🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 34 (from laksa172)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa034.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html","crawl_time":1775671479,"first_indexed_time":1468335628,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"gov,medlineplus!\/sleepdisorders.html s443","src_root_hash":"14962761832352801234","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Sleep Disorders | MedlinePlus","meta_descriptions":["Getting a good sleep is vital to your health, but many Americans don't get enough. Learn about sleep disorders, treatments, and good sleep habits."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"On this page\nSee, Play and Learn\nNo links available\nSummary\nWhat is sleep?\nWhile you are sleeping  your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy.\nIt's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning.\nWhat are sleep disorders?\nSleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include:\nInsomnia\n,\nwhich is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.\nSleep-related breathing disorders\nsuch as\nsleep apnea\n, a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep.\nSleep-related movement disorders\nsuch as\nrestless leg syndrome\n(RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them.\nHypersomnia,\nwhich is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy.\nCircadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders\n, which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag.\nParasomnia\n, which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep.\nSome people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night.\nWhat causes sleep disorders?\nThere are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include:\nOther health conditions, such as\nheart disease\n,\nlung disease\n,\nnerve disorders\n, or\npain\nMental illnesses\n, including\ndepression\nand\nanxiety\nMedicines\nGenetics\nSometimes the cause is unknown.\nOther factors that may contribute to sleep problems include:\nUsing\ncaffeine\nor\nalcohol\nHaving an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift\nAging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily\nWhat are the symptoms of sleep disorders?\nThe symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that:\nYou regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep.\nYou regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning.\nYou often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day.\nYour bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods.\nYou have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep.\nYour bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep.\nYou have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing.\nYou have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions.\nYou feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up.\nHow are sleep disorders diagnosed?\nTo diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a\nsleep study\n(polysomnogram). Most sleep studies  monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes:\nBrain wave activity\nEye movements\nBreathing rate\nBlood pressure\nHeart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles\nOther types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day.\nWhat are the treatments for sleep disorders?\nTreatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include:\nPracticing good sleep habits\nand other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and\ngetting regular exercise\nReducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques\nUsing a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea\nUsing bright light therapy (in the morning)\nTaking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin\nAlways check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use.\nStart Here\nNarcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics\n(National Library of Medicine)\nFastStats: Sleep Health\n(National Center for Health Statistics)\nSleep Facts and Stats\n(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\nHypersomnia\n(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)\nShining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep\n(American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\nSleep Problems\n(Food and Drug Administration)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nChanging your sleep habits\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nDrowsiness\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nIdiopathic hypersomnia\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nIrregular sleep-wake syndrome\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nMedicines for sleep\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nNarcolepsy\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nNightmares\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nSleep and your health\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nSleep disorders\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nSleep paralysis\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish\nTeenagers and sleep\n(Medical Encyclopedia)\nAlso in\nSpanish","attrs_markdown":"[Skip navigation](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#start)\n\n![](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/uswds\/img\/us_flag_small.png)\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere’s how you know\n\nHere’s how you know\n\n![](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/uswds\/img\/icon-dot-gov.svg)\n\n**Official websites use .gov**  \nA **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.\n\n![](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/uswds\/img\/icon-https.svg)\n\n**Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**  \nA **lock** ( Locked padlock icon) or **https:\/\/** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.\n\n[![National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nihlogo.png)](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/ \"National Institutes of Health\")  [National Library of Medicine](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/)\n\n[![MedlinePlus Trusted Health Information for You](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/m_logo.png)](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/)\n\nMenu\n\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthtopics.html)\n- [Drugs & Supplements](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/druginformation.html)\n- [Genetics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/)\n- [Medical Tests](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lab-tests\/)\n- [Medical Encyclopedia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/encyclopedia.html)\n- [About MedlinePlus](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/)\n\nSearch\n\n- [About MedlinePlus](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/)\n- [What's New](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/whatsnew\/)\n- [Site Map](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sitemap.html)\n- [Customer Support](https:\/\/support.nlm.nih.gov\/knowledgebase\/category\/?id=CAT-01231&category=medlineplus&from=https%3A\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html)\n\n- [Health Topics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthtopics.html)\n- [Drugs & Supplements](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/druginformation.html)\n- [Genetics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/)\n- [Medical Tests](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lab-tests\/)\n- [Medical Encyclopedia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/encyclopedia.html)\n\n[Español](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/sleepdisorders.html \"Español\")\n\nYou Are Here:\n\n[Home](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/) →\n\n[Health Topics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthtopics.html) →\n\nSleep Disorders\n\nURL of this page: https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html\n\n# Sleep Disorders\nOn this page\n\n### Basics\n- [Summary](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#summary \"Go to: Summary\")\n- [Start Here](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_51 \"Go to: Start Here\")\n- [Diagnosis and Tests](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_92 \"Go to: Diagnosis and Tests\")\n- [Treatments and Therapies](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_78 \"Go to: Treatments and Therapies\")\n\n### Learn More\n- [Related Issues](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_47 \"Go to: Related Issues\")\n- [Specifics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_42 \"Go to: Specifics\")\n- [Genetics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_46 \"Go to: Genetics\")\n\n### See, Play and Learn\n- No links available\n\n### Research\n- [Statistics and Research](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_79 \"Go to: Statistics and Research\")\n- [Clinical Trials](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_27 \"Go to: Clinical Trials\")\n- [Journal Articles](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_59 \"Go to: Journal Articles\")\n\n### Resources\n- [Reference Desk](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_82 \"Go to: Reference Desk\")\n- [Find an Expert](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_83 \"Go to: Find an Expert\")\n\n### For You\n- [Children](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_8 \"Go to: Children\")\n- [Teenagers](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_24 \"Go to: Teenagers\")\n- [Women](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_7 \"Go to: Women\")\n- [Patient Handouts](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#cat_69 \"Go to: Patient Handouts\")\n\n## Summary\n### What is sleep?\nWhile you are sleeping your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy.\n\nIt's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning.\n\n### What are sleep disorders?\nSleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include:\n\n- **[Insomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/insomnia.html),** which is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.\n- **Sleep-related breathing disorders** such as [sleep apnea](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepapnea.html), a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep.\n- **Sleep-related movement disorders** such as [restless leg syndrome](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/restlesslegs.html) (RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them.\n- **Hypersomnia,** which is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy.\n- **Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders**, which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag.\n- **Parasomnia**, which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep.\n\nSome people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night.\n\n### What causes sleep disorders?\nThere are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include:\n\n- Other health conditions, such as [heart disease](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/heartdiseases.html), [lung disease](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lungdiseases.html), [nerve disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/neurologicdiseases.html), or [pain](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/pain.html)\n- [Mental illnesses](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/mentaldisorders.html), including [depression](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/depression.html) and [anxiety](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/anxiety.html)\n- Medicines\n- Genetics\n\nSometimes the cause is unknown.\n\nOther factors that may contribute to sleep problems include:\n\n- Using [caffeine](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/caffeine.html) or [alcohol](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/alcohol.html)\n- Having an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift\n- Aging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily\n### What are the symptoms of sleep disorders?\nThe symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that:\n\n- You regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep.\n- You regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning.\n- You often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day.\n- Your bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods.\n- You have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep.\n- Your bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep.\n- You have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing.\n- You have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions.\n- You feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up.\n### How are sleep disorders diagnosed?\nTo diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a [sleep study](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lab-tests\/sleep-study\/) (polysomnogram). Most sleep studies monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes:\n\n- Brain wave activity\n- Eye movements\n- Breathing rate\n- Blood pressure\n- Heart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles\n\nOther types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day.\n\n### What are the treatments for sleep disorders?\nTreatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include:\n\n- [Practicing good sleep habits](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthysleep.html) and other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and [getting regular exercise](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/benefitsofexercise.html)\n- Reducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques\n- Using a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea\n- Using bright light therapy (in the morning)\n- Taking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin\n\nAlways check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use.\n\n## Start Here\n- [About Sleep](https:\/\/www.nichd.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/sleep\/conditioninfo)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/espanol.nichd.nih.gov\/salud\/temas\/sleep\/informacion)\n- [Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep](https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/public-education\/brain-basics\/brain-basics-understanding-sleep)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)\n- [What Are Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency?](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/sleep-deprivation)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/es\/salud\/privacion-y-la-deficiencia-de-sueno)\n\n## Diagnosis and Tests\n- [Sleep Studies](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/sleep-studies)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/es\/salud\/estudios-del-sueno)\n- [Sleep Study](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lab-tests\/sleep-study\/)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Library of Medicine)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/pruebas-de-laboratorio\/estudio-del-sueno\/)\n\n## Treatments and Therapies\n- [Patients](https:\/\/sleepeducation.org\/patients\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n- [Sleep Disorder Treatments](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/sleep-disorder-treatments)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/es\/salud\/tratamientos-de-los-trastornos-del-sueno)\n- [Sleep Disorders and Complementary Health Approaches](https:\/\/www.nccih.nih.gov\/health\/sleep-disorders-and-complementary-health-approaches)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)\n\n## Related Issues\n- [6 Things to Know about Mind and Body Practices for Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/www.nccih.nih.gov\/health\/tips\/things-to-know-about-mind-and-body-practices-for-sleep-disorders)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)\n- [Benzodiazepines and Opioids](https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/research-topics\/opioids\/benzodiazepines-opioids)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institute on Drug Abuse)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/es\/areas-de-investigacion\/opioides\/las-benzodiacepinas-y-los-opioides)\n- [Drowsy Driving: Avoid Falling Asleep behind the Wheel](https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/risky-driving\/drowsy-driving)  ![Video](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/videocamera.gif)  (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhtsa.gov\/es\/conducir-de-forma-riesgosa\/manejar-sonoliento)\n- [Sleep Disorder (Job Accommodations and the Americans with Disabilities Act)](https:\/\/askjan.org\/disabilities\/Sleep-Disorder.cfm)   (Office of Disability Employment Policy)\n- [Sleep Problems and PTSD](https:\/\/www.veteranshealthlibrary.va.gov\/142,41554_VA)   (Department of Veterans Affairs)\n\n## Specifics\n- [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/circadian-rhythm-disorders)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/es\/salud\/trastornos-del-ritmo-circadiano)\n- [Jet Lag Disorder](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/jet-lag\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20374027?p=1)   (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/es\/diseases-conditions\/jet-lag\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20374027?p=1)\n- [Kleine-Levin Syndrome](https:\/\/rarediseases.info.nih.gov\/diseases\/3117\/kleine-levin-syndrome)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center)\n- [Narcolepsy](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/narcolepsy)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/es\/salud\/narcolepsia)\n- [Narcolepsy](https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/narcolepsy)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/es\/health-information\/disorders\/narcolepsia)\n- [Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/sleepeducation.org\/sleep-disorders\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n- [Sleep Talking (Somniloquy)](https:\/\/sleepeducation.org\/sleep-disorders\/sleep-talking\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n- [Sleep Terrors (Night Terrors)](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/sleep-terrors\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20353524?p=1)   (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/es\/diseases-conditions\/sleep-terrors\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20353524?p=1)\n- [Sleepwalking](https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/sleepwalking\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20353506?p=1)   (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)\n\n## Genetics\n- [Narcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/condition\/narcolepsy\/)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Library of Medicine)\n\n## Statistics and Research\n- [FastStats: Sleep Health](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/sleep-health.htm)   (National Center for Health Statistics)\n- [Sleep Facts and Stats](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/data-research\/facts-stats\/)   (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\n\n## Clinical Trials\n- [ClinicalTrials.gov: Narcolepsy](https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/search?cond=%22Narcolepsy%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institutes of Health)\n- [ClinicalTrials.gov: Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/search?cond=%22Sleep+Disorders%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institutes of Health)\n- [ClinicalTrials.gov: Sleeping Pills](https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/search?intr=%22Sleep+Aids+Pharmaceutical%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institutes of Health)\n\n## Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE\/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)\n- [Article: Relationship Between Heart Rate Variability and Sleep Among Girls and Boys...](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/41873558)\n- [Article: Examining oxidative stress as a mechanistic link between sleep irregularity and...](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/41740185)\n- [Article: Patient outcomes and session dose in a randomized controlled trial of...](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/41734718)\n- [Sleep Disorders -- see more articles](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=%22Sleep+Wake+Disorders%22%5Bmajr%3Anoexp%5D+AND+humans%5Bmh%5D+AND+english%5Bla%5D+AND+%22last+1+Year%22+%5Bedat%5D+AND+%28patient+education+handout%5Bpt%5D+OR+guideline%5Bpt%5D+OR+clinical+trial%5Bpt%5D%29++NOT+%28letter%5Bpt%5D+OR+case+reports%5Bpt%5D+OR+editorial%5Bpt%5D+OR+comment%5Bpt%5D%29+AND+free+full+text%5Bsb%5D+)\n\n## Reference Desk\n- [Hypersomnia](https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/glossary-neurological-terms#hypersomnia)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)\n\n## Find an Expert\n- [American Academy of Sleep Medicine](https:\/\/aasm.org\/)\n- [National Center on Sleep Disorders Research](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/about\/divisions\/division-lung-diseases\/national-center-sleep-disorders-research)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)\n- [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute](https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)\n- [Sleep Center Directory](https:\/\/sleepeducation.org\/sleep-center\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n\n## Children\n- [Bruxism (Teeth Grinding or Clenching) (For Parents)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/parents\/bruxism.html)   (Nemours Foundation)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/es\/parents\/bruxism.html)\n- [Sleep Study (Polysomnogram) (For Parents)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/parents\/sleep-study.html)   (Nemours Foundation)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/es\/parents\/sleep-study.html)\n- [What to Do if You Can't Sleep (For Kids)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/kids\/cant-sleep.html)   (Nemours Foundation)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/es\/kids\/cant-sleep.html)\n\n## Teenagers\n- [Bedwetting (Nocturnal Enuresis) (For Teens)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/teens\/enuresis.html)   (Nemours Foundation)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/es\/teens\/enuresis.html)\n- [Common Sleep Problems (For Teens)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/teens\/sleep.html)   (Nemours Foundation)\n- [Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder in Teens (For Parents)](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/en\/parents\/delayed-sleep-teens.html)   (Nemours Foundation)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/kidshealth.org\/es\/parents\/delayed-sleep-teens.html)\n\n## Women\n- [Shining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep](https:\/\/aasm.org\/shining-the-spotlight-on-women-and-sleep\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n- [Sleep Problems](https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/consumers\/womens-health-topics\/sleep-problems)   (Food and Drug Administration)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/consumers\/free-publications-women\/problemas-del-sueno-sleep-problems)\n\n## Patient Handouts\n- [Changing your sleep habits](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000757.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000757.htm)\n- [Drowsiness](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003208.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/003208.htm)\n- [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000803.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000803.htm)\n- [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000806.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000806.htm)\n- [Medicines for sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000758.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000758.htm)\n- [Narcolepsy](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000802.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000802.htm)\n- [Nightmares](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003209.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/003209.htm)\n- [Sleep and your health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000871.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000871.htm)\n- [Sleep disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000800.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000800.htm)\n- [Sleep paralysis](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000801.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000801.htm)\n- [Teenagers and sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000872.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000872.htm)\n\n## Topic Image\n![Sleep Disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/SleepDisorders.jpg)\n\n## MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA\n- [Changing your sleep habits](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000757.htm)\n- [Drowsiness](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003208.htm)\n- [EEG](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003931.htm)\n- [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000803.htm)\n- [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000806.htm)\n- [Jet lag prevention](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000719.htm)\n- [Medicines for sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000758.htm)\n- [Narcolepsy](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000802.htm)\n- [Night terrors in children](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000809.htm)\n- [Nightmares](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003209.htm)\n\n- [Polysomnography](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003932.htm)\n- [Problems sleeping during pregnancy](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000559.htm)\n- [Sleep and your health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000871.htm)\n- [Sleep disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000800.htm)\n- [Sleep disorders in older adults](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000064.htm)\n- [Sleep paralysis](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000801.htm)\n- [Sleepwalking](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000808.htm)\n- [Teenagers and sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000872.htm)\n\nShow More Show Less\n\n## Related Health Topics\n- [Healthy Sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthysleep.html)\n- [Insomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/insomnia.html)\n- [Restless Legs](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/restlesslegs.html)\n- [Sleep Apnea](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepapnea.html)\n- [Snoring](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/snoring.html)\n\n## National Institutes of Health\nThe primary NIH organization for research on Sleep Disorders is the [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute](http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/)\n\n## Other Languages\nFind [health information in languages other than English](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/languages\/sleepdisorders.html) on *Sleep Disorders*\n\n## NIH MedlinePlus Magazine\n- ['Why Can't I Sleep?!'](https:\/\/magazine.medlineplus.gov\/article\/why-cant-i-sleep)\n\n## Disclaimers\nMedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. MedlinePlus also links to health information from non-government Web sites. See our [disclaimer](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/disclaimers.html) about external links and our [quality guidelines](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/criteria.html).\n\nThe information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.\n\nLearn how to cite this page\n\n- [About MedlinePlus](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/)\n- [What's New](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/whatsnew\/)\n- [Site Map](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sitemap.html)\n- [Customer Support](https:\/\/support.nlm.nih.gov\/knowledgebase\/category\/?id=CAT-01231&category=medlineplus&from=https%3A\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html)\n\n- [Subscribe to RSS![RSS](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/feed.png)](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/rss.html)\n- [Connect with NLM](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/socialmedia\/index.html)\n\n- [NLM Web Policies](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/%20https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/web_policies.html)\n- [Copyright](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/using\/usingcontent\/)\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/accessibility.html)\n- [Guidelines for Links](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/using\/criteria\/)\n- [Viewers & Players](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/plugins.html)\n- [HHS Vulnerability Disclosure](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/vulnerability-disclosure-policy\/index.html)\n- [MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/medlineplus-connect\/)\n- [For Developers](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/about\/developers\/)\n\n[National Library of Medicine](https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/) 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services](https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/) [National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/)\n\nLast updated December 4, 2025\n\n[![Return to top](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/return-top.png)](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepdisorders.html#top \"Return to top\")","attrs_readable_markdown":"On this page\n\n### See, Play and Learn\n- No links available\n\nSummary\n\n### What is sleep?\nWhile you are sleeping your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy.\n\nIt's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning.\n\n### What are sleep disorders?\nSleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include:\n\n- **[Insomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/insomnia.html),** which is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.\n- **Sleep-related breathing disorders** such as [sleep apnea](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/sleepapnea.html), a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep.\n- **Sleep-related movement disorders** such as [restless leg syndrome](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/restlesslegs.html) (RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them.\n- **Hypersomnia,** which is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy.\n- **Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders**, which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag.\n- **Parasomnia**, which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep.\n\nSome people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night.\n\n### What causes sleep disorders?\nThere are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include:\n\n- Other health conditions, such as [heart disease](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/heartdiseases.html), [lung disease](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lungdiseases.html), [nerve disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/neurologicdiseases.html), or [pain](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/pain.html)\n- [Mental illnesses](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/mentaldisorders.html), including [depression](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/depression.html) and [anxiety](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/anxiety.html)\n- Medicines\n- Genetics\n\nSometimes the cause is unknown.\n\nOther factors that may contribute to sleep problems include:\n\n- Using [caffeine](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/caffeine.html) or [alcohol](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/alcohol.html)\n- Having an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift\n- Aging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily\n### What are the symptoms of sleep disorders?\nThe symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that:\n\n- You regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep.\n- You regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning.\n- You often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day.\n- Your bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods.\n- You have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep.\n- Your bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep.\n- You have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing.\n- You have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions.\n- You feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up.\n### How are sleep disorders diagnosed?\nTo diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a [sleep study](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/lab-tests\/sleep-study\/) (polysomnogram). Most sleep studies monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes:\n\n- Brain wave activity\n- Eye movements\n- Breathing rate\n- Blood pressure\n- Heart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles\n\nOther types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day.\n\n### What are the treatments for sleep disorders?\nTreatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include:\n\n- [Practicing good sleep habits](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/healthysleep.html) and other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and [getting regular exercise](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/benefitsofexercise.html)\n- Reducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques\n- Using a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea\n- Using bright light therapy (in the morning)\n- Taking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin\n\nAlways check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use.\n\nStart Here\n\n- [Narcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/condition\/narcolepsy\/)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Library of Medicine)\n\n- [FastStats: Sleep Health](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/sleep-health.htm)   (National Center for Health Statistics)\n- [Sleep Facts and Stats](https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sleep\/data-research\/facts-stats\/)   (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\n\n- [Hypersomnia](https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/glossary-neurological-terms#hypersomnia)  ![From the National Institutes of Health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/images\/nih.png)  (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)\n\n- [Shining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep](https:\/\/aasm.org\/shining-the-spotlight-on-women-and-sleep\/)   (American Academy of Sleep Medicine)\n- [Sleep Problems](https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/consumers\/womens-health-topics\/sleep-problems)   (Food and Drug Administration)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/consumers\/free-publications-women\/problemas-del-sueno-sleep-problems)\n\n- [Changing your sleep habits](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000757.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000757.htm)\n- [Drowsiness](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003208.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/003208.htm)\n- [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000803.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000803.htm)\n- [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000806.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000806.htm)\n- [Medicines for sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000758.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000758.htm)\n- [Narcolepsy](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000802.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000802.htm)\n- [Nightmares](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/003209.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/003209.htm)\n- [Sleep and your health](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000871.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000871.htm)\n- [Sleep disorders](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000800.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000800.htm)\n- [Sleep paralysis](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/article\/000801.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000801.htm)\n- [Teenagers and sleep](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000872.htm)   (Medical Encyclopedia)   Also in [Spanish](https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/patientinstructions\/000872.htm)","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	On this page See, Play and Learn No links available Summary What is sleep? While you are sleeping your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy. It's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning. What are sleep disorders? Sleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include: Insomnia , which is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Sleep-related breathing disorders such as sleep apnea , a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep. Sleep-related movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome (RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them. Hypersomnia, which is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders , which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag. Parasomnia , which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep. Some people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night. What causes sleep disorders? There are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include: Other health conditions, such as heart disease , lung disease , nerve disorders , or pain Mental illnesses , including depression and anxiety Medicines Genetics Sometimes the cause is unknown. Other factors that may contribute to sleep problems include: Using caffeine or alcohol Having an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift Aging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily What are the symptoms of sleep disorders? The symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that: You regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep. You regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning. You often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day. Your bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods. You have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep. Your bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep. You have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing. You have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions. You feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up. How are sleep disorders diagnosed? To diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a sleep study (polysomnogram). Most sleep studies monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes: Brain wave activity Eye movements Breathing rate Blood pressure Heart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles Other types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day. What are the treatments for sleep disorders? Treatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include: Practicing good sleep habits and other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and getting regular exercise Reducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques Using a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea Using bright light therapy (in the morning) Taking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin Always check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use. Start Here Narcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine) FastStats: Sleep Health (National Center for Health Statistics) Sleep Facts and Stats (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Hypersomnia (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Shining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) Sleep Problems (Food and Drug Administration) Also in Spanish Changing your sleep habits (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Drowsiness (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Idiopathic hypersomnia (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Irregular sleep-wake syndrome (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Medicines for sleep (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Narcolepsy (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Nightmares (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Sleep and your health (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Sleep disorders (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Sleep paralysis (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish Teenagers and sleep (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
Markdown	[Skip navigation](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#start) ![](https://medlineplus.gov/uswds/img/us_flag_small.png) An official website of the United States government Here’s how you know Here’s how you know ![](https://medlineplus.gov/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg) Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. ![](https://medlineplus.gov/uswds/img/icon-https.svg) Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Locked padlock icon) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. [![National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nihlogo.png)](https://www.nih.gov/ "National Institutes of Health") [National Library of Medicine](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) [![MedlinePlus Trusted Health Information for You](https://medlineplus.gov/images/m_logo.png)](https://medlineplus.gov/) Menu - [Health Topics](https://medlineplus.gov/healthtopics.html) - [Drugs & Supplements](https://medlineplus.gov/druginformation.html) - [Genetics](https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/) - [Medical Tests](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/) - [Medical Encyclopedia](https://medlineplus.gov/encyclopedia.html) - [About MedlinePlus](https://medlineplus.gov/about/) Search - [About MedlinePlus](https://medlineplus.gov/about/) - [What's New](https://medlineplus.gov/whatsnew/) - [Site Map](https://medlineplus.gov/sitemap.html) - [Customer Support](https://support.nlm.nih.gov/knowledgebase/category/?id=CAT-01231&category=medlineplus&from=https%3A//medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html) - [Health Topics](https://medlineplus.gov/healthtopics.html) - [Drugs & Supplements](https://medlineplus.gov/druginformation.html) - [Genetics](https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/) - [Medical Tests](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/) - [Medical Encyclopedia](https://medlineplus.gov/encyclopedia.html) [Español](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/sleepdisorders.html "Español") You Are Here: [Home](https://medlineplus.gov/) → [Health Topics](https://medlineplus.gov/healthtopics.html) → Sleep Disorders URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html # Sleep Disorders On this page ### Basics - [Summary](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#summary "Go to: Summary") - [Start Here](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_51 "Go to: Start Here") - [Diagnosis and Tests](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_92 "Go to: Diagnosis and Tests") - [Treatments and Therapies](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_78 "Go to: Treatments and Therapies") ### Learn More - [Related Issues](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_47 "Go to: Related Issues") - [Specifics](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_42 "Go to: Specifics") - [Genetics](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_46 "Go to: Genetics") ### See, Play and Learn - No links available ### Research - [Statistics and Research](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_79 "Go to: Statistics and Research") - [Clinical Trials](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_27 "Go to: Clinical Trials") - [Journal Articles](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_59 "Go to: Journal Articles") ### Resources - [Reference Desk](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_82 "Go to: Reference Desk") - [Find an Expert](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_83 "Go to: Find an Expert") ### For You - [Children](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_8 "Go to: Children") - [Teenagers](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_24 "Go to: Teenagers") - [Women](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_7 "Go to: Women") - [Patient Handouts](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepdisorders.html#cat_69 "Go to: Patient Handouts") ## Summary ### What is sleep? While you are sleeping your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy. It's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning. ### What are sleep disorders? Sleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include: - [Insomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/insomnia.html), which is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. - Sleep-related breathing disorders such as [sleep apnea](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepapnea.html), a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep. - Sleep-related movement disorders such as [restless leg syndrome](https://medlineplus.gov/restlesslegs.html) (RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them. - Hypersomnia, which is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy. - Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag. - Parasomnia, which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep. Some people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night. ### What causes sleep disorders? There are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include: - Other health conditions, such as [heart disease](https://medlineplus.gov/heartdiseases.html), [lung disease](https://medlineplus.gov/lungdiseases.html), [nerve disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/neurologicdiseases.html), or [pain](https://medlineplus.gov/pain.html) - [Mental illnesses](https://medlineplus.gov/mentaldisorders.html), including [depression](https://medlineplus.gov/depression.html) and [anxiety](https://medlineplus.gov/anxiety.html) - Medicines - Genetics Sometimes the cause is unknown. Other factors that may contribute to sleep problems include: - Using [caffeine](https://medlineplus.gov/caffeine.html) or [alcohol](https://medlineplus.gov/alcohol.html) - Having an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift - Aging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily ### What are the symptoms of sleep disorders? The symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that: - You regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep. - You regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning. - You often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day. - Your bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods. - You have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep. - Your bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep. - You have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing. - You have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions. - You feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up. ### How are sleep disorders diagnosed? To diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a [sleep study](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/sleep-study/) (polysomnogram). Most sleep studies monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes: - Brain wave activity - Eye movements - Breathing rate - Blood pressure - Heart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles Other types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day. ### What are the treatments for sleep disorders? Treatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include: - [Practicing good sleep habits](https://medlineplus.gov/healthysleep.html) and other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and [getting regular exercise](https://medlineplus.gov/benefitsofexercise.html) - Reducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques - Using a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea - Using bright light therapy (in the morning) - Taking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin Always check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use. ## Start Here - [About Sleep](https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sleep/conditioninfo) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) Also in [Spanish](https://espanol.nichd.nih.gov/salud/temas/sleep/informacion) - [Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-understanding-sleep) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - [What Are Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency?](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/es/salud/privacion-y-la-deficiencia-de-sueno) ## Diagnosis and Tests - [Sleep Studies](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-studies) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/es/salud/estudios-del-sueno) - [Sleep Study](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/sleep-study/) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Library of Medicine) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/pruebas-de-laboratorio/estudio-del-sueno/) ## Treatments and Therapies - [Patients](https://sleepeducation.org/patients/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) - [Sleep Disorder Treatments](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-disorder-treatments) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/es/salud/tratamientos-de-los-trastornos-del-sueno) - [Sleep Disorders and Complementary Health Approaches](https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/sleep-disorders-and-complementary-health-approaches) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health) ## Related Issues - [6 Things to Know about Mind and Body Practices for Sleep Disorders](https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/tips/things-to-know-about-mind-and-body-practices-for-sleep-disorders) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health) - [Benzodiazepines and Opioids](https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/opioids/benzodiazepines-opioids) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institute on Drug Abuse) Also in [Spanish](https://nida.nih.gov/es/areas-de-investigacion/opioides/las-benzodiacepinas-y-los-opioides) - [Drowsy Driving: Avoid Falling Asleep behind the Wheel](https://www.nhtsa.gov/risky-driving/drowsy-driving) ![Video](https://medlineplus.gov/images/videocamera.gif) (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhtsa.gov/es/conducir-de-forma-riesgosa/manejar-sonoliento) - [Sleep Disorder (Job Accommodations and the Americans with Disabilities Act)](https://askjan.org/disabilities/Sleep-Disorder.cfm) (Office of Disability Employment Policy) - [Sleep Problems and PTSD](https://www.veteranshealthlibrary.va.gov/142,41554_VA) (Department of Veterans Affairs) ## Specifics - [Circadian Rhythm Disorders](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/circadian-rhythm-disorders) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/es/salud/trastornos-del-ritmo-circadiano) - [Jet Lag Disorder](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/jet-lag/symptoms-causes/syc-20374027?p=1) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in [Spanish](https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/jet-lag/symptoms-causes/syc-20374027?p=1) - [Kleine-Levin Syndrome](https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/3117/kleine-levin-syndrome) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center) - [Narcolepsy](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/narcolepsy) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Also in [Spanish](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/es/salud/narcolepsia) - [Narcolepsy](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/narcolepsy) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Also in [Spanish](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/es/health-information/disorders/narcolepsia) - [Sleep Disorders](https://sleepeducation.org/sleep-disorders/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) - [Sleep Talking (Somniloquy)](https://sleepeducation.org/sleep-disorders/sleep-talking/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) - [Sleep Terrors (Night Terrors)](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-terrors/symptoms-causes/syc-20353524?p=1) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in [Spanish](https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/sleep-terrors/symptoms-causes/syc-20353524?p=1) - [Sleepwalking](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleepwalking/symptoms-causes/syc-20353506?p=1) (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) ## Genetics - [Narcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics](https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/narcolepsy/) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Library of Medicine) ## Statistics and Research - [FastStats: Sleep Health](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/sleep-health.htm) (National Center for Health Statistics) - [Sleep Facts and Stats](https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data-research/facts-stats/) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ## Clinical Trials - [ClinicalTrials.gov: Narcolepsy](https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=%22Narcolepsy%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institutes of Health) - [ClinicalTrials.gov: Sleep Disorders](https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=%22Sleep+Disorders%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institutes of Health) - [ClinicalTrials.gov: Sleeping Pills](https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=%22Sleep+Aids+Pharmaceutical%22&aggFilters=status:not%20rec) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institutes of Health) ## Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine) - [Article: Relationship Between Heart Rate Variability and Sleep Among Girls and Boys...](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41873558) - [Article: Examining oxidative stress as a mechanistic link between sleep irregularity and...](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41740185) - [Article: Patient outcomes and session dose in a randomized controlled trial of...](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41734718) - [Sleep Disorders -- see more articles](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Sleep+Wake+Disorders%22%5Bmajr%3Anoexp%5D+AND+humans%5Bmh%5D+AND+english%5Bla%5D+AND+%22last+1+Year%22+%5Bedat%5D+AND+%28patient+education+handout%5Bpt%5D+OR+guideline%5Bpt%5D+OR+clinical+trial%5Bpt%5D%29++NOT+%28letter%5Bpt%5D+OR+case+reports%5Bpt%5D+OR+editorial%5Bpt%5D+OR+comment%5Bpt%5D%29+AND+free+full+text%5Bsb%5D+) ## Reference Desk - [Hypersomnia](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/glossary-neurological-terms#hypersomnia) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) ## Find an Expert - [American Academy of Sleep Medicine](https://aasm.org/) - [National Center on Sleep Disorders Research](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/divisions/division-lung-diseases/national-center-sleep-disorders-research) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) - [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) - [Sleep Center Directory](https://sleepeducation.org/sleep-center/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) ## Children - [Bruxism (Teeth Grinding or Clenching) (For Parents)](https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/bruxism.html) (Nemours Foundation) Also in [Spanish](https://kidshealth.org/es/parents/bruxism.html) - [Sleep Study (Polysomnogram) (For Parents)](https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/sleep-study.html) (Nemours Foundation) Also in [Spanish](https://kidshealth.org/es/parents/sleep-study.html) - [What to Do if You Can't Sleep (For Kids)](https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/cant-sleep.html) (Nemours Foundation) Also in [Spanish](https://kidshealth.org/es/kids/cant-sleep.html) ## Teenagers - [Bedwetting (Nocturnal Enuresis) (For Teens)](https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/enuresis.html) (Nemours Foundation) Also in [Spanish](https://kidshealth.org/es/teens/enuresis.html) - [Common Sleep Problems (For Teens)](https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/sleep.html) (Nemours Foundation) - [Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder in Teens (For Parents)](https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/delayed-sleep-teens.html) (Nemours Foundation) Also in [Spanish](https://kidshealth.org/es/parents/delayed-sleep-teens.html) ## Women - [Shining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep](https://aasm.org/shining-the-spotlight-on-women-and-sleep/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) - [Sleep Problems](https://www.fda.gov/consumers/womens-health-topics/sleep-problems) (Food and Drug Administration) Also in [Spanish](https://www.fda.gov/consumers/free-publications-women/problemas-del-sueno-sleep-problems) ## Patient Handouts - [Changing your sleep habits](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000757.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000757.htm) - [Drowsiness](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003208.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/003208.htm) - [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000803.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000803.htm) - [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000806.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000806.htm) - [Medicines for sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000758.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000758.htm) - [Narcolepsy](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000802.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000802.htm) - [Nightmares](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003209.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/003209.htm) - [Sleep and your health](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000871.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000871.htm) - [Sleep disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000800.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000800.htm) - [Sleep paralysis](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000801.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000801.htm) - [Teenagers and sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000872.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000872.htm) ## Topic Image ![Sleep Disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/images/SleepDisorders.jpg) ## MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA - [Changing your sleep habits](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000757.htm) - [Drowsiness](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003208.htm) - [EEG](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003931.htm) - [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000803.htm) - [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000806.htm) - [Jet lag prevention](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000719.htm) - [Medicines for sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000758.htm) - [Narcolepsy](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000802.htm) - [Night terrors in children](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000809.htm) - [Nightmares](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003209.htm) - [Polysomnography](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003932.htm) - [Problems sleeping during pregnancy](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000559.htm) - [Sleep and your health](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000871.htm) - [Sleep disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000800.htm) - [Sleep disorders in older adults](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000064.htm) - [Sleep paralysis](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000801.htm) - [Sleepwalking](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000808.htm) - [Teenagers and sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000872.htm) Show More Show Less ## Related Health Topics - [Healthy Sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/healthysleep.html) - [Insomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/insomnia.html) - [Restless Legs](https://medlineplus.gov/restlesslegs.html) - [Sleep Apnea](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepapnea.html) - [Snoring](https://medlineplus.gov/snoring.html) ## National Institutes of Health The primary NIH organization for research on Sleep Disorders is the [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute](http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/) ## Other Languages Find [health information in languages other than English](https://medlineplus.gov/languages/sleepdisorders.html) on Sleep Disorders ## NIH MedlinePlus Magazine - ['Why Can't I Sleep?!'](https://magazine.medlineplus.gov/article/why-cant-i-sleep) ## Disclaimers MedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. MedlinePlus also links to health information from non-government Web sites. See our [disclaimer](https://medlineplus.gov/disclaimers.html) about external links and our [quality guidelines](https://medlineplus.gov/criteria.html). The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. 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Readable Markdown	On this page ### See, Play and Learn - No links available Summary ### What is sleep? While you are sleeping your brain and body functions are still active. Sleep is a natural process that helps your body restore energy, supports learning and memory, and keeps you healthy. It's not just the number of hours of sleep you get that matters. The quality of your sleep is also important. During the night, your brain cycles through different stages of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. If your sleep is often interrupted, you may not get enough time in certain stages of sleep. Poor-quality sleep does more than make you feel tired. It can affect your physical and mental health, thinking, and daily functioning. ### What are sleep disorders? Sleep disorders are conditions that disturb your normal sleep patterns. There are many types of sleep disorders. Some general types include: - [Insomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/insomnia.html), which is trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. - Sleep-related breathing disorders such as [sleep apnea](https://medlineplus.gov/sleepapnea.html), a condition in which you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep. - Sleep-related movement disorders such as [restless leg syndrome](https://medlineplus.gov/restlesslegs.html) (RLS), which involves tingling or prickling sensations in your legs, and a strong urge to move them. - Hypersomnia, which is extreme daytime sleepiness. This includes narcolepsy. - Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, which are problems falling asleep or waking up at the right times. This may be due to shift work or jet lag. - Parasomnia, which is unusual behaviors during sleep or while falling asleep or waking up. This may include sleepwalking, talking, or eating during sleep. Some people who feel tired during the day have a true sleep disorder, while others simply don't get enough sleep. The amount of sleep you need depends on your age, lifestyle, health, and sleep patterns. Most adults need about 7-9 hours each night. ### What causes sleep disorders? There are different causes for different sleep disorders. They may include: - Other health conditions, such as [heart disease](https://medlineplus.gov/heartdiseases.html), [lung disease](https://medlineplus.gov/lungdiseases.html), [nerve disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/neurologicdiseases.html), or [pain](https://medlineplus.gov/pain.html) - [Mental illnesses](https://medlineplus.gov/mentaldisorders.html), including [depression](https://medlineplus.gov/depression.html) and [anxiety](https://medlineplus.gov/anxiety.html) - Medicines - Genetics Sometimes the cause is unknown. Other factors that may contribute to sleep problems include: - Using [caffeine](https://medlineplus.gov/caffeine.html) or [alcohol](https://medlineplus.gov/alcohol.html) - Having an irregular schedule, such as working the night shift - Aging, since older adults may sleep less, spend less time in deep sleep, and wake easily ### What are the symptoms of sleep disorders? The symptoms of sleep disorders depend on the specific disorder. Some signs that you may have a sleep disorder include that: - You regularly take more than 30 minutes to fall asleep. - You regularly wake up several times and then have trouble falling back to sleep, or you wake up too early in the morning. - You often feel sleepy during the day, take frequent naps, or fall asleep at the wrong times during the day. - Your bed partner says that when you sleep, you snore loudly, snort, gasp, make choking sounds, or stop breathing for short periods. - You have creeping or tingling sensations in your legs or arms that are relieved by moving or massaging them, especially in the evening and when trying to fall asleep. - Your bed partner notices that your legs or arms jerk often during sleep. - You have vivid, dreamlike experiences while falling asleep or dozing. - You have episodes of sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions. - You feel as though you cannot move or speak for a brief time when you first wake up. ### How are sleep disorders diagnosed? To diagnose a sleep disorder, your health care provider will review your medical and sleep history and do a physical exam. You may also have a [sleep study](https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/sleep-study/) (polysomnogram). Most sleep studies monitor and record data about your body during a full night of sleep. The data includes: - Brain wave activity - Eye movements - Breathing rate - Blood pressure - Heart rate and electrical activity in the heart and other muscles Other types of sleep studies may check how quickly you fall asleep during daytime naps or how well you can stay awake during the day. ### What are the treatments for sleep disorders? Treatments for sleep disorders depend on which disorder you have. They may include: - [Practicing good sleep habits](https://medlineplus.gov/healthysleep.html) and other lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and [getting regular exercise](https://medlineplus.gov/benefitsofexercise.html) - Reducing anxiety about sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy or relaxation techniques - Using a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine for sleep apnea - Using bright light therapy (in the morning) - Taking sleep aid medicines, or natural products such as melatonin Always check with your provider before taking any medicine or supplement. Most sleep aid medicines are generally for short-term use. Start Here - [Narcolepsy: MedlinePlus Genetics](https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/narcolepsy/) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Library of Medicine) - [FastStats: Sleep Health](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/sleep-health.htm) (National Center for Health Statistics) - [Sleep Facts and Stats](https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data-research/facts-stats/) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - [Hypersomnia](https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/glossary-neurological-terms#hypersomnia) ![From the National Institutes of Health](https://medlineplus.gov/images/nih.png) (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - [Shining the Spotlight on Women and Sleep](https://aasm.org/shining-the-spotlight-on-women-and-sleep/) (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) - [Sleep Problems](https://www.fda.gov/consumers/womens-health-topics/sleep-problems) (Food and Drug Administration) Also in [Spanish](https://www.fda.gov/consumers/free-publications-women/problemas-del-sueno-sleep-problems) - [Changing your sleep habits](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000757.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000757.htm) - [Drowsiness](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003208.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/003208.htm) - [Idiopathic hypersomnia](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000803.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000803.htm) - [Irregular sleep-wake syndrome](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000806.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000806.htm) - [Medicines for sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000758.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000758.htm) - [Narcolepsy](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000802.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000802.htm) - [Nightmares](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003209.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/003209.htm) - [Sleep and your health](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000871.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000871.htm) - [Sleep disorders](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000800.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000800.htm) - [Sleep paralysis](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000801.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/000801.htm) - [Teenagers and sleep](https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000872.htm) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in [Spanish](https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/patientinstructions/000872.htm)
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