🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 187 (from laksa137)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa187.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain","crawl_time":1775027491,"first_indexed_time":1476504355,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"au,gov,healthdirect!www,\/back-pain s443","src_root_hash":"11476440364350543187","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Back pain — an overview | healthdirect","meta_descriptions":["Back pain is rarely caused by a serious medical problem but can significantly affect your wellbeing and quality of life. Learn how to manage it."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Key facts\nYour back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\nMore than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem.\nMost cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI.\nKeeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain.\nOn this page\nWhat is back pain?\nWhat causes back pain?\nWhen should I see my doctor?\nHow is back pain diagnosed?\nHow is back pain treated?\nLiving with back pain\nComplications of back pain\nResources and support\nRelated information on Australian websites\nWhat is back pain?\nBack pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues.\nYour back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\nThe adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your\nspinal cord\n.\nBetween your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral\ndiscs\n’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers.\nLigaments\n, tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend.\nThe spine is divided into 5 regions:\ncervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders\nthoracic\n— the region where your ribs attach to your spine\nlumbar\n— lower back\nsacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones\ncoccyx (tailbone)\n— the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your\npelvic floor\nligaments and muscles attach\nDiagram of the different regions of the spine.\nBack pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects\nthe lower back\n.\nBack pain can be acute or chronic:\nAcute pain\nlasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury).\nChronic pain\nlasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently.\nLearn more about\nchronic pain\nand\noptions for managing it\n.\nWhat causes back pain?\nSpecific causes of back pain\nProblems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including:\nosteoarthritis\ninflammatory\narthritis\n, such as spondyloarthropathies and\nankylosing spondylitis\nbone\nfractures\n, which are more common if you have\nosteoporosis\nherniated disc\nVery rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or\ncancer\n.\nNon-specific back pain\nIn most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’.\nWhile this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem.\nFactors that can worsen non-specific back pain include:\nsoft tissue injuries\nstress\nsmoking\nlack of\nexercise\noverweight or\nobesity\nsudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it\nmental health conditions such as\nanxiety\nor\ndepression\nWhen should I see my doctor?\nYou should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain.\nYou should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if:\nthe pain has come on very quickly and is severe\nthe pain is the result of a significant injury or accident\nyou have a\nfever\nor are unwell, along with the pain\nyou can’t walk or move due to the pain\nyou have symptoms such as muscle weakness or\nnumbness in your legs\n, or changes to your bladder or\nbowel function\n(such as\nincontinence\nor\nurinary retention\n)\nyou have been experiencing unexplained weight loss\nFIND A HEALTH SERVICE\n— The\nService Finder\ncan help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.\nHow is back pain diagnosed?\nYour doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a\nphysical examination\n.\nIn most cases, you won’t need special tests such as\nx-rays\n,\nCT scans\nor\nMRI scans\nto diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary.\nIf you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged.\nASK YOUR DOCTOR\n— Preparing for an appointment? Use the\nQuestion Builder\nfor general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.\nHow is back pain treated?\nMost episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment.\nYour doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral\nanti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs)\nor topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch.\nParacetamol\nhas not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain.\nWhile\nopioid medicines\nmay offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm.\nLiving with back pain\nThere are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs:\nKeep physically active\n: Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep.\nMaintain a healthy weight\n: This can help reduce the load on your spine.\nQuit smoking\n: Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis.\nManage your stress levels\n: Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also\nstrategies\nsuch as\nmindfulness\nmeditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels.\nHere are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities:\nConsider your environment\n: Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An\noccupational therapist\ncan give you advice about special support and aids that may help.\nIn the car\n: On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back.\nSafe manual handling\n: If you have a physical job, you are at risk of\nback injury\n. Your employer must keep your\nworkplace safe\n. They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines.\nWorkplace design and posture\n: Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours.\nPoor posture\ncan cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back.\nComplications of back pain\nWhile most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities.\nLearning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing.\nResources and support\nVisit WorkSafe Victoria to watch\nvideos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury\n.\nFind a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association\nsearch tool\nto find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain.\nSee the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about\nback pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain\n.\nLearn about\nwhy it is important to be physically active\nat the Australian Physiotherapy Association website.\nCall the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on\n1800 263 265\n.\nFor help to quit smoking, call\nQuitline\nor\nAboriginal Quitline\n(staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on\n13 7848\n(13 QUIT).\nYou can also call the\nhealthdirect helpline\non\n1800 022 222\n(known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.\nOther languages\nThe following translated resources are available:\nUnderstanding pain and what to do about it? (video)\n, from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network)\nAcute low back pain patient fact sheets\nfrom NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service","attrs_markdown":"[![healthdirect australia logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-hda.svg)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/)\n\nSign in\n\n- [Join](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/account\/join)\n- [Sign in](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/account\/signin)\n\nMenu\n# Healthdirect Free Australian health advice you can count on.\nJoin\n\nSign in\n\nMedical problem? Call 1800 022 222. If you need urgent medical help, call triple zero immediately\n\nhealthdirect Australia is a free service where you can talk to a nurse or doctor who can help you know what to do.\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/)\n- Health topics A-Z\n  - [Conditions](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/conditions) [Gastroenteritis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/gastroenteritis) [Skin Conditions](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/skin-conditions) [Whooping Cough](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/whooping-cough)\n  - [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/symptoms) [Abdominal Pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/abdominal-pain) [Bites and Stings](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/bites-and-stings) [Diarrhoea](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/diarrhoea)\n  - [Procedures](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/procedures) [Colonoscopy](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/colonoscopy) [Grommets](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/grommets) [Liposuction](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/liposuction) [Tubal ligation](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/tubal-ligation)\n  - 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[Conditions](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/conditions)\n  - [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/symptoms)\n  - [Procedures](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics\/procedures)\n  - [Life stages](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/life-stages)\n  - [All topics](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-topics)\n- [Medicines](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/medicines)\n- [Symptom checker](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/symptom-checker)\n- [Service finder](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/australian-health-services)\n\n[beginning of content]()\n\n# Back pain — an overview\n*10-minute read*\n\nPrint\n\nShare\n\n[share via Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain \"Share this page on Facebook\")\n\nshare via Email\n\nSave\n\n[Listen](https:\/\/app-oc.readspeaker.com\/cgi-bin\/rsent?customerid=8207&lang=en_au&readid=mainContentArticleText&url=https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain \"Listen to this page using ReadSpeaker\")\n\n**If you have back pain and have lost feeling or movement in your limbs or are having problems controlling your bowels or bladder, call triple zero (000) and ask for an ambulance.**\n\n## Key facts\n- Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\n- More than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem.\n- Most cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI.\n- Keeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain.\n\n## On this page\n- [What is back pain?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#what-is)\n- [What causes back pain?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#causes)\n- [When should I see my doctor?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#doctor)\n- [How is back pain diagnosed?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#diagnosed)\n- [How is back pain treated?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#treated)\n- [Living with back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#managed)\n- [Complications of back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#complications)\n- [Resources and support](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#resources)\n- [Related information on Australian websites](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#searchGeneralResults)\n## What is back pain?\nBack pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues.\n\nYour back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\n\nThe adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your [spinal cord](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/central-nervous-system).\n\nBetween your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral [discs](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/spinal-disc-problems#spinal-discs)’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers. [Ligaments](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/bones-muscles-and-joints), tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend.\n\nThe spine is divided into 5 regions:\n\n- cervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders\n- [thoracic](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/upper-back-thoracic-pain) — the region where your ribs attach to your spine\n- [lumbar](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/lumbar-spine) — lower back\n- sacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones\n- [coccyx (tailbone)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/tailbone-coccyx-pain-and-injury) — the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your [pelvic floor](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/pelvic-floor-exercises) ligaments and muscles attach\n\n![Illustration showing of the different regions of the spine; cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx.](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/inline\/original\/spine-regions-a3071c.png)\n\nDiagram of the different regions of the spine.\n\nBack pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects [the lower back](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/low-back-pain).\n\nBack pain can be acute or chronic:\n\n- **Acute pain** lasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury).\n- **Chronic pain** lasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently.\n\nLearn more about [chronic pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/chronic-pain) and [options for managing it](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/options-for-managing-chronic-pain).\n\n## What causes back pain?\n### Specific causes of back pain\nProblems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including:\n\n- [osteoarthritis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/osteoarthritis)\n- inflammatory [arthritis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/arthritis), such as spondyloarthropathies and [ankylosing spondylitis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/ankylosing-spondylitis)\n- bone [fractures](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fractures), which are more common if you have [osteoporosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/osteoporosis)\n- [herniated disc](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/spinal-disc-problems)\n\nVery rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or [cancer](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/cancer-types).\n\n### Non-specific back pain\nIn most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’.\n\nWhile this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem.\n\nFactors that can worsen non-specific back pain include:\n\n- soft tissue injuries\n- [stress](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/stress)\n- smoking\n- lack of [exercise](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/tips-for-getting-active)\n- overweight or [obesity](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/obesity)\n- sudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it\n- mental health conditions such as [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/anxiety) or [depression](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/depression)\n## When should I see my doctor?\nYou should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain.\n\nYou should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if:\n\n- the pain has come on very quickly and is severe\n- the pain is the result of a significant injury or accident\n- you have a [fever](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fever) or are unwell, along with the pain\n- you can’t walk or move due to the pain\n- you have symptoms such as muscle weakness or [numbness in your legs](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/limb-numbness), or changes to your bladder or [bowel function](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/faecal-incontinence) (such as [incontinence](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/incontinence) or [urinary retention](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/urinary-retention))\n- you have been experiencing unexplained weight loss\n\n[**FIND A HEALTH SERVICE** — The **Service Finder** can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/australian-health-services)\n\n## How is back pain diagnosed?\nYour doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a [physical examination](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/physical-examination-by-a-doctor).\n\nIn most cases, you won’t need special tests such as [x-rays](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/x-rays), [CT scans](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/ct-scan) or [MRI scans](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri) to diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary.\n\nIf you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged.\n\n[**ASK YOUR DOCTOR** — Preparing for an appointment? Use the **Question Builder** for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/question-builder)\n\n## How is back pain treated?\nMost episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment.\n\nYour doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral [anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/anti-inflammatory-medicines) or topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch.\n\n[Paracetamol](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/paracetamol) has not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain.\n\nWhile [opioid medicines](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/opioid-medicines) may offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm.\n\n## Living with back pain\nThere are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs:\n\n- **[Keep physically active](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fitness-and-exercise)**: Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep.\n- **Maintain a healthy weight**: This can help reduce the load on your spine.\n- **[Quit smoking](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/quit-smoking-vaping)**: Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis.\n- **Manage your stress levels**: Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also [strategies](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/relaxation-techniques-for-stress-relief) such as [mindfulness](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/mindfulness) meditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels.\n\nHere are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities:\n\n- **Consider your environment**: Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An [occupational therapist](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/occupational-therapy) can give you advice about special support and aids that may help.\n- **In the car**: On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back.\n- **Safe manual handling**: If you have a physical job, you are at risk of [back injury](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-injuries). Your employer must keep your [workplace safe](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/wellbeing-at-work). They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines.\n- **Workplace design and posture**: Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours. [Poor posture](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/how-to-improve-your-posture) can cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back.\n## Complications of back pain\nWhile most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities.\n\nLearning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing.\n\n## Resources and support\n- Visit WorkSafe Victoria to watch [videos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury](https:\/\/www.worksafe.vic.gov.au\/hazardous-manual-handling).\n- Find a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association [search tool](https:\/\/choose.physio\/) to find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain.\n- See the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about [back pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain](https:\/\/muscha.org\/back-pain\/).\n- Learn about [why it is important to be physically active](https:\/\/choose.physio\/your-wellbeing\/physical-activity) at the Australian Physiotherapy Association website.\n- Call the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on [1800 263 265](tel:1800263265).\n- For help to quit smoking, call [Quitline](https:\/\/www.quit.org.au\/articles\/about-quitline-13-7848\/) or [Aboriginal Quitline](https:\/\/www.quit.org.au\/articles\/aboriginal-quitline) (staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on [13 7848](tel:137848) (13 QUIT).\n- You can also call the [healthdirect helpline](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/how-healthdirect-can-help-you) on [1800 022 222](tel:1800022222) (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.\n### Other languages\nThe following translated resources are available:\n\n- [Understanding pain and what to do about it? (video)](https:\/\/www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au\/resources\/understanding-pain-and-what-to-do-about-it-video), from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network)\n- [Acute low back pain patient fact sheets](https:\/\/www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au\/resources\/emergency-department-acute-low-back-pain-patient-fact-sheets) from NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service\n\n#### Sources:\nWorkSafe Victoria *[(Hazardous manual handling health and safety guide)](https:\/\/www.worksafe.vic.gov.au\/hazardous-manual-handling-health-and-safety-guide \"Hazardous manual handling health and safety guide\")*, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare *[(Back problems)](https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/chronic-musculoskeletal-conditions\/back-problems\/contents\/what-are-back-problems \"Back problems\")*, Musculoskeletal Australia *[(Understanding back pain)](https:\/\/msk.org.au\/back-pain\/ \"Understanding back pain\")*, Musculoskeletal Australia *[(Making driving more comfortable and less painful)](https:\/\/msk.org.au\/driving-comfort\/ \"Making driving more comfortable and less painful\")*, Perth Children’s Hospital *[(Back pain)](https:\/\/pch.health.wa.gov.au\/For-health-professionals\/Referrals-to-PCH\/Prereferral-guidelines\/Back-pain \"Back pain\")*\n\nLearn more here about the [development and quality assurance of healthdirect content](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/about-our-content).\n\nLast reviewed: June 2024\n\n[Back To Top](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#backToTop)\n\n## Related pages\n- [Low back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/low-back-pain \"Low back pain\")\n- [Upper back pain (thoracic pain)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/upper-back-thoracic-pain \"Upper back pain (thoracic pain)\")\n\n## Search our site for\n- [Spinal Stenosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spinal%20Stenosis \"Search results for: Spinal Stenosis\")\n- [Back Injuries](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Back%20Injuries \"Search results for: Back Injuries\")\n- [Spinal Cord Injuries](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spinal%20Cord%20Injuries \"Search results for: Spinal Cord Injuries\")\n- [Ankylosing Spondylitis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Ankylosing%20Spondylitis \"Search results for: Ankylosing Spondylitis\")\n- [Spondylosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spondylosis \"Search results for: Spondylosis\")\n\n## Need more information?\nThese trusted information partners have more on this topic.\n\nGeneral search results\n\nResults for medical professionals\n\nTop results\n\n[Low back pain - young painHEALTH Condition · 14 min read · 10 Jun 2021 Learn about low back pain and... *Read more on youngpainhealth website* ![youngpainhealth](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/youngpainhealth_logo-5ceff7.png)](https:\/\/youngpainhealth.com.au\/pain-conditions\/low-back-pain\/)\n\n[Lower back pain - Exercise Right Low back pain is very common. So common, in fact, that most (80%) Australian adults will experience at least one episode of low back pain during their lifetime. Although often very painful, most low back pain is not caused by a serious problem and will resolve with some simple care. Physical activity is an important part of that care. *Read more on ESSA website* ![ESSA](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/essa-horizontal-complex-blue-65c21a.png)](https:\/\/exerciseright.com.au\/lower-back-pain\/)\n\n[Low Back Pain - Pain Conditions - painHEALTH Learn about low back pain as a musculoskeletal pain condition to identify how you can approach low back pain in your co-management treatment plan *Read more on painHEALTH website* ![painHEALTH](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/painhealth-logo.png)](https:\/\/painhealth.com.au\/pain-module\/low-back-pain\/)\n\n[10 things you need to know about low back pain Low back pain is common, affecting 1 in 4 Australians. Find out why scans are often unnecessary, and how staying active helps you recover faster. *Read more on NPS MedicineWise website* ![NPS MedicineWise](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/nps_logo-54f847.png)](https:\/\/www.nps.org.au\/consumers\/10-things-you-need-to-know-about-low-back-pain)\n\n[Information for consumers – Low Back Pain Clinical Care Standard \\| Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care What is low back pain? *Read more on ACSQHC website* ![ACSQHC](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/acsqhc_logo_rgb_master_colour-c0a184.png)](https:\/\/www.safetyandquality.gov.au\/standards\/clinical-care-standards\/low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard\/information-consumers-low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard)\n\n[Back Pain — Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment \\| MHA Do you have back pain? Find out about the different causes, how you can manage your musculoskeletal condition, and where to find support. Call us: 1800 263 265 *Read more on Musculoskeletal Health Australia website* ![Musculoskeletal Health Australia](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/mha-logo---horizontal-transparent\\(1\\)-c25236.png)](https:\/\/muscha.org\/back-pain\/)\n\n[Back pain - myDr.com.au Most Australian adults will experience low back pain at some time. Most uncomplicated low back pain resolves after a period of active recovery in 4 weeks. *Read more on myDoctor website* ![myDoctor](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/mydoctor-new_logo-1f39cc.png)](https:\/\/mydr.com.au\/pain\/back-pain\/)\n\n[Back pain – disc problems \\| Better Health Channel Most disc problems resolve without specific treatment. *Read more on Better Health Channel website* ![Better Health Channel](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/bhc-rectangle-image-e99950.png)](https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/back-pain-disc-problems)\n\n[Back pain \\| Better Health Channel Back pain is common. Some people will develop back pain that is persistent (lasts more than three months). There are many things that you can do to live well with back pain. *Read more on Better Health Channel website* ![Better Health Channel](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/bhc-rectangle-image-e99950.png)](https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/Back-pain)\n\n[Back pain — Arthritis Australia Back pain is common but is rarely due to serious disease. Staying active will help you get better faster and prevent more problems. *Read more on Arthritis Australia website* ![Arthritis Australia](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/Arthritis-Australia_logo.png)](https:\/\/arthritisaustralia.com.au\/what-is-arthritis\/areas-of-the-body\/back\/)\n\nShow more\n\nTop results\n\n[Investigating and Managing Low Back Pain About 16% of Australians (4 million) are currently affected by back problems, and about 70 to 90% of people are expected to experience low back pain at some point during their lifetime. Back pain is a leading cause of disability that may adversely affect all aspects of daily functioning. Between 10 and 40% of adults with low back pain are estimated to experience persistent and disabling symptoms. *Read more on Ausmed Education website* ![Ausmed Education](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/ausmed-new-logo-872e67.png)](https:\/\/www.ausmed.com\/learn\/articles\/low-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Exercise for chronic low back pain Non-specific LBP is a major health problem worldwide and is estimated to affect up to 70% of adults, exercise therapy is being recommended to manage this condition *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/handi\/handi-interventions\/musculoskeletal\/exercise-for-chronic-low-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Exercise for acute lower back pain Exercise and diet based therapies for the management of coronary heart disease,cancer fatigue,stroke and type 2 diabetes *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/handi\/handi-interventions\/musculoskeletal\/exercise-for-acute-lower-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Imaging in adults with acute low back pain Most people will experience acute (short-term, lasting less than two months) low back pain at some point in their lives. *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/key-racgp-guidelines\/view-all-racgp-guidelines\/first-do-no-harm\/patient-resources\/imaging-in-adults-with-acute-low-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Imaging in adults with acute low back pain The routine imaging of adult patients experiencing acute low back pain. *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/key-racgp-guidelines\/view-all-racgp-guidelines\/first-do-no-harm\/gp-resources\/imaging-in-adults-with-acute-low-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Mindfulness and CBT for chronic low back pain Low back pain is a leading cause of disability and MBSR and CBT have produced small but clinically meaningful improvements in patients *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/handi\/handi-interventions\/musculoskeletal\/mindfulness-and-cbt-for-chronic-low-back-pain)\n\n[RACGP - Advice to stay active for people with acute low back pain Advising patients with acute low back pain to stay active rather than rest in bed *Read more on RACGP website* ![RACGP](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/clinical-resources\/clinical-guidelines\/handi\/handi-interventions\/musculoskeletal\/advice-to-stay-active-for-people-with-back-pain)\n\n[Low Back Pain Clinical Care Standard \\| Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care Overview *Read more on ACSQHC (Health Professionals) website* ![ACSQHC (Health Professionals)](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/acsqhc_logo_rgb_master_colour-c0a184.png)](https:\/\/www.safetyandquality.gov.au\/standards\/clinical-care-standards\/low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard)\n\n[Pregnancy-Related Back Pain Low back pain (LBP) during pregnancy is often accepted as normal - and even though multiple research studies suggest that the quality of life for patients is adversely affected, many are still advised to self-manage. *Read more on Ausmed Education website* ![Ausmed Education](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/logos\/h40\/ausmed-new-logo-872e67.png)](https:\/\/www.ausmed.com\/learn\/articles\/pregnancy-related-back-pain)\n\nShow more\n\n## Disclaimer\nHealthdirect Australia is not responsible for the content and advertising on the external website you are now entering.\n\n[OK]()\n\n## Related pages\n- [Low back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/low-back-pain \"Low back pain\")\n- [Upper back pain (thoracic pain)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/upper-back-thoracic-pain \"Upper back pain (thoracic pain)\")\n\n## Search our site for\n- [Spinal Stenosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spinal%20Stenosis \"Search results for: Spinal Stenosis\")\n- [Back Injuries](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Back%20Injuries \"Search results for: Back Injuries\")\n- [Spinal Cord Injuries](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spinal%20Cord%20Injuries \"Search results for: Spinal Cord Injuries\")\n- [Ankylosing Spondylitis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Ankylosing%20Spondylitis \"Search results for: Ankylosing Spondylitis\")\n- [Spondylosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/search-results\/Spondylosis \"Search results for: Spondylosis\")\n\n## Symptom checker\n**Feeling pain in your back?**\n\nSelect a symptom, answer some questions, get advice\n\n[Start Your Symptom Check](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/symptom-checker \"Check symptoms\")\n\n[Check your symptoms](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/symptom-checker\/tool?symptom=GNRC) [Find a health service](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/australian-health-services)\n\n# Healthdirect 24hr 7 days a week hotline\n24 hour health advice you can count on\n\n[1800 022 222](tel:1800022222)\n\n# Government Accredited with over 140 information partners\n![Healthdirect logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-hda.svg)\n\nWe are a government-funded service, providing quality, approved health information and advice\n\n[![Australian Government, health department logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-dep-health.svg)](https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/) [![ACT Government logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-act.svg)](https:\/\/www.health.act.gov.au\/) [![New South Wales government logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-nsw.svg)](https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/) [![Northern Territory Government logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-nt.svg)](https:\/\/health.nt.gov.au\/) [![Queensland Government logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-qld.svg)](https:\/\/www.health.qld.gov.au\/) [![Government of South Australia logo](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/assets\/images\/logo-gov-sa.svg)](https:\/\/www.sahealth.sa.gov.au\/) [![Tasmanian government 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AI](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/artificial-intelligence-transparency-statement)\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/contact-us)\n- [About us](https:\/\/about.healthdirect.gov.au\/)\n\n## Discover\n- [Blog](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/blog)\n- [BMI calculator](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/bmi-calculator)\n- [Health apps](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/health-and-wellbeing-apps)\n- [Medicines](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/medicines)\n- [Service finder](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/australian-health-services)\n- [Symptom checker](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/symptom-checker)\n- [Question builder](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/question-builder)\n\n## Resources in your language\n- [Arabic عربى](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/ar\/resources-in-arabic)\n- [বাংলা Bengali](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/bn\/resources-in-bengali)\n- [简体中文 Chinese 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We pay our respects to the Traditional Owners and to Elders both past and present.\n\n© 2026 Healthdirect Australia Limited\n\n## Support for this browser is being discontinued\nSupport for this browser is being discontinued for this site\n\n- Internet Explorer 11 and lower\n\nWe currently support Microsoft Edge, Chrome, Firefox and Safari. For more information, please visit the links below:\n\n- [Chrome by Google](https:\/\/www.google.com.au\/chrome\/)\n- [Firefox by Mozilla](https:\/\/www.mozilla.org\/en-US\/firefox\/new)\n- [Microsoft Edge](https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/edge)\n- [Safari by Apple](https:\/\/support.apple.com\/en_AU\/downloads\/safari)\n\nYou are welcome to continue browsing this site with this browser. Some features, tools or interaction may not work correctly.\n\nContinue\n\n![](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tr?id=286390378916509&ev=PageView%0A%0A&noscript=1)","attrs_readable_markdown":"## Key facts\n- Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\n- More than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem.\n- Most cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI.\n- Keeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain.\n\n## On this page\n- [What is back pain?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#what-is)\n- [What causes back pain?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#causes)\n- [When should I see my doctor?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#doctor)\n- [How is back pain diagnosed?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#diagnosed)\n- [How is back pain treated?](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#treated)\n- [Living with back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#managed)\n- [Complications of back pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#complications)\n- [Resources and support](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#resources)\n- [Related information on Australian websites](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-pain#searchGeneralResults)\n## What is back pain?\nBack pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues.\n\nYour back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks.\n\nThe adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your [spinal cord](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/central-nervous-system).\n\nBetween your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral [discs](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/spinal-disc-problems#spinal-discs)’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers. [Ligaments](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/bones-muscles-and-joints), tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend.\n\nThe spine is divided into 5 regions:\n\n- cervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders\n- [thoracic](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/upper-back-thoracic-pain) — the region where your ribs attach to your spine\n- [lumbar](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/lumbar-spine) — lower back\n- sacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones\n- [coccyx (tailbone)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/tailbone-coccyx-pain-and-injury) — the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your [pelvic floor](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/pelvic-floor-exercises) ligaments and muscles attach\n\n![Illustration showing of the different regions of the spine; cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx.](https:\/\/media.healthdirect.org.au\/images\/inline\/original\/spine-regions-a3071c.png)\n\nDiagram of the different regions of the spine.\n\nBack pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects [the lower back](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/low-back-pain).\n\nBack pain can be acute or chronic:\n\n- **Acute pain** lasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury).\n- **Chronic pain** lasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently.\n\nLearn more about [chronic pain](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/chronic-pain) and [options for managing it](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/options-for-managing-chronic-pain).\n\n## What causes back pain?\n### Specific causes of back pain\nProblems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including:\n\n- [osteoarthritis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/osteoarthritis)\n- inflammatory [arthritis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/arthritis), such as spondyloarthropathies and [ankylosing spondylitis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/ankylosing-spondylitis)\n- bone [fractures](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fractures), which are more common if you have [osteoporosis](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/osteoporosis)\n- [herniated disc](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/spinal-disc-problems)\n\nVery rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or [cancer](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/cancer-types).\n\n### Non-specific back pain\nIn most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’.\n\nWhile this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem.\n\nFactors that can worsen non-specific back pain include:\n\n- soft tissue injuries\n- [stress](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/stress)\n- smoking\n- lack of [exercise](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/tips-for-getting-active)\n- overweight or [obesity](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/obesity)\n- sudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it\n- mental health conditions such as [anxiety](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/anxiety) or [depression](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/depression)\n## When should I see my doctor?\nYou should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain.\n\nYou should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if:\n\n- the pain has come on very quickly and is severe\n- the pain is the result of a significant injury or accident\n- you have a [fever](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fever) or are unwell, along with the pain\n- you can’t walk or move due to the pain\n- you have symptoms such as muscle weakness or [numbness in your legs](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/limb-numbness), or changes to your bladder or [bowel function](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/faecal-incontinence) (such as [incontinence](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/incontinence) or [urinary retention](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/urinary-retention))\n- you have been experiencing unexplained weight loss\n\n[**FIND A HEALTH SERVICE** — The **Service Finder** can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/australian-health-services)\n\n## How is back pain diagnosed?\nYour doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a [physical examination](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/physical-examination-by-a-doctor).\n\nIn most cases, you won’t need special tests such as [x-rays](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/x-rays), [CT scans](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/ct-scan) or [MRI scans](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri) to diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary.\n\nIf you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged.\n\n[**ASK YOUR DOCTOR** — Preparing for an appointment? Use the **Question Builder** for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/question-builder)\n\n## How is back pain treated?\nMost episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment.\n\nYour doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral [anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs)](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/anti-inflammatory-medicines) or topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch.\n\n[Paracetamol](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/paracetamol) has not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain.\n\nWhile [opioid medicines](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/opioid-medicines) may offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm.\n\n## Living with back pain\nThere are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs:\n\n- **[Keep physically active](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/fitness-and-exercise)**: Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep.\n- **Maintain a healthy weight**: This can help reduce the load on your spine.\n- **[Quit smoking](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/quit-smoking-vaping)**: Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis.\n- **Manage your stress levels**: Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also [strategies](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/relaxation-techniques-for-stress-relief) such as [mindfulness](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/mindfulness) meditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels.\n\nHere are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities:\n\n- **Consider your environment**: Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An [occupational therapist](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/occupational-therapy) can give you advice about special support and aids that may help.\n- **In the car**: On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back.\n- **Safe manual handling**: If you have a physical job, you are at risk of [back injury](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/back-injuries). Your employer must keep your [workplace safe](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/wellbeing-at-work). They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines.\n- **Workplace design and posture**: Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours. [Poor posture](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/how-to-improve-your-posture) can cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back.\n## Complications of back pain\nWhile most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities.\n\nLearning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing.\n\n## Resources and support\n- Visit WorkSafe Victoria to watch [videos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury](https:\/\/www.worksafe.vic.gov.au\/hazardous-manual-handling).\n- Find a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association [search tool](https:\/\/choose.physio\/) to find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain.\n- See the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about [back pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain](https:\/\/muscha.org\/back-pain\/).\n- Learn about [why it is important to be physically active](https:\/\/choose.physio\/your-wellbeing\/physical-activity) at the Australian Physiotherapy Association website.\n- Call the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on [1800 263 265](tel:1800263265).\n- For help to quit smoking, call [Quitline](https:\/\/www.quit.org.au\/articles\/about-quitline-13-7848\/) or [Aboriginal Quitline](https:\/\/www.quit.org.au\/articles\/aboriginal-quitline) (staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on [13 7848](tel:137848) (13 QUIT).\n- You can also call the [healthdirect helpline](https:\/\/www.healthdirect.gov.au\/how-healthdirect-can-help-you) on [1800 022 222](tel:1800022222) (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.\n### Other languages\nThe following translated resources are available:\n\n- [Understanding pain and what to do about it? (video)](https:\/\/www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au\/resources\/understanding-pain-and-what-to-do-about-it-video), from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network)\n- [Acute low back pain patient fact sheets](https:\/\/www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au\/resources\/emergency-department-acute-low-back-pain-patient-fact-sheets) from NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Title	Back pain — an overview \| healthdirect
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Boilerpipe Text	Key facts Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. More than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem. Most cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI. Keeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain. On this page What is back pain? What causes back pain? When should I see my doctor? How is back pain diagnosed? How is back pain treated? Living with back pain Complications of back pain Resources and support Related information on Australian websites What is back pain? Back pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues. Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. The adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your spinal cord . Between your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral discs ’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers. Ligaments , tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend. The spine is divided into 5 regions: cervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders thoracic — the region where your ribs attach to your spine lumbar — lower back sacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones coccyx (tailbone) — the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your pelvic floor ligaments and muscles attach Diagram of the different regions of the spine. Back pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects the lower back . Back pain can be acute or chronic: Acute pain lasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury). Chronic pain lasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently. Learn more about chronic pain and options for managing it . What causes back pain? Specific causes of back pain Problems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including: osteoarthritis inflammatory arthritis , such as spondyloarthropathies and ankylosing spondylitis bone fractures , which are more common if you have osteoporosis herniated disc Very rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or cancer . Non-specific back pain In most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’. While this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem. Factors that can worsen non-specific back pain include: soft tissue injuries stress smoking lack of exercise overweight or obesity sudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it mental health conditions such as anxiety or depression When should I see my doctor? You should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain. You should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if: the pain has come on very quickly and is severe the pain is the result of a significant injury or accident you have a fever or are unwell, along with the pain you can’t walk or move due to the pain you have symptoms such as muscle weakness or numbness in your legs , or changes to your bladder or bowel function (such as incontinence or urinary retention ) you have been experiencing unexplained weight loss FIND A HEALTH SERVICE — The Service Finder can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services. How is back pain diagnosed? Your doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a physical examination . In most cases, you won’t need special tests such as x-rays , CT scans or MRI scans to diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary. If you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged. ASK YOUR DOCTOR — Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist. How is back pain treated? Most episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment. Your doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) or topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch. Paracetamol has not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain. While opioid medicines may offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm. Living with back pain There are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs: Keep physically active : Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep. Maintain a healthy weight : This can help reduce the load on your spine. Quit smoking : Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis. Manage your stress levels : Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also strategies such as mindfulness meditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels. Here are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities: Consider your environment : Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An occupational therapist can give you advice about special support and aids that may help. In the car : On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back. Safe manual handling : If you have a physical job, you are at risk of back injury . Your employer must keep your workplace safe . They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines. Workplace design and posture : Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours. Poor posture can cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back. Complications of back pain While most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities. Learning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing. Resources and support Visit WorkSafe Victoria to watch videos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury . Find a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association search tool to find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain. See the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about back pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain . Learn about why it is important to be physically active at the Australian Physiotherapy Association website. Call the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on 1800 263 265 . For help to quit smoking, call Quitline or Aboriginal Quitline (staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on 13 7848 (13 QUIT). You can also call the healthdirect helpline on 1800 022 222 (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Other languages The following translated resources are available: Understanding pain and what to do about it? (video) , from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network) Acute low back pain patient fact sheets from NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service
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[Medicines](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/medicines) - [Symptom checker](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/symptom-checker) - [Service finder](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) Menu Close - [Home](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/) - [Health topics A-Z](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain) - [Conditions](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-topics/conditions) - [Symptoms](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-topics/symptoms) - [Procedures](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-topics/procedures) - [Life stages](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/life-stages) - [All topics](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-topics) - [Medicines](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/medicines) - [Symptom checker](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/symptom-checker) - [Service finder](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) [beginning of content]() # Back pain — an overview 10-minute read Print Share [share via Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain "Share this page on Facebook") share via Email Save [Listen](https://app-oc.readspeaker.com/cgi-bin/rsent?customerid=8207&lang=en_au&readid=mainContentArticleText&url=https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain "Listen to this page using ReadSpeaker") If you have back pain and have lost feeling or movement in your limbs or are having problems controlling your bowels or bladder, call triple zero (000) and ask for an ambulance. ## Key facts - Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. - More than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem. - Most cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI. - Keeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain. ## On this page - [What is back pain?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#what-is) - [What causes back pain?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#causes) - [When should I see my doctor?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#doctor) - [How is back pain diagnosed?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#diagnosed) - [How is back pain treated?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#treated) - [Living with back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#managed) - [Complications of back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#complications) - [Resources and support](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#resources) - [Related information on Australian websites](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#searchGeneralResults) ## What is back pain? Back pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues. Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. The adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your [spinal cord](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/central-nervous-system). Between your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral [discs](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spinal-disc-problems#spinal-discs)’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers. [Ligaments](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bones-muscles-and-joints), tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend. The spine is divided into 5 regions: - cervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders - [thoracic](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/upper-back-thoracic-pain) — the region where your ribs attach to your spine - [lumbar](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/lumbar-spine) — lower back - sacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones - [coccyx (tailbone)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/tailbone-coccyx-pain-and-injury) — the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your [pelvic floor](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/pelvic-floor-exercises) ligaments and muscles attach ![Illustration showing of the different regions of the spine; cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx.](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/inline/original/spine-regions-a3071c.png) Diagram of the different regions of the spine. Back pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects [the lower back](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/low-back-pain). Back pain can be acute or chronic: - Acute pain lasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury). - Chronic pain lasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently. Learn more about [chronic pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/chronic-pain) and [options for managing it](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/options-for-managing-chronic-pain). ## What causes back pain? ### Specific causes of back pain Problems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including: - [osteoarthritis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/osteoarthritis) - inflammatory [arthritis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/arthritis), such as spondyloarthropathies and [ankylosing spondylitis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ankylosing-spondylitis) - bone [fractures](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fractures), which are more common if you have [osteoporosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/osteoporosis) - [herniated disc](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spinal-disc-problems) Very rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or [cancer](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/cancer-types). ### Non-specific back pain In most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’. While this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem. Factors that can worsen non-specific back pain include: - soft tissue injuries - [stress](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/stress) - smoking - lack of [exercise](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/tips-for-getting-active) - overweight or [obesity](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/obesity) - sudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it - mental health conditions such as [anxiety](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anxiety) or [depression](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/depression) ## When should I see my doctor? You should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain. You should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if: - the pain has come on very quickly and is severe - the pain is the result of a significant injury or accident - you have a [fever](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fever) or are unwell, along with the pain - you can’t walk or move due to the pain - you have symptoms such as muscle weakness or [numbness in your legs](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/limb-numbness), or changes to your bladder or [bowel function](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/faecal-incontinence) (such as [incontinence](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/incontinence) or [urinary retention](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/urinary-retention)) - you have been experiencing unexplained weight loss [FIND A HEALTH SERVICE — The Service Finder can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) ## How is back pain diagnosed? Your doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a [physical examination](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/physical-examination-by-a-doctor). In most cases, you won’t need special tests such as [x-rays](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/x-rays), [CT scans](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ct-scan) or [MRI scans](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri) to diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary. If you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged. [ASK YOUR DOCTOR — Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/question-builder) ## How is back pain treated? Most episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment. Your doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral [anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anti-inflammatory-medicines) or topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch. [Paracetamol](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/paracetamol) has not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain. While [opioid medicines](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/opioid-medicines) may offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm. ## Living with back pain There are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs: - [Keep physically active](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fitness-and-exercise): Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep. - Maintain a healthy weight: This can help reduce the load on your spine. - [Quit smoking](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/quit-smoking-vaping): Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis. - Manage your stress levels: Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also [strategies](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/relaxation-techniques-for-stress-relief) such as [mindfulness](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/mindfulness) meditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels. Here are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities: - Consider your environment: Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An [occupational therapist](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/occupational-therapy) can give you advice about special support and aids that may help. - In the car: On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back. - Safe manual handling: If you have a physical job, you are at risk of [back injury](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-injuries). Your employer must keep your [workplace safe](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/wellbeing-at-work). They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines. - Workplace design and posture: Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours. [Poor posture](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-to-improve-your-posture) can cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back. ## Complications of back pain While most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities. Learning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing. ## Resources and support - Visit WorkSafe Victoria to watch [videos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury](https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/hazardous-manual-handling). - Find a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association [search tool](https://choose.physio/) to find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain. - See the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about [back pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain](https://muscha.org/back-pain/). - Learn about [why it is important to be physically active](https://choose.physio/your-wellbeing/physical-activity) at the Australian Physiotherapy Association website. - Call the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on [1800 263 265](tel:1800263265). - For help to quit smoking, call [Quitline](https://www.quit.org.au/articles/about-quitline-13-7848/) or [Aboriginal Quitline](https://www.quit.org.au/articles/aboriginal-quitline) (staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on [13 7848](tel:137848) (13 QUIT). - You can also call the [healthdirect helpline](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-healthdirect-can-help-you) on [1800 022 222](tel:1800022222) (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. ### Other languages The following translated resources are available: - [Understanding pain and what to do about it? (video)](https://www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au/resources/understanding-pain-and-what-to-do-about-it-video), from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network) - [Acute low back pain patient fact sheets](https://www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au/resources/emergency-department-acute-low-back-pain-patient-fact-sheets) from NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service #### Sources: WorkSafe Victoria [(Hazardous manual handling health and safety guide)](https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/hazardous-manual-handling-health-and-safety-guide "Hazardous manual handling health and safety guide"), Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [(Back problems)](https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/chronic-musculoskeletal-conditions/back-problems/contents/what-are-back-problems "Back problems"), Musculoskeletal Australia [(Understanding back pain)](https://msk.org.au/back-pain/ "Understanding back pain"), Musculoskeletal Australia [(Making driving more comfortable and less painful)](https://msk.org.au/driving-comfort/ "Making driving more comfortable and less painful"), Perth Children’s Hospital [(Back pain)](https://pch.health.wa.gov.au/For-health-professionals/Referrals-to-PCH/Prereferral-guidelines/Back-pain "Back pain") Learn more here about the [development and quality assurance of healthdirect content](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/about-our-content). Last reviewed: June 2024 [Back To Top](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#backToTop) ## Related pages - [Low back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/low-back-pain "Low back pain") - [Upper back pain (thoracic pain)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/upper-back-thoracic-pain "Upper back pain (thoracic pain)") ## Search our site for - [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spinal%20Stenosis "Search results for: Spinal Stenosis") - [Back Injuries](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Back%20Injuries "Search results for: Back Injuries") - [Spinal Cord Injuries](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spinal%20Cord%20Injuries "Search results for: Spinal Cord Injuries") - [Ankylosing Spondylitis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Ankylosing%20Spondylitis "Search results for: Ankylosing Spondylitis") - [Spondylosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spondylosis "Search results for: Spondylosis") ## Need more information? These trusted information partners have more on this topic. General search results Results for medical professionals Top results [Low back pain - young painHEALTH Condition · 14 min read · 10 Jun 2021 Learn about low back pain and... Read more on youngpainhealth website ![youngpainhealth](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/youngpainhealth_logo-5ceff7.png)](https://youngpainhealth.com.au/pain-conditions/low-back-pain/) [Lower back pain - Exercise Right Low back pain is very common. So common, in fact, that most (80%) Australian adults will experience at least one episode of low back pain during their lifetime. Although often very painful, most low back pain is not caused by a serious problem and will resolve with some simple care. Physical activity is an important part of that care. Read more on ESSA website ![ESSA](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/essa-horizontal-complex-blue-65c21a.png)](https://exerciseright.com.au/lower-back-pain/) [Low Back Pain - Pain Conditions - painHEALTH Learn about low back pain as a musculoskeletal pain condition to identify how you can approach low back pain in your co-management treatment plan Read more on painHEALTH website ![painHEALTH](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/painhealth-logo.png)](https://painhealth.com.au/pain-module/low-back-pain/) [10 things you need to know about low back pain Low back pain is common, affecting 1 in 4 Australians. Find out why scans are often unnecessary, and how staying active helps you recover faster. Read more on NPS MedicineWise website ![NPS MedicineWise](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/nps_logo-54f847.png)](https://www.nps.org.au/consumers/10-things-you-need-to-know-about-low-back-pain) [Information for consumers – Low Back Pain Clinical Care Standard \\| Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care What is low back pain? Read more on ACSQHC website ![ACSQHC](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/acsqhc_logo_rgb_master_colour-c0a184.png)](https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards/low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard/information-consumers-low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard) [Back Pain — Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment \\| MHA Do you have back pain? Find out about the different causes, how you can manage your musculoskeletal condition, and where to find support. Call us: 1800 263 265 Read more on Musculoskeletal Health Australia website ![Musculoskeletal Health Australia](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/mha-logo---horizontal-transparent\(1\)-c25236.png)](https://muscha.org/back-pain/) [Back pain - myDr.com.au Most Australian adults will experience low back pain at some time. Most uncomplicated low back pain resolves after a period of active recovery in 4 weeks. Read more on myDoctor website ![myDoctor](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/mydoctor-new_logo-1f39cc.png)](https://mydr.com.au/pain/back-pain/) [Back pain – disc problems \\| Better Health Channel Most disc problems resolve without specific treatment. Read more on Better Health Channel website ![Better Health Channel](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/bhc-rectangle-image-e99950.png)](https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/back-pain-disc-problems) [Back pain \\| Better Health Channel Back pain is common. Some people will develop back pain that is persistent (lasts more than three months). There are many things that you can do to live well with back pain. Read more on Better Health Channel website ![Better Health Channel](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/bhc-rectangle-image-e99950.png)](https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/Back-pain) [Back pain — Arthritis Australia Back pain is common but is rarely due to serious disease. Staying active will help you get better faster and prevent more problems. Read more on Arthritis Australia website ![Arthritis Australia](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/Arthritis-Australia_logo.png)](https://arthritisaustralia.com.au/what-is-arthritis/areas-of-the-body/back/) Show more Top results [Investigating and Managing Low Back Pain About 16% of Australians (4 million) are currently affected by back problems, and about 70 to 90% of people are expected to experience low back pain at some point during their lifetime. Back pain is a leading cause of disability that may adversely affect all aspects of daily functioning. Between 10 and 40% of adults with low back pain are estimated to experience persistent and disabling symptoms. Read more on Ausmed Education website ![Ausmed Education](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/ausmed-new-logo-872e67.png)](https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/low-back-pain) [RACGP - Exercise for chronic low back pain Non-specific LBP is a major health problem worldwide and is estimated to affect up to 70% of adults, exercise therapy is being recommended to manage this condition Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/musculoskeletal/exercise-for-chronic-low-back-pain) [RACGP - Exercise for acute lower back pain Exercise and diet based therapies for the management of coronary heart disease,cancer fatigue,stroke and type 2 diabetes Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/musculoskeletal/exercise-for-acute-lower-back-pain) [RACGP - Imaging in adults with acute low back pain Most people will experience acute (short-term, lasting less than two months) low back pain at some point in their lives. Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/key-racgp-guidelines/view-all-racgp-guidelines/first-do-no-harm/patient-resources/imaging-in-adults-with-acute-low-back-pain) [RACGP - Imaging in adults with acute low back pain The routine imaging of adult patients experiencing acute low back pain. Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/key-racgp-guidelines/view-all-racgp-guidelines/first-do-no-harm/gp-resources/imaging-in-adults-with-acute-low-back-pain) [RACGP - Mindfulness and CBT for chronic low back pain Low back pain is a leading cause of disability and MBSR and CBT have produced small but clinically meaningful improvements in patients Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/musculoskeletal/mindfulness-and-cbt-for-chronic-low-back-pain) [RACGP - Advice to stay active for people with acute low back pain Advising patients with acute low back pain to stay active rather than rest in bed Read more on RACGP website ![RACGP](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/racgp_master_rgb-f5ccb3.png)](https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/handi/handi-interventions/musculoskeletal/advice-to-stay-active-for-people-with-back-pain) [Low Back Pain Clinical Care Standard \\| Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care Overview Read more on ACSQHC (Health Professionals) website ![ACSQHC (Health Professionals)](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/acsqhc_logo_rgb_master_colour-c0a184.png)](https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards/low-back-pain-clinical-care-standard) [Pregnancy-Related Back Pain Low back pain (LBP) during pregnancy is often accepted as normal - and even though multiple research studies suggest that the quality of life for patients is adversely affected, many are still advised to self-manage. Read more on Ausmed Education website ![Ausmed Education](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/logos/h40/ausmed-new-logo-872e67.png)](https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/pregnancy-related-back-pain) Show more ## Disclaimer Healthdirect Australia is not responsible for the content and advertising on the external website you are now entering. [OK]() ## Related pages - [Low back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/low-back-pain "Low back pain") - [Upper back pain (thoracic pain)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/upper-back-thoracic-pain "Upper back pain (thoracic pain)") ## Search our site for - [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spinal%20Stenosis "Search results for: Spinal Stenosis") - [Back Injuries](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Back%20Injuries "Search results for: Back Injuries") - [Spinal Cord Injuries](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spinal%20Cord%20Injuries "Search results for: Spinal Cord Injuries") - [Ankylosing Spondylitis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Ankylosing%20Spondylitis "Search results for: Ankylosing Spondylitis") - [Spondylosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/search-results/Spondylosis "Search results for: Spondylosis") ## Symptom checker Feeling pain in your back? Select a symptom, answer some questions, get advice [Start Your Symptom Check](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/symptom-checker "Check symptoms") [Check your symptoms](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/symptom-checker/tool?symptom=GNRC) [Find a health service](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) # Healthdirect 24hr 7 days a week hotline 24 hour health advice you can count on [1800 022 222](tel:1800022222) # Government Accredited with over 140 information partners ![Healthdirect logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-hda.svg) We are a government-funded service, providing quality, approved health information and advice [![Australian Government, health department logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-dep-health.svg)](https://www.health.gov.au/) [![ACT Government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-act.svg)](https://www.health.act.gov.au/) [![New South Wales government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-nsw.svg)](https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/) [![Northern Territory Government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-nt.svg)](https://health.nt.gov.au/) [![Queensland Government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-qld.svg)](https://www.health.qld.gov.au/) [![Government of South Australia logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-sa.svg)](https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/) [![Tasmanian government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-tas.svg)](https://www.health.tas.gov.au/) [![Victorian government logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-vic.svg)](https://www2.health.vic.gov.au/) [![Government of Western Australia logo](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/logo-gov-wa.svg)](https://ww2.health.wa.gov.au/) ## About - [How we can help](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-healthdirect-can-help-you) - [Our mobile app](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-app) - [Linking to us](https://about.healthdirect.gov.au/linking-to-us) - [Information partners](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/information-partners) - [Register your service](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/register-with-nhsd) - [Terms of use](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/terms-of-use) - [Privacy](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/privacy-policy) - [How we use AI](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/artificial-intelligence-transparency-statement) - [Contact us](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/contact-us) - [About us](https://about.healthdirect.gov.au/) ## Discover - [Blog](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/blog) - [BMI calculator](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bmi-calculator) - [Health apps](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/health-and-wellbeing-apps) - [Medicines](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/medicines) - [Service finder](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) - [Symptom checker](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/symptom-checker) - [Question builder](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/question-builder) ## Resources in your language - [Arabic عربى](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ar/resources-in-arabic) - [বাংলা Bengali](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bn/resources-in-bengali) - [简体中文 Chinese Simplified](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/zh-hans/resources-in-chinese-simplified) - [繁體中文 Chinese Traditional](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/zh-hant/resources-in-chinese-traditional) - [Tiếng Việt Vietnamese](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/vi/resources-in-vietnamese) [![download from the App store](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/app-apple-store.png)](https://itunes.apple.com/au/app/healthdirect-check-symptoms/id1021494621?ls=1&mt=8) [![download from google play](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/assets/images/app-google-play.png)](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=au.org.healthdirect.healthdirectapp) Healthdirect Australia is dedicated to providing safe, effective and person-centred advice, supported by rigorous [clinical governance](https://about.healthdirect.gov.au/end-to-end-service-delivery) and transparent [quality and safety processes](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/quality-and-safety-of-healthdirects-triage-service-statement). 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Readable Markdown	## Key facts - Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. - More than 9 out of 10 cases of back pain are not caused by a serious medical problem. - Most cases of back pain can be diagnosed without imaging scans, such as x-ray, CT or MRI. - Keeping active has been shown to be the most effective way of managing non-specific back pain. ## On this page - [What is back pain?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#what-is) - [What causes back pain?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#causes) - [When should I see my doctor?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#doctor) - [How is back pain diagnosed?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#diagnosed) - [How is back pain treated?](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#treated) - [Living with back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#managed) - [Complications of back pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#complications) - [Resources and support](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#resources) - [Related information on Australian websites](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-pain#searchGeneralResults) ## What is back pain? Back pain includes pain that affects any area of your spine or the surrounding muscles, nerves and tissues. Your back includes the area from your neck to your buttocks. The adult spine is made of 24 individual vertebrae stacked on top of each other. These are the bones that make up your spine and the bony tunnel (spinal canal) that encases and protects your [spinal cord](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/central-nervous-system). Between your vertebrae are ‘intervertebral [discs](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spinal-disc-problems#spinal-discs)’. These spongy cushions act as shock absorbers. [Ligaments](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bones-muscles-and-joints), tendons and muscles also hold your spine together and allow it to flex and bend. The spine is divided into 5 regions: - cervical — includes your neck region, from where your skull is attached to your spine, down to your shoulders - [thoracic](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/upper-back-thoracic-pain) — the region where your ribs attach to your spine - [lumbar](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/lumbar-spine) — lower back - sacrum — the 5 vertebrae that fuse to form a triangular bone that is attached to your pelvic bones - [coccyx (tailbone)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/tailbone-coccyx-pain-and-injury) — the 4 joined (fused) vertebrae at the base of your spine, where your [pelvic floor](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/pelvic-floor-exercises) ligaments and muscles attach ![Illustration showing of the different regions of the spine; cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx.](https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/inline/original/spine-regions-a3071c.png) Diagram of the different regions of the spine. Back pain can affect any area of the back, but it most commonly affects [the lower back](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/low-back-pain). Back pain can be acute or chronic: - Acute pain lasts for a short time only and may have a clear cause (for example, accident or injury). - Chronic pain lasts longer than 3 months, and often needs to be managed differently. Learn more about [chronic pain](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/chronic-pain) and [options for managing it](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/options-for-managing-chronic-pain). ## What causes back pain? ### Specific causes of back pain Problems with any of the bones, muscles, nerves or connective tissues of the back can lead to back pain, including: - [osteoarthritis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/osteoarthritis) - inflammatory [arthritis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/arthritis), such as spondyloarthropathies and [ankylosing spondylitis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ankylosing-spondylitis) - bone [fractures](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fractures), which are more common if you have [osteoporosis](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/osteoporosis) - [herniated disc](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/spinal-disc-problems) Very rarely, back pain results from a serious condition, such as a spinal infection or [cancer](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/cancer-types). ### Non-specific back pain In most cases, your doctor won’t identify a specific cause of the pain. This pain is known as ‘non-specific back pain’. While this can be frustrating, it should also reassure you that your pain isn’t caused by a serious medical problem. Factors that can worsen non-specific back pain include: - soft tissue injuries - [stress](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/stress) - smoking - lack of [exercise](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/tips-for-getting-active) - overweight or [obesity](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/obesity) - sudden increase in load on the spine — for example, lifting heavy objects or children, when you’re not used to it - mental health conditions such as [anxiety](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anxiety) or [depression](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/depression) ## When should I see my doctor? You should see your doctor if your back pain isn’t getting better after about 6 weeks or is affecting your ability to sleep or perform daily activities. They can give you advice about measures you can take to relieve and manage your back pain. You should call triple zero (000) or go to your nearest emergency department if: - the pain has come on very quickly and is severe - the pain is the result of a significant injury or accident - you have a [fever](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fever) or are unwell, along with the pain - you can’t walk or move due to the pain - you have symptoms such as muscle weakness or [numbness in your legs](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/limb-numbness), or changes to your bladder or [bowel function](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/faecal-incontinence) (such as [incontinence](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/incontinence) or [urinary retention](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/urinary-retention)) - you have been experiencing unexplained weight loss [FIND A HEALTH SERVICE — The Service Finder can help you find doctors, pharmacies, hospitals and other health services.](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/australian-health-services) ## How is back pain diagnosed? Your doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, medical history and general health, and will give you a [physical examination](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/physical-examination-by-a-doctor). In most cases, you won’t need special tests such as [x-rays](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/x-rays), [CT scans](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ct-scan) or [MRI scans](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri) to diagnose the cause of your pain. Your doctor can discuss with you whether they think these are necessary. If you do have a scan, it’s important to remember that it’s normal to experience changes to your spine over time that can be seen on an imaging scan. These don’t necessarily mean that your spine is damaged. [ASK YOUR DOCTOR — Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/question-builder) ## How is back pain treated? Most episodes of acute back pain eventually pass on their own without special treatment. Your doctor may prescribe medicines to help relieve short-term back pain, such as oral [anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs)](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anti-inflammatory-medicines) or topical anti-inflammatory medicines applied to the skin via a cream, gel, ointment, spray or patch. [Paracetamol](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/paracetamol) has not been shown to be effective for acute or chronic back pain. While [opioid medicines](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/opioid-medicines) may offer short-term relief of acute, severe back pain, they aren’t usually recommended due to the high risk of significant side effects and potential harm. ## Living with back pain There are many things you can do to minimise and manage back pain, especially if it persists or recurs: - [Keep physically active](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fitness-and-exercise): Resting your back can often make the pain worse; keeping active can relieve symptoms such as pain and poor sleep. - Maintain a healthy weight: This can help reduce the load on your spine. - [Quit smoking](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/quit-smoking-vaping): Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of developing back and neck pain and some kinds of arthritis. - Manage your stress levels: Stress makes pain worse by causing increased muscle tension and spasm. You can try also [strategies](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/relaxation-techniques-for-stress-relief) such as [mindfulness](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/mindfulness) meditation, which has been shown to reduce pain levels. Here are some tips for managing back pain while you go about your daily activities: - Consider your environment: Ensure that your back is well supported while sitting and standing in different environments. Consider your furniture at home and in your workspace and in the car. An [occupational therapist](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/occupational-therapy) can give you advice about special support and aids that may help. - In the car: On long car journeys, make sure you adjust your seat, mirrors and steering wheel before you start. Plan regular breaks to get up and stretch your back. - Safe manual handling: If you have a physical job, you are at risk of [back injury](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/back-injuries). Your employer must keep your [workplace safe](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/wellbeing-at-work). They must teach you how to handle heavy loads safely, and you should follow your workplace guidelines. - Workplace design and posture: Your work may require you to sit or stand for many hours. [Poor posture](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-to-improve-your-posture) can cause back injury or pain. Your workstation should be designed to allow you to stand and sit in a way that supports your back. ## Complications of back pain While most cases of back pain itself don’t have a serious cause, back pain can have a significant impact on your health and wellbeing. People with chronic back pain are at a higher risk of suffering from psychological distress and may experience difficulties with their work or daily activities. Learning to manage back pain can help reduce its impact on your health and wellbeing. ## Resources and support - Visit WorkSafe Victoria to watch [videos explaining manual handling in the workplace and how to prevent injury](https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/hazardous-manual-handling). - Find a physiotherapist — use the Australian Physiotherapy Association [search tool](https://choose.physio/) to find physiotherapists to prevent or treat upper back pain. - See the Musculoskeletal Health Australia website for information about [back pain and tips to manage and prevent back pain](https://muscha.org/back-pain/). - Learn about [why it is important to be physically active](https://choose.physio/your-wellbeing/physical-activity) at the Australian Physiotherapy Association website. - Call the National Arthritis and Back Pain Help Line on [1800 263 265](tel:1800263265). - For help to quit smoking, call [Quitline](https://www.quit.org.au/articles/about-quitline-13-7848/) or [Aboriginal Quitline](https://www.quit.org.au/articles/aboriginal-quitline) (staffed by Aboriginal counsellors) on [13 7848](tel:137848) (13 QUIT). - You can also call the [healthdirect helpline](https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-healthdirect-can-help-you) on [1800 022 222](tel:1800022222) (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. ### Other languages The following translated resources are available: - [Understanding pain and what to do about it? (video)](https://www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au/resources/understanding-pain-and-what-to-do-about-it-video), from the Agency for Clinical Innovation (Pain Management Network) - [Acute low back pain patient fact sheets](https://www.healthtranslations.vic.gov.au/resources/emergency-department-acute-low-back-pain-patient-fact-sheets) from NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service
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