🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 75 (from laksa159)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa075.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/atrial-fibrillation\/","crawl_time":1776328837,"first_indexed_time":1509633099,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"uk,nhs,www!\/conditions\/atrial-fibrillation\/ s443","src_root_hash":"11359509702434384875","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Atrial fibrillation - NHS","meta_descriptions":["Find out about atrial fibrillation, a condition that causes an irregular heart rhythm, including symptoms, treatment and how it affects your life."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Symptoms of atrial fibrillation\nThe main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are:\nan irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady\nsuddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat (\nheart palpitations\n) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes\na heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute\nfeeling very tired\nfinding it harder to exercise\nchest pain or tightness\nfeeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint\nSometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else.\nIf you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation).\nOver time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation).\nNon-urgent advice:\nSee a GP if:\nyou think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation\nyou have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse\nyou have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms\nImmediate action required:\nCall 999 if:\nYou currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms:\nchest pain\nshortness of breath\nsweating\nfeeling or being sick\nfainting, feeling dizzy or falling over\na severe headache\nweakness or numbness on one side of your face or body\nblurred vision or loss of sight\nconfusion or difficulty speaking\nInformation:\nDo not drive yourself to A&E.\nThe person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do.\nTests for atrial fibrillation\nIf a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist).\nAt your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate.\nYou will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include:\nan\nelectrocardiogram (ECG)\nan\nechocardiogram (echo)\na chest X-ray\nblood tests\nTreatment for atrial fibrillation\nIf you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control.\nYou may be given medicine to:\ncontrol the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as\nbeta blockers\nlower the risk of blood clots or stroke (\nanticoagulants\n)\nOther possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include:\nburning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation)\nusing electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion)\nhaving a\npacemaker\nor implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted\nSometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms.\nThings you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation\nIn addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications.\nDo\navoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress,\ndehydration\nand lack of sleep\ntry to keep to a healthy weight\neat a balanced diet\nexercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening\nDon't\ndo not smoke\ndo not drink too much alcohol\ndo not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation\nInformation:\nNHS help to get healthy\nNHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less.\nVisit the NHS Better Health website\nCauses of atrial fibrillation\nAtrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat.\nAnyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if:\nyou're aged 55 or older\nyou're a man\nyou're living with obesity or overweight\nyou smoke\nyou take certain medicines, such as\nlevothyroxine\n,\nlithium\nor some asthma medicines like\nsalbutamol\nyou do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing\nAtrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as:\nhigh blood pressure\nheart conditions like\nheart failure\n,\nmitral valve problems\nor\nWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome\na heart attack\nchronic kidney disease\nan\noveractive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)\ndiabetes\nsleep apnoea\nHow atrial fibrillation affects your life\nThere is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like\nblood clots\n,\nstroke\nand\nheart failure\n.\nYou should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do.\nIf you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you.\nThere might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance.\nHelp and support for atrial fibrillation\nWhile atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying.\nYou may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online.\nThere are also national charities that can offer information, help and support.\nBritish Heart Foundation\nInformation and support for anyone affected by a heart condition.\nWebsite:\nwww.bhf.org.uk\nBritish Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline\n(call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse)\nBritish Heart Foundation: our online community\nBritish Heart Foundation: support with everyday life\nMyHeart\nInformation and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families.\nWebsite:\nwww.myheart.org.uk\nHelpline: 01737 363222\nPage last reviewed: 13 January 2025\nNext review due: 13 January 2028","attrs_markdown":"\n\n[Skip to main content](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/atrial-fibrillation\/#maincontent)\n\n- [Health A to Z](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/health-a-to-z\/)\n- [NHS services](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-services\/)\n- [Healthy living](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/live-well\/)\n- [Mental health](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/mental-health\/)\n- [Care and support](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/social-care-and-support\/)\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/)\n- Browse More\n\n1. [Home](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/)\n2. [Health A to Z](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/health-a-to-z\/)\n3. [Conditions A to Z](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/)\n\n[Back to Conditions A to Z](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/)\n\n# Atrial fibrillation\nAtrial fibrillation (sometimes called afib or AF) is a type of heart rhythm problem where your heartbeat is not steady. See a GP if you think you may have it.\n\n## Symptoms of atrial fibrillation\nThe main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are:\n\n- an irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady\n- suddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat ([heart palpitations](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/symptoms\/heart-palpitations\/)) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes\n- a heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute\n- feeling very tired\n- finding it harder to exercise\n- chest pain or tightness\n- feeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint\n\nSometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else.\n\nIf you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation).\n\nOver time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation).\n\n## Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:\n- you think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation\n- you have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse\n- you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms\n\n## Immediate action required: Call 999 if:\nYou currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms:\n\n- chest pain\n- shortness of breath\n- sweating\n- feeling or being sick\n- fainting, feeling dizzy or falling over\n- a severe headache\n- weakness or numbness on one side of your face or body\n- blurred vision or loss of sight\n- confusion or difficulty speaking\n\nInformation:\n\nDo not drive yourself to A\\&E.\n\nThe person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do.\n\n## Tests for atrial fibrillation\nIf a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist).\n\nAt your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate.\n\nYou will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include:\n\n- an [electrocardiogram (ECG)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/electrocardiogram\/)\n- an [echocardiogram (echo)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/echocardiogram\/)\n- a chest X-ray\n- blood tests\n\n## Treatment for atrial fibrillation\nIf you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control.\n\nYou may be given medicine to:\n\n- control the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as [beta blockers](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/beta-blockers\/)\n- lower the risk of blood clots or stroke ([anticoagulants](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/anticoagulants\/))\n\nOther possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include:\n\n- burning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation)\n- using electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion)\n- having a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/pacemaker-implantation\/) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted\n\nSometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms.\n\nInformation:\n\n### More about treatments\n- [British Heart Foundation: anti-arrhythmics](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/heart-matters-magazine\/medical\/drug-cabinet\/anti-arrhythmics)\n- [Arrhythmia Alliance: Atrial fibrillation (AF) drug information (PDF only, 1.88MB)](https:\/\/api.heartrhythmalliance.org\/files\/download\/0f0d668345a8383a8d3fd5ed74696c50)\n- [NHS medicines A to Z: find your medicine](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/)\n- [British Heart Foundation: ablation](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/treatments\/ablation)\n- [British Heart Foundation: cardioversion](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/treatments\/cardioversion)\n\n## Things you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation\nIn addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications.\n\n### Do\n- avoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress, [dehydration](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/dehydration\/) and lack of sleep\n- try to keep to a healthy weight\n- eat a balanced diet\n- exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening\n\n### Don't\n- do not smoke\n- do not drink too much alcohol\n- do not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation\n\nInformation:\n\n### NHS help to get healthy\nNHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less.\n\n[Visit the NHS Better Health website](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/better-health\/)\n\n## Causes of atrial fibrillation\nAtrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat.\n\nAnyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if:\n\n- you're aged 55 or older\n- you're a man\n- you're living with obesity or overweight\n- you smoke\n- you take certain medicines, such as [levothyroxine](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/levothyroxine\/), [lithium](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/lithium\/) or some asthma medicines like [salbutamol](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/salbutamol-inhaler\/)\n- you do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing\n\nAtrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as:\n\n- [high blood pressure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/high-blood-pressure\/)\n- heart conditions like [heart failure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-failure\/), [mitral valve problems](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-valve-disease\/) or [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome\/)\n- a heart attack\n- [chronic kidney disease](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/kidney-disease\/)\n- an [overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism\/)\n- [diabetes](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/diabetes\/)\n- [sleep apnoea](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/sleep-apnoea\/)\n\n## How atrial fibrillation affects your life\nThere is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like [blood clots](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/blood-clots\/), [stroke](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/stroke\/) and [heart failure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-failure\/).\n\nYou should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do.\n\nIf you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you.\n\nThere might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance.\n\n## Help and support for atrial fibrillation\nWhile atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying.\n\nYou may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online.\n\nThere are also national charities that can offer information, help and support.\n\n### British Heart Foundation\nInformation and support for anyone affected by a heart condition.\n\n- Website: [www.bhf.org.uk](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/)\n- [British Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/heart-helpline) (call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse)\n- [British Heart Foundation: our online community](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/our-online-community)\n- [British Heart Foundation: support with everyday life](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/support\/practical-support)\n### MyHeart\nInformation and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families.\n\n- Website: [www.myheart.org.uk](https:\/\/www.myheart.org.uk\/)\n- Helpline: 01737 363222\n\nPage last reviewed: 13 January 2025  \n Next review due: 13 January 2028\n\n## Support links\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/)\n- [Health A to Z](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/health-a-to-z\/)\n- [NHS services](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-services\/)\n- [Healthy living](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/live-well\/)\n- [Mental health](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/mental-health\/)\n- [Care and support](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/social-care-and-support\/)\n- [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/covid-19\/)\n\n- [NHS App](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-app\/)\n- [Find my NHS number](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-services\/online-services\/find-nhs-number\/)\n- [View your GP health record](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-services\/gps\/view-your-gp-health-record\/)\n- [View your test results](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-services\/online-services\/view-your-test-results\/)\n- [About the NHS](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/using-the-nhs\/about-the-nhs\/)\n- [Healthcare abroad](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/using-the-nhs\/healthcare-abroad\/)\n\n- [Other NHS websites](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/nhs-sites\/)\n- [Profile editor login](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/our-policies\/profile-editor-login\/)\n\n- [About us](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/about-us\/)\n- [Report an issue with the NHS website](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/report-an-issue-with-the-nhs-website)\n- [Accessibility statement](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/accessibility-statement\/)\n- [Our policies](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/our-policies\/)\n- [Cookies](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/our-policies\/choose-your-cookie-settings\/)\n\n© Crown copyright","attrs_readable_markdown":"## Symptoms of atrial fibrillation\nThe main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are:\n\n- an irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady\n- suddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat ([heart palpitations](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/symptoms\/heart-palpitations\/)) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes\n- a heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute\n- feeling very tired\n- finding it harder to exercise\n- chest pain or tightness\n- feeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint\n\nSometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else.\n\nIf you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation).\n\nOver time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation).\n\n## Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:\n- you think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation\n- you have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse\n- you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms\n\n## Immediate action required: Call 999 if:\nYou currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms:\n\n- chest pain\n- shortness of breath\n- sweating\n- feeling or being sick\n- fainting, feeling dizzy or falling over\n- a severe headache\n- weakness or numbness on one side of your face or body\n- blurred vision or loss of sight\n- confusion or difficulty speaking\n\nInformation:\n\nDo not drive yourself to A\\&E.\n\nThe person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do.\n\n## Tests for atrial fibrillation\nIf a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist).\n\nAt your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate.\n\nYou will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include:\n\n- an [electrocardiogram (ECG)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/electrocardiogram\/)\n- an [echocardiogram (echo)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/echocardiogram\/)\n- a chest X-ray\n- blood tests\n\n## Treatment for atrial fibrillation\nIf you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control.\n\nYou may be given medicine to:\n\n- control the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as [beta blockers](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/beta-blockers\/)\n- lower the risk of blood clots or stroke ([anticoagulants](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/anticoagulants\/))\n\nOther possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include:\n\n- burning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation)\n- using electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion)\n- having a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/tests-and-treatments\/pacemaker-implantation\/) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted\n\nSometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms.\n\n## Things you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation\nIn addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications.\n\n### Do\n- avoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress, [dehydration](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/dehydration\/) and lack of sleep\n- try to keep to a healthy weight\n- eat a balanced diet\n- exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening\n\n### Don't\n- do not smoke\n- do not drink too much alcohol\n- do not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation\n\nInformation:\n\n### NHS help to get healthy\nNHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less.\n\n[Visit the NHS Better Health website](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/better-health\/)\n\n## Causes of atrial fibrillation\nAtrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat.\n\nAnyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if:\n\n- you're aged 55 or older\n- you're a man\n- you're living with obesity or overweight\n- you smoke\n- you take certain medicines, such as [levothyroxine](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/levothyroxine\/), [lithium](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/lithium\/) or some asthma medicines like [salbutamol](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/salbutamol-inhaler\/)\n- you do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing\n\nAtrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as:\n\n- [high blood pressure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/high-blood-pressure\/)\n- heart conditions like [heart failure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-failure\/), [mitral valve problems](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-valve-disease\/) or [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome\/)\n- a heart attack\n- [chronic kidney disease](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/kidney-disease\/)\n- an [overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism\/)\n- [diabetes](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/diabetes\/)\n- [sleep apnoea](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/sleep-apnoea\/)\n\n## How atrial fibrillation affects your life\nThere is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like [blood clots](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/blood-clots\/), [stroke](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/stroke\/) and [heart failure](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/heart-failure\/).\n\nYou should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do.\n\nIf you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you.\n\nThere might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance.\n\n## Help and support for atrial fibrillation\nWhile atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying.\n\nYou may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online.\n\nThere are also national charities that can offer information, help and support.\n\n### British Heart Foundation\nInformation and support for anyone affected by a heart condition.\n\n- Website: [www.bhf.org.uk](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/)\n- [British Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/heart-helpline) (call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse)\n- [British Heart Foundation: our online community](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/our-online-community)\n- [British Heart Foundation: support with everyday life](https:\/\/www.bhf.org.uk\/informationsupport\/support\/practical-support)\n### MyHeart\nInformation and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families.\n\n- Website: [www.myheart.org.uk](https:\/\/www.myheart.org.uk\/)\n- Helpline: 01737 363222\n\nPage last reviewed: 13 January 2025  \n Next review due: 13 January 2028","meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

2 days ago

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ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.1 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/
Last Crawled	2026-04-16 08:40:37 (2 days ago)
First Indexed	2017-11-02 14:31:39 (8 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Atrial fibrillation - NHS
Meta Description	Find out about atrial fibrillation, a condition that causes an irregular heart rhythm, including symptoms, treatment and how it affects your life.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Symptoms of atrial fibrillation The main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are: an irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady suddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat ( heart palpitations ) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes a heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute feeling very tired finding it harder to exercise chest pain or tightness feeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint Sometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else. If you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation). Over time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation). Non-urgent advice: See a GP if: you think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation you have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms Immediate action required: Call 999 if: You currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms: chest pain shortness of breath sweating feeling or being sick fainting, feeling dizzy or falling over a severe headache weakness or numbness on one side of your face or body blurred vision or loss of sight confusion or difficulty speaking Information: Do not drive yourself to A&E. The person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do. Tests for atrial fibrillation If a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist). At your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate. You will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include: an electrocardiogram (ECG) an echocardiogram (echo) a chest X-ray blood tests Treatment for atrial fibrillation If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control. You may be given medicine to: control the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as beta blockers lower the risk of blood clots or stroke ( anticoagulants ) Other possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include: burning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation) using electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion) having a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted Sometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms. Things you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation In addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications. Do avoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress, dehydration and lack of sleep try to keep to a healthy weight eat a balanced diet exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening Don't do not smoke do not drink too much alcohol do not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation Information: NHS help to get healthy NHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less. Visit the NHS Better Health website Causes of atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat. Anyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if: you're aged 55 or older you're a man you're living with obesity or overweight you smoke you take certain medicines, such as levothyroxine , lithium or some asthma medicines like salbutamol you do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing Atrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as: high blood pressure heart conditions like heart failure , mitral valve problems or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome a heart attack chronic kidney disease an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) diabetes sleep apnoea How atrial fibrillation affects your life There is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like blood clots , stroke and heart failure . You should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do. If you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you. There might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance. Help and support for atrial fibrillation While atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying. You may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online. There are also national charities that can offer information, help and support. British Heart Foundation Information and support for anyone affected by a heart condition. Website: www.bhf.org.uk British Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline (call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse) British Heart Foundation: our online community British Heart Foundation: support with everyday life MyHeart Information and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families. Website: www.myheart.org.uk Helpline: 01737 363222 Page last reviewed: 13 January 2025 Next review due: 13 January 2028
Markdown	[Skip to main content](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/#maincontent) - [Health A to Z](https://www.nhs.uk/health-a-to-z/) - [NHS services](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/) - [Healthy living](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/) - [Mental health](https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/) - [Care and support](https://www.nhs.uk/social-care-and-support/) - [Home](https://www.nhs.uk/) - Browse More 1. [Home](https://www.nhs.uk/) 2. [Health A to Z](https://www.nhs.uk/health-a-to-z/) 3. [Conditions A to Z](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/) [Back to Conditions A to Z](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/) # Atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation (sometimes called afib or AF) is a type of heart rhythm problem where your heartbeat is not steady. See a GP if you think you may have it. ## Symptoms of atrial fibrillation The main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are: - an irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady - suddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat ([heart palpitations](https://www.nhs.uk/symptoms/heart-palpitations/)) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes - a heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute - feeling very tired - finding it harder to exercise - chest pain or tightness - feeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint Sometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else. If you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation). Over time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation). ## Non-urgent advice: See a GP if: - you think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation - you have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse - you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms ## Immediate action required: Call 999 if: You currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms: - chest pain - shortness of breath - sweating - feeling or being sick - fainting, feeling dizzy or falling over - a severe headache - weakness or numbness on one side of your face or body - blurred vision or loss of sight - confusion or difficulty speaking Information: Do not drive yourself to A\&E. The person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do. ## Tests for atrial fibrillation If a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist). At your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate. You will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include: - an [electrocardiogram (ECG)](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/electrocardiogram/) - an [echocardiogram (echo)](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/echocardiogram/) - a chest X-ray - blood tests ## Treatment for atrial fibrillation If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control. You may be given medicine to: - control the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as [beta blockers](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/beta-blockers/) - lower the risk of blood clots or stroke ([anticoagulants](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/anticoagulants/)) Other possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include: - burning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation) - using electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion) - having a [pacemaker](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/pacemaker-implantation/) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted Sometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms. Information: ### More about treatments - [British Heart Foundation: anti-arrhythmics](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/drug-cabinet/anti-arrhythmics) - [Arrhythmia Alliance: Atrial fibrillation (AF) drug information (PDF only, 1.88MB)](https://api.heartrhythmalliance.org/files/download/0f0d668345a8383a8d3fd5ed74696c50) - [NHS medicines A to Z: find your medicine](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/) - [British Heart Foundation: ablation](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/treatments/ablation) - [British Heart Foundation: cardioversion](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/treatments/cardioversion) ## Things you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation In addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications. ### Do - avoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress, [dehydration](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dehydration/) and lack of sleep - try to keep to a healthy weight - eat a balanced diet - exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening ### Don't - do not smoke - do not drink too much alcohol - do not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation Information: ### NHS help to get healthy NHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less. [Visit the NHS Better Health website](https://www.nhs.uk/better-health/) ## Causes of atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat. Anyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if: - you're aged 55 or older - you're a man - you're living with obesity or overweight - you smoke - you take certain medicines, such as [levothyroxine](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/levothyroxine/), [lithium](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/lithium/) or some asthma medicines like [salbutamol](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/salbutamol-inhaler/) - you do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing Atrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as: - [high blood pressure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/high-blood-pressure/) - heart conditions like [heart failure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-failure/), [mitral valve problems](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-valve-disease/) or [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome/) - a heart attack - [chronic kidney disease](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-disease/) - an [overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism/) - [diabetes](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes/) - [sleep apnoea](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleep-apnoea/) ## How atrial fibrillation affects your life There is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like [blood clots](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-clots/), [stroke](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stroke/) and [heart failure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-failure/). You should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do. If you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you. There might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance. ## Help and support for atrial fibrillation While atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying. You may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online. There are also national charities that can offer information, help and support. ### British Heart Foundation Information and support for anyone affected by a heart condition. - Website: [www.bhf.org.uk](https://www.bhf.org.uk/) - [British Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-helpline) (call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse) - [British Heart Foundation: our online community](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/our-online-community) - [British Heart Foundation: support with everyday life](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/support/practical-support) ### MyHeart Information and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families. - Website: [www.myheart.org.uk](https://www.myheart.org.uk/) - Helpline: 01737 363222 Page last reviewed: 13 January 2025 Next review due: 13 January 2028 ## Support links - [Home](https://www.nhs.uk/) - [Health A to Z](https://www.nhs.uk/health-a-to-z/) - [NHS services](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/) - [Healthy living](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/) - [Mental health](https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/) - [Care and support](https://www.nhs.uk/social-care-and-support/) - [COVID-19](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/) - [NHS App](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-app/) - [Find my NHS number](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/online-services/find-nhs-number/) - [View your GP health record](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/gps/view-your-gp-health-record/) - [View your test results](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/online-services/view-your-test-results/) - [About the NHS](https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/about-the-nhs/) - [Healthcare abroad](https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/) - [Other NHS websites](https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-sites/) - [Profile editor login](https://www.nhs.uk/our-policies/profile-editor-login/) - [About us](https://www.nhs.uk/about-us/) - [Report an issue with the NHS website](https://www.nhs.uk/report-an-issue-with-the-nhs-website) - [Accessibility statement](https://www.nhs.uk/accessibility-statement/) - [Our policies](https://www.nhs.uk/our-policies/) - [Cookies](https://www.nhs.uk/our-policies/choose-your-cookie-settings/) © Crown copyright
Readable Markdown	## Symptoms of atrial fibrillation The main symptoms of atrial fibrillation are: - an irregular heartbeat, where your pulse is not steady - suddenly feeling like your heart is pounding, racing, fluttering, skipping or missing a beat ([heart palpitations](https://www.nhs.uk/symptoms/heart-palpitations/)) – this may last for a few seconds up to a few minutes - a heartbeat faster than 100 beats per minute - feeling very tired - finding it harder to exercise - chest pain or tightness - feeling short of breath, lightheaded, dizzy or like you might faint Sometimes there are no symptoms, and atrial fibrillation is found as part of a routine check-up or when you're having tests for something else. If you do get symptoms, they may start and stop on their own (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) or stop after treatment (persistent atrial fibrillation). Over time, you may always have symptoms (permanent atrial fibrillation). ## Non-urgent advice: See a GP if: - you think you may have symptoms of atrial fibrillation - you have heart palpitations that keep happening or are getting worse - you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and treatment is not helping your symptoms ## Immediate action required: Call 999 if: You currently have a fast or irregular heartbeat, and any of these symptoms: - chest pain - shortness of breath - sweating - feeling or being sick - fainting, feeling dizzy or falling over - a severe headache - weakness or numbness on one side of your face or body - blurred vision or loss of sight - confusion or difficulty speaking Information: Do not drive yourself to A\&E. The person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do. ## Tests for atrial fibrillation If a GP thinks you could have atrial fibrillation, they will refer you to a heart specialist (cardiologist). At your appointment, they will ask about your symptoms and check your heart rate. You will also have tests to see if anything else could be causing your symptoms and to check your heart rhythm. Tests may include: - an [electrocardiogram (ECG)](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/electrocardiogram/) - an [echocardiogram (echo)](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/echocardiogram/) - a chest X-ray - blood tests ## Treatment for atrial fibrillation If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, you will have regular check-ups to make sure your symptoms are under control. You may be given medicine to: - control the rate and rhythm of your heart, such as [beta blockers](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/beta-blockers/) - lower the risk of blood clots or stroke ([anticoagulants](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/anticoagulants/)) Other possible treatments for atrial fibrillation include: - burning, freezing or using high-energy electrical pulses to destroy a section of your heart (ablation) - using electricity to reset your heart rhythm (electrical cardioversion) - having a [pacemaker](https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/pacemaker-implantation/) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) fitted Sometimes atrial fibrillation can be caused by another health condition or medicine. In these cases, treating the condition or stopping the medicine can improve the symptoms. ## Things you can do yourself to help with atrial fibrillation In addition to treatment you might need, there are things you can do yourself to help with symptoms of atrial fibrillation and lower the chances of complications. ### Do - avoid triggers such as caffeine, spicy food, stress, [dehydration](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dehydration/) and lack of sleep - try to keep to a healthy weight - eat a balanced diet - exercise regularly – aim to do at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week, like walking, bike riding or gardening ### Don't - do not smoke - do not drink too much alcohol - do not exercise too much or too hard – this can trigger atrial fibrillation Information: ### NHS help to get healthy NHS Better Health has free tools and support to help you lose weight, get active, quit smoking and drink less. [Visit the NHS Better Health website](https://www.nhs.uk/better-health/) ## Causes of atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat. Anyone can get it, but you may be more likely to get it if: - you're aged 55 or older - you're a man - you're living with obesity or overweight - you smoke - you take certain medicines, such as [levothyroxine](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/levothyroxine/), [lithium](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/lithium/) or some asthma medicines like [salbutamol](https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/salbutamol-inhaler/) - you do endurance sports like long-distance running, cycling or skiing Atrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as: - [high blood pressure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/high-blood-pressure/) - heart conditions like [heart failure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-failure/), [mitral valve problems](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-valve-disease/) or [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome/) - a heart attack - [chronic kidney disease](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-disease/) - an [overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism/) - [diabetes](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes/) - [sleep apnoea](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleep-apnoea/) ## How atrial fibrillation affects your life There is currently no cure for atrial fibrillation, but treatment should help manage the symptoms and lower the risk of complications like [blood clots](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-clots/), [stroke](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stroke/) and [heart failure](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-failure/). You should be able to carry on doing most things as usual, including exercise. But avoid intense exercise and try not to exercise when you're having symptoms of atrial fibrillation. Check with your doctor if you're not sure what exercise you can do. If you drive you may need to tell the DVLA that you have atrial fibrillation. Your doctor will be able to tell you if this applies to you. There might also be other practical things you need to think about if you have a heart condition, like travelling abroad with medicine, and changes to health or travel insurance. ## Help and support for atrial fibrillation While atrial fibrillation can usually be managed, living with a heart condition can be worrying. You may find it helpful to get support from other people with atrial fibrillation, either at a local support group or online. There are also national charities that can offer information, help and support. ### British Heart Foundation Information and support for anyone affected by a heart condition. - Website: [www.bhf.org.uk](https://www.bhf.org.uk/) - [British Heart Foundation: Heart Helpline](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-helpline) (call, email or webchat with a cardiac nurse) - [British Heart Foundation: our online community](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/our-online-community) - [British Heart Foundation: support with everyday life](https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/support/practical-support) ### MyHeart Information and support for young people diagnosed with heart conditions and their families. - Website: [www.myheart.org.uk](https://www.myheart.org.uk/) - Helpline: 01737 363222 Page last reviewed: 13 January 2025 Next review due: 13 January 2028
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