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| Meta Title | Paxlovid for COVID-19: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions Dose - Drugs.com |
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Paxlovid
Pronunciation:
pax-LO-vid
Generic name:
nirmatrelvir and ritonavir
Dosage form:
tablets, co-packaged for oral use
Drug class:
Antiviral combinations
Uses
Side effects
Warnings
Before taking
Dosage
Interactions
FAQ
What is Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is an
antiviral
treatment used for
COVID-19
to lower the risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Paxlovid works by helping stop the virus from multiplying, which improves COVID-19 symptoms and reduces hospitalizations and deaths in high-risk patients.
Paxlovid contains nirmatrelvir tablets and
ritonavir
tablets packaged together. Â
Paxlovid should be started as soon as possible after a COVID-19 diagnosis and within the first 5 days that you have had symptoms.
The usual Paxlovid dose is two nirmatrelvir tablets and one ritonavir tablet taken together twice daily for 5 days. The dose needs to be changed if you have kidney problems, and if you are taking certain medicines, Paxlovid is not suitable for some patients.
Who can take Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is used for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in patients who are at high risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. It is available under:
FDA approval for adults
Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) patients 12 to 18 years old.
People who are at high risk of severe COVID-19 are patients with:
heart disease, diabetes, lung disease, cancer, blood disorders, immune disorders, mental health conditions, disabilities, or other conditions
being overweight or obese
50 years or older
lifestyle factors, such as smoking
physical, mental, and developmental disabilities.
Paxlovid is not approved for use as a pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent COVID-19 or for the prevention of long COVID.
How does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid’s active ingredient nirmatrelvir, works by blocking an enzyme (SARS-CoV-2-3CL protease) that the coronavirus needs to replicate. Ritonavir works by increasing the concentration of nirmatrelvir in the body, making nirmatrelvir a more effective antiviral.
Paxlovid side effects
Common Paxlovid side effects
changes in your sense of taste; or
diarrhea
Serious side effects
This medicine may cause serious side effects, including allergic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, and liver problems.
Allergic reactions:
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (
hives
, difficulty breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (
fever
,
sore throat
, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple
skin rash
with blistering and peeling).
Liver problems
: Call your doctor at once if you have:
Liver problems symptoms include loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, itching, dark urine, clay-colored stools, and
jaundice
(yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Ritonavir side effects
Ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in this medicine affects your immune system, which may cause certain side effects (even weeks or months after you've taken nirmatrelvir and ritonavir). Tell your doctor if you have:
signs of a new infection--fever, night sweats, swollen glands,
cold sores
,
cough
, wheezing,
diarrhea
,
weight loss
;
trouble speaking or swallowing, problems with balance or eye movement, weakness or prickly feeling; or
swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual changes,
impotence
.
This is not a complete list of side effects, and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Warnings
Paxlovid Drug Interactions:
Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. It is important to know the medicines that should not be taken with this medicine. See the Interactions section below and check the interactions checker.
Hypersensitivity Reactions:
Anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions (including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and other hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with this medicine. Do not take this medicine if you are allergic to nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, or any of the ingredients in this medicine. If signs and symptoms of a clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction or anaphylaxis occur, immediately stop taking the tablets and start appropriate medications and/or supportive care.Â
Hepatotoxicity:
Hepatic transaminase elevations, clinical hepatitis, and jaundice have occurred in patients receiving ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in Paxlovid.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance:
Using Paxovid may lead to a risk of HIV-1 developing resistance to HIV protease inhibitors if you have uncontrolled or undiagnosed HIV-1 infection.Â
Paxlovid rebound and COVID rebound
COVID rebound is when COVID symptoms return between 2 and 8 days after finishing treatment; symptoms are mild, transient, and usually clear up in 1 to 3 days. COVID rebound can happen in those who are vaccinated, unvaccinated, treated, and not treated. When COVID-19 symptoms return in Paxlovid-treated patients, some people have called it Paxlovid rebound.
The CDC states that “There is currently no evidence that additional treatment is needed with Paxlovid or other anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapies in cases where COVID-19 rebound is suspected.”
Before taking this medicine
You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to the active ingredients nirmatrelvir and ritonavir or any of the inactive ingredients. A list of ingredients is at the bottom of this page.
Tell your doctor if:
you have liver problems or a liver disease such as hepatitis;
you have kidney problems;
you have anÂ
HIV
-1Â
infection
;
you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or
you have any serious or chronic disease.
Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. See the Interactions section below.
Pregnancy
Tell your healthcare provider right away if you are or if you become pregnant. It is not known if this medicine can harm your unborn baby. Ritonavir can make
birth control pills
 or birth control skin patches less effective. Ask your doctor about otherÂ
birth control
 options such as an injection, implant,Â
vaginal ring
, condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, or contraceptive sponge.
Breastfeeding
Tell your healthcare provider you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Paxlovid can pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with this medicine.
How should I take Paxlovid?
Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
Paxlovid Instructions
Take nirmatrelvir together with ritonavir (two tablets of nirmatrelvir and one tablet of ritonavir) twice a day for 5 consecutive days. If you have kidney disease, talk to your healthcare provider, as you may need to take a different dose.
Take tablets as soon as possible after diagnosis of COVID-19 and within 5 days of when symptoms first appear.
You may take tablets with or without food.
Swallow the tablets whole and do not crush, chew, or break them.
General Information
You may need frequent blood tests to check your liver function.
If you are taking a ritonavir- or cobicistat-containing medicine to treat hepatitis C or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), you should continue to take your medicine as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Talk to your healthcare provider if you do not feel better or if you feel worse after 5 days.
If you have kidney disease, your prescriber may prescribe you a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
Paxlovid dosage information
Usual Paxlovid Dosing for Adult COVID-19 (FDA-approved)
Nirmatrelvir:
300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
Ritonavir:
100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
Usual Paxlovid Dosing for 12 to 18-Year-Old COVID-19 (EUA)
For investigational use only
Use:
Patients 12 to 18 years old weighing at least 40 kg
Nirmatrelvir:
300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
Ritonavir:
100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
Usual Dosing for Renal Impairment
Mild renal impairment
[estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 to <90 mL/min]. No dosage adjustment is recommendedÂ
Moderate renal impairment
(eGFR ≥30 to <60 mL/min)
Nirmatrelvir:
150 mg twice daily for 5 days
Ritonavir:
100 mg twice daily for 5 days
Severe renal impairment
(eGFR <30 mL/min), including those requiring hemodialysis
Day 1
: 300 mg nirmatrelvir (two 150 mg tablets) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet)
once
Day 2 - 5:
150 mg nirmatrelvir (one 150 mg tablet) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet)
once dailyÂ
General dosing information:
If you have kidney disease, your healthcare provider may prescribe a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
Nirmatrelvir must be coadministered with ritonavir. Prescriptions should specify the numeric dose of each active component within this product.
This product should be started as soon as possible after COVID-19 has been diagnosed and within 5 days of symptom onset.
If hospitalization is required due to severe/critical COVID-19 after starting treatment with this product, the patient should complete the full 5-day treatment course per the health care provider's discretion.
What happens if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of your tablets within 8 hours of the time it is usually taken, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss a dose by more than 8 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses of Paxlovid at the same time.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
What other drugs will affect Paxlovid?
Many drugs can affect Paxlovid, and some drugs should not be used at the same time. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines,
vitamins
, and
herbal products
. Not all possible interactions are listed here.
Do not take Paxlovid with any of these medicines:
sildenafil (Revatio) when used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH);
lumacaftor, ivacaftor;
bosentan;
alfuzosin, colchicine;
tolvaptan;
Naloxegol;
finerenone;
Flibanserin;
lomitapide;
Voclosporin;
rifampin, rifapentine;
St. John's Wort;
heart medicine -
ivabradine, amiodarone, eplerenone, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, quinidine, ranolazine;
prostate medicine -
silodosin;
antipsychotic medicine -
lurasidone, pimozide;
ergot medicines
- dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergonovine;
migraine headache medicine
- eletriptan, ubrogepant;
cholesterol-lowering medicine
- lovastatin, simvastatin;
a sedative
- triazolam, oral midazolam;
a cancer medicine
- apalutamide, enzalutamide; or
seizure medicine
- primidone, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin.
Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.Â
Does Paxlovid interact with my other drugs?
Enter medications to view a detailed interaction report using our
Drug Interaction Checker
.
Ingredients
Nirmatrelvir 150 mg tablets
Active ingredient:
nirmatrelvir
Inactive ingredients:
colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium stearyl fumarate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, iron oxide red, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide.
Ritonavir 100 mg tablets
Active ingredient:
ritonavir
Inactive ingredients:
anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, and sorbitan monolaurate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 3350, polysorbate 80, talc, and titanium dioxide.
Storage
Store at room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Company
Paxlovid Pfizer Labs, Division of Pfizer Inc. New York, NY 10001.
Popular FAQ
Paxlovid side effects: 8 key things to know
Most people tolerate Paxlovid well and don’t need to stop treatment. The top 3 most common but temporary side effects with Paxlovid are a bitter or metallic taste, diarrhea and an increase in blood pressure. Important but less common side effects or warnings can include severe allergies, liver problems and a build up of resistance to HIV infections.
Continue reading
How fast does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid starts fighting the COVID virus soon after you take the first dose, but you may not feel better right away. Most people who improve on Paxlovid notice some symptom relief within about 1 to 2 days, and feel much better within about 3 to 5 days.
Continue reading
Does Paxlovid make you less contagious?
Taking Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) to treat COVID-19 within 5 days of symptoms can make you less contagious sooner than if you do not take it, but it is still important to follow public health recommendations if you are sick. One study found that taking Paxlovid three days after symptoms started reduced how contagious people were by 12% in those who did not experience rebound.
Continue reading
Can you take Paxlovid twice if COVID rebounds?
No, a second round of Paxlovid treatment is not needed after the initial 5-day treatment if COVID rebound occurs. Case reports suggest that most people who develop COVID rebound after completing 5 days of treatment have either no symptoms or mild illness. To date, there is no association between Paxlovid and COVID rebound.
Continue reading
How effective is Paxlovid for COVID-19?
Paxlovid is effective at lowering the risk of hospitalization or death by 86% for adult patients who are at high risk of COVID-19 progressing to severe illness when Paxlovid is started within the first 3 days of COVID-19 symptoms.
Continue reading
When should you take Paxlovid?
If you have been prescribed Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir), you should take it as soon as possible. Paxlovid works best if it is taken within 5 days of the start of COVID-19 symptoms.
Continue reading
How do Paxlovid and molnupiravir compare for COVID-19?
Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and Lagevrio (molnupiravir) are two oral treatment options for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people who are at high risk for severe COVID-19 disease. However, they have some key differences.
Continue reading
Does Paxlovid prevent Long COVID?
Yes, treatment with Paxlovid’s active ingredient, nirmatrelvir, showed a reduced risk of long COVID, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Continue reading
View more FAQ
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment
Paxlovid Package Insert FDA
Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers Emergency Use Authorization For Paxlovid
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Medical Disclaimer |
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# Paxlovid
Play pronunciation
**Pronunciation:** *pax-LO-vid*
**Generic name:** [nirmatrelvir and ritonavir](https://www.drugs.com/mtm/nirmatrelvir-and-ritonavir.html)
**Dosage form:** tablets, co-packaged for oral use
**Drug class:** [Antiviral combinations](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/antiviral-combinations.html)
Medically reviewed by [Melisa Puckey, BPharm](https://www.drugs.com/support/editor/21/melisa-puckey-bpharm.html). Last updated on July 16, 2025.
- [Uses](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#uses)
- [Side effects](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#side-effects)
- [Warnings](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#warnings)
- [Before taking](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#before-taking)
- [Dosage](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#dosage)
- [Interactions](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#interactions)
- [FAQ](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#faq)
## What is Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is an [antiviral](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/antiviral-agents.html) treatment used for [COVID-19](https://www.drugs.com/condition/covid-19.html) to lower the risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Paxlovid works by helping stop the virus from multiplying, which improves COVID-19 symptoms and reduces hospitalizations and deaths in high-risk patients.
Paxlovid contains nirmatrelvir tablets and [ritonavir](https://www.drugs.com/mtm/ritonavir.html) tablets packaged together.
Paxlovid should be started as soon as possible after a COVID-19 diagnosis and within the first 5 days that you have had symptoms.
The usual Paxlovid dose is two nirmatrelvir tablets and one ritonavir tablet taken together twice daily for 5 days. The dose needs to be changed if you have kidney problems, and if you are taking certain medicines, Paxlovid is not suitable for some patients.
## Who can take Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is used for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in patients who are at high risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. It is available under:
- FDA approval for adults
- Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) patients 12 to 18 years old.
People who are at high risk of severe COVID-19 are patients with:
- heart disease, diabetes, lung disease, cancer, blood disorders, immune disorders, mental health conditions, disabilities, or other conditions
- being overweight or obese
- 50 years or older
- lifestyle factors, such as smoking
- physical, mental, and developmental disabilities.
Paxlovid is not approved for use as a pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent COVID-19 or for the prevention of long COVID.
## How does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid’s active ingredient nirmatrelvir, works by blocking an enzyme (SARS-CoV-2-3CL protease) that the coronavirus needs to replicate. Ritonavir works by increasing the concentration of nirmatrelvir in the body, making nirmatrelvir a more effective antiviral.
## Paxlovid side effects
### Common Paxlovid side effects
- changes in your sense of taste; or
- diarrhea
### Serious side effects
This medicine may cause serious side effects, including allergic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, and liver problems.
**Allergic reactions:** Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction ([hives](https://www.drugs.com/cg/urticaria.html), difficulty breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction ([fever](https://www.drugs.com/cg/fever-in-adults.html), [sore throat](https://www.drugs.com/cg/sore-throat-in-children.html), burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple [skin rash](https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/rash.html) with blistering and peeling).
**Liver problems**: Call your doctor at once if you have:
- Liver problems symptoms include loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, itching, dark urine, clay-colored stools, and [jaundice](https://www.drugs.com/cg/jaundice.html) (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
### Ritonavir side effects
Ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in this medicine affects your immune system, which may cause certain side effects (even weeks or months after you've taken nirmatrelvir and ritonavir). Tell your doctor if you have:
- signs of a new infection--fever, night sweats, swollen glands, [cold sores](https://www.drugs.com/cg/oral-herpes-infection.html), [cough](https://www.drugs.com/condition/cough.html), wheezing, [diarrhea](https://www.drugs.com/cg/acute-diarrhea.html), [weight loss](https://www.drugs.com/cg/weight-management.html);
- trouble speaking or swallowing, problems with balance or eye movement, weakness or prickly feeling; or
- swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual changes, [impotence](https://www.drugs.com/cg/erectile-dysfunction.html).
This is not a complete list of side effects, and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
[Paxlovid side effects](https://www.drugs.com/sfx/paxlovid-side-effects.html) (more detail)
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## Warnings
**Paxlovid Drug Interactions:** Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. It is important to know the medicines that should not be taken with this medicine. See the Interactions section below and check the interactions checker.
**Hypersensitivity Reactions:** Anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions (including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and other hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with this medicine. Do not take this medicine if you are allergic to nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, or any of the ingredients in this medicine. If signs and symptoms of a clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction or anaphylaxis occur, immediately stop taking the tablets and start appropriate medications and/or supportive care.
**Hepatotoxicity:** Hepatic transaminase elevations, clinical hepatitis, and jaundice have occurred in patients receiving ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in Paxlovid.
**HIV-1 Drug Resistance:** Using Paxovid may lead to a risk of HIV-1 developing resistance to HIV protease inhibitors if you have uncontrolled or undiagnosed HIV-1 infection.
## Paxlovid rebound and COVID rebound
COVID rebound is when COVID symptoms return between 2 and 8 days after finishing treatment; symptoms are mild, transient, and usually clear up in 1 to 3 days. COVID rebound can happen in those who are vaccinated, unvaccinated, treated, and not treated. When COVID-19 symptoms return in Paxlovid-treated patients, some people have called it Paxlovid rebound.
The CDC states that “There is currently no evidence that additional treatment is needed with Paxlovid or other anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapies in cases where COVID-19 rebound is suspected.”
## Before taking this medicine
You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to the active ingredients nirmatrelvir and ritonavir or any of the inactive ingredients. A list of ingredients is at the bottom of this page.
Tell your doctor if:
- you have liver problems or a liver disease such as hepatitis;
- you have kidney problems;
- you have an [HIV](https://www.drugs.com/cg/hiv-infection.html)\-1 [infection](https://www.drugs.com/condition/infection-bacterial-fungal-protozoal-viral.html);
- you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or
- you have any serious or chronic disease.
Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. See the Interactions section below.
### Pregnancy
Tell your healthcare provider right away if you are or if you become pregnant. It is not known if this medicine can harm your unborn baby. Ritonavir can make [birth control pills](https://www.drugs.com/article/birth-control-pill.html) or birth control skin patches less effective. Ask your doctor about other [birth control](https://www.drugs.com/cg/birth-control-pills.html) options such as an injection, implant, [vaginal ring](https://www.drugs.com/cdi/estradiol-vaginal-ring-estring.html), condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, or contraceptive sponge.
### Breastfeeding
Tell your healthcare provider you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Paxlovid can pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with this medicine.
[Paxlovid pregnancy and breastfeeding warnings](https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/nirmatrelvir-ritonavir.html) (more detail)
## How should I take Paxlovid?
Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
### Paxlovid Instructions
Take nirmatrelvir together with ritonavir (two tablets of nirmatrelvir and one tablet of ritonavir) twice a day for 5 consecutive days. If you have kidney disease, talk to your healthcare provider, as you may need to take a different dose.
Take tablets as soon as possible after diagnosis of COVID-19 and within 5 days of when symptoms first appear.
You may take tablets with or without food.
Swallow the tablets whole and do not crush, chew, or break them.
### General Information
You may need frequent blood tests to check your liver function.
If you are taking a ritonavir- or cobicistat-containing medicine to treat hepatitis C or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), you should continue to take your medicine as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Talk to your healthcare provider if you do not feel better or if you feel worse after 5 days.
If you have kidney disease, your prescriber may prescribe you a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
## Paxlovid dosage information
### Usual Paxlovid Dosing for Adult COVID-19 (FDA-approved)
**Nirmatrelvir:** 300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
### Usual Paxlovid Dosing for 12 to 18-Year-Old COVID-19 (EUA)
For investigational use only
**Use:** Patients 12 to 18 years old weighing at least 40 kg
**Nirmatrelvir:** 300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
### Usual Dosing for Renal Impairment
**Mild renal impairment** \[estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 to \<90 mL/min\]. No dosage adjustment is recommended
**Moderate renal impairment** (eGFR ≥30 to \<60 mL/min)
**Nirmatrelvir:** 150 mg twice daily for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg twice daily for 5 days
**Severe renal impairment** (eGFR \<30 mL/min), including those requiring hemodialysis
**Day 1**: 300 mg nirmatrelvir (two 150 mg tablets) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet) **once** **Day 2 - 5:** 150 mg nirmatrelvir (one 150 mg tablet) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet) **once daily**
**General dosing information:**
- If you have kidney disease, your healthcare provider may prescribe a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
- Nirmatrelvir must be coadministered with ritonavir. Prescriptions should specify the numeric dose of each active component within this product.
- This product should be started as soon as possible after COVID-19 has been diagnosed and within 5 days of symptom onset.
- If hospitalization is required due to severe/critical COVID-19 after starting treatment with this product, the patient should complete the full 5-day treatment course per the health care provider's discretion.
[Detailed Paxlovid dosage information](https://www.drugs.com/dosage/paxlovid.html)
## What happens if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of your tablets within 8 hours of the time it is usually taken, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss a dose by more than 8 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses of Paxlovid at the same time.
## What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
## What other drugs will affect Paxlovid?
Many drugs can affect Paxlovid, and some drugs should not be used at the same time. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, [vitamins](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/vitamins.html), and [herbal products](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/herbal-products.html). Not all possible interactions are listed here.
**Do not take Paxlovid with any of these medicines:**
- sildenafil (Revatio) when used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH);
- lumacaftor, ivacaftor;
- bosentan;
- alfuzosin, colchicine;
- tolvaptan;
- Naloxegol;
- finerenone;
- Flibanserin;
- lomitapide;
- Voclosporin;
- rifampin, rifapentine;
- St. John's Wort;
- **heart medicine -** ivabradine, amiodarone, eplerenone, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, quinidine, ranolazine;
- **prostate medicine -** silodosin;
- **antipsychotic medicine -** lurasidone, pimozide;
- **ergot medicines** - dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergonovine;
- **migraine headache medicine** - eletriptan, ubrogepant;
- **cholesterol-lowering medicine** - lovastatin, simvastatin;
- **a sedative** - triazolam, oral midazolam;
- **a cancer medicine** - apalutamide, enzalutamide; or
- **seizure medicine** - primidone, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin.
Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.
[Paxlovid drug interactions](https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/nirmatrelvir-ritonavir,paxlovid.html) (more detail)
### Does Paxlovid interact with my other drugs?
Enter medications to view a detailed interaction report using our [Drug Interaction Checker](https://www.drugs.com/drug_interactions.html).
## Ingredients
### Nirmatrelvir 150 mg tablets
**Active ingredient:** nirmatrelvir
**Inactive ingredients:** colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium stearyl fumarate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, iron oxide red, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide.
### Ritonavir 100 mg tablets
**Active ingredient:** ritonavir
**Inactive ingredients:** anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, and sorbitan monolaurate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 3350, polysorbate 80, talc, and titanium dioxide.
## Storage
Store at room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
## Company
Paxlovid Pfizer Labs, Division of Pfizer Inc. New York, NY 10001.
## Popular FAQ
Paxlovid side effects: 8 key things to know
Most people tolerate Paxlovid well and don’t need to stop treatment. The top 3 most common but temporary side effects with Paxlovid are a bitter or metallic taste, diarrhea and an increase in blood pressure. Important but less common side effects or warnings can include severe allergies, liver problems and a build up of resistance to HIV infections. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-side-effects-8-key-things-3573430/)
How fast does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid starts fighting the COVID virus soon after you take the first dose, but you may not feel better right away. Most people who improve on Paxlovid notice some symptom relief within about 1 to 2 days, and feel much better within about 3 to 5 days. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/fast-paxlovid-work-3570271/)
Does Paxlovid make you less contagious?
Taking Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) to treat COVID-19 within 5 days of symptoms can make you less contagious sooner than if you do not take it, but it is still important to follow public health recommendations if you are sick. One study found that taking Paxlovid three days after symptoms started reduced how contagious people were by 12% in those who did not experience rebound.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-make-you-contagious-3578401/)
Can you take Paxlovid twice if COVID rebounds?
No, a second round of Paxlovid treatment is not needed after the initial 5-day treatment if COVID rebound occurs. Case reports suggest that most people who develop COVID rebound after completing 5 days of treatment have either no symptoms or mild illness. To date, there is no association between Paxlovid and COVID rebound. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/you-paxlovid-covid-rebounds-3569972/)
How effective is Paxlovid for COVID-19?
Paxlovid is effective at lowering the risk of hospitalization or death by 86% for adult patients who are at high risk of COVID-19 progressing to severe illness when Paxlovid is started within the first 3 days of COVID-19 symptoms. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/effective-paxlovid-covid-19-3564414/)
When should you take Paxlovid?
If you have been prescribed Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir), you should take it as soon as possible. Paxlovid works best if it is taken within 5 days of the start of COVID-19 symptoms.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/when-you-take-paxlovid-3577824/)
How do Paxlovid and molnupiravir compare for COVID-19?
Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and Lagevrio (molnupiravir) are two oral treatment options for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people who are at high risk for severe COVID-19 disease. However, they have some key differences.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/how-paxlovid-molnupiravir-compare-covid-19-3577831/)
Does Paxlovid prevent Long COVID?
Yes, treatment with Paxlovid’s active ingredient, nirmatrelvir, showed a reduced risk of long COVID, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-prevent-long-covid-3575586/)
[View more FAQ](https://www.drugs.com/answers/support-group/paxlovid/questions/?status=faq)
## References
1. [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment](https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/117609)
2. [Paxlovid Package Insert FDA](https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2025/217188s010lbl.pdf)
3. [Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers Emergency Use Authorization For Paxlovid](https://www.fda.gov/media/155050/download)
## More about Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir / ritonavir)
- [Check interactions](https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/nirmatrelvir-ritonavir,paxlovid.html)
- [Compare alternatives](https://www.drugs.com/compare/paxlovid)
- [Pricing & coupons](https://www.drugs.com/price-guide/paxlovid)
- [Reviews (541)](https://www.drugs.com/comments/nirmatrelvir-ritonavir/paxlovid-for-covid-19.html)
- [Drug images](https://www.drugs.com/image/paxlovid-images.html)
- [Side effects](https://www.drugs.com/sfx/paxlovid-side-effects.html)
- [Dosage information](https://www.drugs.com/dosage/paxlovid.html)
- [During pregnancy](https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/nirmatrelvir-ritonavir.html)
- [Support group](https://www.drugs.com/answers/support-group/paxlovid/)
- [FDA approval history](https://www.drugs.com/history/paxlovid.html)
- [Drug class: antiviral combinations](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/antiviral-combinations.html)
- [En español](https://www.drugs.com/mtm_esp/paxlovid.html)
### Professional resources
- [Paxlovid prescribing information](https://www.drugs.com/pro/paxlovid.html)
- [Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir (AHFS Monograph)](https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nirmatrelvir-and-ritonavir.html)
### Related treatment guides
- [COVID-19](https://www.drugs.com/condition/covid-19.html)
## Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
[Medical Disclaimer](https://www.drugs.com/support/disclaimer.html)
**Drug Status**
**Availability** Prescription only Rx
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**CSA Schedule\*** Not a controlled drug N/A
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| Readable Markdown | 1. [Home](https://www.drugs.com/)
2. Paxlovid
**Pronunciation:** *pax-LO-vid*
**Generic name:** [nirmatrelvir and ritonavir](https://www.drugs.com/mtm/nirmatrelvir-and-ritonavir.html)
**Dosage form:** tablets, co-packaged for oral use
**Drug class:** [Antiviral combinations](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/antiviral-combinations.html)
- [Uses](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#uses)
- [Side effects](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#side-effects)
- [Warnings](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#warnings)
- [Before taking](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#before-taking)
- [Dosage](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#dosage)
- [Interactions](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#interactions)
- [FAQ](https://www.drugs.com/paxlovid.html#faq)
## What is Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is an [antiviral](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/antiviral-agents.html) treatment used for [COVID-19](https://www.drugs.com/condition/covid-19.html) to lower the risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Paxlovid works by helping stop the virus from multiplying, which improves COVID-19 symptoms and reduces hospitalizations and deaths in high-risk patients.
Paxlovid contains nirmatrelvir tablets and [ritonavir](https://www.drugs.com/mtm/ritonavir.html) tablets packaged together.
Paxlovid should be started as soon as possible after a COVID-19 diagnosis and within the first 5 days that you have had symptoms.
The usual Paxlovid dose is two nirmatrelvir tablets and one ritonavir tablet taken together twice daily for 5 days. The dose needs to be changed if you have kidney problems, and if you are taking certain medicines, Paxlovid is not suitable for some patients.
## Who can take Paxlovid?
Paxlovid is used for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in patients who are at high risk of severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. It is available under:
- FDA approval for adults
- Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) patients 12 to 18 years old.
People who are at high risk of severe COVID-19 are patients with:
- heart disease, diabetes, lung disease, cancer, blood disorders, immune disorders, mental health conditions, disabilities, or other conditions
- being overweight or obese
- 50 years or older
- lifestyle factors, such as smoking
- physical, mental, and developmental disabilities.
Paxlovid is not approved for use as a pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent COVID-19 or for the prevention of long COVID.
## How does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid’s active ingredient nirmatrelvir, works by blocking an enzyme (SARS-CoV-2-3CL protease) that the coronavirus needs to replicate. Ritonavir works by increasing the concentration of nirmatrelvir in the body, making nirmatrelvir a more effective antiviral.
## Paxlovid side effects
### Common Paxlovid side effects
- changes in your sense of taste; or
- diarrhea
### Serious side effects
This medicine may cause serious side effects, including allergic reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, and liver problems.
**Allergic reactions:** Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction ([hives](https://www.drugs.com/cg/urticaria.html), difficulty breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction ([fever](https://www.drugs.com/cg/fever-in-adults.html), [sore throat](https://www.drugs.com/cg/sore-throat-in-children.html), burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple [skin rash](https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/rash.html) with blistering and peeling).
**Liver problems**: Call your doctor at once if you have:
- Liver problems symptoms include loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, itching, dark urine, clay-colored stools, and [jaundice](https://www.drugs.com/cg/jaundice.html) (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
### Ritonavir side effects
Ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in this medicine affects your immune system, which may cause certain side effects (even weeks or months after you've taken nirmatrelvir and ritonavir). Tell your doctor if you have:
- signs of a new infection--fever, night sweats, swollen glands, [cold sores](https://www.drugs.com/cg/oral-herpes-infection.html), [cough](https://www.drugs.com/condition/cough.html), wheezing, [diarrhea](https://www.drugs.com/cg/acute-diarrhea.html), [weight loss](https://www.drugs.com/cg/weight-management.html);
- trouble speaking or swallowing, problems with balance or eye movement, weakness or prickly feeling; or
- swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual changes, [impotence](https://www.drugs.com/cg/erectile-dysfunction.html).
This is not a complete list of side effects, and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
## Warnings
**Paxlovid Drug Interactions:** Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. It is important to know the medicines that should not be taken with this medicine. See the Interactions section below and check the interactions checker.
**Hypersensitivity Reactions:** Anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions (including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and other hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with this medicine. Do not take this medicine if you are allergic to nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, or any of the ingredients in this medicine. If signs and symptoms of a clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction or anaphylaxis occur, immediately stop taking the tablets and start appropriate medications and/or supportive care.
**Hepatotoxicity:** Hepatic transaminase elevations, clinical hepatitis, and jaundice have occurred in patients receiving ritonavir, one of the active ingredients in Paxlovid.
**HIV-1 Drug Resistance:** Using Paxovid may lead to a risk of HIV-1 developing resistance to HIV protease inhibitors if you have uncontrolled or undiagnosed HIV-1 infection.
## Paxlovid rebound and COVID rebound
COVID rebound is when COVID symptoms return between 2 and 8 days after finishing treatment; symptoms are mild, transient, and usually clear up in 1 to 3 days. COVID rebound can happen in those who are vaccinated, unvaccinated, treated, and not treated. When COVID-19 symptoms return in Paxlovid-treated patients, some people have called it Paxlovid rebound.
The CDC states that “There is currently no evidence that additional treatment is needed with Paxlovid or other anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapies in cases where COVID-19 rebound is suspected.”
## Before taking this medicine
You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to the active ingredients nirmatrelvir and ritonavir or any of the inactive ingredients. A list of ingredients is at the bottom of this page.
Tell your doctor if:
- you have liver problems or a liver disease such as hepatitis;
- you have kidney problems;
- you have an [HIV](https://www.drugs.com/cg/hiv-infection.html)\-1 [infection](https://www.drugs.com/condition/infection-bacterial-fungal-protozoal-viral.html);
- you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or
- you have any serious or chronic disease.
Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines, causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. See the Interactions section below.
### Pregnancy
Tell your healthcare provider right away if you are or if you become pregnant. It is not known if this medicine can harm your unborn baby. Ritonavir can make [birth control pills](https://www.drugs.com/article/birth-control-pill.html) or birth control skin patches less effective. Ask your doctor about other [birth control](https://www.drugs.com/cg/birth-control-pills.html) options such as an injection, implant, [vaginal ring](https://www.drugs.com/cdi/estradiol-vaginal-ring-estring.html), condom, diaphragm, cervical cap, or contraceptive sponge.
### Breastfeeding
Tell your healthcare provider you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Paxlovid can pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with this medicine.
## How should I take Paxlovid?
Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
### Paxlovid Instructions
Take nirmatrelvir together with ritonavir (two tablets of nirmatrelvir and one tablet of ritonavir) twice a day for 5 consecutive days. If you have kidney disease, talk to your healthcare provider, as you may need to take a different dose.
Take tablets as soon as possible after diagnosis of COVID-19 and within 5 days of when symptoms first appear.
You may take tablets with or without food.
Swallow the tablets whole and do not crush, chew, or break them.
### General Information
You may need frequent blood tests to check your liver function.
If you are taking a ritonavir- or cobicistat-containing medicine to treat hepatitis C or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), you should continue to take your medicine as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Talk to your healthcare provider if you do not feel better or if you feel worse after 5 days.
If you have kidney disease, your prescriber may prescribe you a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
## Paxlovid dosage information
### Usual Paxlovid Dosing for Adult COVID-19 (FDA-approved)
**Nirmatrelvir:** 300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
### Usual Paxlovid Dosing for 12 to 18-Year-Old COVID-19 (EUA)
For investigational use only
**Use:** Patients 12 to 18 years old weighing at least 40 kg
**Nirmatrelvir:** 300 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg orally twice a day for 5 days
### Usual Dosing for Renal Impairment
**Mild renal impairment** \[estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 to \<90 mL/min\]. No dosage adjustment is recommended
**Moderate renal impairment** (eGFR ≥30 to \<60 mL/min)
**Nirmatrelvir:** 150 mg twice daily for 5 days
**Ritonavir:** 100 mg twice daily for 5 days
**Severe renal impairment** (eGFR \<30 mL/min), including those requiring hemodialysis
**Day 1**: 300 mg nirmatrelvir (two 150 mg tablets) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet) **once** **Day 2 - 5:** 150 mg nirmatrelvir (one 150 mg tablet) with 100 mg ritonavir (one 100 mg tablet) **once daily**
**General dosing information:**
- If you have kidney disease, your healthcare provider may prescribe a lower dose. Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.
- Nirmatrelvir must be coadministered with ritonavir. Prescriptions should specify the numeric dose of each active component within this product.
- This product should be started as soon as possible after COVID-19 has been diagnosed and within 5 days of symptom onset.
- If hospitalization is required due to severe/critical COVID-19 after starting treatment with this product, the patient should complete the full 5-day treatment course per the health care provider's discretion.
## What happens if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of your tablets within 8 hours of the time it is usually taken, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss a dose by more than 8 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses of Paxlovid at the same time.
## What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
## What other drugs will affect Paxlovid?
Many drugs can affect Paxlovid, and some drugs should not be used at the same time. Paxlovid can interact with other medicines causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, [vitamins](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/vitamins.html), and [herbal products](https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/herbal-products.html). Not all possible interactions are listed here.
**Do not take Paxlovid with any of these medicines:**
- sildenafil (Revatio) when used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH);
- lumacaftor, ivacaftor;
- bosentan;
- alfuzosin, colchicine;
- tolvaptan;
- Naloxegol;
- finerenone;
- Flibanserin;
- lomitapide;
- Voclosporin;
- rifampin, rifapentine;
- St. John's Wort;
- **heart medicine -** ivabradine, amiodarone, eplerenone, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, quinidine, ranolazine;
- **prostate medicine -** silodosin;
- **antipsychotic medicine -** lurasidone, pimozide;
- **ergot medicines** - dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergonovine;
- **migraine headache medicine** - eletriptan, ubrogepant;
- **cholesterol-lowering medicine** - lovastatin, simvastatin;
- **a sedative** - triazolam, oral midazolam;
- **a cancer medicine** - apalutamide, enzalutamide; or
- **seizure medicine** - primidone, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin.
Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.
### Does Paxlovid interact with my other drugs?
Enter medications to view a detailed interaction report using our [Drug Interaction Checker](https://www.drugs.com/drug_interactions.html).
## Ingredients
### Nirmatrelvir 150 mg tablets
**Active ingredient:** nirmatrelvir
**Inactive ingredients:** colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium stearyl fumarate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, iron oxide red, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide.
### Ritonavir 100 mg tablets
**Active ingredient:** ritonavir
**Inactive ingredients:** anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, and sorbitan monolaurate. The following are the ingredients in the film coating: colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 3350, polysorbate 80, talc, and titanium dioxide.
## Storage
Store at room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
## Company
Paxlovid Pfizer Labs, Division of Pfizer Inc. New York, NY 10001.
## Popular FAQ
Paxlovid side effects: 8 key things to know
Most people tolerate Paxlovid well and don’t need to stop treatment. The top 3 most common but temporary side effects with Paxlovid are a bitter or metallic taste, diarrhea and an increase in blood pressure. Important but less common side effects or warnings can include severe allergies, liver problems and a build up of resistance to HIV infections. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-side-effects-8-key-things-3573430/)
How fast does Paxlovid work?
Paxlovid starts fighting the COVID virus soon after you take the first dose, but you may not feel better right away. Most people who improve on Paxlovid notice some symptom relief within about 1 to 2 days, and feel much better within about 3 to 5 days. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/fast-paxlovid-work-3570271/)
Does Paxlovid make you less contagious?
Taking Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) to treat COVID-19 within 5 days of symptoms can make you less contagious sooner than if you do not take it, but it is still important to follow public health recommendations if you are sick. One study found that taking Paxlovid three days after symptoms started reduced how contagious people were by 12% in those who did not experience rebound.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-make-you-contagious-3578401/)
Can you take Paxlovid twice if COVID rebounds?
No, a second round of Paxlovid treatment is not needed after the initial 5-day treatment if COVID rebound occurs. Case reports suggest that most people who develop COVID rebound after completing 5 days of treatment have either no symptoms or mild illness. To date, there is no association between Paxlovid and COVID rebound. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/you-paxlovid-covid-rebounds-3569972/)
How effective is Paxlovid for COVID-19?
Paxlovid is effective at lowering the risk of hospitalization or death by 86% for adult patients who are at high risk of COVID-19 progressing to severe illness when Paxlovid is started within the first 3 days of COVID-19 symptoms. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/effective-paxlovid-covid-19-3564414/)
When should you take Paxlovid?
If you have been prescribed Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir), you should take it as soon as possible. Paxlovid works best if it is taken within 5 days of the start of COVID-19 symptoms.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/when-you-take-paxlovid-3577824/)
How do Paxlovid and molnupiravir compare for COVID-19?
Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and Lagevrio (molnupiravir) are two oral treatment options for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people who are at high risk for severe COVID-19 disease. However, they have some key differences.
[Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/how-paxlovid-molnupiravir-compare-covid-19-3577831/)
Does Paxlovid prevent Long COVID?
Yes, treatment with Paxlovid’s active ingredient, nirmatrelvir, showed a reduced risk of long COVID, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. [Continue reading](https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/paxlovid-prevent-long-covid-3575586/)
[View more FAQ](https://www.drugs.com/answers/support-group/paxlovid/questions/?status=faq)
## References
1. [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment](https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/117609)
2. [Paxlovid Package Insert FDA](https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2025/217188s010lbl.pdf)
3. [Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers Emergency Use Authorization For Paxlovid](https://www.fda.gov/media/155050/download)
## Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
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