🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 116 (from laksa056)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa116.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insomnia\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insomnia\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/insomnia","crawl_time":1776722437,"first_indexed_time":1554679212,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,hopkinsmedicine!www,\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/insomnia s443","src_root_hash":"4754538707639265316","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Insomnia | Johns Hopkins Medicine","meta_descriptions":["Insomnia is trouble falling to sleep or staying asleep. One in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Sleep\nAging and Sleep\nSleep Conditions\nWhat is insomnia?\nYou’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried.\nWhen you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later.\nInsomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer.\nInsomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep. \nWomen are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include:\nShift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules\nChanges in sleep patterns and health with older age\nPeople who have a history of depression\nPeople who don't get much physical activity\nSeven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep\nAround 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help.\nWhat causes insomnia?\nInsomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these:\nMedicines that interfere with sleep\nDietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day\nStressful thoughts\nDepression\nRecent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one\nHormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause\nBedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep\nSleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea\nChronic pain\nMedical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma\nSubstances like alcohol and nicotine\nTravel, especially between time zones\nWhat are the symptoms of insomnia?\nThese are common symptoms of insomnia:\nFrustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep\nPhysical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches\nImpaired performance at work\nDaytime drowsiness or low energy\nTrouble paying attention\nAnxiety\nTension and irritability\nDepression and mood swings\nHow is insomnia diagnosed?\nYou may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns.\nThe process of making a diagnosis may include:\nYour health history. \nYour healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia.\nYour sleep history. \nBe prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early.\nPhysical exam. \nThe provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems.\nSleep study\n. \nYou may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep.\nHow is insomnia treated?\nYou have many choices for treatment:\nChange in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep\nBetter-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene\nChange in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem\nCounseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you\nMedicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults\nThe exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia. \nWhat are possible complications of insomnia?\nInsomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to:\nIncreased risk for\nheart disease\nIncreased risk for\nstroke\nIncreased risk for\ndiabetes\nExcessive weight gain or\nobesity\nDepression\nIncreased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy\nKey points about insomnia\nInsomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men.\nInsomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia.\nCommon symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety.\nDiagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep.\nNext steps\nTips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider:\nKnow the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.\nBefore your visit, write down questions you want answered.\nBring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you.\nAt the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you.\nKnow why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported.\nAsk if your condition can be treated in other ways.\nKnow why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.\nKnow what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure.\nIf you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.\nKnow how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to Main Content](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/insomnia#skip)\n\n[![Johns Hopkins Medicine](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/hopkins-medicine-logo-white-header.svg?iar=0&hash=C6173D209DB591FDF4EFE00B18C2FFE4)](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/)\n\nJohns Hopkins Medicine  Menu\n\n- [Health](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health)\n- [School of Medicine](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/som)\n- [Johns Hopkins Medicine Home](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/)\n- [About](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/about)\n- [Patient Care](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care)\n- [Research](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/research)\n\n- [MyChart](https:\/\/mychart.hopkinsmedicine.org\/)\n- [Schedule an Appointment](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/johns-hopkins-medicine-request-appointment)\n- [Find a Doctor](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/profiles)\n- [Find a Clinical Trial](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/clinical-trials)\n- [Pay Your Bill](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/billing-insurance\/pay-bill)\n- [Employment](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/employment)\n\nClose\n\nSearch\n\nClose\n\n[MyChart Login MyChart](https:\/\/mychart.hopkinsmedicine.org\/)\n\n[Home](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/) [Health Home](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health) [Conditions and Diseases](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases)\n\n# Insomnia\n[Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep) [Aging and Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/aging-and-sleep) [Sleep Conditions](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep-conditions)\n\n## What is insomnia?\nYou’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried.\n\nWhen you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later.\n\nInsomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer.\n\nInsomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep.\n\nWomen are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include:\n\n- Shift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules\n- Changes in sleep patterns and health with older age\n- People who have a history of depression\n- People who don't get much physical activity\n\n## Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep\n![old man asleep in his bed](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/shortcodes\/sleep_640x440.jpg?h=300&iar=0&mh=300&mw=500&w=436&hash=205FDED98DDCEA96555A69EFC53EEBA7)\n\nAround 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help.\n\n[Read more](https:\/\/hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/healthy_aging\/healthy_body\/seven-ways-to-get-a-healthier-nights-sleep)\n\n## What causes insomnia?\nInsomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these:\n\n- Medicines that interfere with sleep\n- Dietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day\n- Stressful thoughts\n- Depression\n- Recent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one\n- Hormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause\n- Bedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep\n- Sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea\n- Chronic pain\n- Medical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma\n- Substances like alcohol and nicotine\n- Travel, especially between time zones\n## What are the symptoms of insomnia?\nThese are common symptoms of insomnia:\n\n- Frustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep\n- Physical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches\n- Impaired performance at work\n- Daytime drowsiness or low energy\n- Trouble paying attention\n- Anxiety\n- Tension and irritability\n- Depression and mood swings\n## How is insomnia diagnosed?\nYou may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns.\n\nThe process of making a diagnosis may include:\n\n- **Your health history.** Your healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia.\n- **Your sleep history.** Be prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early.\n- **Physical exam.** The provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems.\n- **[Sleep study](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/treatment-tests-and-therapies\/sleep-study).** You may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep.\n## How is insomnia treated?\nYou have many choices for treatment:\n\n- Change in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep\n- Better-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene\n- Change in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem\n- Counseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you\n- Medicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults\n\nThe exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia.\n\n## What are possible complications of insomnia?\nInsomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to:\n\n- Increased risk for [heart disease](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/coronary-heart-disease)\n- Increased risk for [stroke](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/stroke)\n- Increased risk for [diabetes](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/diabetes)\n- Excessive weight gain or [obesity](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/obesity)\n- Depression\n- Increased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy\n## Key points about insomnia\nInsomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men.\n\n- Insomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia.\n- Common symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety.\n- Diagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep.\n## Next steps\nTips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider:\n\n- Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.\n- Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.\n- Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you.\n- At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you.\n- Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported.\n- Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.\n- Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.\n- Know what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure.\n- If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.\n- Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends.\n\n## Find a Doctor\nSpecializing In:\n\n- [Snoring Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Snoring+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n- [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Sleep+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n- [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Circadian+Rhythm+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n\n## Find a Treatment Center\n- [Center for Sleep and Wellness](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/howard_county_general_hospital\/services\/sleep-wellness-center.html)\n- [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins Children's Center)](http:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/johns-hopkins-childrens-center\/what-we-treat\/specialties\/sleep-center\/)\n\n- [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital)](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/all-childrens-hospital\/services\/sleep-studies)\n\nSee More\n\nFind Additional Treatment Centers at:\n\n- [Howard County Medical Center](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/johns-hopkins-howard-county)\n- [Sibley Memorial Hospital](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/sibley-memorial-hospital)\n- [Suburban Hospital](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/suburban-hospital)\n\n## Related\n![Stressed woman in bed](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/health\/1_-conditions\/sleep-apnea\/stressed-woman-in-bed-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&w=380&hash=47395B0BBE9CDF4EEDBB509FF3A5744F)\n\n- [Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/obstructive-sleep-apnea)\n- [Do Sleep Trackers Really Work?](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/do-sleep-trackers-really-work)\n- [4 Signs You Might Have Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/4-signs-you-might-have-sleep-apnea)\n- [Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/seven-ways-to-get-a-healthier-nights-sleep)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/project\/jhm\/icons\/jhmcalendar.svg?iar=0&hash=9758E8BED5D3E0BEC4202D7B92AC5624)\n\n## Request an Appointment\n[Find a Doctor](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/profiles)\n\n- [410-955-5000](tel:410-955-5000) Maryland\n- [855-695-4872](tel:855-695-4872) Outside of Maryland\n- [\\+1-410-502-7683](tel:+1-410-502-7683) International\n\n[Find a Doctor](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/profiles)\n\nSee More\n\n## Find a Doctor\nSpecializing In:\n\n- [Snoring Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Snoring+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n- [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Sleep+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n- [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https:\/\/profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org\/search?unified=\"Circadian+Rhythm+Disorders\"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best)\n\n## Find a Treatment Center\n- [Center for Sleep and Wellness](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/howard_county_general_hospital\/services\/sleep-wellness-center.html)\n- [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins Children's Center)](http:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/johns-hopkins-childrens-center\/what-we-treat\/specialties\/sleep-center\/)\n\n- [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital)](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/all-childrens-hospital\/services\/sleep-studies)\n\nSee More\n\nFind Additional Treatment Centers at:\n\n- [Howard County Medical Center](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/johns-hopkins-howard-county)\n- [Sibley Memorial Hospital](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/sibley-memorial-hospital)\n- [Suburban Hospital](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/suburban-hospital)\n\n## Related\n- [![Stressed woman in bed](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/health\/1_-conditions\/sleep-apnea\/stressed-woman-in-bed-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=94130A0500502B75CCE819905602E2BA) Airway Obstruction Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/obstructive-sleep-apnea)\n- [![A person sleeping with a smart watch tracking their sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/health\/3_-wellness\/sleep\/smart-watch-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=6A01D5663346F35F3860136C4FEB7A1E) Sleep Better Do Sleep Trackers Really Work?](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/do-sleep-trackers-really-work)\n- [![young man snoring in bed](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/health\/1_-conditions\/sleep-apnea\/sleep-apnea-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=BB398673E8E6571FA9039B91843BCD82) Sleep 4 Signs You Might Have Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/4-signs-you-might-have-sleep-apnea)\n\n## Related Topics\n- [Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep)\n- [Aging and Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/aging-and-sleep)\n- [Sleep Conditions](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep-conditions)\n\n## [![Johns Hopkins Medicine](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/hopkins-nav-logo.svg)](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/)\nLanguage Assistance Available:\n\n- [Español](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#spanish)\n- [አማርኛ](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#amharic)\n- [繁體中文](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#chinese)\n- [Français](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#french)\n- [Tagalog](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#tagalog)\n- [Русский](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/patient-care\/patients-visitors\/language-assistance-services#russian)\n- 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All rights reserved.","attrs_readable_markdown":"[Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep) [Aging and Sleep](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/aging-and-sleep) [Sleep Conditions](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/wellness-and-prevention\/sleep-conditions)\n\n## What is insomnia?\nYou’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried.\n\nWhen you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later.\n\nInsomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer.\n\nInsomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep.\n\nWomen are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include:\n\n- Shift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules\n- Changes in sleep patterns and health with older age\n- People who have a history of depression\n- People who don't get much physical activity\n\n## Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep\n![old man asleep in his bed](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/-\/media\/images\/shortcodes\/sleep_640x440.jpg?h=300&iar=0&mh=300&mw=500&w=436&hash=205FDED98DDCEA96555A69EFC53EEBA7)\n\nAround 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help.\n\n## What causes insomnia?\nInsomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these:\n\n- Medicines that interfere with sleep\n- Dietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day\n- Stressful thoughts\n- Depression\n- Recent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one\n- Hormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause\n- Bedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep\n- Sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea\n- Chronic pain\n- Medical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma\n- Substances like alcohol and nicotine\n- Travel, especially between time zones\n## What are the symptoms of insomnia?\nThese are common symptoms of insomnia:\n\n- Frustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep\n- Physical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches\n- Impaired performance at work\n- Daytime drowsiness or low energy\n- Trouble paying attention\n- Anxiety\n- Tension and irritability\n- Depression and mood swings\n## How is insomnia diagnosed?\nYou may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns.\n\nThe process of making a diagnosis may include:\n\n- **Your health history.** Your healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia.\n- **Your sleep history.** Be prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early.\n- **Physical exam.** The provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems.\n- **[Sleep study](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/treatment-tests-and-therapies\/sleep-study).** You may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep.\n## How is insomnia treated?\nYou have many choices for treatment:\n\n- Change in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep\n- Better-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene\n- Change in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem\n- Counseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you\n- Medicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults\n\nThe exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia.\n\n## What are possible complications of insomnia?\nInsomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to:\n\n- Increased risk for [heart disease](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/coronary-heart-disease)\n- Increased risk for [stroke](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/stroke)\n- Increased risk for [diabetes](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/diabetes)\n- Excessive weight gain or [obesity](https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/obesity)\n- Depression\n- Increased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy\n## Key points about insomnia\nInsomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men.\n\n- Insomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia.\n- Common symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety.\n- Diagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep.\n## Next steps\nTips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider:\n\n- Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.\n- Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.\n- Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you.\n- At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you.\n- Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported.\n- Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.\n- Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.\n- Know what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure.\n- If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.\n- Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insomnia
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Meta Title	Insomnia \| Johns Hopkins Medicine
Meta Description	Insomnia is trouble falling to sleep or staying asleep. One in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Sleep Aging and Sleep Sleep Conditions What is insomnia? You’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried. When you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later. Insomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer. Insomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include: Shift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules Changes in sleep patterns and health with older age People who have a history of depression People who don't get much physical activity Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep Around 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help. What causes insomnia? Insomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these: Medicines that interfere with sleep Dietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day Stressful thoughts Depression Recent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one Hormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause Bedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep Sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea Chronic pain Medical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma Substances like alcohol and nicotine Travel, especially between time zones What are the symptoms of insomnia? These are common symptoms of insomnia: Frustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep Physical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches Impaired performance at work Daytime drowsiness or low energy Trouble paying attention Anxiety Tension and irritability Depression and mood swings How is insomnia diagnosed? You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns. The process of making a diagnosis may include: Your health history. Your healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia. Your sleep history. Be prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early. Physical exam. The provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems. Sleep study . You may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep. How is insomnia treated? You have many choices for treatment: Change in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep Better-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene Change in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem Counseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you Medicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults The exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia. What are possible complications of insomnia? Insomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to: Increased risk for heart disease Increased risk for stroke Increased risk for diabetes Excessive weight gain or obesity Depression Increased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy Key points about insomnia Insomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. Insomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. Common symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety. Diagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep. Next steps Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider: Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen. Before your visit, write down questions you want answered. Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you. At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you. Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported. Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways. Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean. Know what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure. If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit. Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends.
Markdown	[Skip to Main Content](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insomnia#skip) [![Johns Hopkins Medicine](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/hopkins-medicine-logo-white-header.svg?iar=0&hash=C6173D209DB591FDF4EFE00B18C2FFE4)](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/) Johns Hopkins Medicine Menu - [Health](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health) - [School of Medicine](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/som) - [Johns Hopkins Medicine Home](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/) - [About](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about) - [Patient Care](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/patient-care) - [Research](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/research) - [MyChart](https://mychart.hopkinsmedicine.org/) - [Schedule an Appointment](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/patient-care/johns-hopkins-medicine-request-appointment) - [Find a Doctor](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles) - [Find a Clinical Trial](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/clinical-trials) - [Pay Your Bill](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/patient-care/patients-visitors/billing-insurance/pay-bill) - [Employment](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/employment) Close Search Close [MyChart Login MyChart](https://mychart.hopkinsmedicine.org/) [Home](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/) [Health Home](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health) [Conditions and Diseases](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases) # Insomnia [Sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/sleep) [Aging and Sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/aging-and-sleep) [Sleep Conditions](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/sleep-conditions) ## What is insomnia? You’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried. When you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later. Insomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer. Insomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include: - Shift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules - Changes in sleep patterns and health with older age - People who have a history of depression - People who don't get much physical activity ## Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep ![old man asleep in his bed](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/shortcodes/sleep_640x440.jpg?h=300&iar=0&mh=300&mw=500&w=436&hash=205FDED98DDCEA96555A69EFC53EEBA7) Around 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help. [Read more](https://hopkinsmedicine.org/health/healthy_aging/healthy_body/seven-ways-to-get-a-healthier-nights-sleep) ## What causes insomnia? Insomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these: - Medicines that interfere with sleep - Dietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day - Stressful thoughts - Depression - Recent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one - Hormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause - Bedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep - Sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea - Chronic pain - Medical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma - Substances like alcohol and nicotine - Travel, especially between time zones ## What are the symptoms of insomnia? These are common symptoms of insomnia: - Frustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep - Physical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches - Impaired performance at work - Daytime drowsiness or low energy - Trouble paying attention - Anxiety - Tension and irritability - Depression and mood swings ## How is insomnia diagnosed? You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns. The process of making a diagnosis may include: - Your health history. Your healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia. - Your sleep history. Be prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early. - Physical exam. The provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems. - [Sleep study](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/sleep-study). You may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep. ## How is insomnia treated? You have many choices for treatment: - Change in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep - Better-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene - Change in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem - Counseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you - Medicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults The exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia. ## What are possible complications of insomnia? Insomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to: - Increased risk for [heart disease](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coronary-heart-disease) - Increased risk for [stroke](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/stroke) - Increased risk for [diabetes](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/diabetes) - Excessive weight gain or [obesity](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/obesity) - Depression - Increased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy ## Key points about insomnia Insomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. - Insomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. - Common symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety. - Diagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep. ## Next steps Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider: - Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen. - Before your visit, write down questions you want answered. - Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you. - At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you. - Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported. - Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways. - Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean. - Know what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure. - If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit. - Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends. ## Find a Doctor Specializing In: - [Snoring Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Snoring+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) - [Sleep Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Sleep+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) - [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Circadian+Rhythm+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) ## Find a Treatment Center - [Center for Sleep and Wellness](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/howard_county_general_hospital/services/sleep-wellness-center.html) - [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins Children's Center)](http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/johns-hopkins-childrens-center/what-we-treat/specialties/sleep-center/) - [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital)](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/all-childrens-hospital/services/sleep-studies) See More Find Additional Treatment Centers at: - [Howard County Medical Center](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/johns-hopkins-howard-county) - [Sibley Memorial Hospital](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/sibley-memorial-hospital) - [Suburban Hospital](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/suburban-hospital) ## Related ![Stressed woman in bed](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/health/1_-conditions/sleep-apnea/stressed-woman-in-bed-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&w=380&hash=47395B0BBE9CDF4EEDBB509FF3A5744F) - [Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/obstructive-sleep-apnea) - [Do Sleep Trackers Really Work?](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/do-sleep-trackers-really-work) - [4 Signs You Might Have Sleep Apnea](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/4-signs-you-might-have-sleep-apnea) - [Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/seven-ways-to-get-a-healthier-nights-sleep) ![](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/project/jhm/icons/jhmcalendar.svg?iar=0&hash=9758E8BED5D3E0BEC4202D7B92AC5624) ## Request an Appointment [Find a Doctor](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles) - [410-955-5000](tel:410-955-5000) Maryland - [855-695-4872](tel:855-695-4872) Outside of Maryland - [\+1-410-502-7683](tel:+1-410-502-7683) International [Find a Doctor](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles) See More ## Find a Doctor Specializing In: - [Snoring Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Snoring+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) - [Sleep Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Sleep+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) - [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/search?unified="Circadian+Rhythm+Disorders"&sort=networks%2Crelevance%2Cavailability_density_best) ## Find a Treatment Center - [Center for Sleep and Wellness](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/howard_county_general_hospital/services/sleep-wellness-center.html) - [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins Children's Center)](http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/johns-hopkins-childrens-center/what-we-treat/specialties/sleep-center/) - [Pediatric Sleep Center (Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital)](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/all-childrens-hospital/services/sleep-studies) See More Find Additional Treatment Centers at: - [Howard County Medical Center](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/johns-hopkins-howard-county) - [Sibley Memorial Hospital](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/sibley-memorial-hospital) - [Suburban Hospital](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/suburban-hospital) ## Related - [![Stressed woman in bed](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/health/1_-conditions/sleep-apnea/stressed-woman-in-bed-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=94130A0500502B75CCE819905602E2BA) Airway Obstruction Obstructive Sleep Apnea](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/obstructive-sleep-apnea) - [![A person sleeping with a smart watch tracking their sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/health/3_-wellness/sleep/smart-watch-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=6A01D5663346F35F3860136C4FEB7A1E) Sleep Better Do Sleep Trackers Really Work?](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/do-sleep-trackers-really-work) - [![young man snoring in bed](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/health/1_-conditions/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea-teaser.jpg?h=217&iar=0&mh=260&mw=380&w=380&hash=BB398673E8E6571FA9039B91843BCD82) Sleep 4 Signs You Might Have Sleep Apnea](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/4-signs-you-might-have-sleep-apnea) ## Related Topics - 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Readable Markdown	[Sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/sleep) [Aging and Sleep](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/aging-and-sleep) [Sleep Conditions](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/sleep-conditions) ## What is insomnia? You’ve likely had nights when you couldn’t fall asleep, no matter how desperately you tried. When you can't sleep, the ticking of the clock only reminds you of your exhaustion and the endless hours until morning. And perhaps you finally drop off around dawn, only to be jarred awake by the alarm an hour later. Insomnia means having trouble sleeping at night, staying asleep, or both. It's one of the most common sleep disorders. Episodes of insomnia that last a few days at a time are called short-term (acute) insomnia. Ongoing (chronic) insomnia is often diagnosed when you have ongoing problems with sleep. There are many different definitions for chronic insomnia. A commonly accepted one is insomnia that occurs more than 3 nights a week for at least 3 months or that lasts for a month or longer. Insomnia affects people in different ways. If you suffer from it, you may not be able to go to sleep or you may not be able to stay asleep. You might constantly wake up earlier than you would like, perhaps in the wee hours of the morning, and find yourself unable to go back to sleep. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. Possible risk factors may include: - Shift workers, who don't have consistent sleep schedules - Changes in sleep patterns and health with older age - People who have a history of depression - People who don't get much physical activity ## Seven Ways to Get a Healthier Night's Sleep ![old man asleep in his bed](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/-/media/images/shortcodes/sleep_640x440.jpg?h=300&iar=0&mh=300&mw=500&w=436&hash=205FDED98DDCEA96555A69EFC53EEBA7) Around 18 million Americans fail to get a good night's sleep.If you or someone you love is among them, these research findings and expert insights could help you figure out what’s holding you back and what can help. ## What causes insomnia? Insomnia has many possible causes. They may include any or all of these: - Medicines that interfere with sleep - Dietary choices that interfere with sleep, such as having caffeine late in the day - Stressful thoughts - Depression - Recent upheavals in your life, such as moving, job loss, divorce, or death of a loved one - Hormone changes, such as those accompanying menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause - Bedtime habits that don't lead to restful sleep - Sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea - Chronic pain - Medical conditions, such as acid reflux, thyroid problems, stroke, or asthma - Substances like alcohol and nicotine - Travel, especially between time zones ## What are the symptoms of insomnia? These are common symptoms of insomnia: - Frustration and preoccupation with your lack of sleep - Physical aches and pains, such as headaches and stomachaches - Impaired performance at work - Daytime drowsiness or low energy - Trouble paying attention - Anxiety - Tension and irritability - Depression and mood swings ## How is insomnia diagnosed? You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. It will be helpful to bring a record of your sleep patterns. The process of making a diagnosis may include: - Your health history. Your healthcare provider will consider any health conditions, medicines you're taking, and stressful life changes that could be causing insomnia. - Your sleep history. Be prepared to describe your insomnia with details, such as how long it's been going on, what you think could be contributing to it, and what your sleep is like, such as whether you can barely get to sleep at all or if you wake up too early. - Physical exam. The provider will look for any physical reasons that could be causing sleep problems. - [Sleep study](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/sleep-study). You may need to sleep overnight in a sleep lab where researchers keep track of your sleep. ## How is insomnia treated? You have many choices for treatment: - Change in lifestyle choices that may interfere with sleep - Better-sleep bedtime habits, called sleep hygiene - Change in existing medicine if that's what's causing the problem - Counseling to help relieve stress and other issues bothering you - Medicines to help you get to sleep and stay asleep. These are used with caution, especially for older adults The exact course will depend on what your healthcare provider identifies as the possible causes of your insomnia. ## What are possible complications of insomnia? Insomnia can have serious complications. Poor sleep quality is linked to: - Increased risk for [heart disease](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coronary-heart-disease) - Increased risk for [stroke](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/stroke) - Increased risk for [diabetes](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/diabetes) - Excessive weight gain or [obesity](https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/obesity) - Depression - Increased risk for injury to yourself or others, such as a car accident caused by driving while drowsy ## Key points about insomnia Insomnia, the term for having trouble sleeping at night, is one of the most common sleep complaints. About 1 in 3 adults has bouts of insomnia that last a few days at a time. Women are more likely to have insomnia than men. - Insomnia has many possible causes. You may need to see a sleep medicine specialist to find out what's causing your insomnia. - Common symptoms of insomnia include impaired work performance, daytime drowsiness or low energy, difficulty paying attention, depression, and anxiety. - Diagnosis may include a sleep study in which a sleep specialist keeps track of your sleep. ## Next steps Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your provider: - Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen. - Before your visit, write down questions you want answered. - Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you. - At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you. - Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are and when they should be reported. - Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways. - Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean. - Know what to expect if you don't take the medicine or have the test or procedure. - If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit. - Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions, especially after office hours or on weekends.
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