🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 71 (from laksa134)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa071.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://travel-europe.europa.eu/en/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://travel-europe.europa.eu/en/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply","crawl_time":1774609222,"first_indexed_time":1753161444,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"eu,europa!travel-europe,\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply s443","src_root_hash":"8384339340669129071","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Who should apply - ETIAS","meta_descriptions":["Find out which European countries require an ETIAS travel authorisation, who needs to apply and who is exempt."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"European countries requiring ETIAS \nThese 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation:\nAustria\nBelgium\nBulgaria\nCroatia\nCyprus\nCzechia\nDenmark\nEstonia\nFinland\nFrance\nGermany\nGreece\nHungary\nIceland\nItaly\nLatvia\nLiechtenstein\nLithuania\nLuxembourg\nMalta\nNetherlands\nNorway\nPoland\nPortugal\nRomania\nSlovakia\nSlovenia\nSpain\nSweden\nSwitzerland\nNationals of any of\nthese visa-exempt\ncountries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation:\nAlbania\nAntigua and Barbuda\nArgentina\nAustralia\nBarbados\nBosnia and Herzegovina\nBrazil\nBrunei\nCanada\nChile\nColombia\nCosta Rica\nDominica\nEl Salvador\nGeorgia\nGrenada\nGuatemala\nHonduras\nHong Kong\nIsrael\nJapan\nKiribati\nKosovo\nMacao\nMalaysia\nMarshall Islands\nMauritius\nMexico\nMicronesia\nMoldova\nMontenegro\nNew Zealand\nNicaragua\nNorth Macedonia\nPalau\nPanama\nParaguay\nPeru\nSaint Kitts and Nevis\nSaint Lucia\nSaint Vincent and the Grenadines\nSamoa\nSerbia\nSeychelles\nSingapore\nSolomon Islands\nSouth Korea\nTaiwan\nThe Bahamas\nTimor-Leste\nTonga\nTrinidad and Tobago\nTuvalu\nUkraine\nUnited Arab Emirates\nUnited Kingdom\nUnited States\nUruguay\nVenezuela\nIf you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a\nshort-term stay\n, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nThere are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories –\nmake sure to check\nif these apply to the travel document you have.\nIf you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read\nthis FAQ\nfor more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nOther categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation  \nETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries\nIn some cases, nationals of\nvisa-required countries\nmay not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are:\ntravelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip\nThis applies only to students who are nationals of\nvisa-required countries\nresiding on the territory of\nany of these countries\n. You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check\nwhich requirements apply to you\n. You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nImportant:\nTo avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\na recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by\nany of these countries\nor Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit\nYou must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nMake sure to check\nwhich travel requirements apply to you.\nImportant:\nTo avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\nETIAS for stateless persons\nYou will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by\nany of these countries\nor Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit\nYou must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check\nwhich travel requirements apply to you\n.\nImportant:\nTo avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\nWho does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation? \nYou will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\na national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland\nIf you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland,\nyou must use your travel document issued by that European country\nduring your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\na dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country\nIf you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS.\na national of any of\nthese countries\nwho needs a visa to travel to any of the\nEuropean countries requiring ETIAS\nIn certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you.\na national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement\nUK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.\nWithdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\nIn addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.\nFor more information, please\ncheck this website\n.\na national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See\na refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country\na holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland\nTravellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004\/38\/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\na holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus\nTravellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030\/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nHere\nyou can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with\nArticle 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016\/399\n. Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements.\nPlease note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus.\nTravellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\na holder of a\nuniform visa\na holder of a national long-stay visa\na holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the\nLocal Border Traffic\na holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport\nAll visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation.\nThis exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to\nthese European countries\nboth without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa:\n- Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only)\n- Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service\/official passports only)\n- Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only)\nAll other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa.\na holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in\nPart 3\nof\nDecision No 1105\/2011\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council\nImportant:\nyou may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one.\nan intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with\nDirective 2014\/66\/EU\nor\nDirective (EU) 2016\/801\na member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces\nThe exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state.\nImportant:\nIf you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa.\na NATO International Civilian based in any of the\nEuropean countries requiring ETIAS\nor their dependent\nYou will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS.\nIf you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold\na diplomatic, service\/official or special passport\n).\na beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive\nIndividuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay.\nTo benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check\nthis website\n.\nThe same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework.\nCrew members \nYou may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\na civilian air or sea crew member on duty\nSince the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always\ncheck which requirements apply to you\n.\na civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document\nSince the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always\ncheck which requirements apply to you\n.\na crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident\nConditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always\ncheck which requirements apply to you\n.\na civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters\nSince the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always\ncheck which requirements apply to you\n.\nNationals of the United Kingdom  \nUK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period).\nUK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit.\nETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement\nUK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the\nWithdrawal Agreement\nare exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.\nWithdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.\nFor more information, please check\nthis website\n.","attrs_markdown":"![](https:\/\/webtools.europa.eu\/images\/flags\/eu.svg) An official website of the European Union An official EU website\n\nHow do you know?\n\nAll official European Union website addresses are in the **europa.eu** domain.\n\n[See all EU institutions and bodies](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/institutions-law-budget\/institutions-and-bodies\/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en)\n\nThis site uses cookies. Visit our [cookies policy page](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/pub\/cookies-policy) or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.\n\n[Accept all cookies](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#accept) [Accept only essential cookies](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#refuse)\n\nYou need to enable JavaScript to run this app.\n\n[![European Union](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/.resources\/spa-lm\/webresources\/build\/logo\/condensed-version\/positive\/logo-eu--en.svg)](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias)\n\nSWITCH TO\n\n[EES Website](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/ees) [ETIAS Website ✔](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias)\n\nEN\n\nSelect your language\n\nClose\n\nEU official languages\n\n- [bgбългарски](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [csčeština](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [dadansk](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [deDeutsch](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [elελληνικά](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [enEnglish](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [esespañol](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [eteesti](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [fisuomi](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [frfrançais](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [gaGaeilge](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [hrhrvatski](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [humagyar](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [ititaliano](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [ltlietuvių](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [lvlatviešu](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [mtMalti](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [nlNederlands](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [plpolski](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [ptportuguês](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [roromână](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [skslovenčina](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [slslovenščina](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [svsvenska](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n\nOther languages\n\n- [isÍslenska](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n- [noNorsk](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n\nSearch\n\nEuropean Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)\n\nMenu\n\nClose\n\nMenu\n\nBack\n\n- [Travel to Europe](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/pub)\n- [ETIAS Homepage](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias)\n- [About ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n  - [What is ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/what-is-etias)\n  - [Who should apply](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n  - [ETIAS travel authorisation with limited validity](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/etias-travel-authorisation-with-limited-validity)\n  - [News corner](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/news-corner)\n- [How to apply](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n  - [What you need to apply](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/how-to-apply\/what-you-need-to-apply)\n  - [Applying on behalf of others](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/how-to-apply\/applying-on-behalf-of-others)\n- [Your rights](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/en\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply)\n  - [Your right to appeal](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/your-rights\/your-right-to-appeal)\n  - [Report abuse](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/your-rights\/report-abuse)\n- [FAQ](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq)\n\n![ETIAS - Who should apply](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/dam\/jcr:4a0e6e5e-f39e-4ab2-b60d-a948e941a988\/Who%20should%20apply%20baner.jpg)\n\n# Who should apply\nFind out which European countries require an ETIAS travel authorisation, who needs to apply and who is exempt.\n\n1. [European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/ltr)\n2. [About ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/ltr\/about-etias)\n3. Who should apply\n\n**ETIAS will start operations in the last quarter of 2026.**  \nNo action is required from travellers at this point.  \nThe European Union will inform about the specific date for the start of ETIAS several months prior to its launch.\n\nPage contents\n\n- [European countries requiring ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias)\n- [Who needs an ETIAS travel authorisation](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation)\n- [Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-does-not-need-an-etias-travel-authorisation)\n- [Crew members](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#crew-members)\n- [Nationals of the United Kingdom](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#nationals-of-the-united-kingdom)\n\n## European countries requiring ETIAS\nThese 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation:\n\nAustria\n\nBelgium\n\nBulgaria\n\nCroatia\n\nCyprus\n\nCzechia\n\nDenmark\n\nEstonia\n\nFinland\n\nFrance\n\nGermany\n\nGreece\n\nHungary\n\nIceland\n\nItaly\n\nLatvia\n\nLiechtenstein\n\nLithuania\n\nLuxembourg\n\nMalta\n\nNetherlands\n\nNorway\n\nPoland\n\nPortugal\n\nRomania\n\nSlovakia\n\nSlovenia\n\nSpain\n\nSweden\n\nSwitzerland\n## Who needs an ETIAS travel authorisation\nNationals of any of [these visa-exempt](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_II) countries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation:\n\nAlbania\n\nAntigua and Barbuda\n\nArgentina\n\nAustralia\n\nBarbados\n\nBosnia and Herzegovina\n\nBrazil\n\nBrunei\n\nCanada\n\nChile\n\nColombia\n\nCosta Rica\n\nDominica\n\nEl Salvador\n\nGeorgia\n\nGrenada\n\nGuatemala\n\nHonduras\n\nHong Kong\n\nIsrael\n\nJapan\n\nKiribati\n\nKosovo\n\nMacao\n\nMalaysia\n\nMarshall Islands\n\nMauritius\n\nMexico\n\nMicronesia\n\nMoldova\n\nMontenegro\n\nNew Zealand\n\nNicaragua\n\nNorth Macedonia\n\nPalau\n\nPanama\n\nParaguay\n\nPeru\n\nSaint Kitts and Nevis\n\nSaint Lucia\n\nSaint Vincent and the Grenadines\n\nSamoa\n\nSerbia\n\nSeychelles\n\nSingapore\n\nSolomon Islands\n\nSouth Korea\n\nTaiwan\n\nThe Bahamas\n\nTimor-Leste\n\nTonga\n\nTrinidad and Tobago\n\nTuvalu\n\nUkraine\n\nUnited Arab Emirates\n\nUnited Kingdom\n\nUnited States\n\nUruguay\n\nVenezuela\n\nIf you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a [short-term stay](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/what-is-etias#validity-period-of-your-etias), you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n\nThere are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories – [make sure to check](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/how-to-apply\/what-you-need-to-apply) if these apply to the travel document you have.\n\nIf you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read [this FAQ](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-who-counts-as-family-member) for more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n### Other categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation\n**ETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries**\n\nIn some cases, nationals of [visa-required countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) may not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are:\n\n- **travelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip**  \n    \n  This applies only to students who are nationals of [visa-required countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) residing on the territory of [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation). You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check [which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-school-trip). You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation.  \n    \n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n\n- **a recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit**  \n    \n  You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Make sure to check](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless) which travel requirements apply to you.  \n    \n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n\n**ETIAS for stateless persons**\n\n- **You will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit**  \n    \n  You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check [which travel requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless).  \n    \n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n## Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation?\nYou will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\n\n- **a national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland**  \n    \n  If you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland, [you must use your travel document issued by that European country](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-multiple-nationalities) during your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country**  \n    \n  If you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a national of any of [these countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) who needs a visa to travel to any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias)**  \n    \n  In certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you.\n\n- **a national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement**  \n    \n  UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.  \n    \n  Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.  \n    \n  In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.  \n    \n  For more information, please [check this website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/brexit-residence-rights\/uk-nationals-living-in-eu\/index_en.htm).\n\n- **a national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See**\n\n- **a refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country**\n\n- **a holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland**\n  Travellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004\/38\/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n\n- **a holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus**  \n    \n  Travellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030\/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.  \n    \n  [Here](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/94241914-26f6-464d-be28-c601d8ded4d5_de) you can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with [Article 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016\/399](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A32016R0399). Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements.  \n    \n  Please note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus.  \n    \n  Travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a holder of a [uniform visa](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A01995R1683-20170817#tocId11)**\n\n- **a holder of a national long-stay visa**\n\n- **a holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the [Local Border Traffic](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX:32006R1931R\\(01\\))**\n\n- **a holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport**  \n    \n  All visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation.  \n    \n  This exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to [these European countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) both without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa:  \n    \n  \\- Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only)  \n  \\- Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service\/official passports only)  \n  \\- Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only)  \n    \n  All other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa.\n\n- **a holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in [Part 3](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/travel-documents-issued-international-organisations-and-other-entities-subject-international-law_en) of [Decision No 1105\/2011\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32011D1105)**\n  **Important:** you may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one.\n\n- **an intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with [Directive 2014\/66\/EU](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=celex%3A32014L0066) or [Directive (EU) 2016\/801](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:02016L0801-20211117)**\n\n- **a member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces**  \n    \n  The exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state.  \n    \n  **Important:** If you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa.\n\n- **a NATO International Civilian based in any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) or their dependent**  \n    \n  You will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS.  \n    \n  If you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold [a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#diplomatic-service-special-passport)).\n\n- **a beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive**  \n    \n  Individuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay.  \n    \n  To benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check [this website](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en?prefLang=de).  \n    \n  The same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework.\n## Crew members\nYou may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\n\n- **a civilian air or sea crew member on duty**  \n    \n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document**  \n    \n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident**  \n    \n  Conditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters**  \n    \n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n## Nationals of the United Kingdom\nUK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period).\n\nUK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit.\n\n**ETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement**\n\nUK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the [Withdrawal Agreement](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?qid=1580206007232&uri=CELEX%3A12019W\/TXT%2802%29) are exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.  \n  \nWithdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.\n\nFor more information, please check [this website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/brexit-residence-rights\/uk-nationals-living-in-eu\/index_en.htm).\n\nBack to top\n\nTravel to Europe\n\nThe content of this site is overseen by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs. The development and hosting are provided by the European Union Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (eu-LISA).\n\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/pub\/accessibility)\n- [Privacy policy for EES and ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/pub\/privacy-policy-ees-etias)\n- [Report an issue on ETIAS website](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/report-an-issue)\n\n[![European Union](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/.resources\/spa-lm\/webresources\/build\/logo\/standard-version\/positive\/logo-eu--en.svg)](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\n- [Discover more on europa.eu](https:\/\/europa.eu\/)\n\nContact the EU\n\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/call-us_en)\n- [Meet us at one of the EU centres](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/meet-us_en)\n- [Write to us via our contact form](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/write-us_en)\n\nSocial media\n\n- [Search for EU social media channels](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/social-media-channels_en)\n\nLegal\n\n- [Languages on our websites](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/languages-our-websites_en)\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/privacy-policy_en)\n- [Legal notice](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/legal-notice_en)\n- [Cookies](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/pub\/ltr\/cookies-policy)\n\nEU institutions and bodies\n\n- [Search all EU institutions and bodies](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/institutions-law-budget\/institutions-and-bodies\/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en)\n\nSearch\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the filter display\n\nClose","attrs_readable_markdown":"## European countries requiring ETIAS\nThese 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation:\n\nAustria\n\nBelgium\n\nBulgaria\n\nCroatia\n\nCyprus\n\nCzechia\n\nDenmark\n\nEstonia\n\nFinland\n\nFrance\n\nGermany\n\nGreece\n\nHungary\n\nIceland\n\nItaly\n\nLatvia\n\nLiechtenstein\n\nLithuania\n\nLuxembourg\n\nMalta\n\nNetherlands\n\nNorway\n\nPoland\n\nPortugal\n\nRomania\n\nSlovakia\n\nSlovenia\n\nSpain\n\nSweden\n\nSwitzerland\n\nNationals of any of [these visa-exempt](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_II) countries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation:\n\nAlbania\n\nAntigua and Barbuda\n\nArgentina\n\nAustralia\n\nBarbados\n\nBosnia and Herzegovina\n\nBrazil\n\nBrunei\n\nCanada\n\nChile\n\nColombia\n\nCosta Rica\n\nDominica\n\nEl Salvador\n\nGeorgia\n\nGrenada\n\nGuatemala\n\nHonduras\n\nHong Kong\n\nIsrael\n\nJapan\n\nKiribati\n\nKosovo\n\nMacao\n\nMalaysia\n\nMarshall Islands\n\nMauritius\n\nMexico\n\nMicronesia\n\nMoldova\n\nMontenegro\n\nNew Zealand\n\nNicaragua\n\nNorth Macedonia\n\nPalau\n\nPanama\n\nParaguay\n\nPeru\n\nSaint Kitts and Nevis\n\nSaint Lucia\n\nSaint Vincent and the Grenadines\n\nSamoa\n\nSerbia\n\nSeychelles\n\nSingapore\n\nSolomon Islands\n\nSouth Korea\n\nTaiwan\n\nThe Bahamas\n\nTimor-Leste\n\nTonga\n\nTrinidad and Tobago\n\nTuvalu\n\nUkraine\n\nUnited Arab Emirates\n\nUnited Kingdom\n\nUnited States\n\nUruguay\n\nVenezuela\n\nIf you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a [short-term stay](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/what-is-etias#validity-period-of-your-etias), you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n\nThere are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories – [make sure to check](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/how-to-apply\/what-you-need-to-apply) if these apply to the travel document you have.\n\nIf you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read [this FAQ](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-who-counts-as-family-member) for more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n### Other categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation\n**ETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries**\n\nIn some cases, nationals of [visa-required countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) may not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are:\n\n- **travelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip**\n  This applies only to students who are nationals of [visa-required countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) residing on the territory of [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation). You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check [which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-school-trip). You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n\n- **a recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit**\n  You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Make sure to check](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless) which travel requirements apply to you.\n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n\n**ETIAS for stateless persons**\n\n- **You will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit**\n  You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check [which travel requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless).\n  **Important:** To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa.\n## Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation?\nYou will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\n\n- **a national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland**\n  If you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland, [you must use your travel document issued by that European country](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-multiple-nationalities) during your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country**\n  If you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a national of any of [these countries](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) who needs a visa to travel to any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias)**\n  In certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you.\n\n- **a national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement**\n  UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.\n  Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\n  In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.\n  For more information, please [check this website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/brexit-residence-rights\/uk-nationals-living-in-eu\/index_en.htm).\n\n- **a national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See**\n\n- **a refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country**\n\n- **a holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland**\n  Travellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004\/38\/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n\n- **a holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus**\n  Travellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030\/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n  [Here](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/94241914-26f6-464d-be28-c601d8ded4d5_de) you can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with [Article 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016\/399](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/DE\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A32016R0399). Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements.\n  Please note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus.\n  Travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS.\n\n- **a holder of a [uniform visa](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A01995R1683-20170817#tocId11)**\n\n- **a holder of a national long-stay visa**\n\n- **a holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the [Local Border Traffic](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX:32006R1931R\\(01\\))**\n\n- **a holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport**\n  All visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation.\n  This exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to [these European countries](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) both without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa:\n  \\- Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only)  \n  \\- Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service\/official passports only)  \n  \\- Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only)\n  All other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa.\n\n- **a holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in [Part 3](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/travel-documents-issued-international-organisations-and-other-entities-subject-international-law_en) of [Decision No 1105\/2011\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32011D1105)**\n  **Important:** you may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one.\n\n- **an intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with [Directive 2014\/66\/EU](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=celex%3A32014L0066) or [Directive (EU) 2016\/801](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:02016L0801-20211117)**\n\n- **a member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces**\n  The exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state.\n  **Important:** If you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa.\n\n- **a NATO International Civilian based in any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) or their dependent**\n  You will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS.\n  If you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold [a diplomatic, service\/official or special passport](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/about-etias\/who-should-apply#diplomatic-service-special-passport)).\n\n- **a beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive**\n  Individuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay.\n  To benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check [this website](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en?prefLang=de).\n  The same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework.\n## Crew members\nYou may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are:\n\n- **a civilian air or sea crew member on duty**\n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document**\n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident**\n  Conditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n\n- **a civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters**\n  Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https:\/\/travel-europe.europa.eu\/etias\/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew).\n## Nationals of the United Kingdom\nUK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period).\n\nUK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit.\n\n**ETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement**\n\nUK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the [Withdrawal Agreement](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?qid=1580206007232&uri=CELEX%3A12019W\/TXT%2802%29) are exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document.\n\nWithdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus.\n\nFor more information, please check [this website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/brexit-residence-rights\/uk-nationals-living-in-eu\/index_en.htm).","meta_canonical":null}

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Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://travel-europe.europa.eu/en/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply
Last Crawled	2026-03-27 11:00:22 (18 days ago)
First Indexed	2025-07-22 05:17:24 (8 months ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Who should apply - ETIAS
Meta Description	Find out which European countries require an ETIAS travel authorisation, who needs to apply and who is exempt.
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	European countries requiring ETIAS These 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation: Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czechia Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Nationals of any of these visa-exempt countries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation: Albania Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Barbados Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Brunei Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominica El Salvador Georgia Grenada Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong Israel Japan Kiribati Kosovo Macao Malaysia Marshall Islands Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Montenegro New Zealand Nicaragua North Macedonia Palau Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Serbia Seychelles Singapore Solomon Islands South Korea Taiwan The Bahamas Timor-Leste Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tuvalu Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela If you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a short-term stay , you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation. There are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories – make sure to check if these apply to the travel document you have. If you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read this FAQ for more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Other categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation ETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries In some cases, nationals of visa-required countries may not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are: travelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip This applies only to students who are nationals of visa-required countries residing on the territory of any of these countries . You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check which requirements apply to you . You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. a recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by any of these countries or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check which travel requirements apply to you. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. ETIAS for stateless persons You will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by any of these countries or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check which travel requirements apply to you . Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation? You will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: a national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland If you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you must use your travel document issued by that European country during your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. a dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country If you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS. a national of any of these countries who needs a visa to travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS In certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you. a national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please check this website . a national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See a refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country a holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland Travellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004/38/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. a holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus Travellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. Here you can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with Article 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016/399 . Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements. Please note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus. Travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. a holder of a uniform visa a holder of a national long-stay visa a holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the Local Border Traffic a holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport All visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. This exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to these European countries both without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa: - Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only) - Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service/official passports only) - Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only) All other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa. a holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in Part 3 of Decision No 1105/2011/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council Important: you may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one. an intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with Directive 2014/66/EU or Directive (EU) 2016/801 a member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces The exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state. Important: If you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa. a NATO International Civilian based in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or their dependent You will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS. If you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold a diplomatic, service/official or special passport ). a beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive Individuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay. To benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check this website . The same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework. Crew members You may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: a civilian air or sea crew member on duty Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always check which requirements apply to you . a civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document Since the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always check which requirements apply to you . a crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident Conditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always check which requirements apply to you . a civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always check which requirements apply to you . Nationals of the United Kingdom UK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period). UK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit. ETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement are exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please check this website .
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[European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/ltr) 2. [About ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/ltr/about-etias) 3. Who should apply ETIAS will start operations in the last quarter of 2026. No action is required from travellers at this point. The European Union will inform about the specific date for the start of ETIAS several months prior to its launch. Page contents - [European countries requiring ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) - [Who needs an ETIAS travel authorisation](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) - [Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-does-not-need-an-etias-travel-authorisation) - [Crew members](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#crew-members) - [Nationals of the United Kingdom](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#nationals-of-the-united-kingdom) ## European countries requiring ETIAS These 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation: Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czechia Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland ## Who needs an ETIAS travel authorisation Nationals of any of [these visa-exempt](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_II) countries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation: Albania Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Barbados Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Brunei Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominica El Salvador Georgia Grenada Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong Israel Japan Kiribati Kosovo Macao Malaysia Marshall Islands Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Montenegro New Zealand Nicaragua North Macedonia Palau Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Serbia Seychelles Singapore Solomon Islands South Korea Taiwan The Bahamas Timor-Leste Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tuvalu Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela If you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a [short-term stay](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/what-is-etias#validity-period-of-your-etias), you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation. There are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories – [make sure to check](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/how-to-apply/what-you-need-to-apply) if these apply to the travel document you have. If you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read [this FAQ](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-who-counts-as-family-member) for more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation. ### Other categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation ETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries In some cases, nationals of [visa-required countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) may not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are: - travelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip This applies only to students who are nationals of [visa-required countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) residing on the territory of [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation). You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check [which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-school-trip). You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. - a recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Make sure to check](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless) which travel requirements apply to you. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. ETIAS for stateless persons - You will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check [which travel requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless). Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. ## Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation? You will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: - a national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland If you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland, [you must use your travel document issued by that European country](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-multiple-nationalities) during your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. - a dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country If you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS. - a national of any of [these countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) who needs a visa to travel to any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) In certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you. - a national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please [check this website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/residence/brexit-residence-rights/uk-nationals-living-in-eu/index_en.htm). - a national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See - a refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country - a holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland Travellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004/38/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. - a holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus Travellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Here](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/94241914-26f6-464d-be28-c601d8ded4d5_de) you can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with [Article 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016/399](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32016R0399). Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements. Please note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus. Travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. - a holder of a [uniform visa](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A01995R1683-20170817#tocId11) - a holder of a national long-stay visa - a holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the [Local Border Traffic](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32006R1931R\(01\)) - a holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport All visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. This exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to [these European countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) both without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa: \- Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only) \- Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service/official passports only) \- Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only) All other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa. - a holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in [Part 3](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/travel-documents-issued-international-organisations-and-other-entities-subject-international-law_en) of [Decision No 1105/2011/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32011D1105) Important: you may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one. - an intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with [Directive 2014/66/EU](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32014L0066) or [Directive (EU) 2016/801](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02016L0801-20211117) - a member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces The exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state. Important: If you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa. - a NATO International Civilian based in any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) or their dependent You will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS. If you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold [a diplomatic, service/official or special passport](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#diplomatic-service-special-passport)). - a beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive Individuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay. To benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check [this website](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en?prefLang=de). The same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework. ## Crew members You may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: - a civilian air or sea crew member on duty Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document Since the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident Conditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). ## Nationals of the United Kingdom UK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period). UK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit. ETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the [Withdrawal Agreement](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1580206007232&uri=CELEX%3A12019W/TXT%2802%29) are exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please check [this website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/residence/brexit-residence-rights/uk-nationals-living-in-eu/index_en.htm). Back to top Travel to Europe The content of this site is overseen by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs. 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Readable Markdown	## European countries requiring ETIAS These 30 European countries require visa-exempt travellers to have an ETIAS travel authorisation: Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czechia Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Nationals of any of [these visa-exempt](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_II) countries and territories need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation: Albania Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Australia Barbados Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Brunei Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominica El Salvador Georgia Grenada Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong Israel Japan Kiribati Kosovo Macao Malaysia Marshall Islands Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Montenegro New Zealand Nicaragua North Macedonia Palau Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Serbia Seychelles Singapore Solomon Islands South Korea Taiwan The Bahamas Timor-Leste Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tuvalu Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela If you come from any of these countries or territories and you plan to visit any of the 30 European countries listed above for a [short-term stay](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/what-is-etias#validity-period-of-your-etias), you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation. There are specific travel document requirements for nationals of certain visa-exempt countries or territories – [make sure to check](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/how-to-apply/what-you-need-to-apply) if these apply to the travel document you have. If you come from any of the visa-exempt countries or territories listed above and you are a family member of an EU citizen or of a national of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland, please read [this FAQ](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-who-counts-as-family-member) for more information about applying for an ETIAS travel authorisation. ### Other categories of travellers who need an ETIAS travel authorisation ETIAS for nationals of visa-required countries In some cases, nationals of [visa-required countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) may not need to apply for a visa and can travel with an ETIAS travel authorisation instead. This applies to you if you are: - travelling to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS on a school trip This applies only to students who are nationals of [visa-required countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) residing on the territory of [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation). You must be travelling together with other school pupils and be accompanied by a schoolteacher. Also, you must be exempt from the requirement to have a visa to enter the territory of all the European countries requiring ETIAS which you intend to visit during your trip – make sure to check [which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-school-trip). You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. - a recognised refugee who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Make sure to check](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless) which travel requirements apply to you. Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. ETIAS for stateless persons - You will need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are a stateless person who resides in and holds a travel document issued by [any of these countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#who-needs-an-etias-travel-authorisation) or Ireland and you are not required to have a visa to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS you intend to visit You must meet all these conditions to be eligible for an ETIAS travel authorisation. Make sure to check [which travel requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-refugee-stateless). Important: To avoid any problems at the border, before your travel, please contact the Consulates of all the countries you intend to visit to confirm that your personal situation exempts you from the obligation to have a visa. ## Who does not need an ETIAS travel authorisation? You will not need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: - a national of a European country requiring ETIAS or of Ireland If you have multiple nationalities and one of them is from a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland, [you must use your travel document issued by that European country](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-multiple-nationalities) during your trip to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. - a dual national of a European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland and of a visa-exempt country If you are a citizen of any of the European countries requiring ETIAS or Ireland, you are exempt from ETIAS regardless of any other nationality you may hold. In this case, you must travel with the passport issued by the European country requiring ETIAS or Ireland. If your passport has expired or cannot be used, you should contact the diplomatic or consular authorities of the country that issued it, who can advise you on how to obtain a new travel document. Otherwise, you will not be able to travel to the European countries requiring ETIAS. - a national of any of [these countries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R1806-20250203#anx_I) who needs a visa to travel to any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) In certain cases, nationals of the above countries may be exempt from the obligation to have a visa. In those cases, you may need an ETIAS travel authorisation instead – check the lists above whether this applies to you. - a national of the United Kingdom who is a beneficiary of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement and hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format are exempt from ETIAS: they may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please [check this website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/residence/brexit-residence-rights/uk-nationals-living-in-eu/index_en.htm). - a national of Andorra, San Marino, Monaco, and holder of a passport issued by the Vatican City State or the Holy See - a refugee, a stateless person or a person who does not hold the nationality of any country and you reside in any of the European countries requiring ETIAS and hold a travel document issued by that country - a holder of a residence card issued by any European country requiring ETIAS or by Ireland Travellers holding a residence card issued pursuant to Directive 2004/38/EC by any European country requiring ETIAS, or by Ireland, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. - a holder of a residence permit issued by any European country requiring ETIAS except for Cyprus Travellers holding a residence permit issued pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 1030/2002, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, by any European country requiring ETIAS, except for Cyprus, do not need an ETIAS travel authorisation. [Here](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/94241914-26f6-464d-be28-c601d8ded4d5_de) you can see an indicative list of the relevant residence permits excepting their holders from ETIAS. Other documents authorising your stay on the territory of these countries are also accepted, if they are in line with [Article 2, point 16, of Regulation (EU) 2016/399](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32016R0399). Please consult the issuing authority to confirm that your document meets these requirements. Please note that travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot residence permit when travelling to Cyprus. Travellers holding a residence permit, including a residence document issued under the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, issued by Ireland also need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. - a holder of a [uniform visa](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A01995R1683-20170817#tocId11) - a holder of a national long-stay visa - a holder of a local border traffic permit, but only within the context of the [Local Border Traffic](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32006R1931R\(01\)) - a holder of a diplomatic, service or special passport All visa-free nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are exempt from the requirement to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. This exemption also applies to visa-required nationals whose countries have concluded international agreements with the EU allowing the holders of diplomatic, service, or special passports to travel without a visa. This means that nationals of the following countries can travel to [these European countries](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) both without an ETIAS travel authorisation and without a visa: \- Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (holders of diplomatic passports only) \- Cape Verde (holders of diplomatic and service/official passports only) \- Belarus (holders of diplomatic biometric passports only) All other visa-required nationals who travel with a diplomatic, service/official or special passport are also exempt from the obligation to hold an ETIAS travel authorisation. However, they may be obliged to have a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you fall in this category, make sure to contact the consulates of the countries you intend to travel to, to check if you need a visa. - a holder of a travel document issued by intergovernmental international organisations provided for in [Part 3](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/travel-documents-issued-international-organisations-and-other-entities-subject-international-law_en) of [Decision No 1105/2011/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32011D1105) Important: you may still need a visa to visit the European countries requiring ETIAS. Before you travel, always check with the relevant consulates if you need one. - an intra-corporate transferee, a student or a researcher exercising your right to mobility in accordance with [Directive 2014/66/EU](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32014L0066) or [Directive (EU) 2016/801](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02016L0801-20211117) - a member of the armed forces travelling on NATO or Partnership for Peace business, who holds an identification and individual or collective movement order provided for by the Agreement between the parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces The exemption may also apply to civilian component or dependents referred to in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement who are joining or accompanying the NATO force and are nationals of the sending state. Important: If you are travelling for private purposes for part or for the whole duration of your trip to a European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS or a visa. - a NATO International Civilian based in any of the [European countries requiring ETIAS](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#european-countries-requiring-etias) or their dependent You will need to prove your status when you enter any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. If you cannot prove your status because the appropriate documentation is not yet ready, you will need to be in possession of an ETIAS travel authorisation. Once you obtain the relevant documentation, your personal data will be deleted from ETIAS. If you are hired to fill a short-term vacancy of up to 90 days in any European country requiring ETIAS, you will need an ETIAS travel authorisation unless you can benefit from any other exemption (e.g., you hold [a diplomatic, service/official or special passport](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/about-etias/who-should-apply#diplomatic-service-special-passport)). - a beneficiary of the Temporary Protection Directive Individuals who benefit from the application of the Temporary Protection Directive do not need to apply for an ETIAS travel authorisation since they are entitled to remain in the territory of the EU Member States for longer than a short stay. To benefit from this exemption, you need to demonstrate that you are a beneficiary of temporary protection. For more information on the Temporary Protection Directive, please check [this website](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en?prefLang=de). The same rights and conditions apply to beneficiaries of temporary protection provided by Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland according to their national legal framework. ## Crew members You may need an ETIAS travel authorisation if you are: - a civilian air or sea crew member on duty Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for air and sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a civilian sea crew member going ashore holding a seafarer's identity document Since the European countries requiring ETIAS countries have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a crew or member of an emergency or rescue mission in the event of a disaster or an accident Conditions for the entry and exit of members of rescue services, police, fire brigades acting in emergency situations as well as border guards crossing the border in exercise of their professional tasks are laid down by national law. The European countries requiring ETIAS may also conclude bilateral agreements with non-EU countries for these categories of persons. Before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). - a civilian crew member of ships navigating in international inland waters Since the European countries requiring ETIAS have different requirements for sea crew members, before you travel, always [check which requirements apply to you](https://travel-europe.europa.eu/etias/faq#exceptions-civilian-air-sea-crew). ## Nationals of the United Kingdom UK nationals are required to have a valid ETIAS travel authorisation if they travel to any of the European countries requiring ETIAS for a short-term stay (90 days in any 180-day period). UK nationals who wish to stay longer must meet the entry requirements in accordance with national or EU migration law, such as holding a visa or residence permit. ETIAS exemptions for UK nationals who are beneficiaries of the Withdrawal Agreement UK nationals and their family members who are beneficiaries of the [Withdrawal Agreement](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1580206007232&uri=CELEX%3A12019W/TXT%2802%29) are exempt from ETIAS if they hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued in the uniform format by any of the European countries requiring ETIAS. They may reside on the territory of their EU host country and may travel to other European countries requiring ETIAS based on their Withdrawal Agreement residence document. Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries whose host country is Ireland are not exempt from ETIAS, and they will need to have a valid travel authorisation to travel to any of the 30 European countries requiring ETIAS. In addition, Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries who hold a Withdrawal Agreement residence document issued by Cyprus need an ETIAS travel authorisation to visit any of the other European countries requiring ETIAS. ETIAS is not required for holders of a valid Cypriot Withdrawal Agreement residence document when travelling to Cyprus. For more information, please check [this website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/residence/brexit-residence-rights/uk-nationals-living-in-eu/index_en.htm).
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