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1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 110 (from laksa087)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa110.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8887\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8887\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887","crawl_time":1769923917,"first_indexed_time":1581870892,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,medicalnewstoday!www,\/articles\/8887 s443","src_root_hash":"5853625527623639710","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Arrhythmia: Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment","meta_descriptions":["Arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat. It is not always serious but can indicate severe heart damage. Learn about the types, causes, treatments, and more."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem.\nArrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly.\nThe heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly.\nIf they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications.\nRead on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more.\nCardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly.\nThere are\nseveral\ntypes, including:\nbradycardia\n, a slow heartbeat\ntachycardia\n, a fast heartbeat\nirregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as\natrial fibrillation (AFib)\nArrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest.\nThere are several types of arrhythmia.\nAFib\nAFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults\nover 65 years\n.\nInstead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat.\nAtrial flutter\nWhile fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium,\natrial flutter\nusually\nstems from\none area in the atrium not conducting correcty.\nAtrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment.\nSome people may experience both flutter and fibrillation.\nSupraventricular tachycardia\nSupraventricular tachycardia (SVT)\nis a rapid heartbeat that\nbegins\nin the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions.\nDoctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT.\nVentricular tachycardia\nVentricular tachycardia (VT)\nrefers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat.\nA possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack.\nVentricular fibrillation\nVentricular fibrillation (VFib)\nis an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber\ndo not pump\nblood but quiver instead.\nVFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it.\nBradycardia\nBradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below\n60 beats per minute (bpm)\nfor most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker.\nPossible causes include:\nvarious types of heart disease\nchest trauma\ngenetic factors\nthe use of certain drugs and medications\nhypothermia\nLong QT syndrome\nLong QT syndrome\nrefers to\na heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as\nQT prolongation\n.\nIt can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications.\nThere are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors.\nExamples of risk factors for arrhythmias\ninclude\n:\naging, as it is more common in older adults\nfamily history of arrhythmia\nsmoking\nusing certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines\nexcess alcohol consumption\ncertain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications\nsome conditions, such as:\nobesity\ndiabetes\nkidney disease\nlung disease\nsleep apnea\nheart and blood vessel diseases\nArrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination.\nHaving symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have\nlife threatening arrhythmias\nwith no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia.\nSymptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia.\nSymptoms of tachycardia\nThe symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include:\nbreathlessness\ndizziness\nfainting\nor nearly fainting\nfluttering in the chest, known as\nheart palpitations\nchest pain\nlightheadedness\nsudden\nweakness\nSymptoms of bradycardia\nBradycardia can cause the following symptoms:\nangina\n, or chest pain\ndifficulty concentrating\nconfusion\ndifficulty exercising\ndizziness\ntiredness\nlightheadedness\npalpitations\nshortness of breath\nfainting or nearly fainting\nprofuse sweating\nSymptoms of AFib\nWhen AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve:\nangina\nbreathlessness\ndizziness\npalpitations\nfainting or nearly fainting\nweakness\nTo diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change.\nThey may start by asking questions about any symptoms and\ncarrying out\na physical exam to:\nmeasure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure\nlisten for a\nheart murmur\ncheck for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention\nA doctor may also recommend:\nblood and urine tests\nelectrocardiogram\na\nHolter monitor\nan electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart\na\ntilt table test\nto help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause\ngenetic testing, in some cases\nheart imaging tests\n, such as a\nCT scan or MRI\nSometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but\nnot recommend\ntreatment.\nA person may need treatment if they have:\nan underlying condition\na risk of complications\nsevere symptoms\nThe various arrhythmias require different treatments.\nTreatments for tachycardia\nThere are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include:\ncarotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure\nValsalva maneuver\ncardioversion\nimplantable cardioverter-defibrillator\ncardiac ablation surgery\nmedications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart\nTreatments for bradycardia\nTreatment for bradycardia\nmay involve\nthe following:\nintravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable\nwarming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to\nhypothermia\nproviding appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition\nimplanting a\npacemaker\nTreatment for AFib\nTreatment options for AFib\ninclude\n:\napplicable lifestyle measures, such as:\nphysical activity\nfollowing a\nheart-healthy diet\nquitting smoking\navoiding alcohol\nmaintaining a\nmoderate weight\nmanaging stress\nusing medication, such as\nbeta-blockers\n, blood thinners, or\ncalcium channel blockers\n, as a doctor prescribes\nprocedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker\nheart surgery, such as\ncatheter ablation\nor closing off part of the heart\nSome people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications\ncan arise\n.\nPossible complications of arrhythmia\ninclude\n:\nstroke\nheart failure\ncardiac arrest\nContacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications.\nSteps a person can take to reduce their risk can include:\nseeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan\ngetting enough regular exercise or physical activity\navoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs\nlimiting alcohol consumption\nchecking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements\nHere are some common questions about arrhythmia.\nWhat is the main cause of arrhythmia?\nOverall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of\n65 years\n. Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia.\nIs arrhythmia serious?\nArrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan.\nWhat are the warning signs of arrhythmia?\nCommon warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat.\nDo arrhythmias go away?\nArrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary.\nArrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should.\nThere are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia.\nIt is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  ### Health Conditions\n  - [Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/alzheimers-and-dementia)\n  - [Anxiety](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/anxiety)\n  - [Asthma & Allergies](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/asthma-and-allergies)\n  - [Atopic Dermatitis](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/program\/investigating-atopic-dermatitis)\n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/cancer)\n  - [Cardiovascular Health](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/cardiovascular-health)\n  - [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/coronavirus?correlationId=2b137d5a-dcfb-464e-9ea6-72c5a54b4e92)\n  - 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[Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/complementary-therapies-for-as-quiz#1)\n- Connect\n  ### About Medical News Today\n  - [Who We Are](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about)\n  - [Our Editorial Process](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/process)\n  - [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n  - [Conscious Language](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/conscious-language)\n  \n  ### Find Community\n  - [Bezzy Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.bezzybc.com\/lp\/2\/?verzenio&utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy MS](https:\/\/www.bezzyms.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy Migraine](https:\/\/www.bezzymigraine.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy Psoriasis](https:\/\/www.bezzypsoriasis.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  ### Follow Us\n\nSubscribe\n\n# What to know about arrhythmia\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.medicalnewstoday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Uzochukwu-Ibe-500x500-Bio-2.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Uzochukwu Ibe, MD, MPH]() — Written by [Tim Newman]() —  [Updated on May 22, 2024]()\n\n- [Definition](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#definition)\n- [Types and causes](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#types-and-causes)\n- [Risk factors](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#risk-factors)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#symptoms)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#diagnosis)\n- [Treatments](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#treatments)\n- [Complications](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#complications)\n- [Prevention](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#prevention)\n- [FAQ](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#faq)\n- [Summary](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8887#summary)\n\nAn arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem.\n\nArrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly.\n\nThe heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly.\n\nIf they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications.\n\nRead on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more.\n\n## [What is arrhythmia?]()\n![person checking for arrhythmia](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.medicalnewstoday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2022\/11\/know_arrhythmia_GettyImages1358608957_Header-1024x575.jpg?w=1155&h=1528)\n\n[Share on Pinterest](https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F8887&media=https%3A%2F%2Fpost.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F3%2F2022%2F11%2Fknow_arrhythmia_GettyImages1358608957_Header-1024x575.jpg&description=Arrhythmia%3A%20Types%2C%20causes%2C%20symptoms%2C%20and%20treatment \"Share on Pinterest\")\n\nCarol Yepes\/Getty Images\n\nCardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly.\n\nThere are [several](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia) types, including:\n\n- [bradycardia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324264), a slow heartbeat\n- [tachycardia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/175241), a fast heartbeat\n- irregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as [atrial fibrillation (AFib)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323621.php)\n\nArrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest.\n\nLearn about [what a heart rate should be](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/235710).\n\n## [What are the types and causes of arrhythmia?]()\nThere are several types of arrhythmia.\n\n### AFib\nAFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults [over 65 years](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/causes).\n\nInstead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat.\n\n### Atrial flutter\nWhile fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium, [atrial flutter](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-atrial-flutter) usually [stems from](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK540985\/) one area in the atrium not conducting correcty.\n\nAtrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment.\n\nSome people may experience both flutter and fibrillation.\n\n### Supraventricular tachycardia\n[Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/svt-heart) is a rapid heartbeat that [begins](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) in the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions.\n\nDoctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT.\n\n### Ventricular tachycardia\n[Ventricular tachycardia (VT)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-ventricular-tachycardia) refers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat.\n\nA possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack.\n\n### Ventricular fibrillation\n[Ventricular fibrillation (VFib)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/188837) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber [do not pump](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537120\/) blood but quiver instead.\n\nVFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it.\n\n### Bradycardia\nBradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below [60 beats per minute (bpm)](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/) for most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker.\n\nPossible causes include:\n\n- various types of heart disease\n- chest trauma\n- genetic factors\n- the use of certain drugs and medications\n- hypothermia\n### Long QT syndrome\nLong QT syndrome [refers to](https:\/\/rarediseases.org\/rare-diseases\/romano-ward-syndrome\/) a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as [QT prolongation](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/qt-prolongation).\n\nIt can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications.\n\nLearn more about [long QT syndrome](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/long-qt-syndrome).\n\n## [What are the risk factors for arrhythmia?]()\nThere are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors.\n\nExamples of risk factors for arrhythmias [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias\/causes):\n\n- aging, as it is more common in older adults\n- family history of arrhythmia\n- smoking\n- using certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines\n- excess alcohol consumption\n- certain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications\n- some conditions, such as:\n  - obesity\n  - diabetes\n  - kidney disease\n  - lung disease\n  - sleep apnea\n  - heart and blood vessel diseases\n\n## [What are the symptoms of arrhythmia?]()\nArrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination.\n\nHaving symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have [life threatening arrhythmias](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/life-threatening-arrhythmias) with no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia.\n\nSymptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia.\n\n### Symptoms of tachycardia\nThe symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include:\n\n- [breathlessness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/314963)\n- [dizziness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325251)\n- [fainting](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182524) or nearly fainting\n- fluttering in the chest, known as [heart palpitations](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/318275)\n- [chest pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/321650)\n- [lightheadedness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323717)\n- sudden [weakness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/asthenia-weakness)\n### Symptoms of bradycardia\nBradycardia can cause the following symptoms:\n\n- [angina](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8886), or chest pain\n- difficulty concentrating\n- [confusion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/confusion)\n- difficulty exercising\n- dizziness\n- [tiredness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248002)\n- lightheadedness\n- palpitations\n- shortness of breath\n- fainting or nearly fainting\n- [profuse sweating](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182130)\n### Symptoms of AFib\nWhen AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve:\n\n- angina\n- breathlessness\n- dizziness\n- palpitations\n- fainting or nearly fainting\n- weakness\n\n## [How do doctors diagnose arrhythmia?]()\nTo diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change.\n\nThey may start by asking questions about any symptoms and [carrying out](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias\/diagnosis) a physical exam to:\n\n- measure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure\n- listen for a [heart murmur](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326802)\n- check for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention\n\nA doctor may also recommend:\n\n- blood and urine tests\n- [electrocardiogram](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/ecg-vs-ekg)\n- a [Holter monitor](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/322145)\n- an electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart\n- a [tilt table test](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/tilt-table-test) to help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause\n- genetic testing, in some cases\n- [heart imaging tests](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/heart-imaging), such as a [CT scan or MRI](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326839)\n\n## [What are the treatments for arrhythmia?]()\nSometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but [not recommend](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) treatment.\n\nA person may need treatment if they have:\n\n- an underlying condition\n- a risk of complications\n- severe symptoms\n\nThe various arrhythmias require different treatments.\n\n### Treatments for tachycardia\nThere are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include:\n\n- carotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure\n- [Valsalva maneuver](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/322661)\n- [cardioversion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardioversion)\n- [implantable cardioverter-defibrillator](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/implantable-cardioverter-defibrillators-what-to-know)\n- [cardiac ablation surgery](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-ablation-surgery)\n- medications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart\n### Treatments for bradycardia\nTreatment for bradycardia [may involve](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/) the following:\n\n- intravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable\n- warming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to [hypothermia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182197)\n- providing appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition\n- implanting a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324662.php)\n### Treatment for AFib\nTreatment options for AFib [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/treatment):\n\n- applicable lifestyle measures, such as:\n  - physical activity\n  - following a [heart-healthy diet](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-diet)\n  - [quitting smoking](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/241302)\n  - avoiding alcohol\n- maintaining a [moderate weight](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323446)\n- [managing stress](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/145855)\n- using medication, such as [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/173068), blood thinners, or [calcium channel blockers](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326788), as a doctor prescribes\n- procedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker\n- heart surgery, such as [catheter ablation](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/316554) or closing off part of the heart\n\nLearn more about [medications for arrhythmia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-the-best-medication-for-irregular-heartbeat).\n\n## [What are the possible complications of arrhythmia?]()\nSome people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications [can arise](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias).\n\nPossible complications of arrhythmia [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias):\n\n- [stroke](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/7624.php)\n- [heart failure](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/156849)\n- [cardiac arrest](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-arrest)\n\nContacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications.\n\n### Is it a heart attack?\nHeart attacks occur when there is a lack of blood supply to the heart. Symptoms include:\n\n- chest pain, pressure, or tightness\n- pain that may spread to the arms, neck, jaw, or back\n- nausea and vomiting\n- sweaty or clammy skin\n- heartburn or indigestion\n- shortness of breath\n- coughing or wheezing\n- lightheadedness or dizziness\n- anxiety that can feel similar to a panic attack\n\nIf [you think](https:\/\/cpr.heart.org\/en\/resuscitation-science\/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines\/algorithms) someone is having a heart attack:\n\n1. Dial 911 or the number of the nearest emergency department.\n2. Stay with the person until emergency services arrive.\n\nIf a person stops breathing before emergency services arrive, perform manual chest compressions:\n\n1. Lock fingers together and place the base of hands in the center of the chest.\n2. Position shoulders over hands and lock elbows.\n3. Press hard and fast, at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, to a depth of 2 inches.\n4. Continue these movements until the person starts to breathe or move.\n5. If needed, swap over with someone else without pausing compressions.\n\nUse an automatic external defibrillator (AED) available in many public places:\n\n1. An AED provides a shock that may restart the heart.\n2. Follow the instructions on the defibrillator or listen to the guided instructions.\n\n## [Is it possible to prevent arrhythmia?]()\nIt is [not always possible](https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/arrhythmia\/) to prevent arrhythmia.\n\nSteps a person can take to reduce their risk can include:\n\n- seeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan\n- getting enough regular exercise or physical activity\n- avoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs\n- limiting alcohol consumption\n- checking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements\n\n## [Frequently asked questions]()\nHere are some common questions about arrhythmia.\n\n### What is the main cause of arrhythmia?\nOverall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of [65 years](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/causes). Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia.\n\n### Is arrhythmia serious?\nArrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan.\n\n### What are the warning signs of arrhythmia?\nCommon warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat.\n\n### Do arrhythmias go away?\nArrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary.\n\n## [Summary]()\nArrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should.\n\nThere are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia.\n\nIt is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help.\n\n- [Arrhythmia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/arrhythmia)\n- [Heart Disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/heart-disease)\n- [Cardiovascular \/ Cardiology](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/cardiovascular)\n- [arrhythmia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/cat1-arrhythmia)\n- [Cat 1](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/cat1-en)\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nMedical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/process).\n\n- Arrhythmia. (2021).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/arrhythmia\/>\n- Atrial fibrillation. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation>\n- Hafeez Y, et al. (2023). Sinus bradycardia.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/>\n- Long QT syndrome. (2017).  \n  <https:\/\/rarediseases.org\/rare-diseases\/romano-ward-syndrome\/>\n- Ludhwani D, et al. (2023). Ventricular fibrillation.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537120\/>\n- Tachycardia: Fast heart rate. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate>\n- What is an arrhythmia? (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia>\n- Ziccardi MR, et al. (2022). Atrial flutter.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK540985\/>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.medicalnewstoday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Uzochukwu-Ibe-500x500-Bio-2.png?w=105&h=105)\n\nMedically reviewed by [Uzochukwu Ibe, MD, MPH](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/reviewers\/uzochukwu-ibe-md) — Written by [Tim Newman](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/authors\/tim-newman) —  Updated on May 22, 2024\n\n## More in [A Deeper Understanding of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/program\/a-deeper-understanding-of-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy)\n- [Cardiomyopathy: What to know](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327456)\n- [Cardiomyopathy vs. heart failure: What is the difference?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure)\n- [What is the life expectancy for a person with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy)\n- [Everything you need to know about heart disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191)\n- [View all](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/program\/a-deeper-understanding-of-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy)\n\n### Related Coverage\n- [Cardiomyopathy: What to know](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327456?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Cardiomyopathy is a disease that involves a weakened heart muscle. The condition makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood throughout the body…](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327456?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327456?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Cardiomyopathy vs. heart failure: What is the difference?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Cardiomyopathy is one of many potential causes for heart failure. Learn the difference between cardiomyopathy versus heart failure.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What is the life expectancy for a person with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [What is HCM and how may it influence life expectancy? Read on to learn more about this heart condition and how to manage heart health.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Everything you need to know about heart disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Heart disease is a major cause of death. In this article, learn about the different types, how to recognize the symptoms, and what treatment to expect.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Terms of Use](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/terms-of-use)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/privacy-policy)\n- [Privacy Settings](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/privacy-settings)\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/ad-policy)\n\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/directory\/a-b)\n- [Health Hubs](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/content-hubs)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/reviewers)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/newsletter)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem.\n\nArrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly.\n\nThe heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly.\n\nIf they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications.\n\nRead on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more.\n\nCardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly.\n\nThere are [several](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia) types, including:\n\n- [bradycardia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324264), a slow heartbeat\n- [tachycardia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/175241), a fast heartbeat\n- irregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as [atrial fibrillation (AFib)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323621.php)\n\nArrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest.\n\nThere are several types of arrhythmia.\n\nAFib\n\nAFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults [over 65 years](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/causes).\n\nInstead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat.\n\nAtrial flutter\n\nWhile fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium, [atrial flutter](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-atrial-flutter) usually [stems from](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK540985\/) one area in the atrium not conducting correcty.\n\nAtrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment.\n\nSome people may experience both flutter and fibrillation.\n\nSupraventricular tachycardia\n\n[Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/svt-heart) is a rapid heartbeat that [begins](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) in the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions.\n\nDoctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT.\n\nVentricular tachycardia\n\n[Ventricular tachycardia (VT)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-is-ventricular-tachycardia) refers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat.\n\nA possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack.\n\nVentricular fibrillation\n\n[Ventricular fibrillation (VFib)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/188837) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber [do not pump](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537120\/) blood but quiver instead.\n\nVFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it.\n\nBradycardia\n\nBradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below [60 beats per minute (bpm)](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/) for most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker.\n\nPossible causes include:\n\n- various types of heart disease\n- chest trauma\n- genetic factors\n- the use of certain drugs and medications\n- hypothermia\n\nLong QT syndrome\n\nLong QT syndrome [refers to](https:\/\/rarediseases.org\/rare-diseases\/romano-ward-syndrome\/) a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as [QT prolongation](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/qt-prolongation).\n\nIt can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications.\n\nThere are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors.\n\nExamples of risk factors for arrhythmias [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias\/causes):\n\n- aging, as it is more common in older adults\n- family history of arrhythmia\n- smoking\n- using certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines\n- excess alcohol consumption\n- certain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications\n- some conditions, such as:\n  - obesity\n  - diabetes\n  - kidney disease\n  - lung disease\n  - sleep apnea\n  - heart and blood vessel diseases\n\nArrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination.\n\nHaving symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have [life threatening arrhythmias](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/life-threatening-arrhythmias) with no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia.\n\nSymptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia.\n\nSymptoms of tachycardia\n\nThe symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include:\n\n- [breathlessness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/314963)\n- [dizziness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325251)\n- [fainting](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182524) or nearly fainting\n- fluttering in the chest, known as [heart palpitations](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/318275)\n- [chest pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/321650)\n- [lightheadedness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323717)\n- sudden [weakness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/asthenia-weakness)\n\nSymptoms of bradycardia\n\nBradycardia can cause the following symptoms:\n\n- [angina](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8886), or chest pain\n- difficulty concentrating\n- [confusion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/confusion)\n- difficulty exercising\n- dizziness\n- [tiredness](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248002)\n- lightheadedness\n- palpitations\n- shortness of breath\n- fainting or nearly fainting\n- [profuse sweating](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182130)\n\nSymptoms of AFib\n\nWhen AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve:\n\n- angina\n- breathlessness\n- dizziness\n- palpitations\n- fainting or nearly fainting\n- weakness\n\nTo diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change.\n\nThey may start by asking questions about any symptoms and [carrying out](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias\/diagnosis) a physical exam to:\n\n- measure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure\n- listen for a [heart murmur](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326802)\n- check for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention\n\nA doctor may also recommend:\n\n- blood and urine tests\n- [electrocardiogram](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/ecg-vs-ekg)\n- a [Holter monitor](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/322145)\n- an electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart\n- a [tilt table test](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/tilt-table-test) to help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause\n- genetic testing, in some cases\n- [heart imaging tests](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/heart-imaging), such as a [CT scan or MRI](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326839)\n\nSometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but [not recommend](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) treatment.\n\nA person may need treatment if they have:\n\n- an underlying condition\n- a risk of complications\n- severe symptoms\n\nThe various arrhythmias require different treatments.\n\nTreatments for tachycardia\n\nThere are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include:\n\n- carotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure\n- [Valsalva maneuver](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/322661)\n- [cardioversion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardioversion)\n- [implantable cardioverter-defibrillator](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/implantable-cardioverter-defibrillators-what-to-know)\n- [cardiac ablation surgery](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-ablation-surgery)\n- medications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart\n\nTreatments for bradycardia\n\nTreatment for bradycardia [may involve](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/) the following:\n\n- intravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable\n- warming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to [hypothermia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182197)\n- providing appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition\n- implanting a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324662.php)\n\nTreatment for AFib\n\nTreatment options for AFib [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/treatment):\n\n- applicable lifestyle measures, such as:\n  - physical activity\n  - following a [heart-healthy diet](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-diet)\n  - [quitting smoking](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/241302)\n  - avoiding alcohol\n- maintaining a [moderate weight](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/323446)\n- [managing stress](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/145855)\n- using medication, such as [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/173068), blood thinners, or [calcium channel blockers](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/326788), as a doctor prescribes\n- procedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker\n- heart surgery, such as [catheter ablation](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/316554) or closing off part of the heart\n\nSome people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications [can arise](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias).\n\nPossible complications of arrhythmia [include](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias):\n\n- [stroke](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/7624.php)\n- [heart failure](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/156849)\n- [cardiac arrest](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/cardiac-arrest)\n\nContacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications.\n\nSteps a person can take to reduce their risk can include:\n\n- seeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan\n- getting enough regular exercise or physical activity\n- avoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs\n- limiting alcohol consumption\n- checking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements\n\nHere are some common questions about arrhythmia.\n\nWhat is the main cause of arrhythmia?\n\nOverall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of [65 years](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation\/causes). Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia.\n\nIs arrhythmia serious?\n\nArrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan.\n\nWhat are the warning signs of arrhythmia?\n\nCommon warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat.\n\nDo arrhythmias go away?\n\nArrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary.\n\nArrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should.\n\nThere are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia.\n\nIt is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help.","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem. Arrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly. The heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly. If they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications. Read on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more. Cardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly. There are several types, including: bradycardia , a slow heartbeat tachycardia , a fast heartbeat irregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as atrial fibrillation (AFib) Arrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest. There are several types of arrhythmia. AFib AFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults over 65 years . Instead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat. Atrial flutter While fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium, atrial flutter usually stems from one area in the atrium not conducting correcty. Atrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment. Some people may experience both flutter and fibrillation. Supraventricular tachycardia Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid heartbeat that begins in the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions. Doctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT. Ventricular tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia (VT) refers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat. A possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack. Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation (VFib) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber do not pump blood but quiver instead. VFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it. Bradycardia Bradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below 60 beats per minute (bpm) for most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker. Possible causes include: various types of heart disease chest trauma genetic factors the use of certain drugs and medications hypothermia Long QT syndrome Long QT syndrome refers to a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as QT prolongation . It can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications. There are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors. Examples of risk factors for arrhythmias include : aging, as it is more common in older adults family history of arrhythmia smoking using certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines excess alcohol consumption certain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications some conditions, such as: obesity diabetes kidney disease lung disease sleep apnea heart and blood vessel diseases Arrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination. Having symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have life threatening arrhythmias with no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia. Symptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia. Symptoms of tachycardia The symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include: breathlessness dizziness fainting or nearly fainting fluttering in the chest, known as heart palpitations chest pain lightheadedness sudden weakness Symptoms of bradycardia Bradycardia can cause the following symptoms: angina , or chest pain difficulty concentrating confusion difficulty exercising dizziness tiredness lightheadedness palpitations shortness of breath fainting or nearly fainting profuse sweating Symptoms of AFib When AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve: angina breathlessness dizziness palpitations fainting or nearly fainting weakness To diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change. They may start by asking questions about any symptoms and carrying out a physical exam to: measure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure listen for a heart murmur check for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention A doctor may also recommend: blood and urine tests electrocardiogram a Holter monitor an electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart a tilt table test to help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause genetic testing, in some cases heart imaging tests , such as a CT scan or MRI Sometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but not recommend treatment. A person may need treatment if they have: an underlying condition a risk of complications severe symptoms The various arrhythmias require different treatments. Treatments for tachycardia There are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include: carotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure Valsalva maneuver cardioversion implantable cardioverter-defibrillator cardiac ablation surgery medications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart Treatments for bradycardia Treatment for bradycardia may involve the following: intravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable warming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to hypothermia providing appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition implanting a pacemaker Treatment for AFib Treatment options for AFib include : applicable lifestyle measures, such as: physical activity following a heart-healthy diet quitting smoking avoiding alcohol maintaining a moderate weight managing stress using medication, such as beta-blockers , blood thinners, or calcium channel blockers , as a doctor prescribes procedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker heart surgery, such as catheter ablation or closing off part of the heart Some people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications can arise . Possible complications of arrhythmia include : stroke heart failure cardiac arrest Contacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications. Steps a person can take to reduce their risk can include: seeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan getting enough regular exercise or physical activity avoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs limiting alcohol consumption checking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements Here are some common questions about arrhythmia. What is the main cause of arrhythmia? Overall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of 65 years . Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia. Is arrhythmia serious? Arrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan. What are the warning signs of arrhythmia? Common warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat. Do arrhythmias go away? Arrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary. Arrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should. There are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia. It is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help.
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[Summary](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8887#summary) An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem. Arrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly. The heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly. If they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications. Read on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more. ## [What is arrhythmia?]() ![person checking for arrhythmia](https://i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2022/11/know_arrhythmia_GettyImages1358608957_Header-1024x575.jpg?w=1155&h=1528) [Share on Pinterest](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F8887&media=https%3A%2F%2Fpost.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F3%2F2022%2F11%2Fknow_arrhythmia_GettyImages1358608957_Header-1024x575.jpg&description=Arrhythmia%3A%20Types%2C%20causes%2C%20symptoms%2C%20and%20treatment "Share on Pinterest") Carol Yepes/Getty Images Cardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly. There are [several](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia) types, including: - [bradycardia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324264), a slow heartbeat - [tachycardia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/175241), a fast heartbeat - irregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as [atrial fibrillation (AFib)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323621.php) Arrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest. Learn about [what a heart rate should be](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/235710). ## [What are the types and causes of arrhythmia?]() There are several types of arrhythmia. ### AFib AFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults [over 65 years](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/causes). Instead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat. ### Atrial flutter While fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium, [atrial flutter](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-is-atrial-flutter) usually [stems from](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK540985/) one area in the atrium not conducting correcty. Atrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment. Some people may experience both flutter and fibrillation. ### Supraventricular tachycardia [Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/svt-heart) is a rapid heartbeat that [begins](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) in the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions. Doctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT. ### Ventricular tachycardia [Ventricular tachycardia (VT)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-is-ventricular-tachycardia) refers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat. A possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack. ### Ventricular fibrillation [Ventricular fibrillation (VFib)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/188837) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber [do not pump](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537120/) blood but quiver instead. VFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it. ### Bradycardia Bradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below [60 beats per minute (bpm)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/) for most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker. Possible causes include: - various types of heart disease - chest trauma - genetic factors - the use of certain drugs and medications - hypothermia ### Long QT syndrome Long QT syndrome [refers to](https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/romano-ward-syndrome/) a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as [QT prolongation](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/qt-prolongation). It can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications. Learn more about [long QT syndrome](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/long-qt-syndrome). ## [What are the risk factors for arrhythmia?]() There are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors. Examples of risk factors for arrhythmias [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/causes): - aging, as it is more common in older adults - family history of arrhythmia - smoking - using certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines - excess alcohol consumption - certain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications - some conditions, such as: - obesity - diabetes - kidney disease - lung disease - sleep apnea - heart and blood vessel diseases ## [What are the symptoms of arrhythmia?]() Arrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination. Having symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have [life threatening arrhythmias](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/life-threatening-arrhythmias) with no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia. Symptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia. ### Symptoms of tachycardia The symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include: - [breathlessness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/314963) - [dizziness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325251) - [fainting](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182524) or nearly fainting - fluttering in the chest, known as [heart palpitations](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318275) - [chest pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321650) - [lightheadedness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323717) - sudden [weakness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/asthenia-weakness) ### Symptoms of bradycardia Bradycardia can cause the following symptoms: - [angina](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8886), or chest pain - difficulty concentrating - [confusion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/confusion) - difficulty exercising - dizziness - [tiredness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248002) - lightheadedness - palpitations - shortness of breath - fainting or nearly fainting - [profuse sweating](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182130) ### Symptoms of AFib When AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve: - angina - breathlessness - dizziness - palpitations - fainting or nearly fainting - weakness ## [How do doctors diagnose arrhythmia?]() To diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change. They may start by asking questions about any symptoms and [carrying out](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/diagnosis) a physical exam to: - measure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure - listen for a [heart murmur](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326802) - check for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention A doctor may also recommend: - blood and urine tests - [electrocardiogram](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/ecg-vs-ekg) - a [Holter monitor](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322145) - an electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart - a [tilt table test](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tilt-table-test) to help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause - genetic testing, in some cases - [heart imaging tests](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/heart-imaging), such as a [CT scan or MRI](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326839) ## [What are the treatments for arrhythmia?]() Sometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but [not recommend](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) treatment. A person may need treatment if they have: - an underlying condition - a risk of complications - severe symptoms The various arrhythmias require different treatments. ### Treatments for tachycardia There are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include: - carotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure - [Valsalva maneuver](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322661) - [cardioversion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardioversion) - [implantable cardioverter-defibrillator](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/implantable-cardioverter-defibrillators-what-to-know) - [cardiac ablation surgery](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-ablation-surgery) - medications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart ### Treatments for bradycardia Treatment for bradycardia [may involve](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/) the following: - intravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable - warming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to [hypothermia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182197) - providing appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition - implanting a [pacemaker](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324662.php) ### Treatment for AFib Treatment options for AFib [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/treatment): - applicable lifestyle measures, such as: - physical activity - following a [heart-healthy diet](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-diet) - [quitting smoking](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/241302) - avoiding alcohol - maintaining a [moderate weight](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323446) - [managing stress](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855) - using medication, such as [beta-blockers](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173068), blood thinners, or [calcium channel blockers](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326788), as a doctor prescribes - procedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker - heart surgery, such as [catheter ablation](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316554) or closing off part of the heart Learn more about [medications for arrhythmia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-is-the-best-medication-for-irregular-heartbeat). ## [What are the possible complications of arrhythmia?]() Some people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications [can arise](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias). Possible complications of arrhythmia [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias): - [stroke](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7624.php) - [heart failure](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/156849) - [cardiac arrest](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-arrest) Contacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications. ### Is it a heart attack? Heart attacks occur when there is a lack of blood supply to the heart. Symptoms include: - chest pain, pressure, or tightness - pain that may spread to the arms, neck, jaw, or back - nausea and vomiting - sweaty or clammy skin - heartburn or indigestion - shortness of breath - coughing or wheezing - lightheadedness or dizziness - anxiety that can feel similar to a panic attack If [you think](https://cpr.heart.org/en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines/algorithms) someone is having a heart attack: 1. Dial 911 or the number of the nearest emergency department. 2. Stay with the person until emergency services arrive. If a person stops breathing before emergency services arrive, perform manual chest compressions: 1. Lock fingers together and place the base of hands in the center of the chest. 2. Position shoulders over hands and lock elbows. 3. Press hard and fast, at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, to a depth of 2 inches. 4. Continue these movements until the person starts to breathe or move. 5. If needed, swap over with someone else without pausing compressions. Use an automatic external defibrillator (AED) available in many public places: 1. An AED provides a shock that may restart the heart. 2. Follow the instructions on the defibrillator or listen to the guided instructions. ## [Is it possible to prevent arrhythmia?]() It is [not always possible](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/arrhythmia/) to prevent arrhythmia. Steps a person can take to reduce their risk can include: - seeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan - getting enough regular exercise or physical activity - avoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs - limiting alcohol consumption - checking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements ## [Frequently asked questions]() Here are some common questions about arrhythmia. ### What is the main cause of arrhythmia? Overall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of [65 years](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/causes). Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia. ### Is arrhythmia serious? Arrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan. ### What are the warning signs of arrhythmia? Common warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat. ### Do arrhythmias go away? Arrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary. ## [Summary]() Arrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should. There are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia. It is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help. - [Arrhythmia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/arrhythmia) - [Heart Disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/heart-disease) - [Cardiovascular / Cardiology](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/cardiovascular) - [arrhythmia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/cat1-arrhythmia) - [Cat 1](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/cat1-en) ### How we reviewed this article: Sources Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/process). - Arrhythmia. (2021). <https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/arrhythmia/> - Atrial fibrillation. (2022). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation> - Hafeez Y, et al. (2023). Sinus bradycardia. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/> - Long QT syndrome. (2017). <https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/romano-ward-syndrome/> - Ludhwani D, et al. (2023). Ventricular fibrillation. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537120/> - Tachycardia: Fast heart rate. (2022). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate> - What is an arrhythmia? (2022). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia> - Ziccardi MR, et al. (2022). Atrial flutter. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK540985/> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Uzochukwu-Ibe-500x500-Bio-2.png?w=105&h=105) Medically reviewed by [Uzochukwu Ibe, MD, MPH](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/reviewers/uzochukwu-ibe-md) — Written by [Tim Newman](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/authors/tim-newman) — Updated on May 22, 2024 ## More in [A Deeper Understanding of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/program/a-deeper-understanding-of-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy) - [Cardiomyopathy: What to know](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327456) - [Cardiomyopathy vs. heart failure: What is the difference?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure) - [What is the life expectancy for a person with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy) - [Everything you need to know about heart disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191) - [View all](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/program/a-deeper-understanding-of-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy) ### Related Coverage - [Cardiomyopathy: What to know](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327456?utm_source=ReadNext) [Cardiomyopathy is a disease that involves a weakened heart muscle. The condition makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood throughout the body…](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327456?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327456?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Cardiomyopathy vs. heart failure: What is the difference?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext) [Cardiomyopathy is one of many potential causes for heart failure. Learn the difference between cardiomyopathy versus heart failure.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiomyopathy-vs-heart-failure?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What is the life expectancy for a person with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext) [What is HCM and how may it influence life expectancy? Read on to learn more about this heart condition and how to manage heart health.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-life-expectancy?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Everything you need to know about heart disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191?utm_source=ReadNext) [Heart disease is a major cause of death. In this article, learn about the different types, how to recognize the symptoms, and what treatment to expect.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191?utm_source=ReadNext) © 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. 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Readable Markdown	An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem. Arrhythmias — sometimes called dysrhythmias — occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly. The heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, too early, or with an irregular rhythm. In contrast, a “normal sinus rhythm” refers to how the heart beats when it is working properly. If they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications. Read on to learn more about arrhythmia, including the types, causes, and symptoms. This article also discusses treatment options, how doctors diagnose arrhythmia, possible complications, and more. Cardiac arrhythmia refers to conditions in which the heart beats irregularly, too slowly, or too quickly. There are [several](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia) types, including: - [bradycardia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324264), a slow heartbeat - [tachycardia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/175241), a fast heartbeat - irregular heartbeat, also known as a flutter or fibrillation, such as [atrial fibrillation (AFib)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323621.php) Arrhythmias are not always serious, but some can increase the risk of stroke or cardiac arrest. There are several types of arrhythmia. AFib AFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. It is common and mainly develops in adults [over 65 years](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/causes). Instead of a single, strong contraction, the chamber fibrillates or quivers, often producing a rapid heartbeat. Atrial flutter While fibrillation causes many random and different quivers in the atrium, [atrial flutter](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-is-atrial-flutter) usually [stems from](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK540985/) one area in the atrium not conducting correcty. Atrial flutter can be a serious condition and usually leads to fibrillation without treatment. Some people may experience both flutter and fibrillation. Supraventricular tachycardia [Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/svt-heart) is a rapid heartbeat that [begins](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) in the upper chambers of the heart. It prevents blood from filling the heart’s chambers fully between contractions. Doctors classify atrial fibrillation and flutter under SVT. Ventricular tachycardia [Ventricular tachycardia (VT)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-is-ventricular-tachycardia) refers to abnormal electrical impulses that start in the lower chambers and cause an abnormally fast heartbeat. A possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack. Ventricular fibrillation [Ventricular fibrillation (VFib)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/188837) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles. The ventricles of the lower chamber [do not pump](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537120/) blood but quiver instead. VFib can be life threatening and has links to heart disease. A heart attack often triggers it. Bradycardia Bradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below [60 beats per minute (bpm)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/) for most people. It happens when there is a problem with the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker. Possible causes include: - various types of heart disease - chest trauma - genetic factors - the use of certain drugs and medications - hypothermia Long QT syndrome Long QT syndrome [refers to](https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/romano-ward-syndrome/) a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. It can be life threatening and causes a rhythm known as [QT prolongation](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/qt-prolongation). It can also occur due to genetic susceptibility or taking certain medications. There are many risk factors for arrhythmias, and different types may have different risk factors. Examples of risk factors for arrhythmias [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/causes): - aging, as it is more common in older adults - family history of arrhythmia - smoking - using certain recreational drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines - excess alcohol consumption - certain medications, such as antibiotics and over-the-counter cold and allergy medications - some conditions, such as: - obesity - diabetes - kidney disease - lung disease - sleep apnea - heart and blood vessel diseases Arrhythmia does not always cause noticeable symptoms. However, a doctor may detect an arrhythmia during a routine examination. Having symptoms does not necessarily mean the arrhythmia is severe. Some people have [life threatening arrhythmias](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/life-threatening-arrhythmias) with no symptoms, while others with symptoms may not have a severe arrhythmia. Symptoms depend on the type of arrhythmia. Symptoms of tachycardia The symptoms of a rapid heartbeat include: - [breathlessness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/314963) - [dizziness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325251) - [fainting](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182524) or nearly fainting - fluttering in the chest, known as [heart palpitations](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318275) - [chest pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321650) - [lightheadedness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323717) - sudden [weakness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/asthenia-weakness) Symptoms of bradycardia Bradycardia can cause the following symptoms: - [angina](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8886), or chest pain - difficulty concentrating - [confusion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/confusion) - difficulty exercising - dizziness - [tiredness](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248002) - lightheadedness - palpitations - shortness of breath - fainting or nearly fainting - [profuse sweating](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182130) Symptoms of AFib When AFib symptoms occur, they often have a rapid onset and may involve: - angina - breathlessness - dizziness - palpitations - fainting or nearly fainting - weakness To diagnose arrhythmia, a doctor will need to identify the unusual heartbeat and try to find the source of the change. They may start by asking questions about any symptoms and [carrying out](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/diagnosis) a physical exam to: - measure the heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure - listen for a [heart murmur](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326802) - check for symptoms such as swelling due to fluid retention A doctor may also recommend: - blood and urine tests - [electrocardiogram](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/ecg-vs-ekg) - a [Holter monitor](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322145) - an electrophysiology study to measure electrical activity in the heart - a [tilt table test](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tilt-table-test) to help identify whether sudden decreases in blood pressure or heart rate are the cause - genetic testing, in some cases - [heart imaging tests](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/heart-imaging), such as a [CT scan or MRI](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326839) Sometimes, a doctor may monitor the heart rhythm but [not recommend](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) treatment. A person may need treatment if they have: - an underlying condition - a risk of complications - severe symptoms The various arrhythmias require different treatments. Treatments for tachycardia There are several treatments for tachycardia. The precise options will depend on the type and cause, but may include: - carotid sinus massage, where a medical professional will gently apply pressure - [Valsalva maneuver](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322661) - [cardioversion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardioversion) - [implantable cardioverter-defibrillator](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/implantable-cardioverter-defibrillators-what-to-know) - [cardiac ablation surgery](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-ablation-surgery) - medications to reduce the frequency of episodes or promote electrical conduction through the heart Treatments for bradycardia Treatment for bradycardia [may involve](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/) the following: - intravenous atropine if tests show that blood pressure is unstable - warming up the person before deciding on treatment if bradycardia is due to [hypothermia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182197) - providing appropriate treatment for a heart problem or other underlying condition - implanting a [pacemaker](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324662.php) Treatment for AFib Treatment options for AFib [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/treatment): - applicable lifestyle measures, such as: - physical activity - following a [heart-healthy diet](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-diet) - [quitting smoking](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/241302) - avoiding alcohol - maintaining a [moderate weight](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323446) - [managing stress](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855) - using medication, such as [beta-blockers](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173068), blood thinners, or [calcium channel blockers](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326788), as a doctor prescribes - procedures such as electrical cardioversion or installing a pacemaker - heart surgery, such as [catheter ablation](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316554) or closing off part of the heart Some people with arrhythmia do not experience active symptoms. However, treatment is still essential because life threatening complications [can arise](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias). Possible complications of arrhythmia [include](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias): - [stroke](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7624.php) - [heart failure](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/156849) - [cardiac arrest](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cardiac-arrest) Contacting a doctor as soon as a person has concerns about arrhythmia or other heart problems can help reduce the likelihood of complications. Steps a person can take to reduce their risk can include: - seeking help for any underlying condition and following the treatment plan - getting enough regular exercise or physical activity - avoiding the use of tobacco and recreational drugs - limiting alcohol consumption - checking with a doctor before using any medications or supplements Here are some common questions about arrhythmia. What is the main cause of arrhythmia? Overall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of [65 years](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation/causes). Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia. Is arrhythmia serious? Arrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. Anyone with signs of arrhythmia should seek medical advice and follow the recommended treatment plan. What are the warning signs of arrhythmia? Common warning signs can depend on the type of arrhythmia but may include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, palpitations or pounding in the chest, shortness of breath, and sweating. Some people have no symptoms, but routine examinations reveal an unusual heartbeat. Do arrhythmias go away? Arrhythmia may resolve on its own in some cases. For example, a person may experience a single episode of AFib due to another illness. However, as arrhythmia can lead to serious complications, it is important to contact a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan where necessary. Arrhythmia is when the heart does not beat as it should. There are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications. For this reason, it is essential to seek medical advice if a person notices symptoms of arrhythmia. It is not always possible to prevent arrhythmias, but regular physical activity, maintaining a moderate weight, and seeking treatment for underlying conditions may help.
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