🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 40 (from laksa147)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa040.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20369911\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20369911\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/diagnosis-treatment\/drc-20369911","crawl_time":1775017173,"first_indexed_time":1512047165,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,mayoclinic!www,\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/diagnosis-treatment\/drc-20369911 s443","src_root_hash":"1608882045018104440","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Back pain - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic","meta_descriptions":["Back pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical help. Home treatment and proper body mechanics often can treat back pain within a few weeks."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Diagnosis\nYour healthcare professional examines your back and assesses your ability to sit, stand, walk and lift your legs. The health professional also might ask you to rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10 and to talk about how your pain affects your daily activities.\nThese assessments help determine where the pain comes from and how much you can move before pain or muscle spasms force you to stop. Exams also can help rule out more-serious causes of back pain.\nOne or more of these tests might help pinpoint the cause of the back pain:\nX-ray.\nThese images show arthritis or broken bones. But the images alone won't find conditions affecting the spinal cord, muscles, nerves or disks.\nMRI\nor\nCT\nscans.\nThese scans generate images that can reveal herniated disks or problems with bones, muscles, tissue, tendons, nerves, ligaments and blood vessels.\nBlood tests.\nThese can help determine whether an infection or other condition might be causing pain.\nNerve studies.\nElectromyography (EMG) measures the electrical impulses produced by the nerves and how the muscles respond to them. This test can confirm pressure on the nerves caused by herniated disks or narrowing of the spinal canal, called spinal stenosis.\nTreatment\nMost back pain gets better within a month using home treatment, especially for people younger than age 60. However, for many, the pain lasts several months.\nPain relievers and the use of heat might be all that's needed. Bed rest isn't recommended.\nContinue your activities as much as you can with back pain. Try light activity, such as walking. Stop activity that increases pain, but don't avoid activity out of fear of pain. If home treatments aren't working after several weeks, your healthcare professional might recommend stronger medicines or other therapies.\nMedicines\nMedicines depend on the type of back pain. They might include:\nPain relievers.\nNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve), might help. Take these medicines only as directed. Overuse can cause serious side effects. If pain relievers you can buy without a prescription don't help, your healthcare professional might suggest prescription\nNSAIDs\n.\nMuscle relaxants.\nIf mild to moderate back pain doesn't improve with pain relievers, a muscle relaxant might help. Muscle relaxants can cause dizziness and sleepiness.\nTopical pain relievers.\nThese products, including creams, salves, ointments and patches, deliver pain-relieving substances through the skin.\nNarcotics.\nMedicines containing opioids, such as oxycodone or hydrocodone, may be used for a short time with close medical supervision.\nAntidepressants.\nSome types of antidepressants, particularly duloxetine (Cymbalta) and tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, have been shown to relieve chronic back pain.\nPhysical therapy\nA physical therapist can teach exercises to increase flexibility, strengthen back and abdominal muscles, and improve posture. Regular use of these techniques can help keep pain from returning. Physical therapists also teach how to modify movements during an episode of back pain to avoid flaring pain symptoms while staying active.\nSurgical and other procedures\nProcedures used to treat back pain may include:\nCortisone shots, also called injections.\nIf other measures don't relieve pain that radiates down the leg, an injection of cortisone plus a numbing medicine might help. A cortisone injection into the space around the spinal cord helps decrease inflammation around the nerve roots, but the pain relief often lasts only a month or two.\nRadiofrequency ablation.\nIn this procedure, a fine needle is inserted through the skin near the area causing the pain. Radio waves are passed through the needle to damage the nearby nerves. Damaging the nerves interferes with pain signals to the brain.\nImplanted nerve stimulators.\nDevices implanted under the skin can deliver electrical impulses to certain nerves to block pain signals.\nSurgery.\nSurgery to create more space within the spine is sometimes helpful for people who have increasing muscle weakness or back pain that goes down a leg. These problems can be related to herniated disks or other conditions that narrow the spaces where nerves pass through the spine.\nMore Information\nAntidepressants: Another tool against chronic pain\nBack surgery: When is it a good idea?\nChronic pain: Medication decisions\nMyofascial release therapy: Can it relieve back pain?\nAcupuncture\nChiropractic adjustment\nDiskectomy\nLaminectomy\nRadiofrequency neurotomy\nSpinal fusion\nUltrasound\nHerniated disk and bone spurs on spine\nRadiofrequency neurotomy\nMore Information\nMayo Clinic Q&A: 8 common myths about back pain\nFrom Mayo Clinic to your inbox\nSign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health.\nClick here for an email preview.\nEmail\nWe use the data you provide to deliver you the content you requested. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, we may combine your email and website data with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, we will only use your protected health information as outlined in our\nNotice of Privacy Practices\n. You may opt out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the email.\nClinical trials\nExplore Mayo Clinic studies\ntesting new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition.\nAlternative medicine\nA number of alternative treatments might ease back pain. Always discuss the benefits and risks with your healthcare professional before starting a new alternative therapy.\nAlternative treatments may include:\nAcupuncture.\nA practitioner of acupuncture inserts thin sterilized needles into the skin at specific points on the body. A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that acupuncture can be helpful in treating back pain.\nChiropractic care.\nA chiropractor manipulates the spine to ease pain.\nMassage.\nFor back pain caused by tense or overworked muscles, massage might help.\nTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, also known as TENS.\nA battery-powered device placed on the skin delivers electrical impulses to the painful area. Studies have shown mixed results on whether\nTENS\nworks to treat back pain.\nYoga.\nThere are several types of yoga, a broad discipline that involves practicing specific postures or poses, breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques. Yoga can stretch and strengthen muscles and improve posture. People with back pain might need to adjust some poses if they make symptoms worse.\nPreparing for your appointment\nIf your back pain persists despite home treatment, see your healthcare professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.\nWhat you can do\nMake a list of:\nKey personal information,\nincluding mental or emotional stressors in your life.\nYour symptoms,\nand when they began.\nAll medicines, vitamins and other supplements\nyou take, including doses.\nQuestions to ask\nyour provider.\nTake a family member or friend along, if possible, to help you remember the information you receive.\nFor back pain, questions to ask your healthcare professional include:\nWhat is the most likely cause of my back pain?\nDo I need tests?\nWhat treatment approach do you recommend?\nIf you're recommending medicines, what are the possible side effects?\nI have other medical conditions. How can I best manage them together?\nHow long will I need treatment?\nWhat self-care measures should I try?\nWhat can I do to prevent back pain from coming back?\nWhat to expect from your doctor\nYour healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, including:\nHave you ever injured your back?\nIs the pain constant?\nDoes the pain affect your ability to function? How?\nDo you have other symptoms besides back pain?\nDo you do heavy physical work?\nDo you exercise regularly? What types of activities do you do?\nHow often do you feel depressed or anxious?\nDo you sleep well?\nWhat treatments or self-care measures have you tried so far? Has anything helped?\nSept. 26, 2024","attrs_markdown":null,"attrs_readable_markdown":"## Diagnosis\nYour healthcare professional examines your back and assesses your ability to sit, stand, walk and lift your legs. The health professional also might ask you to rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10 and to talk about how your pain affects your daily activities.\n\nThese assessments help determine where the pain comes from and how much you can move before pain or muscle spasms force you to stop. Exams also can help rule out more-serious causes of back pain.\n\nOne or more of these tests might help pinpoint the cause of the back pain:\n\n- **X-ray.** These images show arthritis or broken bones. But the images alone won't find conditions affecting the spinal cord, muscles, nerves or disks.\n- **MRI or CT scans.** These scans generate images that can reveal herniated disks or problems with bones, muscles, tissue, tendons, nerves, ligaments and blood vessels.\n- **Blood tests.** These can help determine whether an infection or other condition might be causing pain.\n- **Nerve studies.** Electromyography (EMG) measures the electrical impulses produced by the nerves and how the muscles respond to them. This test can confirm pressure on the nerves caused by herniated disks or narrowing of the spinal canal, called spinal stenosis.\n## Treatment\nMost back pain gets better within a month using home treatment, especially for people younger than age 60. However, for many, the pain lasts several months.\n\nPain relievers and the use of heat might be all that's needed. Bed rest isn't recommended.\n\nContinue your activities as much as you can with back pain. Try light activity, such as walking. Stop activity that increases pain, but don't avoid activity out of fear of pain. If home treatments aren't working after several weeks, your healthcare professional might recommend stronger medicines or other therapies.\n\n### Medicines\nMedicines depend on the type of back pain. They might include:\n\n- **Pain relievers.** Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve), might help. Take these medicines only as directed. Overuse can cause serious side effects. If pain relievers you can buy without a prescription don't help, your healthcare professional might suggest prescription\n  NSAIDs\n  .\n- **Muscle relaxants.** If mild to moderate back pain doesn't improve with pain relievers, a muscle relaxant might help. Muscle relaxants can cause dizziness and sleepiness.\n- **Topical pain relievers.** These products, including creams, salves, ointments and patches, deliver pain-relieving substances through the skin.\n- **Narcotics.** Medicines containing opioids, such as oxycodone or hydrocodone, may be used for a short time with close medical supervision.\n- **Antidepressants.** Some types of antidepressants, particularly duloxetine (Cymbalta) and tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, have been shown to relieve chronic back pain.\n### Physical therapy\nA physical therapist can teach exercises to increase flexibility, strengthen back and abdominal muscles, and improve posture. Regular use of these techniques can help keep pain from returning. Physical therapists also teach how to modify movements during an episode of back pain to avoid flaring pain symptoms while staying active.\n\n### Surgical and other procedures\nProcedures used to treat back pain may include:\n\n- **Cortisone shots, also called injections.** If other measures don't relieve pain that radiates down the leg, an injection of cortisone plus a numbing medicine might help. A cortisone injection into the space around the spinal cord helps decrease inflammation around the nerve roots, but the pain relief often lasts only a month or two.\n- **Radiofrequency ablation.** In this procedure, a fine needle is inserted through the skin near the area causing the pain. Radio waves are passed through the needle to damage the nearby nerves. Damaging the nerves interferes with pain signals to the brain.\n- **Implanted nerve stimulators.** Devices implanted under the skin can deliver electrical impulses to certain nerves to block pain signals.\n- **Surgery.** Surgery to create more space within the spine is sometimes helpful for people who have increasing muscle weakness or back pain that goes down a leg. These problems can be related to herniated disks or other conditions that narrow the spaces where nerves pass through the spine.\n\n### More Information\n- [Antidepressants: Another tool against chronic pain](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/in-depth\/pain-medications\/art-20045647)\n- [Back surgery: When is it a good idea?](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/in-depth\/back-surgery\/art-20048274)\n- [Chronic pain: Medication decisions](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/in-depth\/chronic-pain-medication-decisions\/art-20360371)\n- [Myofascial release therapy: Can it relieve back pain?](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/expert-answers\/myofascial-release\/faq-20058136)\n- [Acupuncture](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/acupuncture\/about\/pac-20392763)\n- [Chiropractic adjustment](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/chiropractic-adjustment\/about\/pac-20393513)\n- [Diskectomy](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/diskectomy\/about\/pac-20393837)\n- [Laminectomy](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/laminectomy\/about\/pac-20394533)\n- [Radiofrequency neurotomy](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/radiofrequency-neurotomy\/about\/pac-20394931)\n- [Spinal fusion](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/spinal-fusion\/about\/pac-20384523)\n- [Ultrasound](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/ultrasound\/about\/pac-20395177)\n- [Herniated disk and bone spurs on spine](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/multimedia\/img-20538166)\n- [Radiofrequency neurotomy](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/back-pain\/multimedia\/radiofrequency-neurotomy\/img-20005927)\n### More Information\n- [Mayo Clinic Q\\&A: 8 common myths about back pain](https:\/\/newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org\/?p=403643)\n\n## From Mayo Clinic to your inbox\nSign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. [Click here for an email preview.](https:\/\/links.e.response.mayoclinic.org\/EmailPreview-GeneralHealth)\n\nEmail\n\nWe use the data you provide to deliver you the content you requested. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, we may combine your email and website data with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, we will only use your protected health information as outlined in our [Notice of Privacy Practices](https:\/\/mcforms.mayo.edu\/mc5200-mc5299\/mc5256-01.pdf). You may opt out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the email.\n## Clinical trials\n[Explore Mayo Clinic studies](https:\/\/www.mayo.edu\/research\/clinical-trials\/search-results?studySiteStatusesGrouped=Open\/Status%20Unknown&pocId=CON-20369890) testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition.\n\n## Alternative medicine\nA number of alternative treatments might ease back pain. Always discuss the benefits and risks with your healthcare professional before starting a new alternative therapy. Alternative treatments may include:\n\n- **Acupuncture.** A practitioner of acupuncture inserts thin sterilized needles into the skin at specific points on the body. A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that acupuncture can be helpful in treating back pain.\n- **Chiropractic care.** A chiropractor manipulates the spine to ease pain.\n- **Massage.** For back pain caused by tense or overworked muscles, massage might help.\n- **Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, also known as TENS.** A battery-powered device placed on the skin delivers electrical impulses to the painful area. Studies have shown mixed results on whether\n  TENS\n  works to treat back pain.\n- **Yoga.** There are several types of yoga, a broad discipline that involves practicing specific postures or poses, breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques. Yoga can stretch and strengthen muscles and improve posture. People with back pain might need to adjust some poses if they make symptoms worse.\n## Preparing for your appointment\nIf your back pain persists despite home treatment, see your healthcare professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.\n\n### What you can do\nMake a list of:\n\n- **Key personal information,** including mental or emotional stressors in your life.\n- **Your symptoms,** and when they began.\n- **All medicines, vitamins and other supplements** you take, including doses.\n- **Questions to ask** your provider.\n\nTake a family member or friend along, if possible, to help you remember the information you receive.\n\nFor back pain, questions to ask your healthcare professional include:\n\n- What is the most likely cause of my back pain?\n- Do I need tests?\n- What treatment approach do you recommend?\n- If you're recommending medicines, what are the possible side effects?\n- I have other medical conditions. How can I best manage them together?\n- How long will I need treatment?\n- What self-care measures should I try?\n- What can I do to prevent back pain from coming back?\n### What to expect from your doctor\nYour healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, including:\n\n- Have you ever injured your back?\n- Is the pain constant?\n- Does the pain affect your ability to function? How?\n- Do you have other symptoms besides back pain?\n- Do you do heavy physical work?\n- Do you exercise regularly? What types of activities do you do?\n- How often do you feel depressed or anxious?\n- Do you sleep well?\n- What treatments or self-care measures have you tried so far? Has anything helped?\n\nSept. 26, 2024","meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

13 days ago

🤖

ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.4 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20369911
Last Crawled	2026-04-01 04:19:33 (13 days ago)
First Indexed	2017-11-30 13:06:05 (8 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Back pain - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
Meta Description	Back pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical help. Home treatment and proper body mechanics often can treat back pain within a few weeks.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Diagnosis Your healthcare professional examines your back and assesses your ability to sit, stand, walk and lift your legs. The health professional also might ask you to rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10 and to talk about how your pain affects your daily activities. These assessments help determine where the pain comes from and how much you can move before pain or muscle spasms force you to stop. Exams also can help rule out more-serious causes of back pain. One or more of these tests might help pinpoint the cause of the back pain: X-ray. These images show arthritis or broken bones. But the images alone won't find conditions affecting the spinal cord, muscles, nerves or disks. MRI or CT scans. These scans generate images that can reveal herniated disks or problems with bones, muscles, tissue, tendons, nerves, ligaments and blood vessels. Blood tests. These can help determine whether an infection or other condition might be causing pain. Nerve studies. Electromyography (EMG) measures the electrical impulses produced by the nerves and how the muscles respond to them. This test can confirm pressure on the nerves caused by herniated disks or narrowing of the spinal canal, called spinal stenosis. Treatment Most back pain gets better within a month using home treatment, especially for people younger than age 60. However, for many, the pain lasts several months. Pain relievers and the use of heat might be all that's needed. Bed rest isn't recommended. Continue your activities as much as you can with back pain. Try light activity, such as walking. Stop activity that increases pain, but don't avoid activity out of fear of pain. If home treatments aren't working after several weeks, your healthcare professional might recommend stronger medicines or other therapies. Medicines Medicines depend on the type of back pain. They might include: Pain relievers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve), might help. Take these medicines only as directed. Overuse can cause serious side effects. If pain relievers you can buy without a prescription don't help, your healthcare professional might suggest prescription NSAIDs . Muscle relaxants. If mild to moderate back pain doesn't improve with pain relievers, a muscle relaxant might help. Muscle relaxants can cause dizziness and sleepiness. Topical pain relievers. These products, including creams, salves, ointments and patches, deliver pain-relieving substances through the skin. Narcotics. Medicines containing opioids, such as oxycodone or hydrocodone, may be used for a short time with close medical supervision. Antidepressants. Some types of antidepressants, particularly duloxetine (Cymbalta) and tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, have been shown to relieve chronic back pain. Physical therapy A physical therapist can teach exercises to increase flexibility, strengthen back and abdominal muscles, and improve posture. Regular use of these techniques can help keep pain from returning. Physical therapists also teach how to modify movements during an episode of back pain to avoid flaring pain symptoms while staying active. Surgical and other procedures Procedures used to treat back pain may include: Cortisone shots, also called injections. If other measures don't relieve pain that radiates down the leg, an injection of cortisone plus a numbing medicine might help. A cortisone injection into the space around the spinal cord helps decrease inflammation around the nerve roots, but the pain relief often lasts only a month or two. Radiofrequency ablation. In this procedure, a fine needle is inserted through the skin near the area causing the pain. Radio waves are passed through the needle to damage the nearby nerves. Damaging the nerves interferes with pain signals to the brain. Implanted nerve stimulators. Devices implanted under the skin can deliver electrical impulses to certain nerves to block pain signals. Surgery. Surgery to create more space within the spine is sometimes helpful for people who have increasing muscle weakness or back pain that goes down a leg. These problems can be related to herniated disks or other conditions that narrow the spaces where nerves pass through the spine. More Information Antidepressants: Another tool against chronic pain Back surgery: When is it a good idea? Chronic pain: Medication decisions Myofascial release therapy: Can it relieve back pain? Acupuncture Chiropractic adjustment Diskectomy Laminectomy Radiofrequency neurotomy Spinal fusion Ultrasound Herniated disk and bone spurs on spine Radiofrequency neurotomy More Information Mayo Clinic Q&A: 8 common myths about back pain From Mayo Clinic to your inbox Sign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. Click here for an email preview. Email We use the data you provide to deliver you the content you requested. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, we may combine your email and website data with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, we will only use your protected health information as outlined in our Notice of Privacy Practices . You may opt out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the email. Clinical trials Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition. Alternative medicine A number of alternative treatments might ease back pain. Always discuss the benefits and risks with your healthcare professional before starting a new alternative therapy. Alternative treatments may include: Acupuncture. A practitioner of acupuncture inserts thin sterilized needles into the skin at specific points on the body. A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that acupuncture can be helpful in treating back pain. Chiropractic care. A chiropractor manipulates the spine to ease pain. Massage. For back pain caused by tense or overworked muscles, massage might help. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, also known as TENS. A battery-powered device placed on the skin delivers electrical impulses to the painful area. Studies have shown mixed results on whether TENS works to treat back pain. Yoga. There are several types of yoga, a broad discipline that involves practicing specific postures or poses, breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques. Yoga can stretch and strengthen muscles and improve posture. People with back pain might need to adjust some poses if they make symptoms worse. Preparing for your appointment If your back pain persists despite home treatment, see your healthcare professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can do Make a list of: Key personal information, including mental or emotional stressors in your life. Your symptoms, and when they began. All medicines, vitamins and other supplements you take, including doses. Questions to ask your provider. Take a family member or friend along, if possible, to help you remember the information you receive. For back pain, questions to ask your healthcare professional include: What is the most likely cause of my back pain? Do I need tests? What treatment approach do you recommend? If you're recommending medicines, what are the possible side effects? I have other medical conditions. How can I best manage them together? How long will I need treatment? What self-care measures should I try? What can I do to prevent back pain from coming back? What to expect from your doctor Your healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, including: Have you ever injured your back? Is the pain constant? Does the pain affect your ability to function? How? Do you have other symptoms besides back pain? Do you do heavy physical work? Do you exercise regularly? What types of activities do you do? How often do you feel depressed or anxious? Do you sleep well? What treatments or self-care measures have you tried so far? Has anything helped? Sept. 26, 2024
Markdown	null
Readable Markdown	## Diagnosis Your healthcare professional examines your back and assesses your ability to sit, stand, walk and lift your legs. The health professional also might ask you to rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10 and to talk about how your pain affects your daily activities. These assessments help determine where the pain comes from and how much you can move before pain or muscle spasms force you to stop. Exams also can help rule out more-serious causes of back pain. One or more of these tests might help pinpoint the cause of the back pain: - X-ray. These images show arthritis or broken bones. But the images alone won't find conditions affecting the spinal cord, muscles, nerves or disks. - MRI or CT scans. These scans generate images that can reveal herniated disks or problems with bones, muscles, tissue, tendons, nerves, ligaments and blood vessels. - Blood tests. These can help determine whether an infection or other condition might be causing pain. - Nerve studies. Electromyography (EMG) measures the electrical impulses produced by the nerves and how the muscles respond to them. This test can confirm pressure on the nerves caused by herniated disks or narrowing of the spinal canal, called spinal stenosis. ## Treatment Most back pain gets better within a month using home treatment, especially for people younger than age 60. However, for many, the pain lasts several months. Pain relievers and the use of heat might be all that's needed. Bed rest isn't recommended. Continue your activities as much as you can with back pain. Try light activity, such as walking. Stop activity that increases pain, but don't avoid activity out of fear of pain. If home treatments aren't working after several weeks, your healthcare professional might recommend stronger medicines or other therapies. ### Medicines Medicines depend on the type of back pain. They might include: - Pain relievers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve), might help. Take these medicines only as directed. Overuse can cause serious side effects. If pain relievers you can buy without a prescription don't help, your healthcare professional might suggest prescription NSAIDs . - Muscle relaxants. If mild to moderate back pain doesn't improve with pain relievers, a muscle relaxant might help. Muscle relaxants can cause dizziness and sleepiness. - Topical pain relievers. These products, including creams, salves, ointments and patches, deliver pain-relieving substances through the skin. - Narcotics. Medicines containing opioids, such as oxycodone or hydrocodone, may be used for a short time with close medical supervision. - Antidepressants. Some types of antidepressants, particularly duloxetine (Cymbalta) and tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, have been shown to relieve chronic back pain. ### Physical therapy A physical therapist can teach exercises to increase flexibility, strengthen back and abdominal muscles, and improve posture. Regular use of these techniques can help keep pain from returning. Physical therapists also teach how to modify movements during an episode of back pain to avoid flaring pain symptoms while staying active. ### Surgical and other procedures Procedures used to treat back pain may include: - Cortisone shots, also called injections. If other measures don't relieve pain that radiates down the leg, an injection of cortisone plus a numbing medicine might help. A cortisone injection into the space around the spinal cord helps decrease inflammation around the nerve roots, but the pain relief often lasts only a month or two. - Radiofrequency ablation. In this procedure, a fine needle is inserted through the skin near the area causing the pain. Radio waves are passed through the needle to damage the nearby nerves. Damaging the nerves interferes with pain signals to the brain. - Implanted nerve stimulators. Devices implanted under the skin can deliver electrical impulses to certain nerves to block pain signals. - Surgery. Surgery to create more space within the spine is sometimes helpful for people who have increasing muscle weakness or back pain that goes down a leg. These problems can be related to herniated disks or other conditions that narrow the spaces where nerves pass through the spine. ### More Information - [Antidepressants: Another tool against chronic pain](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/in-depth/pain-medications/art-20045647) - [Back surgery: When is it a good idea?](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/in-depth/back-surgery/art-20048274) - [Chronic pain: Medication decisions](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/in-depth/chronic-pain-medication-decisions/art-20360371) - [Myofascial release therapy: Can it relieve back pain?](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/expert-answers/myofascial-release/faq-20058136) - [Acupuncture](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/about/pac-20392763) - [Chiropractic adjustment](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/chiropractic-adjustment/about/pac-20393513) - [Diskectomy](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/diskectomy/about/pac-20393837) - [Laminectomy](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/laminectomy/about/pac-20394533) - [Radiofrequency neurotomy](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/radiofrequency-neurotomy/about/pac-20394931) - [Spinal fusion](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/spinal-fusion/about/pac-20384523) - [Ultrasound](https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ultrasound/about/pac-20395177) - [Herniated disk and bone spurs on spine](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/multimedia/img-20538166) - [Radiofrequency neurotomy](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/back-pain/multimedia/radiofrequency-neurotomy/img-20005927) ### More Information - [Mayo Clinic Q\&A: 8 common myths about back pain](https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/?p=403643) ## From Mayo Clinic to your inbox Sign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. [Click here for an email preview.](https://links.e.response.mayoclinic.org/EmailPreview-GeneralHealth) Email We use the data you provide to deliver you the content you requested. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, we may combine your email and website data with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, we will only use your protected health information as outlined in our [Notice of Privacy Practices](https://mcforms.mayo.edu/mc5200-mc5299/mc5256-01.pdf). You may opt out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the email. ## Clinical trials [Explore Mayo Clinic studies](https://www.mayo.edu/research/clinical-trials/search-results?studySiteStatusesGrouped=Open/Status%20Unknown&pocId=CON-20369890) testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition. ## Alternative medicine A number of alternative treatments might ease back pain. Always discuss the benefits and risks with your healthcare professional before starting a new alternative therapy. Alternative treatments may include: - Acupuncture. A practitioner of acupuncture inserts thin sterilized needles into the skin at specific points on the body. A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that acupuncture can be helpful in treating back pain. - Chiropractic care. A chiropractor manipulates the spine to ease pain. - Massage. For back pain caused by tense or overworked muscles, massage might help. - Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, also known as TENS. A battery-powered device placed on the skin delivers electrical impulses to the painful area. Studies have shown mixed results on whether TENS works to treat back pain. - Yoga. There are several types of yoga, a broad discipline that involves practicing specific postures or poses, breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques. Yoga can stretch and strengthen muscles and improve posture. People with back pain might need to adjust some poses if they make symptoms worse. ## Preparing for your appointment If your back pain persists despite home treatment, see your healthcare professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. ### What you can do Make a list of: - Key personal information, including mental or emotional stressors in your life. - Your symptoms, and when they began. - All medicines, vitamins and other supplements you take, including doses. - Questions to ask your provider. Take a family member or friend along, if possible, to help you remember the information you receive. For back pain, questions to ask your healthcare professional include: - What is the most likely cause of my back pain? - Do I need tests? - What treatment approach do you recommend? - If you're recommending medicines, what are the possible side effects? - I have other medical conditions. How can I best manage them together? - How long will I need treatment? - What self-care measures should I try? - What can I do to prevent back pain from coming back? ### What to expect from your doctor Your healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, including: - Have you ever injured your back? - Is the pain constant? - Does the pain affect your ability to function? How? - Do you have other symptoms besides back pain? - Do you do heavy physical work? - Do you exercise regularly? What types of activities do you do? - How often do you feel depressed or anxious? - Do you sleep well? - What treatments or self-care measures have you tried so far? Has anything helped? Sept. 26, 2024
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