🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 181 (from laksa118)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa181.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment","crawl_time":1775297101,"first_indexed_time":1426421590,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"edu,cornell!law,www,\/wex\/employment s443","src_root_hash":"14620342054419313781","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"employment | Wex | US Law | LII \/ Legal Information Institute","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Employment is the condition of \nlabor\nprovided by an \nemployee\nin exchange for payment by an \nemployer\n. Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer\/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state \nstatutes\n, \nadministrative regulations\n, and \njudicial decisions\n. Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor \nlegislation\nintended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like \nemployment discrimination\nor \nOSHA\nregulations. Other employment laws act as \npublic benefits\n, such as \nunemployment compensation\n. Additionally, post-employment \nretirement benefits\n, like \npensions\n, are regulated by employment legislation.\nFederal Statutes\n29 U.S. Code - Labor.\nChapters pertinent to employment:\nChapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards\nChapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment\nChapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health\nChapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services\nChapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA)\nChapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection\nChapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection\nChapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities\nChapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave\n42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare.\nChapters pertinent to employment:\nChapter 21. The Civil Rights Act\n§§ 2000e - 2000e-17\n- Equal Employment Opportunity\n§§ 1981\n, \n1981A\n, \n1983\n, & \n1988\n- Employment Discrimination\nChapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities\n[Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the \nWex Definitions Team\n]\nKeywords\nemployment law\nlabor law\nUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS\nPENSIONS\nPension Plans\nWex\nLIFE EVENTS\nemployment\nemployee benefits\nlabor law\nwex articles\nemployment law","attrs_markdown":"Please help us improve our site\\!\n\n×\n\n[No thank you](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment)\n\n[Skip to main content](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment#content)\n\n[![Cornell University insignia](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/sites\/all\/themes\/liizenboot\/images\/insignia.gif)](https:\/\/www.cornell.edu\/ \"Cornell University\")  [Cornell Law School](https:\/\/www.lawschool.cornell.edu\/ \"Cornell Law School\") [Search Cornell](https:\/\/www.cornell.edu\/search\/ \"Search Cornell University\")\n\nToggle navigation\n\nPlease help us improve our site\\!\n\n[Support Us\\!](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/donate)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment)\n\n- [About LII](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/about_lii)\n  - [Who We Are](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/who_we_are)\n  - [What We Do](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/what_we_do)\n  - [Who Pays For This](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/who_pays_for_this)\n  - [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/contact_us)\n- [Get the law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/get_the_law)\n  - [Constitution](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/constitution \"U.S. Constitution\")\n  - [Supreme Court](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/supremecourt\/text\/home \"Supreme Court\")\n  - [U.S. Code](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text \"U.S. Code\")\n  - [CFR](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/cfr\/text \"C.F.R.\")\n  - [Federal Rules](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules \"Federal Rules\")\n    - [Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules\/frap)\n    - [Federal Rules of Civil Procedure](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules\/frcp)\n    - [Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules\/frcrmp)\n    - [Federal Rules of Evidence](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules\/fre)\n    - [Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/rules\/frbp)\n  - [U.C.C.](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/ucc \"U.C.C.\")\n  - [Law by jurisdiction](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment \"Law by jurisdiction\")\n    - [State law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/states)\n    - [Uniform laws](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uniform)\n    - [Federal law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/federal)\n    - [World law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/world)\n- [Lawyer directory](https:\/\/lawyers.law.cornell.edu\/)\n- [Legal encyclopedia](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex)\n  - [Business law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/business_law)\n  - [Constitutional law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/constitutional_law)\n  - [Criminal law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/criminal_law_and_procedure)\n  - [Family law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/family_law)\n  - [Employment law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employment_law)\n  - [Money and Finances](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/money_and_financial_problems)\n  - [More...](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/wex_articles)\n- [Help out](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out)\n  - [Give](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/donate)\n  - [Sponsor](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/sponsor)\n  - [Advertise](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/advertise)\n  - [Create](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/create)\n  - [Promote](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/promote)\n  - [Join Lawyer Directory](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/join_directory)\n\n1. [LII](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/)\n2. [Wex](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex)\n3. employment\n\n# employment\nEmployment is the condition of [labor](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/labor) provided by an [employee](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employee) in exchange for payment by an [employer](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employer). Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer\/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state [statutes](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/statute), [administrative regulations](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/administrative_law), and [judicial decisions](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/judiciary). Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor [legislation](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/legislation) intended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like [employment discrimination](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment_discrimination) or [OSHA](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/occupational_safety_and_health_act_\\(osha\\)) regulations. Other employment laws act as [public benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/public_benefits), such as [unemployment compensation](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/unemployment_compensation). Additionally, post-employment [retirement benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/retirement_benefits), like [pensions](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/pension), are regulated by employment legislation.\n\n#### **Federal Statutes**\n- [29 U.S. Code - Labor.](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29) Chapters pertinent to employment:\n  - [Chapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-8)\n  - [Chapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-14)\n  - [Chapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-15)\n  - [Chapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-16)\n  - [Chapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA)](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-18)\n  - [Chapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-20)\n  - [Chapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-22)\n  - [Chapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-24)\n  - [Chapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-28)\n- [42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare.](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42) Chapters pertinent to employment:\n  - [Chapter 21. The Civil Rights Act](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-21)\n    - [§§ 2000e - 2000e-17](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-21\/subchapter-VI) - Equal Employment Opportunity\n    - [§§ 1981](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1981), [1981A](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1981a), [1983](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1983), & [1988](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex-cgi\/wexlink?wexns=USC&wexname=42:1988) - Employment Discrimination\n- [Chapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-126)\n\n\\[Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the [Wex Definitions Team](https:\/\/about.law.cornell.edu\/project\/wex-definitions\/)\\]\n\n**Keywords**\n\n- [employment law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/employment_law)\n- [labor law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/labor_law)\n- [UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/unemployment_benefits)\n- [PENSIONS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/pensions)\n- [Pension Plans](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/pension_plans)\n\n**Wex**\n\n- [LIFE EVENTS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/life-events)\n- [employment](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employment)\n- [employee benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employee-benefits)\n- [labor law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/labor-law)\n- [wex articles](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/wex-articles)\n- [employment law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employment-law)\n\n## Wex Toolbox\n***\n***\n\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/accessibility)\n- [About LII](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/about_lii)\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/about\/contact_us)\n- [Advertise here](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help_out\/sponsor)\n- [Help](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/help)\n- [Terms of use](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/terms\/documentation)\n- [Privacy](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/lii\/terms\/privacy_policy)\n\n- [![LII logo](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/sites\/all\/themes\/liizenboot\/images\/LII_logo_footer.gif)](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/ \"LII home page\")","attrs_readable_markdown":"Employment is the condition of [labor](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/labor) provided by an [employee](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employee) in exchange for payment by an [employer](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employer). Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer\/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state [statutes](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/statute), [administrative regulations](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/administrative_law), and [judicial decisions](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/judiciary). Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor [legislation](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/legislation) intended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like [employment discrimination](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/employment_discrimination) or [OSHA](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/occupational_safety_and_health_act_\\(osha\\)) regulations. Other employment laws act as [public benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/public_benefits), such as [unemployment compensation](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/unemployment_compensation). Additionally, post-employment [retirement benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/retirement_benefits), like [pensions](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/pension), are regulated by employment legislation.\n\n#### **Federal Statutes**\n- [29 U.S. Code - Labor.](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29) Chapters pertinent to employment:\n  - [Chapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-8)\n  - [Chapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-14)\n  - [Chapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-15)\n  - [Chapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-16)\n  - [Chapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA)](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-18)\n  - [Chapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-20)\n  - [Chapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-22)\n  - [Chapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-24)\n  - [Chapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/29\/chapter-28)\n- [42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare.](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42) Chapters pertinent to employment:\n  - [Chapter 21. The Civil Rights Act](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-21)\n    - [§§ 2000e - 2000e-17](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-21\/subchapter-VI) - Equal Employment Opportunity\n    - [§§ 1981](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1981), [1981A](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1981a), [1983](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1983), & [1988](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex-cgi\/wexlink?wexns=USC&wexname=42:1988) - Employment Discrimination\n- [Chapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/chapter-126)\n\n\\[Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the [Wex Definitions Team](https:\/\/about.law.cornell.edu\/project\/wex-definitions\/)\\]\n\n**Keywords**\n\n- [employment law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/employment_law)\n- [labor law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/labor_law)\n- [UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/unemployment_benefits)\n- [PENSIONS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/pensions)\n- [Pension Plans](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/category\/keywords\/pension_plans)\n\n**Wex**\n\n- [LIFE EVENTS](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/life-events)\n- [employment](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employment)\n- [employee benefits](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employee-benefits)\n- [labor law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/labor-law)\n- [wex articles](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/wex-articles)\n- [employment law](https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/category\/employment-law)","meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

5 days ago

🤖

ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.2 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment
Last Crawled	2026-04-04 10:05:01 (5 days ago)
First Indexed	2015-03-15 12:13:10 (11 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	employment \| Wex \| US Law \| LII / Legal Information Institute
Meta Description	null
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Employment is the condition of labor provided by an employee in exchange for payment by an employer . Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state statutes , administrative regulations , and judicial decisions . Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor legislation intended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like employment discrimination or OSHA regulations. Other employment laws act as public benefits , such as unemployment compensation . Additionally, post-employment retirement benefits , like pensions , are regulated by employment legislation. Federal Statutes 29 U.S. Code - Labor. Chapters pertinent to employment: Chapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards Chapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment Chapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health Chapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services Chapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA) Chapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Chapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection Chapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities Chapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave 42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare. Chapters pertinent to employment: Chapter 21. The Civil Rights Act §§ 2000e - 2000e-17 - Equal Employment Opportunity §§ 1981 , 1981A , 1983 , & 1988 - Employment Discrimination Chapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities [Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the Wex Definitions Team ] Keywords employment law labor law UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS PENSIONS Pension Plans Wex LIFE EVENTS employment employee benefits labor law wex articles employment law
Markdown	Please help us improve our site\! × [No thank you](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment) [Skip to main content](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment#content) [![Cornell University insignia](https://www.law.cornell.edu/sites/all/themes/liizenboot/images/insignia.gif)](https://www.cornell.edu/ "Cornell University") [Cornell Law School](https://www.lawschool.cornell.edu/ "Cornell Law School") [Search Cornell](https://www.cornell.edu/search/ "Search Cornell University") Toggle navigation Please help us improve our site\! [Support Us\!](https://www.law.cornell.edu/donate) [Search](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment) - [About LII](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/about_lii) - [Who We Are](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/who_we_are) - [What We Do](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/what_we_do) - [Who Pays For This](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/who_pays_for_this) - [Contact Us](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/contact_us) - [Get the law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/get_the_law) - [Constitution](https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution "U.S. Constitution") - [Supreme Court](https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/home "Supreme Court") - [U.S. Code](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text "U.S. Code") - [CFR](https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text "C.F.R.") - [Federal Rules](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules "Federal Rules") - [Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frap) - [Federal Rules of Civil Procedure](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcp) - [Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcrmp) - [Federal Rules of Evidence](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/fre) - [Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure](https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frbp) - [U.C.C.](https://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc "U.C.C.") - [Law by jurisdiction](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment "Law by jurisdiction") - [State law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/states) - [Uniform laws](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uniform) - [Federal law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/federal) - [World law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/world) - [Lawyer directory](https://lawyers.law.cornell.edu/) - [Legal encyclopedia](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex) - [Business law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/business_law) - [Constitutional law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/constitutional_law) - [Criminal law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/criminal_law_and_procedure) - [Family law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/family_law) - [Employment law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employment_law) - [Money and Finances](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/money_and_financial_problems) - [More...](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/wex_articles) - [Help out](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out) - [Give](https://www.law.cornell.edu/donate) - [Sponsor](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/sponsor) - [Advertise](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/advertise) - [Create](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/create) - [Promote](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/promote) - [Join Lawyer Directory](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/join_directory) 1. [LII](https://www.law.cornell.edu/) 2. [Wex](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex) 3. employment # employment Employment is the condition of [labor](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/labor) provided by an [employee](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employee) in exchange for payment by an [employer](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employer). Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state [statutes](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/statute), [administrative regulations](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/administrative_law), and [judicial decisions](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/judiciary). Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor [legislation](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/legislation) intended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like [employment discrimination](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment_discrimination) or [OSHA](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/occupational_safety_and_health_act_\(osha\)) regulations. Other employment laws act as [public benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/public_benefits), such as [unemployment compensation](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/unemployment_compensation). Additionally, post-employment [retirement benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/retirement_benefits), like [pensions](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pension), are regulated by employment legislation. #### Federal Statutes - [29 U.S. Code - Labor.](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29) Chapters pertinent to employment: - [Chapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-8) - [Chapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-14) - [Chapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-15) - [Chapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-16) - [Chapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-18) - [Chapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-20) - [Chapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-22) - [Chapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-24) - [Chapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-28) - [42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare.](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42) Chapters pertinent to employment: - [Chapter 21. The Civil Rights Act](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-21) - [§§ 2000e - 2000e-17](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-21/subchapter-VI) - Equal Employment Opportunity - [§§ 1981](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1981), [1981A](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1981a), [1983](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1983), & [1988](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex-cgi/wexlink?wexns=USC&wexname=42:1988) - Employment Discrimination - [Chapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-126) \[Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the [Wex Definitions Team](https://about.law.cornell.edu/project/wex-definitions/)\] Keywords - [employment law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/employment_law) - [labor law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/labor_law) - [UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/unemployment_benefits) - [PENSIONS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/pensions) - [Pension Plans](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/pension_plans) Wex - [LIFE EVENTS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/life-events) - [employment](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employment) - [employee benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employee-benefits) - [labor law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/labor-law) - [wex articles](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/wex-articles) - [employment law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employment-law) ## Wex Toolbox * * - [Accessibility](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/accessibility) - [About LII](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/about_lii) - [Contact us](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/contact_us) - [Advertise here](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help_out/sponsor) - [Help](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/help) - [Terms of use](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/terms/documentation) - [Privacy](https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/terms/privacy_policy) - [![LII logo](https://www.law.cornell.edu/sites/all/themes/liizenboot/images/LII_logo_footer.gif)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/ "LII home page")
Readable Markdown	Employment is the condition of [labor](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/labor) provided by an [employee](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employee) in exchange for payment by an [employer](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employer). Employment law is a broad area encompassing the rights and responsibilities of the employer/employee relationship. Employment law consists of federal and state [statutes](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/statute), [administrative regulations](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/administrative_law), and [judicial decisions](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/judiciary). Many employment laws were enacted as protective labor [legislation](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/legislation) intended for the fairness of both employers and employees, like [employment discrimination](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment_discrimination) or [OSHA](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/occupational_safety_and_health_act_\(osha\)) regulations. Other employment laws act as [public benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/public_benefits), such as [unemployment compensation](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/unemployment_compensation). Additionally, post-employment [retirement benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/retirement_benefits), like [pensions](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/pension), are regulated by employment legislation. #### Federal Statutes - [29 U.S. Code - Labor.](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29) Chapters pertinent to employment: - [Chapt. 8. Fair Labor Standards](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-8) - [Chapt. 14. Age Discrimination in Employment](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-14) - [Chapt. 15. Occupational Safety and Health](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-15) - [Chapt. 16. Vocational Rehabilitation and Other Rehabilitation Services](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-16) - [Chapt. 18. Employee Retirement Income Security Program (ERISA)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-18) - [Chapt. 20. Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-20) - [Chapt. 22. Employee Polygraph Protection](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-22) - [Chapt. 24. Technology Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-24) - [Chapt. 28. Family and Medical Leave](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/chapter-28) - [42 U.S. Code - The Public Health and Welfare.](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42) Chapters pertinent to employment: - [Chapter 21. The Civil Rights Act](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-21) - [§§ 2000e - 2000e-17](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-21/subchapter-VI) - Equal Employment Opportunity - [§§ 1981](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1981), [1981A](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1981a), [1983](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1983), & [1988](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex-cgi/wexlink?wexns=USC&wexname=42:1988) - Employment Discrimination - [Chapter 126. - Equal Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-126) \[Last reviewed in March of 2025 by the [Wex Definitions Team](https://about.law.cornell.edu/project/wex-definitions/)\] Keywords - [employment law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/employment_law) - [labor law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/labor_law) - [UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/unemployment_benefits) - [PENSIONS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/pensions) - [Pension Plans](https://www.law.cornell.edu/category/keywords/pension_plans) Wex - [LIFE EVENTS](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/life-events) - [employment](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employment) - [employee benefits](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employee-benefits) - [labor law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/labor-law) - [wex articles](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/wex-articles) - [employment law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/category/employment-law)
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