🕷️ Crawler Inspector

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Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 17 (from laksa138)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa017.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/schizophrenia\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/schizophrenia\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia","crawl_time":1776591509,"first_indexed_time":1670859541,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,baptisthealth!www,\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia s443","src_root_hash":"6356317543804991217","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Schizophrenia | Types, Signs & Symptoms | Baptist Health","meta_descriptions":["Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental illness. Learn the signs of schizophrenia as well as how to treat and manage it from Baptist Health."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"What is Schizophrenia?\nSchizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services.\nTypes of Schizophrenia\nPreviously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including:\nParanoid Schizophrenia\nCatatonic Schizophrenia\nSchizoaffective Disorder\nChildhood Schizophrenia\nDisorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic\nHowever, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient.\nSchizophrenia Symptoms\nThe onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period:\nDelusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him\nHallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there.\nDisorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas\nVery disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity\nNegative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation\nThe symptoms above can be categorized into three categories:\nPositive\nschizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations\nNegative\nsymptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning\nCognitive\n schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems. \nEarly Signs of Schizophrenia\nSome early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include:\nHearing or seeing something that isn't there\nConstant feeling of being watched\nA change in personality\nIf you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms.\nOther symptoms of schizophrenia include:\nA markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care\nContinuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above\nSchizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations.\nDiagnosis\nDiagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition.\nDiagnostic tests include:\nPhysical examination:\nYour provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms.\nPsychiatric evaluation:\nYour behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms.\nCauses\nThe cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia.\nSchizophrenia Risk Factors\nRisk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include:\nFamily history:\nSchizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence.\nFather’s age:\nA child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father.\nIncreased immune system activity:\nSome autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia.\nPregnancy or birth complications:\nMalnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development.\nPsychoactive or psychotropic drug use:\nTaking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk.\nPrevention\nSchizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope.\nStick to your treatment plan:\nTherapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms.\nSeek support:\nJoining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities.\nTry\nrelaxation and stress-management techniques\n: Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought.\nPrognosis\nThere is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives.\nTreatment\nMost people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional.\nMedication\nAntipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose. \nOther medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice.\nPsychosocial Interventions\nAfter symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include:\nPsychotherapy to normalize thought patterns\nSocial skills training\nFamily therapy, which provides support and education\nOccupational rehabilitation and supported employment\nHospitalization\nDuring crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene.\nElectroconvulsive Therapy\nThese treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and\/or talk therapy.\nComplications\nComplications of untreated schizophrenia can include:\nAbuse of alcohol or drugs\nAnxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)\nDepression\nHomelessness\nInability to work or attend school\nLegal and financial problems\nMedical problems\nOverall poor health\nSelf-injury\nSocial isolation\nSuicidal thoughts or actions","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia#main) [Skip to navigation](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia#nav) [Skip to search](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia#search-toggle-desktop) [Skip to search](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments\/schizophrenia#search-toggle-mobile)\n\n[![Baptist Health Logo](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/-\/media\/images\/site-assets\/bhslogo.svg?rev=85582a7caf1d49338532badbc81ab793)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/)\n\n- [Care and Services](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services)\n- [Patients & Visitors](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/patients-visitors)\n- [Connect & Learn](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/connect-learn)\n- [Careers](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/careers)\n- [About](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/about)\n- [Blog](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/blog)\n\n###\n- [Search Providers](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers)\n- [Search Locations](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/locations)\n- [Find Care Now](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/care-finder)\n\nClose search flyout\n\nSet Your Location Update\n\nProviding your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors.\n\nSet location with city or ZIP\n\nSet\n\nOr...\n\nUse my current location\n\n- Set your location\n- Change your location\n- to see results near you\n- Near\n\n- Set Your Location\n- Update\n- Clear Location\n\n- [Find a Location](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/locations)\n- [Find a Provider](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers)\n- [Make an Appointment](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/make-an-appointment)\n- [MyChart](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/mychart)\n- [Give](https:\/\/www.supportbaptisthealth.org\/)\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/)\n- [Care & Services](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services)\n- [Conditions & Treatments](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments)\n- Schizophrenia\n\n[![Baptist Health Logo](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/-\/media\/images\/site-assets\/bhslogo.svg?rev=85582a7caf1d49338532badbc81ab793)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/)\n\n- [Find a Location](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/locations)\n- [Find a Provider](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers)\n\nSet Your Location Update\n\nProviding your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors.\n\nSet location with city or ZIP\n\nSet\n\nOr...\n\nUse my current location\n\n- Set my preferred location\n- Change my preferred location\n- to show options closest to me\n- Near\n\n- Set Your location\n- Update\n- Clear Location\n\n- [Care and Services]()\n  - 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[Urgent Care](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/urgent-care)\n    Expand Urgent Care section\n    - [Common Conditions](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/urgent-care\/common-conditions)\n    - [Urgent Care Services](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/urgent-care\/urgent-care-services)\n    - [Urgent Care Check-In](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/urgent-care\/urgent-care-check-in)\n    - [Urgent Care Video Visits](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/urgent-care\/urgent-care-video-visits)\n  - [Emergency Care](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/emergency-care)\n    Expand Emergency Care section\n    - [Conditions We Treat](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/emergency-care\/conditions-we-treat)\n    - [Critical Care and Life Support](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/emergency-care\/critical-care-life-support)\n    - [Emergency Care Services vs. Urgent Care Services](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/emergency-care\/emergency-care-services-vs-urgent-care-services)\n    - [Test Results](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/emergency-care\/test-results)\n  - [ER & Urgent Care](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/er-urgent-care)\n    Expand ER & Urgent Care section\n    - [Conditions We Treat](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/er-urgent-care\/conditions-we-treat)\n    - [Frequently Asked Questions](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/er-urgent-care\/faq)\n  - [Care Finder](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care\/care-finder)\n- [Conditions & Treatments](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/conditions-treatments)\n\nRelated Services\n\n[Behavioral Health](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/services\/behavioral-health)\n\n[Schizophrenia Spectrum & Other Psychotic Disorders](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/services\/behavioral-health\/conditions-we-treat\/schizophrenia-spectrum-and-other-psychotic-disorders)\n\n# Schizophrenia\n## What is Schizophrenia?\nSchizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services.\n\n## Types of Schizophrenia\nPreviously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including:\n\n- Paranoid Schizophrenia\n- Catatonic Schizophrenia\n- Schizoaffective Disorder\n- Childhood Schizophrenia\n- Disorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic\n\nHowever, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient.\n\n## Schizophrenia Symptoms\nThe onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period:\n\n- Delusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him\n- Hallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there.\n- Disorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas\n- Very disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity\n- Negative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation\n\nThe symptoms above can be categorized into three categories:\n\n- **Positive** schizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations\n- **Negative** symptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning\n- **Cognitive** schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems.\n\n# Find a Specialist\nSet your location\n\nProviding your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors.\n\nSet location with city or ZIP\n\nSet\n\nOr...\n\nUse my current location\n\nLoading Results\n\n- [![Chonda Saettel, LCSW](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/saettel-chonda-1124664677.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/chonda-saettel-lcsw-behavioral-health)  ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [Chonda Saettel, LCSW](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/chonda-saettel-lcsw-behavioral-health)\n  \n  Behavioral Health\n  \n  Accepting New Patients\n  \n  [270-272-0000](tel:270-272-0000)\n- [![Chelsen Larkey, LPCC](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/larkey-chelsen-1336585678.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/chelsen-larkey-lpcc-behavioral-health)  ![Baptist Health 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![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [Tiffany Whitson, APRN](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/tiffany-whitson-aprn-psychiatry)\n  \n  Psychiatry\n  \n  Accepting New Patients\n  \n  [606-528-0305](tel:606-528-0305)\n- [![April Lee Smith, APRN](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/smith-april-1851271415.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/april-lee-smith-aprn-behavioral-health)  ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [April Lee Smith, APRN](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/april-lee-smith-aprn-behavioral-health)\n  \n  Behavioral Health\n  \n  Accepting New Patients\n  \n  [859-544-8171](tel:859-544-8171)\n- [![David J Zoeller, MD](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/zoeller-david-1194708776.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/david-j-zoeller-md-addiction-medicine-psychiatry)  ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [David J Zoeller, MD](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/david-j-zoeller-md-addiction-medicine-psychiatry)\n  \n  Addiction Medicine, Psychiatry\n  \n  [270-979-2389](tel:270-979-2389)\n- [![Elaine Passow Capobianco, LCSW](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/capobianco-elaine-1417176074.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/elaine-passow-capobianco-lcsw-behavioral-health)  ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [Elaine Passow Capobianco, LCSW](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/elaine-passow-capobianco-lcsw-behavioral-health)\n  \n  Behavioral Health\n  \n  Accepting New Patients\n  \n  [606-526-4429](tel:606-526-4429)\n- [![Emily M Newton, APRN](https:\/\/cdn-images.kyruus.com\/providermatch\/baptisthealthky\/photos\/orig\/newton-emily-1215713508.jpg)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/emily-m-newton-aprn-psychiatry)  ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/bhmg-logo.svg)\n  [Emily M Newton, APRN](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/emily-m-newton-aprn-psychiatry)\n  \n  Psychiatry\n  \n  [270-979-7171](tel:270-979-7171)\n\n[See All Related Providers](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers\/results?clinical_keywords=schizophrenia)\n\n## Early Signs of Schizophrenia\nSome early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include:\n\n- Hearing or seeing something that isn't there\n- Constant feeling of being watched\n- A change in personality\n\nIf you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms.\n\nOther symptoms of schizophrenia include:\n\n- A markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care\n- Continuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above\n\nSchizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations.\n\n## Diagnosis\nDiagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition.\n\nDiagnostic tests include:\n\n**Physical examination:** Your provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms.\n\n**Psychiatric evaluation:** Your behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms.\n\n## Causes\nThe cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia.\n\n### Schizophrenia Risk Factors\nRisk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include:\n\n**Family history:** Schizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence.\n\n**Father’s age:** A child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father.\n\n**Increased immune system activity:** Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia.\n\n**Pregnancy or birth complications:** Malnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development.\n\n**Psychoactive or psychotropic drug use:** Taking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk.\n\n### Prevention\nSchizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope.\n\n**Stick to your treatment plan:** Therapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms.\n\n**Seek support:** Joining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities.\n\n**Try** **relaxation and stress-management techniques**: Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought.\n\n## Prognosis\nThere is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives.\n\n### Treatment\nMost people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional.\n\n**Medication** Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose.\n\nOther medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice.\n\n**Psychosocial Interventions** After symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include:\n\n- Psychotherapy to normalize thought patterns\n- Social skills training\n- Family therapy, which provides support and education\n- Occupational rehabilitation and supported employment\n\n**Hospitalization** During crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene.\n\n**Electroconvulsive Therapy** These treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and\/or talk therapy.\n\n### Complications\nComplications of untreated schizophrenia can include:\n\n- Abuse of alcohol or drugs\n- Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)\n- Depression\n- Homelessness\n- Inability to work or attend school\n- Legal and financial problems\n- Medical problems\n- Overall poor health\n- Self-injury\n- Social isolation\n- Suicidal thoughts or actions\n\n# Featured Locations\nSet your location\n\nProviding your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors.\n\nSet location with city or ZIP\n\nSet\n\nOr...\n\nUse my current location\n\nLoading Results\n\n[See All Related Locations](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/locations?specialty=schizophrenia)\n\n- Location details\n- mi\n- Near\n\n## Next Steps with MyChart\nDiscover MyChart, a free patient portal that combines your Baptist Health medical records into one location. 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If you have questions, give us a call.\n\n[Sign up for MyChart](https:\/\/mychart.baptisthealth.com\/MyChart\/signup)\n\n[502\\.253.4820](tel:5022534820)\n\n[![Baptist Health Logo White](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/-\/media\/images\/site-assets\/bhslogowhite.svg?rev=87f7fd997abf4c66a74cd85bc3ee8ca2)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/)\n\n[1901 Campus Place Louisville, KY 40299](https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/39AR96V7U1qNPzp66)\n\n[502-896-5000](tel:5028965000)\n\nDownload Our MyHealth App:\n\n[![App Store Logo](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/app-store.svg)](https:\/\/baptisthealth.page.link\/badge)   [![Google Play Logo](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/assets\/images\/static\/google-play.svg)](https:\/\/baptisthealth.page.link\/badge)\n\n- Resources\n- [About](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/about)\n- [Types of Care](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/types-of-care)\n- [Services](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/care-services\/services)\n- [Medical Records](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/patients-visitors\/after-your-visit\/medical-records)\n- [Health Risk Assessments](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/patients-visitors\/planning\/health-risk-assessments)\n- [Careers](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/careers)\n- [Give](https:\/\/www.supportbaptisthealth.org\/)\n- [Blog](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/blog)\n- [EpicCare Link](https:\/\/epiccarelink.baptisthealth.com\/EpicCareLink\/common\/epic_login.asp)\n- [Price Transparency](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/patients-visitors\/planning\/price-transparency)\n\n- Language Assistance\n- [ةيبرعلا (Arabic)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-arabic)\n- [中文 (Chinese Simplified)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-chinese-simplified)\n- [Français (French)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-french)\n- [한국어 (Korean)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-korean)\n- [नेपाली (Nepali)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-nepali)\n- [Ρусский (Russian)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-russian)\n- [Español (Spanish)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-spanish)\n- [Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-vietnamese)\n- [Українською мовою (Ukrainian)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-ukrainian)\n- [Kiswahili (Swahili)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-swahili)\n- [Haitian](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-haitian)\n- [Khmern (Khmer)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-khmern)\n- [босански (Bosnian)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-bosnian)\n- [Hindi](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-hindi)\n- [Ikinyarwanda (Kinyarwanda)](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility\/nondiscrimination-accessibility-policy-kinyarwanda)\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/)\n- [Find a Location](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/locations)\n- [Find a Provider](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/providers)\n- [Make an Appointment](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/make-an-appointment)\n- [MyChart](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/mychart)\n\n- [Facebook Link](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/BaptistHealthSystem)\n- [Twitter Link](https:\/\/twitter.com\/BaptistHealth)\n- [Instagram Link](https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/baptisthealth.system\/)\n- [YouTube Link](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCmW6yHmtR20sP5QXJxqPTEg)\n\n- [Website And Privacy Information](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/website-privacy-information)\n- [Website Terms Of Use](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/website-privacy-information\/website-terms-of-use)\n- [Compliance](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/website-privacy-information\/compliance)\n- [Nondiscrimination & Accessibility](https:\/\/www.baptisthealth.com\/nondiscrimination-accessibility)\n- © Baptist Health 2026","attrs_readable_markdown":"## What is Schizophrenia?\nSchizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services.\n\n## Types of Schizophrenia\nPreviously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including:\n\n- Paranoid Schizophrenia\n- Catatonic Schizophrenia\n- Schizoaffective Disorder\n- Childhood Schizophrenia\n- Disorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic\n\nHowever, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient.\n\n## Schizophrenia Symptoms\nThe onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period:\n\n- Delusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him\n- Hallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there.\n- Disorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas\n- Very disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity\n- Negative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation\n\nThe symptoms above can be categorized into three categories:\n\n- **Positive** schizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations\n- **Negative** symptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning\n- **Cognitive** schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems.\n\n## Early Signs of Schizophrenia\nSome early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include:\n\n- Hearing or seeing something that isn't there\n- Constant feeling of being watched\n- A change in personality\n\nIf you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms.\n\nOther symptoms of schizophrenia include:\n\n- A markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care\n- Continuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above\n\nSchizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations.\n\n## Diagnosis\nDiagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition.\n\nDiagnostic tests include:\n\n**Physical examination:** Your provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms.\n\n**Psychiatric evaluation:** Your behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms.\n\n## Causes\nThe cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia.\n\n### Schizophrenia Risk Factors\nRisk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include:\n\n**Family history:** Schizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence.\n\n**Father’s age:** A child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father.\n\n**Increased immune system activity:** Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia.\n\n**Pregnancy or birth complications:** Malnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development.\n\n**Psychoactive or psychotropic drug use:** Taking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk.\n\n### Prevention\nSchizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope.\n\n**Stick to your treatment plan:** Therapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms.\n\n**Seek support:** Joining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities.\n\n**Try** **relaxation and stress-management techniques**: Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought.\n\n## Prognosis\nThere is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives.\n\n### Treatment\nMost people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional.\n\n**Medication** Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose.\n\nOther medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice.\n\n**Psychosocial Interventions** After symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include:\n\n- Psychotherapy to normalize thought patterns\n- Social skills training\n- Family therapy, which provides support and education\n- Occupational rehabilitation and supported employment\n\n**Hospitalization** During crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene.\n\n**Electroconvulsive Therapy** These treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and\/or talk therapy.\n\n### Complications\nComplications of untreated schizophrenia can include:\n\n- Abuse of alcohol or drugs\n- Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)\n- Depression\n- Homelessness\n- Inability to work or attend school\n- Legal and financial problems\n- Medical problems\n- Overall poor health\n- Self-injury\n- Social isolation\n- Suicidal thoughts or actions","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/schizophrenia
Last Crawled	2026-04-19 09:38:29 (2 days ago)
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Meta Title	Schizophrenia \| Types, Signs & Symptoms \| Baptist Health
Meta Description	Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental illness. Learn the signs of schizophrenia as well as how to treat and manage it from Baptist Health.
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Boilerpipe Text	What is Schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services. Types of Schizophrenia Previously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including: Paranoid Schizophrenia Catatonic Schizophrenia Schizoaffective Disorder Childhood Schizophrenia Disorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic However, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient. Schizophrenia Symptoms The onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period: Delusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him Hallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there. Disorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas Very disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity Negative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation The symptoms above can be categorized into three categories: Positive schizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations Negative symptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning Cognitive schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems. Early Signs of Schizophrenia Some early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include: Hearing or seeing something that isn't there Constant feeling of being watched A change in personality If you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms. Other symptoms of schizophrenia include: A markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care Continuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above Schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations. Diagnosis Diagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition. Diagnostic tests include: Physical examination: Your provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms. Psychiatric evaluation: Your behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms. Causes The cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Risk Factors Risk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include: Family history: Schizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence. Father’s age: A child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father. Increased immune system activity: Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia. Pregnancy or birth complications: Malnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development. Psychoactive or psychotropic drug use: Taking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk. Prevention Schizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope. Stick to your treatment plan: Therapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms. Seek support: Joining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities. Try relaxation and stress-management techniques : Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought. Prognosis There is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives. Treatment Most people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional. Medication Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose. Other medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice. Psychosocial Interventions After symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include: Psychotherapy to normalize thought patterns Social skills training Family therapy, which provides support and education Occupational rehabilitation and supported employment Hospitalization During crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene. Electroconvulsive Therapy These treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and/or talk therapy. Complications Complications of untreated schizophrenia can include: Abuse of alcohol or drugs Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Depression Homelessness Inability to work or attend school Legal and financial problems Medical problems Overall poor health Self-injury Social isolation Suicidal thoughts or actions
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Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services. ## Types of Schizophrenia Previously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including: - Paranoid Schizophrenia - Catatonic Schizophrenia - Schizoaffective Disorder - Childhood Schizophrenia - Disorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic However, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient. ## Schizophrenia Symptoms The onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period: - Delusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him - Hallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there. - Disorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas - Very disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity - Negative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation The symptoms above can be categorized into three categories: - Positive schizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations - Negative symptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning - Cognitive schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems. # Find a Specialist Set your location Providing your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors. 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Use my current location Loading Results - [![Chonda Saettel, LCSW](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/saettel-chonda-1124664677.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/chonda-saettel-lcsw-behavioral-health) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Chonda Saettel, LCSW](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/chonda-saettel-lcsw-behavioral-health) Behavioral Health Accepting New Patients [270-272-0000](tel:270-272-0000) - [![Chelsen Larkey, LPCC](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/larkey-chelsen-1336585678.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/chelsen-larkey-lpcc-behavioral-health) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Chelsen Larkey, LPCC](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/chelsen-larkey-lpcc-behavioral-health) Behavioral Health Accepting New Patients - [![Rebecca Wright, LCSW](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/wright-rebecca-1518282706.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/rebecca-wright-lcsw-behavioral-health) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Rebecca Wright, LCSW](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/rebecca-wright-lcsw-behavioral-health) Behavioral Health Accepting New Patients [606-526-4429](tel:606-526-4429) - [![Tiffany Whitson, APRN](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/whitson-tiffany-1255909008.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/tiffany-whitson-aprn-psychiatry) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Tiffany Whitson, APRN](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/tiffany-whitson-aprn-psychiatry) Psychiatry Accepting New Patients [606-528-0305](tel:606-528-0305) - [![April Lee Smith, APRN](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/smith-april-1851271415.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/april-lee-smith-aprn-behavioral-health) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [April Lee Smith, APRN](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/april-lee-smith-aprn-behavioral-health) Behavioral Health Accepting New Patients [859-544-8171](tel:859-544-8171) - [![David J Zoeller, MD](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/zoeller-david-1194708776.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/david-j-zoeller-md-addiction-medicine-psychiatry) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [David J Zoeller, MD](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/david-j-zoeller-md-addiction-medicine-psychiatry) Addiction Medicine, Psychiatry [270-979-2389](tel:270-979-2389) - [![Elaine Passow Capobianco, LCSW](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/capobianco-elaine-1417176074.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/elaine-passow-capobianco-lcsw-behavioral-health) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Elaine Passow Capobianco, LCSW](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/elaine-passow-capobianco-lcsw-behavioral-health) Behavioral Health Accepting New Patients [606-526-4429](tel:606-526-4429) - [![Emily M Newton, APRN](https://cdn-images.kyruus.com/providermatch/baptisthealthky/photos/orig/newton-emily-1215713508.jpg)](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/emily-m-newton-aprn-psychiatry) ![Baptist Health Medical Group](https://www.baptisthealth.com/assets/images/static/bhmg-logo.svg) [Emily M Newton, APRN](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/emily-m-newton-aprn-psychiatry) Psychiatry [270-979-7171](tel:270-979-7171) [See All Related Providers](https://www.baptisthealth.com/providers/results?clinical_keywords=schizophrenia) ## Early Signs of Schizophrenia Some early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include: - Hearing or seeing something that isn't there - Constant feeling of being watched - A change in personality If you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms. Other symptoms of schizophrenia include: - A markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care - Continuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above Schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations. ## Diagnosis Diagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition. Diagnostic tests include: Physical examination: Your provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms. Psychiatric evaluation: Your behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms. ## Causes The cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia. ### Schizophrenia Risk Factors Risk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include: Family history: Schizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence. Father’s age: A child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father. Increased immune system activity: Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia. Pregnancy or birth complications: Malnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development. Psychoactive or psychotropic drug use: Taking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk. ### Prevention Schizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope. Stick to your treatment plan: Therapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms. Seek support: Joining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities. Try relaxation and stress-management techniques: Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought. ## Prognosis There is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives. ### Treatment Most people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional. Medication Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose. Other medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice. Psychosocial Interventions After symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include: - Psychotherapy to normalize thought patterns - Social skills training - Family therapy, which provides support and education - Occupational rehabilitation and supported employment Hospitalization During crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene. Electroconvulsive Therapy These treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and/or talk therapy. ### Complications Complications of untreated schizophrenia can include: - Abuse of alcohol or drugs - Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - Depression - Homelessness - Inability to work or attend school - Legal and financial problems - Medical problems - Overall poor health - Self-injury - Social isolation - Suicidal thoughts or actions # Featured Locations Set your location Providing your location allows us to show you nearby locations and doctors. Set location with city or ZIP Set Or... Use my current location Loading Results [See All Related Locations](https://www.baptisthealth.com/locations?specialty=schizophrenia) - Location details - mi - Near ## Next Steps with MyChart Discover MyChart, a free patient portal that combines your Baptist Health medical records into one location. 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Readable Markdown	## What is Schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects approximately one percent of the population. Symptoms include losing touch with reality, disruption to normal emotions and behaviors as well as memory problems. Schizophrenia is a treatable mental disorder, but it requires lifelong management. Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of things, including genetics, environment and brain chemistry. While there is no cure for this disorder, it can be managed through medication, psychotherapy and other care services. ## Types of Schizophrenia Previously there were several schizophrenia types classified underneath the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, including: - Paranoid Schizophrenia - Catatonic Schizophrenia - Schizoaffective Disorder - Childhood Schizophrenia - Disorganized or Hebephrenic Schizophrenic However, in 2013 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-V) changed the classification of these types to be included under the general diagnosis of Schizophrenia. The reason behind the elimination of these subtypes was due to the low reliability of of diagnosis of these types, as well as the fact that they did not help determine the best treatment for each patient. ## Schizophrenia Symptoms The onset of schizophrenia is typically in the late teens to early 20s for men, and in the late 20s to early 30s for women. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must show two or more of the following symptoms, each present for a significant period of time during a one-month period: - Delusions: False or erroneous beliefs that usually involve a misinterpretation of perceptions or experiences. Someone may feel as if he’s being ridiculed, spied on or followed, or he may believe comments, song lyrics, newspaper articles or other environmental cues are directed at him - Hallucinations: These are commonly auditory (hearing voices), but some people with schizophrenia also report seeing, smelling, touching and even tasting things that aren’t there. - Disorganized speech, classified by incoherence or speaking about unrelated ideas - Very disorganized or catatonic behavior, classified by a dramatic reduction in activity - Negative symptoms, like diminished emotional expression or decreased motivation The symptoms above can be categorized into three categories: - Positive schizophrenia symptoms are delusions, racing thoughts or hallucinations - Negative symptoms of schizophrenia disorder are apathy, lack of emotion and poor social functioning - Cognitive schizophrenia symptoms are difficulty concentrating, following instruction, organizing thoughts, or memory problems. ## Early Signs of Schizophrenia Some early signs of Schizophrenia that can be an indicator of Schizophrenia, include: - Hearing or seeing something that isn't there - Constant feeling of being watched - A change in personality If you or someone you know is experiencing any signs of Schizophrenia for an entended period of time, please reach out to a mental health provider. Baptist Health has many mental health professionals who can meet with you and determine a correct diagnosis for your symptoms. Other symptoms of schizophrenia include: - A markedly decreased level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work, interpersonal relations or self-care - Continuous signs of a behavioral disturbance persisting for at least six months, with at least one month of the symptoms mentioned above Schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features can be ruled out if either no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred alongside symptoms or if a person’s mood episodes are only apparent while he or she is exhibiting the major symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms must not be attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (alcohol, drugs, medication) or another medical condition. If someone is on the autism spectrum, his or her diagnosis requires the presence of prominent delusions or hallucinations. ## Diagnosis Diagnosing schizophrenia requires a thorough physical and psychological evaluation. Your behavioral health provider will use the criteria for schizophrenia listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if your symptoms indicate the condition. Diagnostic tests include: Physical examination: Your provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your health to determine if your symptoms could be linked to an underlying physical health problem, medication side effects or unhealthy behaviors (like drug use). Your provider may also order tests – like an MRI or CT scan – that help rule out conditions with similar symptoms. Psychiatric evaluation: Your behavioral health provider will observe your appearance and demeanor and ask questions about your general thoughts, moods, delusions, hallucinations, substance use and thoughts of violence or suicide. You will likely discuss your personal and family history of these symptoms. ## Causes The cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but researchers think a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environmental factors contributes to its development. Problems with brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, may contribute to schizophrenia. And, imaging studies have shown differences in brain and central nervous system structures of people with schizophrenia. ### Schizophrenia Risk Factors Risk factors that could contribute to schizophrenia include: Family history: Schizophrenia appears to have some genetic influence. Father’s age: A child’s chance of developing schizophrenia may increase with the age of his or her father. Increased immune system activity: Some autoimmune or inflammatory conditions appear to carry an increased risk for schizophrenia. Pregnancy or birth complications: Malnutrition and exposure to certain pathogens or toxins may impact brain development. Psychoactive or psychotropic drug use: Taking mind-altering drugs, especially during the teen years and young adulthood, may increase a person’s risk. ### Prevention Schizophrenia cannot be prevented. But there are some lifestyle adjustments and self-care strategies that can help you cope. Stick to your treatment plan: Therapy, counseling and medications prescribed by your provider are the best ways to manage your symptoms. Seek support: Joining a support group can help you connect with others facing similar issues and discuss helpful management strategies. And social services may be able to assist you with affordable housing, transportation and other daily activities. Try relaxation and stress-management techniques: Explore yoga, gentle exercise routines, meditation and other practices that encourage muscle relaxation, deep breathing, balance and positive thought. ## Prognosis There is no known cure for schizophrenia, but treatments can reduce symptoms, decrease the likelihood that new episodes of psychosis will occur, shorten the duration of psychotic episodes and help people with schizophrenia live productive and satisfying lives. ### Treatment Most people with schizophrenia benefit from a combination of medication and psychotherapy delivered by a psychiatrist, psychologist or other behavioral health professional. Medication Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs for schizophrenia. They’re thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. Your provider will manage your signs and symptoms at the lowest possible dose. Other medications also may help, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs. It can take several weeks to notice an improvement with any of these drugs. And, because medications for schizophrenia can cause serious side effects, people may be reluctant to take them. Willingness to cooperate with treatment may affect a provider’s drug choice. Psychosocial Interventions After symptoms subside with medication, these interventions are important for mental health maintenance. They may include: - Psychotherapy to normalize thought patterns - Social skills training - Family therapy, which provides support and education - Occupational rehabilitation and supported employment Hospitalization During crisis periods, people with schizophrenia may be hospitalized to prevent self-harm and ensure safety, proper nutrition, adequate sleep and basic hygiene. Electroconvulsive Therapy These treatments are typically reserved for people who do not respond to medication(s) and/or talk therapy. ### Complications Complications of untreated schizophrenia can include: - Abuse of alcohol or drugs - Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - Depression - Homelessness - Inability to work or attend school - Legal and financial problems - Medical problems - Overall poor health - Self-injury - Social isolation - Suicidal thoughts or actions
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