🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 62 (from laksa199)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa062.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump","crawl_time":1775377888,"first_indexed_time":1487629833,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,britannica!www,\/biography\/Melania-Trump s443","src_root_hash":"5455945239613777662","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Melania Trump | Documentary, Age, Book, & Facts | Britannica","meta_descriptions":["Melania Trump is a Slovenian American fashion model who served as first lady of the United States during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, Donald Trump, the 45th and 47th U.S. president. She was only the second foreign-born first lady, after Louisa Adams. Learn more about her life and career."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Top Questions\nIs Melania Trump a U.S. citizen?\nHow tall is Melania Trump?\nWhere is Melania Trump from?\nWhat did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump?\nNews\n•\nMelania Trump\n(born April 26, 1970,\nNovo Mesto\n, Yugoslavia [now in Slovenia]) is a\nSlovenian\nAmerican former\nfashion\nmodel who served as\nfirst lady\nof the\nUnited States\nduring the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband,\nDonald Trump\n, the 45th and 47th\nU.S. president\n. Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after\nLouisa Adams\n.\nModeling and marriage to Donald Trump\nMelanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in\nSlovenia\n), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She\nattended\nthe University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to\nNew York\nby Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for\nSports Illustrated\n’s popular swimsuit edition.\nKnauss first met Trump in 1998 at a\nfashion industry\nparty in\nNew York City\n. He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in\nPalm Beach\n, Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was\nHillary Clinton\n. In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products.\nBritannica Quiz\nFirst Ladies of the United States Quiz\nFirst lady\nIn 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa.  Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the\nRepublican National Convention\nin July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by\nMichelle Obama\neight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming\nplagiarism\n. Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of\nsexual assault\nand harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017.\nMelania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the\nWhite House\nuntil June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best\ninitiative\n, which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered.\nOn November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by\nJoe Biden\n, though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters\nattacked\nthe\nCapitol\nas Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she\ncondemned\nthe violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady\nJill Biden\nbefore Donald Trump left office on January 20.\nMelania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir\nMelania\n. In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025.\nQuick Facts\nNée:\nMelania Knauss\nOriginal name:\nMelanija Knavs\nBorn:\nApril 26, 1970,\nNovo Mesto\n, Yugoslavia [now in Slovenia] (age 55)\nTrusted knowledge for those who want to know more.\nSUBSCRIBE\nIn November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary\nMelania\n(2026), which was\nacquired\nby Amazon MGM Studios for $40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary.","attrs_markdown":"[![Encyclopedia Britannica](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/mendel\/eb-logo\/MendelNewThistleLogo.png)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/)\n\n[![Encyclopedia Britannica](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/mendel\/eb-logo\/MendelNewThistleLogo.png)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/)\n\n[SUBSCRIBE](https:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=global-nav&utm_campaign=blue-evergreen)\n\n[SUBSCRIBE](https:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=global-nav-mobile&utm_campaign=blue-evergreen)\n\nLogin\n\nhttps:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm\\_source=premium\\&utm\\_medium=nav-login-box\\&utm\\_campaign=evergreen\n\n[SUBSCRIBE](https:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=hamburger-menu&utm_campaign=blue)\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/)\n- [History & Society](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/History-Society)\n- [Science & Tech](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Science-Tech)\n- [Biographies](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Biographies)\n- [Animals & Nature](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Animals-Nature)\n- [Geography & Travel](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Geography-Travel)\n- [Arts & Culture](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Arts-Culture)\n- [ProCon](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/procon)\n- [Money](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/money)\n\n- [Games & Quizzes](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/browse)\n- [Videos](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/videos)\n- [On This Day](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/on-this-day)\n- [One Good Fact](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/one-good-fact)\n- [Dictionary](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary)\n- [New Articles](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/new-articles)\n\n[History & Society](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/History-Society)\n\n- [Lifestyles & Social Issues](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Lifestyles-Social-Issues)\n- [Philosophy & Religion](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Philosophy-Religion)\n- [Politics, Law & Government](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Politics-Law-Government)\n- [World History](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/World-History)\n\n[Science & Tech](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Science-Tech)\n\n- [Health & Medicine](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Health-Medicine)\n- [Science](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Science)\n- [Technology](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Technology)\n\n[Biographies](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Biographies)\n\n- [Browse Biographies](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/biographies)\n\n[Animals & Nature](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Animals-Nature)\n\n- [Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Birds-Reptiles-Vertebrates)\n- [Environment](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Environment)\n- [Fossils & Geologic Time](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Fossil-Geologic-Time)\n- [Insects & Other Invertebrates](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Bugs-Mollusks-Invertebrates)\n- [Mammals](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Mammals)\n- [Plants](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Plants)\n\n[Geography & Travel](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Geography-Travel)\n\n- [Geography & Travel](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Geography-Travel)\n\n[Arts & Culture](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Arts-Culture)\n\n- [Entertainment & Pop Culture](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Entertainment-Pop-Culture)\n- [Literature](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Literature)\n- [Sports & Recreation](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Sports-Recreation)\n- [Visual Arts](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Visual-Arts)\n\n- [Image Galleries](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/gallery\/browse)\n- [Podcasts](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/podcasts)\n- [Summaries](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/summary)\n- [Top Questions](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question)\n- [Lists and Stories](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/lists-and-stories)\n\n- [Britannica Kids](https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/)\n\n[Ask the Chatbot](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/chatbot)\n\n[Games & Quizzes](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/browse)  [History & Society](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/History-Society)  [Science & Tech](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Science-Tech)  [Biographies](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Biographies)  [Animals & Nature](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Animals-Nature)  [Geography & Travel](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Geography-Travel)  [Arts & Culture](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/Arts-Culture)  [ProCon](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/procon)  [Money](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/money)  [Videos](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/videos)\n\n[Melania Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump)\n\n- [Introduction & Top Questions](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump)\n- [Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump#ref388550)\n- [First lady](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump#ref388551)\n\n[References & Edit History](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump\/additional-info)  [Quick Facts & Related Topics](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/facts\/Melania-Trump)\n\n[Images & Videos](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump\/images-videos)\n\n[![Taking center stage](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/18\/193318-004-8989A587\/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/18\/193318-050-BA5E2B8A\/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg)   [![Melania Trump](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/04\/216404-004-94D67E18\/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/04\/216404-050-2D476C21\/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)\n\n[![Donald J. Trump's inauguration as the 45th U.S. president](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/38\/193738-138-0DF541A5\/Donald-Trump-president.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/video\/Donald-Trump-president\/-217985)\n\nQuizzes\n\n[![Washington Monument. Washington Monument and fireworks, Washington DC. The Monument was built as an obelisk near the west end of the National Mall to commemorate the first U.S. president, General George Washington.](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/09\/153009-131-58881A36\/Washington-Monument-George-fireworks-obelisk-end-DC.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/all-american-history-quiz)\n\n[All-American History Quiz](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/all-american-history-quiz)\n\n[![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/89\/236189-131-46FF66C0\/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/first-ladies-of-the-united-states)\n\n[First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/first-ladies-of-the-united-states)\n\nRelated Questions\n\n- [Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen?](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question\/Is-Melania-Trump-a-U-S-citizen)\n- [Where is Melania Trump from?](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question\/Where-is-Melania-Trump-from)\n- [What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump?](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question\/What-did-Melania-Trump-do-before-she-married-Donald-Trump)\n- [Can President Donald Trump change the name of the Department of Defense to the Department of War?](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question\/Can-President-Donald-Trump-change-the-name-of-the-Department-of-Defense-to-the-Department-of-War)\n- [What was the significance of Donald Trump’s military parade?](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/question\/What-was-the-significance-of-Donald-Trumps-military-parade)\n\n![Britannica AI Icon](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/mendel-resources\/3-178\/images\/chatbot\/star-ai.svg?v=3.178.5)\n\nContents\n\n[Politics, Law & Government](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/Politics-Law-Government)    [World Leaders](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/World-Leaders)    [First Ladies](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/browse\/First-Ladies)\n\n*print* Print\n\nPlease select which sections you would like to print:\n\nCITE\n\n*verified*Cite\n\nWhile every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.\n\nSelect Citation Style\n\nCopy Citation\n\nShare\n\nShare\n\nShare to social media\n\n[Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/BRITANNICA\/) [X](https:\/\/x.com\/britannica)\n\nURL\n\n<https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump>\n\nFeedback\n\nExternal Websites\n\nFeedback\n\nThank you for your feedback\n\nOur editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.\n\nExternal Websites\n\n- [The White House - Melania Trump](https:\/\/trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov\/people\/melania-trump\/)\n\nBritannica Websites\n\nArticles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.\n\n- [Melania Trump - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)](https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/students\/article\/Melania-Trump\/628396)\n\n[![Taking center stage](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/18\/193318-050-BA5E2B8A\/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg?w=400&h=300&c=crop)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/18\/193318-050-BA5E2B8A\/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg)\n\n[Taking center stage](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/18\/193318-050-BA5E2B8A\/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg) Melania Trump speaking at the Republican National Convention, 2016.\n\n(more)\n\n# Melania Trump\nAmerican first lady\n\nAsk Anything\n\nHomework Help\n\nAlso known as: Melania Knauss, Melanija Knavs\n\nWritten and fact-checked by\n\n[Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/editor\/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica\/4419)\n\nBritannica Editors\n\nLast updated\n\nApr. 3, 2026\n\n•[History](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Melania-Trump\/additional-info#history)\n\n![Britannica AI Icon](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/mendel-resources\/3-178\/images\/chatbot\/star-ai.svg?v=3.178.5) Britannica AI\n\nAsk Anything\n\nTable of Contents\n\nTable of Contents\n\nAsk Anything\n\nTop Questions\n\n### Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen?\nMelania Trump is a dual citizen of Slovenia and the United States. She was born Melanija Knavs (Melania Knauss) in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (now [Slovenia](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia)) in 1970. In 1996 she moved to the United States for her modeling career. After a long courtship, she married [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump) in 2005, and the following year she became a U.S. citizen. In 2018 her parents also became U.S. citizens through family-based immigration, a path to citizenship called “chain migration” by critics.\n\n### How tall is Melania Trump?\nAccording to various reports, Melania Trump is 5 feet 11 inches (1.8 meters) tall.\n\n### Where is Melania Trump from?\nMelania Trump was born Melanija Knavs in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (now [Slovenia](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia)) in 1970. Her father sold cars, and her mother worked in the textile industry. She attended the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she moved to the United States to continue her modeling career. She married [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump) in 2005.\n\n### What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump?\nMelania Trump was working as a model when she met [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump) in 1998. The couple married in 2005 and had a son, Barron Trump, four years later. During this time Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products. In 2025 she launched the production company Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary *Melania*, which was acquired by Amazon MGM Studios for \\$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It is considered one of the largest deals for a documentary.\n\n## News •\n[Donald Trump and Melania booed at Kennedy Center appearance](https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/donald-trump-melania-booed-kennedy-center-appearance-11766613)\n\n• Apr. 1, 2026, 7:49 AM ET (Newsweek)\n\n...(Show more)\n\n[Melania Trump shares the spotlight with a robot at an education and technology event](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/news\/2083890\/4753e34c6c80ca49623fec95ba99a275)  • Mar. 26, 2026, 1:53 AM ET (AP)\n\n[Melania Trump hosts world counterparts and tech reps to discuss children, education and technology](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/news\/2083890\/188128cbb4952b104d3318ae4a2b1c80)  • Mar. 24, 2026, 2:40 PM ET (AP)\n\nShow less\n\n**Melania Trump** (born April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \\[now in Slovenia\\]) is a [Slovenian](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Slovene-language) American former [fashion](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/fashion-society) model who served as [first lady](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/first-lady-United-States-title) of the [United States](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/United-States) during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump), the 45th and 47th [U.S. president](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/presidency-of-the-United-States-of-America). Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after [Louisa Adams](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Louisa-Adams).\n\n## Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump\nMelanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in [Slovenia](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia)), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She [attended](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/attended) the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to [New York](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/New-York-state) by Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for [*Sports Illustrated*](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Sports-Illustrated)’s popular swimsuit edition.\n\nKnauss first met Trump in 1998 at a [fashion industry](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/art\/fashion-industry) party in [New York City](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/New-York-City). He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in [Palm Beach](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Palm-Beach-Florida), Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was [Hillary Clinton](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Hillary-Clinton). In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products.\n\n[![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/89\/236189-131-46FF66C0\/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg) Britannica Quiz First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/first-ladies-of-the-united-states)\n\n## First lady\n[![Melania Trump](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/04\/216404-050-2D476C21\/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg?w=300)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/04\/216404-050-2D476C21\/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)\n\n[Melania Trump](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/04\/216404-050-2D476C21\/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)First lady Melania Trump, 2017.\n\n(more)\n\nIn 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa. Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the [Republican National Convention](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Republican-National-Convention) in July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by [Michelle Obama](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Michelle-Obama) eight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming [plagiarism](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/plagiarism). Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of [sexual assault](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/sexual-assault) and harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017.\n\nMelania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the [White House](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/White-House-Washington-DC) until June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best [initiative](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/initiative), which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered.\n\nOn November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by [Joe Biden](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Joe-Biden), though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters [attacked](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/January-6-U-S-Capitol-attack) the [Capitol](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/United-States-Capitol) as Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she [condemned](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/condemned) the violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady [Jill Biden](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Jill-Biden) before Donald Trump left office on January 20.\n\nMelania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir *Melania*. In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025.\n\nQuick Facts\n\nNée:\n\nMelania Knauss\n\n*(Show more)*\n\nOriginal name:\n\nMelanija Knavs\n\n*(Show more)*\n\nBorn:\n\nApril 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \\[now in Slovenia\\] (age 55)\n\n*(Show more)*\n\nTitle \/ Office:\n\n[first lady (2025-)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/first-lady-United-States-title)\n\n[first lady (2017-2021)](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/first-lady-United-States-title)\n\n*(Show more)*\n\nNotable Family Members:\n\nspouse [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump)\n\n*(Show more)*\n\n[See all related content](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/facts\/Melania-Trump)\n\nExplore Britannica Premium\\!\n\nTrusted knowledge for those who want to know more.\n\n[SUBSCRIBE](https:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=inline-cta&utm_campaign=shorter-2026)\n\n![Penguin, ship, mountain, atlas](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-left.webp)\n\n![shohei ohtani, plants, andy wharhol art](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-right.webp)\n\n![Mobile](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-mobile.webp?w=400)\n\nIn November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary *Melania* (2026), which was [acquired](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/acquired) by Amazon MGM Studios for \\$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary.\n\n[The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/editor\/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica\/4419)This article was most recently revised and updated by [Amy Tikkanen](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/editor\/Amy-Tikkanen\/6393).","attrs_readable_markdown":"Top Questions\n\n### Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen?\n### How tall is Melania Trump?\n### Where is Melania Trump from?\n### What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump?\n## News •\n**Melania Trump** (born April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \\[now in Slovenia\\]) is a [Slovenian](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Slovene-language) American former [fashion](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/fashion-society) model who served as [first lady](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/first-lady-United-States-title) of the [United States](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/United-States) during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, [Donald Trump](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Donald-Trump), the 45th and 47th [U.S. president](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/presidency-of-the-United-States-of-America). Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after [Louisa Adams](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Louisa-Adams).\n\n## Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump\nMelanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in [Slovenia](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Slovenia)), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She [attended](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/attended) the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to [New York](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/New-York-state) by Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for [*Sports Illustrated*](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Sports-Illustrated)’s popular swimsuit edition.\n\nKnauss first met Trump in 1998 at a [fashion industry](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/art\/fashion-industry) party in [New York City](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/New-York-City). He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in [Palm Beach](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Palm-Beach-Florida), Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was [Hillary Clinton](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Hillary-Clinton). In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products.\n\n[![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/89\/236189-131-46FF66C0\/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg) Britannica Quiz First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/quiz\/first-ladies-of-the-united-states)\n\n## First lady\nIn 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa. Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the [Republican National Convention](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Republican-National-Convention) in July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by [Michelle Obama](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Michelle-Obama) eight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming [plagiarism](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/plagiarism). Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of [sexual assault](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/sexual-assault) and harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017.\n\nMelania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the [White House](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/White-House-Washington-DC) until June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best [initiative](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/initiative), which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered.\n\nOn November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by [Joe Biden](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Joe-Biden), though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters [attacked](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/event\/January-6-U-S-Capitol-attack) the [Capitol](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/United-States-Capitol) as Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she [condemned](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/condemned) the violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady [Jill Biden](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Jill-Biden) before Donald Trump left office on January 20.\n\nMelania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir *Melania*. In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025.\n\nQuick Facts\n\nNée:\n\nMelania Knauss\n\nOriginal name:\n\nMelanija Knavs\n\nBorn:\n\nApril 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \\[now in Slovenia\\] (age 55)\n\nTrusted knowledge for those who want to know more.\n\n[SUBSCRIBE](https:\/\/premium.britannica.com\/premium-membership\/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=inline-cta&utm_campaign=shorter-2026)\n\n![Penguin, ship, mountain, atlas](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-left.webp)\n\n![shohei ohtani, plants, andy wharhol art](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-right.webp)\n\n![Mobile](https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/marketing\/inline-mobile.webp?w=400)\n\nIn November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary *Melania* (2026), which was [acquired](https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/dictionary\/acquired) by Amazon MGM Studios for \\$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary.","meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

2 days ago

🤖

ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.1 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump
Last Crawled	2026-04-05 08:31:28 (2 days ago)
First Indexed	2017-02-20 22:30:33 (9 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Melania Trump \| Documentary, Age, Book, & Facts \| Britannica
Meta Description	Melania Trump is a Slovenian American fashion model who served as first lady of the United States during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, Donald Trump, the 45th and 47th U.S. president. She was only the second foreign-born first lady, after Louisa Adams. Learn more about her life and career.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Top Questions Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen? How tall is Melania Trump? Where is Melania Trump from? What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump? News • Melania Trump (born April 26, 1970, Novo Mesto , Yugoslavia [now in Slovenia]) is a Slovenian American former fashion model who served as first lady of the United States during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, Donald Trump , the 45th and 47th U.S. president . Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after Louisa Adams . Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump Melanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in Slovenia ), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She attended the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to New York by Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for Sports Illustrated ’s popular swimsuit edition. Knauss first met Trump in 1998 at a fashion industry party in New York City . He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in Palm Beach , Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was Hillary Clinton . In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products. Britannica Quiz First Ladies of the United States Quiz First lady In 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa. Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the Republican National Convention in July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by Michelle Obama eight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming plagiarism . Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of sexual assault and harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017. Melania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the White House until June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best initiative , which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered. On November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by Joe Biden , though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters attacked the Capitol as Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she condemned the violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady Jill Biden before Donald Trump left office on January 20. Melania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir Melania . In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025. Quick Facts Née: Melania Knauss Original name: Melanija Knavs Born: April 26, 1970, Novo Mesto , Yugoslavia [now in Slovenia] (age 55) Trusted knowledge for those who want to know more. SUBSCRIBE In November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary Melania (2026), which was acquired by Amazon MGM Studios for $40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary.
Markdown	[![Encyclopedia Britannica](https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel/eb-logo/MendelNewThistleLogo.png)](https://www.britannica.com/) [![Encyclopedia Britannica](https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel/eb-logo/MendelNewThistleLogo.png)](https://www.britannica.com/) [SUBSCRIBE](https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=global-nav&utm_campaign=blue-evergreen) [SUBSCRIBE](https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=global-nav-mobile&utm_campaign=blue-evergreen) Login https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm\_source=premium\&utm\_medium=nav-login-box\&utm\_campaign=evergreen [SUBSCRIBE](https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=hamburger-menu&utm_campaign=blue) - [Home](https://www.britannica.com/) - [History & Society](https://www.britannica.com/History-Society) - [Science & Tech](https://www.britannica.com/Science-Tech) - [Biographies](https://www.britannica.com/Biographies) - [Animals & Nature](https://www.britannica.com/Animals-Nature) - [Geography & Travel](https://www.britannica.com/Geography-Travel) - [Arts & Culture](https://www.britannica.com/Arts-Culture) - [ProCon](https://www.britannica.com/procon) - [Money](https://www.britannica.com/money) - [Games & Quizzes](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/browse) - [Videos](https://www.britannica.com/videos) - [On This Day](https://www.britannica.com/on-this-day) - [One Good Fact](https://www.britannica.com/one-good-fact) - [Dictionary](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary) - [New Articles](https://www.britannica.com/new-articles) [History & Society](https://www.britannica.com/History-Society) - [Lifestyles & Social Issues](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Lifestyles-Social-Issues) - [Philosophy & Religion](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Philosophy-Religion) - [Politics, Law & Government](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Politics-Law-Government) - [World History](https://www.britannica.com/browse/World-History) [Science & Tech](https://www.britannica.com/Science-Tech) - [Health & Medicine](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Health-Medicine) - [Science](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Science) - [Technology](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Technology) [Biographies](https://www.britannica.com/Biographies) - [Browse Biographies](https://www.britannica.com/browse/biographies) [Animals & Nature](https://www.britannica.com/Animals-Nature) - [Birds, Reptiles & Other Vertebrates](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Birds-Reptiles-Vertebrates) - [Environment](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Environment) - [Fossils & Geologic Time](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Fossil-Geologic-Time) - [Insects & Other Invertebrates](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Bugs-Mollusks-Invertebrates) - [Mammals](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Mammals) - [Plants](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Plants) [Geography & Travel](https://www.britannica.com/Geography-Travel) - [Geography & Travel](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Geography-Travel) [Arts & Culture](https://www.britannica.com/Arts-Culture) - [Entertainment & Pop Culture](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Entertainment-Pop-Culture) - [Literature](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Literature) - [Sports & Recreation](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Sports-Recreation) - [Visual Arts](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Visual-Arts) - [Image Galleries](https://www.britannica.com/gallery/browse) - [Podcasts](https://www.britannica.com/podcasts) - [Summaries](https://www.britannica.com/summary) - [Top Questions](https://www.britannica.com/question) - [Lists and Stories](https://www.britannica.com/lists-and-stories) - [Britannica Kids](https://kids.britannica.com/) [Ask the Chatbot](https://www.britannica.com/chatbot) [Games & Quizzes](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/browse) [History & Society](https://www.britannica.com/History-Society) [Science & Tech](https://www.britannica.com/Science-Tech) [Biographies](https://www.britannica.com/Biographies) [Animals & Nature](https://www.britannica.com/Animals-Nature) [Geography & Travel](https://www.britannica.com/Geography-Travel) [Arts & Culture](https://www.britannica.com/Arts-Culture) [ProCon](https://www.britannica.com/procon) [Money](https://www.britannica.com/money) [Videos](https://www.britannica.com/videos) [Melania Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump) - [Introduction & Top Questions](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump) - [Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump#ref388550) - [First lady](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump#ref388551) [References & Edit History](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump/additional-info) [Quick Facts & Related Topics](https://www.britannica.com/facts/Melania-Trump) [Images & Videos](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump/images-videos) [![Taking center stage](https://cdn.britannica.com/18/193318-004-8989A587/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg)](https://cdn.britannica.com/18/193318-050-BA5E2B8A/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg) [![Melania Trump](https://cdn.britannica.com/04/216404-004-94D67E18/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)](https://cdn.britannica.com/04/216404-050-2D476C21/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg) [![Donald J. Trump's inauguration as the 45th U.S. president](https://cdn.britannica.com/38/193738-138-0DF541A5/Donald-Trump-president.jpg?w=400&h=225&c=crop)](https://www.britannica.com/video/Donald-Trump-president/-217985) Quizzes [![Washington Monument. Washington Monument and fireworks, Washington DC. The Monument was built as an obelisk near the west end of the National Mall to commemorate the first U.S. president, General George Washington.](https://cdn.britannica.com/09/153009-131-58881A36/Washington-Monument-George-fireworks-obelisk-end-DC.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop)](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/all-american-history-quiz) [All-American History Quiz](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/all-american-history-quiz) [![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https://cdn.britannica.com/89/236189-131-46FF66C0/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop)](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/first-ladies-of-the-united-states) [First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/first-ladies-of-the-united-states) Related Questions - [Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen?](https://www.britannica.com/question/Is-Melania-Trump-a-U-S-citizen) - [Where is Melania Trump from?](https://www.britannica.com/question/Where-is-Melania-Trump-from) - [What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump?](https://www.britannica.com/question/What-did-Melania-Trump-do-before-she-married-Donald-Trump) - [Can President Donald Trump change the name of the Department of Defense to the Department of War?](https://www.britannica.com/question/Can-President-Donald-Trump-change-the-name-of-the-Department-of-Defense-to-the-Department-of-War) - [What was the significance of Donald Trump’s military parade?](https://www.britannica.com/question/What-was-the-significance-of-Donald-Trumps-military-parade) ![Britannica AI Icon](https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-178/images/chatbot/star-ai.svg?v=3.178.5) Contents [Politics, Law & Government](https://www.britannica.com/browse/Politics-Law-Government) [World Leaders](https://www.britannica.com/browse/World-Leaders) [First Ladies](https://www.britannica.com/browse/First-Ladies) print Print Please select which sections you would like to print: CITE verifiedCite While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Select Citation Style Copy Citation Share Share Share to social media [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/BRITANNICA/) [X](https://x.com/britannica) URL <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump> Feedback External Websites Feedback Thank you for your feedback Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. External Websites - [The White House - Melania Trump](https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/people/melania-trump/) Britannica Websites Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. - [Melania Trump - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)](https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Melania-Trump/628396) [![Taking center stage](https://cdn.britannica.com/18/193318-050-BA5E2B8A/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg?w=400&h=300&c=crop)](https://cdn.britannica.com/18/193318-050-BA5E2B8A/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg) [Taking center stage](https://cdn.britannica.com/18/193318-050-BA5E2B8A/Melania-Trump-2016.jpg) Melania Trump speaking at the Republican National Convention, 2016. (more) # Melania Trump American first lady Ask Anything Homework Help Also known as: Melania Knauss, Melanija Knavs Written and fact-checked by [Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....](https://www.britannica.com/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419) Britannica Editors Last updated Apr. 3, 2026 •[History](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Melania-Trump/additional-info#history) ![Britannica AI Icon](https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-178/images/chatbot/star-ai.svg?v=3.178.5) Britannica AI Ask Anything Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask Anything Top Questions ### Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen? Melania Trump is a dual citizen of Slovenia and the United States. She was born Melanija Knavs (Melania Knauss) in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (now [Slovenia](https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovenia)) in 1970. In 1996 she moved to the United States for her modeling career. After a long courtship, she married [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump) in 2005, and the following year she became a U.S. citizen. In 2018 her parents also became U.S. citizens through family-based immigration, a path to citizenship called “chain migration” by critics. ### How tall is Melania Trump? According to various reports, Melania Trump is 5 feet 11 inches (1.8 meters) tall. ### Where is Melania Trump from? Melania Trump was born Melanija Knavs in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (now [Slovenia](https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovenia)) in 1970. Her father sold cars, and her mother worked in the textile industry. She attended the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she moved to the United States to continue her modeling career. She married [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump) in 2005. ### What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump? Melania Trump was working as a model when she met [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump) in 1998. The couple married in 2005 and had a son, Barron Trump, four years later. During this time Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products. In 2025 she launched the production company Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary Melania, which was acquired by Amazon MGM Studios for \$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It is considered one of the largest deals for a documentary. ## News • [Donald Trump and Melania booed at Kennedy Center appearance](https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-melania-booed-kennedy-center-appearance-11766613) • Apr. 1, 2026, 7:49 AM ET (Newsweek) ...(Show more) [Melania Trump shares the spotlight with a robot at an education and technology event](https://www.britannica.com/news/2083890/4753e34c6c80ca49623fec95ba99a275) • Mar. 26, 2026, 1:53 AM ET (AP) [Melania Trump hosts world counterparts and tech reps to discuss children, education and technology](https://www.britannica.com/news/2083890/188128cbb4952b104d3318ae4a2b1c80) • Mar. 24, 2026, 2:40 PM ET (AP) Show less Melania Trump (born April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https://www.britannica.com/place/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \[now in Slovenia\]) is a [Slovenian](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slovene-language) American former [fashion](https://www.britannica.com/topic/fashion-society) model who served as [first lady](https://www.britannica.com/topic/first-lady-United-States-title) of the [United States](https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States) during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump), the 45th and 47th [U.S. president](https://www.britannica.com/topic/presidency-of-the-United-States-of-America). Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after [Louisa Adams](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louisa-Adams). ## Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump Melanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in [Slovenia](https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovenia)), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She [attended](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/attended) the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to [New York](https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-state) by Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for [Sports Illustrated](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sports-Illustrated)’s popular swimsuit edition. Knauss first met Trump in 1998 at a [fashion industry](https://www.britannica.com/art/fashion-industry) party in [New York City](https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-City). He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in [Palm Beach](https://www.britannica.com/place/Palm-Beach-Florida), Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was [Hillary Clinton](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hillary-Clinton). In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products. [![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https://cdn.britannica.com/89/236189-131-46FF66C0/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg) Britannica Quiz First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/first-ladies-of-the-united-states) ## First lady [![Melania Trump](https://cdn.britannica.com/04/216404-050-2D476C21/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg?w=300)](https://cdn.britannica.com/04/216404-050-2D476C21/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg) [Melania Trump](https://cdn.britannica.com/04/216404-050-2D476C21/First-lady-Melania-Trump-2017.jpg)First lady Melania Trump, 2017. (more) In 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa. Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the [Republican National Convention](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Republican-National-Convention) in July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by [Michelle Obama](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelle-Obama) eight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming [plagiarism](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plagiarism). Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of [sexual assault](https://www.britannica.com/topic/sexual-assault) and harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017. Melania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the [White House](https://www.britannica.com/topic/White-House-Washington-DC) until June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best [initiative](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/initiative), which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered. On November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by [Joe Biden](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Biden), though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters [attacked](https://www.britannica.com/event/January-6-U-S-Capitol-attack) the [Capitol](https://www.britannica.com/topic/United-States-Capitol) as Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she [condemned](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/condemned) the violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady [Jill Biden](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jill-Biden) before Donald Trump left office on January 20. Melania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir Melania. In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025. Quick Facts Née: Melania Knauss (Show more) Original name: Melanija Knavs (Show more) Born: April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https://www.britannica.com/place/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \[now in Slovenia\] (age 55) (Show more) Title / Office: [first lady (2025-)](https://www.britannica.com/topic/first-lady-United-States-title) [first lady (2017-2021)](https://www.britannica.com/topic/first-lady-United-States-title) (Show more) Notable Family Members: spouse [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump) (Show more) [See all related content](https://www.britannica.com/facts/Melania-Trump) Explore Britannica Premium\! Trusted knowledge for those who want to know more. [SUBSCRIBE](https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=inline-cta&utm_campaign=shorter-2026) ![Penguin, ship, mountain, atlas](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-left.webp) ![shohei ohtani, plants, andy wharhol art](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-right.webp) ![Mobile](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-mobile.webp?w=400) In November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary Melania (2026), which was [acquired](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/acquired) by Amazon MGM Studios for \$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary. [The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica](https://www.britannica.com/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419)This article was most recently revised and updated by [Amy Tikkanen](https://www.britannica.com/editor/Amy-Tikkanen/6393).
Readable Markdown	Top Questions ### Is Melania Trump a U.S. citizen? ### How tall is Melania Trump? ### Where is Melania Trump from? ### What did Melania Trump do before she married Donald Trump? ## News • Melania Trump (born April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https://www.britannica.com/place/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \[now in Slovenia\]) is a [Slovenian](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slovene-language) American former [fashion](https://www.britannica.com/topic/fashion-society) model who served as [first lady](https://www.britannica.com/topic/first-lady-United-States-title) of the [United States](https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States) during the administrations (2017–21; 2025– ) of her husband, [Donald Trump](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donald-Trump), the 45th and 47th [U.S. president](https://www.britannica.com/topic/presidency-of-the-United-States-of-America). Melania Trump is only the second foreign-born first lady, after [Louisa Adams](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louisa-Adams). ## Modeling and marriage to Donald Trump Melanija Knavs grew up in Sevnica, Yugoslavia (now in [Slovenia](https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovenia)), where her father sold cars and her mother worked in the textile industry. She [attended](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/attended) the University of Ljubljana for one year before leaving to pursue a career in modeling. She found success, first in Slovenia and later—under the name Melania Knauss—in Milan and Paris. In 1996 she was brought to [New York](https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-state) by Paolo Zampolli’s modeling agency. In the course of her career she appeared on the covers of several magazines, and in 2000 she modeled for [Sports Illustrated](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sports-Illustrated)’s popular swimsuit edition. Knauss first met Trump in 1998 at a [fashion industry](https://www.britannica.com/art/fashion-industry) party in [New York City](https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-City). He was then married to Marla Maples, whom he was to divorce in 1999. After a long courtship, Trump and Knauss were married on January 22, 2005, at his estate in [Palm Beach](https://www.britannica.com/place/Palm-Beach-Florida), Florida. It was his third marriage and her first. One of the guests at the wedding was [Hillary Clinton](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hillary-Clinton). In 2006 Melania Trump gave birth to Barron William Trump, her first child and her husband’s fifth. In that year she also became a U.S. citizen. During this time, Melania Trump continued her career. In addition to occasionally modeling, she marketed a line of jewelry sold by the QVC company and developed a line of caviar-based skin care products. [![(From left): First Ladies Barbara Bush, Nancy Reagan, Rosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Pat Nixon, and Lady Bird Johnson at the Dedication of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California; November 4, 1991. (first lady)](https://cdn.britannica.com/89/236189-131-46FF66C0/First-Ladies-dedication-of-Ronald-Reagan-Presidential-Library-November-1991.jpg) Britannica Quiz First Ladies of the United States Quiz](https://www.britannica.com/quiz/first-ladies-of-the-united-states) ## First lady In 2015 Donald Trump announced that he was entering the U.S. presidential race. When he made immigration a central issue, the details of Melania Trump’s own immigration history were scrutinized, including allegations that she worked in the United States before acquiring the appropriate visa. Although Melania Trump did not take a prominent role in the campaign, she spoke at the [Republican National Convention](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Republican-National-Convention) in July 2016. Her speech initially drew praise but was later revealed to contain sentences and phrases similar to those spoken by [Michelle Obama](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelle-Obama) eight years previously. A speechwriter apologized for the seeming [plagiarism](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plagiarism). Melania Trump subsequently maintained a low profile until several weeks before the election, when she defended her husband after a series of women accused him of [sexual assault](https://www.britannica.com/topic/sexual-assault) and harassment. On November 8, 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States, defeating Clinton; he took office on January 20, 2017. Melania Trump initially made few appearances as first lady, and she did not move into the [White House](https://www.britannica.com/topic/White-House-Washington-DC) until June, after her son finished the school year. However, in 2018 she launched the Be Best [initiative](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/initiative), which focused on children. Its main objectives included ending cyberbullying. During her husband’s reelection campaign in 2020, Melania Trump took a limited role, though she spoke at the Republican National Convention in August. Two months later both she and the president tested positive for COVID-19, but both recovered. On November 3, 2020, Donald Trump was defeated by [Joe Biden](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Biden), though he contested the results, alleging voter fraud. On January 6, 2021, his supporters [attacked](https://www.britannica.com/event/January-6-U-S-Capitol-attack) the [Capitol](https://www.britannica.com/topic/United-States-Capitol) as Congress was meeting to certify Biden’s victory. Several days later Melania Trump released a statement in which she [condemned](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/condemned) the violence and complained about “unwarranted personal attacks” against her. Breaking from tradition, she did not host a “tea and tour” with incoming first lady [Jill Biden](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jill-Biden) before Donald Trump left office on January 20. Melania Trump was largely out of the public eye in the years after leaving the White House. In 2022 Donald Trump announced that he was running for president, and she appeared at the 2024 Republican National Convention, where he was officially selected as the party’s nominee. However, she did not speak at the event. Later that year she released the memoir Melania. In November 2024 Donald Trump was reelected president, and the couple returned to the White House in January 2025. Quick Facts Née: Melania Knauss Original name: Melanija Knavs Born: April 26, 1970, [Novo Mesto](https://www.britannica.com/place/Novo-Mesto), Yugoslavia \[now in Slovenia\] (age 55) Trusted knowledge for those who want to know more. [SUBSCRIBE](https://premium.britannica.com/premium-membership/?utm_source=premium&utm_medium=inline-cta&utm_campaign=shorter-2026) ![Penguin, ship, mountain, atlas](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-left.webp) ![shohei ohtani, plants, andy wharhol art](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-right.webp) ![Mobile](https://cdn.britannica.com/marketing/inline-mobile.webp?w=400) In November 2025 Melania Trump announced the launch of her production company, Muse Films. Its first project was the documentary Melania (2026), which was [acquired](https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/acquired) by Amazon MGM Studios for \$40 million; the deal also included a future docuseries. It was one of the largest deals for a documentary.
Shard	62 (laksa)
Root Hash	5455945239613777662
Unparsed URL	com,britannica!www,/biography/Melania-Trump s443