🕷️ Crawler Inspector

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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 34 (from laksa107)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa034.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k","crawl_time":1775390453,"first_indexed_time":1763162657,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,nerdwallet!www,\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k s443","src_root_hash":"10009614238684002234","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Roth 401(k) Contribution Limits: 2025-2026 Rules, Pros and Cons - NerdWallet","meta_descriptions":["A Roth 401(k) is a type of employer-sponsored retirement account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and get tax-free withdrawals later."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"What is a Roth 401(k)?\nA Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement\n. A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement.\nA 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option.\nAD\nHow does your\nnet worth stack up?\nSee where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here.\nRun the numbers\nNWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only.\nHow does a Roth 401(k) work?\nHere are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects.\nWhat type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)?\nYou contribute after-tax dollars.\nIs there a tax deduction?\nNo, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them.\nAre there contribution limits?\nYes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits.\nAre there income limits?\nNo. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners.\nDo employers match contributions?\nPossibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account.\nWill you owe taxes on the investment gains?\nNo, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years.\nWill you owe taxes at withdrawal?\nNo, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½.\nAre there required minimum distributions?\nNo, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive.\nWho is it best for?\nSomeone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement.\nSomeone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments.\nRoth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026\nThe Roth 401(k) contribution limit is\n$24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra $8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of $11,250.\n. The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits.\nAlso, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits\n.\nIf you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you.\n🤓\nNerdy Tip\nCatch-up contributions\nfor highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over $150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026.\nWhat are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?\nThe Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA.\nPros\nHigher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA.\nNo income limits to participate.\nTax-free qualified withdrawals.\nCons\nHigher up-front costs.\nYour tax rate may not be lower in retirement.\nThere are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k).\nPro:\nA Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement\nWhen you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your\nbeneficiaries\n.\nCon:\nIt may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k)\nContributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k).\nShould I invest in a Roth 401(k)?\nOne way to decide is to think about your current\ntax bracket\nand whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement.\nIf your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement\nA Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\nMany workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now.\nFederal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future.\nIf your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement\nA traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\nIf you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years.\nMany retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden.\nRoth 401(k) withdrawal rules\nThe distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a\nRoth IRA\n, but they still have benefits.\nYou can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free.\nThat rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.)\nCan I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?\nYes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions.\nEmployers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account.\nSome employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead.\nUsing both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#main)[![Nerdwallet 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logo](data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20height%3D%2221px%22%20width%3D%22127px%22%20viewBox%3D%22-361.3%20271.3%20128.3%2018.5%22%20aria-hidden%3D%22true%22%20%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%238DC63F%22%20d%3D%22M-233.4%20279.6h-2.7v5c0%20.6.1%201.1.4%201.4.2.3.7.5%201.3.5.2%200%20.4%200%20.7-.1h.1c.2%200%20.4.1.5.4v2.4c0%20.2-.1.3-.3.4-.2.1-.5.1-.8.2-.5.1-.9.1-1.4.1-.9%200-1.6-.1-2.2-.3-.6-.2-1.1-.5-1.4-.9-.4-.4-.6-.9-.8-1.5-.2-.6-.2-1.2-.2-1.9v-11.7c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h3c.3%200%20.5.2.5.5l.3%203h2.7c.2%200%20.4.2.4.4v2.4c-.1%200-.3.1-.5.1zm-17.7%204.4c0%20.4.1.7.3%201%20.2.3.4.6.7.8.3.2.6.4%201%20.5.4.1.7.2%201.1.2.7%200%201.3-.1%201.7-.4l.9-.6c.2-.2.4-.2.6%200l1.8%201.9c.2.2.2.5%200%20.6-.5.4-1%20.8-1.6%201.1-1%20.5-2.2.7-3.5.7-1%200-1.9-.2-2.8-.5-.9-.3-1.6-.7-2.3-1.3-.7-.6-1.2-1.3-1.5-2.1-.4-.9-.6-1.8-.6-2.9%200-1.1.2-2%20.5-2.9.4-.9.9-1.6%201.5-2.2.6-.6%201.4-1.1%202.2-1.4.9-.3%201.8-.5%202.8-.5%201%200%201.8.2%202.6.5s1.5.8%202.1%201.4c.6.6%201%201.3%201.3%202.2.3.9.5%201.9.5%203v1h-9.3v-.1zm4.9-4.4c-.4-.5-1.1-.7-1.9-.7-.4%200-.8.1-1.1.2-.3.1-.7.3-.9.5-.3.2-.5.5-.6.8-.2.3-.2.6-.3%201h5.5c-.1-.7-.3-1.3-.7-1.8zm-10.9%209.7h-3.6c-.2%200-.4-.2-.4-.4v-17.3c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h3.6c.2%200%20.4.2.4.4v17.3c-.1.2-.2.4-.4.4zm-7.2%200h-3.6c-.2%200-.4-.2-.4-.4v-17.3c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h3.6c.2%200%20.4.2.4.4v17.3c0%20.2-.2.4-.4.4zm-7.1%200h-2.6c-.2%200-.4-.1-.5-.4l-.3-1c-.4.4-1%20.8-1.7%201.1-.6.3-1.3.5-2.1.5h-.7c-1%200-1.8-.2-2.6-.6-.8-.4-1.4-.9-1.9-1.5s-.9-1.4-1.2-2.2c-.3-.8-.4-1.7-.4-2.6%200-.9.1-1.8.4-2.6.3-.8.7-1.5%201.2-2.2.5-.6%201.2-1.1%201.9-1.5.8-.4%201.6-.5%202.5-.5%201.1%200%202%20.2%202.7.5.6.3%201%20.6%201.4.9l.3-1.2c.1-.2.3-.4.5-.4h3c.2%200%20.4.2.4.4v12.7c.1.4-.1.6-.3.6zm-3.9-7.7c-.1-.4-.4-.8-.6-1.1-.3-.3-.6-.6-1-.8-.4-.2-.8-.3-1.3-.3s-.9.1-1.3.3c-.4.2-.7.4-1%20.7-.3.3-.5.7-.6%201.1-.1.4-.2.8-.2%201.2%200%20.4.1.8.2%201.2.1.4.3.8.6%201.1.3.3.6.6%201%20.8.4.2.8.3%201.3.3s.9-.1%201.3-.3c.4-.2.7-.4%201-.8.3-.3.5-.7.6-1.1.1-.4.2-.8.2-1.2%200-.3-.1-.7-.2-1.1zm-14.4%207.4c-.1.2-.2.3-.4.3h-3.8c-.2%200-.3-.1-.4-.3l-2.5-7.8h-.1l-2.4%207.8c0%20.2-.2.3-.4.3h-3.8c-.2%200-.3-.1-.4-.3l-4.2-12.2c-.1-.2.1-.5.4-.5h3.8c.2%200%20.3.1.4.3l2.2%207.9h.1l2.2-7.9c0-.2.2-.3.4-.3h3.7c.2%200%20.3.1.4.3l2.3%207.9h.1l2.2-7.9c0-.2.2-.3.4-.3h3.6c.3%200%20.4.3.4.5l-4.2%2012.2zm-19.5.3h-2.6c-.2%200-.4-.1-.5-.4l-.3-.8c-.4.4-.9.7-1.5%201-.7.4-1.6.5-2.6.6h-.3c-1%200-1.8-.2-2.6-.6-.8-.4-1.4-.9-1.9-1.5s-.9-1.4-1.2-2.2c-.3-.8-.4-1.7-.4-2.6%200-.9.1-1.8.4-2.6.3-.8.7-1.5%201.2-2.2.5-.6%201.2-1.1%201.9-1.5.8-.4%201.6-.5%202.5-.5%201%200%201.8.2%202.4.5.7.4%201.2.8%201.5%201.2h.1v-6.1c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h3.5c.2%200%20.4.2.4.4v17.3c-.1.2-.2.4-.4.4zm-4-7.7c-.1-.4-.4-.8-.6-1.1-.3-.3-.6-.6-1-.8-.4-.2-.8-.3-1.3-.3s-.9.1-1.3.3c-.4.2-.7.4-1%20.7-.3.3-.5.7-.6%201.1-.1.4-.2.8-.2%201.2%200%20.4.1.8.2%201.2.1.4.3.8.6%201.1.3.3.6.6%201%20.8.4.2.8.3%201.3.3s.9-.1%201.3-.3c.4-.2.7-.4%201-.8.3-.3.5-.7.6-1.1.1-.4.2-.8.2-1.2%200-.3%200-.7-.2-1.1zm-10.2-5.2l-.1%203c0%20.2-.2.4-.4.3h-.7c-.6%200-1.1.1-1.4.3-.4.2-.7.5-.9.8-.2.3-.4.6-.5%201-.1.3-.2.6-.2.9v6.3c0%20.2-.2.4-.4.4h-3.5c-.2%200-.4-.2-.4-.4v-12.2c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h2.8c.2%200%20.4.2.5.4l.3.9a5%205%200%200%201%201.6-1.1c.2-.1.4-.2.6-.2.5-.2%201-.3%201.5-.3h.6c.1-.1.2.1.2.3zm-19.5%207.6c0%20.4.1.7.3%201%20.2.3.4.6.7.8.3.2.6.4%201%20.5.4.1.7.2%201.1.2.7%200%201.3-.1%201.7-.4l.9-.6c.2-.2.4-.2.6%200l1.8%201.9c.2.2.2.5%200%20.6-.5.4-1%20.8-1.6%201.1-1%20.5-2.2.7-3.5.7-1%200-1.9-.2-2.8-.5-.9-.3-1.6-.7-2.3-1.3-.7-.6-1.2-1.3-1.5-2.1-.4-.9-.6-1.8-.6-2.9%200-1.1.2-2%20.5-2.9.4-.9.9-1.6%201.5-2.2.6-.6%201.4-1.1%202.2-1.4.9-.3%201.8-.5%202.8-.5%201%200%201.8.2%202.6.5s1.5.8%202.1%201.4c.6.6%201%201.3%201.3%202.2.3.9.5%201.9.5%203v1h-9.3v-.1zm4.8-4.4c-.4-.5-1.1-.7-1.9-.7-.4%200-.8.1-1.1.2-.3.1-.7.3-.9.5-.3.2-.5.5-.6.8-.2.3-.2.6-.3%201h5.5c0-.7-.2-1.3-.7-1.8zm-10.7%209.7h-3.6c-.2%200-.4-.2-.4-.4v-6.7c0-.4%200-.7-.1-1l-.3-.9c-.1-.3-.3-.5-.6-.6-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1%20.2c-.3.1-.5.4-.7.6-.2.3-.3.6-.4.9-.1.3-.1.7-.1%201.1v6.7c0%20.2-.2.4-.4.4h-3.6c-.2%200-.4-.2-.4-.4v-12.2c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4h2.8c.2%200%20.4.1.5.4l.3.8c.4-.4.9-.7%201.5-1%20.7-.3%201.5-.5%202.5-.5h.1c.8%200%201.6.2%202.1.5.6.3%201.1.7%201.5%201.2.4.5.6%201.1.8%201.7.2.6.2%201.3.2%201.9v7.6c.2.1.1.3-.1.3z%22%20%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/)\n\nCredit 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)\n\n![Close](data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIyMiIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUxMiA1MTIiID48cGF0aCBkPSJNNDA1IDEzN0wyODYgMjU2bDExOSAxMTktMzAgMzAtMTE5LTExOS0xMTkgMTE5LTMwLTMwIDExOS0xMTktMTE5LTExOSAzMC0zMCAxMTkgMTE5IDExOS0xMTl6IiAvPjwvc3ZnPg==)\n\n[Retirement](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement)\n\nRoth 401(k) Contribution Limits: 2025-2026 Rules, Pros and Cons\n\nAdvertiser disclosure\n\n### You're our first priority. Every time.\nNerdWallet, Inc. is an independent publisher and comparison service, not an investment advisor. Its articles, interactive tools and other content are provided to you for free, as self-help tools and for informational purposes only. They are not intended to provide investment advice. NerdWallet does not and cannot guarantee the accuracy or applicability of any information in regard to your individual circumstances. Examples are hypothetical, and we encourage you to seek personalized advice from qualified professionals regarding specific investment issues. Our estimates are based on past market performance, and past performance is not a guarantee of future performance.\n\nWe believe everyone should be able to make financial decisions with confidence. And while our site doesn’t feature every company or financial product available on the market, we’re proud that the guidance we offer, the information we provide and the tools we create are objective, independent, straightforward — and free.\n\nSo how do we make money? Our partners compensate us. This may influence which products we review and write about (and where those products appear on the site), but it in no way affects our recommendations or advice, which are grounded in thousands of hours of research. Our partners cannot pay us to guarantee favorable reviews of their products or services.  [Here is a list of our partners](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/p\/our-partners).\n# Roth 401(k) Contribution Limits: 2025-2026 Rules, Pros and Cons\nA 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, but many plan sponsors offer a Roth 401(k) as a second option.\n\n![](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/GettyImages-1346563227-1920x1152.jpg)\n\nMany, or all, of the products featured on this page are from our advertising partners who compensate us when you take certain actions on our website or click to take an action on their website. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of [our partners](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/p\/our-partners) and [here's how we make money](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/p\/advertiser-disclosure).\n***\nThe investing information provided on this page is for educational purposes only. NerdWallet, Inc. does not offer advisory or brokerage services, nor does it recommend or advise investors to buy or sell particular stocks, securities or other investments.\n\nUpdated\n\nNov 13, 2025\n\n· 3 min read\n\nFact Checked\n\nHow is this page expert verified?\n\nNerdWallet's content is fact-checked for accuracy, timeliness and relevance. It undergoes a thorough review process involving writers and editors to ensure the information is as clear and complete as possible.\n\n[More on our editorial rigor](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/l\/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines)\n\n[![Arielle O'Shea](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/aoshea-user-avatar-160x160.jpg)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)\n\nWritten by\n\nArielle O'Shea\n\n[![Arielle O'Shea](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/aoshea-user-avatar-160x160.jpg)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)\n\n[Arielle O'Shea](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)\n\nHead of Content, Investing & Taxes\n***\n19 years of experience\n\nExpertise\n\n- Retirement planning\n- investment management\n- investment accounts\n\nArielle O’Shea leads the investing and taxes team at NerdWallet. She has covered personal finance and investing for nearly 20 years, and was a senior writer and spokesperson at NerdWallet before becoming an editor. Previously, she was a researcher and reporter for leading personal finance journalist and author Jean Chatzky, a role that included developing financial education programs, interviewing subject matter experts and helping to produce television and radio segments. Arielle has appeared on the \"Today\" show, NBC News and ABC's \"World News Tonight,\" and has been quoted in national publications including The New York Times, MarketWatch and Bloomberg News. She is based in Charlottesville, Virginia.\n\nPublished in ![The New York Times](https:\/\/cdns3.nerdwallet.com\/lending\/publication-logos\/TheNewYorkTimes.webp)![The Associated Press](https:\/\/cdns3.nerdwallet.com\/lending\/publication-logos\/TheAssociatedPress.webp)![MarketWatch](https:\/\/cdns3.nerdwallet.com\/lending\/publication-logos\/Marketwatch.webp)![USA Today](https:\/\/cdns3.nerdwallet.com\/lending\/publication-logos\/USAToday.webp)\n\nHead of Content, Investing & Taxes\n\n\\+    more\n\n[![Michael Randall](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2022\/04\/2022-HeadShot.jpg?resize=160%2C160)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/reviewer\/michael-randall)\n\nReviewed by\n\nMichael Randall\n\n[![Michael Randall](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2022\/04\/2022-HeadShot.jpg?resize=160%2C160)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/reviewer\/michael-randall)\n\n[Michael Randall](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/reviewer\/michael-randall)\n\nCertified Financial Planner®\n***\nMichael Randall, CFA, CFP®, EA is the Owner and Financial Planner at Oak Summit Wealth Management, a fee-only fiduciary firm based in San Diego, California. He brings more than a decade of experience helping clients with comprehensive financial planning across investments, taxes, and estate strategies. Michael earned his degree in economics from the University of California, Berkeley, where he also volunteers as an alumni ambassador.\n***\nAt NerdWallet, our content goes through a rigorous [editorial review process.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/l\/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines) We have such confidence in our accurate and useful content that we let outside experts inspect our work.\n\nCertified Financial Planner®\n\n\\+    more\n\n[![Chris Hutchison](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2019\/08\/chris-user-avatar.png?resize=160%2C160)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/chris-hutchison)\n\nEdited by\n\nChris Hutchison\n\n[![Chris Hutchison](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2019\/08\/chris-user-avatar.png?resize=160%2C160)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/chris-hutchison)\n\n[Chris Hutchison](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/chris-hutchison)\n\nHead of Content, New Verticals\n***\n11 years of experience\n\nChris Hutchison helped build NerdWallet's editorial operation and has directed coverage across banking, investing, taxes and insurance. He now leads a team exploring new verticals. Before joining NerdWallet, he was an editor and programmer at ESPN and an editor at the San Jose Mercury News.\n\nHead of Content, New Verticals\n\n\\+    more\n\nSOME CARD INFO MAY BE OUTDATED\n\nThis page includes information about these cards, currently unavailable on NerdWallet. The information has been collected by NerdWallet and has not been provided or reviewed by the card issuer.\n\n## What is a Roth 401(k)?\nA Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement\n\n\\[1\\]\n\nIRS. [Retirement plans FAQs on designated Roth accounts.](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/retirement-plans-faqs-on-designated-roth-accounts) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n\n[View all sources](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-list)\n\n. A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement.\n\nA 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option.\n\nAD\n\nHow does your\n\nnet worth stack up?\n\nSee where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here.\n\n![Head, Person, Face](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.jpg)\n\n[Run the numbers](https:\/\/nerdwalletwealthpartners.com\/lp\/networthcalculator?utm_medium=nw_wealth_partners_cta&utm_source=nerdwallet&utm_campaign=nwwp_mtkg__networthad_internal_032526&utm_term=%2Fretirement%2Flearn%2Froth-401k)\n\nNWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only.\n## How does a Roth 401(k) work?\nHere are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| What type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)? | You contribute after-tax dollars. |\n| Is there a tax deduction? | No, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them. |\n| Are there contribution limits? | Yes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits. |\n| Are there income limits? | No. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners. |\n| Do employers match contributions? | Possibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account. |\n| Will you owe taxes on the investment gains? | No, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years. |\n| Will you owe taxes at withdrawal? | No, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½. |\n| Are there required minimum distributions? | No, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive. |\n| Who is it best for? | Someone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement. Someone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments. |\n## Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026\nThe Roth 401(k) contribution limit is \\$24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra \\$8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of \\$11,250.. The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits.\n\nAlso, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits\n\n\\[2\\]\n\nIRS. [Roth comparison chart.](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/roth-comparison-chart) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n\n[View all sources](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-list)\n\n.\n\nIf you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you.\n\n» MORE: [See our picks for the best financial advisors](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/financial-advisors\/learn\/best-financial-advisors)\n\n🤓 Nerdy Tip\n\n[Catch-up contributions](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/catch-up-contributions) for highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over \\$150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026.\n\n» MORE: [Calculate how long your retirement savings might last](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/how-long-will-your-retirement-savings-last)\n\n## What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?\nThe Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA.\n\n### Pros\nHigher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA.\n\nNo income limits to participate.\n\nTax-free qualified withdrawals.\n\n### Cons\nHigher up-front costs.\n\nYour tax rate may not be lower in retirement.\n\nThere are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k).\n\n### Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement\nWhen you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your [beneficiaries](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/estate-planning\/learn\/beneficiary).\n\n### Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k)\nContributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k).\n\n» MORE: [How to find a financial advisor who can help plan retirement](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/financial-advisors\/learn\/how-to-choose-a-financial-advisor)\n\n## Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)?\nOne way to decide is to think about your current [tax bracket](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/taxes\/learn\/federal-income-tax-brackets) and whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement.\n\n### If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement\n- A Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\n- Many workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now.\n- Federal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future.\n### If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement\n- A traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\n- If you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years.\n- Many retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden.\n\n» On track for retirement? [Use this 401(k) calculator to find out](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/calculators\/401k-calculator)\n\n## Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules\nThe distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a [Roth IRA](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/what-is-a-roth-ira), but they still have benefits.\n\n- You can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free.\n- That rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.)\n- Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to [required minimum distributions (RMDs)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/calculators\/required-minimum-distributions) as long as the account owner lives\n  \n  \\[3\\]\n  \n  IRS.gov. [Retirement topics - Required minimum distributions (RMDs).](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/plan-participant-employee\/retirement-topics-required-minimum-distributions-rmds) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n  \n  [View all sources](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-list)\n  \n  . If you inherit a Roth 401(k), you may be subject to RMDs.\n## Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?\nYes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions.\n\n- Employers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account.\n- Some employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead.\n- Using both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year.\n\n» MORE: [This quiz can help you see if it's time to get a financial advisor](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/financial-advisors\/learn\/do-i-need-financial-advisor)\n\nArticle sources  Article sources\n\nNerdWallet writers are subject matter authorities who use primary, trustworthy sources to inform their work, including peer-reviewed studies, government websites, academic research and interviews with industry experts. All content is fact-checked for accuracy, timeliness and relevance. You can learn more about NerdWallet's high standards for journalism by reading our  [editorial guidelines.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/l\/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines)\n\n- [1\\.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-3851155793)  IRS. [Retirement plans FAQs on designated Roth accounts.](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/retirement-plans-faqs-on-designated-roth-accounts) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n- [2\\.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-2821758293)  IRS. [Roth comparison chart.](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/roth-comparison-chart) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n- [3\\.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#citation-4220910142)  IRS.gov. [Retirement topics - Required minimum distributions (RMDs).](https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/retirement-plans\/plan-participant-employee\/retirement-topics-required-minimum-distributions-rmds) Accessed Nov 13, 2025.\n\n[Back to top]()\n\nAbout the author\n\n[![Arielle O'Shea](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2019\/08\/aoshea-user-avatar.jpg?resize=70%2C70)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)\n\n[Arielle O'Shea](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)  Arielle is a NerdWallet authority on retirement and investing, with appearances on the \"Today\" Show, \"NBC Nightly News\" and other national media.  [See full bio.](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/author\/arielle-oshea)\n\nOn this page\n\n[Back to top ↑]()\n\nOn this page\n\n╳\n\n- [What is a Roth 401(k)?](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#what-is-a-roth-401k)\n- [How does a Roth 401(k) work?](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#how-does-a-roth-401k-work)\n- [Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#roth-401k-contribution-limit-in-2025-and-2026)\n- [What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#what-are-the-benefits-and-drawbacks-of-a-roth-401k)\n  What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?\n  - [Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#pro-a-roth-401k-account-can-be-more-valuable-in-retirement)\n  - [Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k)](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#con-it-may-cost-you-more-on-the-front-end-to-use-a-roth-401k)\n- [Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)?](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#should-i-invest-in-a-roth-401k)\n  Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)?\n  - [If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#if-your-tax-rate-is-lower-now-than-you-expect-it-to-be-in-retirement)\n  - [If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#if-your-tax-rate-is-higher-now-than-you-expect-it-to-be-in-retirement)\n- [Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#roth-401k-withdrawal-rules)\n- [Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/roth-401k#can-i-contribute-to-both-a-401k-and-a-roth-401k)\n\nMore like this\n\n[Investment Basics](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/investing\/learn)[Investing](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/investing)\n\nRelated articles\n\n[![](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/GettyImages-1163568487-600x360.jpg) How Much Does a Financial Advisor Cost? ![Andrea Coombes's profile picture](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2019\/08\/acoombes-user-avatar.jpg?resize=70%2C70) 2 By Andrea Coombes, Taryn Phaneuf](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/financial-advisors\/learn\/how-much-does-a-financial-advisor-cost)\n\n[![Person thinking](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2025\/08\/GettyImages-1180357593.jpg?resize=600%2C360) Do You Need a Financial Advisor? 7 Ways to Tell ![Taryn Phaneuf's profile picture](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/tachyon\/2022\/03\/Taryn-bio-photo.jpeg?resize=70%2C70) By Taryn 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(CA resident license no.OK92033) [Insurance Licenses](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/nerdwallet-insurance-services-inc-licenses-and-disclosures)\n\nFundera, Inc. NMLS ID\\# 1240038[NMLS Consumer Access](https:\/\/nmlsconsumeraccess.org\/)\n\nCalifornia: California Finance Lender loans arranged pursuant to the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation Finance Lenders License \\#603L288\n\nNerdWallet has engaged Atomic Invest LLC (“Atomic”), an SEC-registered investment adviser, to bring you the opportunity to open investment advisory accounts (Automated Investing Account and\/or Treasury Account) with Atomic. NerdWallet receives compensation of 0% to 0.85% of assets under management annualized, payable monthly, for each referred client who opens an Atomic account and a percentage of free cash interest earned by clients, which creates a conflict of interest. Brokerage services for Atomic are provided by Atomic Brokerage LLC (\"Atomic Brokerage\"), member of [FINRA](https:\/\/www.finra.org\/#\/)\/[SIPC](https:\/\/www.sipc.org\/) and an affiliate of Atomic, which creates a conflict of interest. See details about Atomic, in their [Form CRS](https:\/\/reports.adviserinfo.sec.gov\/crs\/crs_313255.pdf), [Form ADV Part 2A](https:\/\/adviserinfo.sec.gov\/firm\/brochure\/313255) and [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/legal.atomicvest.com\/usa.privacy.de3d0277-78f7-4741-9e9f-755f6b4f03ba.pdf). See details about Atomic Brokerage in their [Form CRS](https:\/\/files.brokercheck.finra.org\/crs_315263.pdf), [General Disclosures](https:\/\/legal.atomicvest.com\/usa.broker.disclosures.003464f3-f6bd-41c3-bbdf-7050e50b43a2.pdf), [fee schedule](https:\/\/legal.atomicvest.com\/usa.broker.schedule.7ea28665-88a9-4542-a748-987e90ea46b6.pdf), and FINRA’s [BrokerCheck](https:\/\/brokercheck.finra.org\/).\n\nYou also can open a Cash Account offered by Atomic Brokerage which allows you to earn interest on your cash through a cash sweep program. [View Important Cash Account Disclosures.](https:\/\/www.atomicvest.com\/legal\/disclosures\/7d9c31dd-bf97-46ae-9803-1774b97187af)\n\nNeither Atomic Invest nor Atomic Brokerage, nor any of their affiliates is a bank. Investments in securities: Not FDIC Insured, Not Bank Guaranteed, May Lose Value. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. Before investing, consider your investment objectives and the fees and expenses charged.\n\nImages are for illustrative purposes only.\n\nNerdWallet™ \\| 4150 N Drinkwater Blvd, Suite 200, Scottsdale, AZ 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is a Roth 401(k)?\n\nA Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement. A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement.\n\nA 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option.\n\nAD\n\nHow does your\n\nnet worth stack up?\n\nSee where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here.\n\n![Head, Person, Face](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/assets\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.jpg)\n\n[Run the numbers](https:\/\/nerdwalletwealthpartners.com\/lp\/networthcalculator?utm_medium=nw_wealth_partners_cta&utm_source=nerdwallet&utm_campaign=nwwp_mtkg__networthad_internal_032526&utm_term=%2Fretirement%2Flearn%2Froth-401k)\n\nNWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only.\n\nHow does a Roth 401(k) work?\n\nHere are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| What type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)? | You contribute after-tax dollars. |\n| Is there a tax deduction? | No, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them. |\n| Are there contribution limits? | Yes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits. |\n| Are there income limits? | No. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners. |\n| Do employers match contributions? | Possibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account. |\n| Will you owe taxes on the investment gains? | No, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years. |\n| Will you owe taxes at withdrawal? | No, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½. |\n| Are there required minimum distributions? | No, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive. |\n| Who is it best for? | Someone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement. Someone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments. |\n\nRoth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026\n\nThe Roth 401(k) contribution limit is \\$24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra \\$8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of \\$11,250.. The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits.\n\nAlso, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits.\n\nIf you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you.\n\n🤓 Nerdy Tip\n\n[Catch-up contributions](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/catch-up-contributions) for highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over \\$150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026.\n\nWhat are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?\n\nThe Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA.\n\n### Pros\nHigher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA.\n\nNo income limits to participate.\n\nTax-free qualified withdrawals.\n\n### Cons\nHigher up-front costs.\n\nYour tax rate may not be lower in retirement.\n\nThere are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k).\n\nPro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement\n\nWhen you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your [beneficiaries](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/estate-planning\/learn\/beneficiary).\n\nCon: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k)\n\nContributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k).\n\nShould I invest in a Roth 401(k)?\n\nOne way to decide is to think about your current [tax bracket](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/taxes\/learn\/federal-income-tax-brackets) and whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement.\n\nIf your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement\n\n- A Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\n- Many workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now.\n- Federal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future.\n\nIf your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement\n\n- A traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement.\n- If you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years.\n- Many retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden.\n\nRoth 401(k) withdrawal rules\n\nThe distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a [Roth IRA](https:\/\/www.nerdwallet.com\/retirement\/learn\/what-is-a-roth-ira), but they still have benefits.\n\n- You can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free.\n- That rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.)\n\nCan I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?\n\nYes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions.\n\n- Employers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account.\n- Some employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead.\n- Using both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k
Last Crawled	2026-04-05 12:00:53 (1 day ago)
First Indexed	2025-11-14 23:24:17 (4 months ago)
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Meta Title	Roth 401(k) Contribution Limits: 2025-2026 Rules, Pros and Cons - NerdWallet
Meta Description	A Roth 401(k) is a type of employer-sponsored retirement account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and get tax-free withdrawals later.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	What is a Roth 401(k)? A Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement . A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement. A 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option. AD How does your net worth stack up? See where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here. Run the numbers NWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only. How does a Roth 401(k) work? Here are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects. What type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)? You contribute after-tax dollars. Is there a tax deduction? No, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them. Are there contribution limits? Yes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits. Are there income limits? No. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners. Do employers match contributions? Possibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account. Will you owe taxes on the investment gains? No, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years. Will you owe taxes at withdrawal? No, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½. Are there required minimum distributions? No, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive. Who is it best for? Someone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement. Someone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments. Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026 The Roth 401(k) contribution limit is $24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra $8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of $11,250. . The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits. Also, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits . If you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you. 🤓 Nerdy Tip Catch-up contributions for highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over $150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026. What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)? The Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA. Pros Higher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA. No income limits to participate. Tax-free qualified withdrawals. Cons Higher up-front costs. Your tax rate may not be lower in retirement. There are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k). Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement When you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your beneficiaries . Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k) Contributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k). Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)? One way to decide is to think about your current tax bracket and whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement. If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement A Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. Many workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now. Federal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future. If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement A traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. If you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years. Many retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden. Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules The distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a Roth IRA , but they still have benefits. You can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free. That rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.) Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)? Yes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions. Employers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account. Some employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead. Using both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year.
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[Here is a list of our partners](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/our-partners). # Roth 401(k) Contribution Limits: 2025-2026 Rules, Pros and Cons A 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, but many plan sponsors offer a Roth 401(k) as a second option. ![](https://www.nerdwallet.com/assets/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/GettyImages-1346563227-1920x1152.jpg) Many, or all, of the products featured on this page are from our advertising partners who compensate us when you take certain actions on our website or click to take an action on their website. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of [our partners](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/our-partners) and [here's how we make money](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/advertiser-disclosure). * The investing information provided on this page is for educational purposes only. NerdWallet, Inc. does not offer advisory or brokerage services, nor does it recommend or advise investors to buy or sell particular stocks, securities or other investments. Updated Nov 13, 2025 · 3 min read Fact Checked How is this page expert verified? NerdWallet's content is fact-checked for accuracy, timeliness and relevance. It undergoes a thorough review process involving writers and editors to ensure the information is as clear and complete as possible. [More on our editorial rigor](https://www.nerdwallet.com/l/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines) [![Arielle O'Shea](https://www.nerdwallet.com/assets/blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/aoshea-user-avatar-160x160.jpg)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) Written by Arielle O'Shea [![Arielle O'Shea](https://www.nerdwallet.com/assets/blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/aoshea-user-avatar-160x160.jpg)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) [Arielle O'Shea](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) Head of Content, Investing & Taxes * 19 years of experience Expertise - Retirement planning - investment management - investment accounts Arielle O’Shea leads the investing and taxes team at NerdWallet. She has covered personal finance and investing for nearly 20 years, and was a senior writer and spokesperson at NerdWallet before becoming an editor. Previously, she was a researcher and reporter for leading personal finance journalist and author Jean Chatzky, a role that included developing financial education programs, interviewing subject matter experts and helping to produce television and radio segments. Arielle has appeared on the "Today" show, NBC News and ABC's "World News Tonight," and has been quoted in national publications including The New York Times, MarketWatch and Bloomberg News. She is based in Charlottesville, Virginia. 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He brings more than a decade of experience helping clients with comprehensive financial planning across investments, taxes, and estate strategies. Michael earned his degree in economics from the University of California, Berkeley, where he also volunteers as an alumni ambassador. * At NerdWallet, our content goes through a rigorous [editorial review process.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/l/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines) We have such confidence in our accurate and useful content that we let outside experts inspect our work. Certified Financial Planner® \+ more [![Chris Hutchison](https://www.nerdwallet.com/tachyon/2019/08/chris-user-avatar.png?resize=160%2C160)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/chris-hutchison) Edited by Chris Hutchison [![Chris Hutchison](https://www.nerdwallet.com/tachyon/2019/08/chris-user-avatar.png?resize=160%2C160)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/chris-hutchison) [Chris Hutchison](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/chris-hutchison) Head of Content, New Verticals *** 11 years of experience Chris Hutchison helped build NerdWallet's editorial operation and has directed coverage across banking, investing, taxes and insurance. He now leads a team exploring new verticals. Before joining NerdWallet, he was an editor and programmer at ESPN and an editor at the San Jose Mercury News. Head of Content, New Verticals \+ more SOME CARD INFO MAY BE OUTDATED This page includes information about these cards, currently unavailable on NerdWallet. The information has been collected by NerdWallet and has not been provided or reviewed by the card issuer. ## What is a Roth 401(k)? A Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement \[1\] IRS. [Retirement plans FAQs on designated Roth accounts.](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/retirement-plans-faqs-on-designated-roth-accounts) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. [View all sources](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-list) . A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement. A 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option. AD How does your net worth stack up? See where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here. ![Head, Person, Face](https://www.nerdwallet.com/assets/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/image-14.jpg) [Run the numbers](https://nerdwalletwealthpartners.com/lp/networthcalculator?utm_medium=nw_wealth_partners_cta&utm_source=nerdwallet&utm_campaign=nwwp_mtkg__networthad_internal_032526&utm_term=%2Fretirement%2Flearn%2Froth-401k) NWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only. ## How does a Roth 401(k) work? Here are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| What type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)? \| You contribute after-tax dollars. \| \| Is there a tax deduction? \| No, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them. \| \| Are there contribution limits? \| Yes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits. \| \| Are there income limits? \| No. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners. \| \| Do employers match contributions? \| Possibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account. \| \| Will you owe taxes on the investment gains? \| No, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years. \| \| Will you owe taxes at withdrawal? \| No, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½. \| \| Are there required minimum distributions? \| No, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive. \| \| Who is it best for? \| Someone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement. Someone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments. \| ## Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026 The Roth 401(k) contribution limit is \$24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra \$8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of \$11,250.. The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits. Also, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits \[2\] IRS. [Roth comparison chart.](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/roth-comparison-chart) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. [View all sources](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-list) . If you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you. » MORE: [See our picks for the best financial advisors](https://www.nerdwallet.com/financial-advisors/learn/best-financial-advisors) 🤓 Nerdy Tip [Catch-up contributions](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/catch-up-contributions) for highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over \$150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026. » MORE: [Calculate how long your retirement savings might last](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/how-long-will-your-retirement-savings-last) ## What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)? The Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA. ### Pros Higher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA. No income limits to participate. Tax-free qualified withdrawals. ### Cons Higher up-front costs. Your tax rate may not be lower in retirement. There are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k). ### Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement When you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your [beneficiaries](https://www.nerdwallet.com/estate-planning/learn/beneficiary). ### Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k) Contributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k). » MORE: [How to find a financial advisor who can help plan retirement](https://www.nerdwallet.com/financial-advisors/learn/how-to-choose-a-financial-advisor) ## Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)? One way to decide is to think about your current [tax bracket](https://www.nerdwallet.com/taxes/learn/federal-income-tax-brackets) and whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement. ### If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement - A Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. - Many workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now. - Federal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future. ### If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement - A traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. - If you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years. - Many retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden. » On track for retirement? [Use this 401(k) calculator to find out](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/calculators/401k-calculator) ## Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules The distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a [Roth IRA](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/what-is-a-roth-ira), but they still have benefits. - You can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free. - That rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.) - Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to [required minimum distributions (RMDs)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/calculators/required-minimum-distributions) as long as the account owner lives \[3\] IRS.gov. [Retirement topics - Required minimum distributions (RMDs).](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/plan-participant-employee/retirement-topics-required-minimum-distributions-rmds) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. [View all sources](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-list) . If you inherit a Roth 401(k), you may be subject to RMDs. ## Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)? Yes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions. - Employers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account. - Some employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead. - Using both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year. » MORE: [This quiz can help you see if it's time to get a financial advisor](https://www.nerdwallet.com/financial-advisors/learn/do-i-need-financial-advisor) Article sources Article sources NerdWallet writers are subject matter authorities who use primary, trustworthy sources to inform their work, including peer-reviewed studies, government websites, academic research and interviews with industry experts. All content is fact-checked for accuracy, timeliness and relevance. You can learn more about NerdWallet's high standards for journalism by reading our [editorial guidelines.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/l/nerdwallet-editorial-guidelines) - [1\.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-3851155793) IRS. [Retirement plans FAQs on designated Roth accounts.](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/retirement-plans-faqs-on-designated-roth-accounts) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. - [2\.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-2821758293) IRS. [Roth comparison chart.](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/roth-comparison-chart) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. - [3\.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#citation-4220910142) IRS.gov. [Retirement topics - Required minimum distributions (RMDs).](https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/plan-participant-employee/retirement-topics-required-minimum-distributions-rmds) Accessed Nov 13, 2025. [Back to top]() About the author [![Arielle O'Shea](https://www.nerdwallet.com/tachyon/2019/08/aoshea-user-avatar.jpg?resize=70%2C70)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) [Arielle O'Shea](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) Arielle is a NerdWallet authority on retirement and investing, with appearances on the "Today" Show, "NBC Nightly News" and other national media. [See full bio.](https://www.nerdwallet.com/author/arielle-oshea) On this page [Back to top ↑]() On this page ╳ - [What is a Roth 401(k)?](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#what-is-a-roth-401k) - [How does a Roth 401(k) work?](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#how-does-a-roth-401k-work) - [Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#roth-401k-contribution-limit-in-2025-and-2026) - [What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)?](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#what-are-the-benefits-and-drawbacks-of-a-roth-401k) What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)? - [Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#pro-a-roth-401k-account-can-be-more-valuable-in-retirement) - [Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k)](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#con-it-may-cost-you-more-on-the-front-end-to-use-a-roth-401k) - [Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)?](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#should-i-invest-in-a-roth-401k) Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)? - [If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#if-your-tax-rate-is-lower-now-than-you-expect-it-to-be-in-retirement) - [If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#if-your-tax-rate-is-higher-now-than-you-expect-it-to-be-in-retirement) - [Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#roth-401k-withdrawal-rules) - [Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/roth-401k#can-i-contribute-to-both-a-401k-and-a-roth-401k) More like this [Investment 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policy](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/nerdwallet-california-privacy-policy)[Privacy preferences](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/privacy-policy)[Do not sell or share my personal information](https://privacyportal.onetrust.com/webform/694a76f6-1f82-455e-b46e-ffeed902c3fa/db85134f-a11a-451c-a462-3f2f39a662bc) Disclaimer: NerdWallet strives to keep its information accurate and up to date. This information may be different than what you see when you visit a financial institution, service provider or specific product's site. All financial products, shopping products and services are presented without warranty. When evaluating offers, please review the financial institution's Terms and Conditions. Pre-qualified offers are not binding. If you find discrepancies with your credit score or information from your credit report, please contact TransUnion® directly. NerdWallet Compare, Inc. NMLS ID\# 1617539[NMLS Consumer Access](https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1617539) \\|[Licenses and Disclosures](https://www.nerdwallet.com/p/nerdwallet-compare-inc-licenses-and-disclosures) California: California Finance Lender loans arranged pursuant to Department of Financial Protection and Innovation Finance Lenders License \#60DBO-74812 Insurance Services offered through NerdWallet Insurance Services, Inc. (CA resident license no.OK92033) [Insurance Licenses](https://www.nerdwallet.com/nerdwallet-insurance-services-inc-licenses-and-disclosures) Fundera, Inc. NMLS ID\# 1240038[NMLS Consumer Access](https://nmlsconsumeraccess.org/) California: California Finance Lender loans arranged pursuant to the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation Finance Lenders License \#603L288 NerdWallet has engaged Atomic Invest LLC (“Atomic”), an SEC-registered investment adviser, to bring you the opportunity to open investment advisory accounts (Automated Investing Account and/or Treasury Account) with Atomic. NerdWallet receives compensation of 0% to 0.85% of assets under management annualized, payable monthly, for each referred client who opens an Atomic account and a percentage of free cash interest earned by clients, which creates a conflict of interest. Brokerage services for Atomic are provided by Atomic Brokerage LLC ("Atomic Brokerage"), member of [FINRA](https://www.finra.org/#/)/[SIPC](https://www.sipc.org/) and an affiliate of Atomic, which creates a conflict of interest. See details about Atomic, in their [Form CRS](https://reports.adviserinfo.sec.gov/crs/crs_313255.pdf), [Form ADV Part 2A](https://adviserinfo.sec.gov/firm/brochure/313255) and [Privacy Policy](https://legal.atomicvest.com/usa.privacy.de3d0277-78f7-4741-9e9f-755f6b4f03ba.pdf). See details about Atomic Brokerage in their [Form CRS](https://files.brokercheck.finra.org/crs_315263.pdf), [General Disclosures](https://legal.atomicvest.com/usa.broker.disclosures.003464f3-f6bd-41c3-bbdf-7050e50b43a2.pdf), [fee schedule](https://legal.atomicvest.com/usa.broker.schedule.7ea28665-88a9-4542-a748-987e90ea46b6.pdf), and FINRA’s [BrokerCheck](https://brokercheck.finra.org/). You also can open a Cash Account offered by Atomic Brokerage which allows you to earn interest on your cash through a cash sweep program. [View Important Cash Account Disclosures.](https://www.atomicvest.com/legal/disclosures/7d9c31dd-bf97-46ae-9803-1774b97187af) Neither Atomic Invest nor Atomic Brokerage, nor any of their affiliates is a bank. Investments in securities: Not FDIC Insured, Not Bank Guaranteed, May Lose Value. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. Before investing, consider your investment objectives and the fees and expenses charged. Images are for illustrative purposes only. NerdWallet™ \\| 4150 N Drinkwater Blvd, Suite 200, Scottsdale, AZ 85251 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Readable Markdown	What is a Roth 401(k)? A Roth 401(k) is a type of 401(k) account that allows you to make after-tax contributions now and then get tax-free withdrawals later in retirement. A Roth 401(k) is not the same as a traditional 401(k), which allows you to make pretax contributions now and then wait to pay taxes on that money later when you withdraw it in retirement. A 401(k) is key to many retirement nest eggs, and many plan sponsors also offer a Roth 401(k) option. AD How does your net worth stack up? See where you stand compared to households like yours, and get steps you could take to grow from here. ![Head, Person, Face](https://www.nerdwallet.com/assets/blog/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/image-14.jpg) [Run the numbers](https://nerdwalletwealthpartners.com/lp/networthcalculator?utm_medium=nw_wealth_partners_cta&utm_source=nerdwallet&utm_campaign=nwwp_mtkg__networthad_internal_032526&utm_term=%2Fretirement%2Flearn%2Froth-401k) NWWP is an SEC-registered investment adviser. Registration does not imply skill or training. Calculator by NerdWallet, Inc., an affiliate, for informational purposes only. How does a Roth 401(k) work? Here are the key features of a Roth 401(k) at a glance. Keep reading to find more detail on each of these aspects. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| What type of contributions go into a Roth 401(k)? \| You contribute after-tax dollars. \| \| Is there a tax deduction? \| No, you won’t get a tax deduction on your contributions when you make them. \| \| Are there contribution limits? \| Yes. Roth 401(k) limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) limits. \| \| Are there income limits? \| No. This is a key difference between Roth 401(k)s and Roth IRAs, which have income limits that exclude high earners. \| \| Do employers match contributions? \| Possibly. If your employer provides a match, where it goes depends on the plan. Some employers may match your after-tax contributions in a pre-tax account. \| \| Will you owe taxes on the investment gains? \| No, your investments grow tax-free. However, you may have to pay taxes on them if you make early withdrawals, including if you haven't yet reached retirement age or if you’ve held your account for fewer than five years. \| \| Will you owe taxes at withdrawal? \| No, qualified distributions are tax-free. You may be penalized if you withdraw from your Roth 401(k) before age 59 ½. \| \| Are there required minimum distributions? \| No, Roth 401(k)s are no longer subject to RMDs as long as the original account owner is alive. \| \| Who is it best for? \| Someone who expects to be in a higher tax bracket during retirement. Someone who wants to diversify their retirement income sources to take advantage of varied tax treatments. \| Roth 401(k) contribution limit in 2025 and 2026 The Roth 401(k) contribution limit is \$24,500 in 2026. People aged 50 and older can contribute an extra \$8,000 as a catch-up contribution. Due to the Secure 2.0 Act, those aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 get a higher catch-up contribution of \$11,250.. The Roth 401(k) contribution limits are the same as the traditional 401(k) contribution limits. Also, these limits are set per person, not per plan. That means you can split your contributions between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k), but the aggregate contributions can’t exceed the limits. If you need help managing your 401(k), some financial advisors will manage your account for you. 🤓 Nerdy Tip [Catch-up contributions](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/catch-up-contributions) for highly paid retirement plan participants (people earning over \$150,000) must be made to a Roth account beginning in 2026. What are the benefits and drawbacks of a Roth 401(k)? The Roth 401(k) brings together the best of a traditional 401(k) and the much-loved Roth IRA. ### Pros Higher annual contribution limits compared to an IRA. No income limits to participate. Tax-free qualified withdrawals. ### Cons Higher up-front costs. Your tax rate may not be lower in retirement. There are a few factors to consider before deciding whether a Roth 401(k) is a better option than a traditional 401(k). Pro: A Roth 401(k) account can be more valuable in retirement When you pull a dollar out of a Roth 401(k) account, you get to put that entire dollar in your pocket. When you pull a dollar out of a traditional 401(k), you have to pay taxes on the distribution. Another plus that comes with Roth 401(k)s? In most cases, the benefit of those tax-free qualified withdrawals extends to your [beneficiaries](https://www.nerdwallet.com/estate-planning/learn/beneficiary). Con: It may cost you more on the front end to use a Roth 401(k) Contributions to a Roth 401(k) can hit your budget harder today because an after-tax contribution takes a bigger bite out of your paycheck than does a pretax contribution to a traditional 401(k). Should I invest in a Roth 401(k)? One way to decide is to think about your current [tax bracket](https://www.nerdwallet.com/taxes/learn/federal-income-tax-brackets) and whether you believe your income tax rate is higher or lower now than it will be in retirement. If your tax rate is lower now than you expect it to be in retirement - A Roth 401(k) may be helpful because you pay the taxes on your retirement income now by making your contributions with after-tax dollars. You won’t pay taxes at the future higher rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. - Many workers, especially those early in their careers, may indeed be in a tax bracket now that is lower than the tax bracket they may be in during retirement. And due to inflation, their incomes and standards of living likely will increase over time, so they may need to draw more dollars of retirement income per year than they're earning now. - Federal and state governments may or may not increase tax rates in the future. If your tax rate is higher now than you expect it to be in retirement - A traditional pretax 401(k) may be helpful because you make your contributions with pretax dollars now and pay taxes on your retirement income later. You pay the taxes a the future lower rate when you take qualified distributions in retirement. - If you’re closer to retirement, you may have a better idea of how your tax rate may change in those years. - Many retirees live frugally, meaning they draw relatively little retirement income, which can put them in a lower tax bracket and give them a lower tax burden. Roth 401(k) withdrawal rules The distribution rules for a Roth 401(k) aren’t as flexible as those for a [Roth IRA](https://www.nerdwallet.com/retirement/learn/what-is-a-roth-ira), but they still have benefits. - You can't withdraw contributions from a Roth 401(k) anytime you like. The Roth 401(k) has a five-year rule for distributions; you must hold the account for five years before distributions are considered qualified and can be taken tax-free. - That rule applies even if you’ve reached 59 ½, the age at which retirement distributions are typically allowed. That's something to consider if you’re getting a late start and want to access that money soon. (In that case, a Roth IRA may be a better choice.) Can I contribute to both a 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)? Yes, it's possible. Most employers that offer both a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k) let you switch back and forth between them or even split your contributions. - Employers may even match Roth 401(k) contributions, but where the matching dollars go depends on plan rules and how the employer chose to set up the account. - Some employers may put their matching dollars into a pretax account, which means that even if you contribute to a Roth 401(k), you'll still have a traditional 401(k) as well. Other employers may put their matching dollars into the Roth account instead. - Using both accounts can enable tax diversification in retirement. You’ll be able to choose whether to pull money from a tax-free or a tax-deferred pot, or a combination of the two, each year.
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