🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 0 (from laksa130)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa000.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.internationalsos.com/risk-outlook/definitions\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.internationalsos.com/risk-outlook/definitions\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/risk-outlook\/definitions","crawl_time":1775597375,"first_indexed_time":1637011102,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,internationalsos!www,\/risk-outlook\/definitions s443","src_root_hash":"8990580541282397200","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Risk ratings definitions","meta_descriptions":["MEDICAL RISK RATINGS Medical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers. The medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care. An overall single rating is given at a country* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors. *The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty. LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening infectious diseases may vary. HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common. Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation may require international evacuation. VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may require international evacuation SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS Security risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism\/insurgency\/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and\/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential services for extended periods. Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and\/or large parts of the country or territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and\/or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and\/or health services is routinely challenging. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"MEDICAL RISK RATINGS \nMedical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers.\nThe medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care.\nAn overall single rating is given at a country* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors.\n*The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty.\nLOW MEDICAL RISK\nQuality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and\nquality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is\nlow due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources.\nMedical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and\ncultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. \nMEDIUM MEDICAL RISK\nQuality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious\ndiseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources.\nMedical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. \nVARIABLE MEDICAL RISK\nSignificant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these\ns\nervices may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening\ninfectious diseases may vary.\nHIGH MEDICAL RISK\nBasic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited\neven in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious\ndiseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common.\nCommunicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality.\nMedical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close\nsupervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation\nmay require international evacuation. \nVERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK\nHealthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other\ncommunicable diseases may be common.\nMedical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close\nsupervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may\nrequire international evacuation \n \nSECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS\nSecurity risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism\/insurgency\/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. \nINSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK\nRates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest\nand little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals.\nSecurity and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action\naffecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal.  \nLOW SECURITY RISK\nViolent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take\nplace but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have\nlimited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale.\nSecurity and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and\ntransport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly.\nNatural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. \nMEDIUM SECURITY RISK\nUnderlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political\nunrest, violent protests, insurgency and\/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur.\nWorkforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of\nsecurity, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential\nservices for extended periods.\nNatural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond.  \nHIGH SECURITY RISK\nVolatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and\/or large parts of the country or\nterritory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they\nmay be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and\/or terrorism\npose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is\ncommon, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected.\nNatural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond.  \nEXTREME SECURITY RISK\nGovernment control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target\nforeign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the\nindiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional.\nAccess to essential services such as power, telecommunications and\/or health services is routinely\nchallenging.\nNatural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond. \nRibbon","attrs_markdown":"You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.\n\n[Skip to content](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/risk-outlook\/definitions#main-content)\n\n[![International SOS logo](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/-\/jssmedia\/main-site\/images\/media\/logos\/international-sos\/international-sos-logo-2015.png?w=180&h=auto&mw=180&rev=6395539e91114508beb8e4aa9b80b64f)![International SOS logo white](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/-\/jssmedia\/main-site\/images\/media\/logos\/international-sos\/intlsos-logo-white-header.png?w=180&h=auto&mw=180&rev=01e89df0f69d448eaede0d0978571187)](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/)\n\nSubscriber Assistance [\\+33 155 633 155](<tel: +33 155 633 155> \"Subscriber Assistance\")\n\n[Access Portal](https:\/\/myportal.internationalsos.com\/WebPortal\/Home \"Access Subscriber Portal\")\n\nSelect\n\n[eShop](https:\/\/eshop.internationalsos.com\/)\n\n- Services\n- [Capabilities](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/risk-outlook\/definitions)\n- Platform\n- Events\n- Insights\n- About Us\n- Our Experts\n\nPopular Keywords\n\n[ISO 31030](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/search?searchTerm=ISO%2031030 \"ISO 31030\")[Mental Health](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/search?searchTerm=Mental%20Health \"Mental Health\")[Consulting](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/search?searchTerm=Consulting \"Consulting\")\n\n[Contact Us](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/get-in-touch \"Contact Us\")\n# Risk Ratings Definitions\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/)\n- [Beyond Risk Outlook: Pulse Check 2026](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/risk-outlook)\n- Current Page\n\n## **MEDICAL RISK RATINGS**\nMedical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers.\n\nThe medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care.\n\nAn overall single rating is given at a country\\* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors.\n\n\\*The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n|   | LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and   quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is   low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and   cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. |\n|   | MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious   diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. |\n|   | VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these  services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening   infectious diseases may vary. |\n|   | HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited   even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious   diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common.   Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close   supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation   may require international evacuation. |\n|   | VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other   communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close   supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may   require international evacuation |\n## **SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS**\nSecurity risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism\/insurgency\/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n|   | INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest   and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action  affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. |\n|   | LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take   place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have  limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and   transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. |\n|   | MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political   unrest, violent protests, insurgency and\/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of   security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential  services for extended periods.     Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. |\n|   | HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and\/or large parts of the country or   territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they   may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and\/or terrorism  pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is   common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected.     Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. |\n|   | EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target  foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the  indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and\/or health services is routinely   challenging.     Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond. |\n\nBack to top\n\n![International SOS logo in white](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/-\/jssmedia\/main-site\/logos-and-valtech-images\/international-sos-logo-white-footer.png?w=200&h=auto&mw=200&rev=d058b515fd2b4e828ec08e4f68ac4dce)\n\n- How we can support\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/get-in-touch \"Contact Us\")\n- [Login](https:\/\/myportal.internationalsos.com\/WebPortal\/Home)\n- [Help Center](https:\/\/clientsupport.internationalsos.com\/s\/)\n- [Browse by Needs](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/needs \"Browse by Needs\")\n- [Browse by Services](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/services \"Browse by Services\")\n\n- Events & Insights\n- [Events](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/events \"Browse our Events\")\n- [Featured Insights](https:\/\/www.internationalsos.com\/risk-outlook\/definitions \"Browse our Articles\")\n- [Case 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Pte. Ltd and each of its affiliates are legally separate and independent entities. © 2026 International SOS\n\nSelect\n\nAEA International Holdings. Pte. Ltd and each of its affiliates are legally separate and independent entities. © 2026 International SOS","attrs_readable_markdown":"## **MEDICAL RISK RATINGS**\nMedical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers.\n\nThe medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care.\n\nAn overall single rating is given at a country\\* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors.\n\n\\*The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n|   | LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and   quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is   low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and   cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. |\n|   | MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious   diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. |\n|   | VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these  services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening   infectious diseases may vary. |\n|   | HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited   even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious   diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common.   Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close   supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation   may require international evacuation. |\n|   | VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other   communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close   supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may   require international evacuation |\n## **SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS**\nSecurity risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism\/insurgency\/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment.\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n|   | INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest   and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action  affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. |\n|   | LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take   place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. 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Meta Title	Risk ratings definitions
Meta Description	MEDICAL RISK RATINGS Medical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers. The medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care. An overall single rating is given at a country* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors. *The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty. LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening infectious diseases may vary. HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common. Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation may require international evacuation. VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may require international evacuation SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS Security risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism/insurgency/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential services for extended periods. Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and/or large parts of the country or territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and/or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and/or health services is routinely challenging. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond.
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Boilerpipe Text	MEDICAL RISK RATINGS Medical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers. The medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care. An overall single rating is given at a country* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors. *The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty. LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these s ervices may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening infectious diseases may vary. HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common. Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation may require international evacuation. VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may require international evacuation SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS Security risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism/insurgency/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential services for extended periods. Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and/or large parts of the country or territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and/or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and/or health services is routinely challenging. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond. Ribbon
Markdown	You need to enable JavaScript to run this app. [Skip to content](https://www.internationalsos.com/risk-outlook/definitions#main-content) [![International SOS logo](https://www.internationalsos.com/-/jssmedia/main-site/images/media/logos/international-sos/international-sos-logo-2015.png?w=180&h=auto&mw=180&rev=6395539e91114508beb8e4aa9b80b64f)![International SOS logo white](https://www.internationalsos.com/-/jssmedia/main-site/images/media/logos/international-sos/intlsos-logo-white-header.png?w=180&h=auto&mw=180&rev=01e89df0f69d448eaede0d0978571187)](https://www.internationalsos.com/) Subscriber Assistance [\+33 155 633 155](<tel: +33 155 633 155> "Subscriber Assistance") [Access Portal](https://myportal.internationalsos.com/WebPortal/Home "Access Subscriber Portal") Select [eShop](https://eshop.internationalsos.com/) - Services - [Capabilities](https://www.internationalsos.com/risk-outlook/definitions) - Platform - Events - Insights - About Us - Our Experts Popular Keywords [ISO 31030](https://www.internationalsos.com/search?searchTerm=ISO%2031030 "ISO 31030")[Mental Health](https://www.internationalsos.com/search?searchTerm=Mental%20Health "Mental Health")[Consulting](https://www.internationalsos.com/search?searchTerm=Consulting "Consulting") [Contact Us](https://www.internationalsos.com/get-in-touch "Contact Us") # Risk Ratings Definitions - [Home](https://www.internationalsos.com/) - [Beyond Risk Outlook: Pulse Check 2026](https://www.internationalsos.com/risk-outlook) - Current Page ## MEDICAL RISK RATINGS Medical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers. The medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care. An overall single rating is given at a country\* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors. \The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| \| LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. \| \| \| MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. \| \| \| VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening infectious diseases may vary. \| \| \| HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common. Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation may require international evacuation. \| \| \| VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may require international evacuation \| ## SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS* Security risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism/insurgency/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| \| INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. \| \| \| LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. \| \| \| MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential services for extended periods. Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. \| \| \| HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and/or large parts of the country or territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and/or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. \| \| \| EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and/or health services is routinely challenging. 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Readable Markdown	## MEDICAL RISK RATINGS Medical Risk Ratings are determined using a proprietary algorithm with over 20 internal and external data points, and the first-hand knowledge of our expert medical professionals worldwide. The selected data points reflect a range of health risks and mitigating factors, including, but not limited to: infectious disease, environmental risks, sanitation, standard of emergency medical services, outpatient and inpatient medical care, access to quality pharmaceutical supplies, the International SOS security risk rating, medical evacuation data, complexity of evacuation and cultural, language or administrative barriers. The medical landscape can vary widely within countries. For example, major cities may have better access to quality medical care; whereas remote or rural locations may have limited availability of health facilities and specialist care. An overall single rating is given at a country\* level. Members also have access to detailed risk ratings for selected cities within countries, and a subset of the risk factors. \The term ‘country’ refers to traditional countries or independent states, as well as other geographic entities including dependencies, territories and areas of special sovereignty. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| \| LOW MEDICAL RISK Quality medical care is available throughout. Specialist care, emergency and dental services, and quality prescription drugs are widely available. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is low due to widespread access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Medical referral. Assistance with language and cultural differences. Payment. Evacuation rarely required. \| \| \| MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK Quality general medical care and prescription drugs are available from selected providers. Emergency services, limited specialist and dental care are usually reliable. The risk of gastrointestinal infectious diseases is moderate due to variable access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of quality providers. Close supervision of medical care. Certain conditions may require evacuation. \| \| \| VARIABLE MEDICAL RISK Significant variation of travel medical risk: Quality medical care, medications, emergency services, and dental care are available from selected providers in major cities. Elsewhere: availability of these services may be limited. Similarly, exposure to food, water-borne or potentially life-threatening infectious diseases may vary. \| \| \| HIGH MEDICAL RISK Basic emergency services, medical and dental care may be available. Specialist care may be limited even in major cities. A wide range of quality prescription drugs may not be available. Infectious diseases linked to lack of access to quality sanitation and drinking water sources may be common. Communicable diseases may feature in the leading causes of mortality. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. Conditions requiring hospitalisation may require international evacuation. \| \| \| VERY HIGH MEDICAL RISK Healthcare is almost non-existent or severely overtaxed. There may be very limited or no primary care, emergency care or dental services. Quality prescription drugs are frequently unavailable. Outbreaks of food and waterborne diseases linked to limited quality sanitation, such as cholera, and other communicable diseases may be common. Medical assistance commonly required for travellers: Selection of best care available. Close supervision of medical care. Transfer to a higher quality facility. All but minor health issues may require international evacuation \| ## SECURITY RISK RATING DEFINITIONS* Security risk ratings evaluate the risk posed to workforce by a range of threats. The rating considers risks from conflict, terrorism/insurgency/militancy, political violence, social unrest (including sectarian, communal and ethnic violence, and industrial action) as well as violent and petty crime. Additionally, the rating accounts for the robustness of infrastructure, governance and the effectiveness of the security services to mitigate risks. The impact of natural disasters and local response capabilities are also considered where disasters are of sufficient magnitude to impact the overall risk environment. \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| \| INSIGNIFICANT SECURITY RISK Rates of violent crime are very low. There is no significant political violence or social unrest and little sectarian, communal, racial or targeted violence against foreign nationals. Security and emergency services are effective and infrastructure is adequate. Transport services are of a high standard with good safety records and only occasional travel disruption. Industrial action affecting essential services is rare. Natural disasters are rare, or their impact is minimal. \| \| \| LOW SECURITY RISK Violent crime rates are low and racial, sectarian or political violence is uncommon. Protests may take place but do not regularly involve acts of violence. In locations where terrorism is a threat, groups have limited operational capabilities, and attacks are rare or generally small in scale. Security and emergency services are effective, and infrastructure is adequate. Industrial action and transport disruption do occur but are typically resolved swiftly. Natural disasters may occur with warning and robust support is available to respond. \| \| \| MEDIUM SECURITY RISK Underlying conditions can lead to periodic, short-lived escalation of security environment. Political unrest, violent protests, insurgency and/or sporadic acts of terrorism can occur. Workforce may face risk from communal, sectarian or racial violence and violent crime. Capacity of security, emergency services and infrastructure varies. Industrial action can disrupt travel or essential services for extended periods. Natural disasters may occur with some warning and support available to respond. \| \| \| HIGH SECURITY RISK Volatile security environment and limited infrastructure make key and/or large parts of the country or territory inaccessible or off-limits. Protests are frequently violent and may target foreign nationals; they may be exacerbated by governance issues, and law and order capacity. Violent crime and/or terrorism pose significant direct or incidental risks to workforce. Communal, sectarian or racial violence is common, and foreign nationals may be directly targeted or otherwise affected. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little support available to respond. \| \| \| EXTREME SECURITY RISK Government control and law and order may be minimal or non-existent. Armed groups often target foreign nationals and local workforce, or there is a consistent risk of incidental targeting due to the indiscriminate use of force. Government and transport services are barely functional. Access to essential services such as power, telecommunications and/or health services is routinely challenging. Natural disasters may be frequent and impactful with little or no support available to respond. \|
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