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1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 129 (from laksa074)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa129.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/","crawl_time":1766913139,"first_indexed_time":0,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"gov,nih!nlm,ncbi,pmc,\/articles\/PMC6145972\/ s443","src_root_hash":"7295144728021232729","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Books: The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump: 27 Psychiatrists and Mental Health Experts Assess a President: Assessing Dangerousness - PMC","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"In  The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump , a book published in October 2017, 27 psychiatrists and others point to the dangerousness of this president. They agree that, although a diagnosis should not be made without examination of the patient, dangerousness may be assessed from observed behaviour. A forensic psychiatrist, who has studied the principles on which the assessment of current and future dangerousness in violent criminals is based, concludes:\n ‘Trump is now the most powerful head of state in the world, and one of the most impulsive, arrogant, ignorant, disorganised, chaotic, nihilistic, self-contradictory, self-important, and self-serving. He has his finger on the triggers of a thousand or more of the most powerful thermonuclear weapons in the world. That means he could kill more people in a few seconds than any dictator in past history has been able to kill during his entire years in power.’ The authors also consider the ‘Trump effect’ on society, and the malignant normality that is established — what was previously considered unthinkable becomes the norm. Some therapists have seen patients suffering from trauma and re-trauma resulting from the president’s actions, which mimic those of an aggressive abuser, and there were reports of an increase in anti-Jewish and anti-Muslim incidents immediately after his inauguration in January 2017. The book addresses the dilemma about whether health professionals should make public statements about their concerns. Do they have a duty to warn and speak out? The authors of the essays conclude that indeed they do have this duty when the consequences of not doing so might be so catastrophic. A bill has been introduced to Congress to mandate a procedure for medically and psychiatrically evaluating a president who is suspected of being unfit to perform their duties. Dr Bandy Lee organised a conference at Yale in April 2017 with the title ‘A Duty to Warn’, and this book is an extended version of the proceedings. Although there is some inevitable repetition among the 27 authors, the book’s three-section structure — the Trump phenomenon, the Trump dilemma (is there a duty to warn?), and the Trump effect (on American society) — helps to steer the reader through. Some chapters are brilliantly clear, others less so, but this doesn’t detract from the consensus: Trump poses a great danger to the future of humanity and the planet. A chilling read.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/#main-content)\n\n![](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/us_flag.svg)\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere's how you know\n\nHere's how you know\n\n![](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/icon-dot-gov.svg)\n\n**Official websites use .gov**   \n A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.\n\n![](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/icon-https.svg)\n\n**Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**   \n A **lock** ( Locked padlock icon) or **https:\/\/** means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.\n\n[![NCBI home page](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/ncbi-logos\/nih-nlm-ncbi--white.svg)](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n\nSearch\n\nLog in\n\n- [Dashboard](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/myncbi\/)\n- [Publications](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/myncbi\/collections\/bibliography\/)\n- [Account settings](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/account\/settings\/)\n- Log out\n\nPrimary site navigation\n\n![Close](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/usa-icons\/close.svg)\n\nLogged in as:\n\n- [Dashboard](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/myncbi\/)\n- [Publications](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/myncbi\/collections\/bibliography\/)\n- [Account settings](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/account\/settings\/)\n\nLog in\n\n- [Journal List](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/journals\/)\n- [User Guide](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/userguide\/)\n\n- ## PERMALINK\n  Copy\n\nAs a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health.  \n Learn more: [PMC Disclaimer](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/disclaimer\/) \\|  [PMC Copyright Notice](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/copyright\/)\n\n![The British Journal of General Practice logo](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/banners\/logo-brjgenprac.jpg)\n\nBr J Gen Pract\n\n. 2018 Oct;68(675):490. doi: [10\\.3399\/bjgp18X699269](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3399\/bjgp18X699269)\n\n- [Search in PMC](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/search\/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D)\n- [Search in PubMed](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D)\n- [View in NLM Catalog](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nlmcatalog?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5BTitle%20Abbreviation%5D)\n- [Add to search](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D)\n\n# Books: *The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump: 27 Psychiatrists and Mental Health Experts Assess a President*\nAssessing Dangerousness\n\nReviewed by: [Rosemary Field](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=%22Field%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D)\n\n### Rosemary Field\n1Email: rosemary.field@phonecoop.coop\n\nRetired GP\n\nFind articles by [Rosemary Field](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=%22Field%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D)\n\n1\n\nBandy Lee. Thomas Dunne Books. *,*2017\\. *, HB,*360\\. *pp, £*21\\.59. *,* ISBN: 978-1250179456.\n\n- Author information\n- Copyright and License information\n\n1Email: rosemary.field@phonecoop.coop\n\n#### Roles\n**Rosemary Field**: Retired GP\n\n© British Journal of General Practice 2018\n\n[PMC Copyright notice](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/copyright\/)\n\nPMCID: PMC6145972 PMID: [30262624](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30262624\/)\n\n***\n![graphic file with name bjgpOct-2018-68-675-490-1.jpg](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/blobs\/68cd\/6145972\/d9688da903d3\/bjgpOct-2018-68-675-490-1.jpg)\n\n[Open in a new tab](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/figure\/fig1\/)\n\nIn *The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump*, a book published in October 2017, 27 psychiatrists and others point to the dangerousness of this president. They agree that, although a diagnosis should not be made without examination of the patient, dangerousness may be assessed from observed behaviour.\n\nA forensic psychiatrist, who has studied the principles on which the assessment of current and future dangerousness in violent criminals is based, concludes:\n\n> ‘Trump is now the most powerful head of state in the world, and one of the most impulsive, arrogant, ignorant, disorganised, chaotic, nihilistic, self-contradictory, self-important, and self-serving. He has his finger on the triggers of a thousand or more of the most powerful thermonuclear weapons in the world. That means he could kill more people in a few seconds than any dictator in past history has been able to kill during his entire years in power.’\n\nThe authors also consider the ‘Trump effect’ on society, and the malignant normality that is established — what was previously considered unthinkable becomes the norm. Some therapists have seen patients suffering from trauma and re-trauma resulting from the president’s actions, which mimic those of an aggressive abuser, and there were reports of an increase in anti-Jewish and anti-Muslim incidents immediately after his inauguration in January 2017.\n\nThe book addresses the dilemma about whether health professionals should make public statements about their concerns. Do they have a duty to warn and speak out? The authors of the essays conclude that indeed they do have this duty when the consequences of not doing so might be so catastrophic.\n\nA bill has been introduced to Congress to mandate a procedure for medically and psychiatrically evaluating a president who is suspected of being unfit to perform their duties.\n\nDr Bandy Lee organised a conference at Yale in April 2017 with the title ‘A Duty to Warn’, and this book is an extended version of the proceedings. Although there is some inevitable repetition among the 27 authors, the book’s three-section structure — the Trump phenomenon, the Trump dilemma (is there a duty to warn?), and the Trump effect (on American society) — helps to steer the reader through.\n\nSome chapters are brilliantly clear, others less so, but this doesn’t detract from the consensus: Trump poses a great danger to the future of humanity and the planet.\n\nA chilling read.\n\n***\nArticles from The British Journal of General Practice are provided here courtesy of **Royal College of General Practitioners**\n\n![Close](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/static\/img\/usa-icons\/close.svg)\n\n## ACTIONS\n- [View on publisher site](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3399\/bjgp18X699269)\n- [PDF (784.0 KB)](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/pdf\/bjgpoct-2018-68-675-490.pdf)\n- Cite\n- Collections\n- Permalink\n  ## PERMALINK\n  Copy\n\n## RESOURCES\n### Similar articles\n### Cited by other articles\n### Links to NCBI Databases\n\n## Cite\n- Copy\n- [Download .nbib .nbib](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6145972\/ \"Download a file for external citation management software\")\n- Format:\n## Add to Collections\n\nFollow NCBI\n\n[NCBI on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/ncbi)\n\n[NCBI on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ncbi.nlm)\n\n[NCBI on LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/ncbinlm)\n\n[NCBI on GitHub](https:\/\/github.com\/ncbi)\n\n[NCBI RSS feed](https:\/\/ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n\nConnect with NLM\n\n[NLM on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/nlm_nih)\n\n[NLM on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nationallibraryofmedicine)\n\n[NLM on YouTube](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/NLMNIH)\n\n[National Library of Medicine   8600 Rockville Pike  Bethesda, MD 20894](https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/place\/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894\/%4038.9959508,%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20-77.101021,17z\/data%3D!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb%3A0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%204d-77.0988323)\n\n- [Web Policies](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/web_policies.html)\n- [FOIA](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/institutes-nih\/nih-office-director\/office-communications-public-liaison\/freedom-information-act-office)\n- [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/vulnerability-disclosure-policy\/index.html)\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/support.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/accessibility.html)\n- [Careers](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/careers\/careers.html)\n\n- [NLM](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n- [NIH](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/)\n- [HHS](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/)\n- [USA.gov](https:\/\/www.usa.gov\/)\n\nBack to Top","attrs_readable_markdown":null,"meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

3 months ago

🤖

ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	3.3 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/
Last Crawled	2025-12-28 09:12:19 (3 months ago)
First Indexed	not set
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Books: The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump: 27 Psychiatrists and Mental Health Experts Assess a President: Assessing Dangerousness - PMC
Meta Description	null
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	In The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump , a book published in October 2017, 27 psychiatrists and others point to the dangerousness of this president. They agree that, although a diagnosis should not be made without examination of the patient, dangerousness may be assessed from observed behaviour. A forensic psychiatrist, who has studied the principles on which the assessment of current and future dangerousness in violent criminals is based, concludes: ‘Trump is now the most powerful head of state in the world, and one of the most impulsive, arrogant, ignorant, disorganised, chaotic, nihilistic, self-contradictory, self-important, and self-serving. He has his finger on the triggers of a thousand or more of the most powerful thermonuclear weapons in the world. That means he could kill more people in a few seconds than any dictator in past history has been able to kill during his entire years in power.’ The authors also consider the ‘Trump effect’ on society, and the malignant normality that is established — what was previously considered unthinkable becomes the norm. Some therapists have seen patients suffering from trauma and re-trauma resulting from the president’s actions, which mimic those of an aggressive abuser, and there were reports of an increase in anti-Jewish and anti-Muslim incidents immediately after his inauguration in January 2017. The book addresses the dilemma about whether health professionals should make public statements about their concerns. Do they have a duty to warn and speak out? The authors of the essays conclude that indeed they do have this duty when the consequences of not doing so might be so catastrophic. A bill has been introduced to Congress to mandate a procedure for medically and psychiatrically evaluating a president who is suspected of being unfit to perform their duties. Dr Bandy Lee organised a conference at Yale in April 2017 with the title ‘A Duty to Warn’, and this book is an extended version of the proceedings. Although there is some inevitable repetition among the 27 authors, the book’s three-section structure — the Trump phenomenon, the Trump dilemma (is there a duty to warn?), and the Trump effect (on American society) — helps to steer the reader through. Some chapters are brilliantly clear, others less so, but this doesn’t detract from the consensus: Trump poses a great danger to the future of humanity and the planet. A chilling read.
Markdown	[Skip to main content](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/#main-content) ![](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/us_flag.svg) An official website of the United States government Here's how you know Here's how you know ![](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. ![](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/icon-https.svg) Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Locked padlock icon) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. [![NCBI home page](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/ncbi-logos/nih-nlm-ncbi--white.svg)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) Search Log in - [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) - [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) - [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) - Log out Primary site navigation ![Close](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/usa-icons/close.svg) Logged in as: - [Dashboard](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/) - [Publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/bibliography/) - [Account settings](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/) Log in - [Journal List](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/journals/) - [User Guide](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/userguide/) - ## PERMALINK Copy As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Learn more: [PMC Disclaimer](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/disclaimer/) \\| [PMC Copyright Notice](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/copyright/) ![The British Journal of General Practice logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-brjgenprac.jpg) Br J Gen Pract . 2018 Oct;68(675):490. doi: [10\.3399/bjgp18X699269](https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18X699269) - [Search in PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D) - [Search in PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D) - [View in NLM Catalog](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5BTitle%20Abbreviation%5D) - [Add to search](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/?term=%22Br%20J%20Gen%20Pract%22%5Bjour%5D) # Books: The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump: 27 Psychiatrists and Mental Health Experts Assess a President Assessing Dangerousness Reviewed by: [Rosemary Field](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Field%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D) ### Rosemary Field 1Email: rosemary.field@phonecoop.coop Retired GP Find articles by [Rosemary Field](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Field%20R%22%5BAuthor%5D) 1 Bandy Lee. Thomas Dunne Books. ,2017\. , HB,360\. pp, £21\.59. , ISBN: 978-1250179456. - Author information - Copyright and License information 1Email: rosemary.field@phonecoop.coop #### Roles Rosemary Field: Retired GP © British Journal of General Practice 2018 [PMC Copyright notice](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/copyright/) PMCID: PMC6145972 PMID: [30262624](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30262624/) *** ![graphic file with name bjgpOct-2018-68-675-490-1.jpg](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/68cd/6145972/d9688da903d3/bjgpOct-2018-68-675-490-1.jpg) [Open in a new tab](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/figure/fig1/) In The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump, a book published in October 2017, 27 psychiatrists and others point to the dangerousness of this president. They agree that, although a diagnosis should not be made without examination of the patient, dangerousness may be assessed from observed behaviour. A forensic psychiatrist, who has studied the principles on which the assessment of current and future dangerousness in violent criminals is based, concludes: > ‘Trump is now the most powerful head of state in the world, and one of the most impulsive, arrogant, ignorant, disorganised, chaotic, nihilistic, self-contradictory, self-important, and self-serving. He has his finger on the triggers of a thousand or more of the most powerful thermonuclear weapons in the world. That means he could kill more people in a few seconds than any dictator in past history has been able to kill during his entire years in power.’ The authors also consider the ‘Trump effect’ on society, and the malignant normality that is established — what was previously considered unthinkable becomes the norm. Some therapists have seen patients suffering from trauma and re-trauma resulting from the president’s actions, which mimic those of an aggressive abuser, and there were reports of an increase in anti-Jewish and anti-Muslim incidents immediately after his inauguration in January 2017. The book addresses the dilemma about whether health professionals should make public statements about their concerns. Do they have a duty to warn and speak out? The authors of the essays conclude that indeed they do have this duty when the consequences of not doing so might be so catastrophic. A bill has been introduced to Congress to mandate a procedure for medically and psychiatrically evaluating a president who is suspected of being unfit to perform their duties. Dr Bandy Lee organised a conference at Yale in April 2017 with the title ‘A Duty to Warn’, and this book is an extended version of the proceedings. Although there is some inevitable repetition among the 27 authors, the book’s three-section structure — the Trump phenomenon, the Trump dilemma (is there a duty to warn?), and the Trump effect (on American society) — helps to steer the reader through. Some chapters are brilliantly clear, others less so, but this doesn’t detract from the consensus: Trump poses a great danger to the future of humanity and the planet. A chilling read. * Articles from The British Journal of General Practice are provided here courtesy of Royal College of General Practitioners** ![Close](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/static/img/usa-icons/close.svg) ## ACTIONS - [View on publisher site](https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18X699269) - [PDF (784.0 KB)](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/pdf/bjgpoct-2018-68-675-490.pdf) - Cite - Collections - Permalink ## PERMALINK Copy ## RESOURCES ### Similar articles ### Cited by other articles ### Links to NCBI Databases ## Cite - Copy - [Download .nbib .nbib](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6145972/ "Download a file for external citation management software") - Format: ## Add to Collections Follow NCBI [NCBI on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https://twitter.com/ncbi) [NCBI on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm) [NCBI on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm) [NCBI on GitHub](https://github.com/ncbi) [NCBI RSS feed](https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) Connect with NLM [NLM on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https://twitter.com/nlm_nih) [NLM on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine) [NLM on YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH) [National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894](https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/%4038.9959508,%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20-77.101021,17z/data%3D!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb%3A0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%204d-77.0988323) - [Web Policies](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html) - [FOIA](https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office) - [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html) - [Help](https://support.nlm.nih.gov/) - [Accessibility](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html) - [Careers](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html) - [NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) - [NIH](https://www.nih.gov/) - [HHS](https://www.hhs.gov/) - [USA.gov](https://www.usa.gov/) Back to Top
Readable Markdown	null
Shard	129 (laksa)
Root Hash	7295144728021232729
Unparsed URL	gov,nih!nlm,ncbi,pmc,/articles/PMC6145972/ s443