🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 98 (from laksa044)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa098.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia","crawl_time":1769804625,"first_indexed_time":1575170644,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,healthline!www,\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia s443","src_root_hash":"11478817528691466898","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Phases of Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and More","meta_descriptions":["There are three phases of schizophrenia: prodromal, active, and residual. Learn more here."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Early symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage.\nRead on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more.\nThere are three phases of\nschizophrenia\n: prodromal, active, and residual.\nEach phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it.\nAlthough symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take\nseveral years\nto develop into psychosis.\nProdromal schizophrenia symptoms\nIn the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious.\nThe first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia\nmay be called\n“negative symptoms.”\nSymptoms in this phase may include:\nanhedonia\n, or withdrawal from social life or family activities\nisolation\nincreased\nanxiety\ndifficulty concentrating or paying attention\nlack of motivation\nhaving trouble making decisions\nchanges to usual routine\nforgetting or neglecting personal hygiene\nsleep disturbances\nincreased\nirritability\nActive schizophrenia symptoms\nAt this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.”\nSymptoms can include:\nhallucinations or seeing people or things no one\nelse does\nparanoid delusions\nconfused and disorganized thoughts\ndisordered speech\nchanges to motor behavior (such as useless or\nexcessive movement)\nlack of eye contact\nflat affect\nResidual schizophrenia symptoms\nWhile no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia.\nSymptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase.\nSymptoms of the residual phase are said to include:\nlack of emotion\nsocial withdrawal\nconstant\nlow energy levels\neccentric behavior\nillogical thinking\nconceptual disorganization\nfrank vocalizations\nIt’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do.\nResearchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another.\nResearchers believe\nthese factors\nmay contribute to developing schizophrenia:\nGenetics:\nIf you have a\nfamily history\nof the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness.\nHormonal changes:\nResearchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body\nmay be a factor\n. Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their\nlate teens and early 20s\n. People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s.\nNeurotransmitters:\nNeurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness.\nStructure:\nChanges to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too.\nEnvironmental:\nResearchers believe\nexposure to some viruses\ncould lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use\nmay also\nincrease the risk of schizophrenia.\nYou are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least\n6 months\n.\nTo assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor\nwill review\nall symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis.\nOnce a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors.\nTreatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase.\nTreatments a doctor may recommend\ninclude\n:\nMedication:\nAntipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms.\nTherapy:\nA doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse.\nHospitalization:\nThis emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them.\nWhere to seek emergency care\nIf you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care:\nDial 911 or your local emergency number.\nVisit a hospital or emergency department.\nCall the\nNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline\nat 988.\nText HOME to the\nCrisis Text Line\nat 741741.\nSchizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase.\nThe final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase.\nIt’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  ### Health Conditions\n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n  \n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/cancer-care)\n  - [Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/alzheimers-disease)\n  - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/ckd)\n  - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/copd)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/digestive-health)\n  - [Eye Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/eye-health)\n  - [Heart Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/heart-health)\n  - [Menopause](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/menopause)\n  - [Mental Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health)\n  - [Migraine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/migraine)\n  - [Multiple Sclerosis (MS)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/multiple-sclerosis)\n  - 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Connect with us for all things health.\n\nSubscribe\n\n[Parenthood](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood)\n\n- Stages\n  - [Becoming a Parent](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/becoming-a-parent)\n  - [Pregnancy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/pregnancy)\n  - [Postpartum](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/postpartum)\n  - [Baby](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/baby)\n  - [Toddler](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/toddler)\n- [Fertility](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/fertility)\n- [Health & Wellness](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/health-wellness)\n- [Conditions & Concerns](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/conditions-concerns)\n- [Relationships](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/relationships)\n- [Products](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/parenthood\/products-gear)\n\nExplore more in\n\n- Related Conditions\n- Types\n- Symptoms\n- Causes & Risk Factors\n- Management\n- Treatment\n- Diagnosis\n- Complications\n- Prognosis\n\nSchizophrenia\n\n#### Related Hubs\n[![Mental Well-Being](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/digestive-health-crohns-disease.png)Mental Well-Being A holistic guide to care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health)\n#### Related Topics\n- ### Related Conditions\n  Related Conditions\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Vs. Bipolar Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bipolar-disorder\/bipolar-vs-schizophrenia)\n  - [Vs. Borderline Personality Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/borderline-personality-disorder-and-schizophrenia)\n  - [Vs. Delusional Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/delusional-disorder-vs-schizophrenia)\n  - [Vs. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/did-vs-schizophrenia)\n  - [Related Conditions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/is-schizophrenia-a-personality-disorder)\n  - [Vs. Psychosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/psychosis-vs-schizophrenia)\n  - [Vs. Schizoaffective Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizoaffective-disorder-vs-schizophrenia)\n  - [Vs. Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-and-anxiety)\n- ### Types\n  Types\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Bipolar Schizoaffective Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bipolar-schizoaffective-disorder)\n  - [Catatonic Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/catatonic-schizophrenia)\n  - [High Functioning Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/high-functioning-schizophrenia)\n  - [Types](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia-types)\n  - [Acute Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/acute-schizophrenia)\n  - [Without Hallucinations](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/can-you-have-schizophrenia-without-hallucinations)\n  - [Cenesthopathic](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/cenesthopathic-schizophrenia)\n  - [Disorganized (Hebephrenic) Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/disorganized-hebephrenic-schizophrenia)\n  - [In Females](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/female-schizophrenia)\n  - [Paranoid Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/paranoid-schizophrenia)\n  - [Schizophreniform Disorder](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophreniform)\n- ### Symptoms\n  Symptoms\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Early Signs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/early-signs-of-schizophrenia)\n  - [Hallucinations vs. Delusions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/hallucinations-vs-delusions)\n  - [Hearing Voices](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/i-hear-voices-in-my-head)\n  - [Phases](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia)\n  - [Hallucinations](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia-hallucinations)\n  - [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/symptoms)\n  - [Types of Delusions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/types-of-delusions-in-schizophrenia)\n  - [Flat Affect](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/what-is-flat-affect-in-schizophrenia)\n- ### Causes & Risk Factors\n  Causes & Risk Factors\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Genetics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/is-schizophrenia-hereditary)\n  - [Causes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia-causes)\n  - [Drug-Induced Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/drug-induced-schizophrenia)\n  - [Alcohol Use](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-and-alcohol)\n  - [Dopamine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-and-dopamine)\n- ### Management\n  Management\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Online Support Groups](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/schizophrenia-support-group)\n  - [CBD](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cbd-for-schizophrenia)\n  - [In Relationships](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia-and-intimacy)\n  - [Management](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/alternative-treatments)\n  - [Supporting a Loved One](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/how-to-help-someone-with-schizophrenia)\n  - [Sleep](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-and-sleep)\n  - [Employment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/what-is-a-good-job-for-someone-with-schizophrenia)\n- ### Treatment\n  Treatment\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/schizophrenia-treatment)\n  - [Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-for-schizophrenia)\n  - [Electroconvulsive Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/ect-for-schizophrenia)\n  - [Art Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-art)\n  - [Injections](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-injection)\n- ### Diagnosis\n  Diagnosis\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Clock Drawing Test](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/clock-drawing-test-schizophrenia)\n  - [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/how-is-schizophrenia-diagnosed)\n  - [Lab Tests](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/laboratory-tests-for-schizophrenia)\n  - [Age of Onset](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-age-of-onset)\n  - [Brain Imaging](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-brain-scan)\n- ### Complications\n  Complications\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Dementia Risk](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-and-dementia)\n  - [Eye Changes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-eyes)\n  - [Suicide Risk](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/suicide-in-schizophrenia)\n- ### Prognosis\n  Prognosis\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Outlook](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/schizophrenia-life-expectancy)\n\n# Understanding the Phases of Schizophrenia\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Yalda-Safai-500x500-Bio1.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Yalda Safai, MD, MPH]() — Written by [Kimberly Holland]() —  [Updated on January 31, 2025]()\n\n- [Phases](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#phases)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#symptoms)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#causes)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#diagnosis)\n- [Treatments](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#treatments)\n- [Takeaway](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/phases-of-schizophrenia#takeaway)\n\n### Key takeaways\n- Schizophrenia progresses through three phases: prodromal, active, and residual, each marked by distinct symptoms that can significantly vary.\n- Diagnosis typically occurs during the active phase when symptoms like hallucinations and delusions are most pronounced, though early signs may be present in the prodromal phase.\n- Treatment approaches remain consistent across all phases, focusing on medication and therapy to manage symptoms and improve the individual’s quality of life.\n\nEarly symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage.\n\nRead on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more.\n\n## [What are the phases of schizophrenia?]()\nThere are three phases of [schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia): prodromal, active, and residual.\n\n## [What are the symptoms of each phase?]()\nEach phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it.\n\nAlthough symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take [several years](https:\/\/www.rethink.org\/advice-and-information\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-conditions\/schizophrenia\/) to develop into psychosis.\n\n### Prodromal schizophrenia symptoms\nIn the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious.\n\nThe first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia [may be called](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7041437\/) “negative symptoms.”\n\nSymptoms in this phase may include:\n\n- [anhedonia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/depression\/anhedonia), or withdrawal from social life or family activities\n- isolation\n- increased [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety)\n- difficulty concentrating or paying attention\n- lack of motivation\n- [having trouble making decisions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/decision-fatigue)\n- changes to usual routine\n- forgetting or neglecting personal hygiene\n- sleep disturbances\n- increased [irritability](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/irritability)\n\nLearn about [recognizing the early signs of schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/early-signs-of-schizophrenia).\n\n### Active schizophrenia symptoms\nAt this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.”\n\nSymptoms can include:\n\n- hallucinations or seeing people or things no one  \n  else does\n- paranoid delusions\n- confused and disorganized thoughts\n- disordered speech\n- changes to motor behavior (such as useless or  \n  excessive movement)\n- lack of eye contact\n- [flat affect](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/flat-affect)\n### Residual schizophrenia symptoms\nWhile no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia.\n\nSymptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase.\n\nSymptoms of the residual phase are said to include:\n\n- lack of emotion\n- social withdrawal\n- constant [low energy levels](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/10-reasons-you-are-tired)\n- eccentric behavior\n- illogical thinking\n- conceptual disorganization\n- frank vocalizations\n\nLearn more about [schizophrenia symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/symptoms).\n\n## [What causes the phases of schizophrenia?]()\nIt’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do.\n\nResearchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another.\n\nResearchers believe [these factors](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/) may contribute to developing schizophrenia:\n\n- **Genetics:** If you have a [family history](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/is-schizophrenia-hereditary) of the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness.\n- **Hormonal changes:** Researchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body [may be a factor](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7373790\/). Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their\n  [late teens and early 20s](https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/schizophrenia)\n  . People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s.\n- **Neurotransmitters:** Neurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness.\n- **Structure:** Changes to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too.\n- **Environmental:** Researchers believe [exposure to some viruses](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10302918\/) could lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use [may also](https:\/\/www.rethink.org\/advice-and-information\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-conditions\/schizophrenia\/) increase the risk of schizophrenia.\n\nLearn more about possible [causes of schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia-causes).\n\n## [How do doctors diagnose schizophrenia?]()\nYou are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least [6 months](https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/schizophrenia\/what-is-schizophrenia).\n\nTo assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor [will review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/) all symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis.\n\nOnce a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors.\n\nLearn more about [diagnosing schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/how-is-schizophrenia-diagnosed).\n\n> **Where to find help**\n> \n> Advocacy organizations can help you find immediate help. They can also connect you with local resources that can help you find sustained, long-term treatment. These mental health resources include:\n> \n> - [Schizophrenia and Related Disorders Alliance of America](https:\/\/sardaa.org\/)\n> - [Mental Health America](https:\/\/mhanational.org\/finding-help\/)\n> - [Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)](https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/find-help\/national-helpline) Hotline: 1-800-662-HELP (4357)\n\n## [What are the treatments for schizophrenia?]()\nTreatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase.\n\nTreatments a doctor may recommend [include](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/):\n\n- **Medication:** Antipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms.\n- **Therapy:** A doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse.\n- **Hospitalization:** This emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them.\n\nLearn more about [treatments for managing schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/management-of-schizophrenia).\n\n> **Where to seek emergency care**\n> \n> If you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care:\n> \n> - Dial 911 or your local emergency number.\n> - Visit a hospital or emergency department.\n> - Call the [National Suicide Prevention Lifeline](https:\/\/suicidepreventionlifeline.org\/) at 988.\n> - Text HOME to the [Crisis Text Line](https:\/\/www.crisistextline.org\/) at 741741.\n\n## [The bottom line]()\nSchizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase.\n\nThe final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase.\n\nIt’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms.\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nHistory\n\nHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/process).\n\n- Brzezinski-Sinai NA, et al. (2020). Schizophrenia and sex hormones: What is the link?  \n  <https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7373790\/>\n- Correll CU, et al. (2020). Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A review and clinical guide for recognition, assessment, and treatment.  \n  <https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7041437\/>\n- Hany M, et al. (2024). Schizophrenia.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/>\n- Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health \\[Internet\\]. (2016).  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK519704\/table\/ch3.t22\/>\n- Kotsiri I, et al. (2023). Viral infections and schizophrenia: A comprehensive review.  \n  <https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10302918\/>\n- Schizophrenia. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.rethink.org\/advice-and-information\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-conditions\/schizophrenia\/>\n- Schizophrenia. (n.d.).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/schizophrenia>\n- Symptoms – schizophrenia. (2023).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/mental-health\/conditions\/schizophrenia\/symptoms\/>\n- What is schizophrenia? (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/schizophrenia\/what-is-schizophrenia>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Yalda-Safai-500x500-Bio1.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Yalda Safai, MD, MPH]() — Written by [Kimberly Holland]() —  [Updated on January 31, 2025]()\n\n## related stories\n- [Talking About Schizophrenia: Why it Matters and How to Do It](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Why Is Vraylar So Expensive?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Can Trauma Cause Schizophrenia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Do People with Schizophrenia Know They Have It?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Living With Schizophrenia: Strategies and Support](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n### Read this next\n- [Talking About Schizophrenia: Why it Matters and How to Do It](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Not sure how to talk about schizophrenia? Get guidance on what to say, who to tell, and how to handle stigma while protecting your well-being.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Why Is Vraylar So Expensive?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Your out-of-pocket costs for certain drugs, such as Vraylar, may be higher than other drugs. Learn money-saving strategies, drug alternatives, and…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Can Trauma Cause Schizophrenia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Trauma may increase the risk of schizophrenia in people with a genetic predisposition to it. Learn more.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Do People with Schizophrenia Know They Have It?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Some people with schizophrenia may not know they have it because of the symptoms they experience. Learn more.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Living With Schizophrenia: Strategies and Support](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Medications can help improve some symptoms of schizophrenia, but therapy, stress reduction, and other daily living strategies are also needed to…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Understanding Prodromal Schizophrenia: Symptoms and Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/prodromal-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [The first phase of schizophrenia, before the first full episode of psychosis, is known as the prodromal period. Learn more about symptoms, causes, and…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/prodromal-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/prodromal-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Understanding the Possible Connections Between Epilepsy and Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/epilepsy-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Having schizophrenia may increase your chance of having epilepsy, and vice versa. Learn more about the link, the symptoms, and the treatment options.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/epilepsy-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia\/epilepsy-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Does Abilify Have Off-Label Uses?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/abilify-off-label-uses?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Abilify is a prescription drug used to treat certain mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia. There are other conditions, such as anxiety or…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/abilify-off-label-uses?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/abilify-off-label-uses?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Is There a Link Between Blindness and Schizophrenia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/blindness-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Some research suggests that congenital blindness may help protect against schizophrenia by changing how the brain processes sensory information. Learn…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/blindness-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/blindness-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Schizophrenia Insights and Information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/video\/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Community members and experts give personal insights and answers on dealing with Schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/video\/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/video\/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-policy)\n- [Privacy Settings](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-settings)\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/advertising-policy)\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n\n- [Sitemap](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/sitemap)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Early symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage.\n\nRead on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more.\n\nThere are three phases of [schizophrenia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/schizophrenia): prodromal, active, and residual.\n\nEach phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it.\n\nAlthough symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take [several years](https:\/\/www.rethink.org\/advice-and-information\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-conditions\/schizophrenia\/) to develop into psychosis.\n\nProdromal schizophrenia symptoms\n\nIn the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious.\n\nThe first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia [may be called](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7041437\/) “negative symptoms.”\n\nSymptoms in this phase may include:\n\n- [anhedonia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/depression\/anhedonia), or withdrawal from social life or family activities\n- isolation\n- increased [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety)\n- difficulty concentrating or paying attention\n- lack of motivation\n- [having trouble making decisions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/decision-fatigue)\n- changes to usual routine\n- forgetting or neglecting personal hygiene\n- sleep disturbances\n- increased [irritability](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/irritability)\n\nActive schizophrenia symptoms\n\nAt this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.”\n\nSymptoms can include:\n\n- hallucinations or seeing people or things no one  \n  else does\n- paranoid delusions\n- confused and disorganized thoughts\n- disordered speech\n- changes to motor behavior (such as useless or  \n  excessive movement)\n- lack of eye contact\n- [flat affect](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/flat-affect)\n\nResidual schizophrenia symptoms\n\nWhile no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia.\n\nSymptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase.\n\nSymptoms of the residual phase are said to include:\n\n- lack of emotion\n- social withdrawal\n- constant [low energy levels](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/10-reasons-you-are-tired)\n- eccentric behavior\n- illogical thinking\n- conceptual disorganization\n- frank vocalizations\n\nIt’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do.\n\nResearchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another.\n\nResearchers believe [these factors](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/) may contribute to developing schizophrenia:\n\n- **Genetics:** If you have a [family history](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/is-schizophrenia-hereditary) of the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness.\n- **Hormonal changes:** Researchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body [may be a factor](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7373790\/). Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their\n  [late teens and early 20s](https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/schizophrenia)\n  . People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s.\n- **Neurotransmitters:** Neurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness.\n- **Structure:** Changes to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too.\n- **Environmental:** Researchers believe [exposure to some viruses](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10302918\/) could lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use [may also](https:\/\/www.rethink.org\/advice-and-information\/about-mental-illness\/mental-health-conditions\/schizophrenia\/) increase the risk of schizophrenia.\n\nYou are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least [6 months](https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/schizophrenia\/what-is-schizophrenia).\n\nTo assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor [will review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/) all symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis.\n\nOnce a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors.\n\nTreatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase.\n\nTreatments a doctor may recommend [include](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK539864\/):\n\n- **Medication:** Antipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms.\n- **Therapy:** A doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse.\n- **Hospitalization:** This emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them.\n\n> **Where to seek emergency care**\n> \n> If you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care:\n> \n> - Dial 911 or your local emergency number.\n> - Visit a hospital or emergency department.\n> - Call the [National Suicide Prevention Lifeline](https:\/\/suicidepreventionlifeline.org\/) at 988.\n> - Text HOME to the [Crisis Text Line](https:\/\/www.crisistextline.org\/) at 741741.\n\nSchizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase.\n\nThe final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase.\n\nIt’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia
Last Crawled	2026-01-30 20:23:45 (2 months ago)
First Indexed	2019-12-01 03:24:04 (6 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Phases of Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and More
Meta Description	There are three phases of schizophrenia: prodromal, active, and residual. Learn more here.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Early symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage. Read on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more. There are three phases of schizophrenia : prodromal, active, and residual. Each phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it. Although symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take several years to develop into psychosis. Prodromal schizophrenia symptoms In the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious. The first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia may be called “negative symptoms.” Symptoms in this phase may include: anhedonia , or withdrawal from social life or family activities isolation increased anxiety difficulty concentrating or paying attention lack of motivation having trouble making decisions changes to usual routine forgetting or neglecting personal hygiene sleep disturbances increased irritability Active schizophrenia symptoms At this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.” Symptoms can include: hallucinations or seeing people or things no one else does paranoid delusions confused and disorganized thoughts disordered speech changes to motor behavior (such as useless or excessive movement) lack of eye contact flat affect Residual schizophrenia symptoms While no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia. Symptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase. Symptoms of the residual phase are said to include: lack of emotion social withdrawal constant low energy levels eccentric behavior illogical thinking conceptual disorganization frank vocalizations It’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do. Researchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another. Researchers believe these factors may contribute to developing schizophrenia: Genetics: If you have a family history of the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness. Hormonal changes: Researchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body may be a factor . Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their late teens and early 20s . People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s. Neurotransmitters: Neurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness. Structure: Changes to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too. Environmental: Researchers believe exposure to some viruses could lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use may also increase the risk of schizophrenia. You are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least 6 months . To assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor will review all symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis. Once a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors. Treatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase. Treatments a doctor may recommend include : Medication: Antipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms. Therapy: A doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse. Hospitalization: This emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them. Where to seek emergency care If you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care: Dial 911 or your local emergency number. Visit a hospital or emergency department. Call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 988. Text HOME to the Crisis Text Line at 741741. Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase. The final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase. It’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms.
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Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-anxiety) - ### Types Types #### Related Articles - [Bipolar Schizoaffective Disorder](https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-schizoaffective-disorder) - [Catatonic Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/catatonic-schizophrenia) - [High Functioning Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/high-functioning-schizophrenia) - [Types](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia-types) - [Acute Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/acute-schizophrenia) - [Without Hallucinations](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/can-you-have-schizophrenia-without-hallucinations) - [Cenesthopathic](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/cenesthopathic-schizophrenia) - [Disorganized (Hebephrenic) Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/disorganized-hebephrenic-schizophrenia) - [In Females](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/female-schizophrenia) - [Paranoid Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/paranoid-schizophrenia) - [Schizophreniform Disorder](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophreniform) - ### Symptoms Symptoms #### Related Articles - [Early Signs](https://www.healthline.com/health/early-signs-of-schizophrenia) - [Hallucinations vs. Delusions](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/hallucinations-vs-delusions) - [Hearing Voices](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/i-hear-voices-in-my-head) - [Phases](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia) - [Hallucinations](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia-hallucinations) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/symptoms) - [Types of Delusions](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/types-of-delusions-in-schizophrenia) - [Flat Affect](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/what-is-flat-affect-in-schizophrenia) - ### Causes & Risk Factors Causes & Risk Factors #### Related Articles - [Genetics](https://www.healthline.com/health/is-schizophrenia-hereditary) - [Causes](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia-causes) - [Drug-Induced Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/drug-induced-schizophrenia) - [Alcohol Use](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-alcohol) - [Dopamine](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-dopamine) - ### Management Management #### Related Articles - [Online Support Groups](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/schizophrenia-support-group) - [CBD](https://www.healthline.com/health/cbd-for-schizophrenia) - [In Relationships](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia-and-intimacy) - [Management](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/alternative-treatments) - [Supporting a Loved One](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/how-to-help-someone-with-schizophrenia) - [Sleep](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-sleep) - [Employment](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/what-is-a-good-job-for-someone-with-schizophrenia) - ### Treatment Treatment #### Related Articles - [Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/schizophrenia-treatment) - [Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/cognitive-behavioral-therapy-for-schizophrenia) - [Electroconvulsive Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/ect-for-schizophrenia) - [Art Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-art) - [Injections](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-injection) - ### Diagnosis Diagnosis #### Related Articles - [Clock Drawing Test](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/clock-drawing-test-schizophrenia) - [Diagnosis](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/how-is-schizophrenia-diagnosed) - [Lab Tests](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/laboratory-tests-for-schizophrenia) - [Age of Onset](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-age-of-onset) - [Brain Imaging](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-brain-scan) - ### Complications Complications #### Related Articles - [Dementia Risk](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-and-dementia) - [Eye Changes](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-eyes) - [Suicide Risk](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/suicide-in-schizophrenia) - ### Prognosis Prognosis #### Related Articles - [Outlook](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/schizophrenia-life-expectancy) # Understanding the Phases of Schizophrenia ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Yalda-Safai-500x500-Bio1.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Yalda Safai, MD, MPH]() — Written by [Kimberly Holland]() — [Updated on January 31, 2025]() - [Phases](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#phases) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#symptoms) - [Causes](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#causes) - [Diagnosis](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#diagnosis) - [Treatments](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#treatments) - [Takeaway](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/phases-of-schizophrenia#takeaway) ### Key takeaways - Schizophrenia progresses through three phases: prodromal, active, and residual, each marked by distinct symptoms that can significantly vary. - Diagnosis typically occurs during the active phase when symptoms like hallucinations and delusions are most pronounced, though early signs may be present in the prodromal phase. - Treatment approaches remain consistent across all phases, focusing on medication and therapy to manage symptoms and improve the individual’s quality of life. Early symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage. Read on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more. ## [What are the phases of schizophrenia?]() There are three phases of [schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia): prodromal, active, and residual. ## [What are the symptoms of each phase?]() Each phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it. Although symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take [several years](https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/) to develop into psychosis. ### Prodromal schizophrenia symptoms In the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious. The first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia [may be called](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7041437/) “negative symptoms.” Symptoms in this phase may include: - [anhedonia](https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/anhedonia), or withdrawal from social life or family activities - isolation - increased [anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety) - difficulty concentrating or paying attention - lack of motivation - [having trouble making decisions](https://www.healthline.com/health/decision-fatigue) - changes to usual routine - forgetting or neglecting personal hygiene - sleep disturbances - increased [irritability](https://www.healthline.com/health/irritability) Learn about [recognizing the early signs of schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/early-signs-of-schizophrenia). ### Active schizophrenia symptoms At this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.” Symptoms can include: - hallucinations or seeing people or things no one else does - paranoid delusions - confused and disorganized thoughts - disordered speech - changes to motor behavior (such as useless or excessive movement) - lack of eye contact - [flat affect](https://www.healthline.com/health/flat-affect) ### Residual schizophrenia symptoms While no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia. Symptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase. Symptoms of the residual phase are said to include: - lack of emotion - social withdrawal - constant [low energy levels](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-reasons-you-are-tired) - eccentric behavior - illogical thinking - conceptual disorganization - frank vocalizations Learn more about [schizophrenia symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/symptoms). ## [What causes the phases of schizophrenia?]() It’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do. Researchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another. Researchers believe [these factors](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/) may contribute to developing schizophrenia: - Genetics: If you have a [family history](https://www.healthline.com/health/is-schizophrenia-hereditary) of the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness. - Hormonal changes: Researchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body [may be a factor](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7373790/). Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their [late teens and early 20s](https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/schizophrenia) . People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s. - Neurotransmitters: Neurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness. - Structure: Changes to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too. - Environmental: Researchers believe [exposure to some viruses](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10302918/) could lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use [may also](https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/) increase the risk of schizophrenia. Learn more about possible [causes of schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia-causes). ## [How do doctors diagnose schizophrenia?]() You are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least [6 months](https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/schizophrenia/what-is-schizophrenia). To assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor [will review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/) all symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis. Once a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors. Learn more about [diagnosing schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/how-is-schizophrenia-diagnosed). > Where to find help > > Advocacy organizations can help you find immediate help. They can also connect you with local resources that can help you find sustained, long-term treatment. These mental health resources include: > > - [Schizophrenia and Related Disorders Alliance of America](https://sardaa.org/) > - [Mental Health America](https://mhanational.org/finding-help/) > - [Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)](https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/national-helpline) Hotline: 1-800-662-HELP (4357) ## [What are the treatments for schizophrenia?]() Treatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase. Treatments a doctor may recommend [include](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/): - Medication: Antipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms. - Therapy: A doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse. - Hospitalization: This emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them. Learn more about [treatments for managing schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/management-of-schizophrenia). > Where to seek emergency care > > If you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care: > > - Dial 911 or your local emergency number. > - Visit a hospital or emergency department. > - Call the [National Suicide Prevention Lifeline](https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/) at 988. > - Text HOME to the [Crisis Text Line](https://www.crisistextline.org/) at 741741. ## [The bottom line]() Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase. The final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase. It’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms. ### How we reviewed this article: Sources History Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.healthline.com/about/process). - Brzezinski-Sinai NA, et al. (2020). Schizophrenia and sex hormones: What is the link? <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7373790/> - Correll CU, et al. (2020). Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A review and clinical guide for recognition, assessment, and treatment. <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7041437/> - Hany M, et al. (2024). Schizophrenia. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/> - Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health \[Internet\]. (2016). <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t22/> - Kotsiri I, et al. (2023). Viral infections and schizophrenia: A comprehensive review. <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10302918/> - Schizophrenia. (2024). <https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/> - Schizophrenia. (n.d.). <https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/schizophrenia> - Symptoms – schizophrenia. (2023). <https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/schizophrenia/symptoms/> - What is schizophrenia? (2024). <https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/schizophrenia/what-is-schizophrenia> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Yalda-Safai-500x500-Bio1.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Yalda Safai, MD, MPH]() — Written by [Kimberly Holland]() — [Updated on January 31, 2025]() ## related stories - [Talking About Schizophrenia: Why it Matters and How to Do It](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Why Is Vraylar So Expensive?](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Can Trauma Cause Schizophrenia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Do People with Schizophrenia Know They Have It?](https://www.healthline.com/health/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Living With Schizophrenia: Strategies and Support](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) ### Read this next - [Talking About Schizophrenia: Why it Matters and How to Do It](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Not sure how to talk about schizophrenia? Get guidance on what to say, who to tell, and how to handle stigma while protecting your well-being.](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/talking-about-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Why Is Vraylar So Expensive?](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext) [Your out-of-pocket costs for certain drugs, such as Vraylar, may be higher than other drugs. Learn money-saving strategies, drug alternatives, and…](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/why-is-vraylar-so-expensive?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Can Trauma Cause Schizophrenia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Trauma may increase the risk of schizophrenia in people with a genetic predisposition to it. Learn more.](https://www.healthline.com/health/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/can-trauma-cause-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Do People with Schizophrenia Know They Have It?](https://www.healthline.com/health/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https://www.healthline.com/medical-team) [Some people with schizophrenia may not know they have it because of the symptoms they experience. Learn more.](https://www.healthline.com/health/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/do-people-with-schizophrenia-know-they-have-it?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Living With Schizophrenia: Strategies and Support](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https://www.healthline.com/medical-team) [Medications can help improve some symptoms of schizophrenia, but therapy, stress reduction, and other daily living strategies are also needed to…](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Understanding Prodromal Schizophrenia: Symptoms and Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/prodromal-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [The first phase of schizophrenia, before the first full episode of psychosis, is known as the prodromal period. 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Learn…](https://www.healthline.com/health/blindness-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/blindness-and-schizophrenia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Schizophrenia Insights and Information](https://www.healthline.com/health/video/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext) [Community members and experts give personal insights and answers on dealing with Schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/video/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/video/schizophrenia-insights-and-information?utm_source=ReadNext) © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. 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Readable Markdown	Early symptoms of schizophrenia may be similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until it reaches the active stage. Read on to learn more about the phases of schizophrenia, including their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and more. There are three phases of [schizophrenia](https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia): prodromal, active, and residual. Each phase of schizophrenia has symptoms that help classify it. Although symptoms of active schizophrenia may seem to come on suddenly, the condition can take [several years](https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/) to develop into psychosis. Prodromal schizophrenia symptoms In the early prodromal phase, symptoms aren’t always obvious. The first signs and symptoms of schizophrenia may be overlooked because they’re common to many other conditions, such as depression. These symptoms of schizophrenia [may be called](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7041437/) “negative symptoms.” Symptoms in this phase may include: - [anhedonia](https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/anhedonia), or withdrawal from social life or family activities - isolation - increased [anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety) - difficulty concentrating or paying attention - lack of motivation - [having trouble making decisions](https://www.healthline.com/health/decision-fatigue) - changes to usual routine - forgetting or neglecting personal hygiene - sleep disturbances - increased [irritability](https://www.healthline.com/health/irritability) Active schizophrenia symptoms At this phase of schizophrenia, the symptoms may be the most obvious. Some people call these “positive symptoms.” Symptoms can include: - hallucinations or seeing people or things no one else does - paranoid delusions - confused and disorganized thoughts - disordered speech - changes to motor behavior (such as useless or excessive movement) - lack of eye contact - [flat affect](https://www.healthline.com/health/flat-affect) Residual schizophrenia symptoms While no longer a term recognized by the DSM-5 or used in diagnosis, some clinicians may still describe this phase when discussing symptoms and the progression of schizophrenia. Symptoms in this phase of the illness resemble symptoms in the first phase. They’re characterized by low energy and lack of motivation, but some elements of the active phase remain. Some people may relapse back to the active phase. Symptoms of the residual phase are said to include: - lack of emotion - social withdrawal - constant [low energy levels](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-reasons-you-are-tired) - eccentric behavior - illogical thinking - conceptual disorganization - frank vocalizations It’s unclear why individuals develop schizophrenia. Likewise, it’s unclear exactly how or why a person moves through the stages at the pace they do. Researchers believe a combination of factors set off chemical and structural changes in the brain. Ultimately, these changes lead to schizophrenia. Those same factors may influence when or how quickly a person progresses from one phase to another. Researchers believe [these factors](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/) may contribute to developing schizophrenia: - Genetics: If you have a [family history](https://www.healthline.com/health/is-schizophrenia-hereditary) of the illness, you’re more likely to develop it. However, having a family history doesn’t mean you certainly will have the illness. - Hormonal changes: Researchers believe that hormones and physical changes in the body [may be a factor](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7373790/). Symptoms of the illness often begin in young adulthood, during a time of major change. On average, people assigned male at birth show first signs in their [late teens and early 20s](https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/schizophrenia) . People assigned female at birth develop the illness later, typically when they’re in their mid-20s to early 30s. - Neurotransmitters: Neurotransmitters relay signals between cells in the brain, and chemical changes may damage or impair them. This could lead to the illness. - Structure: Changes to the shape or structure of the brain could interfere with communication between neurotransmitters and cells, too. - Environmental: Researchers believe [exposure to some viruses](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10302918/) could lead to schizophrenia. Some drug and alcohol use [may also](https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/) increase the risk of schizophrenia. You are more likely to receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia when it is in the active stage. This is when symptoms become most obvious. In general, symptoms must have been present for at least [6 months](https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/schizophrenia/what-is-schizophrenia). To assist with reaching an accurate diagnosis, the doctor [will review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/) all symptoms and your psychiatric history. They’ll also likely take steps to rule out other possible causes of symptoms before confirming a schizophrenia diagnosis. Once a diagnosis is made, a doctor will also be able to determine when the active phase is over based on symptoms and behaviors. Treatments for schizophrenia are usually the same for each phase, particularly as most people do not receive a diagnosis until the active phase. Treatments a doctor may recommend [include](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539864/): - Medication: Antipsychotic medications may be able to influence the level of chemicals and neurotransmitters in the brain. This could reduce symptoms. It might also help a person avoid relapses or worsening symptoms. - Therapy: A doctor may refer a person with schizophrenia to a psychologist or psychiatrist. These mental health experts can help people learn to work through disordered thought patterns. They can also help recognize signs of a possible relapse. - Hospitalization: This emergency treatment is for an individual in immediate danger. Suicidal thoughts or hallucinations may pose a risk to the person’s safety, or even to people around them. > Where to seek emergency care > > If you or a loved one experience suicidal thoughts or dangerous behaviors, seek emergency care: > > - Dial 911 or your local emergency number. > - Visit a hospital or emergency department. > - Call the [National Suicide Prevention Lifeline](https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/) at 988. > - Text HOME to the [Crisis Text Line](https://www.crisistextline.org/) at 741741. Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder that causes a variety of symptoms. The earliest symptoms, in the prodromal phase, are similar to other conditions. You may not receive a diagnosis until the condition is in the active phase. The final stage, residual schizophrenia, still causes symptoms, but not as many. However, this phase is no longer a diagnosable phase. It’s important to contact a doctor as soon as you have concerns about schizophrenia. They can confirm the diagnosis or rule out other possible causes for your symptoms.
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