🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 110 (from laksa023)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa110.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339","crawl_time":1770006008,"first_indexed_time":1580441765,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,medicalnewstoday!www,\/articles\/327339 s443","src_root_hash":"5853625527623639710","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Sleeping difficulty: Causes, treatments, and more","meta_descriptions":["Sleeping difficulties can negatively impact a person’s health. Read this article to learn about the causes and treatment options available."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Sleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early.\nLow quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to\nheadaches\n, excessive\nfatigue\n, and cognitive impairments.\nSleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep.\nRead on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor.\nNumerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role.\nAge is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups.\nAdults\nAs one\n2018 review\nsuggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement (\nREM\n) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty.\nA range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults.\nFor example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include:\noverstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as\nnicotine\nor\ncaffeine\neating a large meal or snacking late at night\nnot being physically active during the day\nexperiencing psychological\nstress\nhaving exposure to noise disturbances or light\nSome medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include:\nsleep apnea\nchronic pain\nlow\nback pain\nheadaches and\nmigraine\nallergies or upper respiratory infections\ngastrointestinal problems, such as\nacid reflux\n, nausea, or vomiting\nmental health\nconditions such as\nanxiety\n,\ndepression\n, and chronic stress\nneurodegenerative conditions, such as\nParkinson’s disease\nand\nAlzheimer’s disease\nChildren\nAge\nRecommended hours of sleep per day\n0–3 months\n14–17 hours\n4–12 months\n12–16 hours (including naps)\n1–2 years\n11–14 hours (including naps)\n3–5 years\n10–13 hours (including naps)\n6–12 years\n9–12 hours\n13–18 years\n8–10 hours\nIn\n2015\n, the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights.\nThe\nCDC\nalso say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of:\nchronic health conditions, such as\nobesity\nand\ndiabetes\nmental health conditions\ninjuries\nfocus and attention problems\nbehavioral problems\npoor academic performance\nThe following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children:\nhaving irregular sleep patterns\nusing personal electronic devices before bedtime\nnot being physically active during the day\nconsuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime\nexperiencing\nbreathing problems\n, such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome\nhaving a\nfever\n, headache, or other illness\nPregnant women\nSome women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant.\nChanges in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones\nprogesterone\nand\nestrogen\nincrease during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep.\nSleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include:\nback or\nleg pain\na frequent need to urinate\nheartburn\nor\nindigestion\nnausea or vomiting\nsnoring or nasal congestion\nSleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications:\nmemory problems\ndifficulty concentrating\na\nweakened immune system\nincreased\nblood pressure\nincreased risk of\nheart disease\nlower sex drive\nchanges in appetite\nunexpected weight gain\nloss of balance\nand coordination\nThe sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions.\nInsomnia\nPeople with\ninsomnia\nmay have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months.\nThe exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include:\ncertain medications\nchronic pain conditions\nheadaches and migraine\nhormonal imbalances due to\nhypothyroidism\ngastrointestinal problems\nstress or emotional disturbances\nmajor life changes\nMost cases\nof chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia.\nSleep apnea\nSleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen.\nSome symptoms of sleep apnea include:\nloud snoring\ngasping for breath while asleep\nweak or completely absent respiration\nA healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include:\nlimiting alcohol intake\nbeing physically active\nlosing weight\neating a low fat, low sodium diet\nPeople with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open.\nRestless legs syndrome\nRestless legs syndrome (RLS)\noccurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night.\nSome possible causes of RLS include:\ngenetics\niron deficiency\nalcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use\ncertain cold medications\nselective\nserotonin\nreuptake inhibitors, which are a type of\nantidepressant\nnerve damage\nkidney disease\nThere is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following:\ngetting a massage\ntrying foot and leg wraps\nstretching\nexercising\ntaking\nvitamin\nsupplements\nDelayed sleep phase disorder\nDelayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep\/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night.\nDelayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep\/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue.\nLack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep.\nA person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day.\nPeople who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options.\nLifestyle changes\nMaking the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep:\ngoing to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends\navoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime\nnot eating right before going to sleep\nspending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath\nminimizing daytime napping as much as possible\nfalling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room\nexercising during the day\nSleep aids\nSome over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as\nmelatonin\n, can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder.\nHowever, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include:\ndaytime fatigue\nexcessive thirst\ncoordination issues\nThe following are some general tips for improving sleep quality:\nincreasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime\nreducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom\nnot exercising before bed\nreplacing old mattresses and pillows\nminimizing stress\ncreating a relaxing bedtime routine\nsleeping in a dark, cool room\ntracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app\nSleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two.\nSleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems.\nPeople who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  ### Health Conditions\n  - [Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/alzheimers-and-dementia)\n  - [Anxiety](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/anxiety)\n  - [Asthma & Allergies](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/asthma-and-allergies)\n  - [Atopic Dermatitis](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/program\/investigating-atopic-dermatitis)\n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/cancer)\n  - [Cardiovascular Health](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/cardiovascular-health)\n  - [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/coronavirus?correlationId=2b137d5a-dcfb-464e-9ea6-72c5a54b4e92)\n  - [Diabetes](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/diabetes)\n  - [Endometriosis](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/endometriosis)\n  - [Environment & Sustainability](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/environment-and-sustainability)\n  - 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[Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n  - [Conscious Language](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/conscious-language)\n  \n  ### Find Community\n  - [Bezzy Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.bezzybc.com\/lp\/2\/?verzenio&utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy MS](https:\/\/www.bezzyms.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy Migraine](https:\/\/www.bezzymigraine.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  - [Bezzy Psoriasis](https:\/\/www.bezzypsoriasis.com\/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect)\n  ### Follow Us\n\nSubscribe\n\n# Having trouble sleeping: What to know\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.medicalnewstoday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/12\/DebraWeatherspoon.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., MSN]() — Written by [Jamie Eske]()  on December 18, 2019\n\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#causes)\n- [Types](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#types)\n- [When to see a doctor](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#when-to-see-a-doctor)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#treatment)\n- [Tips for better sleep](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#tips-for-better-sleep)\n- [Summary](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/327339#summary)\n\nSleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early.\n\nLow quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to [headaches](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/73936.php \"What is causing this headache?\"), excessive [fatigue](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248002.php \"What causes fatigue, and how can I treat it?\"), and cognitive impairments.\n\nSleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep.\n\nRead on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor.\n\n## [Causes of sleeping difficulty]()\n![A woman looking at her phone and experiencing Sleeping difficulty](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com\/content\/images\/articles\/327\/327339\/a-woman-looking-at-her-phone-and-experiencing-sleeping-difficulty.jpg?w=1155&h=1297)\n\n[Share on Pinterest](https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F327339&media=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fcontent%2Fimages%2Farticles%2F327%2F327339%2Fa-woman-looking-at-her-phone-and-experiencing-sleeping-difficulty.jpg&description=Sleeping%20difficulty%3A%20Causes%2C%20treatments%2C%20and%20more \"Share on Pinterest\")\n\nLifestyle factors may play a role in sleeping difficulties.\n\nNumerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role.\n\nAge is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups.\n\n### Adults\nAdults require [at least 7 hours of sleep per night](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/data_statistics.html). However, many adults have difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep through the night. In fact, up to [50% of older adults](https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6) report sleeping difficulties.\n\nAs one [2018 review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5991956\/) suggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement ([REM](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/247927.php \"What is REM sleep?\")) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty.\n\nA range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults.\n\nFor example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include:\n\n- overstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as [nicotine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/240820.php) or [caffeine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/271707.php)\n- eating a large meal or snacking late at night\n- not being physically active during the day\n- experiencing psychological [stress](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/145855.php \"Why stress happens and how to manage it\")\n- having exposure to noise disturbances or light\n\nSome medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include:\n\n- sleep apnea\n- chronic pain\n- low [back pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/172943.php \"What is causing this pain in my back?\")\n- headaches and [migraine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/148373.php \"Everything you need to know about migraines\")\n- allergies or upper respiratory infections\n- gastrointestinal problems, such as [acid reflux](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/146619.php \"What is acid reflux?\"), nausea, or vomiting\n- [mental health](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/154543.php \"What is mental health?\") conditions such as [anxiety](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/anxiety\/ \"What is Anxiety?\"), [depression](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8933.php \"What is depression and what can I do about it?\"), and chronic stress\n- neurodegenerative conditions, such as [Parkinson’s disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/parkinsons-disease\/ \"What is Parkinson's Disease?\") and [Alzheimer’s disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/159442.php \"What to know about Alzheimer's disease\")\n### Children\nThe amount of sleep a child needs depends on their age. The [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/about_sleep\/how_much_sleep.html) provide the following sleep recommendations for children of different age groups:\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| **Age** | **Recommended hours of sleep per day** |\n| 0–3 months | 14–17 hours |\n| 4–12 months | 12–16 hours (including naps) |\n| 1–2 years | 11–14 hours (including naps) |\n| 3–5 years | 10–13 hours (including naps) |\n| 6–12 years | 9–12 hours |\n| 13–18 years | 8–10 hours |\n\nIn [2015](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e), the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights.\n\nThe [CDC](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e) also say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of:\n\n- chronic health conditions, such as [obesity](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/obesity\/how-much-should-i-weigh.php \"How Much Should I Weigh?\") and [diabetes](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/diabetes\/ \"What is Diabetes?\")\n- mental health conditions\n- injuries\n- focus and attention problems\n- behavioral problems\n- poor academic performance\n\nThe following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children:\n\n- having irregular sleep patterns\n- using personal electronic devices before bedtime\n- not being physically active during the day\n- consuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime\n- experiencing [breathing problems](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324429.php), such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome\n- having a [fever](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/168266.php \"Fever: What you need to know\"), headache, or other illness\n### Pregnant women\nSome women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant.\n\nChanges in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones [progesterone](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/277737.php \"Progesterone and progestin: How do they work?\") and [estrogen](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/277177.php \"Everything you need to know about estrogen\") increase during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep.\n\nSleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include:\n\n- back or [leg pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/241968.php \"Types and causes of leg pain\")\n- a frequent need to urinate\n- [heartburn](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/9151.php \"Heartburn: Why it happens and what to do\") or [indigestion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/163484.php \"What to know about indigestion or dyspepsia\")\n- nausea or vomiting\n- snoring or nasal congestion\n\n### Resources for healthy sleep\nTo discover more evidence-based information and resources on the science of healthy sleep, visit [our dedicated hub](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/sleep).\n\n## [Types of sleep disorders]()\nSleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications:\n\n- memory problems\n- difficulty concentrating\n- a [weakened immune system](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324930.php)\n- increased [blood pressure](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/270644.php \"What is a normal blood pressure?\")\n- increased risk of [heart disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191.php \"Everything you need to know about heart disease\")\n- [lower sex drive](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324861.php)\n- changes in appetite\n- unexpected weight gain\n- [loss of balance](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325215.php) and coordination\n\nThe sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions.\n\n### Insomnia\nPeople with [insomnia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/9155.php \"Insomnia: Everything you need to know\") may have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months.\n\nThe exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include:\n\n- certain medications\n- chronic pain conditions\n- headaches and migraine\n- hormonal imbalances due to [hypothyroidism](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/163729.php \"What is hypothyroidism?\")\n- gastrointestinal problems\n- stress or emotional disturbances\n- major life changes\n\n[Most cases](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/insomnia) of chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia.\n\n### Sleep apnea\nSleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen.\n\nSome symptoms of sleep apnea include:\n\n- loud snoring\n- gasping for breath while asleep\n- weak or completely absent respiration\n\nA healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include:\n\n- limiting alcohol intake\n- being physically active\n- losing weight\n- eating a low fat, low sodium diet\n\nPeople with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open.\n\n### Restless legs syndrome\n[Restless legs syndrome (RLS)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/7882.php) occurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night.\n\nSome possible causes of RLS include:\n\n- genetics\n- iron deficiency\n- alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use\n- certain cold medications\n- selective [serotonin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/232248.php \"What is serotonin and what does it do?\") reuptake inhibitors, which are a type of [antidepressant](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248320.php \"All about antidepressants\")\n- nerve damage\n- kidney disease\n\nThere is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following:\n\n- getting a massage\n- trying foot and leg wraps\n- stretching\n- exercising\n- taking [vitamin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/195878.php \"What are vitamins, and how do they work?\") supplements\n### Delayed sleep phase disorder\nDelayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep\/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night.\n\nDelayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep\/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue.\n\n## [When to see a doctor]()\nLack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep.\n\nA person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day.\n\n## [Treatment options]()\nPeople who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options.\n\n### Lifestyle changes\nMaking the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep:\n\n- going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends\n- avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime\n- not eating right before going to sleep\n- spending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath\n- minimizing daytime napping as much as possible\n- falling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room\n- exercising during the day\n### Sleep aids\nSome over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as [melatonin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/232138.php), can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder.\n\nHowever, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include:\n\n- daytime fatigue\n- excessive thirst\n- coordination issues\n\n## [Tips for better sleep]()\nThe following are some general tips for improving sleep quality:\n\n- increasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime\n- reducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom\n- not exercising before bed\n- replacing old mattresses and pillows\n- minimizing stress\n- creating a relaxing bedtime routine\n- sleeping in a dark, cool room\n- tracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app\n\n## [Summary]()\nSleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two.\n\nSleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems.\n\nPeople who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies.\n\n- [Restless Leg Syndrome](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/restless-leg-syndrome)\n- [Anxiety \/ Stress](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/anxiety)\n- [Pain \/ Anesthetics](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/pain)\n- [Sleep \/ Sleep Disorders \/ Insomnia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/categories\/sleep)\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nMedical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/process).\n\n- Crowley, K. (2011). Sleep and sleep disorders in older adults \\[Abstract\\].  \n  [https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6](https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6)\n- Data and statistics: Short sleep duration among US adults. (2017).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/data_statistics.html>\n- How much sleep do I need? (2017).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/about_sleep\/how_much_sleep.html>\n- Insomnia. (n.d.).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/insomnia>\n- Patel, D., *et al.* (2018). Insomnia in the elderly: A review.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5991956\/>\n- Restless legs syndrome fact sheet. (2019).  \n  <https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/patient-caregiver-education\/fact-sheets\/restless-legs-syndrome-fact-sheet>\n- Sleep and sleep disorders. (2018).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/index.html>\n- Wheaton, A. G., *et al.* (2018). Short sleep duration among middle school and high school students.  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.medicalnewstoday.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/12\/DebraWeatherspoon.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., MSN]() — Written by [Jamie Eske]()  on December 18, 2019\n\n## Latest news\n- [Two days of oatmeal may help reduce 'bad' cholesterol levels, study finds](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/two-days-oatmeal-reduce-ldl-cholesterol-levels-study)\n- [Is sleep the missing piece in mental health?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/is-sleep-the-missing-piece-in-mental-health)\n- [Is this why dementia affects more women? How menopause alters the brain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/dementia-menopause-brain-health-gray-matter-memory-loss)\n- [Low dose aspirin does not reduce cancer risk in older adults, long-term study finds](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/low-dose-aspirin-does-not-reduce-cancer-risk-in-older-adults)\n- [Can treating rheumatoid arthritis before it sets in help delay its onset?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/pretreatment-rheumatoid-arthritis-onset-delay-4-years)\n\n### Related Coverage\n- [What to know about side sleeping](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/reviewers)\n  \n  [Sometimes, the side a person sleeps on may affect their health. Find out why, and discover tips for maintaining a comfortable sleeping position.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What to know about 5 sleep disorders](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Raj Dasgupta, MD](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/reviewers)\n  \n  [In this article, learn about the causes and symptoms of several sleep disorders, including sleep apnea, insomnia, and parasomnias.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What to know about sleep aids](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325768?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Alan Carter, Pharm.D.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/reviewers)\n  \n  [People who have difficulty falling or staying asleep may wish to try using sleep aids. Various over-the-counter, prescription, and natural sleep aids…](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325768?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325768?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Sleep quality may increase dementia risk: Latest evidence](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Medical News Today looks at three key studies and their key findings that highlight and further confirm the connection between how poor sleep…](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Tart cherry juice for sleep: Does it help?](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Research suggests that tart cherry juice may improve sleep duration. Learn how to try it, whether there are any risks, and more sleep tips.](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. 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MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/about\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Sleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early.\n\nLow quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to [headaches](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/73936.php \"What is causing this headache?\"), excessive [fatigue](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248002.php \"What causes fatigue, and how can I treat it?\"), and cognitive impairments.\n\nSleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep.\n\nRead on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor.\n\nNumerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role.\n\nAge is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups.\n\nAdults\n\nAs one [2018 review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5991956\/) suggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement ([REM](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/247927.php \"What is REM sleep?\")) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty.\n\nA range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults.\n\nFor example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include:\n\n- overstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as [nicotine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/240820.php) or [caffeine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/271707.php)\n- eating a large meal or snacking late at night\n- not being physically active during the day\n- experiencing psychological [stress](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/145855.php \"Why stress happens and how to manage it\")\n- having exposure to noise disturbances or light\n\nSome medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include:\n\n- sleep apnea\n- chronic pain\n- low [back pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/172943.php \"What is causing this pain in my back?\")\n- headaches and [migraine](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/148373.php \"Everything you need to know about migraines\")\n- allergies or upper respiratory infections\n- gastrointestinal problems, such as [acid reflux](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/146619.php \"What is acid reflux?\"), nausea, or vomiting\n- [mental health](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/154543.php \"What is mental health?\") conditions such as [anxiety](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/anxiety\/ \"What is Anxiety?\"), [depression](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/8933.php \"What is depression and what can I do about it?\"), and chronic stress\n- neurodegenerative conditions, such as [Parkinson’s disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/parkinsons-disease\/ \"What is Parkinson's Disease?\") and [Alzheimer’s disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/159442.php \"What to know about Alzheimer's disease\")\n\nChildren\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| **Age** | **Recommended hours of sleep per day** |\n| 0–3 months | 14–17 hours |\n| 4–12 months | 12–16 hours (including naps) |\n| 1–2 years | 11–14 hours (including naps) |\n| 3–5 years | 10–13 hours (including naps) |\n| 6–12 years | 9–12 hours |\n| 13–18 years | 8–10 hours |\n\nIn [2015](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e), the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights.\n\nThe [CDC](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/67\/wr\/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e) also say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of:\n\n- chronic health conditions, such as [obesity](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/obesity\/how-much-should-i-weigh.php \"How Much Should I Weigh?\") and [diabetes](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/info\/diabetes\/ \"What is Diabetes?\")\n- mental health conditions\n- injuries\n- focus and attention problems\n- behavioral problems\n- poor academic performance\n\nThe following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children:\n\n- having irregular sleep patterns\n- using personal electronic devices before bedtime\n- not being physically active during the day\n- consuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime\n- experiencing [breathing problems](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324429.php), such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome\n- having a [fever](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/168266.php \"Fever: What you need to know\"), headache, or other illness\n\nPregnant women\n\nSome women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant.\n\nChanges in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones [progesterone](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/277737.php \"Progesterone and progestin: How do they work?\") and [estrogen](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/277177.php \"Everything you need to know about estrogen\") increase during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep.\n\nSleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include:\n\n- back or [leg pain](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/241968.php \"Types and causes of leg pain\")\n- a frequent need to urinate\n- [heartburn](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/9151.php \"Heartburn: Why it happens and what to do\") or [indigestion](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/163484.php \"What to know about indigestion or dyspepsia\")\n- nausea or vomiting\n- snoring or nasal congestion\n\nSleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications:\n\n- memory problems\n- difficulty concentrating\n- a [weakened immune system](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324930.php)\n- increased [blood pressure](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/270644.php \"What is a normal blood pressure?\")\n- increased risk of [heart disease](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/237191.php \"Everything you need to know about heart disease\")\n- [lower sex drive](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/324861.php)\n- changes in appetite\n- unexpected weight gain\n- [loss of balance](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/325215.php) and coordination\n\nThe sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions.\n\nInsomnia\n\nPeople with [insomnia](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/9155.php \"Insomnia: Everything you need to know\") may have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months.\n\nThe exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include:\n\n- certain medications\n- chronic pain conditions\n- headaches and migraine\n- hormonal imbalances due to [hypothyroidism](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/163729.php \"What is hypothyroidism?\")\n- gastrointestinal problems\n- stress or emotional disturbances\n- major life changes\n\n[Most cases](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/insomnia) of chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia.\n\nSleep apnea\n\nSleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen.\n\nSome symptoms of sleep apnea include:\n\n- loud snoring\n- gasping for breath while asleep\n- weak or completely absent respiration\n\nA healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include:\n\n- limiting alcohol intake\n- being physically active\n- losing weight\n- eating a low fat, low sodium diet\n\nPeople with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open.\n\nRestless legs syndrome\n\n[Restless legs syndrome (RLS)](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/7882.php) occurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night.\n\nSome possible causes of RLS include:\n\n- genetics\n- iron deficiency\n- alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use\n- certain cold medications\n- selective [serotonin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/232248.php \"What is serotonin and what does it do?\") reuptake inhibitors, which are a type of [antidepressant](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/248320.php \"All about antidepressants\")\n- nerve damage\n- kidney disease\n\nThere is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following:\n\n- getting a massage\n- trying foot and leg wraps\n- stretching\n- exercising\n- taking [vitamin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/195878.php \"What are vitamins, and how do they work?\") supplements\n\nDelayed sleep phase disorder\n\nDelayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep\/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night.\n\nDelayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep\/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue.\n\nLack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep.\n\nA person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day.\n\nPeople who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options.\n\nLifestyle changes\n\nMaking the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep:\n\n- going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends\n- avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime\n- not eating right before going to sleep\n- spending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath\n- minimizing daytime napping as much as possible\n- falling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room\n- exercising during the day\n\nSleep aids\n\nSome over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as [melatonin](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/232138.php), can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder.\n\nHowever, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include:\n\n- daytime fatigue\n- excessive thirst\n- coordination issues\n\nThe following are some general tips for improving sleep quality:\n\n- increasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime\n- reducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom\n- not exercising before bed\n- replacing old mattresses and pillows\n- minimizing stress\n- creating a relaxing bedtime routine\n- sleeping in a dark, cool room\n- tracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app\n\nSleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two.\n\nSleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems.\n\nPeople who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies.","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Title	Sleeping difficulty: Causes, treatments, and more
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Boilerpipe Text	Sleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early. Low quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to headaches , excessive fatigue , and cognitive impairments. Sleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep. Read on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor. Numerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role. Age is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups. Adults As one 2018 review suggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement ( REM ) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty. A range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults. For example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include: overstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as nicotine or caffeine eating a large meal or snacking late at night not being physically active during the day experiencing psychological stress having exposure to noise disturbances or light Some medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include: sleep apnea chronic pain low back pain headaches and migraine allergies or upper respiratory infections gastrointestinal problems, such as acid reflux , nausea, or vomiting mental health conditions such as anxiety , depression , and chronic stress neurodegenerative conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease Children Age Recommended hours of sleep per day 0–3 months 14–17 hours 4–12 months 12–16 hours (including naps) 1–2 years 11–14 hours (including naps) 3–5 years 10–13 hours (including naps) 6–12 years 9–12 hours 13–18 years 8–10 hours In 2015 , the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights. The CDC also say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of: chronic health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes mental health conditions injuries focus and attention problems behavioral problems poor academic performance The following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children: having irregular sleep patterns using personal electronic devices before bedtime not being physically active during the day consuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime experiencing breathing problems , such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome having a fever , headache, or other illness Pregnant women Some women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant. Changes in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones progesterone and estrogen increase during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep. Sleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include: back or leg pain a frequent need to urinate heartburn or indigestion nausea or vomiting snoring or nasal congestion Sleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications: memory problems difficulty concentrating a weakened immune system increased blood pressure increased risk of heart disease lower sex drive changes in appetite unexpected weight gain loss of balance and coordination The sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions. Insomnia People with insomnia may have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months. The exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include: certain medications chronic pain conditions headaches and migraine hormonal imbalances due to hypothyroidism gastrointestinal problems stress or emotional disturbances major life changes Most cases of chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia. Sleep apnea Sleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen. Some symptoms of sleep apnea include: loud snoring gasping for breath while asleep weak or completely absent respiration A healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include: limiting alcohol intake being physically active losing weight eating a low fat, low sodium diet People with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open. Restless legs syndrome Restless legs syndrome (RLS) occurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night. Some possible causes of RLS include: genetics iron deficiency alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use certain cold medications selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which are a type of antidepressant nerve damage kidney disease There is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following: getting a massage trying foot and leg wraps stretching exercising taking vitamin supplements Delayed sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night. Delayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue. Lack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep. A person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day. People who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options. Lifestyle changes Making the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep: going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime not eating right before going to sleep spending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath minimizing daytime napping as much as possible falling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room exercising during the day Sleep aids Some over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as melatonin , can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder. However, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include: daytime fatigue excessive thirst coordination issues The following are some general tips for improving sleep quality: increasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime reducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom not exercising before bed replacing old mattresses and pillows minimizing stress creating a relaxing bedtime routine sleeping in a dark, cool room tracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app Sleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Sleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems. People who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies.
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[Bezzy Psoriasis](https://www.bezzypsoriasis.com/?utm_source=mnt&utm_medium=nav-bar-connect) ### Follow Us Subscribe # Having trouble sleeping: What to know ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/DebraWeatherspoon.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., MSN]() — Written by [Jamie Eske]() on December 18, 2019 - [Causes](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#causes) - [Types](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#types) - [When to see a doctor](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#when-to-see-a-doctor) - [Treatment](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#treatment) - [Tips for better sleep](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#tips-for-better-sleep) - [Summary](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327339#summary) Sleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early. Low quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to [headaches](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/73936.php "What is causing this headache?"), excessive [fatigue](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248002.php "What causes fatigue, and how can I treat it?"), and cognitive impairments. Sleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep. Read on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor. ## [Causes of sleeping difficulty]() ![A woman looking at her phone and experiencing Sleeping difficulty](https://i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/327/327339/a-woman-looking-at-her-phone-and-experiencing-sleeping-difficulty.jpg?w=1155&h=1297) [Share on Pinterest](https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F327339&media=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fcontent%2Fimages%2Farticles%2F327%2F327339%2Fa-woman-looking-at-her-phone-and-experiencing-sleeping-difficulty.jpg&description=Sleeping%20difficulty%3A%20Causes%2C%20treatments%2C%20and%20more "Share on Pinterest") Lifestyle factors may play a role in sleeping difficulties. Numerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role. Age is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups. ### Adults Adults require [at least 7 hours of sleep per night](https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data_statistics.html). However, many adults have difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep through the night. In fact, up to [50% of older adults](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6) report sleeping difficulties. As one [2018 review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5991956/) suggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement ([REM](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/247927.php "What is REM sleep?")) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty. A range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults. For example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include: - overstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as [nicotine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/240820.php) or [caffeine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/271707.php) - eating a large meal or snacking late at night - not being physically active during the day - experiencing psychological [stress](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855.php "Why stress happens and how to manage it") - having exposure to noise disturbances or light Some medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include: - sleep apnea - chronic pain - low [back pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172943.php "What is causing this pain in my back?") - headaches and [migraine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/148373.php "Everything you need to know about migraines") - allergies or upper respiratory infections - gastrointestinal problems, such as [acid reflux](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/146619.php "What is acid reflux?"), nausea, or vomiting - [mental health](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php "What is mental health?") conditions such as [anxiety](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/anxiety/ "What is Anxiety?"), [depression](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8933.php "What is depression and what can I do about it?"), and chronic stress - neurodegenerative conditions, such as [Parkinson’s disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/parkinsons-disease/ "What is Parkinson's Disease?") and [Alzheimer’s disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/159442.php "What to know about Alzheimer's disease") ### Children The amount of sleep a child needs depends on their age. The [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)](https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/how_much_sleep.html) provide the following sleep recommendations for children of different age groups: \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| Age \| Recommended hours of sleep per day \| \| 0–3 months \| 14–17 hours \| \| 4–12 months \| 12–16 hours (including naps) \| \| 1–2 years \| 11–14 hours (including naps) \| \| 3–5 years \| 10–13 hours (including naps) \| \| 6–12 years \| 9–12 hours \| \| 13–18 years \| 8–10 hours \| In [2015](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e), the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights. The [CDC](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e) also say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of: - chronic health conditions, such as [obesity](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/obesity/how-much-should-i-weigh.php "How Much Should I Weigh?") and [diabetes](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/ "What is Diabetes?") - mental health conditions - injuries - focus and attention problems - behavioral problems - poor academic performance The following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children: - having irregular sleep patterns - using personal electronic devices before bedtime - not being physically active during the day - consuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime - experiencing [breathing problems](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324429.php), such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome - having a [fever](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/168266.php "Fever: What you need to know"), headache, or other illness ### Pregnant women Some women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant. Changes in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones [progesterone](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/277737.php "Progesterone and progestin: How do they work?") and [estrogen](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/277177.php "Everything you need to know about estrogen") increase during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep. Sleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include: - back or [leg pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/241968.php "Types and causes of leg pain") - a frequent need to urinate - [heartburn](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9151.php "Heartburn: Why it happens and what to do") or [indigestion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163484.php "What to know about indigestion or dyspepsia") - nausea or vomiting - snoring or nasal congestion ### Resources for healthy sleep To discover more evidence-based information and resources on the science of healthy sleep, visit [our dedicated hub](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/sleep). ## [Types of sleep disorders]() Sleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications: - memory problems - difficulty concentrating - a [weakened immune system](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324930.php) - increased [blood pressure](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/270644.php "What is a normal blood pressure?") - increased risk of [heart disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191.php "Everything you need to know about heart disease") - [lower sex drive](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324861.php) - changes in appetite - unexpected weight gain - [loss of balance](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325215.php) and coordination The sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions. ### Insomnia People with [insomnia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9155.php "Insomnia: Everything you need to know") may have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months. The exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include: - certain medications - chronic pain conditions - headaches and migraine - hormonal imbalances due to [hypothyroidism](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163729.php "What is hypothyroidism?") - gastrointestinal problems - stress or emotional disturbances - major life changes [Most cases](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/insomnia) of chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia. ### Sleep apnea Sleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen. Some symptoms of sleep apnea include: - loud snoring - gasping for breath while asleep - weak or completely absent respiration A healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include: - limiting alcohol intake - being physically active - losing weight - eating a low fat, low sodium diet People with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open. ### Restless legs syndrome [Restless legs syndrome (RLS)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7882.php) occurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night. Some possible causes of RLS include: - genetics - iron deficiency - alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use - certain cold medications - selective [serotonin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232248.php "What is serotonin and what does it do?") reuptake inhibitors, which are a type of [antidepressant](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248320.php "All about antidepressants") - nerve damage - kidney disease There is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following: - getting a massage - trying foot and leg wraps - stretching - exercising - taking [vitamin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/195878.php "What are vitamins, and how do they work?") supplements ### Delayed sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night. Delayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue. ## [When to see a doctor]() Lack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep. A person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day. ## [Treatment options]() People who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options. ### Lifestyle changes Making the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep: - going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends - avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime - not eating right before going to sleep - spending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath - minimizing daytime napping as much as possible - falling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room - exercising during the day ### Sleep aids Some over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as [melatonin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232138.php), can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder. However, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include: - daytime fatigue - excessive thirst - coordination issues ## [Tips for better sleep]() The following are some general tips for improving sleep quality: - increasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime - reducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom - not exercising before bed - replacing old mattresses and pillows - minimizing stress - creating a relaxing bedtime routine - sleeping in a dark, cool room - tracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app ## [Summary]() Sleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Sleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems. People who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies. - [Restless Leg Syndrome](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/restless-leg-syndrome) - [Anxiety / Stress](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/anxiety) - [Pain / Anesthetics](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/pain) - [Sleep / Sleep Disorders / Insomnia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/categories/sleep) ### How we reviewed this article: Sources Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/process). - Crowley, K. (2011). Sleep and sleep disorders in older adults \[Abstract\]. [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11065-010-9154-6) - Data and statistics: Short sleep duration among US adults. (2017). <https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data_statistics.html> - How much sleep do I need? (2017). <https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about_sleep/how_much_sleep.html> - Insomnia. (n.d.). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/insomnia> - Patel, D., et al. (2018). Insomnia in the elderly: A review. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5991956/> - Restless legs syndrome fact sheet. (2019). <https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/patient-caregiver-education/fact-sheets/restless-legs-syndrome-fact-sheet> - Sleep and sleep disorders. (2018). <https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/index.html> - Wheaton, A. G., et al. (2018). Short sleep duration among middle school and high school students. <https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/DebraWeatherspoon.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., MSN]() — Written by [Jamie Eske]() on December 18, 2019 ## Latest news - [Two days of oatmeal may help reduce 'bad' cholesterol levels, study finds](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/two-days-oatmeal-reduce-ldl-cholesterol-levels-study) - [Is sleep the missing piece in mental health?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/is-sleep-the-missing-piece-in-mental-health) - [Is this why dementia affects more women? How menopause alters the brain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/dementia-menopause-brain-health-gray-matter-memory-loss) - [Low dose aspirin does not reduce cancer risk in older adults, long-term study finds](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/low-dose-aspirin-does-not-reduce-cancer-risk-in-older-adults) - [Can treating rheumatoid arthritis before it sets in help delay its onset?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/pretreatment-rheumatoid-arthritis-onset-delay-4-years) ### Related Coverage - [What to know about side sleeping](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/reviewers) [Sometimes, the side a person sleeps on may affect their health. Find out why, and discover tips for maintaining a comfortable sleeping position.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-side-should-you-sleep-on?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What to know about 5 sleep disorders](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Raj Dasgupta, MD](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/reviewers) [In this article, learn about the causes and symptoms of several sleep disorders, including sleep apnea, insomnia, and parasomnias.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-disorders?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What to know about sleep aids](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325768?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Alan Carter, Pharm.D.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/reviewers) [People who have difficulty falling or staying asleep may wish to try using sleep aids. Various over-the-counter, prescription, and natural sleep aids…](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325768?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325768?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Sleep quality may increase dementia risk: Latest evidence](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext) [Medical News Today looks at three key studies and their key findings that highlight and further confirm the connection between how poor sleep…](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sleep-quality-insomnia-sleep-apnea-increase-dementia-risk-latest-evidence?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Tart cherry juice for sleep: Does it help?](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext) [Research suggests that tart cherry juice may improve sleep duration. Learn how to try it, whether there are any risks, and more sleep tips.](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/tart-cherry-juice-for-sleep?utm_source=ReadNext) © 2026 Healthline Media UK Ltd, London, UK. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. 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Readable Markdown	Sleeping difficulty refers to difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or waking up too early. Low quality sleep and a lack of sleep can both negatively affect a person’s health. Chronic sleep loss can even lead to [headaches](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/73936.php "What is causing this headache?"), excessive [fatigue](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248002.php "What causes fatigue, and how can I treat it?"), and cognitive impairments. Sleeping difficulties may occur due to lifestyle factors, poor sleep hygiene, or the presence of an underlying medical condition. Whatever the cause, there are things a person can do to improve the quality or duration of their sleep. Read on to learn more about sleeping difficulty, including its causes and treatments and when to see a doctor. Numerous factors can contribute to sleeping difficulty. A person’s lifestyle, sleeping habits, and health status may all play a role. Age is also a factor in the amount of sleep a person needs and the quality of sleep they tend to get. The sections below discuss the factors that may lead to sleep loss or sleep difficulty in different age groups. Adults As one [2018 review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5991956/) suggests, middle-aged and older adults spend less time in slow-wave and rapid eye movement ([REM](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/247927.php "What is REM sleep?")) sleep. Slow-wave sleep is important for regeneration, while REM sleep may be important for learning and memory. Spending less time in these stages results in less efficient sleep. This may explain why older adults are more likely to experience sleeping difficulty. A range of lifestyle factors and underlying medical conditions can also contribute to sleeping difficulty in adults. For example, some lifestyle factors that can cause sleeping difficulty include: - overstimulation before bedtime, which could be due to exercising, using electronic devices, or using stimulants such as [nicotine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/240820.php) or [caffeine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/271707.php) - eating a large meal or snacking late at night - not being physically active during the day - experiencing psychological [stress](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855.php "Why stress happens and how to manage it") - having exposure to noise disturbances or light Some medical conditions that can interfere with sleep include: - sleep apnea - chronic pain - low [back pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172943.php "What is causing this pain in my back?") - headaches and [migraine](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/148373.php "Everything you need to know about migraines") - allergies or upper respiratory infections - gastrointestinal problems, such as [acid reflux](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/146619.php "What is acid reflux?"), nausea, or vomiting - [mental health](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php "What is mental health?") conditions such as [anxiety](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/anxiety/ "What is Anxiety?"), [depression](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8933.php "What is depression and what can I do about it?"), and chronic stress - neurodegenerative conditions, such as [Parkinson’s disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/parkinsons-disease/ "What is Parkinson's Disease?") and [Alzheimer’s disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/159442.php "What to know about Alzheimer's disease") Children \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| Age \| Recommended hours of sleep per day \| \| 0–3 months \| 14–17 hours \| \| 4–12 months \| 12–16 hours (including naps) \| \| 1–2 years \| 11–14 hours (including naps) \| \| 3–5 years \| 10–13 hours (including naps) \| \| 6–12 years \| 9–12 hours \| \| 13–18 years \| 8–10 hours \| In [2015](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e), the CDC conducted a survey of sleep duration in children and teenagers. They found that 57.8% of middle school students and 72.7% of high school students did not meet the CDC’s sleep recommendations on school nights. The [CDC](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6703a1.htm?s_cid=mm6703a1_e) also say that children and teenagers who experience a lack of sleep are at increased risk of: - chronic health conditions, such as [obesity](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/obesity/how-much-should-i-weigh.php "How Much Should I Weigh?") and [diabetes](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/ "What is Diabetes?") - mental health conditions - injuries - focus and attention problems - behavioral problems - poor academic performance The following factors can all increase the risk of sleeping difficulty in children: - having irregular sleep patterns - using personal electronic devices before bedtime - not being physically active during the day - consuming too much caffeine or sugar close to bedtime - experiencing [breathing problems](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324429.php), such as sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome - having a [fever](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/168266.php "Fever: What you need to know"), headache, or other illness Pregnant women Some women might experience sleeping difficulties or develop sleep disorders while pregnant. Changes in sleeping habits during pregnancy may occur as a result of hormonal changes. Levels of the hormones [progesterone](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/277737.php "Progesterone and progestin: How do they work?") and [estrogen](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/277177.php "Everything you need to know about estrogen") increase during pregnancy. Progesterone blocks receptors in the brain that stimulate sleep, while higher estrogen levels reduce REM sleep. Sleeping difficulty tends to peak around the second and third trimesters. Causes of sleeping difficulty during the end of a pregnancy include: - back or [leg pain](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/241968.php "Types and causes of leg pain") - a frequent need to urinate - [heartburn](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9151.php "Heartburn: Why it happens and what to do") or [indigestion](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163484.php "What to know about indigestion or dyspepsia") - nausea or vomiting - snoring or nasal congestion Sleep disorders are conditions that affect a person’s quality or duration of sleep. If a person does not seek treatment, sleep disorders can lead to the following health complications: - memory problems - difficulty concentrating - a [weakened immune system](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324930.php) - increased [blood pressure](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/270644.php "What is a normal blood pressure?") - increased risk of [heart disease](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/237191.php "Everything you need to know about heart disease") - [lower sex drive](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324861.php) - changes in appetite - unexpected weight gain - [loss of balance](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325215.php) and coordination The sections below provide more detail on a number of different sleep conditions. Insomnia People with [insomnia](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9155.php "Insomnia: Everything you need to know") may have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Acute insomnia can last for a few days or weeks, while chronic insomnia can last for several months. The exact cause of insomnia varies from person to person. Possible causes may include: - certain medications - chronic pain conditions - headaches and migraine - hormonal imbalances due to [hypothyroidism](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163729.php "What is hypothyroidism?") - gastrointestinal problems - stress or emotional disturbances - major life changes [Most cases](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/insomnia) of chronic insomnia develop due to medications or an underlying health condition. Treating the underlying condition or switching medications may help relieve insomnia. Sleep apnea Sleep apnea is a condition wherein the upper airways become blocked and impede a person’s breathing while they sleep. People with sleep apnea may wake up multiple times in the night due to snoring or a lack of oxygen. Some symptoms of sleep apnea include: - loud snoring - gasping for breath while asleep - weak or completely absent respiration A healthcare professional might recommend making lifestyle changes that will help reduce the severity of sleep apnea symptoms. These changes may include: - limiting alcohol intake - being physically active - losing weight - eating a low fat, low sodium diet People with sleep apnea may also need to use a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device while they sleep. A CPAP device is a machine that works to keep the airways open. Restless legs syndrome [Restless legs syndrome (RLS)](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7882.php) occurs because tingling or aching sensations in the legs create an irresistible urge to move them. The symptoms of RLS tend to start late in the day and peak at night. Some possible causes of RLS include: - genetics - iron deficiency - alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine use - certain cold medications - selective [serotonin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232248.php "What is serotonin and what does it do?") reuptake inhibitors, which are a type of [antidepressant](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248320.php "All about antidepressants") - nerve damage - kidney disease There is currently no cure for RLS. However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medications to help a person manage their symptoms and improve the quality of their sleep. They may also recommend trying the following: - getting a massage - trying foot and leg wraps - stretching - exercising - taking [vitamin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/195878.php "What are vitamins, and how do they work?") supplements Delayed sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder disrupts the body’s natural sleep/wake cycle. People with this condition have a delayed reaction to darkness, which means that they may not fall asleep until very late at night. Delayed sleep onset can completely shift a person’s sleep/wake cycle. As a result, people may have difficulty waking up in the morning, or they may experience daytime fatigue. Lack of sleep can negatively impact a person’s mental and physical health. Some people may experience occasional sleeping problems that resolve on their own. Others may have an undiagnosed or untreated medical condition that is interfering with their sleep. A person should see a healthcare professional if their sleeping difficulty persists, or if it affects how they feel or function throughout the day. People who have difficulty sleeping may benefit from making certain lifestyle changes and using sleep aids. The sections below list some of these potential treatment options. Lifestyle changes Making the following lifestyle changes may help improve a person’s quality of sleep: - going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, including weekends - avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine before bedtime - not eating right before going to sleep - spending some time doing a relaxing bedtime activity, such as reading or taking a bath - minimizing daytime napping as much as possible - falling asleep in a dark, quiet, and cool room - exercising during the day Sleep aids Some over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids, such as [melatonin](https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232138.php), can help promote earlier sleep onset. Prescription sleep aids may be necessary for people who do not respond to OTC products or those with a sleep disorder. However, some OTC and prescription sleep aids can cause side effects. These may include: - daytime fatigue - excessive thirst - coordination issues The following are some general tips for improving sleep quality: - increasing exposure to sunlight or other sources of bright light during the daytime - reducing exposure to electronic devices before bedtime, such as by removing televisions, tablets, and computers from the bedroom - not exercising before bed - replacing old mattresses and pillows - minimizing stress - creating a relaxing bedtime routine - sleeping in a dark, cool room - tracking sleep habits in a notebook or sleep tracking app Sleeping difficulty occurs when a person has trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or a combination of the two. Sleeping difficulty can result from lifestyle factors such as age, lack of exercise, and stress. Improved sleep hygiene may help resolve lifestyle-related sleeping problems. People who suspect that they have a sleep disorder should see a healthcare professional. They may be able to provide prescription medications or recommend other therapies.
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