🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 98 (from laksa108)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa098.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms","crawl_time":1772353248,"first_indexed_time":1506643375,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,healthline!www,\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms s443","src_root_hash":"11478817528691466898","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Abnormal Heart Rhythms: Types, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment","meta_descriptions":["An irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) is a change in the heart's beating pattern. Learn the different types, causes, and effects."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Your heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm.\nArrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include:\ndiscomfort\nfluttering or pounding in your chest\npain in your chest\nshortness of breath\nlightheadedness\nfatigue\nfainting\nNot all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor.\nThe most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include:\nTachycardia\nTachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate\nover 100\nbeats per minute (bpm).\nThere are three subtypes of tachycardia:\nSinus tachycardia:\nThis is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With\nsinus tachycardia\n, your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm.\nSupraventricular tachycardia:\nSupraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria.\nVentricular tachycardia:\nVentricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles.\nAtrial fibrillation\nThis disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia.\nAtrial fibrillation\n, or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically.\nAFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to\n80 to 180 bpm\n, which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm.\nAtrial flutter\nAn\natrial flutter\ntypically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well.\nAtrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast.\nAtrial flutter also\nincreases\nyour risk of stroke.\nBradycardia\nIf you have bradycardia, you have a\nslow heart rate\n(less than\n60 bpm\n). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted.\nSome\nathletes\nhave slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem.\nBradycardia can result from:\nmedications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications\nhypothyroidism\nhypothermia\nother heart conditions\nVentricular fibrillation\nVentricular fibrillation\nis a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest.\nIt’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation.\nPremature contractions\nA premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction).\nIn either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat.\nSeveral factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include:\nHigh blood pressure\nHigh blood pressure\nmeans too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease.\nCoronary heart disease\nCoronary heart disease\nis a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries.\nThis plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart.\nHeart conditions or damage to the heart\nA heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well.\nThey may include:\nchanges in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury\nhealing after heart surgery\nstructural abnormalities of your heart\nheart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood\ndamage to your heart after a heart attack\nMedications\nSome medications or substances\nmay cause\nyour heart rate to change.\nMedications that may cause your heart rate to increase include:\ncaffeine\nnicotine\ndecongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine\namphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain\nasthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler\nother recreational drugs, such as cocaine\nMedications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include:\nbeta-blockers\n, which treat high blood pressure\ncalcium channel blockers\ncertain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and\ndonepezil\nAnxiety or emotional distress\nAnxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia.\nYou may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down.\nIllness or fever\nHaving an illness or fever\nmay temporarily\ncause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate.\nOnce your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate.\nOther causes\nOther factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include:\npain\nelectrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium\nsleep apnea\nblood clots\nanemia\nhypothyroidism\nother health conditions\nThe risks for arrhythmia can include:\nsmoking\nprevious heart conditions, or a\nfamily history\nof heart conditions\ndiabetes\nstress\nbeing overweight\nbeing physically inactive\na diet high in fats and cholesterol\nhigh blood pressure or other health problems\ndrinking alcohol in excess\ndrug misuse\nsleep apnea\nA doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an\nelectrocardiogram (EKG)\nmachine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause.\nOther tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include:\nEchocardiogram:\nThis test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart.\nRhythm monitoring:\nYou’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a\nHolter monitor\nor event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities.\nThese monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day.\nStress test:\nFor\nthis test\n, a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart.\nThe\nHealthline FindCare tool\ncan provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist.\nThe treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause.\nYou may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help.\nYou might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm.\nCertain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke.\nFor severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend:\npharmacologic\ncardioversion\n, which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart\nother heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem\ncatheter ablation\nto identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms\nimplantation of a\npacemaker\nor cardioverter defibrillator\nsurgery to correct an abnormality\nAlthough arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups.\nOnce your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning.\nCertain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you:\neat a\nheart-healthy diet\nexercise regularly\nquit smoking\n, if you smoke\nreduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol\nArrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding.\nIt can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states.\nIf you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause.","attrs_markdown":"- Health Conditions\n  Health Conditions\n  \n  [All](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n  \n  - [Breast Cancer](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/breast-cancer)\n  - [Cancer Care](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/cancer-care)\n  - [Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/alzheimers-disease)\n  - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/ckd)\n  - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/copd)\n  - [Digestive Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/digestive-health)\n  - [Eye Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/eye-health)\n  - [Heart Health](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/heart-health)\n  - 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Connect with us for all things health.\n\nSubscribe\n\n# What You Need to Know About Abnormal Heart Rhythms\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Helen-Chen-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Helen Chen MCMSc, PA-C]() — Written by Brindles Lee Macon —  [Updated on July 22, 2025]()\n\n- [Types](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#types)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#symptoms)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#causes)\n- [Risk factors](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#risk-factors)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#diagnosis)\n- [Treatment](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#treatment)\n- [Outlook](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#outlook)\n- [Prevention](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#prevention)\n- [Takeaway](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms#takeaway)\n\n### Key takeaways\n- An abnormal heart rhythm, also known as an arrhythmia, occurs when the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly, which can be caused by various factors affecting the heart’s complex system.\n- Symptoms of abnormal heart rhythms can vary, including discomfort, palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, fatigue, and fainting. While not all arrhythmias are life-threatening, any abnormal heart rhythm should be reported to a doctor.\n- Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking, can help manage and prevent the return of arrhythmias, along with medical treatments like medication or procedures.\n***\nYour heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm.\n\nArrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include:\n\n- discomfort\n- fluttering or pounding in your chest\n- pain in your chest\n- shortness of breath\n- lightheadedness\n- fatigue\n- fainting\n\nNot all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor.\n\n## [The types of abnormal heart rhythms]()\nThe most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include:\n\n### Tachycardia\nTachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate [over 100](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) beats per minute (bpm).\n\nThere are three subtypes of tachycardia:\n\n- **Sinus tachycardia:** This is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With [sinus tachycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sinus-tachycardia), your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm.\n- **Supraventricular tachycardia:** Supraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria.\n- **Ventricular tachycardia:** Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles.\n### Atrial fibrillation\nThis disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia.\n\n[Atrial fibrillation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-atrial-fibrillation), or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically.\n\nAFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to [80 to 180 bpm](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK526072\/), which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm.\n\n### Atrial flutter\nAn [atrial flutter](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/atrial-flutter) typically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well.\n\nAtrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast.\n\nAtrial flutter also [increases](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/other-heart-rhythm-disorders) your risk of stroke.\n\n### Bradycardia\nIf you have bradycardia, you have a [slow heart rate](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/slow-heart-rate) (less than [60 bpm](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/)). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted.\n\nSome [athletes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/athlete-heart-rate) have slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem.\n\nBradycardia can result from:\n\n- medications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications\n- hypothyroidism\n- hypothermia\n- other heart conditions\n### Ventricular fibrillation\n[Ventricular fibrillation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-fibrillation) is a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest.\n\nIt’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation.\n\n### Premature contractions\nA premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction).\n\nIn either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat.\n\n## [What are the symptoms of abnormal heart rhythms?]()\nIf you have an abnormal heart rhythm, you may experience some or all of these symptoms:\n\n- feeling faint, dizzy, or [lightheaded](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/lightheadedness)\n- [shortness of breath](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like)\n- irregular pulse or [heart palpitations](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-palpitations)\n- [chest pain](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/causes-of-chest-pain)\n- [pale skin](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/paleness)\n- sweating\n- fainting\n- fatigue\n\n## [What causes abnormal heart rhythms?]()\nSeveral factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include:\n\n### High blood pressure\n[High blood pressure](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/high-blood-pressure-hypertension) means too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease.\n\n### Coronary heart disease\n[Coronary heart disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/causes-risks) is a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries.\n\nThis plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart.\n\n### Heart conditions or damage to the heart\nA heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well.\n\nThey may include:\n\n- changes in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury\n- healing after heart surgery\n- structural abnormalities of your heart\n- heart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood\n- damage to your heart after a heart attack\n### Medications\nSome medications or substances [may cause](https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000905) your heart rate to change.\n\nMedications that may cause your heart rate to increase include:\n\n- caffeine\n- nicotine\n- decongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine\n- amphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain\n- asthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler\n- other recreational drugs, such as cocaine\n\nMedications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include:\n\n- [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/beta-blockers), which treat high blood pressure\n- calcium channel blockers\n- certain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and [donepezil](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/donepezil-oral-tablet)\n### Anxiety or emotional distress\nAnxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia.\n\nYou may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down.\n\n### Illness or fever\nHaving an illness or fever [may temporarily](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562334\/) cause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate.\n\nOnce your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate.\n\n### Other causes\nOther factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include:\n\n- pain\n- electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium\n- sleep apnea\n- blood clots\n- anemia\n- hypothyroidism\n- other health conditions\n\n## [What are the risk factors for abnormal heart rhythms?]()\nThe risks for arrhythmia can include:\n\n- smoking\n- previous heart conditions, or a [family history](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/family-health-history-day) of heart conditions\n- diabetes\n- [stress](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/stress)\n- being overweight\n- being physically inactive\n- a diet high in fats and cholesterol\n- high blood pressure or other health problems\n- drinking alcohol in excess\n- drug misuse\n- [sleep apnea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sleep-apnea\/effects-on-body)\n\n## [Diagnosing abnormal heart rhythms]()\nA doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an [electrocardiogram (EKG)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/electrocardiogram) machine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause.\n\nOther tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include:\n\n- **Echocardiogram:** This test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart.\n- **Rhythm monitoring:** You’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a [Holter monitor](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms) or event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities. These monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day.\n- **Stress test:** For [this test](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/exercise-stress-test), a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart.\n\nThe [Healthline FindCare tool](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/find-care) can provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist.\n\n## [Treating abnormal heart rhythms]()\nThe treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause.\n\nYou may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help.\n\nYou might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm.\n\nCertain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke.\n\nFor severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend:\n\n- pharmacologic\n  [cardioversion](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia\/cardioversion)\n  , which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart\n- other heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem\n- [catheter ablation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cardiac-ablation-procedures) to identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms\n- implantation of a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-pacemaker) or cardioverter defibrillator\n- surgery to correct an abnormality\n\n## [Outlook: What should I expect in the long term?]()\nAlthough arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups.\n\n## [Prevention]()\nOnce your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning.\n\nCertain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you:\n\n- eat a [heart-healthy diet](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/a-heart-healthy-diet-food-lists-diet-tips-and-more)\n- exercise regularly\n- [quit smoking](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-happens-when-you-quit-smoking), if you smoke\n- reduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol\n\n## [Takeaway]()\nArrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding.\n\nIt can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states.\n\nIf you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause.\n\n### How we reviewed this article:\nSources\n\nHistory\n\nHealthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/process).\n\n- Arrhythmias: What is arrhythmia? (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/arrhythmias>\n- Atrial fibrillation: What is atrial fibrillation? (2022).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atrial-fibrillation>\n- Balli S, et al. (2023). Physiology, fever.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562334\/>\n- Cardioversion. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia\/cardioversion>\n- Coronary heart disease: What is coronary heart disease? (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/coronary-heart-disease>\n- Hafeez Y, et al. (2023). Sinus bradycardia.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/>\n- Ludhwani D, et al. (2023). Ventricular fibrillation.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537120\/>\n- Nesheiwat Z, et al. (2023). Atrial fibrillation.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK526072\/>\n- Other heart rhythm disorders. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/other-heart-rhythm-disorders>\n- Premature contractions - PACs and PVCs. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/premature-contractions-pacs-and-pvcs>\n- Tachycardia: Fast heart rate. (2024).  \n  <https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate>\n- Tisdale JE, et al. (2020). Drug-induced arrhythmias: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association.  \n  <https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000905>\n\nShare this article\n\n![](https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/post.healthline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Helen-Chen-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105)\n\n[Medically reviewed]() by [Helen Chen MCMSc, PA-C]() — Written by Brindles Lee Macon —  [Updated on July 22, 2025]()\n\n## related stories\n- [Heart Arrhythmia After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Very Rare Side Effect](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What Is Ventricular Tachycardia? Symptoms, Causes, and More](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Understanding How Atropine Is Used to Treat Bradycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What to Know About Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Is There a Link Between Rapid Weight Loss and Arrhythmia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n### Read this next\n- [Heart Arrhythmia After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Very Rare Side Effect](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Learn about the risk of developing a heart arrhythmia after COVID-19 vaccination — and how it compares to the risk of arrhythmia after getting…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What Is Ventricular Tachycardia? Symptoms, Causes, and More](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  Medically reviewed by [Dr. Payal Kohli, M.D., FACC](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n  \n  [Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rhythm that begins in the ventricles. Learn about ventricular tachycardia symptoms, causes, and diagnosis.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Understanding How Atropine Is Used to Treat Bradycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Atropine is used to treat bradycardia when the cause can’t be treated or is unknown. Your doctor or cardiologist will know if atropine might help you.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What to Know About Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Learn what causes Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, including what symptoms you may experience, how to treat it, and how it may affect your life.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Is There a Link Between Rapid Weight Loss and Arrhythmia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [We review the link between rapid weight loss and heart arrhythmia, including signs to look for and how to manage both conditions.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What Is Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is an arrhythmia that affects the top chambers of the heart. Learn more about the symptoms, what causes it, and how…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Overview of Wide Complex Tachycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Wide complex tachycardia is a general term that refers to conditions that cause an unusually fast heart rate and a particular pattern on an EKG.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [Should You Take Supplements for a Heart Arrhythmia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [While certain nutrients can support heart health, there's no evidence that supplements can treat a heart arrhythmia. You may want to take them…](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [All About Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Here's all about this specific type of tachycardia (fast heartbeat) and when it may become a medical emergency.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext)\n- [What Are the Complications of Arrhythmia?](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [Learn how arrhythmia can lead to complications, like cardiac arrest, heart failure, and stroke, as well as how to prevent those complications.](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext)\n  \n  [READ MORE](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/arrhythmia\/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext)\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n- [About Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about)\n- [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/contact-us)\n- [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/privacy-policy)\n- Privacy Settings\n- [Advertising Policy](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/advertising-policy)\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/directory\/topics)\n\n- [Sitemap](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/sitemap)\n- [Medical Affairs](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/medical-team)\n- [Content Integrity](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/about\/content-integrity)\n- [Newsletters](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/newsletter-signup)\n- © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n© 2026 Healthline Media LLC. All rights reserved. Healthline Media is an RVO Health Company. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. [See additional information](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/additional-information).\n\n[About](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about)[Careers](https:\/\/rvohealth.com\/careers)[Advertise with us](https:\/\/www.healthlinemedia.com\/advertise?utm_source=healthline.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise)\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\n[Healthline](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/)[Medical News Today](https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/)[Greatist](https:\/\/greatist.com\/)[Psych Central](https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/)[Bezzy](https:\/\/bezzy.com\/)\n\n![](http:\/\/b.scorecardresearch.com\/p?c1=2&c2=38584006&cv=3.9&cj=1&comscorekw=main)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Your heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm.\n\nArrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include:\n\n- discomfort\n- fluttering or pounding in your chest\n- pain in your chest\n- shortness of breath\n- lightheadedness\n- fatigue\n- fainting\n\nNot all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor.\n\nThe most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include:\n\nTachycardia\n\nTachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate [over 100](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) beats per minute (bpm).\n\nThere are three subtypes of tachycardia:\n\n- **Sinus tachycardia:** This is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With [sinus tachycardia](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sinus-tachycardia), your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm.\n- **Supraventricular tachycardia:** Supraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria.\n- **Ventricular tachycardia:** Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles.\n\nAtrial fibrillation\n\nThis disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia.\n\n[Atrial fibrillation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/living-with-atrial-fibrillation), or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically.\n\nAFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to [80 to 180 bpm](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK526072\/), which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm.\n\nAtrial flutter\n\nAn [atrial flutter](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/atrial-flutter) typically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well.\n\nAtrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast.\n\nAtrial flutter also [increases](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/about-arrhythmia\/other-heart-rhythm-disorders) your risk of stroke.\n\nBradycardia\n\nIf you have bradycardia, you have a [slow heart rate](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/slow-heart-rate) (less than [60 bpm](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK493201\/)). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted.\n\nSome [athletes](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/athlete-heart-rate) have slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem.\n\nBradycardia can result from:\n\n- medications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications\n- hypothyroidism\n- hypothermia\n- other heart conditions\n\nVentricular fibrillation\n\n[Ventricular fibrillation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/ventricular-fibrillation) is a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest.\n\nIt’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation.\n\nPremature contractions\n\nA premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction).\n\nIn either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat.\n\nSeveral factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include:\n\nHigh blood pressure\n\n[High blood pressure](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/high-blood-pressure-hypertension) means too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease.\n\nCoronary heart disease\n\n[Coronary heart disease](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/causes-risks) is a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries.\n\nThis plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart.\n\nHeart conditions or damage to the heart\n\nA heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well.\n\nThey may include:\n\n- changes in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury\n- healing after heart surgery\n- structural abnormalities of your heart\n- heart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood\n- damage to your heart after a heart attack\n\nMedications\n\nSome medications or substances [may cause](https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000905) your heart rate to change.\n\nMedications that may cause your heart rate to increase include:\n\n- caffeine\n- nicotine\n- decongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine\n- amphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain\n- asthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler\n- other recreational drugs, such as cocaine\n\nMedications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include:\n\n- [beta-blockers](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-disease\/beta-blockers), which treat high blood pressure\n- calcium channel blockers\n- certain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and [donepezil](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/drugs\/donepezil-oral-tablet)\n\nAnxiety or emotional distress\n\nAnxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia.\n\nYou may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down.\n\nIllness or fever\n\nHaving an illness or fever [may temporarily](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562334\/) cause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate.\n\nOnce your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate.\n\nOther causes\n\nOther factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include:\n\n- pain\n- electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium\n- sleep apnea\n- blood clots\n- anemia\n- hypothyroidism\n- other health conditions\n\nThe risks for arrhythmia can include:\n\n- smoking\n- previous heart conditions, or a [family history](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/family-health-history-day) of heart conditions\n- diabetes\n- [stress](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/stress)\n- being overweight\n- being physically inactive\n- a diet high in fats and cholesterol\n- high blood pressure or other health problems\n- drinking alcohol in excess\n- drug misuse\n- [sleep apnea](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/sleep-apnea\/effects-on-body)\n\nA doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an [electrocardiogram (EKG)](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/electrocardiogram) machine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause.\n\nOther tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include:\n\n- **Echocardiogram:** This test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart.\n- **Rhythm monitoring:** You’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a [Holter monitor](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/abnormal-heart-rhythms) or event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities. These monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day.\n- **Stress test:** For [this test](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/exercise-stress-test), a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart.\n\nThe [Healthline FindCare tool](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/find-care) can provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist.\n\nThe treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause.\n\nYou may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help.\n\nYou might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm.\n\nCertain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke.\n\nFor severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend:\n\n- pharmacologic\n  [cardioversion](https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/arrhythmia\/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia\/cardioversion)\n  , which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart\n- other heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem\n- [catheter ablation](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/cardiac-ablation-procedures) to identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms\n- implantation of a [pacemaker](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/heart-pacemaker) or cardioverter defibrillator\n- surgery to correct an abnormality\n\nAlthough arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups.\n\nOnce your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning.\n\nCertain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you:\n\n- eat a [heart-healthy diet](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/a-heart-healthy-diet-food-lists-diet-tips-and-more)\n- exercise regularly\n- [quit smoking](https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/what-happens-when-you-quit-smoking), if you smoke\n- reduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol\n\nArrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding.\n\nIt can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states.\n\nIf you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms
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HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Abnormal Heart Rhythms: Types, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment
Meta Description	An irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) is a change in the heart's beating pattern. Learn the different types, causes, and effects.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Your heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm. Arrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include: discomfort fluttering or pounding in your chest pain in your chest shortness of breath lightheadedness fatigue fainting Not all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor. The most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include: Tachycardia Tachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute (bpm). There are three subtypes of tachycardia: Sinus tachycardia: This is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With sinus tachycardia , your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm. Supraventricular tachycardia: Supraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria. Ventricular tachycardia: Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles. Atrial fibrillation This disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation , or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically. AFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to 80 to 180 bpm , which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm. Atrial flutter An atrial flutter typically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well. Atrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast. Atrial flutter also increases your risk of stroke. Bradycardia If you have bradycardia, you have a slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm ). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted. Some athletes have slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem. Bradycardia can result from: medications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications hypothyroidism hypothermia other heart conditions Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation is a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest. It’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation. Premature contractions A premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction). In either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat. Several factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include: High blood pressure High blood pressure means too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease. Coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease is a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries. This plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart. Heart conditions or damage to the heart A heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well. They may include: changes in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury healing after heart surgery structural abnormalities of your heart heart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood damage to your heart after a heart attack Medications Some medications or substances may cause your heart rate to change. Medications that may cause your heart rate to increase include: caffeine nicotine decongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine amphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain asthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler other recreational drugs, such as cocaine Medications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include: beta-blockers , which treat high blood pressure calcium channel blockers certain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and donepezil Anxiety or emotional distress Anxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia. You may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down. Illness or fever Having an illness or fever may temporarily cause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate. Once your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate. Other causes Other factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include: pain electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium sleep apnea blood clots anemia hypothyroidism other health conditions The risks for arrhythmia can include: smoking previous heart conditions, or a family history of heart conditions diabetes stress being overweight being physically inactive a diet high in fats and cholesterol high blood pressure or other health problems drinking alcohol in excess drug misuse sleep apnea A doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an electrocardiogram (EKG) machine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause. Other tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include: Echocardiogram: This test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart. Rhythm monitoring: You’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a Holter monitor or event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities. These monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day. Stress test: For this test , a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart. The Healthline FindCare tool can provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist. The treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause. You may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help. You might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm. Certain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke. For severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend: pharmacologic cardioversion , which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart other heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem catheter ablation to identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms implantation of a pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillator surgery to correct an abnormality Although arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups. Once your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning. Certain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you: eat a heart-healthy diet exercise regularly quit smoking , if you smoke reduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol Arrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding. It can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states. If you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause.
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Connect with us for all things health. Subscribe # What You Need to Know About Abnormal Heart Rhythms ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Helen-Chen-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Helen Chen MCMSc, PA-C]() — Written by Brindles Lee Macon — [Updated on July 22, 2025]() - [Types](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#types) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#symptoms) - [Causes](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#causes) - [Risk factors](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#risk-factors) - [Diagnosis](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#diagnosis) - [Treatment](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#treatment) - [Outlook](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#outlook) - [Prevention](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#prevention) - [Takeaway](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms#takeaway) ### Key takeaways - An abnormal heart rhythm, also known as an arrhythmia, occurs when the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly, which can be caused by various factors affecting the heart’s complex system. - Symptoms of abnormal heart rhythms can vary, including discomfort, palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, fatigue, and fainting. While not all arrhythmias are life-threatening, any abnormal heart rhythm should be reported to a doctor. - Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking, can help manage and prevent the return of arrhythmias, along with medical treatments like medication or procedures. * Your heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm. Arrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include: - discomfort - fluttering or pounding in your chest - pain in your chest - shortness of breath - lightheadedness - fatigue - fainting Not all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor. ## [The types of abnormal heart rhythms]() The most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include: ### Tachycardia Tachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate [over 100](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) beats per minute (bpm). There are three subtypes of tachycardia: - Sinus tachycardia: This is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With [sinus tachycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/sinus-tachycardia), your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm. - Supraventricular tachycardia: Supraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria. - Ventricular tachycardia: Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles. ### Atrial fibrillation This disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia. [Atrial fibrillation](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-atrial-fibrillation), or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically. AFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to [80 to 180 bpm](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526072/), which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm. ### Atrial flutter An [atrial flutter](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/atrial-flutter) typically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well. Atrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast. Atrial flutter also [increases](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/other-heart-rhythm-disorders) your risk of stroke. ### Bradycardia If you have bradycardia, you have a [slow heart rate](https://www.healthline.com/health/slow-heart-rate) (less than [60 bpm](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/)). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted. Some [athletes](https://www.healthline.com/health/athlete-heart-rate) have slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem. Bradycardia can result from: - medications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications - hypothyroidism - hypothermia - other heart conditions ### Ventricular fibrillation [Ventricular fibrillation](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-fibrillation) is a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest. It’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation. ### Premature contractions A premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction). In either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat. ## [What are the symptoms of abnormal heart rhythms?]() If you have an abnormal heart rhythm, you may experience some or all of these symptoms: - feeling faint, dizzy, or [lightheaded](https://www.healthline.com/health/lightheadedness) - [shortness of breath](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-does-shortness-of-breath-feel-like) - irregular pulse or [heart palpitations](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-palpitations) - [chest pain](https://www.healthline.com/health/causes-of-chest-pain) - [pale skin](https://www.healthline.com/health/paleness) - sweating - fainting - fatigue ## [What causes abnormal heart rhythms?]() Several factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include: ### High blood pressure [High blood pressure](https://www.healthline.com/health/high-blood-pressure-hypertension) means too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease. ### Coronary heart disease [Coronary heart disease](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/causes-risks) is a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries. This plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart. ### Heart conditions or damage to the heart A heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well. They may include: - changes in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury - healing after heart surgery - structural abnormalities of your heart - heart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood - damage to your heart after a heart attack ### Medications Some medications or substances [may cause](https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000905) your heart rate to change. Medications that may cause your heart rate to increase include: - caffeine - nicotine - decongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine - amphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain - asthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler - other recreational drugs, such as cocaine Medications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include: - [beta-blockers](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/beta-blockers), which treat high blood pressure - calcium channel blockers - certain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and [donepezil](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/donepezil-oral-tablet) ### Anxiety or emotional distress Anxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia. You may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down. ### Illness or fever Having an illness or fever [may temporarily](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562334/) cause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate. Once your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate. ### Other causes Other factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include: - pain - electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium - sleep apnea - blood clots - anemia - hypothyroidism - other health conditions ## [What are the risk factors for abnormal heart rhythms?]() The risks for arrhythmia can include: - smoking - previous heart conditions, or a [family history](https://www.healthline.com/health/family-health-history-day) of heart conditions - diabetes - [stress](https://www.healthline.com/health/stress) - being overweight - being physically inactive - a diet high in fats and cholesterol - high blood pressure or other health problems - drinking alcohol in excess - drug misuse - [sleep apnea](https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep-apnea/effects-on-body) ## [Diagnosing abnormal heart rhythms]() A doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an [electrocardiogram (EKG)](https://www.healthline.com/health/electrocardiogram) machine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause. Other tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include: - Echocardiogram: This test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart. - Rhythm monitoring: You’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a [Holter monitor](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms) or event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities. These monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day. - Stress test:** For [this test](https://www.healthline.com/health/exercise-stress-test), a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart. The [Healthline FindCare tool](https://www.healthline.com/find-care) can provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist. ## [Treating abnormal heart rhythms]() The treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause. You may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help. You might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm. Certain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke. For severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend: - pharmacologic [cardioversion](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia/cardioversion) , which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart - other heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem - [catheter ablation](https://www.healthline.com/health/cardiac-ablation-procedures) to identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms - implantation of a [pacemaker](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-pacemaker) or cardioverter defibrillator - surgery to correct an abnormality ## [Outlook: What should I expect in the long term?]() Although arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups. ## [Prevention]() Once your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning. Certain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you: - eat a [heart-healthy diet](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/a-heart-healthy-diet-food-lists-diet-tips-and-more) - exercise regularly - [quit smoking](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-happens-when-you-quit-smoking), if you smoke - reduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol ## [Takeaway]() Arrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding. It can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states. If you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause. ### How we reviewed this article: Sources History Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our [editorial policy](https://www.healthline.com/about/process). - Arrhythmias: What is arrhythmia? (2022). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias> - Atrial fibrillation: What is atrial fibrillation? (2022). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/atrial-fibrillation> - Balli S, et al. (2023). Physiology, fever. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562334/> - Cardioversion. (2024). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia/cardioversion> - Coronary heart disease: What is coronary heart disease? (2024). <https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/coronary-heart-disease> - Hafeez Y, et al. (2023). Sinus bradycardia. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/> - Ludhwani D, et al. (2023). Ventricular fibrillation. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537120/> - Nesheiwat Z, et al. (2023). Atrial fibrillation. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526072/> - Other heart rhythm disorders. (2024). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/other-heart-rhythm-disorders> - Premature contractions - PACs and PVCs. (2024). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/premature-contractions-pacs-and-pvcs> - Tachycardia: Fast heart rate. (2024). <https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate> - Tisdale JE, et al. (2020). Drug-induced arrhythmias: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. <https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000905> Share this article ![](https://i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Helen-Chen-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105) [Medically reviewed]() by [Helen Chen MCMSc, PA-C]() — Written by Brindles Lee Macon — [Updated on July 22, 2025]() ## related stories - [Heart Arrhythmia After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Very Rare Side Effect](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What Is Ventricular Tachycardia? Symptoms, Causes, and More](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Understanding How Atropine Is Used to Treat Bradycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What to Know About Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Is There a Link Between Rapid Weight Loss and Arrhythmia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext) ### Read this next - [Heart Arrhythmia After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Very Rare Side Effect](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext) [Learn about the risk of developing a heart arrhythmia after COVID-19 vaccination — and how it compares to the risk of arrhythmia after getting…](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-arrhythmia-after-covid-vaccine?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What Is Ventricular Tachycardia? Symptoms, Causes, and More](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) Medically reviewed by [Dr. Payal Kohli, M.D., FACC](https://www.healthline.com/medical-team) [Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rhythm that begins in the ventricles. Learn about ventricular tachycardia symptoms, causes, and diagnosis.](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Understanding How Atropine Is Used to Treat Bradycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Atropine is used to treat bradycardia when the cause can’t be treated or is unknown. Your doctor or cardiologist will know if atropine might help you.](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/atropine-for-bradycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What to Know About Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext) [Learn what causes Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, including what symptoms you may experience, how to treat it, and how it may affect your life.](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Is There a Link Between Rapid Weight Loss and Arrhythmia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext) [We review the link between rapid weight loss and heart arrhythmia, including signs to look for and how to manage both conditions.](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/rapid-weight-loss-and-heart-arrhythmia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What Is Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is an arrhythmia that affects the top chambers of the heart. Learn more about the symptoms, what causes it, and how…](https://www.healthline.com/health/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/ectopic-atrial-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Overview of Wide Complex Tachycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Wide complex tachycardia is a general term that refers to conditions that cause an unusually fast heart rate and a particular pattern on an EKG.](https://www.healthline.com/health/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/wide-complex-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [Should You Take Supplements for a Heart Arrhythmia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext) [While certain nutrients can support heart health, there's no evidence that supplements can treat a heart arrhythmia. You may want to take them…](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia-dietary-supplement?utm_source=ReadNext) - [All About Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [Here's all about this specific type of tachycardia (fast heartbeat) and when it may become a medical emergency.](https://www.healthline.com/health/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/polymorphic-ventricular-tachycardia?utm_source=ReadNext) - [What Are the Complications of Arrhythmia?](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext) [Learn how arrhythmia can lead to complications, like cardiac arrest, heart failure, and stroke, as well as how to prevent those complications.](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext) [READ MORE](https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/arrhythmia-complications?utm_source=ReadNext) © 2026 Healthline Media LLC. 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Readable Markdown	Your heart contains a complex system of valves, nodes, and chambers. They control how and when blood is pumped throughout your body. If these are disrupted, damaged, or compromised, it can change your heart rate or rhythm. Arrhythmias can cause no symptoms, or you may feel some symptoms. They may include: - discomfort - fluttering or pounding in your chest - pain in your chest - shortness of breath - lightheadedness - fatigue - fainting Not all arrhythmias are life threatening or cause health complications. But to be safe, you should report any abnormal heart rhythm to a doctor. The most common types of abnormal heart rhythms include: Tachycardia Tachycardia means that your heart is beating too fast. For example, a typical heart beats 60 to 100 times per minute in adults. Tachycardia is any resting heart rate [over 100](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia--fast-heart-rate) beats per minute (bpm). There are three subtypes of tachycardia: - Sinus tachycardia: This is an increased heart rate that can occur in response to exercise, pain, dehydration, excitement, fever, or illness. With [sinus tachycardia](https://www.healthline.com/health/sinus-tachycardia), your heartbeat returns to its usual rate once you get better or become calm. - Supraventricular tachycardia: Supraventricular tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of your heart, known as the atria. - Ventricular tachycardia: Ventricular tachycardia is a very fast heart rate that occurs in the lower chambers, known as the ventricles. Atrial fibrillation This disorganized heart rhythm occurs in the upper chambers of your heart. It’s the most common arrhythmia. [Atrial fibrillation](https://www.healthline.com/health/living-with-atrial-fibrillation), or AFib, occurs when many unstable electrical impulses misfire, causing your atria to quiver erratically. AFib causes your heart to beat irregularly and can increase your heart rate to [80 to 180 bpm](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526072/), which is much faster than the typical 60 to 100 bpm. Atrial flutter An [atrial flutter](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/atrial-flutter) typically occurs in the right atrium, one of your heart’s two upper chambers. It may occur in the left atrium as well. Atrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia that originates in the atrium and results in rapid atrial rhythm. It’s due to an abnormal circuit of electrical activity. In atrial flutter, your heart’s overall rhythm can be regular, but your heart rate is often fast. Atrial flutter also [increases](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/other-heart-rhythm-disorders) your risk of stroke. Bradycardia If you have bradycardia, you have a [slow heart rate](https://www.healthline.com/health/slow-heart-rate) (less than [60 bpm](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493201/)). Bradycardia generally occurs when the electrical signals traveling from the atria to the ventricles become disrupted. Some [athletes](https://www.healthline.com/health/athlete-heart-rate) have slower heart rates because they’re in excellent physical condition, which isn’t usually due to a heart problem. Bradycardia can result from: - medications, including certain blood pressure and antiarrhythmic medications - hypothyroidism - hypothermia - other heart conditions Ventricular fibrillation [Ventricular fibrillation](https://www.healthline.com/health/ventricular-fibrillation) is a life threatening arrhythmia in which the ventricles beat rapidly and erratically. This impairs the flow of blood from your heart and leads to cardiac arrest. It’s a serious condition that results in death if not immediately treated with defibrillation. Premature contractions A premature contraction is a beat that occurs early. It can occur in the atrium (premature atrial contraction) or in the ventricle (premature ventricular contraction). In either case, when feeling your pulse, it may feel as though your heart pauses or skips a beat. Several factors may cause an abnormal heart rhythm. These can include: High blood pressure [High blood pressure](https://www.healthline.com/health/high-blood-pressure-hypertension) means too much force is required to push the blood through your blood vessels. It creates more resistance to blood flow and can affect how your heart works. Over time, high blood pressure can lead to heart disease. Coronary heart disease [Coronary heart disease](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/causes-risks) is a serious heart problem that occurs when cholesterol and other deposits block your coronary arteries. This plaque prevents oxygen and essential nutrients from reaching your heart. Heart conditions or damage to the heart A heart condition or an injury to your heart can lead you to develop an atypical heart rate. Some of these conditions may have other symptoms as well. They may include: - changes in your heart’s muscle after illness or injury - healing after heart surgery - structural abnormalities of your heart - heart failure, which happens when your heart can’t pump an adequate amount of blood - damage to your heart after a heart attack Medications Some medications or substances [may cause](https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000905) your heart rate to change. Medications that may cause your heart rate to increase include: - caffeine - nicotine - decongestants, such as phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine - amphetamines, which are drugs that stimulate the brain - asthma medications, such as an albuterol inhaler - other recreational drugs, such as cocaine Medications that can cause your heart rate to decrease may include: - [beta-blockers](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/beta-blockers), which treat high blood pressure - calcium channel blockers - certain antiarrhythmic medications, such as digoxin and amiodarone, clonidine, and [donepezil](https://www.healthline.com/health/drugs/donepezil-oral-tablet) Anxiety or emotional distress Anxiety or other emotional distress can increase your heart rate as part of your body’s fight-or-flight response. This can cause sinus tachycardia. You may feel heart palpitations. Your accelerated heart rate typically slows once you calm down. Illness or fever Having an illness or fever [may temporarily](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562334/) cause sinus tachycardia. This may temporarily raise your heart rate. Once your illness resolves, your heart rate typically returns to its normal rate. Other causes Other factors can also cause alterations in your heart’s rhythm. These can include: - pain - electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, calcium, and magnesium - sleep apnea - blood clots - anemia - hypothyroidism - other health conditions The risks for arrhythmia can include: - smoking - previous heart conditions, or a [family history](https://www.healthline.com/health/family-health-history-day) of heart conditions - diabetes - [stress](https://www.healthline.com/health/stress) - being overweight - being physically inactive - a diet high in fats and cholesterol - high blood pressure or other health problems - drinking alcohol in excess - drug misuse - [sleep apnea](https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep-apnea/effects-on-body) A doctor typically performs a physical examination, which may include listening to your heart with a stethoscope and examining your heart’s electrical impulses with an [electrocardiogram (EKG)](https://www.healthline.com/health/electrocardiogram) machine. This can help them determine whether your heart rhythm is abnormal and identify the cause. Other tools that doctors use to diagnose an arrhythmia include: - Echocardiogram: This test is also known as a cardiac echo. It uses sound waves to take pictures of your heart. - Rhythm monitoring: You’ll wear ambulatory rhythm monitoring, such as a [Holter monitor](https://www.healthline.com/health/abnormal-heart-rhythms) or event recorder, for at least 24 hours while doing your daily activities. These monitors allow your doctor to track changes in your heart’s rhythm throughout the day. - Stress test: For [this test](https://www.healthline.com/health/exercise-stress-test), a doctor has you walk or jog on a treadmill to see how exercise affects your heart. The [Healthline FindCare tool](https://www.healthline.com/find-care) can provide options in your area if you need help finding a cardiologist. The treatment for an arrhythmia depends on its cause. You may need to make lifestyle changes, such as increasing your activity level or changing your diet (for example, limiting caffeine intake). If you smoke, a doctor may recommend you consider quitting smoking and provide resources or medication to help. You might also require medication to control your heart rate and any secondary symptoms. This may include rate-controlling medication or antiarrhythmics to control your heart’s rate and rhythm. Certain arrhythmias, such as AFib and atrial flutter, can increase your risk of a stroke. A doctor may recommend blood-thinning medications to lower your risk of stroke. For severe abnormalities that don’t go away with behavioral changes or medication, a doctor may recommend: - pharmacologic [cardioversion](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/prevention--treatment-of-arrhythmia/cardioversion) , which uses medication, or electrical cardioversion, which uses an electrical shock to your heart - other heart testing and procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, to diagnose a heart problem - [catheter ablation](https://www.healthline.com/health/cardiac-ablation-procedures) to identify and destroy tissue that causes abnormal rhythms - implantation of a [pacemaker](https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-pacemaker) or cardioverter defibrillator - surgery to correct an abnormality Although arrhythmias can be quite serious, they can often be managed with treatment. Along with treatment, a doctor may monitor your condition with regular checkups. Once your arrhythmia is under control, a doctor may discuss ways to keep it from returning. Certain lifestyle choices can go a long way toward helping you control your condition. A doctor will probably recommend that you: - eat a [heart-healthy diet](https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/a-heart-healthy-diet-food-lists-diet-tips-and-more) - exercise regularly - [quit smoking](https://www.healthline.com/health/what-happens-when-you-quit-smoking), if you smoke - reduce alcohol intake, if you drink alcohol Arrhythmia can occur if your heart rate is too fast, too slow, or irregular. It may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as the feeling that your heart is pounding. It can occur with conditions that affect the heart and certain medications, substances, or emotional states. If you experience an abnormal heart rhythm, consider making an appointment with a doctor to determine the cause.
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