🕷️ Crawler Inspector

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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 108 (from laksa109)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa108.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.jea.com/About/Community_Impact/Educational_Resources/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.jea.com/About/Community_Impact/Educational_Resources/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_\/","crawl_time":1774850166,"first_indexed_time":1615952636,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,jea!www,\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_\/ s443","src_root_hash":"12059490914701765108","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"How Much to Water Plants? | Science Projects | School Programs | In Our Community | JEA","meta_descriptions":["This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need!"],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need!\nSetting the Scene: A Big Drink\nIn most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas.\nIrrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens.\nYou may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems.\nSome irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too.\nThe Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots\nPlants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop.\nA similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering.\nEvery plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves.\nHomeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates.\nProject\nHere is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.)\nWater no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather.\nGrass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1\/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty.\nMulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly.\n“Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation.\nYou can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others.\nOverview of Project\nSelect several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions.\nSuggested Materials\n4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti\nOptional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays\nWatering can\nMeasuring cups\nLabels\nProcedure\nSelect a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds.\nSet up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison.\nUse recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus.\nLabel each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.”\nCarefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner:\nPot A: Twice the recommended amount\nPot B: The recommended amount\nPot C: One-half the recommended amount\nPot D: One-tenth the recommended amount\nDevelop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels.\n   6. Plot and analyze your results.\n   7. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs.\nWhich type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard?\nWhat could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden?\nWhat happened to the plants that received too little water?\nWhat happened to the plants that received too much water?\nVariations\nUse mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results?\nExperiment with different shade conditions.\nCompare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots.\nGrow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup.\nPutting it Together\nMake a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation.\nDraw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_\/#secondary-content)\n\n![facebook tracking pixel](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tr?id=1511318139163579&ev=PageView&noscript=1)\n\nJavaScript Disabled\n\nThis site will not function properly without JavaScript enabled. 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Charges](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Service_Charges\/ \"Service Charges\")\n    - [Service Reconnection](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Service_Reconnection\/ \"Service Reconnection\")\n  - [Create a jea.com Account](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Create_a_jea_com_account\/ \"Create a jea.com Account\")\n    - [Adjustment Requests](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/my_account\/commercial_forms_and_policies\/adjustment_requests \"Adjustment Requests\")\n      - [Pool Fill Affidavit](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Commercial_Forms_and_Policies\/Adjustment_Requests\/Pool_Fill_Affidavit\/ \"Pool Fill Affidavit\")\n  - [New Customer Information](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/New_Customer_Information\/ \"New Customer Information\")\n    - [Adjustment Requests](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/my_account\/commercial_forms_and_policies\/adjustment_requests \"Adjustment Requests\")\n      - [Pool Fill Affidavit](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Commercial_Forms_and_Policies\/Adjustment_Requests\/Pool_Fill_Affidavit\/ \"Pool Fill Affidavit\")\n    - [Pay Your Deposit Online](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/New_Customer_Information\/Pay_Your_Deposit_Online\/ \"Pay Your Deposit Online\")\n  - [Online Self-Service](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Online_Self-Service\/ \"Online Self-Service\")\n    - [High Bills](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/ \"High Bills\")\n      - [Changes in Habits and Consumption](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Changes_in_Habits_and_Consumption\/ \"Changes in Habits and Consumption\")\n      - [Electric Spikes](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Electric_Spikes\/ \"Electric Spikes\")\n      - [Water Spikes](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Water_Spikes\/ \"Water Spikes\")\n    - [Rates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Rates\/ \"Rates\")\n      - [SmartSavings](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Rates\/SmartSavings\/ \"SmartSavings\")\n    - [Access Multiple Accounts](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Online_Self-Service\/Access_Multiple_Accounts\/ \"Access Multiple Accounts\")\n    - [Alerts](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Online_Self-Service\/Alerts\/ \"Alerts\")\n  - [Protecting You and Your Information](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information\/ \"Protecting You and Your Information\")\n    - [Scam Alerts](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/my_account\/protecting_you_and_your_information\/scam_alerts\/ \"Scam Alerts\")\n    - [Account Security](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information\/Account_Security\/ \"Account Security\")\n    - [Consumers Beware](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information\/Consumers_Beware\/ \"Consumers Beware\")\n  - [Rates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Rates\/ \"Rates\")\n    - [Scam Alerts](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/my_account\/protecting_you_and_your_information\/scam_alerts\/ \"Scam Alerts\")\n    - [SolarMax](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Rates\/SolarMax\/ \"SolarMax\")\n    - [SolarSmart](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/SolarSmart\/ \"SolarSmart\")\n  - [Residential Forms and Policies](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/ \"Residential Forms and Policies\")\n    - [Adjustment Requests](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/my_account\/residential_forms_and_policies\/adjustment_requests \"Adjustment Requests\")\n      - [Pool Fill Affidavit](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Adjustment_Requests\/Pool_Fill_Affidavit\/ \"Pool Fill Affidavit\")\n      - [Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Form](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Adjustment_Requests\/Water,_Wastewater_and_Irrigation_Form\/ \"Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Form\")\n      - [Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Terms](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Adjustment_Requests\/Water,_Wastewater_and_Irrigation_Terms\/ \"Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Terms\")\n    - [Claim Resolution](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Claim_Resolution\/ \"Claim Resolution\")\n    - [Deposit and Connection Fees](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Deposit_and_Connection_Fees\/ \"Deposit and Connection Fees\")\n    - [JEA Credit Score](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/JEA_Credit_Score\/ \"JEA Credit Score\")\n    - [Medical Alerts](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Medical_Alerts\/ \"Medical Alerts\")\n    - [MyWay Terms and Conditions](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/MyWay_Terms_and_Conditions\/ \"MyWay Terms and Conditions\")\n    - [Name Changes and Account Transfers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Name_Changes_and_Account_Transfers\/ \"Name Changes and Account Transfers\")\n    - [Reclaimed Water Inspection Fee](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Reclaimed_Water_Inspection_Fee\/ \"Reclaimed Water Inspection Fee\")\n    - [Service Charges](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Service_Charges\/ \"Service Charges\")\n    - [Service Reconnection](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Service_Reconnection\/ \"Service Reconnection\")\n    - [Social Security Numbers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Forms_and_Policies\/Social_Security_Numbers\/ \"Social Security Numbers\")\n  - [Understand My Bill](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/ \"Understand My Bill\")\n    - [High Bills](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/ \"High Bills\")\n      - [Changes in Habits and Consumption](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Changes_in_Habits_and_Consumption\/ \"Changes in Habits and Consumption\")\n      - [Electric Spikes](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Electric_Spikes\/ \"Electric Spikes\")\n      - [Water Spikes](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/High_Bills\/Water_Spikes\/ \"Water Spikes\")\n    - [Rates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Rates\/ \"Rates\")\n      - [SmartSavings](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Rates\/SmartSavings\/ \"SmartSavings\")\n    - [Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Bill Breakdown\")\n    - [Bill Estimator](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Bill_Estimator\/ \"Bill Estimator\")\n    - [Bill Explanation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Bill_Explanation\/ \"Bill Explanation\")\n    - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n    - [Meter Reading](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Meter_Reading\/ \"Meter Reading\")\n    - [Understanding Changes on Your Monthly Bill](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Understanding_Changes_on_Your_Monthly_Bill\/ \"Understanding Changes on Your Monthly Bill\")\n  - [Add, Move, or Stop Service](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Add,_Move,_or_Stop_Service\/ \"Add, Move, or Stop Service\")\n  - [Collections, Disconnections, and Unauthorized Utility Use](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Collections,_Disconnections,_and_Unauthorized_Utility_Use\/ \"Collections, Disconnections, and Unauthorized Utility Use\")\n  - [eBill Address Instructions](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/eBill_Address_Instructions\/ \"eBill Address Instructions\")\n  - [Manage Your Account Anytime, Anywhere](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Manage_Your_Account_Anytime,_Anywhere\/ \"Manage Your Account Anytime, Anywhere\")\n  - [Residential Account Policies and Forms](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Residential_Account_Policies_and_Forms\/ \"Residential Account Policies and Forms\")\n- [Outage Center](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/ \"Outage Center\")\n  - [Mutual Aid](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Mutual_Aid\/ \"Mutual Aid\")\n    - [Storm Updates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/outage_center\/storm_safety\/storm_updates\/ \"Storm Updates\")\n  - [Storm Safety](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Storm_Safety\/ \"Storm Safety\")\n    - [Storm Updates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/outage_center\/storm_safety\/storm_updates\/ \"Storm Updates\")\n  - [Environmental Incident Reporting](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Environmental_Incident_Reporting\/ \"Environmental Incident Reporting\")\n  - [Outage FAQ](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Outage_FAQ\/ \"Outage FAQ\")\n  - [Outage Map](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Outage_Map\/ \"Outage Map\")\n  - [Streetlight Reporting Map](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Streetlight_Reporting_Map\/ \"Streetlight Reporting Map\")\n  - [Water Notices](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/Water_Notices\/ \"Water Notices\")\n- [Storm Center](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/ \"Storm Center\")\n  - [Damaged Weatherheads](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/Damaged_Weatherheads\/ \"Damaged Weatherheads\")\n  - [Generator Safety](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/Generator_Safety\/ \"Generator Safety\")\n  - [Mutual Aid](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/Mutual_Aid\/ \"Mutual Aid\")\n  - [Power Restoration Process](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/Power_Restoration_Process\/ \"Power Restoration Process\")\n  - [Storm Preparation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Storm_Center\/Storm_Preparation\/ \"Storm Preparation\")\n- [Business Resources](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/ \"Business Resources\")\n  - [Commercial Backflow Requirements](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Backflow_Requirements\/ \"Commercial Backflow Requirements\")\n    - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Wastewater\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices\/ \"Commercial Best Management Practices\")\n    - [Qualified Backflow Vendors](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Backflow_Requirements\/Qualified_Backflow_Vendors\/ \"Qualified Backflow Vendors\")\n  - [Commercial FOG Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_FOG_Program\/ \"Commercial FOG Program\")\n    - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Wastewater\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices\/ \"Commercial Best Management Practices\")\n    - [FOG Program Small Trap Maintenance Requirements](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_FOG_Program\/FOG_Program_Small_Trap_Maintenance_Requirements\/ \"FOG Program Small Trap Maintenance Requirements\")\n  - [Industrial Pretreatment](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Wastewater\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/ \"Industrial Pretreatment\")\n    - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Wastewater\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices\/ \"Commercial Best Management Practices\")\n    - [Local Discharge Limits](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Local_Discharge_Limits\/ \"Local Discharge Limits\")\n    - [Pretreatment Program Compliance Forms](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Pretreatment_Program_Compliance_Forms\/ \"Pretreatment Program Compliance Forms\")\n    - [Pretreatment Program, Permits, Surveys and Applications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Industrial_Pretreatment\/Pretreatment_Program,_Permits,_Surveys_and_Applications\/ \"Pretreatment Program, Permits, Surveys and Applications\")\n  - [Rebates for Businesses](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Rebates_for_Businesses\/ \"Rebates for Businesses\")\n    - [Business Rebates Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Rebates_for_Businesses\/Business_Rebates_Program\/ \"Business Rebates Program\")\n    - [Electric Savings](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Rebates_for_Businesses\/Electric_Savings\/ \"Electric Savings\")\n    - [Electrification Rebates Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Rebates_for_Businesses\/Electrification_Rebates_Program\/ \"Electrification Rebates Program\")\n    - [Water Savings](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Rebates_for_Businesses\/Water_Savings\/ \"Water Savings\")\n  - [Claim Resolution for Businesses](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Claim_Resolution_for_Businesses\/ \"Claim Resolution for Businesses\")\n  - [Commercial Account Update Form](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Account_Update_Form\/ \"Commercial Account Update Form\")\n  - [Commercial Deposit Information](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Deposit_Information\/ \"Commercial Deposit Information\")\n  - [Commercial Electric Rates](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Electric_Rates\/ \"Commercial Electric Rates\")\n  - [Commercial Forms and Policies](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Forms_and_Policies\/ \"Commercial Forms and Policies\")\n  - [Commercial Standby Power](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Standby_Power\/ \"Commercial Standby Power\")\n  - [Commercial Water, Wastewater or Irrigation Bill Adjustments](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Commercial_Water,_Wastewater_or_Irrigation_Bill_Adjustments\/ \"Commercial Water, Wastewater or Irrigation Bill Adjustments\")\n  - [Demand](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Demand\/ \"Demand\")\n  - [Economic Development Incentive Programs](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Economic_Development_Incentive_Programs\/ \"Economic Development Incentive Programs\")\n  - [Fire Hydrant Meter Policy and Applications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Fire_Hydrant_Meter_Policy_and_Applications\/ \"Fire Hydrant Meter Policy and Applications\")\n  - [Fleet Electrification Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Fleet_Electrification_Program\/ \"Fleet Electrification Program\")\n  - [JEA Landlord Agreement Program Adding and Removing Addresses](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/JEA_Landlord_Agreement_Program_Adding_and_Removing_Addresses\/ \"JEA Landlord Agreement Program Adding and Removing Addresses\")\n  - [JEA Landlord Agreement Program Form](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/JEA_Landlord_Agreement_Program_Form\/ \"JEA Landlord Agreement Program Form\")\n  - [Landlord Agreement Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Landlord_Agreement_Program\/ \"Landlord Agreement Program\")\n  - [Natural Gas Supply](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Natural_Gas_Supply\/ \"Natural Gas Supply\")\n  - [New Business Customers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/New_Business_Customers\/ \"New Business Customers\")\n  - [Power Conditioning Equipment](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Power_Conditioning_Equipment\/ \"Power Conditioning Equipment\")\n  - [Save Energy and Money](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Save_Energy_and_Money\/ \"Save Energy and Money\")\n  - [Small Business Hub](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Small_Business_Hub\/ \"Small Business Hub\")\n  - [Tax Exemptions](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Tax_Exemptions\/ \"Tax Exemptions\")\n  - [Telecom Services](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Business_Resources\/Telecom_Services\/ \"Telecom Services\")\n- [Meetings & Events](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/events\/ \"Meetings & Events\")\n- [Environment](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/ \"Environment\")\n  - [Compliance and Reporting](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/ \"Compliance and Reporting\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n    - [Air and Water Quality](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/Air_and_Water_Quality\/ \"Air and Water Quality\")\n    - [CCR Rule Compliance Data and Information](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/CCR_Rule_Compliance_Data_and_Information\/ \"CCR Rule Compliance Data and Information\")\n    - [Regulatory Oversight](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/Regulatory_Oversight\/ \"Regulatory Oversight\")\n    - [Risk Management](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/Risk_Management\/ \"Risk Management\")\n    - [Toxic Release Inventory](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Compliance_and_Reporting\/Toxic_Release_Inventory\/ \"Toxic Release Inventory\")\n  - [Conserve Energy by Planting Trees](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Conserve_Energy_by_Planting_Trees\/ \"Conserve Energy by Planting Trees\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n  - [Drive Electric](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Drive_Electric\/ \"Drive Electric\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n    - [EV Education](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Drive_Electric\/EV_Education\/ \"EV Education\")\n    - [EV Incentives](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Drive_Electric\/EV_Incentives\/ \"EV Incentives\")\n  - [Our Commitment](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Our_Commitment\/ \"Our Commitment\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n  - [Plug-In Electric Vehicles](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Plug-in_Electric_Vehicles\/ \"Plug-In Electric Vehicles\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n  - [Solar Options](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/ \"Solar Options\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n    - [Solar Concierge Program](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Solar_Concierge_Program\/ \"Solar Concierge Program\")\n    - [SolarSmart](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/SolarSmart\/ \"SolarSmart\")\n  - [Water Sustainability](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Water_Sustainability\/ \"Water Sustainability\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n  - [Wildlife Protection](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Wildlife_Protection\/ \"Wildlife Protection\")\n    - [Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/ \"Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation\/ \"Apply for Distributed Generation\")\n      - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown\/ \"Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown\")\n      - [Requirements After Installation](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Environment\/Solar_Options\/Distributed_Generation\/Requirements_After_Installation\/ \"Requirements After Installation\")\n- [Engineering and Construction](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/ \"Engineering and Construction\")\n  - [Community-Initiated Projects](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Community-Initiated_Projects\/ \"Community-Initiated Projects\")\n    - [Forms and Procedures](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Forms_and_Procedures\/ \"Forms and Procedures\")\n      - [Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Forms_and_Procedures\/Guidelines_for_Permit_Requirements_and_Permit_Modifications\/ \"Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications\")\n    - [Reference Materials](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/ \"Reference Materials\")\n      - [Reuse\\_Reclaimed\\_Delivery\\_Station\\_Details](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/uploadedFiles\/jeacom\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/2018\/Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details.dwg \"Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details\")\n      - [Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Sewer_Flow_Metering_System_Establishment_Checklist\/ \"Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist\")\n      - [Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Flow_Meter_Annual_Calibration_FAQs\/ \"Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs\")\n      - [Wastewater Meter Installation Steps](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Meter_Installation_Steps\/ \"Wastewater Meter Installation Steps\")\n    - [Self-Service Center](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/ \"Self-Service Center\")\n      - [Applications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Applications\/ \"Applications\")\n      - [Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Capacity_Fee_Calculator_-_Average_Daily_Flow\/ \"Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow\")\n      - [Development Project Status](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Development_Project_Status\/ \"Development Project Status\")\n    - [Stages of a Project](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/ \"Stages of a Project\")\n      - [Completion and Acceptance](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/Completion_and_Acceptance\/ \"Completion and Acceptance\")\n  - [Electric Development](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/ \"Electric Development\")\n    - [Electric Permit Status Request](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Electric_Permit_Status_Request\/ \"Electric Permit Status Request\")\n    - [Forms and Procedures](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Forms_and_Procedures\/ \"Forms and Procedures\")\n    - [Motor Approval Request](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Motor_Approval_Request\/ \"Motor Approval Request\")\n    - [Standby Generator Request](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Standby_Generator_Request\/ \"Standby Generator Request\")\n    - [Street and Area Lights](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Street_and_Area_Lights\/ \"Street and Area Lights\")\n    - [Underground Apartment Development](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Underground_Apartment_Development\/ \"Underground Apartment Development\")\n    - [Underground Commercial Development](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Underground_Commercial_Development\/ \"Underground Commercial Development\")\n    - [Underground Residential Development](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Development\/Underground_Residential_Development\/ \"Underground Residential Development\")\n  - [Electric Reference Materials](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/ \"Electric Reference Materials\")\n    - [Electric Transmission Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/Electric_Transmission_Standards\/ \"Electric Transmission Standards\")\n    - [Overhead Electric Distribution Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/Overhead_Electric_Distribution_Standards\/ \"Overhead Electric Distribution Standards\")\n    - [Power Generation Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/Power_Generation_Standards\/ \"Power Generation Standards\")\n    - [Substation Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/Substation_Standards\/ \"Substation Standards\")\n    - [Underground Electric Distribution Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Electric_Reference_Materials\/Underground_Electric_Distribution_Standards\/ \"Underground Electric Distribution Standards\")\n  - [Water and Wastewater Development](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/water_and_wastewater_development\/ \"Water and Wastewater Development\")\n    - [Forms and Procedures](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Forms_and_Procedures\/ \"Forms and Procedures\")\n      - [Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Forms_and_Procedures\/Guidelines_for_Permit_Requirements_and_Permit_Modifications\/ \"Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications\")\n    - [Reference Materials](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/ \"Reference Materials\")\n      - [Reuse\\_Reclaimed\\_Delivery\\_Station\\_Details](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/uploadedFiles\/jeacom\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/2018\/Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details.dwg \"Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details\")\n      - [Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Sewer_Flow_Metering_System_Establishment_Checklist\/ \"Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist\")\n      - [Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Flow_Meter_Annual_Calibration_FAQs\/ \"Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs\")\n      - [Wastewater Meter Installation Steps](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Meter_Installation_Steps\/ \"Wastewater Meter Installation Steps\")\n    - [Self-Service Center](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/ \"Self-Service Center\")\n      - [Applications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Applications\/ \"Applications\")\n      - [Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Capacity_Fee_Calculator_-_Average_Daily_Flow\/ \"Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow\")\n      - [Development Project Status](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Development_Project_Status\/ \"Development Project Status\")\n    - [Stages of a Project](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/ \"Stages of a Project\")\n      - [Completion and Acceptance](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/Completion_and_Acceptance\/ \"Completion and Acceptance\")\n    - 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[Reuse\\_Reclaimed\\_Delivery\\_Station\\_Details](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/uploadedFiles\/jeacom\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/2018\/Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details.dwg \"Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details\")\n      - [Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Sewer_Flow_Metering_System_Establishment_Checklist\/ \"Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist\")\n      - [Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Flow_Meter_Annual_Calibration_FAQs\/ \"Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs\")\n      - [Wastewater Meter Installation Steps](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Reference_Materials\/Wastewater_Meter_Installation_Steps\/ \"Wastewater Meter Installation Steps\")\n    - [Self-Service Center](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/ \"Self-Service Center\")\n      - [Applications](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Applications\/ \"Applications\")\n      - [Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Capacity_Fee_Calculator_-_Average_Daily_Flow\/ \"Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow\")\n      - [Development Project Status](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Self-Service_Center\/Development_Project_Status\/ \"Development Project Status\")\n    - [Stages of a Project](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/ \"Stages of a Project\")\n      - [Completion and Acceptance](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Water_and_Wastewater_Development\/Stages_of_a_Project\/Completion_and_Acceptance\/ \"Completion and Acceptance\")\n  - [Call Before You Dig](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Call_Before_You_Dig\/ \"Call Before You Dig\")\n  - [Five Year Capital Expenditures](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Five_Year_Capital_Expenditures\/ \"Five Year Capital Expenditures\")\n  - [JEA Facilities Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/JEA_Facilities_Standards\/ \"JEA Facilities Standards\")\n  - [Meter Search](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Engineering_and_Construction\/Meter_Search\/ \"Meter Search\")\n  - [Request an As-Built 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[Careers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/ \"Careers\")\n    - [Career Tracks](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Career_Tracks\/ \"Career Tracks\")\n    - [College Internships](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/College_Internships \"College Internships\")\n      - [Class of 2017](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/about\/careers\/college_internships\/class_of_2017\/ \"Class of 2017\")\n    - [Benefits and Total Rewards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Benefits_and_Total_Rewards\/ \"Benefits and Total Rewards\")\n    - [Collective Bargaining Agreements](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Collective_Bargaining_Agreements\/ \"Collective Bargaining Agreements\")\n    - [Culture](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Culture\/ \"Culture\")\n    - [Recruitment Process](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Recruitment_Process\/ \"Recruitment Process\")\n    - [Skilled Craft Apprenticeships](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Skilled_Craft_Apprenticeships\/ \"Skilled Craft Apprenticeships\")\n    - [Veterans Preference](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Veterans_Preference\/ \"Veterans Preference\")\n    - [Women in Power](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Careers\/Women_in_Power\/ \"Women in Power\")\n  - [Community Impact](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/ \"Community Impact\")\n    - [Educational Resources](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/ \"Educational Resources\")\n      - [Aqua Pals](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/Aqua_Pals\/ \"Aqua Pals\")\n      - [Aqua Pals at Home](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/Aqua_Pals_at_Home\/ \"Aqua Pals at Home\")\n      - [JEA Black History Month Poster Contest](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/JEA_Black_History_Month_Poster_Contest\/ \"JEA Black History Month Poster Contest\")\n      - [Power 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Zones](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Tree_Free_Zones\/ \"Tree Free Zones\")\n        - [Tree Trimming](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Tree_Trimming\/ \"Tree Trimming\")\n        - [Vine Maintenance](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Vine_Maintenance\/ \"Vine Maintenance\")\n      - [CEMI-5 - Electric Reliability Upgrades](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/CEMI-5_-_Electric_Reliability_Upgrades\/ \"CEMI-5 - Electric Reliability Upgrades\")\n      - [Compliance Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Compliance_Standards\/ \"Compliance Standards\")\n    - [Advanced Technology Meters](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Advanced_Technology_Meters\/ \"Advanced Technology Meters\")\n  - [Honors and Achievements](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Honors_and_Achievements\/ \"Honors and Achievements\")\n    - [Electric Facilities](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Generation\/Electric_Facilities\/ \"Electric Facilities\")\n      - [Combustion Turbine Facilities](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Electric_Facilities\/Combustion_Turbine_Facilities\/ \"Combustion Turbine Facilities\")\n      - [Northside Generating Station](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Electric_Facilities\/Northside_Generating_Station\/ \"Northside Generating Station\")\n      - [Solar Energy Centers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Electric_Facilities\/Solar_Energy_Centers\/ \"Solar Energy Centers\")\n    - [Electric Safety](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Electric_Safety\/ \"Electric Safety\")\n      - [Electromagnetic Fields](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Electric_Safety\/Electromagnetic_Fields\/ \"Electromagnetic Fields\")\n    - [Generation Strategy](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Generation\/Generation_Strategy\/ \"Generation Strategy\")\n      - [Alternative Energy](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/about\/electric_generation\/generation_strategy\/alternative_energy\/ \"Alternative Energy\")\n    - [Reliability](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Generation\/Reliability\/ \"Reliability\")\n      - [Vegetation Management](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Generation\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/ \"Vegetation Management\")\n        - [Tree Damage and Debris Removal](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Tree_Damage_and_Debris_Removal\/ \"Tree Damage and Debris Removal\")\n        - [Tree Free Zones](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Tree_Free_Zones\/ \"Tree Free Zones\")\n        - [Tree Trimming](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Tree_Trimming\/ \"Tree Trimming\")\n        - [Vine Maintenance](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Vegetation_Management\/Vine_Maintenance\/ \"Vine Maintenance\")\n      - [CEMI-5 - Electric Reliability Upgrades](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/CEMI-5_-_Electric_Reliability_Upgrades\/ \"CEMI-5 - Electric Reliability Upgrades\")\n      - [Compliance Standards](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Electric_Systems\/Reliability\/Compliance_Standards\/ \"Compliance Standards\")\n  - [Investor Relations](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/ \"Investor Relations\")\n    - [Financial Reports](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports \"Financial Reports\")\n      - [Annual Disclosure Report - Electric System](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Annual_Disclosure_Report_-_Electric_System\/ \"Annual Disclosure Report - Electric System\")\n      - [Annual Disclosure Report - Water and Sewer and District Energy System](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Annual_Disclosure_Report_-_Water_and_Sewer_and_District_Energy_System\/ \"Annual Disclosure Report - Water and Sewer and District Energy System\")\n      - [Archive](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Archive\/ \"Archive\")\n      - [SJRPP Pension](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/SJRPP_Pension\/ \"SJRPP Pension\")\n    - [Bonds](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Bonds\/ \"Bonds\")\n    - [Budget Process](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Budget_Process\/ \"Budget Process\")\n  - [Media Relations](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/ \"Media Relations\")\n    - [Financial Reports](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports \"Financial Reports\")\n      - [Annual Disclosure Report - Electric System](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Annual_Disclosure_Report_-_Electric_System\/ \"Annual Disclosure Report - Electric System\")\n      - [Annual Disclosure Report - Water and Sewer and District Energy System](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Annual_Disclosure_Report_-_Water_and_Sewer_and_District_Energy_System\/ \"Annual Disclosure Report - Water and Sewer and District Energy System\")\n      - [Archive](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/Archive\/ \"Archive\")\n      - [SJRPP Pension](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Investor_Relations\/Financial_Reports\/SJRPP_Pension\/ \"SJRPP Pension\")\n    - [2026\\.01.23 JEA Crews Deploy to South Carolina in Advance of Winter Storm](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_01_23_JEA_Crews_Deploy_to_South_Carolina_in_Advance_of_Winter_Storm\/ \"2026.01.23 JEA Crews Deploy to South Carolina in Advance of Winter Storm\")\n    - [2026\\.01.29 How JEA is Preparing for Extreme Cold, How Customers Can Prepare](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_01_29_How_JEA_is_Preparing_for_Extreme_Cold,_How_Customers_Can_Prepare\/ \"2026.01.29 How JEA is Preparing for Extreme Cold, How Customers Can Prepare\")\n    - [2026\\.02.01 Customers Can Help JEA by Reducing Energy and Water Use Morning of Feb. 2](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_02_01_Customers_Can_Help_JEA_by_Reducing_Energy_and_Water_Use_Morning_of_Feb__2\/ \"2026.02.01 Customers Can Help JEA by Reducing Energy and Water Use Morning of Feb. 2\")\n    - [2026\\.02.01 JEA Electric and Water Crews Respond During Extreme Cold](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_02_01_JEA_Electric_and_Water_Crews_Respond_During_Extreme_Cold\/ \"2026.02.01 JEA Electric and Water Crews Respond During Extreme Cold\")\n    - [2026\\.02.05 JEA H2.0 Purification Center Earns Florida Green Building Coalition Silver Certification](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_02_05_JEA_H2_0_Purification_Center_Earns_Florida_Green_Building_Coalition_Silver_Certification\/ \"2026.02.05 JEA H2.0 Purification Center Earns Florida Green Building Coalition Silver Certification\")\n    - [2026\\.03.04 JEA Conducts “Slug Response” Exercise to Protect Wastewater System and Environment](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_03_04_JEA_Conducts_%E2%80%9CSlug_Response%E2%80%9D_Exercise_to_Protect_Wastewater_System_and_Environment\/ \"2026.03.04 JEA Conducts “Slug Response” Exercise to Protect Wastewater System and Environment\")\n    - [2026\\.03.05 State Award to Help JEA Provide Water Conservation Programs to Customers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/2026_03_05_State_Award_to_Help_JEA_Provide_Water_Conservation_Programs_to_Customers\/ \"2026.03.05 State Award to Help JEA Provide Water Conservation Programs to Customers\")\n  - 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[About](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/about)\n- [Community Impact](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/)\n- [Educational Resources](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/Educational_Resources\/)\n- How Much to Water Plants?\n\n# Science Experiment: How Much to Water Plants?\nThis science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need\\!\n\n## Setting the Scene: A Big Drink\nIn most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas.\n\nIrrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens.\n\nYou may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems.\n\nSome irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too.\n\n## The Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots\nPlants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop.\n\nA similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering.\n\nEvery plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves.\n\nHomeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates.\n\n## Project\nHere is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.)\n\n- Water no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather.\n- Grass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1\/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty.\n- Mulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly.\n- “Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation.\n\nYou can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others.\n\n## Overview of Project\nSelect several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions.\n\n## Suggested Materials\n- 4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti\n- Optional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays\n- Watering can\n- Measuring cups\n- Labels\n## Procedure\n1. Select a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds.\n2. Set up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison.\n3. Use recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus.\n4. Label each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.”\n5. Carefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner:\n\n- Pot A: Twice the recommended amount\n- Pot B: The recommended amount\n- Pot C: One-half the recommended amount\n- Pot D: One-tenth the recommended amount  \n    \n  Develop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels.\n\n6\\. Plot and analyze your results.\n\n7\\. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs.\n\n- Which type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard?\n- What could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden?\n- What happened to the plants that received too little water?\n- What happened to the plants that received too much water?\n## Variations\nUse mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results?\n\nExperiment with different shade conditions.\n\nCompare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots.\n\nGrow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup.\n\n## Putting it Together\nMake a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation.\n\nDraw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below.\n\nExplore Solutions and Save\n\n}\n\n\/uploadedImages\/ResidentialDoMoreAd.jpg\n\n> Learn about all the ways JEA helps Northeast Florida families, businesses and our community thrive and how we can help you do more.\n> \n> [Get Started at DoMoreWithJEA.com](https:\/\/domorewithjea.com\/?utm_source=site%20intercept&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=DoMoreWithJEA-2021&utm_content=microsite-landing-page)\n\n- [Create an Online Account](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Registration.aspx \"Create an Online Account\")\n- [Estimate Your Bill](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Understand_My_Bill\/Bill_Estimator\/ \"Estimate Your Bill\")\n- [Add, Move or Stop Service](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/My_Account\/Add,_Move,_or_Stop_Service\/ \"Add, Move or Stop Service\")\n- [Payment Locations](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Contact\/Payment_Location_Information\/ \"Payment Locations\")\n- [How to Report an Outage](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Outage_Center\/How_to_Report_an_Outage\/ \"How to Report an Outage\")\n- [Meetings and Events](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Events\/ \"Meetings and Events\")\n- [Public Records Request](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Contact\/Public_Record_Request\/ \"Public Records Request\")\n- [Neighborhood Construction](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/in_our_community\/construction_projects\/ \"Neighborhood Construction\")\n- [Media Relations](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Media_Relations\/ \"Media Relations\")\n- [Community Impact](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Community_Impact\/ \"Community Impact\")\n- [Water Quality](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/Water_Supply\/Water_Quality\/ \"Water Quality\")\n- [About JEA](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/About\/ \"About JEA\")\n- [Board Meetings](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/about\/board_and_management\/jea_board_meetings\/ \"Board Meetings\")\n- [Water Advisories](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/outage_center\/water_notices\/ \"Water Advisories\")\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Accessibility\/ \"Accessibility\")\n- [Schedule an In-Office Appointment](https:\/\/kiosk.na8.qless.com\/kiosk\/app\/home\/184 \"Schedule an In-Office Appointment\")\n- [Guest Pay](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/guestpay\/ \"Guest Pay\")\n\n[![eSSENTIAL Accessibility Logo](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/uploadedimages\/Images\/ea-logo-alt.png)](https:\/\/www.essentialaccessibility.com\/jea?utm_source=jeahomepage&utm_medium=iconlarge&utm_term=eachannelpage&utm_content=header&utm_campaign=jea \"JEA's Accessibility Information\")\n\nCopyright © 2026, JEA - P1 v 2.0.1.8\n\n[Privacy and Disclaimers](https:\/\/www.jea.com\/Privacy_and_Disclaimers\/ \"Privacy and Disclaimers\")","attrs_readable_markdown":"This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need\\!\n\n## Setting the Scene: A Big Drink\nIn most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas.\n\nIrrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens.\n\nYou may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems.\n\nSome irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too.\n\n## The Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots\nPlants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop.\n\nA similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering.\n\nEvery plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves.\n\nHomeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates.\n\n## Project\nHere is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.)\n\n- Water no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather.\n- Grass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1\/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty.\n- Mulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly.\n- “Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation.\n\nYou can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others.\n\n## Overview of Project\nSelect several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions.\n\n## Suggested Materials\n- 4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti\n- Optional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays\n- Watering can\n- Measuring cups\n- Labels\n## Procedure\n1. Select a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds.\n2. Set up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison.\n3. Use recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus.\n4. Label each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.”\n5. Carefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner:\n\n- Pot A: Twice the recommended amount\n- Pot B: The recommended amount\n- Pot C: One-half the recommended amount\n- Pot D: One-tenth the recommended amount\n  Develop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels.\n\n6\\. Plot and analyze your results.\n\n7\\. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs.\n\n- Which type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard?\n- What could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden?\n- What happened to the plants that received too little water?\n- What happened to the plants that received too much water?\n## Variations\nUse mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results?\n\nExperiment with different shade conditions.\n\nCompare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots.\n\nGrow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup.\n\n## Putting it Together\nMake a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation.\n\nDraw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.jea.com/About/Community_Impact/Educational_Resources/How_Much_to_Water_Plants_/
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Meta Title	How Much to Water Plants? \| Science Projects \| School Programs \| In Our Community \| JEA
Meta Description	This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need!
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need! Setting the Scene: A Big Drink In most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas. Irrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens. You may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems. Some irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too. The Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots Plants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop. A similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering. Every plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves. Homeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates. Project Here is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.) Water no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather. Grass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty. Mulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly. “Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation. You can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others. Overview of Project Select several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions. Suggested Materials 4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti Optional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays Watering can Measuring cups Labels Procedure Select a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds. Set up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison. Use recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus. Label each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.” Carefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner: Pot A: Twice the recommended amount Pot B: The recommended amount Pot C: One-half the recommended amount Pot D: One-tenth the recommended amount Develop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels. 6. Plot and analyze your results. 7. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs. Which type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard? What could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden? What happened to the plants that received too little water? What happened to the plants that received too much water? Variations Use mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results? Experiment with different shade conditions. Compare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots. Grow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup. Putting it Together Make a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation. Draw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below.
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[Adjustment Requests](https://www.jea.com/my_account/commercial_forms_and_policies/adjustment_requests "Adjustment Requests") - [Pool Fill Affidavit](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Commercial_Forms_and_Policies/Adjustment_Requests/Pool_Fill_Affidavit/ "Pool Fill Affidavit") - [Pay Your Deposit Online](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/New_Customer_Information/Pay_Your_Deposit_Online/ "Pay Your Deposit Online") - [Online Self-Service](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Online_Self-Service/ "Online Self-Service") - [High Bills](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/ "High Bills") - [Changes in Habits and Consumption](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Changes_in_Habits_and_Consumption/ "Changes in Habits and Consumption") - [Electric Spikes](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Electric_Spikes/ "Electric Spikes") - [Water Spikes](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Water_Spikes/ "Water Spikes") - [Rates](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Rates/ "Rates") - [SmartSavings](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Rates/SmartSavings/ "SmartSavings") - [Access Multiple Accounts](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Online_Self-Service/Access_Multiple_Accounts/ "Access Multiple Accounts") - [Alerts](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Online_Self-Service/Alerts/ "Alerts") - [Protecting You and Your Information](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information/ "Protecting You and Your Information") - [Scam Alerts](https://www.jea.com/my_account/protecting_you_and_your_information/scam_alerts/ "Scam Alerts") - [Account Security](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information/Account_Security/ "Account Security") - [Consumers Beware](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Protecting_You_and_Your_Information/Consumers_Beware/ "Consumers Beware") - [Rates](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Rates/ "Rates") - [Scam Alerts](https://www.jea.com/my_account/protecting_you_and_your_information/scam_alerts/ "Scam Alerts") - [SolarMax](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Rates/SolarMax/ "SolarMax") - [SolarSmart](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/SolarSmart/ "SolarSmart") - [Residential Forms and Policies](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/ "Residential Forms and Policies") - [Adjustment Requests](https://www.jea.com/my_account/residential_forms_and_policies/adjustment_requests "Adjustment Requests") - [Pool Fill Affidavit](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Adjustment_Requests/Pool_Fill_Affidavit/ "Pool Fill Affidavit") - [Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Form](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Adjustment_Requests/Water,_Wastewater_and_Irrigation_Form/ "Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Form") - [Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Terms](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Adjustment_Requests/Water,_Wastewater_and_Irrigation_Terms/ "Water, Wastewater and Irrigation Terms") - [Claim Resolution](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Claim_Resolution/ "Claim Resolution") - [Deposit and Connection Fees](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Deposit_and_Connection_Fees/ "Deposit and Connection Fees") - [JEA Credit Score](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/JEA_Credit_Score/ "JEA Credit Score") - [Medical Alerts](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Medical_Alerts/ "Medical Alerts") - [MyWay Terms and Conditions](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/MyWay_Terms_and_Conditions/ "MyWay Terms and Conditions") - [Name Changes and Account Transfers](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Name_Changes_and_Account_Transfers/ "Name Changes and Account Transfers") - [Reclaimed Water Inspection Fee](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Reclaimed_Water_Inspection_Fee/ "Reclaimed Water Inspection Fee") - [Service Charges](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Service_Charges/ "Service Charges") - [Service Reconnection](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Service_Reconnection/ "Service Reconnection") - [Social Security Numbers](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Forms_and_Policies/Social_Security_Numbers/ "Social Security Numbers") - [Understand My Bill](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/ "Understand My Bill") - [High Bills](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/ "High Bills") - [Changes in Habits and Consumption](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Changes_in_Habits_and_Consumption/ "Changes in Habits and Consumption") - [Electric Spikes](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Electric_Spikes/ "Electric Spikes") - [Water Spikes](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/High_Bills/Water_Spikes/ "Water Spikes") - [Rates](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Rates/ "Rates") - [SmartSavings](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Rates/SmartSavings/ "SmartSavings") - [Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Bill_Breakdown/ "Bill Breakdown") - [Bill Estimator](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Bill_Estimator/ "Bill Estimator") - [Bill Explanation](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Bill_Explanation/ "Bill Explanation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Meter Reading](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Meter_Reading/ "Meter Reading") - [Understanding Changes on Your Monthly Bill](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Understand_My_Bill/Understanding_Changes_on_Your_Monthly_Bill/ "Understanding Changes on Your Monthly Bill") - [Add, Move, or Stop Service](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Add,_Move,_or_Stop_Service/ "Add, Move, or Stop Service") - [Collections, Disconnections, and Unauthorized Utility Use](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Collections,_Disconnections,_and_Unauthorized_Utility_Use/ "Collections, Disconnections, and Unauthorized Utility Use") - [eBill Address Instructions](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/eBill_Address_Instructions/ "eBill Address Instructions") - [Manage Your Account Anytime, Anywhere](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Manage_Your_Account_Anytime,_Anywhere/ "Manage Your Account Anytime, Anywhere") - [Residential Account Policies and Forms](https://www.jea.com/My_Account/Residential_Account_Policies_and_Forms/ "Residential Account Policies and Forms") - [Outage Center](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/ "Outage Center") - [Mutual Aid](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Mutual_Aid/ "Mutual Aid") - [Storm Updates](https://www.jea.com/outage_center/storm_safety/storm_updates/ "Storm Updates") - [Storm Safety](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Storm_Safety/ "Storm Safety") - [Storm Updates](https://www.jea.com/outage_center/storm_safety/storm_updates/ "Storm Updates") - [Environmental Incident Reporting](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Environmental_Incident_Reporting/ "Environmental Incident Reporting") - [Outage FAQ](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Outage_FAQ/ "Outage FAQ") - [Outage Map](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Outage_Map/ "Outage Map") - [Streetlight Reporting Map](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Streetlight_Reporting_Map/ "Streetlight Reporting Map") - [Water Notices](https://www.jea.com/Outage_Center/Water_Notices/ "Water Notices") - [Storm Center](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/ "Storm Center") - [Damaged Weatherheads](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/Damaged_Weatherheads/ "Damaged Weatherheads") - [Generator Safety](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/Generator_Safety/ "Generator Safety") - [Mutual Aid](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/Mutual_Aid/ "Mutual Aid") - [Power Restoration Process](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/Power_Restoration_Process/ "Power Restoration Process") - [Storm Preparation](https://www.jea.com/Storm_Center/Storm_Preparation/ "Storm Preparation") - [Business Resources](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/ "Business Resources") - [Commercial Backflow Requirements](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Backflow_Requirements/ "Commercial Backflow Requirements") - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https://www.jea.com/About/Wastewater/Industrial_Pretreatment/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices/ "Commercial Best Management Practices") - [Qualified Backflow Vendors](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Backflow_Requirements/Qualified_Backflow_Vendors/ "Qualified Backflow Vendors") - [Commercial FOG Program](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_FOG_Program/ "Commercial FOG Program") - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https://www.jea.com/About/Wastewater/Industrial_Pretreatment/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices/ "Commercial Best Management Practices") - [FOG Program Small Trap Maintenance Requirements](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_FOG_Program/FOG_Program_Small_Trap_Maintenance_Requirements/ "FOG Program Small Trap Maintenance Requirements") - [Industrial Pretreatment](https://www.jea.com/About/Wastewater/Industrial_Pretreatment/ "Industrial Pretreatment") - [Commercial Best Management Practices](https://www.jea.com/About/Wastewater/Industrial_Pretreatment/Commercial_Best_Management_Practices/ "Commercial Best Management Practices") - [Local Discharge Limits](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Industrial_Pretreatment/Local_Discharge_Limits/ "Local Discharge Limits") - [Pretreatment Program Compliance Forms](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Industrial_Pretreatment/Pretreatment_Program_Compliance_Forms/ "Pretreatment Program Compliance Forms") - [Pretreatment Program, Permits, Surveys and Applications](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Industrial_Pretreatment/Pretreatment_Program,_Permits,_Surveys_and_Applications/ "Pretreatment Program, Permits, Surveys and Applications") - [Rebates for Businesses](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Rebates_for_Businesses/ "Rebates for Businesses") - [Business Rebates Program](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Rebates_for_Businesses/Business_Rebates_Program/ "Business Rebates Program") - [Electric Savings](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Rebates_for_Businesses/Electric_Savings/ "Electric Savings") - [Electrification Rebates Program](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Rebates_for_Businesses/Electrification_Rebates_Program/ "Electrification Rebates Program") - [Water Savings](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Rebates_for_Businesses/Water_Savings/ "Water Savings") - [Claim Resolution for Businesses](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Claim_Resolution_for_Businesses/ "Claim Resolution for Businesses") - [Commercial Account Update Form](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Account_Update_Form/ "Commercial Account Update Form") - [Commercial Deposit Information](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Deposit_Information/ "Commercial Deposit Information") - [Commercial Electric Rates](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Electric_Rates/ "Commercial Electric Rates") - [Commercial Forms and Policies](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Forms_and_Policies/ "Commercial Forms and Policies") - [Commercial Standby Power](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Standby_Power/ "Commercial Standby Power") - [Commercial Water, Wastewater or Irrigation Bill Adjustments](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Commercial_Water,_Wastewater_or_Irrigation_Bill_Adjustments/ "Commercial Water, Wastewater or Irrigation Bill Adjustments") - [Demand](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Demand/ "Demand") - [Economic Development Incentive Programs](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Economic_Development_Incentive_Programs/ "Economic Development Incentive Programs") - [Fire Hydrant Meter Policy and Applications](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Fire_Hydrant_Meter_Policy_and_Applications/ "Fire Hydrant Meter Policy and Applications") - [Fleet Electrification Program](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Fleet_Electrification_Program/ "Fleet Electrification Program") - [JEA Landlord Agreement Program Adding and Removing Addresses](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/JEA_Landlord_Agreement_Program_Adding_and_Removing_Addresses/ "JEA Landlord Agreement Program Adding and Removing Addresses") - [JEA Landlord Agreement Program Form](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/JEA_Landlord_Agreement_Program_Form/ "JEA Landlord Agreement Program Form") - [Landlord Agreement Program](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Landlord_Agreement_Program/ "Landlord Agreement Program") - [Natural Gas Supply](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Natural_Gas_Supply/ "Natural Gas Supply") - [New Business Customers](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/New_Business_Customers/ "New Business Customers") - [Power Conditioning Equipment](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Power_Conditioning_Equipment/ "Power Conditioning Equipment") - [Save Energy and Money](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Save_Energy_and_Money/ "Save Energy and Money") - [Small Business Hub](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Small_Business_Hub/ "Small Business Hub") - [Tax Exemptions](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Tax_Exemptions/ "Tax Exemptions") - [Telecom Services](https://www.jea.com/Business_Resources/Telecom_Services/ "Telecom Services") - [Meetings & Events](https://www.jea.com/events/ "Meetings & Events") - [Environment](https://www.jea.com/Environment/ "Environment") - [Compliance and Reporting](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/ "Compliance and Reporting") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Air and Water Quality](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/Air_and_Water_Quality/ "Air and Water Quality") - [CCR Rule Compliance Data and Information](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/CCR_Rule_Compliance_Data_and_Information/ "CCR Rule Compliance Data and Information") - [Regulatory Oversight](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/Regulatory_Oversight/ "Regulatory Oversight") - [Risk Management](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/Risk_Management/ "Risk Management") - [Toxic Release Inventory](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Compliance_and_Reporting/Toxic_Release_Inventory/ "Toxic Release Inventory") - [Conserve Energy by Planting Trees](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Conserve_Energy_by_Planting_Trees/ "Conserve Energy by Planting Trees") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Drive Electric](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Drive_Electric/ "Drive Electric") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [EV Education](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Drive_Electric/EV_Education/ "EV Education") - [EV Incentives](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Drive_Electric/EV_Incentives/ "EV Incentives") - [Our Commitment](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Our_Commitment/ "Our Commitment") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Plug-In Electric Vehicles](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Plug-in_Electric_Vehicles/ "Plug-In Electric Vehicles") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Solar Options](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/ "Solar Options") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Solar Concierge Program](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Solar_Concierge_Program/ "Solar Concierge Program") - [SolarSmart](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/SolarSmart/ "SolarSmart") - [Water Sustainability](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Water_Sustainability/ "Water Sustainability") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Wildlife Protection](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Wildlife_Protection/ "Wildlife Protection") - [Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/ "Distributed Generation") - [Apply for Distributed Generation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Apply_for_Distributed_Generation/ "Apply for Distributed Generation") - [Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Distributed_Generation_Bill_Breakdown/ "Distributed Generation Bill Breakdown") - [Requirements After Installation](https://www.jea.com/Environment/Solar_Options/Distributed_Generation/Requirements_After_Installation/ "Requirements After Installation") - [Engineering and Construction](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/ "Engineering and Construction") - [Community-Initiated Projects](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Community-Initiated_Projects/ "Community-Initiated Projects") - [Forms and Procedures](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Forms_and_Procedures/ "Forms and Procedures") - [Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Forms_and_Procedures/Guidelines_for_Permit_Requirements_and_Permit_Modifications/ "Guidelines for Permit Requirements and Permit Modifications") - [Reference Materials](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Reference_Materials/ "Reference Materials") - [Reuse\_Reclaimed\_Delivery\_Station\_Details](https://www.jea.com/uploadedFiles/jeacom/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Reference_Materials/2018/Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details.dwg "Reuse_Reclaimed_Delivery_Station_Details") - [Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Reference_Materials/Sewer_Flow_Metering_System_Establishment_Checklist/ "Sewer Flow Metering System Establishment Checklist") - [Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Reference_Materials/Wastewater_Flow_Meter_Annual_Calibration_FAQs/ "Wastewater Flow Meter Annual Calibration FAQs") - [Wastewater Meter Installation Steps](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Reference_Materials/Wastewater_Meter_Installation_Steps/ "Wastewater Meter Installation Steps") - [Self-Service Center](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Self-Service_Center/ "Self-Service Center") - [Applications](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Self-Service_Center/Applications/ "Applications") - [Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Self-Service_Center/Capacity_Fee_Calculator_-_Average_Daily_Flow/ "Capacity Fee Calculator - Average Daily Flow") - [Development Project Status](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Self-Service_Center/Development_Project_Status/ "Development Project Status") - [Stages of a Project](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Stages_of_a_Project/ "Stages of a Project") - [Completion and Acceptance](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Water_and_Wastewater_Development/Stages_of_a_Project/Completion_and_Acceptance/ "Completion and Acceptance") - [Electric Development](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/ "Electric Development") - [Electric Permit Status Request](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/Electric_Permit_Status_Request/ "Electric Permit Status Request") - [Forms and Procedures](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/Forms_and_Procedures/ "Forms and Procedures") - [Motor Approval Request](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/Motor_Approval_Request/ "Motor Approval Request") - [Standby Generator Request](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/Standby_Generator_Request/ "Standby Generator Request") - [Street and Area Lights](https://www.jea.com/Engineering_and_Construction/Electric_Development/Street_and_Area_Lights/ "Street and Area Lights") - 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This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need\! ## Setting the Scene: A Big Drink In most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas. Irrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens. You may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems. Some irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too. ## The Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots Plants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop. A similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering. Every plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves. Homeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates. ## Project Here is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.) - Water no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather. - Grass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty. - Mulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly. - “Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation. You can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others. ## Overview of Project Select several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions. ## Suggested Materials - 4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti - Optional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays - Watering can - Measuring cups - Labels ## Procedure 1. Select a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds. 2. Set up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison. 3. Use recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus. 4. Label each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.” 5. Carefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner: - Pot A: Twice the recommended amount - Pot B: The recommended amount - Pot C: One-half the recommended amount - Pot D: One-tenth the recommended amount Develop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels. 6\. Plot and analyze your results. 7\. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs. - Which type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard? - What could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden? - What happened to the plants that received too little water? - What happened to the plants that received too much water? ## Variations Use mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results? Experiment with different shade conditions. Compare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots. Grow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup. ## Putting it Together Make a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation. Draw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below. 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Readable Markdown	This science project is great to help any age student or adult to understand how much water plants need\! ## Setting the Scene: A Big Drink In most of Florida, the largest percentage of water is used to water farms, orchards, parks, playing fields, parks, gardens, and lawns. All of these forms of watering, from huge agricultural fields to your own back yard, are examples of irrigation. Irrigation simply means watering outdoor areas. Irrigation ranks high on the list of important water uses. Without irrigation, Florida could not grow most of the crops and fruits we (and the rest of the world) love to eat. We would have fewer fresh and healthful foods. The fruits and vegetables could eat would cost more, and the state would lose a huge part of its economic base. Without irrigation, we could not surround ourselves with beautiful yards, parks, and gardens. You may have noticed many different methods of irrigation. Some fields have sprinklers that squirt in wide circles; others have sprinklers on large wheels that roll across the fields. Orchards may run water in trenches below rows of trees, or they may have soaker hoses with little holes that allow water to drip slowly to the roots. Homeowners also can select many different kinds of sprinkler systems. Some irrigation systems use more water than others for the same types of crops. In fact, some irrigation systems use more water than the plants actually need. That extra water is wasted! Since irrigation represents such a huge percentage of our water use, using only as much water as plants actually need can save huge volumes of water. Thoughtful watering also helps homeowners spend less money for water, too. ## The Basic Science: Dripping at the Roots Plants get most of their water from the soil. Their roots draw water out of the soil and pull it up to their stems and leaves by using capillary action. You can observe capillary action by hanging a paper towel over the edge of a basin of water. Within a few hours, some of the water will climb up the towel and flow over onto the countertop. A similar thing happens to the roots of plants. In most plants, the roots extend deep into the soil. If the water is near the surface, the plant’s roots may grow upwards to reach it. Those roots tend to dry out more quickly than deeper roots, so they need more frequent watering. Every plant has different watering needs. Watering according to those needs uses less water and makes healthier plants. In addition, most plants prefer water at the root system rather than the leaves. Homeowners can also save water by choosing native plants, which are plants that originally grew in areas with climates similar to ours. Those plants are well suited to the Florida sun, heat, and rainfall patterns. They also use less water than plants brought in from wetter, drier, or cooler climates. ## Project Here is a list of several widely used techniques for saving water used for irrigation. Many of these tips are based on the need to keep the water you apply from evaporating, because evaporation causes a great deal of water loss in hot climates like ours. (Of course, a great way to save water in the garden is to grow plants that require less water.) - Water no more than 2 days a week in the summer, and less often in cooler, rainier weather. - Grass usually requires more water than ground covers and gardens; keeping grass higher than 1/3 inch keeps roots shaded and less thirsty. - Mulch spread around plants’ root systems keeps water from evaporating as quickly. - “Water before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m.” Watering in the morning and evening reduces water lost to evaporation. You can do a series of experiments to discover your own wise gardening methods and then prepare water-saving tips for others. ## Overview of Project Select several different types of plants that have different watering needs, and grow each of them in different conditions. ## Suggested Materials - 4 each of the following plants in equal-sized pots: impatiens, geraniums, jade plants, cacti - Optional: shade-tolerant and grass-tolerant grass seeds planted in trays - Watering can - Measuring cups - Labels ## Procedure 1. Select a shade-tolerant plant that needs plenty of water, such as an impatiens; a plant that likes full sun, like a geranium; a plant with succulent leaves, like a jade plant; and a drought-tolerant cactus. The staff at a garden store can help you select appropriate plants. You may also grow trays of several types of grass that require different amounts of water. Again, a garden store can help select appropriate grass seeds. 2. Set up four pots for each plant. If you are growing grasses, set up as many trays as you have types of grass. All pots and trays should be the same size and filled to the same level for purposes of comparison. 3. Use recommended soil. For example, the impatiens, geranium, and grass should have potting soil with some organic material. Look for cactus soil for the jade and cactus. 4. Label each of the pots for each plant variety “A,” “B,” ‘C,” and “D.” 5. Carefully measure and record the amount of water you give to each plant throughout the duration of your experiment. Water the plants in this manner: - Pot A: Twice the recommended amount - Pot B: The recommended amount - Pot C: One-half the recommended amount - Pot D: One-tenth the recommended amount Develop a recording system to track how often you water and how much water you apply, and to write your observations about how the leaves appear and how the soil feels. 6\. Plot and analyze your results. 7\. Draw conclusions about each plant type’s water needs. - Which type of plant would work best in a Florida garden or yard? - What could you do to ease a water thirsty plant’s water demands if you planted it in a garden? - What happened to the plants that received too little water? - What happened to the plants that received too much water? ## Variations Use mulch on the plants. How does that vary your results? Experiment with different shade conditions. Compare results if you water at the roots or water through the soil. You could push a straw into the soil to the level of the roots, and apply water through the straw so the water goes directly to the roots. Grow plants with soil in clear plastic cups to observe their root systems. Set up an experiment in which you water one set of plants frequently with small amounts and another set less often but with enough water to soak to the bottom of the cup. ## Putting it Together Make a visual display that demonstrates how plants need different amounts of water. Add a “Water Saving Tip Sheet” for home irrigation. Draw a landscaping plan for a garden. Research drought-tolerant plants through some of the sites below.
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