consider the evidenceâhere are seven solid reasons for believing aliens are among us.
**âĄď¸ More From *P**opular Mechanics*:**
- [Lue Elizondo Ran the Pentagonâs UFO Unitâand Says the Government Is Withholding What It Knows](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a43490964/lue-elizondo-ufo-truth/)
- [Alien Dreams Dashed: Study Says Aliens Potentially 400,000 Years Away](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a39905344/alien-contact-400000-years-away/)
- [This 1968 Pamphlet Uncovers How the Air Force Used to Handle UFO Sightings](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a38818545/air-force-ufo-sightings/)
1
## USS Nimitz 2004 Event
[View full post on YouTube](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/g28364054/are-aliens-real/youtube.com)
On November 14, 2004, a training mission near San Diego became one that Commander David Fravor will never forgetâand remains one he still canât explain.
Fravor recalls seeing a Tic Tac-shaped object that moved much faster than the capability of any known weaponry that currently exists. âWeâre flying brand new [Super Hornets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a24538/f-a-18-badass-plane/). It was an air defense exerciseâtwo good guys against two bad guys,â [Fravor said in a History Channel video interview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTLSQCF6ohQ). Everything seemed normal until the USS *Princeton* called upon Fravor and company for a real-world task.
Changing course, it wasnât long before Fravor and the other pilots saw something strange: what appeared to be a [sunken plane or submerging submarine](https://www.popularmechanics.com/adventure/outdoors/g29370431/best-shipwrecks/) moving erratically right under the waterâs surface.
âItâs white, it has no wings, it has no rotors, I go âholy, what is that?âââ Fravor said. The UFO had no windows, and itâs reported that infrared monitors failed to pick up on any exhaust fumes.
****⥠READ THIS NEXT: [The Navyâs UFO Witnesses Speak Out](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a63549222/navy-ufo-witnesses-nimitz-encounter/)****
Fravor says it wasnât long before his curiosity got the best of him, and he decided to get a closer look. As Fravor began descending toward the water, the craft surfaced, rapidly ascended, and began mirroring Fravorâs flight pattern. Then, in an instant, it zipped past the nose of Fravorâs jet and disappeared.
When Fravor and the other pilots got back to the USS *Nimitz*, they shared their experiences with the rest of the crew. Shortly afterward, another pilot took off in search of the UFOâand succeeded. This pilot managed to get a lock on the Tic Tac, which happens to be the footage seen here.
[The Navy has officially released the footage](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a32289669/navy-official-release-ufo-videos/) (after it had originally been leaked), but says the public was never supposed to see it in the first place.
2
## WWII Foo Fighters
[View full post on YouTube](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/g28364054/are-aliens-real/youtube.com)
In November 1944, several members of the U.S. Air Force saw what would come to be known as âFoo Fighters,â a [name borrowed from the âSmokey Stoverâ comic strip](https://www.history.com/news/wwii-ufos-allied-airmen-orange-lights-foo-fighters). The Foo Fighters were described as a type of mysterious aircraft that glowed red and could zip and turn through the skies with incredible ease.
Lt. Fred Ringwald, who happened to be a passenger in a night fighter that was flying over the Rhine Valley, was the first to see the lights. Airmen reported seeing between eight and ten of the aircraft lined up in a row. Concerned that they might be enemy aircraft, the group checked with the ground radar team, who hadnât registered any odd activity. One of the pilots turned his aircraft around in preparation for a fight, only to find the lights had vanished as quickly as they appeared.
****đ˝ DIVE DEEPER: [What Do Aliens Actually Look Like?](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/g1592/we-asked-7-experts-what-would-aliens-actually-look-like/)****
The sightings didnât stop there, though. In mid-December 1944, a different pilot saw what was described as a display of flashing red and green lights that created a T-formation, which also disappeared as quickly as they came. Several more sightings ensued, and although people tried to come up with explanations for themâthe airmen were suffering from âcombat fatigue,â the lights were a result of some kind of weird weather phenomena, they came from some new, groundbreaking [Nazi technology](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a21800/forgotten-weapons-wwii-curve-a-bullet/)âthey still remain a mystery.
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
3
## Oumuamua: Alien Craft or Asteroid?

MARK GARLICK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY//Getty Images
Avi Loeb, an impressively credentialed scientist who taught at Harvard and chaired the universityâs Astronomy Department, has put forth an [interesting, but seemingly far-fetched, hypothesis](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.11490.pdf): the asteroid Oumuamua is actually [space debris from an alien structure](https://www.inc.com/bill-murphy-jr/a-top-harvard-astronomer-thinks-hes-found-proof-of-aliens-he-refuses-to-back-down-is-he-smart-or-just-stubborn.html) or a defunct alien spacecraft.
Coming from anyone else, this might seem crazy. But again, Loeb knows a thing or two about the machinations of space. While truthers are soaking up the Oumuamua theory, however, Loebâs colleagues are highly disappointed and upset that heâs posited what theyâre calling an â[insult \[to\] honest scientific inquiry](https://twitter.com/PaulMattSutter/status/1059847134130753536).â
****âĄď¸ UP NEXT: [NASA Wants to Beam a Message to Aliens, But It Could Give Away Humanityâs Greatest Secrets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a39619585/nasa-wants-to-beam-a-message-to-aliens/)****
A [March 2021 study](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2020JE006807) by Arizona State University astrophysicists posits that the object is a nitrogen iceberg broken off from a Pluto-like planet in a distant star system. In part, it would explain how reflective the object is. Loeb [countered](https://observer.com/2021/11/new-study-origin-alien-object-oumuamua/) that the chunk would have had to originate on a planet with an unrealistically high density.
So the juryâs still out on this mysterious chunk of [space debris](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/satellites/a34383707/space-junk-collision-risks/).
4
## A Plethora of Exoplanets
[View full post on YouTube](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/g28364054/are-aliens-real/youtube.com)
On March 21, 2022, NASA confirmed the number of [exoplanets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a38748245/exoplanet-shaped-like-a-rugby-ball/) is over 5,000, and we can expect that figure to only grow as we improve technology thatâs able to probe the nether regions of space.
This means there are thousands of known planets that havenât been explored at length *and* several more awaiting discovery that could be comprised of environments with the ability to sustain life.
****FEED YOUR MIND: [Government Says UFOs Arenât American Technology, Canât Rule Out Alien Origins](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a36630077/government-ufo-report-does-not-rule-out-aliens/)****
Whoâs to say one (or multiple) exoplanets arenât already home to intelligent extraterrestrial beings?
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
5
## The Odds Are Good
If there are so many other planets in the universe, then âwhere is everybody?â Thatâs the question posed by Nobel prize-winning physicist [Enrico Fermi](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a32749273/what-is-fermi-paradox/) in 1950. His following thought experiment on the matter is known as Fermiâs Paradox. In short, he surmised that given humanityâs existence and the age of the universe, itâs incredibly likely that there *is* other intelligent life out there, despite us not finding any signs of it (yet).
Since then, some scientists have better defined those odds with math.
In a paper published in *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences* in 2020, [astronomer David Kipping](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a32603529/math-formula-aliens-exist/) used Bayesian statistics to determine that the odds of intelligent life developing on an Earth-like planet are a favorable 3:2.
A [different study](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a39905344/alien-contact-400000-years-away/) by Chinese astronomers, published in *The Astrophysical Journal* in 2022, used Monte Carlo simulations to estimate how many âcommunicating extraterrestrial intelligent civilizationsââCETIs for shortâthere might be within our galaxy, as well as how long it might take for us to finally communicate with any. The researchers determined there could be anywhere from 42,000 to 111 CETIs in the Milky Way. They also determined it could take anywhere from 2,000 years to 400,000 years for us to be able to communicate with them.
6
## The Pentagonâs UFO Interests

ClassicStock//Getty Images
In 2007, the Department of Defense (DoD) [created a program](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a30916275/government-secret-ufo-program-investigation/) called the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) to study âspace-related phenomena that could not be easily explained, usually involving the appearance of high-speed, unidentified aircraft,â per *New York* *Magazineâs* [Intelligencer](http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2017/12/reports-the-pentagon-spent-millions-on-ufo-research.html?gtm=bottom).
*⥠***READ THIS: [Inside the Pentagonâs Secret UFO Program](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a30916275/government-secret-ufo-program-investigation/)****
The covert program was headed by military intelligence official [Luis Elizondo](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a43490964/lue-elizondo-ufo-truth/), who sought to investigate reports of UFO encounters. A decade later, Elizondo quit working at the Pentagon and [confirmed AATIPâs existence to the *New York Times*](https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/16/us/politics/pentagon-program-ufo-harry-reid.html).
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
7
## SETI Institute
[View full post on YouTube](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/g28364054/are-aliens-real/youtube.com)
The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ([SETI](https://www.seti.org/)) Institute was founded by [Carl Sagan](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a20185/1985-interview-carl-sagan/) and Jill Tarter, two astronomers who believe thereâs more to interplanetary life than us.
SETIâs mission is âto explore, understand, and explain the origin and nature of life in the universe and the evolution of intelligence.â The Institute works with NASA and the National Science Foundation as a research contractor to pool resources and explore the possibility of intelligent life on other planets. Aside from optical and radio wave signals, SETI uses a [laser](https://www.seti.org/seti-institute-news-media-roundup-december-2021) detection system to look for signs of alien technology.
Yep, an entire scientific organization that seeks to find other intelligent life in the universe actually exists.
****â
BEFORE YOU GO: [We Can Explore Instead of Believe: Inside the Epic Hunt for E.T.](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a20054585/the-history-of-seti/)****

[Daisy Hernandez](https://www.popularmechanics.com/author/429539/daisy-hernandez/)
Freelance writer
Daisy Hernandez is a reporter, editor, and content creator with a background in print and digital media and has written for Sports Illustrated, Popular Mechanics, and Bicycling magazines. She loves to cook, frequently testing out new recipes on friends and family, and is a big fan of prehistoric science, travel, Halloween, trivia, and dogs. You can find it on Instagram and Twitter.
Watch Next
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
## [UFO Central](https://www.popularmechanics.com/ufo-central/)
[The Secret Soviet Space Weapon Mistaken for a UFO](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a70479765/the-secret-soviet-space-weapon-mistaken-for-a-ufo-history/)
[Navy UFO Witnesses Reveal Nimitz Encounter Details](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a63549222/navy-ufo-witnesses-nimitz-encounter/)
[Scientists Say They Know How to Find Dyson Rings](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a63174640/dyson-rings-alien-search/)
[Could Fusion Energy Also Help Us Find Alien Life?](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a63228752/fusion-energy-aliens/)
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[Dyson Spheres Could Reveal Alien Civilizations](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a63159523/dyson-spheres-hidden-patterns-alien-civilizations/)
[UFO Tech Fuels Secret Arms Race, Ex-Official Says](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a62991034/immaculate-constellation-ufo-unit/)
[Alien Life Might Form in Unlikely Realities](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a62923140/alien-life-in-unlikely-realities/)
[A Father-Daughter Duo Cracked an âAlienâ Code](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a62787904/alien-message/)
[Where You Can Look at Every Single UFO Report Ever](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a62396621/government-ufo-reports-and-records/)
[Wild Theory Offers Reason We Havenât Found Aliens](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a60701401/why-aliens-havent-contacted-us-yet/)
[What Do Alien Space Probes Look Like?](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a46754311/what-do-alien-probes-look-like/)
[5 Alien Hoaxes That Prove We Truly Want to Believe](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a46628896/alien-hoaxes/)
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| Readable Markdown | 1
## USS Nimitz 2004 Event
On November 14, 2004, a training mission near San Diego became one that Commander David Fravor will never forgetâand remains one he still canât explain.
Fravor recalls seeing a Tic Tac-shaped object that moved much faster than the capability of any known weaponry that currently exists. âWeâre flying brand new [Super Hornets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a24538/f-a-18-badass-plane/). It was an air defense exerciseâtwo good guys against two bad guys,â [Fravor said in a History Channel video interview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTLSQCF6ohQ). Everything seemed normal until the USS *Princeton* called upon Fravor and company for a real-world task.
Changing course, it wasnât long before Fravor and the other pilots saw something strange: what appeared to be a [sunken plane or submerging submarine](https://www.popularmechanics.com/adventure/outdoors/g29370431/best-shipwrecks/) moving erratically right under the waterâs surface.
âItâs white, it has no wings, it has no rotors, I go âholy, what is that?âââ Fravor said. The UFO had no windows, and itâs reported that infrared monitors failed to pick up on any exhaust fumes.
****⥠READ THIS NEXT: [The Navyâs UFO Witnesses Speak Out](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a63549222/navy-ufo-witnesses-nimitz-encounter/)****
Fravor says it wasnât long before his curiosity got the best of him, and he decided to get a closer look. As Fravor began descending toward the water, the craft surfaced, rapidly ascended, and began mirroring Fravorâs flight pattern. Then, in an instant, it zipped past the nose of Fravorâs jet and disappeared.
When Fravor and the other pilots got back to the USS *Nimitz*, they shared their experiences with the rest of the crew. Shortly afterward, another pilot took off in search of the UFOâand succeeded. This pilot managed to get a lock on the Tic Tac, which happens to be the footage seen here.
[The Navy has officially released the footage](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a32289669/navy-official-release-ufo-videos/) (after it had originally been leaked), but says the public was never supposed to see it in the first place.
2
## WWII Foo Fighters
In November 1944, several members of the U.S. Air Force saw what would come to be known as âFoo Fighters,â a [name borrowed from the âSmokey Stoverâ comic strip](https://www.history.com/news/wwii-ufos-allied-airmen-orange-lights-foo-fighters). The Foo Fighters were described as a type of mysterious aircraft that glowed red and could zip and turn through the skies with incredible ease.
Lt. Fred Ringwald, who happened to be a passenger in a night fighter that was flying over the Rhine Valley, was the first to see the lights. Airmen reported seeing between eight and ten of the aircraft lined up in a row. Concerned that they might be enemy aircraft, the group checked with the ground radar team, who hadnât registered any odd activity. One of the pilots turned his aircraft around in preparation for a fight, only to find the lights had vanished as quickly as they appeared.
****đ˝ DIVE DEEPER: [What Do Aliens Actually Look Like?](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/g1592/we-asked-7-experts-what-would-aliens-actually-look-like/)****
The sightings didnât stop there, though. In mid-December 1944, a different pilot saw what was described as a display of flashing red and green lights that created a T-formation, which also disappeared as quickly as they came. Several more sightings ensued, and although people tried to come up with explanations for themâthe airmen were suffering from âcombat fatigue,â the lights were a result of some kind of weird weather phenomena, they came from some new, groundbreaking [Nazi technology](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a21800/forgotten-weapons-wwii-curve-a-bullet/)âthey still remain a mystery.
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3
## Oumuamua: Alien Craft or Asteroid?

MARK GARLICK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY//Getty Images
Avi Loeb, an impressively credentialed scientist who taught at Harvard and chaired the universityâs Astronomy Department, has put forth an [interesting, but seemingly far-fetched, hypothesis](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.11490.pdf): the asteroid Oumuamua is actually [space debris from an alien structure](https://www.inc.com/bill-murphy-jr/a-top-harvard-astronomer-thinks-hes-found-proof-of-aliens-he-refuses-to-back-down-is-he-smart-or-just-stubborn.html) or a defunct alien spacecraft.
Coming from anyone else, this might seem crazy. But again, Loeb knows a thing or two about the machinations of space. While truthers are soaking up the Oumuamua theory, however, Loebâs colleagues are highly disappointed and upset that heâs posited what theyâre calling an â[insult \[to\] honest scientific inquiry](https://twitter.com/PaulMattSutter/status/1059847134130753536).â
****âĄď¸ UP NEXT: [NASA Wants to Beam a Message to Aliens, But It Could Give Away Humanityâs Greatest Secrets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a39619585/nasa-wants-to-beam-a-message-to-aliens/)****
A [March 2021 study](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2020JE006807) by Arizona State University astrophysicists posits that the object is a nitrogen iceberg broken off from a Pluto-like planet in a distant star system. In part, it would explain how reflective the object is. Loeb [countered](https://observer.com/2021/11/new-study-origin-alien-object-oumuamua/) that the chunk would have had to originate on a planet with an unrealistically high density.
So the juryâs still out on this mysterious chunk of [space debris](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/satellites/a34383707/space-junk-collision-risks/).
4
## A Plethora of Exoplanets
On March 21, 2022, NASA confirmed the number of [exoplanets](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a38748245/exoplanet-shaped-like-a-rugby-ball/) is over 5,000, and we can expect that figure to only grow as we improve technology thatâs able to probe the nether regions of space.
This means there are thousands of known planets that havenât been explored at length *and* several more awaiting discovery that could be comprised of environments with the ability to sustain life.
****FEED YOUR MIND: [Government Says UFOs Arenât American Technology, Canât Rule Out Alien Origins](https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a36630077/government-ufo-report-does-not-rule-out-aliens/)****
Whoâs to say one (or multiple) exoplanets arenât already home to intelligent extraterrestrial beings?
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5
## The Odds Are Good
If there are so many other planets in the universe, then âwhere is everybody?â Thatâs the question posed by Nobel prize-winning physicist [Enrico Fermi](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a32749273/what-is-fermi-paradox/) in 1950. His following thought experiment on the matter is known as Fermiâs Paradox. In short, he surmised that given humanityâs existence and the age of the universe, itâs incredibly likely that there *is* other intelligent life out there, despite us not finding any signs of it (yet).
Since then, some scientists have better defined those odds with math.
In a paper published in *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences* in 2020, [astronomer David Kipping](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a32603529/math-formula-aliens-exist/) used Bayesian statistics to determine that the odds of intelligent life developing on an Earth-like planet are a favorable 3:2.
A [different study](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a39905344/alien-contact-400000-years-away/) by Chinese astronomers, published in *The Astrophysical Journal* in 2022, used Monte Carlo simulations to estimate how many âcommunicating extraterrestrial intelligent civilizationsââCETIs for shortâthere might be within our galaxy, as well as how long it might take for us to finally communicate with any. The researchers determined there could be anywhere from 42,000 to 111 CETIs in the Milky Way. They also determined it could take anywhere from 2,000 years to 400,000 years for us to be able to communicate with them.
6
## The Pentagonâs UFO Interests

ClassicStock//Getty Images
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7
## SETI Institute
The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ([SETI](https://www.seti.org/)) Institute was founded by [Carl Sagan](https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a20185/1985-interview-carl-sagan/) and Jill Tarter, two astronomers who believe thereâs more to interplanetary life than us.
SETIâs mission is âto explore, understand, and explain the origin and nature of life in the universe and the evolution of intelligence.â The Institute works with NASA and the National Science Foundation as a research contractor to pool resources and explore the possibility of intelligent life on other planets. Aside from optical and radio wave signals, SETI uses a [laser](https://www.seti.org/seti-institute-news-media-roundup-december-2021) detection system to look for signs of alien technology.
Yep, an entire scientific organization that seeks to find other intelligent life in the universe actually exists.
****â
BEFORE YOU GO: [We Can Explore Instead of Believe: Inside the Epic Hunt for E.T.](https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/deep-space/a20054585/the-history-of-seti/)****

Daisy Hernandez is a reporter, editor, and content creator with a background in print and digital media and has written for Sports Illustrated, Popular Mechanics, and Bicycling magazines. She loves to cook, frequently testing out new recipes on friends and family, and is a big fan of prehistoric science, travel, Halloween, trivia, and dogs. You can find it on Instagram and Twitter. |
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