🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 158 (from laksa045)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa158.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/36/50\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/36/50\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/36\/50","crawl_time":1775096933,"first_indexed_time":1693711036,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,demographic-research!www,\/articles\/volume\/36\/50 s443","src_root_hash":"5799395586079986558","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Divorce and separation in the Philippines: Trends and correlates (Volume 36 - Article 50 | Pages 1515–1548) - Demographic Research","meta_descriptions":["Volume 36 - Article 50 | Pages 1515–1548"],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Volume 36 - Article 50 | Pages 1515–1548\n \nBy\nJeofrey Abalos\nDate received:\n27 Oct 2015\nDate published:\n9 May 2017\nWord count:\n6211\nKeywords:\nDOI:\nThis article is part of the\nSpecial Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“\nAbstract\nBackground\n: The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally.\nObjective\n: I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution.\nMethods\n: Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis.\nResults\n: Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women.\nContribution\n: This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization.\nAuthor’s Affiliation\nJeofrey Abalos\n- National University of Singapore, Singapore\nEMAIL\nSimilar articles in\nDemographic Research\nNon-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis\nVolume 54 - Article 21\n   | Keywords:\nadolescence\n,\ndivorce\n,\nfamilies\n,\nfamily structure\n,\nparental separation\n,\nsatisfaction\n,\nsingle-parent families\n,\nunion dissolution\n“Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico\nVolume 54 - Article 2\n   | Keywords:\nextended families\n,\nfamily networks\n,\nhousehold\n,\nMexico\n,\nparenthood\n,\nsingle parenthood\n,\ntransition to adulthood\n,\nunion dissolution\n,\nunions\nDecriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea\nVolume 52 - Article 4\n   | Keywords:\nadultery law\n,\ndivorce\n,\nKorean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families\n,\nmarriage law\n,\nSouth Korea\nBetween money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China\nVolume 50 - Article 46\n   | Keywords:\nbrideprice\n,\nChina\n,\ndivorce\n,\nfamily\n,\nfamily law\n,\ngender inequalities\n,\nmarriage\nPartnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic\nVolume 49 - Article 24\n   | Keywords:\nCOVID-19\n,\nfamily\n,\npandemic\n,\npartnership\n,\nseparation","attrs_markdown":"[![Demographic Research](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/dr-logo-desktop.svg)](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/)\n\n[![Demographic Research Logo](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/dr-signet-desktop-effects.svg)](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/)\n\n[![Demographic Research Logo](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/dr-logo-mobile-effects.svg)](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/)\n\nMenu\n\n- [Articles](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/index)\n  - 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[Get Email Alerts](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/readers\/getemailalerts)\n  - [How to cite DR](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/readers\/howtocite)\n- [About the Journal](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/index)\n  - [Purpose](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/purpose)\n  - [From the Publisher and Editor](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/fromthepublisherandeditor)\n  - [Who’s Who](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/whoiswho)\n  - [Our Reviewers](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/reviewers)\n  - [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/contact)\n  - [Ownership and Funding](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/ownershipfunding)\n  - [Copyright & Legal](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/copyrightlegal)\n  - [Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/info\/privacypolicy)\n\nISSN 1435-9871\n\nVolume 36 - Article 50 \\| Pages 1515–1548\n\n# Divorce and separation in the Philippines: Trends and correlates\nBy [Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbyauthor\/7082)\n\n*Date received:*\n\n27 Oct 2015\n\n*Date published:*\n\n9 May 2017\n\n*Word count:*\n\n6211\n\n*Keywords:*\n\n[divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [Filipino women](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Filipino%20women), [Philippines](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Philippines), [separation](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/separation), [trends and patterns](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/trends%20and%20patterns), [union dissolution](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/union%20dissolution)\n\n*DOI:*\n\n[10\\.4054\/DemRes.2017.36.50](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4054\/DemRes.2017.36.50)\n\nThis article is part of the [Special Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/special\/21)\n\n[Download PDF](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/volumes\/vol36\/50\/36-50.pdf)   \n [Submit a Response Letter](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/authors\/letter\/article\/3023)\n\n## Abstract\n**Background**: The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally.\n\n**Objective**: I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution.\n\n**Methods**: Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis.\n\n**Results**: Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women.\n\n**Contribution**: This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization.\n\n## Author’s Affiliation\n- **[Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbyauthor\/7082)**  - National University of Singapore, Singapore [EMAIL](mailto:j.abalos@nus.edu.sg)\n## Similar articles in *Demographic Research*\n[Non-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/54\/21)   \n *Volume 54 - Article 21*  *\\| Keywords:*  [adolescence](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/adolescence), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/families), [family structure](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20structure), [parental separation](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/parental%20separation), [satisfaction](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/satisfaction), [single-parent families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/single-parent%20families), [union dissolution](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/union%20dissolution)\n\n[“Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/54\/2)   \n *Volume 54 - Article 2*  *\\| Keywords:*  [extended families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/extended%20families), [family networks](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20networks), [household](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/household), [Mexico](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Mexico), [parenthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/parenthood), [single parenthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/single%20parenthood), [transition to adulthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/transition%20to%20adulthood), [union dissolution](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/union%20dissolution), [unions](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/unions)\n\n[Decriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/52\/4)   \n *Volume 52 - Article 4*  *\\| Keywords:*  [adultery law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/adultery%20law), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Korean%20Longitudinal%20Survey%20of%20Women%E2%80%99s%20Families), [marriage law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/marriage%20law), [South Korea](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/South%20Korea)\n\n[Between money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/50\/46)   \n *Volume 50 - Article 46*  *\\| Keywords:*  [brideprice](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/brideprice), [China](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/China), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [family](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family), [family law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20law), [gender inequalities](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/gender%20inequalities), [marriage](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/marriage)\n\n[Partnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/49\/24)   \n *Volume 49 - Article 24*  *\\| Keywords:*  [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/COVID-19), [family](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family), [pandemic](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/pandemic), [partnership](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/partnership), [separation](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/separation)\n\nArticles\n\n- [Current Volume](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/Volume)\n- Older Volumes\n- [Editor’s Choice](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/EditorsChoice)\n- [Replicable Articles](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/ReplicableArticles)\n- [Articles by Author](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/ArticlesByAuthor)\n- [Articles by Subject](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/ArticlesBySubject)\n- [Articles by Type](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/ArticlesByType)\n- [All Response Letters](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Articles\/Letters)\n\nCitations\n\nCited References: 105\n\n- [View the references of this article](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/36\/50\/references)\n\nDownload to Citation Manager\n\n- [RIS format](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/savecitation?article=3023&format=ris)\n- [BibTeX format](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/savecitation?article=3023&format=bibtex)\n\nSimilar Articles\n\nPubMed\n\n- [Articles by Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?cmd=search&term=Jeofrey+Abalos&dispmax=50)\n\nGoogle Scholar\n\n- [Articles by Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?q=%22author%3AJeofrey+Abalos%22)\n\nJump to Article\n\nVolume\n\nPage\n\nVolume\n\nArticle ID\n\nAbout Demographic Research\n\n*Demographic Research* – a peer-reviewed, platinum open-access journal of population sciences. Agile yet rigorous, we aim to harness the full potential of the digital space to offer novel and exciting publishing opportunities.\n\n[![](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/minerva.svg)](https:\/\/www.mpg.de\/ \"Max Planck Society\")\n\n© 1999–2026 Max Planck Society    \n ![](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/navigation-service-separator.svg)[Contact](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Info\/Contact) ![](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/navigation-service-separator.svg)[Imprint](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Info\/CopyrightLegal) ![](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/navigation-service-separator.svg)[Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Info\/PrivacyPolicy) ![](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/images\/navigation-service-separator.svg)[Sitemap](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/Info\/Sitemap)\n\n![Matomo](https:\/\/matomo.gwdg.de\/piwik.php?idsite=345&rec=1)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Volume 36 - Article 50 \\| Pages 1515–1548\n\nBy [Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbyauthor\/7082)\n\n*Date received:*\n\n27 Oct 2015\n\n*Date published:*\n\n9 May 2017\n\n*Word count:*\n\n6211\n\n*Keywords:*\n\n*DOI:*\n\nThis article is part of the [Special Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/special\/21)\n\n## Abstract\n**Background**: The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally.\n\n**Objective**: I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution.\n\n**Methods**: Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis.\n\n**Results**: Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women.\n\n**Contribution**: This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization.\n\n## Author’s Affiliation\n- **[Jeofrey Abalos](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbyauthor\/7082)**  - National University of Singapore, Singapore [EMAIL](mailto:j.abalos@nus.edu.sg)\n## Similar articles in *Demographic Research*\n[Non-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/54\/21)   \n *Volume 54 - Article 21*  *\\| Keywords:*  [adolescence](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/adolescence), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/families), [family structure](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20structure), [parental separation](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/parental%20separation), [satisfaction](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/satisfaction), [single-parent families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/single-parent%20families), [union dissolution](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/union%20dissolution)\n\n[“Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/54\/2)   \n *Volume 54 - Article 2*  *\\| Keywords:*  [extended families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/extended%20families), [family networks](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20networks), [household](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/household), [Mexico](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Mexico), [parenthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/parenthood), [single parenthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/single%20parenthood), [transition to adulthood](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/transition%20to%20adulthood), [union dissolution](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/union%20dissolution), [unions](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/unions)\n\n[Decriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/52\/4)   \n *Volume 52 - Article 4*  *\\| Keywords:*  [adultery law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/adultery%20law), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/Korean%20Longitudinal%20Survey%20of%20Women%E2%80%99s%20Families), [marriage law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/marriage%20law), [South Korea](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/South%20Korea)\n\n[Between money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/50\/46)   \n *Volume 50 - Article 46*  *\\| Keywords:*  [brideprice](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/brideprice), [China](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/China), [divorce](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/divorce), [family](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family), [family law](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family%20law), [gender inequalities](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/gender%20inequalities), [marriage](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/marriage)\n\n[Partnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/volume\/49\/24)   \n *Volume 49 - Article 24*  *\\| Keywords:*  [COVID-19](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/COVID-19), [family](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/family), [pandemic](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/pandemic), [partnership](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/partnership), [separation](https:\/\/www.demographic-research.org\/articles\/articlesbysubject\/separation)","meta_canonical":null}

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Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.2 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
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Property	Value
URL	https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/36/50
Last Crawled	2026-04-02 02:28:53 (4 days ago)
First Indexed	2023-09-03 03:17:16 (2 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Divorce and separation in the Philippines: Trends and correlates (Volume 36 - Article 50 \| Pages 1515–1548) - Demographic Research
Meta Description	Volume 36 - Article 50 \| Pages 1515–1548
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Volume 36 - Article 50 \| Pages 1515–1548 By Jeofrey Abalos Date received: 27 Oct 2015 Date published: 9 May 2017 Word count: 6211 Keywords: DOI: This article is part of the Special Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“ Abstract Background : The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally. Objective : I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution. Methods : Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis. Results : Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women. Contribution : This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization. Author’s Affiliation Jeofrey Abalos - National University of Singapore, Singapore EMAIL Similar articles in Demographic Research Non-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis Volume 54 - Article 21 \| Keywords: adolescence , divorce , families , family structure , parental separation , satisfaction , single-parent families , union dissolution “Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico Volume 54 - Article 2 \| Keywords: extended families , family networks , household , Mexico , parenthood , single parenthood , transition to adulthood , union dissolution , unions Decriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea Volume 52 - Article 4 \| Keywords: adultery law , divorce , Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families , marriage law , South Korea Between money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China Volume 50 - Article 46 \| Keywords: brideprice , China , divorce , family , family law , gender inequalities , marriage Partnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic Volume 49 - Article 24 \| Keywords: COVID-19 , family , pandemic , partnership , separation
Markdown	[![Demographic Research](https://www.demographic-research.org/images/dr-logo-desktop.svg)](https://www.demographic-research.org/) [![Demographic Research Logo](https://www.demographic-research.org/images/dr-signet-desktop-effects.svg)](https://www.demographic-research.org/) [![Demographic Research Logo](https://www.demographic-research.org/images/dr-logo-mobile-effects.svg)](https://www.demographic-research.org/) Menu - [Articles](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/index) - [Current Volume](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume) - [Older Volumes](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volumes) - [Editor’s Choice](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/editorschoice) - [Replicable Articles](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/replicablearticles) - [Articles by Author](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbyauthor) - [Articles by Subject](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject) - [Articles by Type](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbytype) - [All Response Letters](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/letters) - [Special Collections](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/specials) - [About Special Collections](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/aboutspecialcollections) - [Special Collections](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/special) - [For Authors](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/index) - [General Information](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/generalinformation) - [Submission Guidelines](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/submissionguidelines) - [Editorial Policies](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/editorialpolicies) - [Peer Review and Publication](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/peerreviewandpublication) - [Copyright Information](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/copyrightinformation) - [Copyright Terms](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/copyrightterms) - [Copyright Agreement](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/copyrightagreement) - [Review Process](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/reviewprocess) - [Submit a Paper](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/Submission) - [Submit a Letter](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/letter) - [My Author Account](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/account) - [For Readers](https://www.demographic-research.org/readers/index) - [Get Email Alerts](https://www.demographic-research.org/readers/getemailalerts) - [How to cite DR](https://www.demographic-research.org/readers/howtocite) - [About the Journal](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/index) - [Purpose](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/purpose) - [From the Publisher and Editor](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/fromthepublisherandeditor) - [Who’s Who](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/whoiswho) - [Our Reviewers](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/reviewers) - [Contact Us](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/contact) - [Ownership and Funding](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/ownershipfunding) - [Copyright & Legal](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/copyrightlegal) - [Privacy Policy](https://www.demographic-research.org/info/privacypolicy) ISSN 1435-9871 Volume 36 - Article 50 \\| Pages 1515–1548 # Divorce and separation in the Philippines: Trends and correlates By [Jeofrey Abalos](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbyauthor/7082) Date received: 27 Oct 2015 Date published: 9 May 2017 Word count: 6211 Keywords: [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [Filipino women](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Filipino%20women), [Philippines](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Philippines), [separation](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/separation), [trends and patterns](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/trends%20and%20patterns), [union dissolution](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/union%20dissolution) DOI: [10\.4054/DemRes.2017.36.50](https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.50) This article is part of the [Special Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/special/21) [Download PDF](https://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol36/50/36-50.pdf) [Submit a Response Letter](https://www.demographic-research.org/authors/letter/article/3023) ## Abstract Background: The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally. Objective: I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution. Methods: Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis. Results: Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women. Contribution: This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization. ## Author’s Affiliation - [Jeofrey Abalos](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbyauthor/7082) - National University of Singapore, Singapore [EMAIL](mailto:j.abalos@nus.edu.sg) ## Similar articles in Demographic Research [Non-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/54/21) Volume 54 - Article 21 \\| Keywords: [adolescence](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/adolescence), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/families), [family structure](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20structure), [parental separation](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/parental%20separation), [satisfaction](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/satisfaction), [single-parent families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/single-parent%20families), [union dissolution](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/union%20dissolution) [“Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/54/2) Volume 54 - Article 2 \\| Keywords: [extended families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/extended%20families), [family networks](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20networks), [household](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/household), [Mexico](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Mexico), [parenthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/parenthood), [single parenthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/single%20parenthood), [transition to adulthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/transition%20to%20adulthood), [union dissolution](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/union%20dissolution), [unions](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/unions) [Decriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/52/4) Volume 52 - Article 4 \\| Keywords: [adultery law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/adultery%20law), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Korean%20Longitudinal%20Survey%20of%20Women%E2%80%99s%20Families), [marriage law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/marriage%20law), [South Korea](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/South%20Korea) [Between money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/50/46) Volume 50 - Article 46 \\| Keywords: [brideprice](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/brideprice), [China](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/China), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [family](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family), [family law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20law), [gender inequalities](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/gender%20inequalities), [marriage](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/marriage) [Partnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/49/24) Volume 49 - Article 24 \\| Keywords: [COVID-19](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/COVID-19), [family](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family), [pandemic](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/pandemic), [partnership](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/partnership), [separation](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/separation) Articles - [Current Volume](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/Volume) - Older Volumes - [Editor’s Choice](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/EditorsChoice) - [Replicable Articles](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/ReplicableArticles) - [Articles by Author](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/ArticlesByAuthor) - [Articles by Subject](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/ArticlesBySubject) - [Articles by Type](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/ArticlesByType) - [All Response Letters](https://www.demographic-research.org/Articles/Letters) Citations Cited References: 105 - 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Readable Markdown	Volume 36 - Article 50 \\| Pages 1515–1548 By [Jeofrey Abalos](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbyauthor/7082) Date received: 27 Oct 2015 Date published: 9 May 2017 Word count: 6211 Keywords: DOI: This article is part of the [Special Collection 21 „Separation, Divorce, Repartnering, and Remarriage around the World“](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/special/21) ## Abstract Background: The Philippines is the only country in the world, aside from the Vatican, where divorce is not legal. Despite the lack of divorce law in the country and the high costs of obtaining an annulment, recent data shows that a growing number of Filipinos dissolve their marital unions, either legally or informally. Objective: I document the rise of union dissolution cases in the Philippines, and investigate the different factors associated with Filipino women’s experience of union dissolution. Methods: Data is drawn from the two most recent rounds of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), conducted in 2008 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models are used in the analysis. Results: Results reveal that education, type of first union, and childhood place of residence are significantly associated with being divorced or separated among women in the Philippines. Filipino women with higher levels of education, those who were cohabiting without ever marrying in their first union, and those who were raised in urban settings have higher risks of experiencing union dissolution than their counterparts. Religion and ethnicity are also associated with union breakdown among Filipino women. Contribution: This paper demonstrates that the rise in union dissolution in the Philippines has not happened in isolation. It has to some extent been influenced by the changing character of union formation in the country, the prevailing legal system, a growing acceptance of divorce, increasing education for women, and increasing urbanization. ## Author’s Affiliation - [Jeofrey Abalos](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbyauthor/7082) - National University of Singapore, Singapore [EMAIL](mailto:j.abalos@nus.edu.sg) ## Similar articles in Demographic Research [Non-intact families and adolescents’ family satisfaction during the Second Demographic Transition: A test of the institutionalization hypothesis](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/54/21) Volume 54 - Article 21 \\| Keywords: [adolescence](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/adolescence), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/families), [family structure](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20structure), [parental separation](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/parental%20separation), [satisfaction](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/satisfaction), [single-parent families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/single-parent%20families), [union dissolution](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/union%20dissolution) [“Family-Anchored” transitions to adult life in Mexico](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/54/2) Volume 54 - Article 2 \\| Keywords: [extended families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/extended%20families), [family networks](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20networks), [household](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/household), [Mexico](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Mexico), [parenthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/parenthood), [single parenthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/single%20parenthood), [transition to adulthood](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/transition%20to%20adulthood), [union dissolution](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/union%20dissolution), [unions](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/unions) [Decriminalization of adultery likely changed women’s views on divorce following spousal infidelity in South Korea](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/52/4) Volume 52 - Article 4 \\| Keywords: [adultery law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/adultery%20law), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women’s Families](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/Korean%20Longitudinal%20Survey%20of%20Women%E2%80%99s%20Families), [marriage law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/marriage%20law), [South Korea](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/South%20Korea) [Between money and intimacy: Brideprice, marriage, and women’s position in contemporary China](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/50/46) Volume 50 - Article 46 \\| Keywords: [brideprice](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/brideprice), [China](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/China), [divorce](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/divorce), [family](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family), [family law](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family%20law), [gender inequalities](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/gender%20inequalities), [marriage](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/marriage) [Partnership satisfaction in Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/volume/49/24) Volume 49 - Article 24 \\| Keywords: [COVID-19](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/COVID-19), [family](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/family), [pandemic](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/pandemic), [partnership](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/partnership), [separation](https://www.demographic-research.org/articles/articlesbysubject/separation)
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