🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 174 (from laksa166)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa174.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia","crawl_time":1775685575,"first_indexed_time":1530399833,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,alz!www,\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia s443","src_root_hash":"17503145748149816974","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"What is Dementia? Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | alz.org","meta_descriptions":["Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\nBe a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\nThe millions of people impacted by this disease need your help. Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today.\nDonate Now\nWhat is Dementia?\nAbout Alzheimer's & Dementia\nIs Alzheimer's Genetic?\nCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease\nDementia with Lewy Bodies\nDown Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease\nFrontotemporal Dementia\nHuntington's Disease\nMixed Dementia\nNormal Pressure Hydrocephalus\nPosterior Cortical Atrophy\nParkinson's Disease Dementia\nVascular Dementia\nKorsakoff Syndrome\nChronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)\nMild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)\nAnosognosia\nTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI)\nTrialMatch: Find Clinical Research for Alzheimer's and Other Dementia\nWhat Are Clinical Trials?\nHow Clinical Trials Work\nWhen Clinical Trials End\nWhy Participate in a Clinical Trial?\nTalk to Your Doctor\nClinical Trials: Myths vs. Facts\nDementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia.\nSubscribe to E-News\nto learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's.\nAbout dementia\nSymptoms\nCauses\nDiagnosis\nTreatments\nRisk and prevention\nAbout dementia\nDementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including\nAlzheimer's disease\n. Diseases grouped under the general term \"dementia\" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships.\nAlzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases.\nVascular dementia\n, which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have\nmixed dementia\n. There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies.\nDementia is often incorrectly referred to as \"senility\" or \"senile dementia,\" which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging.\nLearn more:\nCommon Types of Dementia\n,\nWhat is Alzheimer's?\nKnow the 10 signs\nFind out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias.\nSymptoms and signs of dementia\nSigns of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with:\nShort-term memory.\nKeeping track of a purse or wallet.\nPaying bills.\nPlanning and preparing meals.\nRemembering appointments.\nTraveling out of the neighborhood.\nDementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them.\nSee a doctor\nsoon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to\nvolunteer for clinical trials or studies\n.\nIt also provides time to plan for the future.\nLearn more:\n10 Warning Signs\n,\nStages of Alzheimer's\nCauses\nDementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected.\nThe brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally.\nTake our free e-learning course\nUnderstanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more.\nDifferent types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's.\nWhile most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed:\nDepression.\nMedication side effects.\nExcess use of alcohol.\nThyroid problems.\nVitamin deficiencies.\nDiagnosis of dementia\nThere is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose \"dementia\" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a\nneurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician\n.\nLearn more:\nMemory Tests\nDementia help and support are available\nIf you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support.\nCall our 24\/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900\nSee our\ncaregiving information\nfor Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers\nLocate a\nsupport group\nin your community\nDonate to fight Alzheimer's\nThe first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you.\nDementia treatment and care\nTreatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments —\ndonanemab (Kisunla®\n)\nand\nlecanemab (Leqembi®)\n— demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same\nmedications used to treat Alzheimer's\nare among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of\nother types of dementias\n.\nNon-drug therapies\ncan also alleviate some symptoms of dementia.\nDementia risk and prevention\nSome\nrisk factors\nfor dementia, such as age and\ngenetics,\ncannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia.\nLearn more:\nBrain Health\nDon't just hope for a cure. Help us find one.\nLearn More","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to Content](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#content)\n\nMenu Close\n\n[![Return to the home page](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/9835cc37-036e-4930-b77d-467a25c9db31\/alz-stacked-rgb.png)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/)\n\n- About Alzheimer's & Dementia\n  Close\n  \n  Go Back\n  \n  About Alzheimer's & Dementia\n  \n  [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia)\n  \n  - [Know the Early Signs of Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10_signs)\n  - [What is Alzheimer's Disease?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers)\n  - [What is Dementia?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia)\n  - [Alzheimer's Disease vs. Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/difference-between-dementia-and-alzheimer-s)\n  - [Assessing Symptoms & Seeking Help](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/memory-loss-concerns)\n  - [10 Steps to Approach Memory Concerns in Others](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10-steps)\n  - [How is Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosed?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis)\n  - [Stages of Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/stages)\n  - [Research & Progress](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress)\n  - [Treatments & Medications](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments)\n  - [Alzheimer's Disease Facts & Figures](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/facts-figures)\n  - [Now is the Best Time to Talk About Alzheimer's Together](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/timetotalk)\n  \n  [![Help us fight Alzheimer's and all other dementia. Donate now.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/3c16819a-e85d-47d7-99f5-b95ef7b35a3c\/dm-megamenu-help-us-fight-alzheimers-dementia.webp?ext=.webp%20width=)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNHQBATPPH)\n- Help & Support\n  Close\n  \n  Go Back\n  \n  Help & Support\n  \n  [Help & Support](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support)\n  \n  - [I Have Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/i-have-alz)\n  - [Caregiving](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/caregiving)\n  - [Resources](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/resources)\n  - [Brain Health](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/brain_health)\n  - [Find Community Support](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/community)\n  - [24\/7 Helpline](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/resources\/helpline)\n  \n  [![Help us fight Alzheimer's and all other dementia. Donate now.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/3c16819a-e85d-47d7-99f5-b95ef7b35a3c\/dm-megamenu-help-us-fight-alzheimers-dementia.webp?ext=.webp%20width=)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNHQBATPPH)\n- Research\n  Close\n  \n  Go Back\n  \n  Research\n  \n  [Research](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/research)\n  \n  - [Research & Progress](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress)\n  - [For Professional Researchers](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/research\/for_researchers)\n  \n  [![Help us fight Alzheimer's and all other dementia. Donate now.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/3c16819a-e85d-47d7-99f5-b95ef7b35a3c\/dm-megamenu-help-us-fight-alzheimers-dementia.webp?ext=.webp%20width=)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNHQBATPPH)\n- Get Involved\n  Close\n  \n  Go Back\n  \n  Get Involved\n  \n  [Get Involved](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now)\n  \n  - [Participate in an Event](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/fundraising_events)\n  - [Make a Donation](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/donate)\n  - [Volunteer](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/volunteer)\n  - [Become an Advocate](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/advocate)\n  - [Planned Giving](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/planned-giving)\n  - [Tribute Pages](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/tribute-pages)\n  - [Other Ways to Give](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/other_ways_to_give)\n  - [Shop for the Cause](https:\/\/shop.alz.org\/)\n  - [Partners & Sponsors](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/get-involved-now\/our-partners-sponsors)\n  \n  [![Help us fight Alzheimer's and all other dementia. Donate now.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/3c16819a-e85d-47d7-99f5-b95ef7b35a3c\/dm-megamenu-help-us-fight-alzheimers-dementia.webp?ext=.webp%20width=)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNHQBATPPH)\n- [About](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/about)\n- [News](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/news)\n- [Events](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/events)\n- [Professionals](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/professionals)\n- [E-News](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/e-news)\n- English\n  English\n  \n  [English](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia) [Spanish](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/es-mx\/alzheimer-demencia\/que-es-la-demencia)\n\n[Call Our 24\/7 Helpline](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/resources\/helpline) [800\\.272.3900](tel:8002723900) 800\\.272.3900\n\n[\\$ Donate](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNXNDBNWRP) [Donate](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNDHYMMBXU) [GIVE IN HONOR & MEMORY](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNSTKLFHDM)\n\n![Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/15204845-dcaa-40b2-910b-4e82c5d7359c\/dm-modal-april-2026-evergreen.jpg?width=1411&height=1411&ext=.jpg)\n\n## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\n## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\nThe millions of people impacted by this disease need your help. Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today.\n\n[Donate Now](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNRRQHKHZM)\n\n# What is Dementia?\nShare or print this page\n\n1. [Home](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/)\n2. [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia)\n3. What Is Dementia?\n# What is Dementia?\n\n#### [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia) Toggle Menu\n- [What is Alzheimer's Disease?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers \"What is Alzheimer's Disease?\")\n  \n  Toggle Menu\n  - [Brain Tour](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/brain-tour \"Brain Tour\")\n  - [Younger\/Early-Onset Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/younger-early-onset \"Younger\/Early-Onset Alzheimer's\")\n  - [Myths](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/myths \"Myths\")\n  - [What are the Causes and Risk Factors of Alzheimer's and Other Dementias?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/causes-and-risk-factors \"What are the Causes and Risk Factors of Alzheimer's and Other Dementias?\")\n    \n    Toggle Menu\n    - [Is Alzheimer's Genetic?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/causes-and-risk-factors\/genetics)\n  - [Women and Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/women-and-alzheimer-s \"Women and Alzheimer's\")\n- [What is Dementia?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia \"What is Dementia?\")\n  \n  Toggle Menu\n  - [Types of Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia \"Types of Dementia\")\n    \n    Toggle Menu\n    - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease)\n    - [Dementia with Lewy Bodies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/dementia-with-lewy-bodies)\n    - [Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/down-syndrome)\n    - [Frontotemporal Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/frontotemporal-dementia)\n    - [Huntington's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/huntington-s-disease)\n    - [Mixed Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/mixed-dementia)\n    - [Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus)\n    - [Posterior Cortical Atrophy](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/posterior-cortical-atrophy)\n    - [Parkinson's Disease Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/parkinson-s-disease-dementia)\n    - [Vascular Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/vascular-dementia)\n    - [Korsakoff Syndrome](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/korsakoff-syndrome)\n  - [Related Conditions](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions \"Related Conditions\")\n    \n    Toggle Menu\n    - [Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy)\n    - [Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/mild-cognitive-impairment)\n    - [Anosognosia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/anosognosia)\n    - [Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/traumatic-brain-injury)\n- [10 Early Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's and Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10_signs \"10 Early Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's and Dementia\")\n- [Dementia vs. Alzheimer's Disease: What Is the Difference?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/difference-between-dementia-and-alzheimer-s \"Dementia vs. Alzheimer's Disease: What Is the Difference?\")\n- [10 Steps to Approach Memory Concerns in Others](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10-steps \"10 Steps to Approach Memory Concerns in Others\")\n- [How is Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosed?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis \"How is Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosed?\")\n  \n  Toggle Menu\n  - [Medical Tests for Diagnosing Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/medical_tests \"Medical Tests for Diagnosing Alzheimer's\")\n  - [Why Get Checked?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/why-get-checked \"Why Get Checked?\")\n  - [Visiting Your Doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/visiting-your-doctor \"Visiting Your Doctor\")\n  - [Life After Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/life-after-diagnosis \"Life After Diagnosis\")\n- [Stages of Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/stages \"Stages of Alzheimer's\")\n- [Research and Progress](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress \"Research and Progress\")\n  \n  Toggle Menu\n  - [Earlier Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/earlier-diagnosis \"Earlier Diagnosis\")\n  - [Part the Cloud](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/part-the-cloud \"Part the Cloud\")\n  - [Our Commitment to Research](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/our_commitment \"Our Commitment to Research\")\n  - [Clinical Trials](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials \"Clinical Trials\")\n    \n    Toggle Menu\n    - [TrialMatch: Find Clinical Research for Alzheimer's and Other Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/trialmatch)\n    - [What Are Clinical Trials?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/what-are-clinical-trials)\n    - [How Clinical Trials Work](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/how-trials-work)\n    - [When Clinical Trials End](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/when-clinical-trials-end)\n    - [Why Participate in a Clinical Trial?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/why-participate)\n    - [Talk to Your Doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/talk-to-your-doctor)\n    - [Clinical Trials: Myths vs. Facts](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/myths-vs-facts)\n  - [Milestones](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/milestones \"Milestones\")\n  - [Can Alzheimer's Disease Be Prevented?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/prevention \"Can Alzheimer's Disease Be Prevented?\")\n  - [Brain Donation](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/brain-donation \"Brain Donation\")\n- [Treatments for Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments \"Treatments for Alzheimer's\")\n  \n  Toggle Menu\n  - [Navigating Treatment Options](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/navigating-treatment-options \"Navigating Treatment Options\")\n  - [Donanemab Approved for Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/donanemab \"Donanemab Approved for Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease\")\n  - [Lecanemab Approved for Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/lecanemab-leqembi \"Lecanemab Approved for Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease\")\n  - [Aducanumab Discontinued as an Alzheimer's Treatment](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/aducanumab \"Aducanumab Discontinued as an Alzheimer's Treatment\")\n  - [CMS Treatment Coverage](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/cms-medicare-coverage \"CMS Treatment Coverage\")\n  - [Questions for Your Doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/questions-for-your-doctor \"Questions for Your Doctor\")\n  - [Medications for Memory and Thinking](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/medications-for-memory \"Medications for Memory and Thinking\")\n  - [Treatments for Behavior](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/treatments-for-behavior \"Treatments for Behavior\")\n  - [Treatments for Sleep Changes](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/for-sleep-changes \"Treatments for Sleep Changes\")\n  - [Alternative Treatments](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/alternative-treatments \"Alternative Treatments\")\n- [Facts and Figures](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/facts-figures \"Facts and Figures\")\n- [What Causes Memory Loss? Assessing Symptoms and Seeking Help](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/memory-loss-concerns \"What Causes Memory Loss? Assessing Symptoms and Seeking Help\")\n- [Alzheimer's and Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/timetotalk \"Alzheimer's and Dementia\")\n\nDementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia.  \n   \n [Subscribe to E-News](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/e-news) to learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's.\n\n- [About dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#about)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#symptoms)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#causes)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#diagnosis)\n- [Treatments](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#treatments)\n- [Risk and prevention](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#riskprevention)\n## About dementia\n![What is dementia? Causes, symptoms and diagnosis. Dementia is an umbrella term for loss of memory and other abilities.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/682acc16-58e9-48f9-a149-8bd69fceef00\/what-is-dementia-causes-symptoms-inlineimage.jpg)Dementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including [Alzheimer's disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers). Diseases grouped under the general term \"dementia\" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships.  \n   \n Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases. [Vascular dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/vascular-dementia), which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have [mixed dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/mixed-dementia). There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies.  \n   \n Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as \"senility\" or \"senile dementia,\" which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging.  \n   \n Learn more: [Common Types of Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia), [What is Alzheimer's?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers)\n\n## Know the 10 signs\nFind out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias.\n\n[Learn the Signs](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10_signs)\n## Symptoms and signs of dementia\nSigns of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with:\n\n- Short-term memory.\n- Keeping track of a purse or wallet.\n- Paying bills.\n- Planning and preparing meals.\n- Remembering appointments.\n- Traveling out of the neighborhood.\n\nDementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them. [See a doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/visiting-your-doctor) soon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to [volunteer for clinical trials or studies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/research_progress\/clinical-trials).It also provides time to plan for the future.  \n   \n Learn more: [10 Warning Signs](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10_signs), [Stages of Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/stages)\n\n## Causes\nDementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected.\n\nThe brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally.\n\n## Take our free e-learning course\nUnderstanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more.\n\n[Take the Course](http:\/\/training.alz.org\/products\/4053\/understanding-alzheimers-and-dementia?_ga=2.163071099.616028477.1551042128-926066579.1546389080)\n\nDifferent types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's.\n\nWhile most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed:\n\n- Depression.\n- Medication side effects.\n- Excess use of alcohol.\n- Thyroid problems.\n- Vitamin deficiencies.\n## Diagnosis of dementia\nThere is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose \"dementia\" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a [neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/visiting-your-doctor).  \n   \n Learn more: [Memory Tests](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/medical_tests#mental)\n\n## Dementia help and support are available\nIf you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support.\n\n- Call our 24\/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900\n- See our [caregiving information](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/caregiving) for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers\n- Locate a [support group](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/event-search?category=Support+Groups) in your community\n\n## Donate to fight Alzheimer's\nThe first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you.\n\n[Donate Now](https:\/\/act.alz.org\/site\/Donation2?df_id=45772&mfc_pref=T&45772.donation=form1)\n## Dementia treatment and care\nTreatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments — [donanemab (Kisunla®](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/donanemab)[)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/aducanumab) and [lecanemab (Leqembi®)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/lecanemab-leqembi) — demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same [medications used to treat Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/medications-for-memory)are among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of [other types of dementias](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia). [Non-drug therapies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/treatments\/treatments-for-behavior#non-drug)can also alleviate some symptoms of dementia.\n\nUltimately, the path to effective new treatments for dementia is through increased research funding and increased participation in clinical studies. Right now, volunteers are urgently needed to participate in [clinical studies and trials](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research_progress\/clinical-trials) about Alzheimer's and other dementias.  \n   \n Learn more: [Medications for Memory Loss](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/medications-for-memory), [Alternative Treatments for Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/treatments\/alternative-treatments)\n\n## Dementia risk and prevention\nSome [risk factors](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/causes-and-risk-factors) for dementia, such as age and [genetics,](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/risk-factors\/genetics) cannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia.  \n   \n Learn more:[Brain Health](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/brain_health)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/b6f97a54-cf9a-42e7-b3b1-7107303bfc52\/chapter-locator-teasertile.jpg?ext=.jpg)\n\n## The Alzheimer’s Association is in your community.\n[Find Your Local Chapter](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/local_resources\/find_your_local_chapter)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/f0895895-a0f7-4ee1-a89f-8ee8d8a1d421\/brain-tour-teasertile.webp?ext=.webp)\n\n## Learn how Alzheimer’s disease affects the brain.\n[Take the Brain Tour](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/brain-tour)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/ffc30150-f1e0-40e6-a504-fae173facd1a\/trialmatch-teasertile.webp?ext=.webp)\n\n## Don't just hope for a cure. Help us find one.\n[Learn More](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials)\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Keep Up With Alzheimer's News and Events\n[Donate Make a Donation](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?lang=en-US&form=FUNYWTPCJBN)\n\n[24\/7 Helpline 800.272.3900](tel:8002723900)\n\n[In My Area Local Resources](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/local_resources\/find_your_local_chapter)\n\n[![Return to the home page (footer)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/9835cc37-036e-4930-b77d-467a25c9db31\/alz-stacked-rgb.png)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/)\n\n225 N Michigan Ave. Floor 17 Chicago, IL 60601800\\.272.3900\n\n[Jobs](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/jobs) [Security and Privacy Policy](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/security-and-privacy-policy) [Terms of Use](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/about\/terms-of-use) [Pressroom](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/press) [Transparency](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/about\/transparency) [Contact Us](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/contact-us)\n\n©2026 Alzheimer's Association®All Rights ReservedAlzheimer's Association is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization.Tax ID Number: 13-3039601\n\nEnglish\n\n[English](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia) [Spanish](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/es-mx\/alzheimer-demencia\/que-es-la-demencia)\n\n![](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tr?id=1527401954246190&ev=PageView&noscript=1)","attrs_readable_markdown":"![Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/15204845-dcaa-40b2-910b-4e82c5d7359c\/dm-modal-april-2026-evergreen.jpg?width=1411&height=1411&ext=.jpg)\n\n## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\n## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's\nThe millions of people impacted by this disease need your help. Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today.\n\n[Donate Now](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?form=FUNRRQHKHZM)\n\nWhat is Dementia?\n\n#### [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia)\n- - - [Is Alzheimer's Genetic?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/causes-and-risk-factors\/genetics)\n- - - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease)\n    - [Dementia with Lewy Bodies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/dementia-with-lewy-bodies)\n    - [Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/down-syndrome)\n    - [Frontotemporal Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/frontotemporal-dementia)\n    - [Huntington's Disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/huntington-s-disease)\n    - [Mixed Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/mixed-dementia)\n    - [Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus)\n    - [Posterior Cortical Atrophy](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/posterior-cortical-atrophy)\n    - [Parkinson's Disease Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/parkinson-s-disease-dementia)\n    - [Vascular Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/vascular-dementia)\n    - [Korsakoff Syndrome](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/korsakoff-syndrome)\n  - - [Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy)\n    - [Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/mild-cognitive-impairment)\n    - [Anosognosia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/anosognosia)\n    - [Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/related_conditions\/traumatic-brain-injury)\n- - - [TrialMatch: Find Clinical Research for Alzheimer's and Other Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/trialmatch)\n    - [What Are Clinical Trials?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/what-are-clinical-trials)\n    - [How Clinical Trials Work](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/how-trials-work)\n    - [When Clinical Trials End](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/when-clinical-trials-end)\n    - [Why Participate in a Clinical Trial?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/why-participate)\n    - [Talk to Your Doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/talk-to-your-doctor)\n    - [Clinical Trials: Myths vs. Facts](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials\/myths-vs-facts)\n\nDementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia.\n\n[Subscribe to E-News](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/e-news) to learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's.\n\n- [About dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#about)\n- [Symptoms](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#symptoms)\n- [Causes](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#causes)\n- [Diagnosis](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#diagnosis)\n- [Treatments](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#treatments)\n- [Risk and prevention](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia#riskprevention)\n## About dementia\n![What is dementia? Causes, symptoms and diagnosis. Dementia is an umbrella term for loss of memory and other abilities.](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/getmedia\/682acc16-58e9-48f9-a149-8bd69fceef00\/what-is-dementia-causes-symptoms-inlineimage.jpg)Dementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including [Alzheimer's disease](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers). Diseases grouped under the general term \"dementia\" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships.\n\nAlzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases. [Vascular dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/vascular-dementia), which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have [mixed dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/mixed-dementia). There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies.\n\nDementia is often incorrectly referred to as \"senility\" or \"senile dementia,\" which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging.\n\nLearn more: [Common Types of Dementia](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia), [What is Alzheimer's?](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers)\n\n## Know the 10 signs\nFind out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias.\n## Symptoms and signs of dementia\nSigns of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with:\n\n- Short-term memory.\n- Keeping track of a purse or wallet.\n- Paying bills.\n- Planning and preparing meals.\n- Remembering appointments.\n- Traveling out of the neighborhood.\n\nDementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them. [See a doctor](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/visiting-your-doctor) soon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to [volunteer for clinical trials or studies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/research_progress\/clinical-trials).It also provides time to plan for the future.\n\nLearn more: [10 Warning Signs](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/10_signs), [Stages of Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/stages)\n## Causes\nDementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected.\n\nThe brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally.\n\n## Take our free e-learning course\nUnderstanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more.\n\nDifferent types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's.\n\nWhile most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed:\n\n- Depression.\n- Medication side effects.\n- Excess use of alcohol.\n- Thyroid problems.\n- Vitamin deficiencies.\n## Diagnosis of dementia\nThere is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose \"dementia\" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a [neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/visiting-your-doctor).\n\nLearn more: [Memory Tests](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/diagnosis\/medical_tests#mental)\n\n## Dementia help and support are available\nIf you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support.\n\n- Call our 24\/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900\n- See our [caregiving information](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/caregiving) for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers\n- Locate a [support group](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/event-search?category=Support+Groups) in your community\n\n## Donate to fight Alzheimer's\nThe first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you.\n## Dementia treatment and care\nTreatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments — [donanemab (Kisunla®](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/donanemab)[)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/aducanumab) and [lecanemab (Leqembi®)](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/lecanemab-leqembi) — demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same [medications used to treat Alzheimer's](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/treatments\/medications-for-memory)are among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of [other types of dementias](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia). [Non-drug therapies](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimer-s-dementia\/treatments\/treatments-for-behavior#non-drug)can also alleviate some symptoms of dementia.\n\n## Dementia risk and prevention\nSome [risk factors](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/causes-and-risk-factors) for dementia, such as age and [genetics,](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers\/risk-factors\/genetics) cannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia.\n\nLearn more:[Brain Health](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/help-support\/brain_health)\n\n## Don't just hope for a cure. Help us find one.\n[Learn More](https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/research-and-progress\/clinical-trials)","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's The millions of people impacted by this disease need your help. Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today. Donate Now What is Dementia? About Alzheimer's & Dementia Is Alzheimer's Genetic? Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Dementia with Lewy Bodies Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease Frontotemporal Dementia Huntington's Disease Mixed Dementia Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Posterior Cortical Atrophy Parkinson's Disease Dementia Vascular Dementia Korsakoff Syndrome Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Anosognosia Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) TrialMatch: Find Clinical Research for Alzheimer's and Other Dementia What Are Clinical Trials? How Clinical Trials Work When Clinical Trials End Why Participate in a Clinical Trial? Talk to Your Doctor Clinical Trials: Myths vs. Facts Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia. Subscribe to E-News to learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's. About dementia Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatments Risk and prevention About dementia Dementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease . Diseases grouped under the general term "dementia" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases. Vascular dementia , which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have mixed dementia . There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as "senility" or "senile dementia," which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging. Learn more: Common Types of Dementia , What is Alzheimer's? Know the 10 signs Find out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias. Symptoms and signs of dementia Signs of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with: Short-term memory. Keeping track of a purse or wallet. Paying bills. Planning and preparing meals. Remembering appointments. Traveling out of the neighborhood. Dementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them. See a doctor soon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to volunteer for clinical trials or studies . It also provides time to plan for the future. Learn more: 10 Warning Signs , Stages of Alzheimer's Causes Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected. The brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally. Take our free e-learning course Understanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more. Different types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's. While most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed: Depression. Medication side effects. Excess use of alcohol. Thyroid problems. Vitamin deficiencies. Diagnosis of dementia There is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose "dementia" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician . Learn more: Memory Tests Dementia help and support are available If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support. Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900 See our caregiving information for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers Locate a support group in your community Donate to fight Alzheimer's The first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you. Dementia treatment and care Treatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments — donanemab (Kisunla® ) and lecanemab (Leqembi®) — demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same medications used to treat Alzheimer's are among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of other types of dementias . Non-drug therapies can also alleviate some symptoms of dementia. Dementia risk and prevention Some risk factors for dementia, such as age and genetics, cannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia. Learn more: Brain Health Don't just hope for a cure. Help us find one. Learn More
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Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today. [Donate Now](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia?form=FUNRRQHKHZM) # What is Dementia? Share or print this page 1. [Home](https://www.alz.org/) 2. [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia) 3. What Is Dementia? # What is Dementia? #### [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia) Toggle Menu - [What is Alzheimer's Disease?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers "What is Alzheimer's Disease?") 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Toggle Menu - [Types of Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia "Types of Dementia") Toggle Menu - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease) - [Dementia with Lewy Bodies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/dementia-with-lewy-bodies) - [Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/down-syndrome) - [Frontotemporal Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/frontotemporal-dementia) - [Huntington's Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/huntington-s-disease) - [Mixed Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/mixed-dementia) - [Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus) - [Posterior Cortical Atrophy](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/posterior-cortical-atrophy) - [Parkinson's Disease Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/parkinson-s-disease-dementia) - [Vascular Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia) - [Korsakoff Syndrome](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/korsakoff-syndrome) - [Related Conditions](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions "Related Conditions") Toggle Menu - [Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy) - [Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment) - [Anosognosia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/anosognosia) - [Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/traumatic-brain-injury) - [10 Early Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's and Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/10_signs "10 Early Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's and Dementia") - [Dementia vs. Alzheimer's Disease: What Is the Difference?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/difference-between-dementia-and-alzheimer-s "Dementia vs. Alzheimer's Disease: What Is the Difference?") - [10 Steps to Approach Memory Concerns in Others](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/10-steps "10 Steps to Approach Memory Concerns in Others") - [How is Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosed?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis "How is Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosed?") 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Assessing Symptoms and Seeking Help](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/memory-loss-concerns "What Causes Memory Loss? Assessing Symptoms and Seeking Help") - [Alzheimer's and Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/timetotalk "Alzheimer's and Dementia") Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia. [Subscribe to E-News](https://www.alz.org/e-news) to learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's. - [About dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#about) - [Symptoms](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#symptoms) - [Causes](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#causes) - [Diagnosis](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#diagnosis) - [Treatments](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#treatments) - [Risk and prevention](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#riskprevention) ## About dementia ![What is dementia? Causes, symptoms and diagnosis. Dementia is an umbrella term for loss of memory and other abilities.](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/682acc16-58e9-48f9-a149-8bd69fceef00/what-is-dementia-causes-symptoms-inlineimage.jpg)Dementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including [Alzheimer's disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers). Diseases grouped under the general term "dementia" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases. [Vascular dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia), which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have [mixed dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/mixed-dementia). There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as "senility" or "senile dementia," which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging. Learn more: [Common Types of Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia), [What is Alzheimer's?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers) ## Know the 10 signs Find out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias. [Learn the Signs](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/10_signs) ## Symptoms and signs of dementia Signs of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with: - Short-term memory. - Keeping track of a purse or wallet. - Paying bills. - Planning and preparing meals. - Remembering appointments. - Traveling out of the neighborhood. Dementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them. [See a doctor](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/visiting-your-doctor) soon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to [volunteer for clinical trials or studies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/research_progress/clinical-trials).It also provides time to plan for the future. Learn more: [10 Warning Signs](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/10_signs), [Stages of Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/stages) ## Causes Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected. The brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally. ## Take our free e-learning course Understanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more. [Take the Course](http://training.alz.org/products/4053/understanding-alzheimers-and-dementia?_ga=2.163071099.616028477.1551042128-926066579.1546389080) Different types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's. While most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed: - Depression. - Medication side effects. - Excess use of alcohol. - Thyroid problems. - Vitamin deficiencies. ## Diagnosis of dementia There is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose "dementia" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a [neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/visiting-your-doctor). Learn more: [Memory Tests](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/medical_tests#mental) ## Dementia help and support are available If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support. - Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900 - See our [caregiving information](https://www.alz.org/help-support/caregiving) for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers - Locate a [support group](https://www.alz.org/event-search?category=Support+Groups) in your community ## Donate to fight Alzheimer's The first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you. [Donate Now](https://act.alz.org/site/Donation2?df_id=45772&mfc_pref=T&45772.donation=form1) ## Dementia treatment and care Treatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments — [donanemab (Kisunla®](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/donanemab)[)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/aducanumab) and [lecanemab (Leqembi®)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/lecanemab-leqembi) — demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same [medications used to treat Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/medications-for-memory)are among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of [other types of dementias](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia). [Non-drug therapies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/treatments/treatments-for-behavior#non-drug)can also alleviate some symptoms of dementia. Ultimately, the path to effective new treatments for dementia is through increased research funding and increased participation in clinical studies. Right now, volunteers are urgently needed to participate in [clinical studies and trials](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research_progress/clinical-trials) about Alzheimer's and other dementias. Learn more: [Medications for Memory Loss](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/medications-for-memory), [Alternative Treatments for Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/treatments/alternative-treatments) ## Dementia risk and prevention Some [risk factors](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/causes-and-risk-factors) for dementia, such as age and [genetics,](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/risk-factors/genetics) cannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia. Learn more:[Brain Health](https://www.alz.org/help-support/brain_health) ![](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/b6f97a54-cf9a-42e7-b3b1-7107303bfc52/chapter-locator-teasertile.jpg?ext=.jpg) ## The Alzheimer’s Association is in your community. [Find Your Local Chapter](https://www.alz.org/local_resources/find_your_local_chapter) ![](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/f0895895-a0f7-4ee1-a89f-8ee8d8a1d421/brain-tour-teasertile.webp?ext=.webp) ## Learn how Alzheimer’s disease affects the brain. [Take the Brain Tour](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/brain-tour) ![](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/ffc30150-f1e0-40e6-a504-fae173facd1a/trialmatch-teasertile.webp?ext=.webp) ## Don't just hope for a cure. Help us find one. [Learn More](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials) Back to Top ### Keep Up With Alzheimer's News and Events [Donate Make a Donation](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia?lang=en-US&form=FUNYWTPCJBN) [24/7 Helpline 800.272.3900](tel:8002723900) [In My Area Local Resources](https://www.alz.org/local_resources/find_your_local_chapter) [![Return to the home page (footer)](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/9835cc37-036e-4930-b77d-467a25c9db31/alz-stacked-rgb.png)](https://www.alz.org/) 225 N Michigan Ave. Floor 17 Chicago, IL 60601800\.272.3900 [Jobs](https://www.alz.org/jobs) [Security and Privacy Policy](https://www.alz.org/security-and-privacy-policy) [Terms of Use](https://www.alz.org/about/terms-of-use) [Pressroom](https://www.alz.org/press) [Transparency](https://www.alz.org/about/transparency) [Contact Us](https://www.alz.org/contact-us) ©2026 Alzheimer's Association®All Rights ReservedAlzheimer's Association is a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization.Tax ID Number: 13-3039601 English [English](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia) [Spanish](https://www.alz.org/es-mx/alzheimer-demencia/que-es-la-demencia) ![](https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1527401954246190&ev=PageView&noscript=1)
Readable Markdown	![Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/15204845-dcaa-40b2-910b-4e82c5d7359c/dm-modal-april-2026-evergreen.jpg?width=1411&height=1411&ext=.jpg) ## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's ## Be a Part of the Fight to End Alzheimer's The millions of people impacted by this disease need your help. Your generosity can help us provide care and support to those facing the challenges of Alzheimer's and advance global research. Please make a gift today. [Donate Now](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia?form=FUNRRQHKHZM) What is Dementia? #### [About Alzheimer's & Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia) - - - [Is Alzheimer's Genetic?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/causes-and-risk-factors/genetics) - - - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease) - [Dementia with Lewy Bodies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/dementia-with-lewy-bodies) - [Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/down-syndrome) - [Frontotemporal Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/frontotemporal-dementia) - [Huntington's Disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/huntington-s-disease) - [Mixed Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/mixed-dementia) - [Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/normal-pressure-hydrocephalus) - [Posterior Cortical Atrophy](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/posterior-cortical-atrophy) - [Parkinson's Disease Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/parkinson-s-disease-dementia) - [Vascular Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia) - [Korsakoff Syndrome](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/korsakoff-syndrome) - - [Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy) - [Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/mild-cognitive-impairment) - [Anosognosia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/anosognosia) - [Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/traumatic-brain-injury) - - - [TrialMatch: Find Clinical Research for Alzheimer's and Other Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/trialmatch) - [What Are Clinical Trials?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/what-are-clinical-trials) - [How Clinical Trials Work](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/how-trials-work) - [When Clinical Trials End](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/when-clinical-trials-end) - [Why Participate in a Clinical Trial?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/why-participate) - [Talk to Your Doctor](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/talk-to-your-doctor) - [Clinical Trials: Myths vs. Facts](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials/myths-vs-facts) Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia. [Subscribe to E-News](https://www.alz.org/e-news) to learn how you can help those affected by Alzheimer's. - [About dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#about) - [Symptoms](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#symptoms) - [Causes](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#causes) - [Diagnosis](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#diagnosis) - [Treatments](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#treatments) - [Risk and prevention](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia#riskprevention) ## About dementia ![What is dementia? Causes, symptoms and diagnosis. Dementia is an umbrella term for loss of memory and other abilities.](https://www.alz.org/getmedia/682acc16-58e9-48f9-a149-8bd69fceef00/what-is-dementia-causes-symptoms-inlineimage.jpg)Dementia is not a single disease. It's an overall term to describe a collection of symptoms that one may experience if they are living with a variety of diseases, including [Alzheimer's disease](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers). Diseases grouped under the general term "dementia" are caused by abnormal brain changes. Dementia symptoms trigger a decline in thinking skills, also known as cognitive abilities, severe enough to impair daily life and independent function. They also affect behavior, feelings and relationships. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60%-80% of cases. [Vascular dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/vascular-dementia), which occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain, is the second most common cause of dementia. Those who experience the brain changes of multiple types of dementia simultaneously have [mixed dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/mixed-dementia). There are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of cognitive impairment but that aren't dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as "senility" or "senile dementia," which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging. Learn more: [Common Types of Dementia](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia), [What is Alzheimer's?](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers) ## Know the 10 signs Find out how typical age-related memory loss compares to early signs of Alzheimer's and other dementias. ## Symptoms and signs of dementia Signs of dementia can vary greatly. Examples include problems with: - Short-term memory. - Keeping track of a purse or wallet. - Paying bills. - Planning and preparing meals. - Remembering appointments. - Traveling out of the neighborhood. Dementia symptoms are progressive, which means that the signs of cognitive impairment start out slowly and gradually get worse over time, leading to dementia. If you or someone you know is experiencing memory difficulties or other changes in thinking skills, don't ignore them. [See a doctor](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/visiting-your-doctor) soon to determine the cause. Professional evaluation may detect a treatable condition. And even if symptoms suggest dementia, early diagnosis allows a person to get the maximum benefit from available treatments and provides an opportunity to [volunteer for clinical trials or studies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/research_progress/clinical-trials).It also provides time to plan for the future. Learn more: [10 Warning Signs](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/10_signs), [Stages of Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/stages) ## Causes Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases that cause damage to brain cells. This damage interferes with the ability of brain cells to communicate with each other. When brain cells cannot communicate normally, thinking, behavior and feelings can be affected. The brain has many distinct regions, each of which is responsible for different functions (for example, memory, judgment and movement). When cells in a particular region are damaged, that region cannot carry out its functions normally. ## Take our free e-learning course Understanding Alzheimer's and Dementia outlines the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia, symptoms, stages, risk factors and more. Different types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins inside and outside brain cells make it hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged. That's why memory loss is often one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's. While most changes in the brain that cause dementia are permanent and worsen over time, thinking and memory problems caused by the following conditions may improve when the condition is treated or addressed: - Depression. - Medication side effects. - Excess use of alcohol. - Thyroid problems. - Vitamin deficiencies. ## Diagnosis of dementia There is no one test to determine if someone has dementia. Doctors diagnose Alzheimer's and other types of dementia based on a careful medical history, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and the characteristic changes in thinking, day-to-day function and behavior associated with each type. Doctors can determine that a person has dementia with a high level of certainty. But it's harder to determine the exact type of dementia because the symptoms and brain changes of different dementias can overlap. In some cases, a doctor may diagnose "dementia" and not specify a type. If this occurs, it may be necessary to see a specialist such as a [neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist or geriatrician](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/visiting-your-doctor). Learn more: [Memory Tests](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/diagnosis/medical_tests#mental) ## Dementia help and support are available If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or another dementia, you are not alone. The Alzheimer's Association is one of the most trusted resources for information, education, referral and support. - Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900 - See our [caregiving information](https://www.alz.org/help-support/caregiving) for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers - Locate a [support group](https://www.alz.org/event-search?category=Support+Groups) in your community ## Donate to fight Alzheimer's The first survivor of Alzheimer's is out there, but we won't get there without you. ## Dementia treatment and care Treatment of dementia depends on its cause. In the case of most progressive dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, there is no cure, but two treatments — [donanemab (Kisunla®](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/donanemab)[)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/aducanumab) and [lecanemab (Leqembi®)](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/lecanemab-leqembi) — demonstrate that removing beta-amyloid, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, from the brain reduces cognitive and functional decline in people living with early Alzheimer’s. Others can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve quality of life for those living with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The same [medications used to treat Alzheimer's](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/medications-for-memory)are among the drugs sometimes prescribed to help with symptoms of [other types of dementias](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia). [Non-drug therapies](https://www.alz.org/alzheimer-s-dementia/treatments/treatments-for-behavior#non-drug)can also alleviate some symptoms of dementia. ## Dementia risk and prevention Some [risk factors](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/causes-and-risk-factors) for dementia, such as age and [genetics,](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers/risk-factors/genetics) cannot be changed. But researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia. Learn more:[Brain Health](https://www.alz.org/help-support/brain_health) ## Don't just hope for a cure. Help us find one. [Learn More](https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research-and-progress/clinical-trials)
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