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Calculated Shard: 129 (from laksa049)

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curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa129.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

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{"found_url":"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/","crawl_time":1770441956,"first_indexed_time":0,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"gov,nih!nlm,ncbi,pmc,\/articles\/PMC10478644\/ s443","src_root_hash":"7295144728021232729","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: Way to come back in the normal life - PMC","meta_descriptions":["The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue ..."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Abstract\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19.\nKeywords:\ncoronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2\n1. BACKGROUND\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide.\n1\n,\n2\n,\n3\n,\n4\nAs of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths.\n5\nIt is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020.\n5\nFollowing this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times.\n5\n,\n6\n,\n7\nAccording to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths.\n8\nIn 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893.\n9\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million.\n5\nBut in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021.\n5\nThis decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health.\n10\n2. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES\nPandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people.\n11\nFever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease.\n12\n,\n13\nAnother widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million.\n14\nThe epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak.\n15\nIt is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation.\n16\n,\n17\nThe virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses.\n18\nThe recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics.\n1\n,\n19\nThis makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues.\n20\n,\n21\nPandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities.\n22\nWhile progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements.\n3. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19\nThe ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively.\n23\nNow every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients.\n24\nAdditionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers.\n25\n,\n26\nIt has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms.\n19\n,\n27\n,\n28\nResearchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively.\n29\n,\n30\n,\n31\nThey have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19.\n32\n,\n33\nThis has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus.\n34\n,\n35\nIt is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus.\n36\nInternational organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide.\n37\nInternational organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures.\n38\n,\n39\nAccording to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide.\n5\nThe data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads.\n36\n,\n40\nThis has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines.\n4. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide.\n20\n,\n41\n,\n42\nIt has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023.\n10\nMonitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms.\n43\n,\n44\nThese post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems.\n21\n,\n45\n,\n46\nTo monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions.\n5. CONCLUSION\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead.\nAUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS\nRapty Sarker\n: Conceptualization; writing—original draft.\nA. S. M. Roknuzzaman\n: Conceptualization; writing—original draft.\nNazmunnahar\n: Conceptualization; writing—original draft.\nMohammad Shahriar\n: Writing—review and editing.\nMd. Jamal Hossain\n: Writing—review and editing.\nMd. Rabiul Islam\n: Writing—review and editing.\nCONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.\nTRANSPARENCY STATEMENT\nThe lead author Md. Rabiul Islam affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.\nSarker R, Roknuzzaman ASM, Nazmunnahar, Shahriar M, Hossain MJ, Islam MR. The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: way to come back in the normal life. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6:e1544. 10.1002\/hsr2.1544\nDATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT\nData are available on request from the authors.\nREFERENCES\n1.\nDhama K, Nainu F, Frediansyah A, et al. Global emerging Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2: impacts, challenges and strategies. 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Brain Behav Immun. 2022;101:93‐135. 10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.12.020\n[\nDOI\n] [\nPMC free article\n] [\nPubMed\n] [\nGoogle Scholar\n]\nAssociated Data\nThis section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.\nData Availability Statement\nData are available on request from the authors.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#main-content)\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/us_flag.svg)\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere's how you know\n\nHere's how you know\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/icon-dot-gov.svg)\n\n**Official websites use .gov**   \n A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.\n\n![](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/icon-https.svg)\n\n**Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**   \n A **lock** ( Locked padlock icon) or **https:\/\/** means you've safely connected to the .gov website. 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Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health.  \n Learn more: [PMC Disclaimer](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/disclaimer\/) \\|  [PMC Copyright Notice](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/copyright\/)\n\n![Health Science Reports logo](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/banners\/logo-hscirep.gif)\n\nHealth Sci Rep\n\n. 2023 Sep 5;6(9):e1544. doi: [10\\.1002\/hsr2.1544](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.1544)\n\n- [Search in PMC](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/search\/?term=\"Health%20Sci%20Rep\"[jour])\n- [Search in PubMed](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Health%20Sci%20Rep\"[jour])\n- [View in NLM Catalog](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nlmcatalog?term=\"Health%20Sci%20Rep\"[Title%20Abbreviation])\n- [Add to search](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/?term=\"Health%20Sci%20Rep\"[jour])\n\n# The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: Way to come back in the normal life\n[Rapty Sarker](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Sarker%20R\"[Author])\n\n### Rapty Sarker\n1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [Rapty Sarker](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Sarker%20R\"[Author])\n\n1, [A S M Roknuzzaman](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Roknuzzaman%20ASM\"[Author])\n\n### A S M Roknuzzaman\n1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [A S M Roknuzzaman](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Roknuzzaman%20ASM\"[Author])\n\n1, [Nazmunnahar](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Nazmunnahar\"[Author])\n\n### Nazmunnahar\n2 Department of Sociology, Eden Women's College, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [Nazmunnahar](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Nazmunnahar\"[Author])\n\n2, [Mohammad Shahriar](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Shahriar%20M\"[Author])\n\n### Mohammad Shahriar\n1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [Mohammad Shahriar](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Shahriar%20M\"[Author])\n\n1, [Md Jamal Hossain](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Hossain%20MJ\"[Author])\n\n### Md Jamal Hossain\n3 Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [Md Jamal Hossain](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Hossain%20MJ\"[Author])\n\n3, [Md Rabiul Islam](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Islam%20MR\"[Author])\n\n### Md Rabiul Islam\n1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\n4 School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\nFind articles by [Md Rabiul Islam](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=\"Islam%20MR\"[Author])\n\n1,4,✉\n\n- Author information\n- Article notes\n- Copyright and License information\n\n1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\n2 Department of Sociology, Eden Women's College, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh\n\n3 Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\n4 School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh\n\n\\*\n\n**Correspondence** Md. Rabiul Islam, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74\/A Green Rd, Farmgate, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh. Email: robi.ayaan@gmail.com\n\n✉\n\nCorresponding author.\n\nReceived 2023 May 6; Accepted 2023 Aug 22; Collection date 2023 Sep.\n\n© 2023 The Authors. *Health Science Reports* published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.\n\nThis is an open access article under the terms of the [http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/](https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.\n\n[PMC Copyright notice](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/about\/copyright\/)\n\nPMCID: PMC10478644 PMID: [37674622](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37674622\/)\n\n## Abstract\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19.\n\n**Keywords:** coronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2\n\n## 1\\. BACKGROUND\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide. [1](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0001) ,  [2](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0002) ,  [3](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0003) ,  [4](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0004)  As of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  It is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  Following this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005) ,  [6](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0006) ,  [7](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0007)\n\nAccording to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths. [8](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0008)  In 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893. [9](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0009)  The COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  But in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  This decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health. [10](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0010)\n\n## 2\\. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES\nPandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people. [11](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0011)  Fever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease. [12](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0012) ,  [13](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0013)  Another widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million. [14](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0014)  The epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak. [15](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0015)  It is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation. [16](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0016) ,  [17](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0017)  The virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses. [18](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0018)\n\nThe recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics. [1](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0001) ,  [19](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0019)  This makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. [20](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0020) ,  [21](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0021)  Pandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities. [22](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0022)  While progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements.\n\n## 3\\. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19\nThe ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively. [23](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0023)  Now every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients. [24](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0024)  Additionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers. [25](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0025) ,  [26](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0026)  It has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms. [19](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0019) ,  [27](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0027) ,  [28](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0028)\n\nResearchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively. [29](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0029) ,  [30](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0030) ,  [31](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0031)  They have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19. [32](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0032) ,  [33](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0033)  This has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus. [34](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0034) ,  [35](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0035)  It is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus. [36](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0036)\n\nInternational organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide. [37](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0037)  International organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures. [38](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0038) ,  [39](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0039)\n\nAccording to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  The data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads. [36](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0036) ,  [40](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0040)  This has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines.\n\n## 4\\. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide. [20](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0020) ,  [41](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0041) ,  [42](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0042)  It has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023. [10](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0010)\n\nMonitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms. [43](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0043) ,  [44](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0044)  These post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems. [21](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0021) ,  [45](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0045) ,  [46](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0046)  To monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions.\n\n## 5\\. CONCLUSION\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead.\n\n## AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS\n**Rapty Sarker**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **A. S. M. Roknuzzaman**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **Nazmunnahar**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **Mohammad Shahriar**: Writing—review and editing. **Md. Jamal Hossain**: Writing—review and editing. **Md. Rabiul Islam**: Writing—review and editing.\n\n## CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.\n\n## TRANSPARENCY STATEMENT\nThe lead author Md. 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Brain Behav Immun. 2022;101:93‐135. 10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.12.020\n  \\[[DOI](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.12.020)\\] \\[[PMC free article](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8715665\/)\\] \\[[PubMed](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34973396\/)\\] \\[[Google Scholar](https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?journal=Brain%20Behav%20Immun&title=Fatigue%20and%20cognitive%20impairment%20in%20post%E2%80%90COVID%E2%80%9019%20syndrome:%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta%E2%80%90analysis&author=F%20Ceban&author=S%20Ling&author=LMW%20Lui&volume=101&publication_year=2022&pages=93-135&pmid=34973396&doi=10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.12.020&)\\]\n\n## Associated Data\n*This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.*\n\n### Data Availability Statement\nData are available on request from the authors.\n\n***\nArticles from Health Science Reports are provided here courtesy of **Wiley**\n\n![Close](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/usa-icons\/close.svg)\n\n## ACTIONS\n- [![View on publisher site icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/launch.svg) View on publisher site](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.1544)\n- [![Download PDF icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/file_download.svg) PDF (538.7 KB)](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/pdf\/HSR2-6-e1544.pdf)\n- ![Cite icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/format_quote.svg) Cite\n- ![Collections icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/action-bookmark-full.svg) ![Collections icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/action-bookmark-empty.svg) Collections\n- ![Permalink icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/share.svg) Permalink\n  ## PERMALINK\n  ![Copy icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/content_copy.svg) Copy\n\n## RESOURCES\n### Similar articles\n### Cited by other articles\n### Links to NCBI Databases\n\n## Cite\n![Close icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/close.svg)\n\n- ![Copy icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/content_copy.svg) Copy\n- [![Download icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/file_download.svg) Download .nbib .nbib](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/ \"Download a file for external citation management software\")\n- Format:\n## Add to Collections\n\nFollow NCBI\n\n[NCBI on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/ncbi)\n\n[NCBI on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ncbi.nlm)\n\n[NCBI on LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/ncbinlm)\n\n[NCBI on GitHub](https:\/\/github.com\/ncbi)\n\n[NCBI RSS feed](https:\/\/ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n\nConnect with NLM\n\n[NLM on X (formerly known as Twitter)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/nlm_nih)\n\n[NLM on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nationallibraryofmedicine)\n\n[NLM on YouTube](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/NLMNIH)\n\n[National Library of Medicine   8600 Rockville Pike  Bethesda, MD 20894](https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/place\/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894\/%4038.9959508,%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20-77.101021,17z\/data%3D!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb%3A0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%204d-77.0988323)\n\n- [Web Policies](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/web_policies.html)\n- [FOIA](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/institutes-nih\/nih-office-director\/office-communications-public-liaison\/freedom-information-act-office)\n- [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/vulnerability-disclosure-policy\/index.html)\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/support.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/accessibility.html)\n- [Careers](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/careers\/careers.html)\n\n- [NLM](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n- [NIH](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/)\n- [HHS](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/)\n- [USA.gov](https:\/\/www.usa.gov\/)\n\nBack to Top\n\n![back to top icon](https:\/\/cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/pd-medc-pmc-cloudpmc-viewer\/production\/8a2a0396\/var\/data\/static\/img\/arrow_upward.svg)","attrs_readable_markdown":"## Abstract\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19.\n\n**Keywords:** coronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2\n\n## 1\\. BACKGROUND\nThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide. [1](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0001) ,  [2](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0002) ,  [3](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0003) ,  [4](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0004)  As of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  It is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  Following this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005) ,  [6](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0006) ,  [7](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0007)\n\nAccording to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths. [8](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0008)  In 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893. [9](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0009)  The COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  But in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  This decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health. [10](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0010)\n\n## 2\\. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES\nPandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people. [11](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0011)  Fever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease. [12](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0012) ,  [13](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0013)  Another widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million. [14](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0014)  The epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak. [15](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0015)  It is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation. [16](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0016) ,  [17](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0017)  The virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses. [18](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0018)\n\nThe recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics. [1](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0001) ,  [19](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0019)  This makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. [20](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0020) ,  [21](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0021)  Pandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities. [22](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0022)  While progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements.\n\n## 3\\. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19\nThe ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively. [23](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0023)  Now every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients. [24](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0024)  Additionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers. [25](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0025) ,  [26](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0026)  It has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms. [19](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0019) ,  [27](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0027) ,  [28](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0028)\n\nResearchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively. [29](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0029) ,  [30](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0030) ,  [31](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0031)  They have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19. [32](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0032) ,  [33](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0033)  This has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus. [34](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0034) ,  [35](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0035)  It is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus. [36](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0036)\n\nInternational organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide. [37](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0037)  International organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures. [38](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0038) ,  [39](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0039)\n\nAccording to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide. [5](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0005)  The data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads. [36](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0036) ,  [40](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0040)  This has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines.\n\n## 4\\. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide. [20](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0020) ,  [41](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0041) ,  [42](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0042)  It has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023. [10](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0010)\n\nMonitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms. [43](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0043) ,  [44](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0044)  These post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems. [21](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0021) ,  [45](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0045) ,  [46](https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10478644\/#hsr21544-bib-0046)  To monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions.\n\n## 5\\. CONCLUSION\nThe COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead.\n\n## AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS\n**Rapty Sarker**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **A. S. M. Roknuzzaman**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **Nazmunnahar**: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. **Mohammad Shahriar**: Writing—review and editing. **Md. Jamal Hossain**: Writing—review and editing. **Md. Rabiul Islam**: Writing—review and editing.\n\n## CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.\n\n## TRANSPARENCY STATEMENT\nThe lead author Md. Rabiul Islam affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.\n\nSarker R, Roknuzzaman ASM, Nazmunnahar, Shahriar M, Hossain MJ, Islam MR. The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: way to come back in the normal life. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6:e1544. 10.1002\/hsr2.1544\n\n## DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT\nData are available on request from the authors.\n\n## REFERENCES\n- 1\\.\n  Dhama K, Nainu F, Frediansyah A, et al. Global emerging Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2: impacts, challenges and strategies. 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URL	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/
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Meta Title	The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: Way to come back in the normal life - PMC
Meta Description	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue ...
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Boilerpipe Text	Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19. Keywords: coronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2 1. BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 As of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths. 5 It is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. 5 Following this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times. 5 , 6 , 7 According to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths. 8 In 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893. 9 The COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million. 5 But in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021. 5 This decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health. 10 2. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES Pandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people. 11 Fever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease. 12 , 13 Another widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million. 14 The epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak. 15 It is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation. 16 , 17 The virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses. 18 The recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics. 1 , 19 This makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. 20 , 21 Pandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities. 22 While progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements. 3. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19 The ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively. 23 Now every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients. 24 Additionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers. 25 , 26 It has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms. 19 , 27 , 28 Researchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively. 29 , 30 , 31 They have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19. 32 , 33 This has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus. 34 , 35 It is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus. 36 International organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide. 37 International organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures. 38 , 39 According to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide. 5 The data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads. 36 , 40 This has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines. 4. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide. 20 , 41 , 42 It has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023. 10 Monitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms. 43 , 44 These post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems. 21 , 45 , 46 To monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions. 5. CONCLUSION The COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Rapty Sarker : Conceptualization; writing—original draft. A. S. M. Roknuzzaman : Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Nazmunnahar : Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Mohammad Shahriar : Writing—review and editing. Md. Jamal Hossain : Writing—review and editing. Md. Rabiul Islam : Writing—review and editing. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest. TRANSPARENCY STATEMENT The lead author Md. Rabiul Islam affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained. Sarker R, Roknuzzaman ASM, Nazmunnahar, Shahriar M, Hossain MJ, Islam MR. The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: way to come back in the normal life. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6:e1544. 10.1002/hsr2.1544 DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Data are available on request from the authors. REFERENCES 1. Dhama K, Nainu F, Frediansyah A, et al. Global emerging Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2: impacts, challenges and strategies. J Infect Public Health. 2023;16(1):4‐14. 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.11.024 [ DOI ] [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] 2. Islam MR, Nasreen W, Anjum R, et al Characteristics of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant and emerging impact on Global Public Health. 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Learn more: [PMC Disclaimer](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/disclaimer/) \\| [PMC Copyright Notice](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/copyright/) ![Health Science Reports logo](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/banners/logo-hscirep.gif) Health Sci Rep . 2023 Sep 5;6(9):e1544. doi: [10\.1002/hsr2.1544](https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1544) - [Search in PMC](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/?term="Health%20Sci%20Rep"[jour]) - [Search in PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Health%20Sci%20Rep"[jour]) - [View in NLM Catalog](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term="Health%20Sci%20Rep"[Title%20Abbreviation]) - [Add to search](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/?term="Health%20Sci%20Rep"[jour]) # The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: Way to come back in the normal life [Rapty Sarker](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Sarker%20R"[Author]) ### Rapty Sarker 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh Find articles by [Rapty Sarker](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Sarker%20R"[Author]) 1, [A S M Roknuzzaman](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Roknuzzaman%20ASM"[Author]) ### A S M Roknuzzaman 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh Find articles by [A S M Roknuzzaman](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Roknuzzaman%20ASM"[Author]) 1, [Nazmunnahar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Nazmunnahar"[Author]) ### Nazmunnahar 2 Department of Sociology, Eden Women's College, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh Find articles by [Nazmunnahar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Nazmunnahar"[Author]) 2, [Mohammad Shahriar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Shahriar%20M"[Author]) ### Mohammad Shahriar 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh Find articles by [Mohammad Shahriar](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Shahriar%20M"[Author]) 1, [Md Jamal Hossain](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Hossain%20MJ"[Author]) ### Md Jamal Hossain 3 Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh Find articles by [Md Jamal Hossain](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Hossain%20MJ"[Author]) 3, [Md Rabiul Islam](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Islam%20MR"[Author]) ### Md Rabiul Islam 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh 4 School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Find articles by [Md Rabiul Islam](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term="Islam%20MR"[Author]) 1,4,✉ - Author information - Article notes - Copyright and License information 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2 Department of Sociology, Eden Women's College, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh 3 Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh 4 School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh \* Correspondence Md. Rabiul Islam, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Rd, Farmgate, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh. Email: robi.ayaan@gmail.com ✉ Corresponding author. Received 2023 May 6; Accepted 2023 Aug 22; Collection date 2023 Sep. © 2023 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is an open access article under the terms of the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. [PMC Copyright notice](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/about/copyright/) PMCID: PMC10478644 PMID: [37674622](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37674622/) ## Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19. Keywords: coronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2 ## 1\. BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide. [1](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0001) , [2](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0002) , [3](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0003) , [4](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0004) As of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) It is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) Following this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) , [6](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0006) , [7](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0007) According to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths. [8](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0008) In 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893. [9](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0009) The COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) But in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) This decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health. [10](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0010) ## 2\. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES Pandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people. [11](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0011) Fever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease. [12](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0012) , [13](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0013) Another widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million. [14](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0014) The epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak. [15](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0015) It is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation. [16](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0016) , [17](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0017) The virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses. [18](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0018) The recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics. [1](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0001) , [19](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0019) This makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. [20](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0020) , [21](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0021) Pandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities. [22](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0022) While progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements. ## 3\. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19 The ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively. [23](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0023) Now every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients. [24](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0024) Additionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers. [25](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0025) , [26](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0026) It has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms. [19](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0019) , [27](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0027) , [28](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0028) Researchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively. [29](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0029) , [30](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0030) , [31](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0031) They have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19. [32](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0032) , [33](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0033) This has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus. [34](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0034) , [35](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0035) It is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus. [36](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0036) International organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide. [37](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0037) International organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures. [38](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0038) , [39](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0039) According to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) The data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads. [36](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0036) , [40](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0040) This has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines. ## 4\. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide. [20](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0020) , [41](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0041) , [42](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0042) It has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023. [10](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0010) Monitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms. [43](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0043) , [44](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0044) These post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems. [21](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0021) , [45](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0045) , [46](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0046) To monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions. ## 5\. CONCLUSION The COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead. ## AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Rapty Sarker: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. A. S. M. Roknuzzaman: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Nazmunnahar: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Mohammad Shahriar: Writing—review and editing. Md. Jamal Hossain: Writing—review and editing. Md. Rabiul Islam: Writing—review and editing. ## CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest. ## TRANSPARENCY STATEMENT The lead author Md. 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Readable Markdown	## Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in significant global mortality and morbidity affecting millions of lives. As healthcare authorities worldwide are still paying substantial attention to COVID‐19, other diseases continue to cause more deaths than COVID‐19. The decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is close to the end. For effective pandemic management, healthcare facilities worldwide have established COVID‐19 units and testing facilities, instituting infection prevention and control measures, and employing telehealth services. Healthcare professionals have identified some promising treatments for COVID‐19; also, mass vaccinations have improved patient outcomes. Instead of COVID‐19 as a pandemic, it is time to pay more attention to other diseases to lessen their impact on public health. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the end of the pandemic phase of COVID‐19 considering the current COVID‐19 situation and our preparedness, past pandemic experience, and long pandemic impact on social and economic life on May 5, 2023. In this article, we briefly discussed the present challenges due to COVID‐19, necessary precautions, and future directions to return to life as before COVID‐19. Keywords: coronavirus variants, COVID‐19 pandemic, health impact, public health, SARS‐CoV‐2 ## 1\. BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic represents a global crisis that has caused extensive and far‐reaching impacts affecting millions of individuals worldwide. [1](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0001) , [2](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0002) , [3](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0003) , [4](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0004) As of May 3, 2023, more than 765 million reported cases of COVID‐19 with nearly seven million related deaths. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) It is worth noting that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 11, 2020. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) Following this declaration, the pandemic increased exponentially, leading to a high mortality rate and health burden. The elevated contagion rate led to a staggering more than 183 million cases after 1 year, although the number of fatalities had declined to 396,695. Besides COVID‐19, other deadliest diseases are taking away lives much more than COVID‐19 in recent times. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) , [6](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0006) , [7](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0007) According to the WHO, in 2019, ischemic heart disease caused 8.9 million deaths, followed by stroke, with 6.2 deaths. The other causes of death on the list ranged from 3.2 to 1.3 deaths. [8](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0008) In 2021, the United States faced 695,547 deaths due to heart disease, followed by cancer, responsible for 605,213 deaths, and COVID‐19 for 416,893. [9](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0009) The COVID‐19 pandemic was responsible for 3.8 million deaths globally that year. However, in 2022, the number of deaths caused by the pandemic decreased to 1.2 million. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) But in the last 3 months of 2023, those diseases, except COVID‐19, caused death even with a higher rate than previous, 2.6 million by ischemic heart diseases, followed by stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with 1.6 and 0.8 million. The number of deaths related to COVID‐19 has further decreased to around 72,000, which is 16.06 times lower than the number of deaths recorded in 2021. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) This decrease in the number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths is indicative of the possibility that the pandemic may be coming to an end. It is also important to note that COVID‐19 has significantly impacted public health beyond its mortality rate. While the COVID‐19 pandemic is going on, a significant concern has been given to it. It is also essential to recognize that other diseases are responsible for many deaths. With the decreasing number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, it is important to shift focus toward addressing these other diseases to reduce their impact on public health. The WHO has declared that COVID‐19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern considering the current situation of COVID‐19 and its impact on global public health. [10](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0010) ## 2\. PAST PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES AND CURRENT COVID‐19 CHALLENGES Pandemics have plagued humanity for centuries. The mid‐14th‐century Black Death or bubonic plague in Eurasia killed 75–200 million people. [11](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0011) Fever, vomiting, and enlarged lymph nodes were produced by flea bites on rats. The epidemic devastated medieval civilization, creating economic instability, social unrest, and religious and cultural upheavals. The pandemic ceased in the 1350s. The disease gradually became less prevalent over time, likely due to improved public health measures and a reduction in the rodent population that spread the disease. [12](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0012) , [13](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0013) Another widespread pandemic was the 1918–1919 Spanish flu. It infected 500 million people and killed over 50 million. [14](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0014) The epidemic devastated worldwide health, society, and the economy. The Spanish flu pandemic also subsided over time, with the number of cases and fatalities gradually decreasing in the years following the initial outbreak. [15](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0015) It is not entirely clear what caused the pandemic to end, but factors such as increased immunity in the population, improved public health measures, and the development of vaccines likely played a role. In 2009, the H1N1 swine flu pandemic occurred. This pandemic was swarmed by disinformation, fast worldwide spread, and vaccination shortages. Several people could not get the vaccine because vaccine manufacture was delayed, and the illness was highly infectious. Public health experts also struggled with misinformation. [16](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0016) , [17](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0017) The virus finally declined. The number of cases and deaths gradually decreased in the following years of the outbreak, and the virus eventually became part of the seasonal flu strains that circulate each year The pandemic ended in August 2010, emphasizing the necessity for global preparedness and response to new infectious illnesses. [18](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0018) The recent pandemic, COVID‐19, has significantly impacted public health, the economy, and society. This pandemic caused widespread sickness, mortality, economic hardship, social isolation, and political turmoil. Due to increasing travel and interconnection, COVID‐19 has spread globally faster than previous pandemics. [1](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0001) , [19](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0019) This makes virus control harder. Symptomless COVID‐19 carriers make it harder to detect and isolate sick patients. Mask‐wearing and social alienation have become commonplace isolation and loneliness cause depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. [20](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0020) , [21](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0021) Pandemic‐related social isolation and economic hardship have produced these concerns. COVID‐19 has caused extensive job loss and company closures. The pandemic highlighted and worsened social and economic inequities. [22](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0022) While progress has been made in mitigating the impact of the pandemic, it continues to be a global health threat. Despite the challenges of pandemics, they have also led to significant public health and medicine advancements. ## 3\. THE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS AGAINST COVID‐19 The ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has created an unparalleled global healthcare burden, resulting in an urgent need for healthcare facilities to treat infected patients. The surge in demand for COVID‐19 care has prompted healthcare systems worldwide to rapidly adapt their existing infrastructure and establish new facilities to manage the pandemic effectively. [23](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0023) Now every hospital has well‐equipped COVID‐19 units that can accommodate many patients. [24](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0024) Additionally, many healthcare facilities have established dedicated COVID‐19 testing centers to facilitate widespread testing and help identify infected individuals. Telehealth services also play a vital role in managing COVID‐19. With physical distancing measures in place to limit the spread of the virus, telehealth services have enabled patients to consult with healthcare providers. [25](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0025) , [26](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0026) It has also been used for COVID‐19 screening, enabling healthcare professionals to assess patients for COVID‐19 symptoms and provide guidance on the next steps. Again, healthcare facilities have implemented several measures to control COVID‐19. These measures include enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols, using personal protective equipment, and implementing physical distancing measures in waiting areas and patient rooms. [19](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0019) , [27](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0027) , [28](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0028) Researchers have identified several promising treatments for COVID‐19, including monoclonal antibodies, antiviral drugs, and corticosteroids. These treatments have been shown to reduce the severity of illness and improve patient outcomes effectively. [29](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0029) , [30](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0030) , [31](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0031) They have also made significant progress in understanding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and pathophysiology of COVID‐19. [32](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0032) , [33](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0033) This has helped to inform the development of vaccines, treatments, and diagnostic tests and has provided insights into how the virus spreads and affects the body. They have developed new and improved diagnostic tests for COVID‐19, including rapid antigen tests and more accurate polymerase chain reaction tests. These tests have helped to identify cases and prevent the spread of the virus. [34](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0034) , [35](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0035) It is also possible to quickly identify the variant of COVID‐19, along with its spreading and mortality rate. Doctors also have gained much knowledge about COVID‐19 since the start of the pandemic, which has been crucial in the fight against the virus. [36](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0036) International organizations have played a critical role in coordinating efforts to combat the COVID‐19 pandemic. In partnership with other international organizations, WHO has led efforts to distribute COVID‐19 vaccines to countries worldwide. [37](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0037) International organizations including the WHO, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention have shared information and best practices on COVID‐19 with countries worldwide. They have been coordinating and funding research on COVID‐19, including studies on the efficacy and safety of vaccines and treatments, as well as research on the impact of the pandemic on mental health, social inequalities, and other issues. They have also provided humanitarian aid to countries severely impacted by the pandemic, including medical supplies, financial support, and technical assistance. In addition to that, they have been advocating for global cooperation and solidarity in the fight against COVID‐19, emphasizing the need for countries to work together to develop and distribute vaccines, share information, and coordinate public health measures. [38](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0038) , [39](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0039) According to the latest vaccination report of COVID‐19, as of April 30, 2023, more than 13 billion vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Among the vaccine recipients, more than 5.5 billion individuals have received at least one dose, accounting for a percentage of 71.07 per 100 population. Moreover, more than 5.1 billion people have completed their primary vaccination series by receiving the last dose, which represents 65.44 persons fully vaccinated per 100 population. Additionally, 31.39 persons are boosted per 100 population worldwide. [5](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0005) The data suggests that the global vaccination drive against COVID‐19 is progressing steadily, with a substantial number of people receiving their primary and booster doses. As public health organizations, governments, and other groups have launched education campaigns to inform people about COVID‐19 and how to protect themselves and others, people have become more knowledgeable about COVID‐19 and how it spreads. [36](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0036) , [40](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0040) This has led to increased adoption of public health measures such as wearing masks, social distancing, and practicing good hygiene. They are also getting vaccinated, seeking necessary medical care, and following public health guidelines. ## 4\. THE WHO DECLARES COVID‐19 IS NO LONGER A GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused immense disruption and hardship for people worldwide. [20](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0020) , [41](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0041) , [42](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0042) It has resulted in countless cases, deaths, and significant economic and social impacts. While the situation has been challenging, there is a reason for hope. Now, a maximum number of people are vaccinated, we have proper facilities to combat COVID‐19, doctors and the public are well aware, and numerous research have shown positive results. The pandemic should not be continued any longer. Therefore, the WHO declares COVID‐19 is no longer a global health emergency on May 5, 2023. [10](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0010) Monitoring post‐COVID symptoms has become an increasingly important aspect of the pandemic response, as many people who have recovered from COVID‐19 are experiencing COVID‐induced symptoms. [43](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0043) , [44](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0044) These post‐COVID symptoms, also known as “long‐COVID,” range from mild to severe mainly as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms. These include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, brain fog, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and gastrointestinal issues. These symptoms can persist for weeks or even months after the initial infection, sometimes leading to long‐term health problems. [21](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0021) , [45](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0045) , [46](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10478644/#hsr21544-bib-0046) To monitor post‐COVID signs, healthcare providers may use various tools and techniques, including physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and questionnaires or surveys. They may also collaborate with specialists in multiple fields, such as pulmonologists, cardiologists, and neurologists, to evaluate and treat specific symptoms. Many healthcare providers are offering rehabilitation programs for patients who have recovered from COVID‐19 and are experiencing post‐COVID symptoms. These programs may include physical therapy, respiratory therapy, and occupational therapy, among other interventions. To effectively manage post‐COVID symptoms, healthcare providers may need to work with a team of specialists from various fields. For patients with post‐COVID symptoms, connecting with others going through similar experiences can be helpful. Further research should be conducted to better understand post‐COVID symptoms and their underlying causes, along with clinical trials of long‐term treatments for COVID‐19, including medications, supplements, and other interventions. ## 5\. CONCLUSION The COVID‐19 pandemic has profoundly impacted our lives, and the declaration of the end of the pandemic phase allows many people to come back to a pre‐COVID‐19 normal life. While the situation remains challenging, the development of effective vaccines and continued efforts to promote public awareness and adherence to public health guidelines provide reasons for optimism. As we are moving forward into the new era, individuals and governments need to continue to work together to combat the spread of the virus and to support those who the pandemic has impacted. By remaining vigilant and committed to our shared goal of a pandemic‐free future, we can look forward to a brighter and more hopeful year ahead. ## AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Rapty Sarker: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. A. S. M. Roknuzzaman: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Nazmunnahar: Conceptualization; writing—original draft. Mohammad Shahriar: Writing—review and editing. Md. Jamal Hossain: Writing—review and editing. Md. Rabiul Islam: Writing—review and editing. ## CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest. ## TRANSPARENCY STATEMENT The lead author Md. Rabiul Islam affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained. Sarker R, Roknuzzaman ASM, Nazmunnahar, Shahriar M, Hossain MJ, Islam MR. The WHO has declared the end of pandemic phase of COVID‐19: way to come back in the normal life. Health Sci Rep. 2023;6:e1544. 10.1002/hsr2.1544 ## DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Data are available on request from the authors. ## REFERENCES - 1\. Dhama K, Nainu F, Frediansyah A, et al. Global emerging Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2: impacts, challenges and strategies. 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