🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 98 (from laksa001)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa098.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection","crawl_time":1770583705,"first_indexed_time":1555087382,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,healthline!www,\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection s443","src_root_hash":"11478817528691466898","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Lung Infection: Symptoms, Pneumonia, and Causes","meta_descriptions":["A lung infection can be caused by bacteria, a virus, or a fungus. Learn the symptoms of different types of lung infections and how doctors treat them."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"A lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment.\nA lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections.\nOne of the most common lung infections is\npneumonia\n. Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious\nbacteria\nbut can also be caused by a virus or fungus.\nYou can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs.\nRead on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one.\nA lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus.\nWhen the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as\nbronchitis\n. Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria.\nViruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called\nbronchiolitis\n. Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants.\nLung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as\nchronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)\n.\nThe symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or\nfungus\n.\nThe symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer.\nIf you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect:\nCough that produces thick mucus\nCoughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood.\nWith bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including:\nclear\nwhite\ngreen\nyellowish gray\nA cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved.\nStabbing chest pains\nChest pain\ncaused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back.\nFever\nA\nfever\noccurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C).\nIf you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C).\nAny high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as:\nsweating\nchills\nmuscle aches\ndehydration\nheadache\nweakness\nYou should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days.\nBody aches\nYour muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and\nmuscle aches\nwhen you have an infection.\nRunny nose\nA runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis.\nShortness of breath\nShortness of breath\nmeans that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing.\nFatigue\nYou’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time.\nWheezing\nWhen you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation.\nBluish appearance of your skin or lips\nYour lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen.\nCrackling or rattling sounds in your lungs\nOne of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as\nbibasilar crackles\n. A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope.\nViruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections.\nCommon types of lung infections may include:\npneumonia\nbronchitis\nbronchiolitis\nMore rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include:\nPneumocystis jirovecii\nAspergillus\nHistoplasma capsulatum\nCertain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia.\nBut other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America.\nPneumonia\nPneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.\nbacteria such as\nStreptococcus pneumonia\n(most common),\nHaemophilus influenzae\n, and\nMycoplasma pneumoniae\nviruses such as the influenza virus or\nrespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)\nor severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes\ncoronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)\nDoctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of\ndrug-resistant pathogens\n. They include:\nCommunity-acquired pneumonia:\nIf someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia.\nHealthcare-associated pneumonia:\nThis type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay.\nVentilator-associated pneumonia:\nWhen someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia.\nVaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia.\nIf you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause.\nBronchitis\nBronchitis\noccurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs.\nBronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis.\nCauses of bronchitis can include:\nthe\ninfluenza\nvirus\nRSV\nbacteria such as:\nMycoplasma pneumoniae\nChlamydia pneumoniae\nBordetella pertussis\nBronchiolitis\nBronchiolitis\noccurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing.\nRSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children.\nA doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals.\nA doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds.\nCommon ways to diagnose a lung infection can include:\nimaging, such as a\nchest X-ray\nor\nCT scan\nspirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath\npulse oximetry\nto measure the level of oxygen in your blood\ntaking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing\nthroat swab\ncomplete blood count\nblood culture\nA bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up.\nA fungal lung infection may require treatment with an\nantifungal medication\n, such as ketoconazole or voriconazole.\nAntibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own.\nIn the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies:\ntake acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever\ndrink lots of water\ntry hot tea with honey or ginger\ngargle salt water\nrest as much as possible\nuse a humidifier to create moisture in the air\ntake any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone\nFor more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and\nrespiratory therapy\nif you’re having difficulty breathing.\nLung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our\nHealthline FindCare tool\n.\nA fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines:\nInfants\nSee a doctor if your infant is:\nyounger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C)\nbetween 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable\nbetween 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours\nChildren\nSee a doctor if your child:\nhas a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C)\nis restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache\nhas had a fever for more than 3 days\nhas a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\nhas recently been to a developing country\nAdults\nYou should make an appointment to see a doctor if you:\nhave a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C)\nhave had a fever for more than 3 days\nhave a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\nhave recently been to a developing country\nYou should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms:\nmental confusion\ntrouble breathing\nstiff neck\nchest pain\nseizures\npersistent vomiting\nunusual skin rash\nhallucinations\ninconsolable crying in children\nIf you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away.\nNot all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips:\nwash your hands regularly\navoid touching your face or mouth\navoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people\navoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread\navoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke\nget a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection\nget vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups)\nFor those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.\nHealthcare professionals\nrecommend\nthese vaccines for:\ninfants\nolder adults\npeople who smoke\nthose with chronic health conditions\nA lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer.\nYour immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections.\nSee a doctor right away if you have:\ndifficulty breathing\na bluish color in your lips or fingertips\nsevere chest pain\na high fever\ncough with mucus that’s getting worse\nPeople older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  ### Health Conditions\n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n  \n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/cancer-care)\n  - [Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/alzheimers-disease)\n  - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/ckd)\n  - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/copd)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/digestive-health)\n  - 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Join Bezzy on the web or mobile app.\n  \n  [All](https:\/\/www.bezzy.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=nav-bar-connections)\n  \n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bezzy-Breast-Cancer.png) Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.bezzybc.com\/lp\/2\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bezzy-Multiple-Sclerosis.png) Multiple Sclerosis](https:\/\/www.bezzyms.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bezzy-DEP-Icon-Circle.png) Depression](https:\/\/www.bezzydepression.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bezzy-MIG-Icon-Circle.png) Migraine](https:\/\/www.bezzymigraine.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Bezzy-T2D-Icon-Circle.png) Type 2 Diabetes](https:\/\/www.bezzyt2d.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Bezzy-PsO.png) Psoriasis](https:\/\/www.bezzypsoriasis.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  \n  ### Follow us on social media\n  Can't get enough? Connect with us for all things health.\n\nSubscribe\n\n[Skin Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare)\n\n- [Your Skin](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/skin-youre-in)\n- [Science](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/skin-science)\n- [Ingredients](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/ingredients)\n- [Routine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/build-your-routine)\n- [Acne](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/acne)\n- [Conditions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/conditions-and-concerns)\n- [Procedures](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/procedures)\n- [Products](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/products)\n- [Sun Protection](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/sun-protection)\n- [Natural](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/natural-and-diy)\n- [Hair & Nails](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/skincare\/hair-and-nails)\n\n# 10 Symptoms of a Lung Infection\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Adithya-Cattamanchi-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Adithya Cattamanchi, M.D.]() — Written by [Jacquelyn Cafasso]() —  [Updated on December 8, 2022]()\n\n- [Definition](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#definition)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#symptoms)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#causes)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#diagnosis)\n- [Treatments](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#treatments)\n- [When to see a doctor](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#when-to-see-a-doctor)\n- [Prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#prevention)\n- [Takeaway](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/symptoms-of-lung-infection#takeaway)\n\nA lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment.\n\nA lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections.\n\nOne of the most common lung infections is [pneumonia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/pneumonia). Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious [bacteria](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia) but can also be caused by a virus or fungus.\n\nYou can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs.\n\nRead on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one.\n\n## [What is a lung infection?]()\nA lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus.\n\nWhen the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as [bronchitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchitis). Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria.\n\nViruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called [bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis). Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants.\n\nLung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/copd).\n\n## [Symptoms]()\nThe symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or [fungus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fungal-infection).\n\nThe symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer.\n\nIf you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect:\n\n### Cough that produces thick mucus\nCoughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood.\n\nWith bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including:\n\n- clear\n- white\n- green\n- yellowish gray\n\nA cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved.\n\n### Stabbing chest pains\n[Chest pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chest-pain) caused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back.\n\n### Fever\nA [fever](http:\/\/healthline.com\/symptom\/fever) occurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C).\n\nIf you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C).\n\nAny high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as:\n\n- sweating\n- [chills](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chills)\n- muscle aches\n- dehydration\n- [headache](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/headache)\n- weakness\n\nYou should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days.\n\n### Body aches\nYour muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and [muscle aches](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/muscle-aches) when you have an infection.\n\n### Runny nose\nA runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis.\n\n### Shortness of breath\n[Shortness of breath](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like) means that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing.\n\n### Fatigue\nYou’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time.\n\n### Wheezing\nWhen you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation.\n\n### Bluish appearance of your skin or lips\nYour lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen.\n\n### Crackling or rattling sounds in your lungs\nOne of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as [bibasilar crackles](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bibasilar-crackles). A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope.\n\n## [Causes]()\nViruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections.\n\nCommon types of lung infections may include:\n\n- pneumonia\n- bronchitis\n- bronchiolitis\n\nMore rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include:\n\n- *Pneumocystis jirovecii*\n- *[Aspergillus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/aspergillosis)*\n- *[Histoplasma capsulatum](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/histoplasmosis)*\n\nCertain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia.\n\nBut other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America.\n\n### Pneumonia\nPneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.\n\nCommon causes of pneumonia [can include](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/causes.html):\n\n- bacteria such as *Streptococcus pneumonia* (most common), *Haemophilus influenzae*, and *[Mycoplasma pneumoniae](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mycoplasma-pneumonia)*\n- viruses such as the influenza virus or [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rsv-test) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes [coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/coronavirus-pneumonia)\n\nDoctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of [drug-resistant pathogens](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/antibiotics\/antibiotic-resistance). They include:\n\n- **Community-acquired pneumonia:** If someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia.\n- **Healthcare-associated pneumonia:** This type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay.\n- **Ventilator-associated pneumonia:** When someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia.\n\nVaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia.\n\nIf you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause.\n\n### Bronchitis\n[Bronchitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchitis) occurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs.\n\nBronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis.\n\nCauses of bronchitis can include:\n\n- the [influenza](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cold-flu\/flu) virus\n- [RSV](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv)\n- bacteria such as:\n  - *Mycoplasma pneumoniae*\n  - *Chlamydia pneumoniae*\n  - *Bordetella pertussis*\n### Bronchiolitis\n[Bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis) occurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing.\n\nRSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children.\n\n## [Diagnosis]()\nA doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals.\n\nA doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds.\n\nCommon ways to diagnose a lung infection can include:\n\n- imaging, such as a [chest X-ray](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chest-x-ray) or [CT scan](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ct-scan)\n- spirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath\n- [pulse oximetry](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/pulse-oximetry) to measure the level of oxygen in your blood\n- taking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing\n- [throat swab](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/throat-swab-culture)\n- complete blood count\n- [blood culture](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/blood-culture)\n\n## [Treatments]()\nA bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up.\n\nA fungal lung infection may require treatment with an [antifungal medication](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fungal-infection\/antifungal), such as ketoconazole or voriconazole.\n\nAntibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own.\n\nIn the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies:\n\n- take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever\n- drink lots of water\n- try hot tea with honey or ginger\n- gargle salt water\n- rest as much as possible\n- use a humidifier to create moisture in the air\n- take any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone\n\nFor more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and [respiratory therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-is-a-respiratory-therapist) if you’re having difficulty breathing.\n\n## [When to see a doctor]()\nLung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our [Healthline FindCare tool](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/find-care).\n\nA fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines:\n\n### Infants\nSee a doctor if your infant is:\n\n- younger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C)\n- between 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable\n- between 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours\n### Children\nSee a doctor if your child:\n\n- has a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C)\n- is restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache\n- has had a fever for more than 3 days\n- has a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\n- has recently been to a developing country\n### Adults\nYou should make an appointment to see a doctor if you:\n\n- have a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C)\n- have had a fever for more than 3 days\n- have a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\n- have recently been to a developing country\n\nYou should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms:\n\n- mental confusion\n- trouble breathing\n- stiff neck\n- chest pain\n- seizures\n- persistent vomiting\n- unusual skin rash\n- hallucinations\n- inconsolable crying in children\n\nIf you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away.\n\n## [Prevention]()\nNot all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips:\n\n- wash your hands regularly\n- avoid touching your face or mouth\n- avoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people\n- avoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread\n- avoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke\n- get a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection\n- get vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups)\n\nFor those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.\n\nHealthcare professionals [recommend](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/prevention.html) these vaccines for:\n\n- infants\n- older adults\n- people who smoke\n- those with chronic health conditions\n\n## [The bottom line]()\nA lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer.\n\nYour immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections.\n\nSee a doctor right away if you have:\n\n- difficulty breathing\n- a bluish color in your lips or fingertips\n- severe chest pain\n- a high fever\n- cough with mucus that’s getting worse\n\nPeople older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection.\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nHistory\n\nHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/process).\n\n- Bronchitis. (n.d.).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/bronchitis>\n- Causes of pneumonia. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/causes.html>\n- Chest infections. (2020).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/chest-infection\/>\n- Definitions of symptoms for reportable illnesses. (2017).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/quarantine\/air\/reporting-deaths-illness\/definitions-symptoms-reportable-illnesses.html>\n- Pneumococcal vaccination. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/vpd\/pneumo\/index.html>\n- Pneumonia. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/index.html>\n- Pneumonia. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.lung.org\/lung-health-and-diseases\/lung-disease-lookup\/pneumonia\/>\n- Pneumonia can be prevented — Vaccines can help. (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/prevention.html>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Adithya-Cattamanchi-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Adithya Cattamanchi, M.D.]() — Written by [Jacquelyn Cafasso]() —  [Updated on December 8, 2022]()\n\n## related stories\n- [Bacterial Pneumonia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Overview of Bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Pediatricians Release Child Vaccine Recommendations That Break With CDC](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Pediatricians, Major Medical Groups Ignore RFK Jr.’s New Vaccine Schedule](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [U.S. May Lose Measles-Free Status Amid Outbreaks in South Carolina, Other States](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n### Read this next\n- [Bacterial Pneumonia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [How is bacterial pneumonia different from viral? What's the best way to treat pneumonia and prevent it from reoccurring?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Overview of Bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [E. Mimi Arquilla, DO](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Pediatricians Release Child Vaccine Recommendations That Break With CDC](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [The American Academy of Pediatrics has released new vaccine guidance, counteracting that of the CDC.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Pediatricians, Major Medical Groups Ignore RFK Jr.’s New Vaccine Schedule](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Pediatric medical professionals are pushing back against new CDC recommendations that implemented major changes to the childhood immunization schedule.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [U.S. May Lose Measles-Free Status Amid Outbreaks in South Carolina, Other States](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [The U.S. may lose its measles-free status, which it has held since 2000. Experts say vaccine hesitancy may be fueling measles outbreaks, most recently…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [HHS Overhauls Childhood Vaccine Schedule, Recommending Fewer Shots](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/new-cdc-childhood-vaccination-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [New CDC childhood vaccination guidelines reduce the number of primarily targeted diseases from 16 to what the Department of Health and Human Services…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/new-cdc-childhood-vaccination-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/new-cdc-childhood-vaccination-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Drugstore Nasal Spray May Cut COVID-19 Risk by 69%, Cold Risk by 71%](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/common-nasal-spray-may-prevent-covid-19-study?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Researchers say people using a common allergy nasal spray, azelastine, were 69% less likely to contract COVID-19. Participants in the trial were…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/common-nasal-spray-may-prevent-covid-19-study?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/common-nasal-spray-may-prevent-covid-19-study?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [CDC Panel Adds New Rules to Childhood Vaccine Schedule, COVID Shots](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/cdc-vaccine-panel-acip-new-vaccine-recommendations?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Acting CDC director Jim O'Neill recently called for the MMR vaccine to be distributed into three monovalent shots. In September, The CDC’s vaccine…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/cdc-vaccine-panel-acip-new-vaccine-recommendations?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/cdc-vaccine-panel-acip-new-vaccine-recommendations?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- ['Super Flu' Variant Spreads Across U.S. — Why It's Not Too Late to Get a Shot](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/flu-season-2025-influenza-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [A new flu variant of influenza A, or H3N2, has been nicknamed the \"super flu.\" Experts say that the new flu variant and low rates of flu vaccinations…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/flu-season-2025-influenza-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/flu-season-2025-influenza-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [FDA Approves New COVID Vaccines With Restrictions. Can You Get a Shot?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/updated-covid-19-vaccine-restrictions-fall-2025?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [The FDA approved updated COVID-19 shots for the fall, but federal health officials have changed their recommendations on who should receive them.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/updated-covid-19-vaccine-restrictions-fall-2025?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/updated-covid-19-vaccine-restrictions-fall-2025?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-policy)\n- [Privacy Settings](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-settings)\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/advertising-policy)\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n\n- [Sitemap](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/sitemap)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"A lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment.\n\nA lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections.\n\nOne of the most common lung infections is [pneumonia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/pneumonia). Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious [bacteria](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bacterial-pneumonia) but can also be caused by a virus or fungus.\n\nYou can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs.\n\nRead on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one.\n\nA lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus.\n\nWhen the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as [bronchitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchitis). Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria.\n\nViruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called [bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis). Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants.\n\nLung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/copd).\n\nThe symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or [fungus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fungal-infection).\n\nThe symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer.\n\nIf you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect:\n\nCough that produces thick mucus\n\nCoughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood.\n\nWith bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including:\n\n- clear\n- white\n- green\n- yellowish gray\n\nA cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved.\n\nStabbing chest pains\n\n[Chest pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chest-pain) caused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back.\n\nFever\n\nA [fever](http:\/\/healthline.com\/symptom\/fever) occurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C).\n\nIf you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C).\n\nAny high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as:\n\n- sweating\n- [chills](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chills)\n- muscle aches\n- dehydration\n- [headache](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/headache)\n- weakness\n\nYou should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days.\n\nBody aches\n\nYour muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and [muscle aches](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/muscle-aches) when you have an infection.\n\nRunny nose\n\nA runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis.\n\nShortness of breath\n\n[Shortness of breath](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like) means that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing.\n\nFatigue\n\nYou’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time.\n\nWheezing\n\nWhen you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation.\n\nBluish appearance of your skin or lips\n\nYour lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen.\n\nCrackling or rattling sounds in your lungs\n\nOne of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as [bibasilar crackles](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bibasilar-crackles). A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope.\n\nViruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections.\n\nCommon types of lung infections may include:\n\n- pneumonia\n- bronchitis\n- bronchiolitis\n\nMore rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include:\n\n- *Pneumocystis jirovecii*\n- *[Aspergillus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/aspergillosis)*\n- *[Histoplasma capsulatum](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/histoplasmosis)*\n\nCertain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia.\n\nBut other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America.\n\nPneumonia\n\nPneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.\n\n- bacteria such as *Streptococcus pneumonia* (most common), *Haemophilus influenzae*, and *[Mycoplasma pneumoniae](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mycoplasma-pneumonia)*\n- viruses such as the influenza virus or [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rsv-test) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes [coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/coronavirus-pneumonia)\n\nDoctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of [drug-resistant pathogens](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/antibiotics\/antibiotic-resistance). They include:\n\n- **Community-acquired pneumonia:** If someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia.\n- **Healthcare-associated pneumonia:** This type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay.\n- **Ventilator-associated pneumonia:** When someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia.\n\nVaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia.\n\nIf you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause.\n\nBronchitis\n\n[Bronchitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchitis) occurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs.\n\nBronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis.\n\nCauses of bronchitis can include:\n\n- the [influenza](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cold-flu\/flu) virus\n- [RSV](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv)\n- bacteria such as:\n  - *Mycoplasma pneumoniae*\n  - *Chlamydia pneumoniae*\n  - *Bordetella pertussis*\n\nBronchiolitis\n\n[Bronchiolitis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bronchiolitis) occurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing.\n\nRSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children.\n\nA doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals.\n\nA doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds.\n\nCommon ways to diagnose a lung infection can include:\n\n- imaging, such as a [chest X-ray](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/chest-x-ray) or [CT scan](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ct-scan)\n- spirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath\n- [pulse oximetry](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/pulse-oximetry) to measure the level of oxygen in your blood\n- taking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing\n- [throat swab](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/throat-swab-culture)\n- complete blood count\n- [blood culture](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/blood-culture)\n\nA bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up.\n\nA fungal lung infection may require treatment with an [antifungal medication](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fungal-infection\/antifungal), such as ketoconazole or voriconazole.\n\nAntibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own.\n\nIn the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies:\n\n- take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever\n- drink lots of water\n- try hot tea with honey or ginger\n- gargle salt water\n- rest as much as possible\n- use a humidifier to create moisture in the air\n- take any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone\n\nFor more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and [respiratory therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-is-a-respiratory-therapist) if you’re having difficulty breathing.\n\nLung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our [Healthline FindCare tool](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/find-care).\n\nA fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines:\n\nInfants\n\nSee a doctor if your infant is:\n\n- younger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C)\n- between 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable\n- between 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours\n\nChildren\n\nSee a doctor if your child:\n\n- has a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C)\n- is restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache\n- has had a fever for more than 3 days\n- has a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\n- has recently been to a developing country\n\nAdults\n\nYou should make an appointment to see a doctor if you:\n\n- have a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C)\n- have had a fever for more than 3 days\n- have a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system\n- have recently been to a developing country\n\nYou should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms:\n\n- mental confusion\n- trouble breathing\n- stiff neck\n- chest pain\n- seizures\n- persistent vomiting\n- unusual skin rash\n- hallucinations\n- inconsolable crying in children\n\nIf you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away.\n\nNot all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips:\n\n- wash your hands regularly\n- avoid touching your face or mouth\n- avoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people\n- avoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread\n- avoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke\n- get a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection\n- get vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups)\n\nFor those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.\n\nHealthcare professionals [recommend](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pneumonia\/prevention.html) these vaccines for:\n\n- infants\n- older adults\n- people who smoke\n- those with chronic health conditions\n\nA lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer.\n\nYour immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections.\n\nSee a doctor right away if you have:\n\n- difficulty breathing\n- a bluish color in your lips or fingertips\n- severe chest pain\n- a high fever\n- cough with mucus that’s getting worse\n\nPeople older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection
Last Crawled	2026-02-08 20:48:25 (2 months ago)
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HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Lung Infection: Symptoms, Pneumonia, and Causes
Meta Description	A lung infection can be caused by bacteria, a virus, or a fungus. Learn the symptoms of different types of lung infections and how doctors treat them.
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Boilerpipe Text	A lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment. A lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections. One of the most common lung infections is pneumonia . Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious bacteria but can also be caused by a virus or fungus. You can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs. Read on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one. A lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus. When the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as bronchitis . Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria. Viruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called bronchiolitis . Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants. Lung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . The symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or fungus . The symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer. If you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect: Cough that produces thick mucus Coughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood. With bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including: clear white green yellowish gray A cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved. Stabbing chest pains Chest pain caused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back. Fever A fever occurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C). If you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C). Any high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as: sweating chills muscle aches dehydration headache weakness You should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days. Body aches Your muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and muscle aches when you have an infection. Runny nose A runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis. Shortness of breath Shortness of breath means that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing. Fatigue You’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time. Wheezing When you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation. Bluish appearance of your skin or lips Your lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen. Crackling or rattling sounds in your lungs One of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as bibasilar crackles . A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope. Viruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections. Common types of lung infections may include: pneumonia bronchitis bronchiolitis More rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include: Pneumocystis jirovecii Aspergillus Histoplasma capsulatum Certain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia. But other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America. Pneumonia Pneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumonia (most common), Haemophilus influenzae , and Mycoplasma pneumoniae viruses such as the influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) Doctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of drug-resistant pathogens . They include: Community-acquired pneumonia: If someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia. Healthcare-associated pneumonia: This type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: When someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia. Vaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia. If you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause. Bronchitis Bronchitis occurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs. Bronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis. Causes of bronchitis can include: the influenza virus RSV bacteria such as: Mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydia pneumoniae Bordetella pertussis Bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis occurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing. RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children. A doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals. A doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds. Common ways to diagnose a lung infection can include: imaging, such as a chest X-ray or CT scan spirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath pulse oximetry to measure the level of oxygen in your blood taking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing throat swab complete blood count blood culture A bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up. A fungal lung infection may require treatment with an antifungal medication , such as ketoconazole or voriconazole. Antibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own. In the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies: take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever drink lots of water try hot tea with honey or ginger gargle salt water rest as much as possible use a humidifier to create moisture in the air take any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone For more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and respiratory therapy if you’re having difficulty breathing. Lung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our Healthline FindCare tool . A fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines: Infants See a doctor if your infant is: younger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C) between 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable between 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours Children See a doctor if your child: has a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C) is restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache has had a fever for more than 3 days has a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system has recently been to a developing country Adults You should make an appointment to see a doctor if you: have a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C) have had a fever for more than 3 days have a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system have recently been to a developing country You should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms: mental confusion trouble breathing stiff neck chest pain seizures persistent vomiting unusual skin rash hallucinations inconsolable crying in children If you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away. Not all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips: wash your hands regularly avoid touching your face or mouth avoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people avoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread avoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke get a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection get vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups) For those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Healthcare professionals recommend these vaccines for: infants older adults people who smoke those with chronic health conditions A lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer. Your immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections. See a doctor right away if you have: difficulty breathing a bluish color in your lips or fingertips severe chest pain a high fever cough with mucus that’s getting worse People older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection.
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Subscribe [Skin Care](https://www.healthline.com/skincare) - [Your Skin](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/skin-youre-in) - [Science](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/skin-science) - [Ingredients](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/ingredients) - [Routine](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/build-your-routine) - [Acne](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/acne) - [Conditions](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/conditions-and-concerns) - [Procedures](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/procedures) - [Products](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/products) - [Sun Protection](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/sun-protection) - [Natural](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/natural-and-diy) - [Hair & Nails](https://www.healthline.com/skincare/hair-and-nails) # 10 Symptoms of a Lung Infection ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Adithya-Cattamanchi-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Adithya Cattamanchi, M.D.]() — Written by [Jacquelyn Cafasso]() — [Updated on December 8, 2022]() - [Definition](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#definition) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#symptoms) - [Causes](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#causes) - [Diagnosis](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#diagnosis) - [Treatments](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#treatments) - [When to see a doctor](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#when-to-see-a-doctor) - [Prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#prevention) - [Takeaway](https://www.healthline.com/health/symptoms-of-lung-infection#takeaway) A lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment. A lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections. One of the most common lung infections is [pneumonia](https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia). Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious [bacteria](https://www.healthline.com/health/bacterial-pneumonia) but can also be caused by a virus or fungus. You can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs. Read on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one. ## [What is a lung infection?]() A lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus. When the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as [bronchitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchitis). Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria. Viruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called [bronchiolitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis). Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants. Lung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)](https://www.healthline.com/health/copd). ## [Symptoms]() The symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or [fungus](https://www.healthline.com/health/fungal-infection). The symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer. If you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect: ### Cough that produces thick mucus Coughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood. With bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including: - clear - white - green - yellowish gray A cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved. ### Stabbing chest pains [Chest pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/chest-pain) caused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back. ### Fever A [fever](http://healthline.com/symptom/fever) occurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C). If you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C). Any high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as: - sweating - [chills](https://www.healthline.com/health/chills) - muscle aches - dehydration - [headache](https://www.healthline.com/health/headache) - weakness You should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days. ### Body aches Your muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and [muscle aches](https://www.healthline.com/health/muscle-aches) when you have an infection. ### Runny nose A runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis. ### Shortness of breath [Shortness of breath](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like) means that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing. ### Fatigue You’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time. ### Wheezing When you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation. ### Bluish appearance of your skin or lips Your lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen. ### Crackling or rattling sounds in your lungs One of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as [bibasilar crackles](https://www.healthline.com/health/bibasilar-crackles). A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope. ## [Causes]() Viruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections. Common types of lung infections may include: - pneumonia - bronchitis - bronchiolitis More rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include: - Pneumocystis jirovecii - [Aspergillus](https://www.healthline.com/health/aspergillosis) - [Histoplasma capsulatum](https://www.healthline.com/health/histoplasmosis) Certain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia. But other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America. ### Pneumonia Pneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Common causes of pneumonia [can include](https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/causes.html): - bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumonia (most common), Haemophilus influenzae, and [Mycoplasma pneumoniae](https://www.healthline.com/health/mycoplasma-pneumonia) - viruses such as the influenza virus or [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)](https://www.healthline.com/health/rsv-test) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes [coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)](https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-pneumonia) Doctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of [drug-resistant pathogens](https://www.healthline.com/health/antibiotics/antibiotic-resistance). They include: - Community-acquired pneumonia: If someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia. - Healthcare-associated pneumonia: This type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay. - Ventilator-associated pneumonia: When someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia. Vaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia. If you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause. ### Bronchitis [Bronchitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchitis) occurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs. Bronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis. Causes of bronchitis can include: - the [influenza](https://www.healthline.com/health/cold-flu/flu) virus - [RSV](https://www.healthline.com/health/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv) - bacteria such as: - Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Chlamydia pneumoniae - Bordetella pertussis ### Bronchiolitis [Bronchiolitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis) occurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing. RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children. ## [Diagnosis]() A doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals. A doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds. Common ways to diagnose a lung infection can include: - imaging, such as a [chest X-ray](https://www.healthline.com/health/chest-x-ray) or [CT scan](https://www.healthline.com/health/ct-scan) - spirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath - [pulse oximetry](https://www.healthline.com/health/pulse-oximetry) to measure the level of oxygen in your blood - taking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing - [throat swab](https://www.healthline.com/health/throat-swab-culture) - complete blood count - [blood culture](https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-culture) ## [Treatments]() A bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up. A fungal lung infection may require treatment with an [antifungal medication](https://www.healthline.com/health/fungal-infection/antifungal), such as ketoconazole or voriconazole. Antibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own. In the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies: - take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever - drink lots of water - try hot tea with honey or ginger - gargle salt water - rest as much as possible - use a humidifier to create moisture in the air - take any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone For more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and [respiratory therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-a-respiratory-therapist) if you’re having difficulty breathing. ## [When to see a doctor]() Lung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our [Healthline FindCare tool](https://www.healthline.com/find-care). A fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines: ### Infants See a doctor if your infant is: - younger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C) - between 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable - between 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours ### Children See a doctor if your child: - has a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C) - is restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache - has had a fever for more than 3 days - has a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system - has recently been to a developing country ### Adults You should make an appointment to see a doctor if you: - have a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C) - have had a fever for more than 3 days - have a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system - have recently been to a developing country You should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms: - mental confusion - trouble breathing - stiff neck - chest pain - seizures - persistent vomiting - unusual skin rash - hallucinations - inconsolable crying in children If you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away. ## [Prevention]() Not all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips: - wash your hands regularly - avoid touching your face or mouth - avoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people - avoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread - avoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke - get a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection - get vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups) For those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Healthcare professionals [recommend](https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/prevention.html) these vaccines for: - infants - older adults - people who smoke - those with chronic health conditions ## [The bottom line]() A lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer. Your immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections. See a doctor right away if you have: - difficulty breathing - a bluish color in your lips or fingertips - severe chest pain - a high fever - cough with mucus that’s getting worse People older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection. ### How we reviewed this article: Sources History Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.healthline.com/about/process). - Bronchitis. (n.d.). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/bronchitis> - Causes of pneumonia. (2022). <https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/causes.html> - Chest infections. (2020). <https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chest-infection/> - Definitions of symptoms for reportable illnesses. (2017). <https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/air/reporting-deaths-illness/definitions-symptoms-reportable-illnesses.html> - Pneumococcal vaccination. (2022). <https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/pneumo/index.html> - Pneumonia. (2022). <https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/index.html> - Pneumonia. (2022). <https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/> - Pneumonia can be prevented — Vaccines can help. (2022). <https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/prevention.html> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Adithya-Cattamanchi-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Adithya Cattamanchi, M.D.]() — Written by [Jacquelyn Cafasso]() — [Updated on December 8, 2022]() ## related stories - [Bacterial Pneumonia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Overview of Bronchiolitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Pediatricians Release Child Vaccine Recommendations That Break With CDC](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Pediatricians, Major Medical Groups Ignore RFK Jr.’s New Vaccine Schedule](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext) - [U.S. May Lose Measles-Free Status Amid Outbreaks in South Carolina, Other States](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext) ### Read this next - [Bacterial Pneumonia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/bacterial-pneumonia?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI](https://www.healthline.com/medical-team) [How is bacterial pneumonia different from viral? 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Mimi Arquilla, DO](https://www.healthline.com/medical-team) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Pediatricians Release Child Vaccine Recommendations That Break With CDC](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext) [The American Academy of Pediatrics has released new vaccine guidance, counteracting that of the CDC.](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/aap-child-vaccine-recommendations-break-with-cdc?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Pediatricians, Major Medical Groups Ignore RFK Jr.’s New Vaccine Schedule](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext) [Pediatric medical professionals are pushing back against new CDC recommendations that implemented major changes to the childhood immunization schedule.](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/doctors-pediatricians-ignoring-new-vaccine-guidelines?utm_source=ReadNext) - [U.S. May Lose Measles-Free Status Amid Outbreaks in South Carolina, Other States](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/us-measles-outbreak-2026?utm_source=ReadNext) [The U.S. may lose its measles-free status, which it has held since 2000. 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Readable Markdown	A lung infection happens when a virus, bacteria, or fungus gets into your lungs and causes inflammation. Lung infections can range from mild to severe and may require medical treatment. A lung infection is exactly what it sounds like: an infection of one or both of your lungs. There are a couple of common types of lung infections. One of the most common lung infections is [pneumonia](https://www.healthline.com/health/pneumonia). Pneumonia affects the smaller air sacs of your lungs. It’s most often caused by contagious [bacteria](https://www.healthline.com/health/bacterial-pneumonia) but can also be caused by a virus or fungus. You can get pneumonia by breathing in pneumonia-causing bacteria or a virus from someone with pneumonia. This may occur if the person with pneumonia sneezes or coughs. Read on to learn the most common symptoms of a lung infection and what treatment you can expect if you have one. A lung infection can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and sometimes even a fungus. When the large bronchial tubes that carry air to and from your lungs become infected, it’s referred to as [bronchitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchitis). Bronchitis is more likely to be caused by a virus than by bacteria. Viruses can also attack your lungs or the air passages that lead to your lungs. This is called [bronchiolitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis). Viral bronchiolitis most commonly occurs in infants. Lung infections such as pneumonia can range from mild to severe. They may be more severe for people with weakened immune systems or chronic conditions, such as [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)](https://www.healthline.com/health/copd). The symptoms of a lung infection vary from mild to severe. This depends on several factors, including your age and overall health, and whether the infection is caused by a virus, bacteria, or [fungus](https://www.healthline.com/health/fungal-infection). The symptoms may be similar to those of a cold or flu, but they tend to last longer. If you have a lung infection, here are the most common symptoms to expect: Cough that produces thick mucus Coughing helps to rid your body of the mucus produced from inflammation of your airways and lungs. This mucus may also contain blood. With bronchitis or pneumonia, you may have a cough that produces thick mucus that may have a distinct color, including: - clear - white - green - yellowish gray A cough can linger for several weeks even after other symptoms have improved. Stabbing chest pains [Chest pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/chest-pain) caused by a lung infection is often described as sharp or stabbing. The chest pain tends to worsen while coughing or breathing deeply. Sometimes sharp pains can be felt in your mid to upper back. Fever A [fever](http://healthline.com/symptom/fever) occurs as your body tries to fight off the infection. Your normal body temperature is typically around 98.6°F (37°C). If you have a bacterial lung infection, your fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105°F (40.5°C). Any high fever above 102°F (38.9°C) often results in many other symptoms, such as: - sweating - [chills](https://www.healthline.com/health/chills) - muscle aches - dehydration - [headache](https://www.healthline.com/health/headache) - weakness You should see a doctor or healthcare professional if your fever goes above 102°F (38.9°C) or if it lasts more than 3 days. Body aches Your muscles and back may ache when you have a lung infection. This is called myalgia. Sometimes you can develop inflammation in your muscles. This can also lead to body and [muscle aches](https://www.healthline.com/health/muscle-aches) when you have an infection. Runny nose A runny nose and other flu-like symptoms, such as sneezing, often accompany a lung infection such as bronchitis. Shortness of breath [Shortness of breath](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like) means that you feel like breathing is difficult or that you can’t breathe in completely. You should see a doctor right away if you’re having trouble breathing. Fatigue You’ll usually feel sluggish and tired as your body fights off an infection. Rest is crucial during this time. Wheezing When you exhale, you might hear a high-pitched whistling sound known as wheezing. This results from narrowed airways or inflammation. Bluish appearance of your skin or lips Your lips or nails may start to appear slightly blue in color due to a lack of oxygen. Crackling or rattling sounds in your lungs One of the telltale signs of a lung infection is a crackling sound in the base of the lungs, also known as [bibasilar crackles](https://www.healthline.com/health/bibasilar-crackles). A doctor can hear these sounds using a tool called a stethoscope. Viruses or bacteria tend to cause lung infections. Common types of lung infections may include: - pneumonia - bronchitis - bronchiolitis More rarely, a fungal infection may also cause lung infections. These fungi may include: - Pneumocystis jirovecii - [Aspergillus](https://www.healthline.com/health/aspergillosis) - [Histoplasma capsulatum](https://www.healthline.com/health/histoplasmosis) Certain fungal lung infections occur more commonly in people who are immunosuppressed, either from certain types of cancer or HIV or from taking immunosuppressive medications. This can include pneumocystis pneumonia. But other endemic fungal infections such as pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) can affect anyone. They’re contracted by breathing in spores that are commonly found in the soil in the deserts of the Southwestern United States and in Central and South America. Pneumonia Pneumonia is a common lung infection. It affects the air sacs of your lungs. This infection can impact anyone at any age, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. - bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumonia (most common), Haemophilus influenzae, and [Mycoplasma pneumoniae](https://www.healthline.com/health/mycoplasma-pneumonia) - viruses such as the influenza virus or [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)](https://www.healthline.com/health/rsv-test) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes [coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)](https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-pneumonia) Doctors also use three different terms to classify pneumonia. They help doctors consider whether people are at risk of [drug-resistant pathogens](https://www.healthline.com/health/antibiotics/antibiotic-resistance). They include: - Community-acquired pneumonia: If someone developed pneumonia from work or a social event, they probably have community-acquired pneumonia. - Healthcare-associated pneumonia: This type occurs when someone develops pneumonia during or after a recent hospital stay. - Ventilator-associated pneumonia: When someone develops pneumonia after being on a ventilator, this is classified as ventilator-associated pneumonia. Vaccines may help protect you from certain types of pneumonia. If you have pneumonia, a doctor can help determine a treatment plan. Multiple treatment options can help resolve pneumonia, depending on the cause. Bronchitis [Bronchitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchitis) occurs when your bronchial tubes become inflamed. These tubes deliver air into your lungs. Bronchitis is usually caused by viral illnesses rather than bacterial infections. But bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis. Causes of bronchitis can include: - the [influenza](https://www.healthline.com/health/cold-flu/flu) virus - [RSV](https://www.healthline.com/health/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv) - bacteria such as: - Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Chlamydia pneumoniae - Bordetella pertussis Bronchiolitis [Bronchiolitis](https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchiolitis) occurs when the smallest air passages in your lungs called bronchioles become inflamed. This can cause coughing and difficulty breathing. RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. But it can be caused by other viruses. It’s more common in children. A doctor or healthcare professional will ask you about your medical history and symptoms. They may ask questions about your job, recent travel, or exposure to animals. A doctor will measure your temperature and listen to your chest with a stethoscope to check for crackling sounds. Common ways to diagnose a lung infection can include: - imaging, such as a [chest X-ray](https://www.healthline.com/health/chest-x-ray) or [CT scan](https://www.healthline.com/health/ct-scan) - spirometry, a tool that measures how much and how quickly you take in air with each breath - [pulse oximetry](https://www.healthline.com/health/pulse-oximetry) to measure the level of oxygen in your blood - taking a sample of mucus or nasal discharge for further testing - [throat swab](https://www.healthline.com/health/throat-swab-culture) - complete blood count - [blood culture](https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-culture) A bacterial infection usually requires antibiotics to clear it up. A fungal lung infection may require treatment with an [antifungal medication](https://www.healthline.com/health/fungal-infection/antifungal), such as ketoconazole or voriconazole. Antibiotics won’t work on viral infections. Most of the time, you’ll have to wait until your body fights off the infection on its own. In the meantime, you can help your body fight off the infection and make yourself more comfortable with the following home care remedies: - take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower your fever - drink lots of water - try hot tea with honey or ginger - gargle salt water - rest as much as possible - use a humidifier to create moisture in the air - take any prescribed antibiotic until it’s gone For more severe lung infections, you may need to stay at a hospital during your recovery. During your stay, you may receive antibiotics, intravenous (IV) fluids, and [respiratory therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-a-respiratory-therapist) if you’re having difficulty breathing. Lung infections can be serious if not treated. In general, you may want to see a doctor if your cough lasts more than 3 weeks or you’re having trouble breathing. You can book an appointment with a doctor in your area using our [Healthline FindCare tool](https://www.healthline.com/find-care). A fever can mean different things depending on your age. In general, you should follow these guidelines: Infants See a doctor if your infant is: - younger than 3 months, with a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C) - between 3 and 6 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) and seems unusually irritable, sluggish, or uncomfortable - between 6 and 24 months, with a fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours Children See a doctor if your child: - has a fever above 102.2°F (38.9°C) - is restless or irritable, vomits repeatedly, or has a severe headache - has had a fever for more than 3 days - has a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system - has recently been to a developing country Adults You should make an appointment to see a doctor if you: - have a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C) - have had a fever for more than 3 days - have a serious medical illness or a compromised immune system - have recently been to a developing country You should also get emergency treatment at the nearest emergency room or call 911 or local emergency services if a fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms: - mental confusion - trouble breathing - stiff neck - chest pain - seizures - persistent vomiting - unusual skin rash - hallucinations - inconsolable crying in children If you have a weakened immune system and develop a fever, shortness of breath, or a cough that brings up blood, get emergency medical care right away. Not all lung infections can be prevented, but you can minimize your risk with the following tips: - wash your hands regularly - avoid touching your face or mouth - avoid sharing utensils, food, or drinks with other people - avoid being in crowded places where a virus can be easily spread - avoid smoking tobacco, or consider quitting smoking if you smoke - get a flu shot every year to prevent influenza infection - get vaccinated for COVID-19 (please note some vaccines may still be under emergency use authorization for certain groups) For those at greater risk, the best way to prevent bacterial pneumonia from the most common strains of bacteria is either the PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Healthcare professionals [recommend](https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/prevention.html) these vaccines for: - infants - older adults - people who smoke - those with chronic health conditions A lung infection causes symptoms similar to the cold or flu but may be more severe and typically last longer. Your immune system will typically be able to clear a viral lung infection over time. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial lung infections. See a doctor right away if you have: - difficulty breathing - a bluish color in your lips or fingertips - severe chest pain - a high fever - cough with mucus that’s getting worse People older than 65 years of age, children younger than 2 years of age, and people with chronic health conditions or a compromised immune system should get medical treatment right away if they experience any symptoms of a lung infection.
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