🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 98 (from laksa111)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa098.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety","crawl_time":1769966324,"first_indexed_time":1705102806,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,healthline!www,\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety s443","src_root_hash":"11478817528691466898","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Long COVID and Anxiety: Connections, Treatments, and More","meta_descriptions":["While we don't fully understand why, developing anxiety as a long COVID symptom is common. However, we do know how to treat it."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Most mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection.\nLong COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition.\nBelow, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom.\nResearch\nhas shown that there’s a link between long-term\nCOVID-19\nand an increase in mental health symptoms like\nanxiety\nand\ndepression\n.\nOne research review\nfound that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However,\nother studies\nhave reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%.\nIn one\nmeta-analysis\nfrom 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\nResults of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\nIn addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances.\nCan long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks?\nA\npanic attack\ndescribes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions.\nAlthough studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks.\nOne of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like\nanxiety and depression\n.\nIn one\nstudy from 2022\n, researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID.\nThe results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause.\nStill,\nresearch\non this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes.\nIt’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure\nhow long\nthe symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic.\nBut even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based\ntreatment approaches\nfor anxiety.\nTherapy\nTherapy\nis one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including:\nacceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)\ncognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)\ndialectical behavior therapy (DBT)\nexposure-based therapies\nEach of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy.\nMedications\nMedications\nare also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include:\nantidepressants\n, which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine\nbeta-blockers\n, which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety\nbenzodiazepines\n, which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety\nLifestyle changes\nAnxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19.\nIf you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  ### Health Conditions\n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n  \n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/cancer-care)\n  - [Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/alzheimers-disease)\n  - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/ckd)\n  - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/copd)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/digestive-health)\n  - [Eye Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/eye-health)\n  - [Heart Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/heart-health)\n  - [Menopause](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/menopause)\n  - [Mental Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health)\n  - [Migraine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/migraine)\n  - [Multiple Sclerosis (MS)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/multiple-sclerosis)\n  - 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[Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Essentials](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/app\/inflammatory-bowel-disease?utm_source=lessonshome)\n  - [Diabetes Nutrition](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/app\/type-2-diabetes?utm_source=lessonshome)\n  - [High Cholesterol](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/app\/high-cholesterol?utm_source=lessonshome)\n  - [Taming Inflammation in Psoriasis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/app\/pso-inflammation?utm_source=lessonshome)\n  - [Taming Inflammation in Psoriatic Arthritis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/app\/psa-inflammation?utm_source=lessonshome)\n  \n  ### Newsletters\n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n  \n  - [Anxiety and Depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup\/anxiety-and-depression)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup\/ibd)\n  - [Heart Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup\/heart-health)\n  - [Migraine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup\/migraine)\n  - 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[Future of Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/video\/future-of-health)\n- Connect\n  ### Find Your Bezzy Community\n  Bezzy communities provide meaningful connections with others living with chronic conditions. Join Bezzy on the web or mobile app.\n  \n  [All](https:\/\/www.bezzy.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=nav-bar-connections)\n  \n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bezzy-Breast-Cancer.png) Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.bezzybc.com\/lp\/2\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bezzy-Multiple-Sclerosis.png) Multiple Sclerosis](https:\/\/www.bezzyms.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bezzy-DEP-Icon-Circle.png) Depression](https:\/\/www.bezzydepression.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Bezzy-MIG-Icon-Circle.png) Migraine](https:\/\/www.bezzymigraine.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Bezzy-T2D-Icon-Circle.png) Type 2 Diabetes](https:\/\/www.bezzyt2d.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  - [![](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Bezzy-PsO.png) Psoriasis](https:\/\/www.bezzypsoriasis.com\/?utm_source=healthline&utm_medium=hl-nav-bar-connections)\n  \n  ### Follow us on social media\n  Can't get enough? Connect with us for all things health.\n\nSubscribe\n\n[Anxiety and Depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression)\n\n- [Anxiety Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/anxiety-treatment)\n- [Depression Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/depression-treatment)\n- [Crisis Support](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/crisis-support)\n- [Navigating Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/therapy)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/symptom-management)\n- [Better Sleep](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/sleep-resources)\n- [Nutrition & Supplements](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/nutrition-supplements)\n- [Relationships](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/relationships)\n- [Emotional Well-Being](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/emotional-well-being)\n- [Physical Activity & Exercises](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/physical-activity-exercises)\n- [Resources for Doctors' Visits](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/doctor-guide)\n- [Comorbidities](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/anxiety-and-depression\/comorbidities)\n\nExplore more in\n\n- Causes & Risk Factors\n- Complications\n- Diagnosis\n- Diet\n- Home Remedies\n- Management\n- Prognosis\n- Related Conditions\n- Symptoms\n- Treatment\n- Types\n\nAnxiety\n\n#### Related Hubs\n[![Mental Well-Being](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/digestive-health-crohns-disease.png)Mental Well-Being A holistic guide to care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health)\n\n[![Anxiety Treatment and Management](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mental-well-being-Treatment-for-anxiety.png)Anxiety Treatment and Management A guide to therapy, medications, and techniques for managing anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health\/anxiety)\n#### Related Topics\n- ### Causes & Risk Factors\n  Causes & Risk Factors\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Causes & Risk Factors](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-causes)\n  - [Anemia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anemia-and-anxiety)\n  - [Common Triggers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anxiety-triggers)\n  - [Caffeine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/caffeine-and-anxiety)\n  - [Genetics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/is-anxiety-genetic)\n  - [Perimenopause](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/perimenopause-anxiety)\n  - [Dehydration](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/dehydration-and-anxiety)\n  - [Long COVID](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety)\n  - [Alcohol](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/alcohol-and-anxiety)\n  - [After Eating](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-after-eating)\n  - [Trauma](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/whats-the-relationship-between-trauma-and-anxiety)\n- ### Complications\n  Complications\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Diarrhea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-diarrhea)\n  - [Erectile Dysfunction](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/erectile-dysfunction-anxiety-stress)\n  - [Memory Loss](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/anxiety-and-memory-loss)\n  - [Waking Up with a Panic Attack](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/waking-up-with-panic-attack)\n  - [Rebound Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/rebound-anxiety)\n- ### Diagnosis\n  Diagnosis\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-diagnosis)\n- ### Diet\n  Diet\n  \n  #### Related Hub\n  [![Nutrition & Supplements](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/eye-health-nutrition-and-supplements.png)Nutrition & Supplements Nutrition tips and tools for supporting mental well-being](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health\/nutrition-supplements)\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Diet](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/6-foods-that-reduce-anxiety)\n- ### Home Remedies\n  Home Remedies\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Home Remedies](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-alternative-treatments)\n  - [333 Rule](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/333-rule-anxiety)\n  - [Breathing into a Paper Bag](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/breathing-into-a-paper-bag)\n  - [Cold Shower](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/cold-shower-for-anxiety)\n  - [Best Essential Oils](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/essential-oils-for-anxiety)\n  - [Melatonin](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/melatonin-for-anxiety)\n  - [CBD Gummies for Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-cbd-gummies-for-anxiety)\n  - [Best CBD Oils for Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-cbd-oil-for-anxiety)\n  - [Anxiety Relief Products](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-products-to-fight-stress-and-anxiety)\n  - [Calming Tips](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-calm-anxiety)\n  - [Natural Products](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/natural-anti-anxiety)\n  - [Pressure Points](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/pressure-points-for-anxiety)\n  - [Jacobson's Relaxation Technique](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-is-jacobson-relaxation-technique)\n  - [Weighted Blankets](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/do-weighted-blankets-work)\n  - [Psilocybin Mushrooms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/mushrooms-for-anxiety)\n  - [Best Fidget Toys](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fidget-toys-for-anxiety)\n- ### Management\n  Management\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Management](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/how-to-cope-with-anxiety)\n  - [Bowel Movements](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/is-anxiety-making-you-poop-heres-how-to-soothe)\n  - [Tips for Social Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/how-to-get-over-social-anxiety)\n  - [Yoga Poses](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/yoga-for-anxiety)\n  - [Breating Exercises](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/breathing-exercises-for-anxiety)\n  - [Lifestyle Tips](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/natural-ways-to-reduce-anxiety)\n  - [Books](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/best-anxiety-books)\n  - [Podcasts](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/podcasts-for-anxiety)\n  - [Mobile Apps](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/top-iphone-android-apps)\n  - [Grounding Techniques](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/grounding-techniques)\n  - [Stop a Panic Attack](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-stop-a-panic-attack)\n  - [Overthinking](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-stop-overthinking)\n  - [Marijuana](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/marijuana-and-anxiety)\n  - [Pre-Menstruation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-before-period)\n  - [Tips to Stop Worrying](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/catastrophizing)\n  - [Acupuncture](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/acupuncture-for-anxiety)\n  - [Anxiety at Night](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anxiety-at-night)\n  - [Separation from Partner](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/separation-anxiety-from-boyfriend)\n  - [Post-Breakup](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/anxiety-after-breakup)\n- ### Prognosis\n  Prognosis\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Outlook](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/does-anxiety-ever-go-away)\n- ### Related Conditions\n  Related Conditions\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Nervous Breakdown](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/nervous-breakdown)\n  - [ADHD](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/adhd-and-anxiety)\n  - [Insomnia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-insomnia)\n  - [Social Anxiety and Introversion](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/introvert-vs-social-anxiety)\n  - [Social Anxiety and Autism](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/autism\/social-anxiety-vs-autism)\n  - [GERD](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/gerd-and-anxiety)\n  - [Depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/depression-and-anxiety)\n  - [Stress](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/stress-and-anxiety)\n  - [Vs. Paranoia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/paranoia-vs-anxiety)\n  - [Panic Attack vs. Anxiety Attack](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/panic-attack-vs-anxiety-attack)\n- ### Symptoms\n  Symptoms\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-disorder-symptoms)\n  - [Numb and Tingly](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-numbness)\n  - [Sore Throat](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-sore-throat)\n  - [Itching](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anxiety-and-itching)\n  - [Sweating](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/diagnosing-hyperhidrosis\/depression-and-anxiety)\n  - [Dry Mouth](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dry-mouth-anxiety)\n  - [Loss of Appetite](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/anxiety-lose-appetite)\n  - [Headaches](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/headache\/anxiety-headaches)\n  - [Shaking](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-shaking)\n  - [Chest Pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anxiety-chest-pain)\n  - [Nausea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/anxiety-nausea)\n  - [Heart Palpitations](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/can-anxiety-cause-heart-palpitations)\n  - [Tiredness](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/can-having-anxiety-make-you-feel-tired)\n  - [Effects on the Body](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/effects-on-body)\n  - [Brain Fog](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/brain-fog-anxiety)\n  - [Depersonalization](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/coping-with-depersonalization)\n  - [Physical Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/physical-symptoms-of-anxiety)\n- ### Treatment\n  Treatment\n  \n  #### Related Hub\n  [![Therapy](https:\/\/media.post.rvohealth.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mental-well-being-navigating-therapy.png)Therapy Resources for finding and receiving therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/mental-health\/treatment)\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Types of Doctors](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-doctors)\n  - [Medications](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-drugs)\n  - [Benadryl](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/benadryl-for-anxiety)\n  - [Ketamine Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/ketamine-for-anxiety)\n  - [Promethazine](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/promethazine-for-anxiety)\n  - [Prozac](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/prozac-for-anxiety)\n  - [Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/social-anxiety-disorder-cognitive-behavioral-therapy)\n  - [Social Anxiety Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/social-anxiety-treatment)\n  - [Beta-Blockers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/beta-blockers-for-anxiety)\n  - [Trazodone](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/trazodone-for-anxiety)\n  - [How to Find a Therapist](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-find-a-therapist)\n  - [How to Find Mental Health Services](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/mental-health-services)\n  - [Online Psychiatrist Platforms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/online-psychiatrist)\n  - [Low Cost and Free Online Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/online-therapist-for-free)\n  - [Online Therapy with Insurance](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/online-therapy-that-takes-insurance)\n  - [Talk Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/talk-therapy)\n  - [Online Therapy Services](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/our-top-10-online-therapy-picks)\n  - [Affordable Online Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/therapy-for-every-budget)\n- ### Types\n  Types\n  \n  #### Related Articles\n  - [Generalized Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/generalized-anxiety-disorder)\n  - [Social Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/social-phobia)\n  - [Anticipatory Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anticipatory-anxiety)\n  - [Money Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/money-anxiety)\n  - [Subconscious Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/subconscious-anxiety)\n  - [Travel Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/travel-anxiety)\n  - [Workplace Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/workplace-anxiety)\n  - [Food Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/eating-disorders\/anxiety-about-food)\n  - [Gym Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/fitness\/gym-anxiety)\n  - [Hypochondria](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/health-anxiety)\n  - [Time Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/time-anxiety)\n  - [In the Morning](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/morning-anxiety)\n  - [School Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/school-anxiety)\n  - [Separation Anxiety in Adults](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/separation-anxiety-in-adults)\n  - [Sports Anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sports-performance-anxiety)\n\n# Is There a Link Between Long COVID and Anxiety? Here’s What the Research Says\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Joshana-Goga-Headshot-500x500-Bio-1.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Joshana K. Goga PharmD MBA BCPP]() — Written by [Eleesha Lockett, MS]() —  [Updated on January 12, 2024]()\n\n- [Causation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety#causation)\n- [Mental effects](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety#mental-effects)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety#treatment)\n- [Takeaway](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/long-covid-and-anxiety#takeaway)\n\n### Key takeaways\n- Research indicates a significant connection between long COVID and increased anxiety, with studies reporting prevalence rates ranging from 19% to as high as 50% among individuals with long COVID.\n- COVID-19 can cause neurological changes, such as central nervous system damage and inflammation, which may contribute to increased anxiety and other mental health symptoms.\n- Effective treatments for anxiety related to long COVID include therapy (such as CBT, ACT, and DBT), medication (like antidepressants, beta-blockers, and benzodiazepines), and lifestyle measures (such as regular exercise and mindfulness practices).\n\nMost mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection.\n\nLong COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition.\n\nBelow, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom.\n\n## [Can long-term COVID-19 cause anxiety?]()\n[Research](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9537254\/) has shown that there’s a link between long-term [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/coronavirus-covid-19) and an increase in mental health symptoms like [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety) and [depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/depression).\n\n[One research review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10108156\/) found that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However, [other studies](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9582925\/) have reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%.\n\nIn one [meta-analysis](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8798975\/) from 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\n\nResults of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\n\nIn addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances.\n\n### Can long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks?\nA [panic attack](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/panic-attack) describes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions.\n\nAlthough studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks.\n\n## [How does COVID-19 affect the brain and mental health?]()\nOne of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like [anxiety and depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/depression-and-anxiety).\n\nIn one [study from 2022](https:\/\/www.neurology.org\/doi\/10.1212\/nxi.0000000000001151), researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID.\n\nThe results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause.\n\nStill, [research](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10001044\/) on this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes.\n\n## [Treatment options for anxiety caused by COVID-19]()\nIt’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure [how long](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/long-covid-symptoms-that-wont-go-away) the symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic.\n\nBut even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based [treatment approaches](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/how-to-cope-with-anxiety) for anxiety.\n\n### Therapy\n[Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/psychotherapy-for-anxiety) is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including:\n\n- [acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy)\n- [cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy)\n- [dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dbt)\n- [exposure-based therapies](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/exposure-therapy)\n\nEach of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy.\n\n### Medications\n[Medications](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-drugs) are also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include:\n\n- [antidepressants](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/antidepressant-side-effects), which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine\n- [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/beta-blockers), which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety\n- [benzodiazepines](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bipolar-disorder\/benzodiazepines), which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety\n### Lifestyle changes\nOther [lifestyle changes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/16-ways-relieve-stress-anxiety) — like [moving your body](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/depression\/exercise) regularly, [practicing mindfulness](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mindfulness-tricks-to-reduce-anxiety), and [making time for self-care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/watering-plants-mental-health-self-care) — can also help you manage anxiety in the long run.\n\n### Talking about your anxiety\nAnxiety can be a difficult emotion to cope with, especially when there’s an underlying condition that might be causing it, like long COVID.\n\nBut if you’ve noticed that your anxiety is making it hard to function, you’re not alone — and there are resources and [professionals who can help](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/how-to-find-a-therapist). You can reach out to your doctor for a mental health referral or check out [FindTreatment.gov’s search tool](https:\/\/findtreatment.gov\/locator) to find professionals near you.\n\n## [Takeaway]()\nAnxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19.\n\nIf you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms.\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nHistory\n\nHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/process).\n\n- Bourmistrova NW, et al. (2021). Long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health: A systematic review.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8758130\/>\n- CDC. (2023). Long COVID or post-COVID conditions.  \n  <https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/long-term-effects\/index.html>\n- Hanson BA, et al. (2022). Plasma biomarkers of neuropathogenesis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and those with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.  \n  <https:\/\/www.neurology.org\/doi\/10.1212\/nxi.0000000000001151>\n- Kubota T, et al. (2022). Neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID: A comprehensive review.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10108156\/>\n- Leng A, et al. (2023). Pathogenesis underlying neurological manifestations of long COVID syndrome and potential therapeutics.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10001044\/>\n- Monje M, et al. (2022). The neurobiology of long COVID.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9537254\/>\n- Premraj L, et al. (2022). Mid and long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome: A meta-analysis.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8798975\/>\n- Zawilska JB, et al. (2022). Psychiatric and neurological complications of long COVID.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9582925\/>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Joshana-Goga-Headshot-500x500-Bio-1.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Joshana K. Goga PharmD MBA BCPP]() — Written by [Eleesha Lockett, MS]() —  [Updated on January 12, 2024]()\n\n## related stories\n- [How People With Long COVID Can Benefit from Occupational Therapy Programs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- ['Wellness Stacking' May Help Build Healthy Habits](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Waiting Room Anxiety Is Real: Here’s How to Cope](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Holiday Stress: An 'Invisible Day' Could Help You Reset, Experts Say](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/holiday-stress-invisible-day-reset?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [7 Cheap-ish Things for Chilling Out When Seasonal Stress Heats Up](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/holiday-stress-relief-tools?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n### Read this next\n- [How People With Long COVID Can Benefit from Occupational Therapy Programs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Experts say some occupational therapy routines can help relieve fatigue as well as boost the mood of people with long COVID.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- ['Wellness Stacking' May Help Build Healthy Habits](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Wellness stacking is a viral wellness hack that may help you build healthy habits and support your mental health.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Waiting Room Anxiety Is Real: Here’s How to Cope](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Have waiting room anxiety? Here are some useful tools to help find your calm, including sensory tools and grounding techniques.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Holiday Stress: An 'Invisible Day' Could Help You Reset, Experts Say](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/holiday-stress-invisible-day-reset?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Here is how taking an 'invisible day' can help you reset, decompress, and cope with stress, according to experts.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/holiday-stress-invisible-day-reset?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/holiday-stress-invisible-day-reset?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [7 Cheap-ish Things for Chilling Out When Seasonal Stress Heats Up](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/holiday-stress-relief-tools?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Stress and joy seem to go hand in hand, especially during the busy holiday season. We researched must-haves for safeguarding your body and mind — no…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/holiday-stress-relief-tools?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/holiday-stress-relief-tools?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [How Much Does Anxiety Treatment Cost?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/how-much-does-anxiety-treatment-cost?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Anxiety treatment can be expensive, particularly without insurance. However, costs can vary depending on many factors.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/how-much-does-anxiety-treatment-cost?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/how-much-does-anxiety-treatment-cost?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Nearly 1 in 4 Americans Live With a Mental Illness. Here's How to Get Help](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/best-worst-states-mental-health-america?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Nearly 1 in 4 U.S. adults experienced a mental illness in 2024, according to a new report. The report also ranks U.S states according to residents’…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/best-worst-states-mental-health-america?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health-news\/best-worst-states-mental-health-america?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [10 Best Over-The-Counter Sleep Aids for Anxiety in Adults](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-sleep-aid-for-adults-with-anxiety-over-the-counter?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Nicole Washington, DO, MPH](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Learn what your medication options are to help you get a better night's sleep.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-sleep-aid-for-adults-with-anxiety-over-the-counter?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/best-sleep-aid-for-adults-with-anxiety-over-the-counter?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [The 5-4-3-2-1 Grounding Technique for Anxiety: A Visual Guide](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/5-4-3-2-1-grounding-technique-for-anxiety?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Akilah Reynolds, PhD](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Grounding techniques can be helpful tools for interrupting anxiety or depression symptoms. Learn more about the 5-4-3-2-1 technique.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/5-4-3-2-1-grounding-technique-for-anxiety?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/5-4-3-2-1-grounding-technique-for-anxiety?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [19 consejos simples para dormir pronto y mejor](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/es\/consejos-sencillos-para-conciliar-el-sueno-rapidamente?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Estos tips de expertos te ayudarán a dormir más rápido y mejor.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/es\/consejos-sencillos-para-conciliar-el-sueno-rapidamente?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/es\/consejos-sencillos-para-conciliar-el-sueno-rapidamente?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-policy)\n- [Privacy Settings](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-settings)\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/advertising-policy)\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n\n- [Sitemap](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/sitemap)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Most mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection.\n\nLong COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition.\n\nBelow, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom.\n\n[Research](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9537254\/) has shown that there’s a link between long-term [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/coronavirus-covid-19) and an increase in mental health symptoms like [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety) and [depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/depression).\n\n[One research review](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10108156\/) found that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However, [other studies](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9582925\/) have reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%.\n\nIn one [meta-analysis](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8798975\/) from 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\n\nResults of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection.\n\nIn addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances.\n\nCan long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks?\n\nA [panic attack](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/panic-attack) describes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions.\n\nAlthough studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks.\n\nOne of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like [anxiety and depression](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/depression-and-anxiety).\n\nIn one [study from 2022](https:\/\/www.neurology.org\/doi\/10.1212\/nxi.0000000000001151), researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID.\n\nThe results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause.\n\nStill, [research](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10001044\/) on this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes.\n\nIt’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure [how long](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/long-covid-symptoms-that-wont-go-away) the symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic.\n\nBut even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based [treatment approaches](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/how-to-cope-with-anxiety) for anxiety.\n\nTherapy\n\n[Therapy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety\/psychotherapy-for-anxiety) is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including:\n\n- [acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/mental-health\/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy)\n- [cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cognitive-behavioral-therapy)\n- [dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/dbt)\n- [exposure-based therapies](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/exposure-therapy)\n\nEach of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy.\n\nMedications\n\n[Medications](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/anxiety-drugs) are also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include:\n\n- [antidepressants](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/antidepressant-side-effects), which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine\n- [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/beta-blockers), which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety\n- [benzodiazepines](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/bipolar-disorder\/benzodiazepines), which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety\n\nLifestyle changes\n\nAnxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19.\n\nIf you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety
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Meta Title	Long COVID and Anxiety: Connections, Treatments, and More
Meta Description	While we don't fully understand why, developing anxiety as a long COVID symptom is common. However, we do know how to treat it.
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Boilerpipe Text	Most mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection. Long COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition. Below, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom. Research has shown that there’s a link between long-term COVID-19 and an increase in mental health symptoms like anxiety and depression . One research review found that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However, other studies have reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%. In one meta-analysis from 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. Results of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. In addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances. Can long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks? A panic attack describes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions. Although studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks. One of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like anxiety and depression . In one study from 2022 , researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID. The results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause. Still, research on this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes. It’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure how long the symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic. But even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based treatment approaches for anxiety. Therapy Therapy is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including: acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) exposure-based therapies Each of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy. Medications Medications are also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include: antidepressants , which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine beta-blockers , which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety benzodiazepines , which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety Lifestyle changes Anxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19. If you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms.
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[Grounding Techniques](https://www.healthline.com/health/grounding-techniques) - [Stop a Panic Attack](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-stop-a-panic-attack) - [Overthinking](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-stop-overthinking) - [Marijuana](https://www.healthline.com/health/marijuana-and-anxiety) - [Pre-Menstruation](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-before-period) - [Tips to Stop Worrying](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/catastrophizing) - [Acupuncture](https://www.healthline.com/health/acupuncture-for-anxiety) - [Anxiety at Night](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/anxiety-at-night) - [Separation from Partner](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/separation-anxiety-from-boyfriend) - [Post-Breakup](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/anxiety-after-breakup) - ### Prognosis Prognosis #### Related Articles - [Outlook](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/does-anxiety-ever-go-away) - ### Related Conditions Related Conditions #### Related Articles - 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Paranoia](https://www.healthline.com/health/paranoia-vs-anxiety) - [Panic Attack vs. Anxiety Attack](https://www.healthline.com/health/panic-attack-vs-anxiety-attack) - ### Symptoms Symptoms #### Related Articles - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-disorder-symptoms) - [Numb and Tingly](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-numbness) - [Sore Throat](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-sore-throat) - [Itching](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/anxiety-and-itching) - [Sweating](https://www.healthline.com/health/diagnosing-hyperhidrosis/depression-and-anxiety) - [Dry Mouth](https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-mouth-anxiety) - [Loss of Appetite](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/anxiety-lose-appetite) - [Headaches](https://www.healthline.com/health/headache/anxiety-headaches) - [Shaking](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-shaking) - [Chest Pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/anxiety-chest-pain) - [Nausea](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/anxiety-nausea) - [Heart Palpitations](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/can-anxiety-cause-heart-palpitations) - [Tiredness](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/can-having-anxiety-make-you-feel-tired) - [Effects on the Body](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/effects-on-body) - [Brain Fog](https://www.healthline.com/health/brain-fog-anxiety) - [Depersonalization](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/coping-with-depersonalization) - [Physical Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/physical-symptoms-of-anxiety) - ### Treatment Treatment #### Related Hub [![Therapy](https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/mental-well-being-navigating-therapy.png)Therapy Resources for finding and receiving therapy](https://www.healthline.com/mental-health/treatment) #### Related Articles - [Types of Doctors](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-doctors) - [Medications](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-drugs) - [Benadryl](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/benadryl-for-anxiety) - [Ketamine Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/ketamine-for-anxiety) - [Promethazine](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/promethazine-for-anxiety) - [Prozac](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/prozac-for-anxiety) - [Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder-cognitive-behavioral-therapy) - [Social Anxiety Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/social-anxiety-treatment) - [Beta-Blockers](https://www.healthline.com/health/beta-blockers-for-anxiety) - [Trazodone](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/trazodone-for-anxiety) - [How to Find a Therapist](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-find-a-therapist) - [How to Find Mental Health Services](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/mental-health-services) - [Online Psychiatrist Platforms](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/online-psychiatrist) - [Low Cost and Free Online Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/online-therapist-for-free) - [Online Therapy with Insurance](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/online-therapy-that-takes-insurance) - [Talk Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/talk-therapy) - [Online Therapy Services](https://www.healthline.com/health/our-top-10-online-therapy-picks) - [Affordable Online Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/therapy-for-every-budget) - ### Types Types #### Related Articles - [Generalized Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/generalized-anxiety-disorder) - [Social Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/social-phobia) - [Anticipatory Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anticipatory-anxiety) - [Money Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/money-anxiety) - [Subconscious Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/subconscious-anxiety) - [Travel Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/travel-anxiety) - [Workplace Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/workplace-anxiety) - [Food Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/eating-disorders/anxiety-about-food) - [Gym Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/fitness/gym-anxiety) - [Hypochondria](https://www.healthline.com/health/health-anxiety) - [Time Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/time-anxiety) - [In the Morning](https://www.healthline.com/health/morning-anxiety) - [School Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/school-anxiety) - [Separation Anxiety in Adults](https://www.healthline.com/health/separation-anxiety-in-adults) - [Sports Anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/sports-performance-anxiety) # Is There a Link Between Long COVID and Anxiety? Here’s What the Research Says ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Joshana-Goga-Headshot-500x500-Bio-1.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Joshana K. Goga PharmD MBA BCPP]() — Written by [Eleesha Lockett, MS]() — [Updated on January 12, 2024]() - [Causation](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety#causation) - [Mental effects](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety#mental-effects) - [Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety#treatment) - [Takeaway](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/long-covid-and-anxiety#takeaway) ### Key takeaways - Research indicates a significant connection between long COVID and increased anxiety, with studies reporting prevalence rates ranging from 19% to as high as 50% among individuals with long COVID. - COVID-19 can cause neurological changes, such as central nervous system damage and inflammation, which may contribute to increased anxiety and other mental health symptoms. - Effective treatments for anxiety related to long COVID include therapy (such as CBT, ACT, and DBT), medication (like antidepressants, beta-blockers, and benzodiazepines), and lifestyle measures (such as regular exercise and mindfulness practices). Most mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection. Long COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition. Below, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom. ## [Can long-term COVID-19 cause anxiety?]() [Research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/) has shown that there’s a link between long-term [COVID-19](https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-covid-19) and an increase in mental health symptoms like [anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety) and [depression](https://www.healthline.com/health/depression). [One research review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108156/) found that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However, [other studies](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9582925/) have reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%. In one [meta-analysis](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8798975/) from 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. Results of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. In addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances. ### Can long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks? A [panic attack](https://www.healthline.com/health/panic-attack) describes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions. Although studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks. ## [How does COVID-19 affect the brain and mental health?]() One of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like [anxiety and depression](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/depression-and-anxiety). In one [study from 2022](https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/nxi.0000000000001151), researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID. The results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause. Still, [research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001044/) on this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes. ## [Treatment options for anxiety caused by COVID-19]() It’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure [how long](https://www.healthline.com/health/long-covid-symptoms-that-wont-go-away) the symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic. But even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based [treatment approaches](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/how-to-cope-with-anxiety) for anxiety. ### Therapy [Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/psychotherapy-for-anxiety) is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including: - [acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy) - [cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/cognitive-behavioral-therapy) - [dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/dbt) - [exposure-based therapies](https://www.healthline.com/health/exposure-therapy) Each of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy. ### Medications [Medications](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-drugs) are also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include: - [antidepressants](https://www.healthline.com/health/antidepressant-side-effects), which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine - [beta-blockers](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/beta-blockers), which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety - [benzodiazepines](https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/benzodiazepines), which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety ### Lifestyle changes Other [lifestyle changes](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/16-ways-relieve-stress-anxiety) — like [moving your body](https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/exercise) regularly, [practicing mindfulness](https://www.healthline.com/health/mindfulness-tricks-to-reduce-anxiety), and [making time for self-care](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/watering-plants-mental-health-self-care) — can also help you manage anxiety in the long run. ### Talking about your anxiety Anxiety can be a difficult emotion to cope with, especially when there’s an underlying condition that might be causing it, like long COVID. But if you’ve noticed that your anxiety is making it hard to function, you’re not alone — and there are resources and [professionals who can help](https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-find-a-therapist). You can reach out to your doctor for a mental health referral or check out [FindTreatment.gov’s search tool](https://findtreatment.gov/locator) to find professionals near you. ## [Takeaway]() Anxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19. If you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms. ### How we reviewed this article: Sources History Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.healthline.com/about/process). - Bourmistrova NW, et al. (2021). Long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health: A systematic review. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8758130/> - CDC. (2023). Long COVID or post-COVID conditions. <https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects/index.html> - Hanson BA, et al. (2022). Plasma biomarkers of neuropathogenesis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and those with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. <https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/nxi.0000000000001151> - Kubota T, et al. (2022). Neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID: A comprehensive review. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108156/> - Leng A, et al. (2023). Pathogenesis underlying neurological manifestations of long COVID syndrome and potential therapeutics. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001044/> - Monje M, et al. (2022). The neurobiology of long COVID. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/> - Premraj L, et al. (2022). Mid and long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome: A meta-analysis. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8798975/> - Zawilska JB, et al. (2022). Psychiatric and neurological complications of long COVID. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9582925/> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Joshana-Goga-Headshot-500x500-Bio-1.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Joshana K. Goga PharmD MBA BCPP]() — Written by [Eleesha Lockett, MS]() — [Updated on January 12, 2024]() ## related stories - [How People With Long COVID Can Benefit from Occupational Therapy Programs](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext) - ['Wellness Stacking' May Help Build Healthy Habits](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Waiting Room Anxiety Is Real: Here’s How to Cope](https://www.healthline.com/health/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Holiday Stress: An 'Invisible Day' Could Help You Reset, Experts Say](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/holiday-stress-invisible-day-reset?utm_source=ReadNext) - [7 Cheap-ish Things for Chilling Out When Seasonal Stress Heats Up](https://www.healthline.com/health/holiday-stress-relief-tools?utm_source=ReadNext) ### Read this next - [How People With Long COVID Can Benefit from Occupational Therapy Programs](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext) [Experts say some occupational therapy routines can help relieve fatigue as well as boost the mood of people with long COVID.](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-people-with-long-covid-can-benefit-from-occupational-therapy-programs?utm_source=ReadNext) - ['Wellness Stacking' May Help Build Healthy Habits](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext) [Wellness stacking is a viral wellness hack that may help you build healthy habits and support your mental health.](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health-news/wellness-stacking-self-care-trend-healthy-habits?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Waiting Room Anxiety Is Real: Here’s How to Cope](https://www.healthline.com/health/waiting-room-anxiety-is-real-heres-how-to-cope?utm_source=ReadNext) [Have waiting room anxiety? 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Readable Markdown	Most mild COVID-19 infections typically begin to improve within a week or two after the onset of the condition. But for people who develop long COVID after having COVID-19, symptoms can last for months or even years after the initial infection. Long COVID can cause both neurological and psychological changes, such as brain fog, depression, and anxiety, to name a few. Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms of long COVID, and it affects a significant percentage of people with the condition. Below, we’ll share what you need to know about long COVID and anxiety, including what the research says and how to get treatment for this symptom. [Research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/) has shown that there’s a link between long-term [COVID-19](https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-covid-19) and an increase in mental health symptoms like [anxiety](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety) and [depression](https://www.healthline.com/health/depression). [One research review](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108156/) found that roughly 19% of people with long COVID reported experiencing anxiety. However, [other studies](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9582925/) have reported a prevalence rate of upward of 40–50%. In one [meta-analysis](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8798975/) from 2022, researchers explored the neurological and neuropsychiatric effects of long COVID. In this study, they specifically analyzed the prevalence of symptoms that occurred 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. Results of the analysis, which included 18 studies and a total of 10,530 participants, found that roughly 23% of participants reported experiencing anxiety 3 months or more after a COVID-19 infection. In addition, this analysis found that in studies where more than 20% of the participants were admitted to the ICU, there was a higher prevalence of anxiety and other symptoms, like depression and sleep disturbances. Can long-term COVID-19 cause panic attacks? A [panic attack](https://www.healthline.com/health/panic-attack) describes a sudden and brief episode of intense anxiety, panic, and fear, usually completely out of the blue. Panic attacks aren’t uncommon in people who have anxiety disorders or other mental health conditions. Although studies on the link between panic attacks and COVID-19 are limited, people who have anxiety caused by long COVID may be more prone to experiencing panic attacks. One of the reasons experts believe long COVID causes anxiety is because COVID-19 can cause changes in the brain that may increase symptoms like [anxiety and depression](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/depression-and-anxiety). In one [study from 2022](https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/nxi.0000000000001151), researchers explored indicators of central nervous system (CNS) injury in participants who had been hospitalized for COVID-19, both with and without long COVID. The results of the study found that participants with long COVID had higher than average anxiety levels. According to the researchers, this relationship is likely due to the central nervous system damage and ongoing inflammation that COVID-19 can cause. Still, [research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001044/) on this phenomenon is relatively new, and experts are continuing to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and other psychological changes. It’s difficult to say how long post-COVID-19 anxiety might last because researchers still aren’t sure [how long](https://www.healthline.com/health/long-covid-symptoms-that-wont-go-away) the symptoms of long COVID last. For some people, they resolve in as little as 6 months, while for others, they remain chronic. But even though we’re still exploring treatment options for long COVID, there are plenty of evidence-based [treatment approaches](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/how-to-cope-with-anxiety) for anxiety. Therapy [Therapy](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/psychotherapy-for-anxiety) is one of the most effective treatments for anxiety because it teaches you the coping skills needed to manage your anxious thoughts and feelings. Several different therapies are effective for anxiety, including: - [acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy) - [cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/cognitive-behavioral-therapy) - [dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)](https://www.healthline.com/health/dbt) - [exposure-based therapies](https://www.healthline.com/health/exposure-therapy) Each of these therapies uses different approaches, so there’s no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to treating anxiety with therapy. Medications [Medications](https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety-drugs) are also an effective treatment for many people with anxiety, especially when it comes to managing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Some of the most common medications for anxiety include: - [antidepressants](https://www.healthline.com/health/antidepressant-side-effects), which work by altering the levels of different neurotransmitters in the brain, like serotonin and norepinephrine - [beta-blockers](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/beta-blockers), which doctors typically prescribe for heart conditions but can also help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety - [benzodiazepines](https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder/benzodiazepines), which are typically short-acting medications that can help relieve the acute symptoms of anxiety Lifestyle changes Anxiety is just one of the many psychological symptoms that can develop with long COVID. While researchers still aren’t entirely sure what causes this symptom, they believe it may have something to do with the damage and inflammation in the central nervous system from COVID-19. If you’ve been experiencing increased anxiety or any other mental health changes after COVID-19, consider reaching out to your doctor to discuss your concerns. With the right treatment, you can learn how to better cope with and manage your symptoms.
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