🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 2 (from laksa089)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa002.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/","crawl_time":1775779517,"first_indexed_time":1601788331,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,consumerlab!www,\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/ s443","src_root_hash":"14300621149361004202","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Water Filter Pitchers Review & Top Pick - ConsumerLab.com","meta_descriptions":["Which water filter pitcher is best? ConsumerLab's tests show that almost all remove chlorine and lead, but some ADD plastic to water instead of remove it and remove helpful fluoride. See our results and comparisons and learn which water filter pitchers are best depending on your filter needs."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"ConsumerLab.com uses JavaScript to provide the best possible experience for our content, but your browser has it disabled. Learn how to enable it\nhere\n.\nLatest Update\nQuick Summary\nWhich water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test?\nPopular counter-top water filter pitchers from\nAmazon\n,\nAquagear\n,\nAquasana\n,\nBerkey\n,\nBrita\n,\nKirkland\n(Costco),\nLifestraw\n,\nPUR\n, and\nZeroWater\nwere purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared.\nWhich are ConsumerLab's\nTop Picks\namong water filter pitchers?\nIf your water is\nchlorinated\n, we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals.\nIf you use\nwell water\nhigh in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely.\nIf your tap water has an\nearthy flavor\n, from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride.\nTo remove\nmicroplastics\n, we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did).\nTo remove\nPFAS\n(\"forever chemicals\"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal.\n(Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more\narsenic\nfrom water, none is a\nTop Pick\n—\nfind out why\n.)\nHow well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See\nWhat CL Found\nand\nHow Products Were Evaluated\n):\nChlorine\n-- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher.\nFluoride\n-- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride.\nIf your water contains\nLead and other toxic heavy metals\n-- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing\nlead\n,\ncadmium\n, and\nmercury\n. For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%.\nTotal Dissolved Solids (TDS)\n— which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels. \nMicroplastics\n— Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually \nadded\nsubstantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions,\nit may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use\n.\nPerfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS)\n— We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water.\nHow do water filter pitchers compare on cost?\nThe cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See\nCost\n).\nAvoid Counterfeits\nCounterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about\nhow to avoid buying counterfeit filters online.\nProducts tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024\n+\n—\n25 sources\nIn addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article:\nDanziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024\nKosuth, PLoS One 2018\nMedgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024\nAndrew, WC&P 2022\nCDC, 10-10-2019\nFrias, Marine Polut Bull 2019\nPerformance Data Sheet\nWaterFilterGuru\nwebsite\nCase 4:23-cv-00826-P\nCuffney, Environ Res 2023\nEPA 2024\nEPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011\nTeymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024\ncomparison sheet\nenteric bacteria\nparasites and bacteria\nBoraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015\nCDC 2021\nDaschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996\nGearLab\nHazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024\nIllinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008\nPR Newswire, 2-20-2018\nPure Water Blog, 2022\nWater filter pitchers compared in this review:\nView Larger Image\nAmazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System\nView Larger Image\nAquagear Water Filter Pitcher\nView Larger Image\nAquasana The Clean Water Machine\nView Larger Image\nBrita Soho With Longlast Filter\nView Larger Image\nBrita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter\nView Larger Image\nKirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher\nView Larger Image\nLifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher\nView Larger Image\nPUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal\nView Larger Image\nTravel Berkey Water Filter\nView Larger Image\nZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher\nYou must\nbe a ConsumerLab.com member\nto get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's \nTop Picks\nand ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests.\nYou'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review:\nAs a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use.\nYou can access a special print version by clicking the \"Print\" icon in the upper right corner of this report.\n            You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages.\nYou may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above.\n            Non-members using the link will see a free summary and can join to view the full report.\n            Other means of copying or distributing this report, in part or full, are not permitted.\nIf you are sight-impaired and your computer is having trouble converting the text in this report to speech,\n            contact us for assistance at\n[email protected]\nor by\n            phone at\n914-722-9149\n.","attrs_markdown":"ConsumerLab.com uses JavaScript to provide the best possible experience for our content, but your browser has it disabled. 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[Home](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/)\n2. \/ [Product Reviews](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/)\n3. \/ Water Filter Pitchers Review & Top Pick\n\nwww.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/\n\n[![Favorited](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/favorited.png) ![Not Favorited](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/not-favorited.png)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#favorite)\n\n[![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/brands\/bluesky.svg)](https:\/\/bsky.app\/profile\/consumerlab.bsky.social)   [![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/regular\/envelope.svg)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection#526d212730383731266f053326372072143b3e26372072023b26313a372021720037243b372572333c3672063d2272023b313974333f2269303d362b6f3a26262221687d7d2525257c313d3c21273f37203e33307c313d3f7d2037243b3725217d25332637207f343b3e263720217f2037243b37257d25332637207f343b3e263720217d6d27263f0d213d27203137776116313e77606427263f0d3f37363b273f776116373f333b3e77606427263f0d31333f22333b353c776116213a332037)   [![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/link.svg)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/ \"Click to copy URL to clipboard\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/print.svg)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\n###\n![Close](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/close.svg)\n\n### Save to favorites\nThis feature is restricted to active members.\n\nJoin now to save favorites and get all member benefits, including over 1,400 product reviews.\n\n[Join Now](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/join\/?cltrkid=FavoritesAccess&next=\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\nAlready a member? [Sign in here](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/account\/login\/?next=\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/).\n\n![ConsumerLab.com](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/logo.svg)\n\n# Water Filter Pitchers Review\n#### See the Best Pitchers For Different Filtering Needs\n\nLatest Update\n\n[Water Filters Tested](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#related-product-updates)\n\n[![Tod Cooperman, M.D.](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/avatars\/tod-cooperman-icon.png) Medically reviewed and edited by Tod Cooperman, M.D.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/about\/medical-scientific-expert-team\/#tod-cooperman)\n\n[Latest Update December 18, 2025 ⓘ](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n***\n![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/review\/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=large)\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/play.svg)\n\n## Quick Summary\n## Which water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test?\nPopular counter-top water filter pitchers from *Amazon*, *Aquagear*, *Aquasana*, *Berkey*, *Brita*, *Kirkland* (Costco), *Lifestraw*, *PUR*, and *ZeroWater* were purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared.\n\n## Which are ConsumerLab's [***Top Picks* among water filter pitchers?**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/review\/seal-WaterFilter.svg) If your water is [**chlorinated**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals.\n- If you use [**well water**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) high in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely.\n- If your tap water has an [**earthy flavor**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride.\n- To remove [**microplastics**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did).\n- To remove [**PFAS**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) (\"forever chemicals\"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal.\n\n(Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more [**arsenic**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) from water, none is a *Top Pick* — [find out why](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/).)\n\n## How well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See [**What CL Found**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) and [How Products Were Evaluated](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/methods\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)):\n- [**Chlorine**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher.\n- [**Fluoride**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride.\n- If your water contains [**Lead and other toxic heavy metals**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing **lead**, **cadmium**, and **mercury**. For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%.\n- [**Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels.\n- [**Microplastics**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually *added* substantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions, *it may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use*.\n- [**Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS)**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water.\n## How do water filter pitchers compare on cost?\nThe cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See [**Cost**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)).\n\n## Avoid Counterfeits\nCounterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about [**how to avoid buying counterfeit filters online.**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/avoid-counterfeit-water-filters\/counterfeit-filters\/)\n\nProducts tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024\n\n\\+— 25 sources\n\nIn addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article:\n\n- [Danziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024](https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2818899)\n- [Kosuth, PLoS One 2018](https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0194970)\n- [Medgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024](https:\/\/ehp.niehs.nih.gov\/doi\/10.1289\/EHP14410)\n- [Andrew, WC\\&P 2022](https:\/\/wcponline.com\/2022\/01\/14\/update-on-microplastics-reduction-claims\/)\n- [CDC, 10-10-2019](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/fluoridation\/faqs\/public-service-recommendations.html)\n- [Frias, Marine Polut Bull 2019](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X18307999?via%3Dihub)\n- [Performance Data Sheet](https:\/\/www.pur.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pds_ppf900z_crf950z_24july23.pdf)\n- [WaterFilterGuru](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1QL3McV20YM)\n- [website](https:\/\/www.usaberkeyfilters.com\/blog\/2020\/11\/is-activated-alumina-activated-alumina-in-berkey-pf2-filters-the-same-as-aluminum\/)\n- [Case 4:23-cv-00826-P](https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2023-08\/4-23CV00826_DocketEntry_08-09-2023_1.pdf)\n- [Cuffney, Environ Res 2023](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0013935123018248)\n- [EPA 2024](https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2024-04\/water-filter-fact-sheet.pdf)\n- [EPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011](https:\/\/yosemite.epa.gov\/oa\/rhc\/epaadmin.nsf\/Filings\/A56B5681D18012EF85258925007F0A58\/$File\/FIFRA-08-2023-0011%20BerkeyFilters%2012-2022.pdf)\n- [Teymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024](https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fenvc.2024.1376079\/)\n- [comparison sheet](https:\/\/www.pur.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/PDS-Pitcher_PPF900Z.pdf)\n- [enteric bacteria](https:\/\/y4s3k8d9.rocketcdn.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Black-Berkey-Heavy-Metal-Chemical-VOC-Pharmaceutical-Petrol-Removal-Test-Report.pdf?_ga=2.55445995.1980703667.1680706409-33319610.1680706409&_gac=1.195550814.1680706409.Cj0KCQjwuLShBhC_ARIsAFod4fJPAiedKoqtCteSD1dRkQl5ZCFIjbMJoAhaTqtb2FHEOCPHTomap7waAvsiEALw_wcB)\n- [parasites and bacteria](https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2631\/0778\/files\/Performance_Data_Sheet_Dispenser.pdf?v=1657301021)\n- [Boraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0304389414009145)\n- [CDC 2021](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthywater\/drinking\/preventing-waterborne-germs-at-home.html)\n- [Daschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8740859\/)\n- [GearLab](https:\/\/www.techgearlab.com\/topics\/kitchen\/best-water-filter#compare)\n- [Hazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39505386\/)\n- [Illinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008](http:\/\/www.idph.state.il.us\/envhealth\/factsheets\/radium.htm)\n- [PR Newswire, 2-20-2018](https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/zerowater-filter-outperforms-brita-for-radium-reduction-in-drinking-water-300601009.html)\n- [Pure Water Blog, 2022](https:\/\/purewaterblog.com\/do-brita-filters-remove-radium-from-drinking-water-a-homeowners-guide)\n\n## Make sure you're choosing the best water filter pitchers approved in our tests\\!\n[See the Full Review as a Member](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\nAlready a member? [Sign in here](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/account\/login\/?next=\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/).\n\nJoin now at www.consumerlab.com\/join\/\n\n### Water filter pitchers compared in this review:\n![AmazonBasics\\_Water\\_Filter\\_Pitchers\\_2024-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/AmazonBasics_Water_Filter_Pitchers_2024-small.png)\n\n### Amazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System\n\n![Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Aquagear Water Filter Pitcher\n\n![WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png)\n\n### Aquasana The Clean Water Machine\n\n![Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### Brita Soho With Longlast Filter\n\n![WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Brita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter\n\n![Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Kirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher\n\n![WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### LifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher\n\n![Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### PUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal\n\n![Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Travel Berkey Water Filter\n\n![ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### ZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher\n\nYou must [be a ConsumerLab.com member](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/join\/?cltrkid=Review&review=110) to get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's *Top Picks* and ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests.\n\n### You'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review:\n\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)Which water filter pitchers *passed* or *failed* testing\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)Which water filter pitcher is most effective in removing contaminants from water and is CL's *Top Pick* for effectiveness and value\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)How water pitchers compare on their ability to filter out microplastics, toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic, as well as chlorine, fluoride, total dissolved solids (TDS), PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), and microplastics\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)Why some water filter pitchers may *worsen* the quality of your drinking water\n\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)How often you should replace water pitcher filters, *why* they should be replaced, and how this affects cost\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)What you need to do with your water filter pitcher *before you use it* and why this can make such a big difference\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/check.svg)What to look for when choosing a water filter pitcher\n\n## Join to **unlock the full report** and get full access to over 1,400 product reviews\n[See the Full Review as a Member](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\nAlready a member? [Sign in here](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/account\/login\/?next=\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/).\n\nJoin now at www.consumerlab.com\/join\/\n\n## Latest Clinical Research Updates for Water Filter Pitchers\n### Water Filter Odor\n##### June 03, 2025\n\nThere are occasional complaints that water from water filter pitchers can smell fishy. Find out what can cause this and if it's a health risk in the [**ConsumerTips**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#odor) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [***Top Picks* among water filter pitchers**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks).\n\n### Microplastics Linked with High BP, Stroke\n##### April 24, 2025\n\nExposure to higher amounts of microplastic was associated with increased risk of several chronic diseases, according to a recent study. Get the details in article about [**Microplastics in water, salt, foods, and beverages**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt\/microplastics-water-salt\/#chronic-diseases). Also see our Water Filter Pitchers Review for our [***Top Pick* for removing microplastics**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-microplastics).\n\n### A Way to Remove Forever Chemicals?\n##### March 27, 2025\n\nDoes consuming oat β-glucan reduce levels of toxic PFAS (\"forever chemicals\") in the body? See what a recent analysis found in the **[Benefits of Oats](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/oat-based-cereals\/oats\/#pfas-levels)** section of our Oats Review, which includes our **[*Top Picks* for rolled (\"old-fashioned\")](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/oat-based-cereals\/oats\/#toppicks)** and **[steel-cut oats](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/oat-based-cereals\/oats\/#toppicks-steel-cut)**.\n\nAlso see our **[*Top Pick* water filter pitcher for removing PFAS](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas2)** from water, and our article about **[avoiding PFAS in food, water, and other products](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/toxic-pfas-chemicals-in-dental-floss\/pfas-dental-floss\/)**.\n\n### Microplastics in Rice\n##### December 09, 2024\n\nMicroplastics have been found in packaged rice, but some types of rice seem to contain higher concentrations of microplastics than others. There is also a way to reduce microplastics in rice before cooking. **[Get the details](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt\/microplastics-water-salt\/#rice)** in our article about microplastics in foods and beverages.\n\nAlso see our **[*Top Pick* water filter pitcher for removing microplastics](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-microplastics)** from *water*.\n\n### ZeroWater's Loss of Filtration\n##### November 25, 2024\n\nIf you use a ZeroWater pitcher to filter fluoride from your water, be aware that it can lose this ability fairly quickly. For details, see the **[ConsumerTips](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#important-to-replace-filters)** section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our **[*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)**.\n\n### Arsenic in Water Linked to Heart Disease\n##### November 01, 2024\n\nLong-term exposure to arsenic in drinking water was linked to increased risk of ischemic heart disease in women, according to a recent study. Get the details in our [**Water Filter Pitchers Review.**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#arsenic-heart-disease) Also see how popular water filter pitchers compare on their [**ability to remove arsenic**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-heavymetals)  from water -- some remove at least 90%, while other remove less than 15%.\n\nAlso see our [***Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Has PUR Water Filter Changed?\n##### June 28, 2024\n\nA ConsumerLab member asked if the current *PUR 7-Cup Water Filter Pitcher* is different from what we tested 2020, so we put the question to PUR. See their answer in our **[Water Filter Pitcher Review,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#pur-fluoride)** which includes our **[*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)**\n\n### \"Double\" Filtering Water?\n##### June 25, 2024\n\nWe were asked if it is “overkill” to use a Brita filter on water already filtered by a reverse osmosis system. See our answer in the [**ConsumerTips**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#double-filter) section of our Water Filter Pitcher Review, which includes our [***Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Water Pitcher Filters Compared\n##### June 21, 2024\n\nRecent tests of *Aquagear, Brita, Clearly Filtered,* and *Zerowater* filter pitchers revealed big differences in how well they remove PFAS (\"forever chemicals\") from tap water. Get the details in the ***[Top Picks](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#ewg-testing-for-pfas)*** section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.\n\n### Have Kidney Disease? Watch What’s In Your Water\n##### May 31, 2024\n\nPeople with chronic kidney disease are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of heavy metals. Even low levels of lead in drinking water may be harmful, according to a recent study. See our **[Water Filter Pitchers Review](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#background-heavy-metals)** for details. Also see our **[*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)**\n\n### PFAS Toxins in Drinking Water\n##### April 16, 2024\n\nSeparately, the EPA recently finalized limits on PFAS in drinking water, but this gives water districts until 2029 to take corrective action. Learn more and see our [*Top Pick* water filter pitcher for removing PFAS.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas2)\n\n### Top Pick Water Filters\n##### April 12, 2024\n\nWe’ve chosen an [*overall Top Pick*](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-overall) among water filter pitchers based on test performance, cost, and certification. We have also changed our *Top Picks* for certain uses due to changes in products and availability. See our current [*Top Picks*](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks) in our [Water Filter Pitcher Review.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\n### Microplastics Cardiovascular Concern\n##### March 29, 2024\n\nMicroplastic particles were recently found in arterial plaque in many people, and this was associated with much higher risk of stroke, heart attack, and death. Get the details in the [Microplastics](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#nanoplastic-particles-heart-risks) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review. Also see our [*Top Pick* water filter pitcher for removing microplastics.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-microplastics)\n\n### Berkey Filter Replacement?\n##### March 01, 2024\n\nWith Berkey water filters no longer being sold, how do replacement filters compare (such as those from Boroux, Kainasch, and ProPure)? Find out in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#berkey-filter-replacement-options)\n\n### Exposure to Forever Chemicals\n##### February 13, 2024\n\nLearn about a tool to help you estimate your exposure to PFAS (\"forever chemicals\") and ways to reduce exposure. For details, see the [PFAS section](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#pfas-estimate) of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [*Top Picks* for removing PFAS.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas2)\n\n### Berkey Filters & Aluminum\n##### November 14, 2023\n\nConcerns have been raised that Berkey Fluoride filters may *add* aluminum to water. Find out if this is true, and if you should be concerned, in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-berkey-aluminum) Also see our [*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Berkey Filters\n##### October 10, 2023\n\nFind out why water filters for Berkey filtration devices are not currently available. Get the details in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#berkey-filters-regulatory-issue) which includes our [*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher & PFAS\n##### September 19, 2023\n\nDoes *Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher* do a good job removing PFAS (\"forever chemicals\") from tap water? Find out in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#clearly-filtered-pfas) which includes our [*Top Picks* for removing PFAS](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas2) as well as [chlorine,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks) [arsenic,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-arsenic) [microbes,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-microbes) and more.\n\n### Filtering PFAS from Tap Water\n##### September 08, 2023\n\nUsing a water filter pitcher or other home water filter was linked to significantly lower blood levels of PFAS in a recent study. [Get the details](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#filters-pfas-blood-levels) in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, and find out how [water filter pitchers compare](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas) on removing PFAS, our [*Top Picks* for removing PFAS,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas2) and our [*Top Picks* for removing other substances in water.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Brita Responds to Lawsuit\n##### September 06, 2023\n\nBrita responded to the recent lawsuit alleging that its products do not remove all hazardous contaminants. [Get the details](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#brita-lawsuit) in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, and see our [*Top Picks*](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks) among water filter pitchers.\n\n### Brita Lawsuit\n##### August 22, 2023\n\nA recently filed lawsuit alleges that Brita products do not live up to claims of removing hazardous contaminants from drinking water. Learn more and ConsumerLab’s take on the suit in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#brita-lawsuit) which includes our *Top Picks* among products.\n\n### Filtering Out Forever Chemicals\n##### July 18, 2023\n\nPFAS, or “forever chemicals” are now in many water supplies and can have adverse health effects. Recent tests show how effective water filter pitchers are in filtering them out. See the results and our suggested [*Top Pick*](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas) among them in our Water Filter Pitchers Review.\n\n### Filtering Out PFAS\n##### May 09, 2023\n\nWe’ve added information about an add-on to Brita filters that claims to remove potentially dangerous PFAS from drinking water. See the [PFAS section](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#purefast) of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.  \n   \n Also see our [*Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Do Water Filter Pitchers Really Remove PFAS?\n##### May 05, 2023\n\nIn many parts of the U.S., drinking water exceeds proposed limits for potentially toxic PFAS compounds. How well do water filter pitchers remove PFAS? Find out in the [PFAS](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-pfas) section of our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)  \n   \n Also see our [*Top Picks* for water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Clearly Filtered vs. Other Water Filters\n##### May 02, 2023\n\nAfter publishing our recent review of water filter pitchers, several readers asked us about the *Clearly Filtered* pitcher, which was not tested. We’ve added information about this product – including a questionable claim – to the [ConsumerTips](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#other-filter-pitchers) section of the review. Also see our [*Top Picks* among tested water filter pitchers.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n### Five More Water Filter Pitchers Tested\n##### April 21, 2023\n\nWe tested five more water filter pitchers (*Aquagear*, *Berkey*, *Brita*, *Kirkland*, and *LifeStraw*) and found surprising results.   \n   \n While all did an excellent job of removing the heavy metals lead, cadmium, and mercury, pitchers varied dramatically in their ability to remove [chlorine](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-chlorine), (which affects taste), [fluoride](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-fluoride), [arsenic](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-heavymetals), [total dissolved solids (TDS)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-tds), and [microplastic particles](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#whatclfound-microplastics). Be aware that some pitchers actually increase the amount of microplastics in water after filtering!   \n   \n See our *Top Picks* for:\n\n- Removing [Chlorine Taste](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n- [Reducing Fluoride](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-fluoride)\n- [Removing Arsenic](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-arsenic)\n- [Reducing Earthy Taste](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks-earthy-taste) (due to high TDS)\n\nThe Review also shows which [additional contaminants](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#results) products claim to reduce (such as PFAS, solvents, and microbes), explains why you [shouldn't drink the first few pitchers of water](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#using) when using a new filter, and what to do if your water pitcher is [unusually slow](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#slow).   \n   \n See the [**Water Filter Pitchers Review**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) and our [video](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ESgR7PzzNoM) about it.\n\n### Removing Radium From Water?\n##### October 11, 2022\n\nA CL Member asked if water pitcher filters can remove radium from drinking water. Find out in the [What to Consider When Using](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#radium) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.\n\n### Microplastics & Blood Clots\n##### September 28, 2022\n\nA recent study raised concern about microplastics causing blood clots. Get the details in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#microplastics-concerns)\n\n[Load More…](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\n## Latest Product Updates\n### Water Filters Tested\n##### December 18, 2025\n\nHow did **[Pur Plus,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#gl-pp) [Amazon Basics,](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#gl-ab)** and [**Travel Berkey**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#gl-tb) water filters perform in recent tests? Find out, plus learn how other [**water filter pitchers,**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#other-filters) and [**faucet, countertop, and reverse osmosis filters,**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#faucet-filters) fared, in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [***Top Picks.***](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/#toppicks)\n\n## Related CL Answers (6)\n[Is Bottled Water Better Than Tap Water? Some people consider bottled water to be a favorable alternative to tap water, but is it really better? Find out how bottled water and tap water compare in terms of taste, mineral content, acidity, and contaminants such as microplastics and PFAS. ![Woman holding glass of water next to bottle of water](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/answers\/4861_image.jpeg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/is-bottled-water-better-than-tap-water\/bottled-water-vs-tap-water\/)\n\n[What is hydrogen water? Is it beneficial for alertness, athletic performance, arthritis or other conditions, and is it safe? Find out if hydrogen water has benefits with regard to alertness, side effects of radiotherapy in cancer patients, metabolic syndrome, athletic performance, rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease, and other conditions, and learn if it is safe to use. ![Portable hydrogen water generator](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/answers\/4747_image.jpg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/hydrogen-water-safety-and-efficacy\/hydrogen-water-review\/)\n\n[How important it is to reduce total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking water from my tap? Removing dissolved solids (TDS) may be desirable if your tap water is known to contain large amounts of dissolved solids that negatively affect taste, but you may also be removing essential minerals. Learn more about our tests of water filter pitchers. ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/review\/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/water-filters-removing-total-dissolved-solids\/water-filters-tds\/)\n\n[Which air purifiers are best for reducing microbial and smoke particles from room air? Find out if portable air cleaners can remove the virus that causes COVID-19 infection from the air and learn which type air cleaners work best. ![HEPA air purifier on bedroom floor](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/answers\/4690_image.jpg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/portable-air-cleaner\/air-purifier\/)\n\n[Do water filters remove microplastics from tap water? Find out if water filter pitchers and faucet mounted filters from Brita, Pur, Lifestraw and other brands remove microplastics from tap water. ![Water Filters for Microplastics -- water filter pitcher pouring water into glass](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/answers\/4653_image.jpg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/water-filters-for-microplastics\/water-filters\/)\n\n[Is it true that there are bits of plastic in drinking water, specialty salts, or other foods and beverages? How concerned should I be? Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic that can end up foods and beverages. Learn about microplastics found in drinking water and specialty salts. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains. ![Microplastics in water, plastic bottle of water pouring water into glass](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/answers\/4599_image.jpg?size=small)](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt\/microplastics-water-salt\/)\n\n[Load More…](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n\n![ConsumerLab.com](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/logo.svg)\n\n##\n![Close](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/close.svg)\n\nAs a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use.\n\nYou can access a special print version by clicking the \"Print\" icon in the upper right corner of this report. You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages.\n\nYou may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above. 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All rights reserved. ConsumerLab.com name and flask logo are both registered trademarks of ConsumerLab.com, LLC. This site is intended for informational purposes only and not to provide medical advice.","attrs_readable_markdown":"ConsumerLab.com uses JavaScript to provide the best possible experience for our content, but your browser has it disabled. Learn how to enable it [here](https:\/\/www.enable-javascript.com\/).\n\nLatest Update\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/review\/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=large)\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/icons\/fontawesome\/solid\/play.svg)\n\n## Quick Summary\n## Which water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test?\nPopular counter-top water filter pitchers from *Amazon*, *Aquagear*, *Aquasana*, *Berkey*, *Brita*, *Kirkland* (Costco), *Lifestraw*, *PUR*, and *ZeroWater* were purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared.\n\n## Which are ConsumerLab's [***Top Picks* among water filter pitchers?**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)\n- ![](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/review\/seal-WaterFilter.svg) If your water is [**chlorinated**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals.\n- If you use [**well water**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) high in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely.\n- If your tap water has an [**earthy flavor**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride.\n- To remove [**microplastics**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did).\n- To remove [**PFAS**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) (\"forever chemicals\"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal.\n\n(Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more [**arsenic**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) from water, none is a *Top Pick* — [find out why](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/).)\n\n## How well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See [**What CL Found**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) and [How Products Were Evaluated](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/methods\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)):\n- [**Chlorine**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher.\n- [**Fluoride**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride.\n- If your water contains [**Lead and other toxic heavy metals**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) -- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing **lead**, **cadmium**, and **mercury**. For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%.\n- [**Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels.\n- [**Microplastics**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually *added* substantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions, *it may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use*.\n- [**Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS)**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/) — We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water.\n## How do water filter pitchers compare on cost?\nThe cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See [**Cost**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/reviews\/water-filters-review\/water-filters\/)).\n\n## Avoid Counterfeits\nCounterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about [**how to avoid buying counterfeit filters online.**](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/answers\/avoid-counterfeit-water-filters\/counterfeit-filters\/)\n\nProducts tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024\n\n\\+— 25 sources\n\nIn addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article:\n\n- [Danziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024](https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2818899)\n- [Kosuth, PLoS One 2018](https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0194970)\n- [Medgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024](https:\/\/ehp.niehs.nih.gov\/doi\/10.1289\/EHP14410)\n- [Andrew, WC\\&P 2022](https:\/\/wcponline.com\/2022\/01\/14\/update-on-microplastics-reduction-claims\/)\n- [CDC, 10-10-2019](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/fluoridation\/faqs\/public-service-recommendations.html)\n- [Frias, Marine Polut Bull 2019](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X18307999?via%3Dihub)\n- [Performance Data Sheet](https:\/\/www.pur.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pds_ppf900z_crf950z_24july23.pdf)\n- [WaterFilterGuru](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1QL3McV20YM)\n- [website](https:\/\/www.usaberkeyfilters.com\/blog\/2020\/11\/is-activated-alumina-activated-alumina-in-berkey-pf2-filters-the-same-as-aluminum\/)\n- [Case 4:23-cv-00826-P](https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2023-08\/4-23CV00826_DocketEntry_08-09-2023_1.pdf)\n- [Cuffney, Environ Res 2023](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0013935123018248)\n- [EPA 2024](https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2024-04\/water-filter-fact-sheet.pdf)\n- [EPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011](https:\/\/yosemite.epa.gov\/oa\/rhc\/epaadmin.nsf\/Filings\/A56B5681D18012EF85258925007F0A58\/$File\/FIFRA-08-2023-0011%20BerkeyFilters%2012-2022.pdf)\n- [Teymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024](https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fenvc.2024.1376079\/)\n- [comparison sheet](https:\/\/www.pur.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/PDS-Pitcher_PPF900Z.pdf)\n- [enteric bacteria](https:\/\/y4s3k8d9.rocketcdn.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Black-Berkey-Heavy-Metal-Chemical-VOC-Pharmaceutical-Petrol-Removal-Test-Report.pdf?_ga=2.55445995.1980703667.1680706409-33319610.1680706409&_gac=1.195550814.1680706409.Cj0KCQjwuLShBhC_ARIsAFod4fJPAiedKoqtCteSD1dRkQl5ZCFIjbMJoAhaTqtb2FHEOCPHTomap7waAvsiEALw_wcB)\n- [parasites and bacteria](https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2631\/0778\/files\/Performance_Data_Sheet_Dispenser.pdf?v=1657301021)\n- [Boraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015](https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0304389414009145)\n- [CDC 2021](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthywater\/drinking\/preventing-waterborne-germs-at-home.html)\n- [Daschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8740859\/)\n- [GearLab](https:\/\/www.techgearlab.com\/topics\/kitchen\/best-water-filter#compare)\n- [Hazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39505386\/)\n- [Illinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008](http:\/\/www.idph.state.il.us\/envhealth\/factsheets\/radium.htm)\n- [PR Newswire, 2-20-2018](https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/zerowater-filter-outperforms-brita-for-radium-reduction-in-drinking-water-300601009.html)\n- [Pure Water Blog, 2022](https:\/\/purewaterblog.com\/do-brita-filters-remove-radium-from-drinking-water-a-homeowners-guide)\n\n### Water filter pitchers compared in this review:\n![AmazonBasics\\_Water\\_Filter\\_Pitchers\\_2024-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/AmazonBasics_Water_Filter_Pitchers_2024-small.png)\n\n### Amazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System\n\n![Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Aquagear Water Filter Pitcher\n\n![WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png)\n\n### Aquasana The Clean Water Machine\n\n![Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### Brita Soho With Longlast Filter\n\n![WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Brita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter\n\n![Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Kirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher\n\n![WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### LifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher\n\n![Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### PUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal\n\n![Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png)\n\n### Travel Berkey Water Filter\n\n![ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https:\/\/cdn.consumerlab.com\/images\/products\/ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png)\n\n### ZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher\n\nYou must [be a ConsumerLab.com member](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/join\/?cltrkid=Review&review=110) to get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's *Top Picks* and ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests.\n\n### You'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review:\n\nAs a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use.\n\nYou can access a special print version by clicking the \"Print\" icon in the upper right corner of this report. You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages.\n\nYou may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above. Non-members using the link will see a free summary and can join to view the full report. Other means of copying or distributing this report, in part or full, are not permitted.\n\nIf you are sight-impaired and your computer is having trouble converting the text in this report to speech, contact us for assistance at [\\[email protected\\]](https:\/\/www.consumerlab.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection#d1bcb4bcb3b4a3a2b9b8a191b2bebfa2a4bcb4a3bdb0b3ffb2bebc) or by phone at [914-722-9149](tel:+19147229149).","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Description	Which water filter pitcher is best? ConsumerLab's tests show that almost all remove chlorine and lead, but some ADD plastic to water instead of remove it and remove helpful fluoride. See our results and comparisons and learn which water filter pitchers are best depending on your filter needs.
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Boilerpipe Text	ConsumerLab.com uses JavaScript to provide the best possible experience for our content, but your browser has it disabled. Learn how to enable it here . Latest Update Quick Summary Which water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test? Popular counter-top water filter pitchers from Amazon , Aquagear , Aquasana , Berkey , Brita , Kirkland (Costco), Lifestraw , PUR , and ZeroWater were purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared. Which are ConsumerLab's Top Picks among water filter pitchers? If your water is chlorinated , we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals. If you use well water high in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely. If your tap water has an earthy flavor , from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride. To remove microplastics , we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did). To remove PFAS ("forever chemicals"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal. (Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more arsenic from water, none is a Top Pick — find out why .) How well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See What CL Found and How Products Were Evaluated ): Chlorine -- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher. Fluoride -- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride. If your water contains Lead and other toxic heavy metals -- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing lead , cadmium , and mercury . For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) — which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels. Microplastics — Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually added substantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions, it may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use . Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS) — We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water. How do water filter pitchers compare on cost? The cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See Cost ). Avoid Counterfeits Counterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about how to avoid buying counterfeit filters online. Products tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024 + — 25 sources In addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article: Danziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024 Kosuth, PLoS One 2018 Medgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024 Andrew, WC&P 2022 CDC, 10-10-2019 Frias, Marine Polut Bull 2019 Performance Data Sheet WaterFilterGuru website Case 4:23-cv-00826-P Cuffney, Environ Res 2023 EPA 2024 EPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011 Teymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024 comparison sheet enteric bacteria parasites and bacteria Boraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015 CDC 2021 Daschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996 GearLab Hazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024 Illinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008 PR Newswire, 2-20-2018 Pure Water Blog, 2022 Water filter pitchers compared in this review: View Larger Image Amazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System View Larger Image Aquagear Water Filter Pitcher View Larger Image Aquasana The Clean Water Machine View Larger Image Brita Soho With Longlast Filter View Larger Image Brita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter View Larger Image Kirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher View Larger Image LifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher View Larger Image PUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal View Larger Image Travel Berkey Water Filter View Larger Image ZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher You must be a ConsumerLab.com member to get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's Top Picks and ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests. You'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review: As a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use. You can access a special print version by clicking the "Print" icon in the upper right corner of this report. You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages. You may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above. Non-members using the link will see a free summary and can join to view the full report. Other means of copying or distributing this report, in part or full, are not permitted. If you are sight-impaired and your computer is having trouble converting the text in this report to speech, contact us for assistance at [email protected] or by phone at 914-722-9149 .
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[Home](https://www.consumerlab.com/) 2. / [Product Reviews](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/) 3. / Water Filter Pitchers Review & Top Pick www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/ [![Favorited](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/favorited.png) ![Not Favorited](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/not-favorited.png)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#favorite) [![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/brands/bluesky.svg)](https://bsky.app/profile/consumerlab.bsky.social) [![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/regular/envelope.svg)](https://www.consumerlab.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#526d212730383731266f053326372072143b3e26372072023b26313a372021720037243b372572333c3672063d2272023b313974333f2269303d362b6f3a26262221687d7d2525257c313d3c21273f37203e33307c313d3f7d2037243b3725217d25332637207f343b3e263720217f2037243b37257d25332637207f343b3e263720217d6d27263f0d213d27203137776116313e77606427263f0d3f37363b273f776116373f333b3e77606427263f0d31333f22333b353c776116213a332037) [![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/link.svg)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/ "Click to copy URL to clipboard") [![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/print.svg)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ### ![Close](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/close.svg) ### Save to favorites This feature is restricted to active members. 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[Sign in here](https://www.consumerlab.com/account/login/?next=/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/). ![ConsumerLab.com](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/logo.svg) # Water Filter Pitchers Review #### See the Best Pitchers For Different Filtering Needs Latest Update [Water Filters Tested](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#related-product-updates) [![Tod Cooperman, M.D.](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/avatars/tod-cooperman-icon.png) Medically reviewed and edited by Tod Cooperman, M.D.](https://www.consumerlab.com/about/medical-scientific-expert-team/#tod-cooperman) [Latest Update December 18, 2025 ⓘ](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) *** ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/review/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=large) ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/play.svg) ## Quick Summary ## Which water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test? Popular counter-top water filter pitchers from Amazon, Aquagear, Aquasana, Berkey, Brita, Kirkland (Costco), Lifestraw, PUR, and ZeroWater were purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared. ## Which are ConsumerLab's [**Top Picks among water filter pitchers?](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/review/seal-WaterFilter.svg) If your water is [chlorinated](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals. - If you use [well water](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) high in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely. - If your tap water has an [earthy flavor](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride. - To remove [microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did). - To remove [PFAS](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ("forever chemicals"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal. (Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more [arsenic*](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) from water, none is a Top Pick* — [find out why](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/).) ## How well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See [What CL Found](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) and [How Products Were Evaluated](https://www.consumerlab.com/methods/water-filters-review/water-filters/)): - [Chlorine](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher. - [Fluoride](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride. - If your water contains [Lead and other toxic heavy metals](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing lead, cadmium, and mercury. For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%. - [Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels. - [Microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually added substantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions, it may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use. - [Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water. ## How do water filter pitchers compare on cost? The cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See [Cost](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/)). ## Avoid Counterfeits Counterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about [how to avoid buying counterfeit filters online.](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/avoid-counterfeit-water-filters/counterfeit-filters/) Products tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024 \+— 25 sources In addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article: - [Danziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2818899) - [Kosuth, PLoS One 2018](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0194970) - [Medgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024](https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP14410) - [Andrew, WC\&P 2022](https://wcponline.com/2022/01/14/update-on-microplastics-reduction-claims/) - [CDC, 10-10-2019](https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/public-service-recommendations.html) - [Frias, Marine Polut Bull 2019](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X18307999?via%3Dihub) - [Performance Data Sheet](https://www.pur.com/wp-content/uploads/pds_ppf900z_crf950z_24july23.pdf) - [WaterFilterGuru](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QL3McV20YM) - [website](https://www.usaberkeyfilters.com/blog/2020/11/is-activated-alumina-activated-alumina-in-berkey-pf2-filters-the-same-as-aluminum/) - [Case 4:23-cv-00826-P](https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-08/4-23CV00826_DocketEntry_08-09-2023_1.pdf) - [Cuffney, Environ Res 2023](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123018248) - [EPA 2024](https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-04/water-filter-fact-sheet.pdf) - [EPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011](https://yosemite.epa.gov/oa/rhc/epaadmin.nsf/Filings/A56B5681D18012EF85258925007F0A58/$File/FIFRA-08-2023-0011%20BerkeyFilters%2012-2022.pdf) - [Teymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024](https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvc.2024.1376079/) - [comparison sheet](https://www.pur.com/wp-content/uploads/PDS-Pitcher_PPF900Z.pdf) - [enteric bacteria](https://y4s3k8d9.rocketcdn.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Black-Berkey-Heavy-Metal-Chemical-VOC-Pharmaceutical-Petrol-Removal-Test-Report.pdf?_ga=2.55445995.1980703667.1680706409-33319610.1680706409&_gac=1.195550814.1680706409.Cj0KCQjwuLShBhC_ARIsAFod4fJPAiedKoqtCteSD1dRkQl5ZCFIjbMJoAhaTqtb2FHEOCPHTomap7waAvsiEALw_wcB) - [parasites and bacteria](https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/2631/0778/files/Performance_Data_Sheet_Dispenser.pdf?v=1657301021) - [Boraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389414009145) - [CDC 2021](https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/preventing-waterborne-germs-at-home.html) - [Daschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8740859/) - [GearLab](https://www.techgearlab.com/topics/kitchen/best-water-filter#compare) - [Hazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39505386/) - [Illinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008](http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/factsheets/radium.htm) - [PR Newswire, 2-20-2018](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/zerowater-filter-outperforms-brita-for-radium-reduction-in-drinking-water-300601009.html) - [Pure Water Blog, 2022](https://purewaterblog.com/do-brita-filters-remove-radium-from-drinking-water-a-homeowners-guide) ## Make sure you're choosing the best water filter pitchers approved in our tests\! [See the Full Review as a Member](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) Already a member? [Sign in here](https://www.consumerlab.com/account/login/?next=/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/). Join now at www.consumerlab.com/join/ ### Water filter pitchers compared in this review: ![AmazonBasics\_Water\_Filter\_Pitchers\_2024-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/AmazonBasics_Water_Filter_Pitchers_2024-small.png) ### Amazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System ![Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Aquagear Water Filter Pitcher ![WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png) ### Aquasana The Clean Water Machine ![Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### Brita Soho With Longlast Filter ![WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Brita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter ![Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Kirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher ![WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### LifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher ![Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### PUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal ![Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Travel Berkey Water Filter ![ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### ZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher You must [be a ConsumerLab.com member](https://www.consumerlab.com/join/?cltrkid=Review&review=110) to get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's Top Picks and ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests. ### You'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review: - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)Which water filter pitchers passed or failed testing - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)Which water filter pitcher is most effective in removing contaminants from water and is CL's Top Pick for effectiveness and value - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)How water pitchers compare on their ability to filter out microplastics, toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic, as well as chlorine, fluoride, total dissolved solids (TDS), PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), and microplastics - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)Why some water filter pitchers may worsen the quality of your drinking water - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)How often you should replace water pitcher filters, why they should be replaced, and how this affects cost - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)What you need to do with your water filter pitcher before you use it and why this can make such a big difference - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/check.svg)What to look for when choosing a water filter pitcher ## Join to unlock the full report and get full access to over 1,400 product reviews [See the Full Review as a Member](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) Already a member? [Sign in here](https://www.consumerlab.com/account/login/?next=/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/). Join now at www.consumerlab.com/join/ ## Latest Clinical Research Updates for Water Filter Pitchers ### Water Filter Odor ##### June 03, 2025 There are occasional complaints that water from water filter pitchers can smell fishy. Find out what can cause this and if it's a health risk in the [ConsumerTips](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#odor) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [**Top Picks among water filter pitchers](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks). ### Microplastics Linked with High BP, Stroke ##### April 24, 2025 Exposure to higher amounts of microplastic was associated with increased risk of several chronic diseases, according to a recent study. Get the details in article about [Microplastics in water, salt, foods, and beverages](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt/microplastics-water-salt/#chronic-diseases). Also see our Water Filter Pitchers Review for our [Top Pick for removing microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-microplastics). ### A Way to Remove Forever Chemicals? ##### March 27, 2025 Does consuming oat β-glucan reduce levels of toxic PFAS ("forever chemicals") in the body? See what a recent analysis found in the [Benefits of Oats](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/oat-based-cereals/oats/#pfas-levels) section of our Oats Review, which includes our [Top Picks for rolled ("old-fashioned")](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/oat-based-cereals/oats/#toppicks) and [steel-cut oats](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/oat-based-cereals/oats/#toppicks-steel-cut). Also see our [Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing PFAS](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas2) from water, and our article about [avoiding PFAS in food, water, and other products](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/toxic-pfas-chemicals-in-dental-floss/pfas-dental-floss/). ### Microplastics in Rice ##### December 09, 2024 Microplastics have been found in packaged rice, but some types of rice seem to contain higher concentrations of microplastics than others. There is also a way to reduce microplastics in rice before cooking. [Get the details](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt/microplastics-water-salt/#rice) in our article about microplastics in foods and beverages. Also see our [Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-microplastics)** from water. ### ZeroWater's Loss of Filtration ##### November 25, 2024 If you use a ZeroWater pitcher to filter fluoride from your water, be aware that it can lose this ability fairly quickly. For details, see the [ConsumerTips](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#important-to-replace-filters) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our *[Top Picks* among water filter pitchers](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks). ### Arsenic in Water Linked to Heart Disease ##### November 01, 2024 Long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking water was linked to increased risk of ischemic heart disease in women, according to a recent study. Get the details in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#arsenic-heart-disease) Also see how popular water filter pitchers compare on their [ability to remove arsenic](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-heavymetals) from water -- some remove at least 90%, while other remove less than 15%. Also see our [Top Picks among water filter pitchers.*](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Has PUR Water Filter Changed? ##### June 28, 2024 A ConsumerLab member asked if the current PUR 7-Cup Water Filter Pitcher* is different from what we tested 2020, so we put the question to PUR. See their answer in our [Water Filter Pitcher Review,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#pur-fluoride) which includes our *[Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### "Double" Filtering Water? ##### June 25, 2024 We were asked if it is “overkill” to use a Brita filter on water already filtered by a reverse osmosis system. See our answer in the [ConsumerTips](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#double-filter) section of our Water Filter Pitcher Review, which includes our [Top Picks among water filter pitchers.*](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Water Pitcher Filters Compared ##### June 21, 2024 Recent tests of Aquagear, Brita, Clearly Filtered,* and Zerowater filter pitchers revealed big differences in how well they remove PFAS ("forever chemicals") from tap water. Get the details in the *[Top Picks](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#ewg-testing-for-pfas)* section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review. ### Have Kidney Disease? Watch What’s In Your Water ##### May 31, 2024 People with chronic kidney disease are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of heavy metals. Even low levels of lead in drinking water may be harmful, according to a recent study. See our [Water Filter Pitchers Review](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#background-heavy-metals) for details. Also see our *[Top Picks* among water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks)** ### PFAS Toxins in Drinking Water ##### April 16, 2024 Separately, the EPA recently finalized limits on PFAS in drinking water, but this gives water districts until 2029 to take corrective action. Learn more and see our [Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing PFAS.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas2) ### Top Pick Water Filters ##### April 12, 2024 We’ve chosen an [overall Top Pick](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-overall) among water filter pitchers based on test performance, cost, and certification. We have also changed our Top Picks for certain uses due to changes in products and availability. See our current [Top Picks](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) in our [Water Filter Pitcher Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ### Microplastics Cardiovascular Concern ##### March 29, 2024 Microplastic particles were recently found in arterial plaque in many people, and this was associated with much higher risk of stroke, heart attack, and death. Get the details in the [Microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#nanoplastic-particles-heart-risks) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review. Also see our [Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing microplastics.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-microplastics) ### Berkey Filter Replacement? ##### March 01, 2024 With Berkey water filters no longer being sold, how do replacement filters compare (such as those from Boroux, Kainasch, and ProPure)? Find out in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#berkey-filter-replacement-options) ### Exposure to Forever Chemicals ##### February 13, 2024 Learn about a tool to help you estimate your exposure to PFAS ("forever chemicals") and ways to reduce exposure. For details, see the [PFAS section](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#pfas-estimate) of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [Top Picks for removing PFAS.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas2) ### Berkey Filters & Aluminum ##### November 14, 2023 Concerns have been raised that Berkey Fluoride filters may add aluminum to water. Find out if this is true, and if you should be concerned, in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-berkey-aluminum) Also see our [Top Picks among water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Berkey Filters ##### October 10, 2023 Find out why water filters for Berkey filtration devices are not currently available. Get the details in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#berkey-filters-regulatory-issue) which includes our [Top Picks among water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher & PFAS ##### September 19, 2023 Does Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher do a good job removing PFAS ("forever chemicals") from tap water? Find out in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#clearly-filtered-pfas) which includes our [Top Picks for removing PFAS](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas2) as well as [chlorine,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) [arsenic,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-arsenic) [microbes,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-microbes) and more. ### Filtering PFAS from Tap Water ##### September 08, 2023 Using a water filter pitcher or other home water filter was linked to significantly lower blood levels of PFAS in a recent study. [Get the details](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#filters-pfas-blood-levels) in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, and find out how [water filter pitchers compare](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas) on removing PFAS, our [Top Picks for removing PFAS,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas2) and our [Top Picks for removing other substances in water.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Brita Responds to Lawsuit ##### September 06, 2023 Brita responded to the recent lawsuit alleging that its products do not remove all hazardous contaminants. [Get the details](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#brita-lawsuit) in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, and see our [Top Picks](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) among water filter pitchers. ### Brita Lawsuit ##### August 22, 2023 A recently filed lawsuit alleges that Brita products do not live up to claims of removing hazardous contaminants from drinking water. Learn more and ConsumerLab’s take on the suit in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#brita-lawsuit) which includes our Top Picks among products. ### Filtering Out Forever Chemicals ##### July 18, 2023 PFAS, or “forever chemicals” are now in many water supplies and can have adverse health effects. Recent tests show how effective water filter pitchers are in filtering them out. See the results and our suggested [Top Pick](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas) among them in our Water Filter Pitchers Review. ### Filtering Out PFAS ##### May 09, 2023 We’ve added information about an add-on to Brita filters that claims to remove potentially dangerous PFAS from drinking water. See the [PFAS section](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#purefast) of our Water Filter Pitchers Review. Also see our [Top Picks among water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Do Water Filter Pitchers Really Remove PFAS? ##### May 05, 2023 In many parts of the U.S., drinking water exceeds proposed limits for potentially toxic PFAS compounds. How well do water filter pitchers remove PFAS? Find out in the [PFAS](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-pfas) section of our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) Also see our [Top Picks for water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Clearly Filtered vs. Other Water Filters ##### May 02, 2023 After publishing our recent review of water filter pitchers, several readers asked us about the Clearly Filtered pitcher, which was not tested. We’ve added information about this product – including a questionable claim – to the [ConsumerTips](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#other-filter-pitchers) section of the review. Also see our [Top Picks among tested water filter pitchers.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ### Five More Water Filter Pitchers Tested ##### April 21, 2023 We tested five more water filter pitchers (Aquagear, Berkey, Brita, Kirkland, and LifeStraw) and found surprising results. While all did an excellent job of removing the heavy metals lead, cadmium, and mercury, pitchers varied dramatically in their ability to remove [chlorine](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-chlorine), (which affects taste), [fluoride](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-fluoride), [arsenic](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-heavymetals), [total dissolved solids (TDS)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-tds), and [microplastic particles](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#whatclfound-microplastics). Be aware that some pitchers actually increase the amount of microplastics in water after filtering! See our Top Picks for: - Removing [Chlorine Taste](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) - [Reducing Fluoride](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-fluoride) - [Removing Arsenic](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-arsenic) - [Reducing Earthy Taste](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks-earthy-taste) (due to high TDS) The Review also shows which [additional contaminants](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#results) products claim to reduce (such as PFAS, solvents, and microbes), explains why you [shouldn't drink the first few pitchers of water](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#using) when using a new filter, and what to do if your water pitcher is [unusually slow](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#slow). See the [Water Filter Pitchers Review](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) and our [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESgR7PzzNoM) about it. ### Removing Radium From Water? ##### October 11, 2022 A CL Member asked if water pitcher filters can remove radium from drinking water. Find out in the [What to Consider When Using](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#radium) section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review. ### Microplastics & Blood Clots ##### September 28, 2022 A recent study raised concern about microplastics causing blood clots. Get the details in our [Water Filter Pitchers Review.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#microplastics-concerns) [Load More…](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ## Latest Product Updates ### Water Filters Tested ##### December 18, 2025 How did [Pur Plus,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#gl-pp) [Amazon Basics,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#gl-ab) and [Travel Berkey](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#gl-tb) water filters perform in recent tests? Find out, plus learn how other [water filter pitchers,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#other-filters) and [faucet, countertop, and reverse osmosis filters,](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#faucet-filters) fared, in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our [*Top Picks.](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/#toppicks) ## Related CL Answers (6) [Is Bottled Water Better Than Tap Water? Some people consider bottled water to be a favorable alternative to tap water, but is it really better? Find out how bottled water and tap water compare in terms of taste, mineral content, acidity, and contaminants such as microplastics and PFAS. ![Woman holding glass of water next to bottle of water](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/answers/4861_image.jpeg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/is-bottled-water-better-than-tap-water/bottled-water-vs-tap-water/) [What is hydrogen water? Is it beneficial for alertness, athletic performance, arthritis or other conditions, and is it safe? Find out if hydrogen water has benefits with regard to alertness, side effects of radiotherapy in cancer patients, metabolic syndrome, athletic performance, rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease, and other conditions, and learn if it is safe to use. ![Portable hydrogen water generator](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/answers/4747_image.jpg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/hydrogen-water-safety-and-efficacy/hydrogen-water-review/) [How important it is to reduce total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking water from my tap? Removing dissolved solids (TDS) may be desirable if your tap water is known to contain large amounts of dissolved solids that negatively affect taste, but you may also be removing essential minerals. Learn more about our tests of water filter pitchers. ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/review/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/water-filters-removing-total-dissolved-solids/water-filters-tds/) [Which air purifiers are best for reducing microbial and smoke particles from room air? Find out if portable air cleaners can remove the virus that causes COVID-19 infection from the air and learn which type air cleaners work best. ![HEPA air purifier on bedroom floor](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/answers/4690_image.jpg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/portable-air-cleaner/air-purifier/) [Do water filters remove microplastics from tap water? Find out if water filter pitchers and faucet mounted filters from Brita, Pur, Lifestraw and other brands remove microplastics from tap water. ![Water Filters for Microplastics -- water filter pitcher pouring water into glass](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/answers/4653_image.jpg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/water-filters-for-microplastics/water-filters/) [Is it true that there are bits of plastic in drinking water, specialty salts, or other foods and beverages? How concerned should I be? Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic that can end up foods and beverages. Learn about microplastics found in drinking water and specialty salts. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains. ![Microplastics in water, plastic bottle of water pouring water into glass](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/answers/4599_image.jpg?size=small)](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/plastic-particles-in-drinking-water-and-salt/microplastics-water-salt/) [Load More…](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ![ConsumerLab.com](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/logo.svg) ## ![Close](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/close.svg) As a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use. You can access a special print version by clicking the "Print" icon in the upper right corner of this report. You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages. You may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above. Non-members using the link will see a free summary and can join to view the full report. Other means of copying or distributing this report, in part or full, are not permitted. If you are sight-impaired and your computer is having trouble converting the text in this report to speech, contact us for assistance at [\[email protected\]](https://www.consumerlab.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d1bcb4bcb3b4a3a2b9b8a191b2bebfa2a4bcb4a3bdb0b3ffb2bebc) or by phone at [914-722-9149](tel:+19147229149). [Close](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) Additional Information Tested through CL's [Quality Certification Program](https://www.consumerlab.com/quality-certification-program/) prior to, or after initial posting of this Product Review. ![ConsumerLab.com](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/logo.svg) ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/close.svg) The "Latest Update" date indicates when new clinical or product information was most recently added. 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Readable Markdown	ConsumerLab.com uses JavaScript to provide the best possible experience for our content, but your browser has it disabled. Learn how to enable it [here](https://www.enable-javascript.com/). Latest Update ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/review/380_image_hires_water-filter-pitchers-hires-2023.jpg?size=large) ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/icons/fontawesome/solid/play.svg) ## Quick Summary ## Which water filter pitchers did ConsumerLab test? Popular counter-top water filter pitchers from Amazon, Aquagear, Aquasana, Berkey, Brita, Kirkland (Costco), Lifestraw, PUR, and ZeroWater were purchased, tested, reviewed, and compared. ## Which are ConsumerLab's [**Top Picks among water filter pitchers?](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) - ![](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/review/seal-WaterFilter.svg) If your water is [chlorinated](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), we selected a pitcher that gets out the chlorine (which can impair water flavor) at very low cost (less than 1 cent per cup), while leaving fluoride (for strengthening teeth) and essential minerals. - If you use [well water](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) high in fluoride, we selected two pitchers that can help by either reducing fluoride by 25% to 31%, at very reasonable cost, or removing it entirely. - If your tap water has an [earthy flavor](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), from high dissolved solids, we selected a pitcher that can entirely remove dissolved solids, although it will also remove nearly all fluoride. - To remove [microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to reduce the majority of plastic particles while not dumping in many carbon particles (as many filters did). - To remove [PFAS](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) ("forever chemicals"), we selected a pitcher that has been shown to remove 100% and suggest some runners-up, based testing from an independent group, as we did not test for PFAS removal. (Although we identified several pitchers that remove 90% or more [arsenic*](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) from water, none is a Top Pick* — [find out why](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/).) ## How well did water filters pitchers remove each of the following? (See [What CL Found](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) and [How Products Were Evaluated](https://www.consumerlab.com/methods/water-filters-review/water-filters/)): - [Chlorine](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- which is added by many water systems as a disinfectant but can impact water taste -- was well removed except by all but one filter pitcher. - [Fluoride](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- which may be added to water systems to help protect teeth -- was removed completely (which may not be desirable) by one filter pitcher, while the others removed 10.7% to 31% of the fluoride. - If your water contains [Lead and other toxic heavy metals](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) -- Each pitcher did an excellent job at removing lead, cadmium, and mercury. For arsenic, some of the pitchers removed essentially all of it, while others removed as little as 15%. - [Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — which includes many essential minerals — were left largely intact by most pitchers, as is generally desirable. Removing all dissolved solids removes essential minerals, can result in bland-tasting water, and reduces the life of filters. However, if your tap water has an unpleasant, earthy flavor, we found some pitchers that can eliminate these compounds or significantly reduce levels. - [Microplastics](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — Four water filter pitchers were able to remove the majority of microplastic particles. Among the others, several removed a modest amount and one actually added substantial amounts of plastic to the water. Some also added large amounts of carbon particles. Although not suggested in all product instructions, it may be helpful with some filters to discard several pitchers of water before drinking the water, as microplastic and carbon levels appear to decline with use. - [Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, such as PFOA and PFOS)](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/) — We did not test water filter pitchers for their ability to remove potentially toxic PFAS, bit three of the products claim to remove at least 95% of PFOA and PFOS. However, as we explain, water filter pitchers may not be the best strategy for removing PFAS from drinking water. ## How do water filter pitchers compare on cost? The cost to get a cup of water ranged more than 7-fold from just 0.7 cents to as much as 5 cents after factoring the initial cost of the pitcher and filters, replacement filters, and the number of gallons handled by each filter. Some filters need to be changed after every 20 to 40 gallons of water while others can filter as many as 3,000 gallons. (See [Cost](https://www.consumerlab.com/reviews/water-filters-review/water-filters/)). ## Avoid Counterfeits Counterfeit water filters have been sold in the U.S. See our separate article about [how to avoid buying counterfeit filters online.](https://www.consumerlab.com/answers/avoid-counterfeit-water-filters/counterfeit-filters/) Products tested in 2020, 2023 and 2024 \+— 25 sources In addition the results of its expert testing, ConsumerLab uses only high-quality, evidence based, information sources. These sources include peer-reviewed studies and information from agencies such as the FDA and USDA, and the National Academy of Medicine. On evolving topics, studies from pre-print journals may be sourced. All of our content is reviewed by medical doctors and doctoral-level experts in pharmacology, toxicology, and chemistry. We continually update and medically review our information to keep our content trustworthy, accurate, and reliable. The following sources are referenced in this article: - [Danziger, JAMA Intern Med 2024](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2818899) - [Kosuth, PLoS One 2018](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0194970) - [Medgyesi,Environ Health Perspect 2024](https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP14410) - [Andrew, WC\&P 2022](https://wcponline.com/2022/01/14/update-on-microplastics-reduction-claims/) - [CDC, 10-10-2019](https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/faqs/public-service-recommendations.html) - [Frias, Marine Polut Bull 2019](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X18307999?via%3Dihub) - [Performance Data Sheet](https://www.pur.com/wp-content/uploads/pds_ppf900z_crf950z_24july23.pdf) - [WaterFilterGuru](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QL3McV20YM) - [website](https://www.usaberkeyfilters.com/blog/2020/11/is-activated-alumina-activated-alumina-in-berkey-pf2-filters-the-same-as-aluminum/) - [Case 4:23-cv-00826-P](https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-08/4-23CV00826_DocketEntry_08-09-2023_1.pdf) - [Cuffney, Environ Res 2023](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123018248) - [EPA 2024](https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-04/water-filter-fact-sheet.pdf) - [EPA, FIFRA-0802023-0011](https://yosemite.epa.gov/oa/rhc/epaadmin.nsf/Filings/A56B5681D18012EF85258925007F0A58/$File/FIFRA-08-2023-0011%20BerkeyFilters%2012-2022.pdf) - [Teymoorian, Front Environ Chem 2024](https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvc.2024.1376079/) - [comparison sheet](https://www.pur.com/wp-content/uploads/PDS-Pitcher_PPF900Z.pdf) - [enteric bacteria](https://y4s3k8d9.rocketcdn.me/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Black-Berkey-Heavy-Metal-Chemical-VOC-Pharmaceutical-Petrol-Removal-Test-Report.pdf?_ga=2.55445995.1980703667.1680706409-33319610.1680706409&_gac=1.195550814.1680706409.Cj0KCQjwuLShBhC_ARIsAFod4fJPAiedKoqtCteSD1dRkQl5ZCFIjbMJoAhaTqtb2FHEOCPHTomap7waAvsiEALw_wcB) - [parasites and bacteria](https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/2631/0778/files/Performance_Data_Sheet_Dispenser.pdf?v=1657301021) - [Boraphech, J Hazard Mater 2015](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389414009145) - [CDC 2021](https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/preventing-waterborne-germs-at-home.html) - [Daschner, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8740859/) - [GearLab](https://www.techgearlab.com/topics/kitchen/best-water-filter#compare) - [Hazzazi, J Pub Health Dent 2024](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39505386/) - [Illinois Department of Public Health Fact Sheet, 1-2008](http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/factsheets/radium.htm) - [PR Newswire, 2-20-2018](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/zerowater-filter-outperforms-brita-for-radium-reduction-in-drinking-water-300601009.html) - [Pure Water Blog, 2022](https://purewaterblog.com/do-brita-filters-remove-radium-from-drinking-water-a-homeowners-guide) ### Water filter pitchers compared in this review: ![AmazonBasics\_Water\_Filter\_Pitchers\_2024-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/AmazonBasics_Water_Filter_Pitchers_2024-small.png) ### Amazon Basics 10 Cup Water Filtration System ![Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Aquagear-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Aquagear Water Filter Pitcher ![WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter-WaterFilter-2020-small.png) ### Aquasana The Clean Water Machine ![Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Brita-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### Brita Soho With Longlast Filter ![WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter2-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Brita Water Filter Pitcher For Tap And Drinking Water With Elite Filter ![Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Kirkland-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Kirkland Signature Filtered Water Pitcher ![WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/WaterFilter1-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### LifeStraw Home 7-Cup BPA-Free Plastic Filter Pitcher ![Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Pur-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### PUR Ultimate 7 Cup Pitcher With Lead Removal ![Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/Berkey-WaterFilterPitchers-2023-small.png) ### Travel Berkey Water Filter ![ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png](https://cdn.consumerlab.com/images/products/ZeroWater-WaterFilters-2020-small.png) ### ZeroWater 6-Cup Water Filter Pitcher You must [be a ConsumerLab.com member](https://www.consumerlab.com/join/?cltrkid=Review&review=110) to get the full test results along with ConsumerLab.com's Top Picks and ConsumerTips on how to choose and use water filter pitchers. You'll get results for 10 popular water filter pitchers selected by ConsumerLab.com based on reader requests. ### You'll get all of the following information about water filter pitchers in this comprehensive review: As a ConsumerLab.com member, you may print a copy of this report for your personal use. You can access a special print version by clicking the "Print" icon in the upper right corner of this report. You can then use your web browser's print functions to print the whole report or just selected pages. You may also email or post a link to this report using the web address above. Non-members using the link will see a free summary and can join to view the full report. Other means of copying or distributing this report, in part or full, are not permitted. If you are sight-impaired and your computer is having trouble converting the text in this report to speech, contact us for assistance at [\[email protected\]](https://www.consumerlab.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d1bcb4bcb3b4a3a2b9b8a191b2bebfa2a4bcb4a3bdb0b3ffb2bebc) or by phone at [914-722-9149](tel:+19147229149).
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