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| Meta Title | Signs and symptoms of insomnia |
| Meta Description | Insomnia is both a clinical sleep disorder and a symptom. What are the specific signs and symptoms a medical doctor will look out for when diagnosing insomnia? |
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| Boilerpipe Text | Signs and symptoms of insomnia
Insomnia is effectively both a symptom in itself and a classified sleep disorder (according to the ICSD-3).
(8)
Â
Symptoms and signs of insomnia are typically characterised according to a patient’s expressed
difficulty in achieving quality sleep
– long periods of time to initiate sleep,
frequent awakenings
during the night or early morning, and
long periods spent awake
once awoken.
Insomnia as a disorder is typically characterised as:
Difficulty falling asleep, remaining asleep or achieving sleep that is restorative.
Sleep difficulty that occurs despite having adequate opportunity to sleep.
Sleep difficulty that results in related daytime function impairments and obvious distress.
Sleep disturbances that take place at least 3 times a week over a period of no shorter than a month.
In short, a disorder relates to a state or condition whereby a person’s sleep related difficulties correlate with abnormal and negative consequences (pathological responses).
(9)
Â
General signs, symptoms and characteristics of insomnia can be broken down as follows:
Difficulties with initiating sleep (falling asleep) even if tired (i.e. lying awake for long periods)
Difficulty maintaining sleep
Waking during the night and having difficulty falling back to sleep
Waking in the early hours of the morning / earlier than desired
Sleep that is variable or irregular (e.g. experiencing several nights of poor quality sleep, followed by a full night’s rest)
Sleeping for short periods at a time
Non-restorative / non-refreshing sleep (i.e. a person may feel like they have not slept)
General sleepiness, drowsiness and fatigue during the day (many individuals are more often fatigued than they are actually sleepy during wakeful hours)
Memory and concentration problems
Forgetfulness
Irritability
Impaired ability to function normally and perform certain tasks or activities
Frequent errors, performance issues, accidents etc.
Lack of motivation and focus
Lethargy
Anxiety and worry relating to sleep
Depression
Tension headaches
The signs and symptoms of insomnia impact various aspects of a person’s life. Daily, function, academic or occupational performance, and personal relationships may take a little more strain than normal, particularly for individuals experiencing persistent or chronic insomnia. Risks relating to injurious harm (such as traffic accidents) also increase where chronic fatigue persistently affects a person.
An impaired sense of sleep is also common with individuals battling insomnia. Many a clinical study has determined that individuals who appear sure that they haven’t slept much, had actually achieved a little more sleep than they were aware of during a specific time period. Sometimes a person estimates that it has taken them a longer period of time to fall asleep than testing (a sleep study or monitoring) actually determines.
References:
8. CHEST Journal. November 2014. International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition
:Â
https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(15)52407-0/fulltext?code=chest-site#cesec10
 [Accessed 04.08.2018]
9.
 US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health
.
 15 August 2007. Insomnia: Definition, Prevalence, Etiology, and Consequences
:Â https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978319/Â [Accessed 04.08.2018] |
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- Signs and symptoms of insomnia
# **Signs** and symptoms of insomnia

Written by: Bronwen Watson
- [Insomnia](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia "Insomnia")
- [Understanding sleep and wakefulness](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/understanding-sleep-and-wakefulness "Understanding sleep and wakefulness")
- [Forms of Insomnia](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/forms-of-insomnia "Forms of Insomnia")
- [Factors which contribute to the onset of insomnia](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/factors-which-contribute-to-the-onset-of-insomnia "Factors which contribute to the onset of insomnia")
- [Signs and symptoms of insomnia](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/signs-and-symptoms-of-insomnia "Signs and symptoms of insomnia")
- [Risk factors for insomnia and potential complications](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/risk-factors-for-insomnia-and-potential-complications "Risk factors for insomnia and potential complications")
- [How is insomnia diagnosed?](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/how-is-insomnia-diagnosed "How is insomnia diagnosed?")
- [How is insomnia treated?](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/how-is-insomnia-treated "How is insomnia treated?")
- [Living with and managing insomnia](https://www.mymed.com/diseases-conditions/insomnia/living-with-and-managing-insomnia "Living with and managing insomnia")
# Signs and symptoms of insomnia
Insomnia is effectively both a symptom in itself and a classified sleep disorder (according to the ICSD-3). **(8)**
Symptoms and signs of insomnia are typically characterised according to a patient’s expressed **difficulty in achieving quality sleep** – long periods of time to initiate sleep, **frequent awakenings** during the night or early morning, and **long periods spent awake** once awoken.
## **Insomnia as a disorder is typically characterised as:**
- Difficulty falling asleep, remaining asleep or achieving sleep that is restorative.
- Sleep difficulty that occurs despite having adequate opportunity to sleep.
- Sleep difficulty that results in related daytime function impairments and obvious distress.
- Sleep disturbances that take place at least 3 times a week over a period of no shorter than a month.
In short, a disorder relates to a state or condition whereby a person’s sleep related difficulties correlate with abnormal and negative consequences (pathological responses). **(9)**
## **General signs, symptoms and characteristics of insomnia can be broken down as follows:**
- Difficulties with initiating sleep (falling asleep) even if tired (i.e. lying awake for long periods)
- Difficulty maintaining sleep
- Waking during the night and having difficulty falling back to sleep
- Waking in the early hours of the morning / earlier than desired
- Sleep that is variable or irregular (e.g. experiencing several nights of poor quality sleep, followed by a full night’s rest)
- Sleeping for short periods at a time
- Non-restorative / non-refreshing sleep (i.e. a person may feel like they have not slept)
- General sleepiness, drowsiness and fatigue during the day (many individuals are more often fatigued than they are actually sleepy during wakeful hours)
- Memory and concentration problems
- Forgetfulness
- Irritability
- Impaired ability to function normally and perform certain tasks or activities
- Frequent errors, performance issues, accidents etc.
- Lack of motivation and focus
- Lethargy
- Anxiety and worry relating to sleep
- Depression
- Tension headaches

The signs and symptoms of insomnia impact various aspects of a person’s life. Daily, function, academic or occupational performance, and personal relationships may take a little more strain than normal, particularly for individuals experiencing persistent or chronic insomnia. Risks relating to injurious harm (such as traffic accidents) also increase where chronic fatigue persistently affects a person.
An impaired sense of sleep is also common with individuals battling insomnia. Many a clinical study has determined that individuals who appear sure that they haven’t slept much, had actually achieved a little more sleep than they were aware of during a specific time period. Sometimes a person estimates that it has taken them a longer period of time to fall asleep than testing (a sleep study or monitoring) actually determines.
**References:**
8\. CHEST Journal. November 2014. International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition: <https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(15)52407-0/fulltext?code=chest-site#cesec10> \[Accessed 04.08.2018\]
9\. US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. 15 August 2007. Insomnia: Definition, Prevalence, Etiology, and Consequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978319/ \[Accessed 04.08.2018\]
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| Readable Markdown | ## Signs and symptoms of insomnia
Insomnia is effectively both a symptom in itself and a classified sleep disorder (according to the ICSD-3). **(8)**
Symptoms and signs of insomnia are typically characterised according to a patient’s expressed **difficulty in achieving quality sleep** – long periods of time to initiate sleep, **frequent awakenings** during the night or early morning, and **long periods spent awake** once awoken.
## **Insomnia as a disorder is typically characterised as:**
- Difficulty falling asleep, remaining asleep or achieving sleep that is restorative.
- Sleep difficulty that occurs despite having adequate opportunity to sleep.
- Sleep difficulty that results in related daytime function impairments and obvious distress.
- Sleep disturbances that take place at least 3 times a week over a period of no shorter than a month.
In short, a disorder relates to a state or condition whereby a person’s sleep related difficulties correlate with abnormal and negative consequences (pathological responses). **(9)**
## **General signs, symptoms and characteristics of insomnia can be broken down as follows:**
- Difficulties with initiating sleep (falling asleep) even if tired (i.e. lying awake for long periods)
- Difficulty maintaining sleep
- Waking during the night and having difficulty falling back to sleep
- Waking in the early hours of the morning / earlier than desired
- Sleep that is variable or irregular (e.g. experiencing several nights of poor quality sleep, followed by a full night’s rest)
- Sleeping for short periods at a time
- Non-restorative / non-refreshing sleep (i.e. a person may feel like they have not slept)
- General sleepiness, drowsiness and fatigue during the day (many individuals are more often fatigued than they are actually sleepy during wakeful hours)
- Memory and concentration problems
- Forgetfulness
- Irritability
- Impaired ability to function normally and perform certain tasks or activities
- Frequent errors, performance issues, accidents etc.
- Lack of motivation and focus
- Lethargy
- Anxiety and worry relating to sleep
- Depression
- Tension headaches

The signs and symptoms of insomnia impact various aspects of a person’s life. Daily, function, academic or occupational performance, and personal relationships may take a little more strain than normal, particularly for individuals experiencing persistent or chronic insomnia. Risks relating to injurious harm (such as traffic accidents) also increase where chronic fatigue persistently affects a person.
An impaired sense of sleep is also common with individuals battling insomnia. Many a clinical study has determined that individuals who appear sure that they haven’t slept much, had actually achieved a little more sleep than they were aware of during a specific time period. Sometimes a person estimates that it has taken them a longer period of time to fall asleep than testing (a sleep study or monitoring) actually determines.
**References:**
8\. CHEST Journal. November 2014. International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition: <https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(15)52407-0/fulltext?code=chest-site#cesec10> \[Accessed 04.08.2018\]
9\. US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. 15 August 2007. Insomnia: Definition, Prevalence, Etiology, and Consequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1978319/ \[Accessed 04.08.2018\] |
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