🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 98 (from laksa188)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa098.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea","crawl_time":1775034439,"first_indexed_time":1506267927,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,healthline!www,\/health\/diarrhea s443","src_root_hash":"11478817528691466898","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Diarrhea: Causes and How to Treat It","meta_descriptions":["Diarrhea causes loose, watery stools and urgent bowel movements. Learn about its causes, treatment options, and when to get help."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Diarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term.\nOften, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional.\nDiarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances.\nPotential causes\nof diarrhea include:\nviral stomach infections, such as\nrotavirus\n,\nnorovirus\n, and\nviral gastroenteritis\nbacterial stomach infections, such as\nSalmonella\nand\nE. coli\nparasitic infections\nfood intolerances, such as\nlactose intolerance\nside effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications\nconsuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol\nstomach surgery\ngastrointestinal conditions, such as:\nirritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\ninflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis\nfunctional bowel disorders\ngastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation\nceliac disease\nRotavirus infection is the\nmost common cause\nof severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally.\nCommon ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread\ninclude\ninclude poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water.\nChronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as\nirritable bowel syndrome\nor\ninflammatory bowel disease\n. Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder.\nAcute vs. chronic diarrhea\nDiarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic:\nAcute diarrhea\nlasts less than\n2 weeks\nand is often caused by stomach infections.\nSubacute diarrhea\nlasts between 2 and 4 weeks.\nChronic diarrhea\nis when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than\n4 weeks\n. Common causes of\nchronic diarrhea\ninclude IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions.\nThe main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool.\nHowever, many\nother symptoms\ncan accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include:\nnausea\nor vomiting\nabdominal pain\nor cramping\nbloating\ndehydration\npassing a large volume of stools\nYou may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them.\nDehydration and diarrhea\nDiarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause\ndehydration\nand other severe effects.\nSymptoms of dehydration include:\nfatigue\ndry mouth\nor lips\nfast\nheart rate\nheadache\nfatigue\nlightheadedness\nor dizziness\nincreased thirst\ndecreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine\nContact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration.\nDiarrhea in babies and young children\nChildren are\nparticularly susceptible\nto diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the\nsecond most common\ncause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world.\nCall a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as:\nnot peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often\ndark yellow or strong-smelling pee\ndizziness, lightheadedness, or headache\ndry mouth, lips, or skin\nfatigue\nfew to no tears when crying\nsunken eyes\nsunken fontanel\nsleepiness, irritability, or other\nchanges in mental status\nYou may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea\nat home\n, with steps like:\ndrinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks\nasking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications\nresting\navoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead\nTalk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications.\nIn more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics.\nYour medical team will decide your treatment based on:\nthe severity of the diarrhea and related condition\nthe frequency of the diarrhea and related condition\nthe degree of your dehydration status\nyour health and medical history\nyour age\nyour ability to tolerate different procedures or medications\nexpectations for improvement of your condition\nA doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples.\nAdditional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include:\na stool culture\n, to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease\ndiet elimination tests\n, to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause\nultrasound\n,\nCT scan\n, or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system\ncolonoscopy\n, to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease\nsigmoidoscopy\n, to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease\nDiarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable.\nHowever, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning,\ntraveler’s diarrhea\n, and other cases of stomach infections:\nAvoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use.\nCooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer.\nServe food immediately after preparing it.\nRefrigerate leftovers promptly.\nAlways thaw frozen food in a refrigerator.\nAvoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation.\nDrink bottled water only while on vacation.\nEat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation.\nAsk your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel.\nAsk a doctor about available vaccines, such as the\nrotavirus vaccine\n.\nThe steps below may also help\nprevent\nstomach infections from spreading between people:\nwashing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time\nusing hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available\navoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels\nfrequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea\nMost cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days.\nDiarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms:\nfever\nbloody stools\nfrequent vomiting\nAlso, get immediate treatment for a child that has\nany of the following\nsymptoms:\ndiarrhea for 24 hours or more\nfever of 102°F (39°C) or higher\npassing stools that contain blood\npassing stools that contain pus\npassing stools that are black and tarry\nThese are all symptoms that indicate an emergency.\nIf you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels.\nDiarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea.\nSometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common.\nContact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  Health Conditions\n  \n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n  \n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/cancer-care)\n  - [Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/alzheimers-disease)\n  - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/ckd)\n  - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/copd)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/digestive-health)\n  - [Eye Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/eye-health)\n  - [Heart Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/heart-health)\n  - [Menopause](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/menopause)\n  - [Mental Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health)\n  - [Migraine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/migraine)\n  - 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Connect with us for all things health.\n\nSubscribe\n\n# Diarrhea: Causes, Symptoms, and How to Treat It\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Med-Network-Headshots-500x500-Michael-Schopis-HL-Blue-copy@3x.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Michael Schopis, MD]() — Written by [Valencia Higuera]() —  [Updated on December 10, 2025]()\n\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#causes)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#symptoms)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#treatment)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#diagnosis)\n- [Prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#prevention)\n- [When to call a doctor](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#when-to-call-a-doctor)\n- [Summary](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea#summary)\n\n### Key takeaways\n- Diarrhea is when you experience frequent, loose, watery stools. You may also feel an urgent need to pass these stools. Causes range from food intolerances and medication reactions to infections and bowel diseases.\n- Dehydration is a significant risk of diarrhea, especially for babies and young children. Symptoms of dehydration need prompt attention and fluid replacement.\n- Treatment will depend on the underlying cause of your diarrhea. Preventive measures, such as frequent handwashing, proper food handling, and safe travel practices, may also reduce your risk of getting infections that can cause diarrhea.\n\nDiarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term.\n\nOften, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional.\n\n## [What causes diarrhea?]()\nDiarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances. [Potential causes](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) of diarrhea include:\n\n- viral stomach infections, such as [rotavirus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rotavirus), [norovirus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/norovirus), and [viral gastroenteritis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/viral-gastroenteritis)\n- bacterial stomach infections, such as [Salmonella](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/salmonella-enterocolitis) and [E. coli](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/e-coli-infection)\n- parasitic infections\n- food intolerances, such as [lactose intolerance](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/lactose-intolerance)\n- side effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications\n- consuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol\n- stomach surgery\n- gastrointestinal conditions, such as:\n  - irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n  - inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis\n  - functional bowel disorders\n  - gastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation\n  - celiac disease\n\nRotavirus infection is the [most common cause](https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/health-topics\/rotavirus-infections) of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally.\n\nCommon ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread [include](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rotavirus\/about\/index.html) include poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water.\n\nChronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as [irritable bowel syndrome](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/irritable-bowel-syndrome) or [inflammatory bowel disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/inflammatory-bowel-disease). Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder.\n\n**»More on this:**[Causes of sudden diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/epi\/sudden-diarrhea)\n\n### Acute vs. chronic diarrhea\nDiarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic:\n\n- **Acute diarrhea** lasts less than\n  [2 weeks](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448082\/)\n  and is often caused by stomach infections.\n- **Subacute diarrhea** lasts between 2 and 4 weeks.\n- **Chronic diarrhea** is when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than [4 weeks](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/diarrhea.html). Common causes of [chronic diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea\/chronic-diarrhea) include IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions.\n\n## [What are the symptoms of diarrhea?]()\nThe main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool.\n\nHowever, many [other symptoms](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) can accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include:\n\n- [nausea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/nausea) or vomiting\n- [abdominal pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abdominal-pain-and-diarrhea) or cramping\n- bloating\n- dehydration\n- passing a large volume of stools\n\nYou may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them.\n\n### Dehydration and diarrhea\nDiarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause [dehydration](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/severe-dehydration) and other severe effects.\n\nSymptoms of dehydration include:\n\n- [fatigue](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fatigue)\n- [dry mouth](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dry-mouth) or lips\n- fast [heart rate](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dangerous-heart-rate)\n- headache\n- fatigue\n- [lightheadedness](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/lightheadedness) or dizziness\n- increased thirst\n- decreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine\n\nContact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration.\n\n**»Learn more:**[Dehydration symptoms, complications, treatment, and prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dehydration)\n\n### Diarrhea in babies and young children\nChildren are [particularly susceptible](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK436022\/) to diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the [second most common](https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/76\/3\/e1047\/6633542) cause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world.\n\nCall a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as:\n\n- not peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often\n- dark yellow or strong-smelling pee\n- dizziness, lightheadedness, or headache\n- dry mouth, lips, or skin\n- fatigue\n- few to no tears when crying\n- sunken eyes\n- sunken fontanel\n- sleepiness, irritability, or other [changes in mental status](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/altered-mental-status)\n\n**»Read more:**[Diarrhea in babies: How to spot it, causes, and when to get help](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/baby\/baby-diarrhea)\n\n## [What are the treatment options for diarrhea?]()\nYou may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea [at home](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/treatment), with steps like:\n\n- drinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks\n- asking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications\n- resting\n- avoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead\n\n**»Learn more:**[Foods to eat and foods to avoid when you have diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-to-eat-when-you-have-diarrhea)\n\nTalk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications.\n\nIn more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics.\n\nYour medical team will decide your treatment based on:\n\n- the severity of the diarrhea and related condition\n- the frequency of the diarrhea and related condition\n- the degree of your dehydration status\n- your health and medical history\n- your age\n- your ability to tolerate different procedures or medications\n- expectations for improvement of your condition\n\n**»Learn more:**[Quick remedies for diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-get-rid-of-diarrhea-fast)\n\n## [How do doctors diagnose the cause of diarrhea?]()\nA doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples.\n\nAdditional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include:\n\n- [a stool culture](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fecal-culture), to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease\n- [diet elimination tests](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/elimination-diet), to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause\n- [ultrasound](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ultrasound), [CT scan](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ct-scan), or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system\n- [colonoscopy](https:\/\/post.healthline.com\/health\/colonoscopy), to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease\n- [sigmoidoscopy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sigmoidoscopy), to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease\n\n## [How can I prevent diarrhea?]()\nDiarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable.\n\nHowever, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning, [traveler’s diarrhea](http:\/\/healthline.com\/health\/travelers-diarrhea), and other cases of stomach infections:\n\n- Avoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use.\n- Cooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer.\n- Serve food immediately after preparing it.\n- Refrigerate leftovers promptly.\n- Always thaw frozen food in a refrigerator.\n- Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation.\n- Drink bottled water only while on vacation.\n- Eat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation.\n- Ask your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel.\n- Ask a doctor about available vaccines, such as the [rotavirus vaccine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rotavirus-vaccine-reaction).\n\n**»More on this:**[Ways to prevent food poisoning](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-prevent-foodborne-illness)\n\nThe steps below may also help [prevent](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8094449\/) stomach infections from spreading between people:\n\n- washing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time\n- using hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available\n- avoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels\n- frequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea\n\n**»Read more:**[Stomach flu causes, at-home care, and preventions](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/viral-gastroenteritis)\n\n## [When should I call a doctor for diarrhea?]()\nMost cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days.\n\nHowever, the [National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) recommends getting medical care if your symptoms last for longer than 2 days. This is because you may be getting dehydrated and need IV fluids or other treatment.\n\nDiarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms:\n\n- fever\n- bloody stools\n- frequent vomiting\n\nAlso, get immediate treatment for a child that has [any of the following](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) symptoms:\n\n- diarrhea for 24 hours or more\n- fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher\n- passing stools that contain blood\n- passing stools that contain pus\n- passing stools that are black and tarry\n\nThese are all symptoms that indicate an emergency.\n\n### Call 911\nIf you or someone around you experiences symptoms of severe diarrhea and dehydration or any of the symptoms above, call 911 or your local emergency number, or go to the nearest emergency department.\n\n## [Summary]()\nIf you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels.\n\nDiarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea.\n\nSometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common.\n\nContact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency.\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nHistory\n\nHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/process).\n\n- About rotavirus. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rotavirus\/about\/index.html>\n- Daley SF, et al. (2024). Pediatric dehydration.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK436022\/>\n- Diarrhea. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea>\n- Diarrhea. (2025).  \n  <https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/diarrhea.html>\n- Ejemot-Nwadiaro RI, et al. (2021). Hand‐washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea.  \n  <https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8094449\/>\n- Hartman RM, et al. (2023). Risk factors for mortality among children younger than age 5 years with severe diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries: Findings from the World Health Organization-coordinated Global Rotavirus and Pediatric Diarrhea Surveillance Networks.  \n  <https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/76\/3\/e1047\/6633542>\n- Nemeth V, et al. (2022). Diarrhea.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448082\/>\n- Rotavirus infections. (n.d.).  \n  <https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/health-topics\/rotavirus-infections>\n- Tello L, et al. (2016). Fluid and electrolyte therapy during vomiting and diarrhea.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7185384\/>\n- Vega RM, et al. (2021). Pediatric dehydration.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK436022\/>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Med-Network-Headshots-500x500-Michael-Schopis-HL-Blue-copy@3x.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Michael Schopis, MD]() — Written by [Valencia Higuera]() —  [Updated on December 10, 2025]()\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-policy)\n- Privacy Settings\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/advertising-policy)\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n\n- [Sitemap](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/sitemap)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Diarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term.\n\nOften, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional.\n\nDiarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances. [Potential causes](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) of diarrhea include:\n\n- viral stomach infections, such as [rotavirus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rotavirus), [norovirus](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/norovirus), and [viral gastroenteritis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/viral-gastroenteritis)\n- bacterial stomach infections, such as [Salmonella](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/salmonella-enterocolitis) and [E. coli](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/e-coli-infection)\n- parasitic infections\n- food intolerances, such as [lactose intolerance](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/lactose-intolerance)\n- side effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications\n- consuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol\n- stomach surgery\n- gastrointestinal conditions, such as:\n  - irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\n  - inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis\n  - functional bowel disorders\n  - gastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation\n  - celiac disease\n\nRotavirus infection is the [most common cause](https:\/\/www.who.int\/westernpacific\/health-topics\/rotavirus-infections) of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally.\n\nCommon ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread [include](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rotavirus\/about\/index.html) include poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water.\n\nChronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as [irritable bowel syndrome](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/irritable-bowel-syndrome) or [inflammatory bowel disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/inflammatory-bowel-disease). Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder.\n\nAcute vs. chronic diarrhea\n\nDiarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic:\n\n- **Acute diarrhea** lasts less than\n  [2 weeks](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448082\/)\n  and is often caused by stomach infections.\n- **Subacute diarrhea** lasts between 2 and 4 weeks.\n- **Chronic diarrhea** is when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than [4 weeks](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/diarrhea.html). Common causes of [chronic diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diarrhea\/chronic-diarrhea) include IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions.\n\nThe main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool.\n\nHowever, many [other symptoms](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) can accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include:\n\n- [nausea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/nausea) or vomiting\n- [abdominal pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abdominal-pain-and-diarrhea) or cramping\n- bloating\n- dehydration\n- passing a large volume of stools\n\nYou may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them.\n\nDehydration and diarrhea\n\nDiarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause [dehydration](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/severe-dehydration) and other severe effects.\n\nSymptoms of dehydration include:\n\n- [fatigue](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fatigue)\n- [dry mouth](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dry-mouth) or lips\n- fast [heart rate](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dangerous-heart-rate)\n- headache\n- fatigue\n- [lightheadedness](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/lightheadedness) or dizziness\n- increased thirst\n- decreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine\n\nContact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration.\n\nDiarrhea in babies and young children\n\nChildren are [particularly susceptible](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK436022\/) to diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the [second most common](https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/76\/3\/e1047\/6633542) cause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world.\n\nCall a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as:\n\n- not peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often\n- dark yellow or strong-smelling pee\n- dizziness, lightheadedness, or headache\n- dry mouth, lips, or skin\n- fatigue\n- few to no tears when crying\n- sunken eyes\n- sunken fontanel\n- sleepiness, irritability, or other [changes in mental status](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/altered-mental-status)\n\nYou may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea [at home](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/treatment), with steps like:\n\n- drinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks\n- asking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications\n- resting\n- avoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead\n\nTalk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications.\n\nIn more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics.\n\nYour medical team will decide your treatment based on:\n\n- the severity of the diarrhea and related condition\n- the frequency of the diarrhea and related condition\n- the degree of your dehydration status\n- your health and medical history\n- your age\n- your ability to tolerate different procedures or medications\n- expectations for improvement of your condition\n\nA doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples.\n\nAdditional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include:\n\n- [a stool culture](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fecal-culture), to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease\n- [diet elimination tests](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/elimination-diet), to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause\n- [ultrasound](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ultrasound), [CT scan](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ct-scan), or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system\n- [colonoscopy](https:\/\/post.healthline.com\/health\/colonoscopy), to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease\n- [sigmoidoscopy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sigmoidoscopy), to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease\n\nDiarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable.\n\nHowever, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning, [traveler’s diarrhea](http:\/\/healthline.com\/health\/travelers-diarrhea), and other cases of stomach infections:\n\n- Avoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use.\n- Cooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer.\n- Serve food immediately after preparing it.\n- Refrigerate leftovers promptly.\n- Always thaw frozen food in a refrigerator.\n- Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation.\n- Drink bottled water only while on vacation.\n- Eat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation.\n- Ask your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel.\n- Ask a doctor about available vaccines, such as the [rotavirus vaccine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/rotavirus-vaccine-reaction).\n\nThe steps below may also help [prevent](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8094449\/) stomach infections from spreading between people:\n\n- washing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time\n- using hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available\n- avoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels\n- frequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea\n\nMost cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days.\n\nDiarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms:\n\n- fever\n- bloody stools\n- frequent vomiting\n\nAlso, get immediate treatment for a child that has [any of the following](https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/digestive-diseases\/diarrhea\/symptoms-causes) symptoms:\n\n- diarrhea for 24 hours or more\n- fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher\n- passing stools that contain blood\n- passing stools that contain pus\n- passing stools that are black and tarry\n\nThese are all symptoms that indicate an emergency.\n\nIf you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels.\n\nDiarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea.\n\nSometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common.\n\nContact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency.","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Title	Diarrhea: Causes and How to Treat It
Meta Description	Diarrhea causes loose, watery stools and urgent bowel movements. Learn about its causes, treatment options, and when to get help.
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Boilerpipe Text	Diarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term. Often, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional. Diarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances. Potential causes of diarrhea include: viral stomach infections, such as rotavirus , norovirus , and viral gastroenteritis bacterial stomach infections, such as Salmonella and E. coli parasitic infections food intolerances, such as lactose intolerance side effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications consuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol stomach surgery gastrointestinal conditions, such as: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis functional bowel disorders gastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation celiac disease Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally. Common ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread include include poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water. Chronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease . Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder. Acute vs. chronic diarrhea Diarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic: Acute diarrhea lasts less than 2 weeks and is often caused by stomach infections. Subacute diarrhea lasts between 2 and 4 weeks. Chronic diarrhea is when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than 4 weeks . Common causes of chronic diarrhea include IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions. The main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool. However, many other symptoms can accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include: nausea or vomiting abdominal pain or cramping bloating dehydration passing a large volume of stools You may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them. Dehydration and diarrhea Diarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause dehydration and other severe effects. Symptoms of dehydration include: fatigue dry mouth or lips fast heart rate headache fatigue lightheadedness or dizziness increased thirst decreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine Contact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration. Diarrhea in babies and young children Children are particularly susceptible to diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the second most common cause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world. Call a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as: not peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often dark yellow or strong-smelling pee dizziness, lightheadedness, or headache dry mouth, lips, or skin fatigue few to no tears when crying sunken eyes sunken fontanel sleepiness, irritability, or other changes in mental status You may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea at home , with steps like: drinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks asking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications resting avoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead Talk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications. In more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics. Your medical team will decide your treatment based on: the severity of the diarrhea and related condition the frequency of the diarrhea and related condition the degree of your dehydration status your health and medical history your age your ability to tolerate different procedures or medications expectations for improvement of your condition A doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples. Additional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include: a stool culture , to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease diet elimination tests , to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause ultrasound , CT scan , or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system colonoscopy , to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease sigmoidoscopy , to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease Diarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable. However, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning, traveler’s diarrhea , and other cases of stomach infections: Avoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use. Cooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer. Serve food immediately after preparing it. Refrigerate leftovers promptly. Always thaw frozen food in a refrigerator. Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation. Drink bottled water only while on vacation. Eat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation. Ask your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel. Ask a doctor about available vaccines, such as the rotavirus vaccine . The steps below may also help prevent stomach infections from spreading between people: washing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time using hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available avoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels frequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea Most cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days. Diarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms: fever bloody stools frequent vomiting Also, get immediate treatment for a child that has any of the following symptoms: diarrhea for 24 hours or more fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher passing stools that contain blood passing stools that contain pus passing stools that are black and tarry These are all symptoms that indicate an emergency. If you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels. Diarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea. Sometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common. Contact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency.
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Connect with us for all things health. Subscribe # Diarrhea: Causes, Symptoms, and How to Treat It ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Med-Network-Headshots-500x500-Michael-Schopis-HL-Blue-copy@3x.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Michael Schopis, MD]() — Written by [Valencia Higuera]() — [Updated on December 10, 2025]() - [Causes](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#causes) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#symptoms) - [Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#treatment) - [Diagnosis](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#diagnosis) - [Prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#prevention) - [When to call a doctor](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#when-to-call-a-doctor) - [Summary](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea#summary) ### Key takeaways - Diarrhea is when you experience frequent, loose, watery stools. You may also feel an urgent need to pass these stools. Causes range from food intolerances and medication reactions to infections and bowel diseases. - Dehydration is a significant risk of diarrhea, especially for babies and young children. Symptoms of dehydration need prompt attention and fluid replacement. - Treatment will depend on the underlying cause of your diarrhea. Preventive measures, such as frequent handwashing, proper food handling, and safe travel practices, may also reduce your risk of getting infections that can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term. Often, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional. ## [What causes diarrhea?]() Diarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances. [Potential causes](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) of diarrhea include: - viral stomach infections, such as [rotavirus](https://www.healthline.com/health/rotavirus), [norovirus](https://www.healthline.com/health/norovirus), and [viral gastroenteritis](https://www.healthline.com/health/viral-gastroenteritis) - bacterial stomach infections, such as [Salmonella](https://www.healthline.com/health/salmonella-enterocolitis) and [E. coli](https://www.healthline.com/health/e-coli-infection) - parasitic infections - food intolerances, such as [lactose intolerance](https://www.healthline.com/health/lactose-intolerance) - side effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications - consuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol - stomach surgery - gastrointestinal conditions, such as: - irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis - functional bowel disorders - gastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation - celiac disease Rotavirus infection is the [most common cause](https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/rotavirus-infections) of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally. Common ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread [include](https://www.cdc.gov/rotavirus/about/index.html) include poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water. Chronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as [irritable bowel syndrome](https://www.healthline.com/health/irritable-bowel-syndrome) or [inflammatory bowel disease](https://www.healthline.com/health/inflammatory-bowel-disease). Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder. »More on this:[Causes of sudden diarrhea](https://www.healthline.com/health/epi/sudden-diarrhea) ### Acute vs. chronic diarrhea Diarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic: - Acute diarrhea lasts less than [2 weeks](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448082/) and is often caused by stomach infections. - Subacute diarrhea lasts between 2 and 4 weeks. - Chronic diarrhea is when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than [4 weeks](https://medlineplus.gov/diarrhea.html). Common causes of [chronic diarrhea](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea/chronic-diarrhea) include IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions. ## [What are the symptoms of diarrhea?]() The main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool. However, many [other symptoms](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) can accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include: - [nausea](https://www.healthline.com/health/nausea) or vomiting - [abdominal pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/abdominal-pain-and-diarrhea) or cramping - bloating - dehydration - passing a large volume of stools You may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them. ### Dehydration and diarrhea Diarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause [dehydration](https://www.healthline.com/health/severe-dehydration) and other severe effects. Symptoms of dehydration include: - [fatigue](https://www.healthline.com/health/fatigue) - [dry mouth](https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-mouth) or lips - fast [heart rate](https://www.healthline.com/health/dangerous-heart-rate) - headache - fatigue - [lightheadedness](https://www.healthline.com/health/lightheadedness) or dizziness - increased thirst - decreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine Contact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration. »Learn more:[Dehydration symptoms, complications, treatment, and prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/dehydration) ### Diarrhea in babies and young children Children are [particularly susceptible](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436022/) to diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the [second most common](https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/76/3/e1047/6633542) cause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world. Call a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as: - not peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often - dark yellow or strong-smelling pee - dizziness, lightheadedness, or headache - dry mouth, lips, or skin - fatigue - few to no tears when crying - sunken eyes - sunken fontanel - sleepiness, irritability, or other [changes in mental status](https://www.healthline.com/health/altered-mental-status) »Read more:[Diarrhea in babies: How to spot it, causes, and when to get help](https://www.healthline.com/health/baby/baby-diarrhea) ## [What are the treatment options for diarrhea?]() You may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea [at home](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/treatment), with steps like: - drinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks - asking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications - resting - avoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead »Learn more:[Foods to eat and foods to avoid when you have diarrhea](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-to-eat-when-you-have-diarrhea) Talk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications. In more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics. Your medical team will decide your treatment based on: - the severity of the diarrhea and related condition - the frequency of the diarrhea and related condition - the degree of your dehydration status - your health and medical history - your age - your ability to tolerate different procedures or medications - expectations for improvement of your condition »Learn more:[Quick remedies for diarrhea](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-get-rid-of-diarrhea-fast) ## [How do doctors diagnose the cause of diarrhea?]() A doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples. Additional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include: - [a stool culture](https://www.healthline.com/health/fecal-culture), to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease - [diet elimination tests](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/elimination-diet), to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause - [ultrasound](https://www.healthline.com/health/ultrasound), [CT scan](https://www.healthline.com/health/ct-scan), or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system - [colonoscopy](https://post.healthline.com/health/colonoscopy), to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease - [sigmoidoscopy](https://www.healthline.com/health/sigmoidoscopy), to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease ## [How can I prevent diarrhea?]() Diarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable. However, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning, [traveler’s diarrhea](http://healthline.com/health/travelers-diarrhea), and other cases of stomach infections: - Avoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use. - Cooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer. - Serve food immediately after preparing it. - Refrigerate leftovers promptly. - Always thaw frozen food in a refrigerator. - Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation. - Drink bottled water only while on vacation. - Eat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation. - Ask your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel. - Ask a doctor about available vaccines, such as the [rotavirus vaccine](https://www.healthline.com/health/rotavirus-vaccine-reaction). »More on this:[Ways to prevent food poisoning](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-prevent-foodborne-illness) The steps below may also help [prevent](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8094449/) stomach infections from spreading between people: - washing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time - using hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available - avoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels - frequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea »Read more:[Stomach flu causes, at-home care, and preventions](https://www.healthline.com/health/viral-gastroenteritis) ## [When should I call a doctor for diarrhea?]() Most cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days. However, the [National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) recommends getting medical care if your symptoms last for longer than 2 days. This is because you may be getting dehydrated and need IV fluids or other treatment. Diarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms: - fever - bloody stools - frequent vomiting Also, get immediate treatment for a child that has [any of the following](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) symptoms: - diarrhea for 24 hours or more - fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher - passing stools that contain blood - passing stools that contain pus - passing stools that are black and tarry These are all symptoms that indicate an emergency. ### Call 911 If you or someone around you experiences symptoms of severe diarrhea and dehydration or any of the symptoms above, call 911 or your local emergency number, or go to the nearest emergency department. ## [Summary]() If you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels. Diarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea. Sometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common. Contact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency. ### How we reviewed this article: Sources History Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.healthline.com/about/process). - About rotavirus. (2024). <https://www.cdc.gov/rotavirus/about/index.html> - Daley SF, et al. (2024). Pediatric dehydration. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436022/> - Diarrhea. (2024). <https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea> - Diarrhea. (2025). <https://medlineplus.gov/diarrhea.html> - Ejemot-Nwadiaro RI, et al. (2021). Hand‐washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea. <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8094449/> - Hartman RM, et al. (2023). Risk factors for mortality among children younger than age 5 years with severe diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries: Findings from the World Health Organization-coordinated Global Rotavirus and Pediatric Diarrhea Surveillance Networks. <https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/76/3/e1047/6633542> - Nemeth V, et al. (2022). Diarrhea. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448082/> - Rotavirus infections. (n.d.). <https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/rotavirus-infections> - Tello L, et al. (2016). Fluid and electrolyte therapy during vomiting and diarrhea. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7185384/> - Vega RM, et al. (2021). Pediatric dehydration. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436022/> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Med-Network-Headshots-500x500-Michael-Schopis-HL-Blue-copy@3x.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Michael Schopis, MD]() — Written by [Valencia Higuera]() — [Updated on December 10, 2025]() © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. 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Readable Markdown	Diarrhea can range in severity, from mild and temporary to severe or long-term. Often, you can manage mild diarrhea at home, such as with rest, staying hydrated, and asking a pharmacist about over-the-counter remedies. However, severe or subacute diarrhea, or diarrhea with other symptoms, needs care from a medical professional. Diarrhea can occur due to several different conditions or circumstances. [Potential causes](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) of diarrhea include: - viral stomach infections, such as [rotavirus](https://www.healthline.com/health/rotavirus), [norovirus](https://www.healthline.com/health/norovirus), and [viral gastroenteritis](https://www.healthline.com/health/viral-gastroenteritis) - bacterial stomach infections, such as [Salmonella](https://www.healthline.com/health/salmonella-enterocolitis) and [E. coli](https://www.healthline.com/health/e-coli-infection) - parasitic infections - food intolerances, such as [lactose intolerance](https://www.healthline.com/health/lactose-intolerance) - side effects from some medications, like some antibiotics, medications containing magnesium, and cancer-treating medications - consuming sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol - stomach surgery - gastrointestinal conditions, such as: - irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis - functional bowel disorders - gastroenteritis or “stomach flu,” inflammation caused by infection or other irritation - celiac disease Rotavirus infection is the [most common cause](https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/rotavirus-infections) of severe diarrhea in infants and young children globally. Common ways that rotavirus and other stomach infections spread [include](https://www.cdc.gov/rotavirus/about/index.html) include poor handwashing, eating contaminated food, or exposure to waste or contaminated water. Chronic diarrhea may be a symptom of a more severe condition such as [irritable bowel syndrome](https://www.healthline.com/health/irritable-bowel-syndrome) or [inflammatory bowel disease](https://www.healthline.com/health/inflammatory-bowel-disease). Frequent and severe diarrhea could be a sign of intestinal disease or a functional bowel disorder. Acute vs. chronic diarrhea Diarrhea can be acute, subacute, or chronic: - Acute diarrhea lasts less than [2 weeks](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448082/) and is often caused by stomach infections. - Subacute diarrhea lasts between 2 and 4 weeks. - Chronic diarrhea is when you have diarrhea on most days for longer than [4 weeks](https://medlineplus.gov/diarrhea.html). Common causes of [chronic diarrhea](https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea/chronic-diarrhea) include IBS, IBD, and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions. The main symptoms of diarrhea are having frequent loose, watery stools and a feeling of urgently needing to pass stool. However, many [other symptoms](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) can accompany diarrhea. The exact symptoms you experience may depend slightly on the diarrhea’s cause and severity. Examples of additional diarrhea symptoms include: - [nausea](https://www.healthline.com/health/nausea) or vomiting - [abdominal pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/abdominal-pain-and-diarrhea) or cramping - bloating - dehydration - passing a large volume of stools You may have only a few diarrhea symptoms to a combination of all of them. Dehydration and diarrhea Diarrhea can cause you to lose fluids quickly. If you don’t receive treatment for diarrhea, it may cause [dehydration](https://www.healthline.com/health/severe-dehydration) and other severe effects. Symptoms of dehydration include: - [fatigue](https://www.healthline.com/health/fatigue) - [dry mouth](https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-mouth) or lips - fast [heart rate](https://www.healthline.com/health/dangerous-heart-rate) - headache - fatigue - [lightheadedness](https://www.healthline.com/health/lightheadedness) or dizziness - increased thirst - decreased urination and dark, strong-smelling urine Contact your doctor as soon as possible if you think your diarrhea is causing dehydration. Diarrhea in babies and young children Children are [particularly susceptible](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436022/) to diarrhea, dehydration, and their complications. According to experts, diarrhea is the [second most common](https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/76/3/e1047/6633542) cause of death in children under the age of 5 around the world. Call a doctor or seek emergency care immediately if you notice symptoms of dehydration in a child or infant, such as: - not peeing as often as usual, such as not wetting diapers as often - dark yellow or strong-smelling pee - dizziness, lightheadedness, or headache - dry mouth, lips, or skin - fatigue - few to no tears when crying - sunken eyes - sunken fontanel - sleepiness, irritability, or other [changes in mental status](https://www.healthline.com/health/altered-mental-status) You may be able to treat mild cases of acute diarrhea [at home](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/treatment), with steps like: - drinking more water or rehydration drinks, including oral rehydration solutions or sports drinks - asking a pharmacist or doctor whether you can take any over-the-counter antidiarrhea medications - resting - avoiding irritating foods, eating bland foods instead Talk with a pharmacist or doctor for their recommendations before using oral rehydration solutions if you are an older adult or have other health conditions, such as a weak immune system, diabetes, or kidney disease. Also, doctors often recommend against giving children and infants over-the-counter diarrhea medications. In more severe cases, you may need fluids through intravenous (IV) therapy, such as in a healthcare center or hospital. If a bacterial infection is the cause of your diarrhea, a doctor may also prescribe antibiotics. Your medical team will decide your treatment based on: - the severity of the diarrhea and related condition - the frequency of the diarrhea and related condition - the degree of your dehydration status - your health and medical history - your age - your ability to tolerate different procedures or medications - expectations for improvement of your condition A doctor will complete a physical examination and consider your medical history when diagnosing the cause of your diarrhea. They may also request laboratory tests to examine urine and blood samples. Additional tests your doctor may order to determine the cause of your diarrhea include: - [a stool culture](https://www.healthline.com/health/fecal-culture), to check for bacteria, viruses, parasites, or other signs of disease - [diet elimination tests](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/elimination-diet), to determine whether a food intolerance or allergy is the cause - [ultrasound](https://www.healthline.com/health/ultrasound), [CT scan](https://www.healthline.com/health/ct-scan), or other imaging scans to check for inflammation or structural problems in your digestive system - [colonoscopy](https://post.healthline.com/health/colonoscopy), to check your colon for signs of intestinal disease - [sigmoidoscopy](https://www.healthline.com/health/sigmoidoscopy), to check your rectum and lower colon for signs of intestinal disease Diarrhea can occur for various reasons, and isn’t always preventable. However, some steps can help reduce your chances of food poisoning, [traveler’s diarrhea](http://healthline.com/health/travelers-diarrhea), and other cases of stomach infections: - Avoid developing diarrhea from food poisoning by sanitizing your food preparation areas and cooking tools thoroughly after each use. - Cooking food to safe temperatures, which you can check with a food thermometer. - Serve food immediately after preparing it. - Refrigerate leftovers promptly. - Always thaw frozen food in a refrigerator. - Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and fresh produce that has likely been washed with tap water while you’re on vacation. - Drink bottled water only while on vacation. - Eat only cooked, and no raw, food while on vacation. - Ask your doctor if you can begin an antibiotic treatment before you travel. - Ask a doctor about available vaccines, such as the [rotavirus vaccine](https://www.healthline.com/health/rotavirus-vaccine-reaction). The steps below may also help [prevent](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8094449/) stomach infections from spreading between people: - washing your hands with soap and water frequently, for at least 20 seconds each time - using hand sanitizer if soap and clean water aren’t available - avoiding sharing personal items, such as silverware, drinking glasses, and towels - frequently sanitizing household surfaces when someone you live with has diarrhea Most cases of acute diarrhea improve on their own, with symptoms typically improving within a few days. Diarrhea can also be a symptom of some medical emergencies. Get immediate help if you experience loose, watery stools alongside any of the following symptoms: - fever - bloody stools - frequent vomiting Also, get immediate treatment for a child that has [any of the following](https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diarrhea/symptoms-causes) symptoms: - diarrhea for 24 hours or more - fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher - passing stools that contain blood - passing stools that contain pus - passing stools that are black and tarry These are all symptoms that indicate an emergency. If you have diarrhea, you experience loose, watery stools multiple times a day. You may also experience sudden urges to empty your bowels. Diarrhea is often the result of a stomach infection, typically from bacteria or viruses. Food intolerances, the side effects of medications, and underlying chronic conditions can also cause diarrhea. Sometimes, diarrhea can lead to complications, such as dehydration, which can be severe in some cases. Diarrhea can also be subacute or chronic, lasting for 2 weeks or more, although this is less common. Contact a doctor if you have diarrhea symptoms for more than 2 days. If a child you care for has symptoms of diarrhea or dehydration, seek medical care immediately. Children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible to diarrhea and dehydration, and they are often a medical emergency.
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