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Safety](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/race-ethnicity-safety.html) - [Travel with Minors](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/minors.html) - [Women Travelers](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/women.html) - Safety Tips for Activities - [Safety Tips for Activities](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips.html) - [Adventure Travelers](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/adventure.html) - [Boating Safety and Piracy](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/boating-safety-piracy.html) - [Business Travel and Work Abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/business.html) - [Cruise Ships](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/cruise-ships.html) - [Faith-Based 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[Home](https://travel.state.gov/en.html) 2. ... 3. [International Travel](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel.html) 4. [Travel Advisories](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories.html) 5. Italy # Italy Review the latest State Department Travel Advisory about Italy, San Marino, and Vatican City. You can plan for safe travel by following the entry and exit requirements, reviewing local laws, and other travel guidance from the U.S. embassy or consulate. Visit [it.usembassy.gov(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/) Learn more about U.S. and Italy relations at [State.gov (opens in a new tab)](https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/italy/) ## Travel advisory - Italian Republic ### Level 2 - Exercise increased caution Date issued: May 23, 2025 - advisory history - Terrorism (T) ## Exercise increased caution in **Italy** due to **terrorism**. ### Advisory summary There is risk of terrorist violence, including terrorist attacks and other activity in Italy. Visit the U.S. Department of State's country reports on terrorism to learn more. Terrorists may attack with little or no warning. Common targets include: - Tourist spots - Transportation centers - Shopping malls and markets - Local government buildings - Hotels, clubs and restaurants - Religious sites - Parks - Sporting and cultural events - Schools - Airports - Public areas ### If you decide to travel to Italy: - Stay alert in tourist spots. - Check local media for breaking news. Be prepared to adjust your plans. - Enroll in the [Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/smart-traveler-enrollment-program.html) to receive messages and alerts from the U.S. Embassy. It makes it easier to locate you in an emergency. - Review the [Country Security Report for Italy(opens in a new tab)](https://www.osac.gov/Country/Italy/Detail#_blank). - Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the [International Travel Checklist](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/checklist.html). - Visit the CDC page for the latest [Travel Health Information(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/italy)related to your travel and return to the United States. - We highly recommend that you buy insurance before you travel. Check with your [travel insurance provider](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) about evacuation assistance, medical insurance, and trip cancellation coverage. Scroll to review full advisory Travel advisory levels Learn more about [Travel Advisory](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories.html) levels 1. Exercise normal precautions 2. Exercise increased caution 3. Reconsider travel 4. Do not travel [Explore the full map (opens in a new tab)](https://travelmaps.state.gov/TSGMap/) ## About Italy Italy is a peninsula in southern Europe, shaped like a boot. It has a maritime border on the Mediterranean Sea to the west, south, and east. It has land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia. Italy also includes the islands of Sicily and Sardinia. Italy is slightly larger than the state of Arizona. It has 1 time zone called Central European Time (CET), which is 6 hours ahead of Washington, D.C. About San Marino San Marino is a fully autonomous, independent republic. It is surrounded by north-central Italy. It isn’t part of the EU but has an open border agreement with Italy, so there’s no passport control at its border. San Marino is about 1/3 the size of Washington DC. It uses the euro currency. About Vatican City Vatican City is a city-state fully within Rome, Italy. It isn’t part of the EU but has an open border agreement with Italy, so there’s no passport control at its border with Rome. The Holy See governs the Roman Catholic Church and is based in Vatican City. It is less than 1/4 of a mile in size, making it the smallest country in the world. Vatican City uses the euro currency. ### Travel requirements #### Tourist visa requirements - Visa not required for stays less than 90 days. #### Vaccinations - No vaccination requirements. #### Valid passport requirements - Passports must be valid for at least 3 months beyond your planned date of departure from the Schengen area. A 6-month validity is recommended. - Passports must have 2 blank pages for entry stamp. #### Currency on entry and exit - **Entry:** 10,000 Euros currency limit or equivalent. - **Exit:** 10,000 Euros currency limit or equivalent. ### Tips from the U.S. embassy - U.S. citizens can stay in Italy for 90 days without a tourist or business visa. - Pickpocketing is common on public transport and in crowded areas. - Tourists can be fined or detained for buying counterfeit goods, defacing historic monuments, and using aerial drones. ### Help for U.S. citizens U.S. Embassy Rome U.S. Embassy Rome U.S. Embassy Rome Via Vittorio Veneto, 121 00187 Rome, Italy **Main telephone:** [\+39-06-4674-1](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-1) **Emergency after-hours:** [\+39-06-4674-1](tel:+39-06-4674-1) **Email:** [uscitizensrome@state.gov](mailto:uscitizensrome@state.gov) **Fax:** [\+39-06-4674-2244](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-2244) **Website:** <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/rome/> Save contact to device EMBASSY UPDATE [Previous messages (opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/category/alert/) March 25, 2026 *** Demonstration Alert: U.S. Embassy, Rome, Italy (March 26 & 28, 2026) [Review full alert(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/demonstration-alert-u-s-embassy-rome-italy-march-26-28-2026/) Message failed to load *** We are unable to load the message. Visit the main [U.S. embassy or consulate website(opens in a new tab)](https://travel.state.gov/) for updates. Get embassy updates right to your inbox  [Review how STEP works](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/smart-traveler-enrollment-program.html) ## Travel guidance for Italy Explore our travel guidance topics to prepare for your trip abroad. Select a topic Travel Topics 1. Entry, exit, and visa requirements 2. Safety and security 3. Local laws and customs 4. Health 5. Transportation 6. Weather and natural disasters 7. U.S. citizens living abroad 8. Embassies and consulates ### Entry, exit, and visa requirements **Helpful resources** - [Embassy of Italy Visa Information (opens in a new tab)](https://www.esteri.it/en/servizi-consolari-e-visti/ingressosoggiornoinitalia/vis/) - [Consulate General of Italy in New York (opens in a new tab)](https://consnewyork.esteri.it/en/) - [Dual Nationality](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/dual-nationality.html) - [Prevention of International Child Abduction](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/laws.html) - [Laws Abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/laws.html) - [Italian Customs (opens in a new tab)](https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/en/dogane) *** **Traveling through Europe** If you plan to visit or travel through Europe, know the [Schengen Agreement's(opens in a new tab)](https://schengenvisainfo.com/) requirements: - Your passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay. Review our information on [U.S. Travelers in Europe](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/europe.html). - You will need proof of sufficient funds and a return plane ticket. *** Passports and visas - U.S. citizens must arrive at Italian ports of entry with a valid passport. This regulation is strictly enforced. If your passport has ever been reported as lost or stolen, or is expired, Italian authorities could deny you entry and return you immediately to the United States. - U.S. citizens may enter Italy for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes without a visa. - If you intend to live or stay in Italy for longer than 90 days, you must apply for a visa from an Italian Embassy or Consulate. Once in Italy, you must also obtain a permit of stay (permesso di soggiorno). You can get more information from the [Ministry of Foreign Affairs(opens in a new tab)](https://www.esteri.it/en/servizi-consolari-e-visti/ingressosoggiornoinitalia/vis/) and the [Polizia di Stato(opens in a new tab)](https://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/214). *** HIV and AIDS restrictions The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV and AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of Italy. ### Safety and security **Emergency phone numbers** Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes. - [Dial 112](tel:112) for emergencies *** **Terrorism** [Terrorist groups](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/global-events/terrorism.html) and individuals inspired by them want to attack U.S. citizens outside of the United States. They are using simpler methods of attack like knives, guns, and vehicles to target crowds. They often go after unprotected or vulnerable targets. - High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.) - Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists - Places of worship - Schools - Parks - Shopping malls and markets - Airports - Public transportation systems (including subways, buses, trains) *** Politically motivated violence This is most often connected to Italian internal political developments or social issues. Italian authorities and foreign diplomatic facilities have: - Found bombs outside public buildings - Received bomb threats - Been targets of letter bombs and Molotov cocktails These attacks often happen at night. Although they have not targeted or injured U.S. citizens, you should remain aware of your surroundings. Report any suspicious activity to local authorities. *** Crime Italy has a moderate rate of crime. Although there are incidents of theft, violent crimes are rare. Pickpocketing, particularly in congested areas and on public transport, and break-ins of rented vehicles are common throughout the country. ### Local laws and customs Criminal penalties U.S. citizens should be aware of the following local circumstances that could result in criminal penalties: - Tourists can be fined or detained for buying counterfeit goods (usually fashion accessories), defacing historic monuments, and using aerial drones. - Travelers must buy train, bus, or metro tickets at tobacco stores, kiosks, or through apps or SMS (short messaging service). Before boarding, you must validate your ticket at a machine (usually near the entrance). If you don't, an inspector may fine you. If you don’t pay right away, the fine will double and be sent to your home address. - Some buses and trams accept onboard contactless payment (“tap to pay”) using a bank card or mobile digital wallet. - Many cities in Italy have rules for fountains and monuments that ban activities like eating, drinking, sitting, or bathing. There are also restrictions on drinking alcohol after certain hours. Tourists should check each city's official website for more details. - New laws make it illegal for Italians, including dual U.S.-Italian citizens, to travel outside Italy to use or arrange surrogacy. Breaking this law can result in up to 2 years in prison and fines of up to \$1 million euros. *** Theft Most reported thefts in Italy occur at: - Crowded tourist sites - Public transportation (on buses, metros, and trains, and at major metro and railway stations) - Airports - Cars parked in city centers and tourist sites **General guidance to minimize the risk of theft:** - Be alert to criminal schemes. - Organized groups of thieves and pickpockets operate at major tourist destinations, in train stations, bars, and cafes. Criminals may use drugs to assault or rob. - Thieves on motor scooters regularly snatch purses or bags off pedestrians. Resisting can be dangerous. - Park cars in well-lit areas; ensure doors and windows are locked. Do not leave personal possessions, including luggage and passports, in unattended vehicles. - Never leave baggage unattended in a car, including in a closed trunk. - Do not leave bags unattended in public places. [Italian railway advice for travelers(opens in a new tab)](https://www.italiarail.com/safety) *** ATMs To protect yourself from the risk of skimming devices at ATMs: - Use ATMs located in well-lit public areas or secured inside a bank or business. - Cover the keypad with one hand as you enter your PIN. - Check for gaps, tampering, or other flaws between the ATM's metal faceplate and the card reader. - Avoid card readers that are not flush with the face of the ATM. - Closely check your account statements for unauthorized transactions. *** Demonstrations Demonstrations occur frequently. They can be anti-American in nature, especially near U.S. military bases. They may take place in response to political or economic issues. They may also occur on politically significant holidays and during international events. - Demonstrations can be unpredictable. Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. - Past demonstrations have turned violent. - Check local media for updates and traffic advisories. - Security Alerts for U.S. citizens pertaining to [demonstrations](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/security-and-travel-information/) can be found on the Embassy’s website. **Special circumstances** - Strikes and other work stoppages often affect transportation (airlines, airports, trains, and buses). - If you're traveling during a strike, make sure to reconfirm your reservations and check with your carrier. *** International financial scams Internet romance and financial scams are common throughout the world. Follow the Department of State [guidelines to protect yourself from scams](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/scams.html) and learn how the FBI can help. Scams often start through Internet postings, profiles, or by unsolicited emails and letters. Scammers almost always pose as U.S. citizens who have no one else to turn to. Instead of helping, refer them to the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate. We will work with local authorities to assist them. **Common scams include:** - Romance or online dating - Money transfers - Lucrative sales - Contracts with promises of large commissions - Grandparent or relative targeting - Free Trip or luggage - Lotteries - Inheritance notices - Work permits or job offers *** Victims of crime Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes. - Visit our webpage on help for [U.S. victims of crime abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/help-abroad/victims-crime.html). - [Dial 112](tel:%20112) for the local police Victims of sexual assault are also encouraged to contact the U.S. embassy for assistance at**[\+39 06-4674-1](tel:%20+39%2006-4674-1).** **We can:** - Help you find appropriate medical care. - Replace a stolen or lost passport. - Assist you in reporting a crime to the police. - Contact relatives or friends with your written consent. - Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion. - Provide a list of local attorneys. We do not endorse or recommend any specific attorneys. - Provide information on victim compensation programs in the United States. - Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States or limited medical support in cases of destitution. - Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home. *** Victim compensation in Italy Italy pays victims of terrorism, organized crime, hit-and-run accidents, and violent crimes. To apply, file with the local Prefect's office (Prefettura) where the crime occurred. Provide details about the incident, including: - Where the crime happened - Date - Location - Injuries and losses resulting from the crime U.S. citizen victims of crime in Italy should consult an Italian attorney for guidance on the legal process and victim compensation programs. *** Tourism - Tourism activities are generally regulated. - Rules about general practices and safety inspections are regularly enforced. - Dangerous areas and activities are marked with signs. - Trained staff are usually there to help with organized activities. - If someone gets hurt, they can usually get medical help anywhere in the country. In smaller cities and remote areas, it might take longer for medical help to arrive and assist. - U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase [medical evacuation insurance.](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) *** Technology use abroad Mobile devices are vulnerable to compromise, theft, and damage anywhere in the world. Follow these safety practices: - Update all software (operating system and apps) before leaving. - Use reputable, U.S. based VPN or VoIP applications. - Don’t connect to unknown public Wi-Fi networks. - Research the safety of routes recommended by GPS. Sometimes the shortest route is not the safest. - Be cautious using dating apps abroad, as scammers often target U.S. citizens. *** Criminal penalties U.S. citizens must follow local laws. If you break a law, even by mistake, you can be expelled, arrested, or jailed. - Your U.S. passport will not prevent you from being detained, arrested, or prosecuted. - If you’re starting a business or a licensed profession, you must seek information from local authorities before operating. You may be prosecuted in the U.S. for crimes committed abroad regardless of local laws. For more information, review [Laws Abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/laws.html) and resources from the [Department of Justice(opens in a new tab)](https://www.justice.gov/archives/jm/criminal-resource-manual-1617-extraterritorial-criminal-jurisdiction-18-usc-112-878-970-1116). *** Arrest notification If you are [arrested or detained](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/help-abroad/arrest-detention.html), ask police or prison officials to inform the U.S. embassy or consulate of your destination immediately. *** Counterfeit and pirated goods Counterfeit and pirated goods are common but may be illegal according to local laws. - They may pose significant risks to consumer health and safety. - You could get fined or forced to give your goods to the authorities if you try to bring them back into the U.S. - Review: [The Truth Behind Counterfeits (opens in a new tab)](https://www.cbp.gov/trade/fakegoodsrealdangers)(source: U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection) Customs and Border Protection - Review: [Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section(opens in a new tab)](https://www.justice.gov/criminal/criminal-ccips) (source: U.S. Department of Justice) *** Surrogacy - New laws make it illegal for Italian citizens, including dual U.S.-Italian citizens, to travel abroad for surrogacy or to arrange it. - Breaking this law can result in up to 2 years in prison and fines of up to \$1 million euros. - The law also affects Italian parents, spouses, or partners of U.S. citizens who use surrogacy. It applies to actions after 2024. *** Domestic Violence U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence may contact the embassy or consulate of their destination for assistance. *** Faith-based travelers - [Faith-Based Travel Information](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/faith-based.html) - [**International Religious Freedom Report**(opens in a new tab)](https://www.state.gov/international-religious-freedom-reports/) – Review country reports - [**Human Rights Report** (opens in a new tab)](https://www.state.gov/reports-bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/)– Review country reports *** International volunteers - [Tips for Volunteering Abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/volunteering.html) *** Gay and lesbian travelers There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of gay and lesbian events in Italy. Same sex civil unions are legally recognized in Italy. - [Gay and Lesbian Travelers](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/gay-lesbian.html) - [Human Rights report(opens in a new tab)](https://www.state.gov/reports-bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/) (section 6) *** Travelers with accessibility needs The law in Italy prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities, and this is enforced. This includes those with physical, sensory, intellectual, or mental disabilities. - Accessibility in Italy is uneven. Most lodgings and buildings are accessible, but public transportation and some services may have limited access. This is especially the case in smaller towns and rural areas. - Passengers with reduced mobility can request free assistance on board trains and in stations that are part of Italian Railway’s Sala Blu network. To receive assistance, passengers must communicate their needs to the railway company or station manager. Bookings should be made at least 24 hours in advance in person, online, by phone and email, or using the SALABLU+ app. For additional information, review the [Sala Blu site(opens in a new tab)](https://www.rfi.it/en/for-persons-with-disability/information-about-the-assistance-of-the-sala-blu-in-one-click.html) or SalaBlu+ app for iOS and Android). - Rental cars with hand controls are available from major rental companies. But it's important to reserve it well in advance. - Equipment and repair services are usually accessible. Sign language interpreters and personal assistants are available in many locations. Contact the U.S. Embassy in Italy for a list of providers. - Italy uses a 220-volt electrical system. You may need a transformer and plug adapter to recharge a power wheelchair. - If traveling with a guide dog, bring the [required EU documents(opens in a new tab)](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/pets-and-other-animals/index_en.htm). Review our [Accessibility Needs](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/accessibility.html) page. *** Students - Tips for [Students Abroad](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/safety-tips/studying.html) - [FBI travel tips(opens in a new tab)](https://ucr.fbi.gov/investigate/counterintelligence/student-brochure) for U.S. students *** Women travelers - [Tips for Women Travelers](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/personal-needs/women.html) ### Health **Health Resources** - [CDC's Italy Traveler Health Information(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/italy) - [CDC's Medical Tourism information(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/medical-tourism) - [NASA's International Air Quality Index(opens in a new tab)](https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/aqforecast) - [Travel Insurance](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) - [WHO's Italy Health Information(opens in a new tab)](https://www.who.int/italy) - [U.S. Embassy in Italy's list of hospitals and doctors in Italy(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/doctors/) *** Emergency number - [Dial 112](tel:112) for emergencies. *** Ambulances - Ambulance services are widely available. - Training and availability of emergency responders may be below U.S. standards. *** Medical insurance - The U.S. government including Department of State, U.S. embassies and U.S. consulates do not pay medical bills. - U.S. Medicare or Medicaid don’t work abroad. - Make sure your insurance plan works abroad. [The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/insurance) provides more information on types of insurance available. - Hospitals and doctors often require payment “up front” prior to service or admission. We strongly recommend [supplemental insurance](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) to cover medical evacuation. *** Pharmaceuticals - The Italian Ministry of Health sets rules on who can bring prescription drugs into Italy, and how to do it. However, the Ministry of Health website does not have information in English. - The Ministry of Health says foreigners can bring up to 30 days' worth of personal medications into Italy. Bring a copy of your prescription. - Don’t bring excess supplies of prescription drugs into the country. - You cannot bring prescription drugs for other people. - Bringing medications into Italy by mail or courier is tightly controlled by Italian Customs. - All medication shipments, even small amounts for personal use, must be cleared by customs. Delays are common. - The person receiving the medication must provide a letter from a doctor in Italy, stating: The medication is essential for the patient’s health and that they would be in a life-threatening situation without it. And, there is no substitute or similar medication available in Italy. - Be careful when purchasing medication abroad. Pharmaceuticals are usually easy to buy with few controls. - Purchase medication in consultation with a medical professional and from trusted places. You must follow the law if you are bringing medication back to the United States. The medication must be for personal use and approved in the United States. Get more information from [U.S. Customs and Border Protection(opens in a new tab)](https://www.cbp.gov/travel/us-citizens/know-before-you-go/prohibited-and-restricted-items) and the [Food and Drug Administration.(opens in a new tab)](https://www.fda.gov/drugs/fda-drug-info-rounds-video/traveling-prescription-medications) *** Vaccinations Stay up to date on all [vaccinations](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/list) recommended by the CDC. For further health information: - [World Health Organization (opens in a new tab)](https://www.who.int/travel-advice) - [U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/italy?s_cid=ncezid-dgmq-travel-single-001) (CDC) *** Air quality Air pollution can be a significant problem in many destination abroad. - Check [NASA’s Air Quality Forecast(opens in a new tab)](https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/aqforecast) It uses AI, historical data, and global pollution models to create a 3-day air quality forecast for Italy. - For information about common air pollutants, check the [CDC’s Air Quality page(opens in a new tab)](https://www.cdc.gov/air-quality/pollutants/). - For information about the U.S. Air Quality Index and health guidance, check out the [EPA’s Air Now(opens in a new tab)](https://www.airnow.gov/aqi/aqi-basics/). - For general information, visit the [Medicine and Health](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/medicine-health.html) page. - Many cities in Italy have air pollution levels similar to those in major U.S. cities. - In some parts of Italy, poor trash disposal and few incineration sites can lead to garbage piling up. In some cases, people have burned the trash, causing harmful fumes that can make breathing problems worse. - Visit the [European Environment Agency’s website(opens in a new tab)](https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/explore-interactive-maps/up-to-date-air-quality-data) for information on air quality in Italy. *** Healthcare facilities The U.S. Embassy maintains a [list of doctors and hospitals](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/doctors/). We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic. - Adequate health facilities are available throughout Italy but may be limited outside cities. Health services, especially at public hospitals, may be below U.S. standards. - Travelers should get all the details about costs, billing, and medical procedures before agreeing to any treatment. - Public hospitals cannot provide an itemized bill, as required by many U.S. insurers. The Italian National Health Service charges one rate for services and room and board. - Private hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of insurance before admitting a patient. You may get reimbursed later by your insurance company. - Medical staff may speak little or no English. (The U.S. Embassy maintains a [list of interpreters(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/local-resources-of-u-s-citizens/translators/). We do not endorse or recommend any specific interpreter.) - In public hospitals, there is usually only a small staff available overnight in non-emergency wards. - In most cases, patients must pay the cost for transfers to or between hospitals. - In Italy, end-of-life instructions are not legal. Hospitals must keep providing life-saving treatments. This is true even if a person has stated their wishes in a will or advance directive. *** Medical tourism and elective surgery Medical tourism is a fast-growing industry: - U.S. citizens seeking healthcare abroad should know that medical systems differ from those in the United States and follow different rules. - Consult your doctor before traveling for medical reasons. - Learn about the risks of [medical tourism(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/medical-tourism) from the CDC and find out how to prepare before traveling to Italy. We strongly recommend [supplemental insurance](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) to cover medical evacuation for unexpected medical complications. *** Water quality and food safety - Tap water in most parts of Italy is safe to drink and meets high safety standards. - Bottled water is widely available and may be preferred by some travelers. - In restaurants and hotels, bottled water is typically offered for purchase. Tap water may not be served unless you ask for it. - Ice in beverages is generally made from potable water. *** Altitude - Most major Italian cities are at or near sea level. However, if you plan to visit mountainous areas such as the Alps or Dolomites, be aware of the symptoms of altitude sickness and take precautions before you travel. - Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about [Travel to High Altitudes(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/travel-to-high-altitudes). *** Adventure travel Review the CDC's information on [Adventure Travel(opens in a new tab)](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/adventure). ### Transportation **Resources** - [Driving and Transportation Safety](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/driving-transportation.html) - [Automobile Club d’Italia (A.C.I.) (opens in a new tab)](https://www.aci.it/laci/driving-in-italy.html) - [Transportation and Driving in Italy(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/local-resources-of-u-s-citizens/transportation-driving/?_ga=1.18951160.1385935530.1457127678) - Dial +407-444-7000 for [AAA](https://www.acg.aaa.com/) information on international driver's licenses *** Road conditions and safety In Italy, you may find very different road conditions than in the United States, such as: - Drivers often disobey the limited traffic signals. - Motor scooters are very popular, and their riders may behave unexpectedly. - Drivers often pass on superhighways (autostrada) at high speeds. - Rural roads are generally narrow and often have no guardrails and inconsistent speed limits. - Be careful when crossing streets. This is true even with a green walk (avanti) light in a marked crosswalk. *** Traffic laws - Seat belt use is mandatory. - When driving outside of cities, you must always use headlights. - In autumn and winter, you must have winter tires or snow chains on certain roads, especially in mountainous regions. - If authorities stop you driving a car registered abroad, you must pay the ticket immediately under certain conditions. Be prepared to pay in cash in local currency. Local police can confiscate your car if you cannot pay the fine. - Authorities fine drivers without the proper permits in historic downtown areas of cities and towns across Italy. - Cameras take pictures of license plates for cars driving illegally in areas that need a permit. The authorities send fines for these violations to the drivers' home in the United States for payment. - For legal advice or to contest a fine, you may wish to consult [a lawyer licensed in Italy(opens in a new tab)](https://it.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/attorneys/). *** Aviation safety oversight The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has found that Italy’s Civil Aviation Authority meets international standards for aviation safety oversight. [FAA’s website(opens in a new tab)](https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/iasa) includes more information on its assessment program. *** Maritime travel Rules for operating and maintaining boats in Italy may be different from those in the United States. New rules went into effect October 2024, but they are not always followed. If you rent a boat or go on a boat trip, ask the vendor or operator about safety measures. You can find information in English about watercraft safety standards in Italy on the Sailing News (Giornale della Vela) website. Mariners planning travel to Italy should check the following: - U.S. Coast Guard Homeport Directory - [U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Advisories](https://www.maritime.dot.gov/msci-advisories "https://www.maritime.dot.gov/msci-advisories") - [MARAD Active Maritime Alerts](https://www.maritime.dot.gov/msci-alerts "https://www.maritime.dot.gov/msci-alerts") - [Maritime Safety Office Navigational Warnings](https://msi.nga.mil/NavWarnings "https://msi.nga.mil/navwarnings") ### Weather Weather The top 3 weather events in Italy are: - **Heatwaves** – High temperatures, especially in summer, are common in the south. - **Thunderstorms** – Heavy rain, lightning, and gusty winds, mainly in spring and summer. - **Snowstorms** – Common in northern and mountainous regions during winter. These events are the most frequent and impactful in Italy. Weather varies by region. The north has more snow and is colder. The south has hotter summers. *** Natural disasters - [Civil Protection Italy(opens in a new tab)](https://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/). - [Ready: Emergency Preparedness Campaign U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)(opens in a new tab)](https://www.ready.gov/). - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia . The Italian Civil Protection agency is well-equipped to help both Italians and visitors during natural disasters. - **Earthquakes:** There are several major fault lines that cross Italy. Earthquakes are frequent. - **Flooding:** High tides in Venice can cause flooding. - **Avalanches:** Common in mountainous areas. May occasionally occur after heavy snowfall in the winter. - **Volcanoes:** There are several active volcanoes, including Mt. Etna in eastern Sicily. Travelers to Sicily should be aware of the possibility of travel disruptions, including airport closures, in the event of volcanic activity. Italy has many other areas of potential volcanic activity, especially near Naples. Any visit to an active volcano or volcanic field is risky. Eruptions can occur with little to no warning. Exercise caution, follow posted instructions, stay on authorized trails, and use well-known tour operators. ### U.S. citizens living abroad Living abroad resources If you live abroad for a long time, you or your family may experience various [life events.](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad.html) - Learn how to prepare for life events like [voting](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/voting.html), getting [married](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/marriage.html), or the [birth of a child](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/birth.html). - Ensure you have a plan for [healthcare or insurance](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/planning/guidance/insurance.html) abroad - Even abroad, you still have [certain obligations](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/federal-benefits-obligations.html) such as paying your U.S. taxes or registering for military selective service. ### Embassies and consulates #### U.S. Embassy Rome Via Vittorio Veneto, 121 00187 Rome, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-06-4674-1](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-1) Emergency after-hours: [\+39-06-4674-1](tel:+39-06-4674-1) Email: [uscitizensrome@state.gov](mailto:uscitizensrome@state.gov) Fax: [\+39-06-4674-2244](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-2244) Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/rome/> *** #### U.S. Embassy to the Holy See Via Sallustiana, 4900162 Rome, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-06-4674-3428](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-3428) Emergency after-hours: [\+39-06-4674-1](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-4674-1) Fax: [\+39-06-575-8346](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-06-575-8346) Website: <https://va.usembassy.gov/> *** #### U.S. Mission to the UN Agencies in Rome Via Boncompagni, 2 00187 Rome, Italy Main telephone: \+39-06-4674-1 Emergency after-hours: \+39-06-4674-1 Email: USUNRome@state.gov Fax: \+39-06-4674-3535 Website: <https://usunrome.usmission.gov/> *** #### U.S. Consulate General Florence Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci, 38 50123 Florence, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-055-266-951](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-055-266-951) Emergency after-hours: [\+39-055-266-951](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-055-266-951) Email: uscitizensflorence@state.gov Fax: [\+39-055-215-550](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-055-215-550) Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/florence/> The Florence consular district includes the regions of Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna (all except the Provinces of Piacenza and Parma), as well as the Republic of San Marino. #### U.S. Consulate General Milan Via Principe Amedeo 2/10 20121 Milano, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-02-290-351](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#te+39-02-290-351) Emergency after-hours: [\+39-02-290-351](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:%20+39-02-290-351) Email: uscitizensmilan@state.gov Fax: \+39-081-583-8275 Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/milan/> The Milan consular district includes the regions of Valle D'Aosta, Piemonte, Lombardia, Veneto, Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Liguria, and Emilia-Romagna (Provinces of Piacenza and Parma only). *** #### U.S. Consulate General Naples Piazza della Repubblica 80122 Naples, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-081-583-8111](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-081-583-8111) Emergency after-hours: [\+39-081-583-8364](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-081-583-8364) Email: uscitizensnaples@state.gov Fax: [\+39-081-583-8275](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-081-583-8275) Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/naples/> The Naples consular district includes the regions of Campania, Molise, Basilicata, Puglia, Calabria, and Sicilia. *** #### U.S. Consular Agent Genoa Via Dante 2 16121 Genoa, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-010-584-492](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-081-583-8275) Emergency after-hours: Please contact the U.S. Consulate General in Milan. Email: uscitizensgenoa@state.gov Fax: [\+39-010-553-3033](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-010-553-3033) Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/milan/consular-agency-genoa/> Hours: Monday through Thursday 11:00 AM-3:00 PM, by appointment only. *** #### U.S. Consular Agent Palermo Via G.B. Vaccarini 1 90143 Palermo, Italy Main telephone: [\+39-091-305-857](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-091-305-857) Emergency after-hours: Please contact the U.S. Consulate General in Naples Email: uscitizenspalermo@state.gov Fax: [\+39-091-625-6026](https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/italy.html#tel:+39-091-625-6026) Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/naples/consular-agency-palermo/> Hours: Monday through Friday 9:00 AM-12:30 PM by appointment only. *** #### U.S. Consular Agent Venice Viale Galileo Galilei 30 30173 Tessera, Italy Website: <https://it.usembassy.gov/embassy-consulates/milan/consular-agency-venice/> The U.S. Consular Agency in Venice is temporarily closed and unable to provide consular services. 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Italy is a peninsula in southern Europe, shaped like a boot. It has a maritime border on the Mediterranean Sea to the west, south, and east. It has land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia. Italy also includes the islands of Sicily and Sardinia. Italy is slightly larger than the state of Arizona. It has 1 time zone called Central European Time (CET), which is 6 hours ahead of Washington, D.C. San Marino is a fully autonomous, independent republic. It is surrounded by north-central Italy. It isn’t part of the EU but has an open border agreement with Italy, so there’s no passport control at its border. San Marino is about 1/3 the size of Washington DC. It uses the euro currency. Vatican City is a city-state fully within Rome, Italy. It isn’t part of the EU but has an open border agreement with Italy, so there’s no passport control at its border with Rome. The Holy See governs the Roman Catholic Church and is based in Vatican City. It is less than 1/4 of a mile in size, making it the smallest country in the world. Vatican City uses the euro currency.