🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 179 (from laksa052)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa179.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical, ml_categories_json AS ml_categories_json, ml_types_json AS ml_types_json, ml_intent_types_json AS ml_intent_types_json, meta_language AS meta_language, attrs_author AS attrs_author, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_publish_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_original_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_original_publish_time, ifNull(attrs_is_republished, 0) AS attrs_is_republished, ifNull(attrs_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_nr_words, ifNull(attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, ifNull(body_ext_links_number, 0) AS body_ext_links_number, ifNull(body_int_links_number, 0) AS body_int_links_number, ifNull(meta_nofollow, 0) AS meta_nofollow, ifNull(meta_noarchive, 0) AS meta_noarchive, ifNull(props_was_rendered, 0) AS props_was_rendered, ifNull(src_redirect, \'\') AS src_redirect, ifNull(download_time_msec, 0) AS download_time_msec, ifNull(download_ttfb_msec, 0) AS download_ttfb_msec, ifNull(download_size, 0) AS download_size FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://hub.jhu.edu/2021/09/03/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects/\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://hub.jhu.edu/2021/09/03/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects/\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/09\/03\/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects\/","crawl_time":1775956096,"first_indexed_time":1630672142,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"edu,jhu!hub,\/2021\/09\/03\/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects\/ s443","src_root_hash":"6599457417117746179","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Lack of side effects after COVID-19 vaccination doesn't mean it isn't working | Hub","meta_descriptions":["Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds"],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds\nBy\nPublished\nSep 3, 2021\nWhen the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm.\nIt was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination.\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus.\"\nAmanda Debes\nAssistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health\nThat's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is\ndescribed in a research letter published Aug. 16 in\nJAMA Internal Medicine\n.\nThe two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease.\n\"It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections,\" says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital.\nThe researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills).\nClinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two.\nRegardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication.\nFactors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure.\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus,\" says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. \"This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation.\"","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/09\/03\/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects\/#main)\n\n[Johns Hopkins UniversityEst. 1876 America’s First Research University](https:\/\/150.jhu.edu\/)\n\n- [Menu](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/09\/03\/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects\/#footer-nav \"Menu\")\n- [Hub](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/)\n  Open Hub\n  - [About the Hub](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/about\/)\n  - [Announcements](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/announcements\/)\n  - [For Media](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/media\/)\n  - [Faculty Experts Guide](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/experts\/)\n  - [Subscribe to the newsletter](http:\/\/eepurl.com\/pa10H)\n  - ###### Explore by Topic\n  - [Arts+Culture](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/arts-culture\/)\n  - [Athletics](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/athletics\/)\n  - [Health](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/health\/)\n  - [Politics+Society](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/politics-society\/)\n  - [Science+Technology](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/science-technology\/)\n  - [Student Life](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/student-life\/)\n  - [University News](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/university-news\/)\n  - [Voices+Opinion](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/voices-opinion\/)\n- [Events](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/events\/)\n- [At Work](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/)\n  Open At Work\n  - [About Hub at Work](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/about\/)\n  - [Gazette Archive](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/gazette\/archive\/)\n  - ###### Explore by Topic\n  - [News+Info](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/news-info\/)\n  - [Benefits+Perks](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/benefits-perks\/)\n  - [Health+Well-Being](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/health-well-being\/)\n  - [Tools+Tech](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/tools-tech\/)\n  - [Happenings](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/at-work\/happenings\/)\n- [Johns Hopkins Magazine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/)\n  Open Johns Hopkins Magazine\n  - [Current Issue](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/2025\/fall\/)\n  - [About the Magazine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/about\/)\n  - [Past Issues](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/past-issues\/)\n  - [Contact](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/contact\/)\n  - [Support Johns Hopkins Magazine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/giving\/)\n  - [Subscribe to the Magazine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/magazine\/subscribe\/)\n- [jhu.edu](https:\/\/www.jhu.edu\/)\n- [Search](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/search\/)\n\n[![Hub](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/assets\/themes\/wphub\/src\/assets\/images\/hubmark-full.svg) ![Hub](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/assets\/themes\/wphub\/src\/assets\/images\/hubmark-full-on-bg-gray.gif)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/)   [![Johns Hopkins University](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/assets\/themes\/wphub\/src\/assets\/images\/logos\/university-logo-small-horizontal-black-no-clear-space.svg) ![Johns Hopkins University](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/assets\/themes\/wphub\/src\/assets\/images\/logos\/university-logo-small-horizontal-black-no-clear-space-on-bg-gray.gif)](https:\/\/www.jhu.edu\/ \"Johns Hopkins University\")\n\n![Getting vaccinated against COVID-19](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/landscape\/public\/covid-vax_3000x2000_090221.jpg)\n\nCredit: Getty Images\n\n# Lack of side effects after COVID-19 vaccination doesn't mean it isn't working\n## Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds\n\nBy Michael E. Newman\n\n\/ Published\n\nSep 3, 2021\n\nWhen the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm.\n\nIt was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination.\n\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus.\"\n\nAmanda Debes\n\nAssistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health\n\nThat's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is [described in a research letter published Aug. 16 in *JAMA Internal Medicine*](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.4580).\n\nThe two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease.\n\n\"It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections,\" says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital.\n\nThe researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills).\n\nClinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two.\n\nRegardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication.\n\nFactors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure.\n\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus,\" says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. \"This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation.\"\n\nPosted in [Health](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/health\/)\n\nTagged [coronavirus](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/tags\/coronavirus\/articles\/), [covid-19 vaccine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/tags\/covid-19-vaccine\/articles\/), [mrna](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/tags\/mrna\/articles\/)\n\n[Share on X](https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&text=Lack%20of%20side%20effects%20after%20COVID-19%20vaccination%20doesn%27t%20mean%20it%20isn%27t%20working&via=HubJHU&related=JohnsHopkins)\n\n[Share on Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&display=page)\n\n[Pin it on 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Pinterest](https:\/\/pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&description=Pfizer%2C%20Moderna%20mRNA%20vaccines%20are%20effective%20even%20without%20post-shot%20symptoms%20or%20prior%20infection%2C%20Johns%20Hopkins%20study%20finds&media=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.hub.jhu.edu%2Ffactory%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fstyles%2Fhub_large%2Fpublic%2Fvaccine_covid_thumb.jpg)\n\nEmail\n\nMore social media options\n\n[Share on LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&title=Lack%20of%20side%20effects%20after%20COVID-19%20vaccination%20doesn%27t%20mean%20it%20isn%27t%20working&summary=Pfizer%2C%20Moderna%20mRNA%20vaccines%20are%20effective%20even%20without%20post-shot%20symptoms%20or%20prior%20infection%2C%20Johns%20Hopkins%20study%20finds&source=The%20Hub&mini=true)\n\n[Share on Reddit](http:\/\/www.reddit.com\/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&title=Lack%20of%20side%20effects%20after%20COVID-19%20vaccination%20doesn%27t%20mean%20it%20isn%27t%20working)\n\n[Share on Tumblr](https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/widgets\/share\/tool?canonicalUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F)\n\n###### Related Content\n[![Moderna vaccine vial, vaccine document card, and syringe](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/vaccine_document_060921.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/08\/20\/vaccine-booster-shots-bill-moss\/)\n\nQ\\+A\n\n##### [What's behind Biden's booster vaccine plan?](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/08\/20\/vaccine-booster-shots-bill-moss\/)\nPublished   Aug 20, 2021\n\nVaccine expert Bill Moss discusses the national vaccine booster plan announced by President Joe Biden and beginning in late September\n\n[![A teen girl shows off her vaccine](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/teen_vaccine_081921.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/08\/19\/vaccinating-kids-against-covid-19\/)\n\nCOVID-19\n\n##### [An expert look at back-to-school vaccinations for teens and kids](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/08\/19\/vaccinating-kids-against-covid-19\/)\nPublished   Aug 19, 2021\n\nAs the new school year approaches, vaccine expert Kawsar Talaat and education policy expert Odis Johnson Jr. discuss the benefits of vaccine mandates for school-age kids\n\n[![COVID-19 vaccine vial](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/vaccine_covid_thumb.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/07\/22\/how-to-update-mrna-vaccines\/)\n\nCOVID-19\n\n##### [How to update an mRNA vaccine](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/07\/22\/how-to-update-mrna-vaccines\/)\nPublished   Jul 22, 2021\n\nConfronted with SARS-CoV-2 variants that could weaken mRNA vaccines? No problem.\n\n[![Research Saves Lives: Learn more about the critical impact of Johns Hopkins research](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/soft_crop_630\/public\/2025-04\/rsl_banner.png)](https:\/\/researchsaveslives.jhu.edu\/)\n\n###### You might also like\n[![Jason McLellan](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2025-10\/mclellan2.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/10\/08\/jason-mclellan-macarthur-fellowship\/)\n\n##### [Alum Jason McLellan named MacArthur Fellow](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/10\/08\/jason-mclellan-macarthur-fellowship\/)\nOct 8, 2025 Video\n\nMcLellan, who earned a PhD from the School of Medicine in 2009, has transformed vaccine design with his work on viral fusion proteins\n\n[![Hai-Quan Mao](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2025-04\/hai-quan-mao_JHU7220.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/04\/30\/nih-funding-hai-quan-mao\/)\n\nResearch matters\n\n##### [Transformative patient care begins in the lab](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/04\/30\/nih-funding-hai-quan-mao\/)\nApr 30, 2025\n\nHai-Quan Mao and his collaborators at Johns Hopkins conduct materials science research using mRNA and other advances to address medical challenges like cancer, malaria, and nerve and tissue damage\n\n[![A colorful, stylized illustration showing cells and DNA double-helixes in pinks, blues, and greens](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2025-04\/mrna_illustration.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/04\/15\/the-disease-fighting-promise-of-mrna\/)\n\nQ\\+A\n\n##### [The promise of mRNA](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/04\/15\/the-disease-fighting-promise-of-mrna\/)\nApr 16, 2025 Video\n\nThree Johns Hopkins experts discuss the potential of mRNA-powered therapeutics to produce lifesaving treatments and cures for a range of diseases, and why federal research cuts risk undermining U.S. scientific leadership in this emerging area\n\n[![Jeff Coller](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2025-03\/jeff_coller.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/03\/19\/nih-funding-jeff-coller-investment-in-research\/)\n\nVoices\n\n##### [America's support for research is a smart investment](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2025\/03\/19\/nih-funding-jeff-coller-investment-in-research\/)\nMar 19, 2025\n\nFederal funding for biomedical research pays off by enabling basic discoveries that lead to lifesaving treatments, writes Hopkins biologist Jeff Coller\n\n###### Trending\n[![Spring blossoms in front of Shriver Hall's university 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insights ahead of the latest installment of the Hopkins Forum, a conversation about AI and labor on Feb. 25\n\n[![Portrait of Katalin Karikó](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2026-04\/2023%20courtesy%20of%20Istva%CC%81n%20Sahin-To%CC%81th_thumb.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2026\/04\/08\/johns-hopkins-commencement-speaker-katalin-kariko\/)\n\nCommencement 2026\n\n##### [mRNA pioneer Katalin Karikó to give Commencement address](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2026\/04\/08\/johns-hopkins-commencement-speaker-katalin-kariko\/)\nApr 8 Video\n\nHungarian immigrant toiled in obscurity before her COVID-19 vaccine work led to Nobel Prize\n\n[![A healthy looking clutch of fresh oyster mushrooms growing out of the base of a dead tree](https:\/\/api.hub.jhu.edu\/factory\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/hub_thumbnail\/public\/2026-03\/oyster-mushrooms.jpg)](https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2026\/03\/18\/white-rot-fungi-pharmaceutical-residues\/)\n\nEnvironmental 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All rights reserved.\n- [University Communications](http:\/\/universitycommunications.jhu.edu\/)\n- 3910 Keswick Rd., Suite N2600, Baltimore, MD\n- [X](http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/JohnsHopkins)   [Facebook](http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/johnshopkinsuniversity)   [LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/edu\/the-johns-hopkins-university-18560)   [YouTube](http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/johnshopkins)   [Instagram](http:\/\/instagram.com\/johnshopkinsu)\n\nPress the escape key to close the dialog.\n\n### Email this article","attrs_readable_markdown":"Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds\n\nBy\n\nPublished\n\nSep 3, 2021\n\nWhen the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm.\n\nIt was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination.\n\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus.\"\n\nAmanda Debes\n\nAssistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health\n\nThat's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is [described in a research letter published Aug. 16 in *JAMA Internal Medicine*](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.4580).\n\nThe two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease.\n\n\"It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer\/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections,\" says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital.\n\nThe researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills).\n\nClinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two.\n\nRegardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication.\n\nFactors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure.\n\n\"The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus,\" says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. \"This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation.\"","meta_canonical":null,"ml_categories_json":"{\"\/Health\":940,\"\/Science\":520,\"\/Science\/Biological_Sciences\":519,\"\/Health\/Public_Health\":485,\"\/Health\/Public_Health\/Health_Policy\":468,\"\/Science\/Biological_Sciences\/Genetics\":333}","ml_types_json":"{\"\/Article\":999,\"\/Article\/Study_or_Research_Findings\":781}","ml_intent_types_json":"{\"Informational\":999}","meta_language":"en","attrs_author":"Michael E. 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Lack of side effects after COVID-19 vaccination doesn't mean it isn't working | Hub

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Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds

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Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds By Published Sep 3, 2021 When the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm. It was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus." Amanda Debes Assistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health That's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is described in a research letter published Aug. 16 in JAMA Internal Medicine . The two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease. "It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections," says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills). Clinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two. Regardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication. Factors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus," says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation."

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[Skip to main content](https://hub.jhu.edu/2021/09/03/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects/#main) [Johns Hopkins UniversityEst. 1876 America’s First Research University](https://150.jhu.edu/) - [Menu](https://hub.jhu.edu/2021/09/03/mrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects/#footer-nav "Menu") - [Hub](https://hub.jhu.edu/) Open Hub - [About the Hub](https://hub.jhu.edu/about/) - [Announcements](https://hub.jhu.edu/announcements/) - [For Media](https://hub.jhu.edu/media/) - [Faculty Experts Guide](https://hub.jhu.edu/experts/) - [Subscribe to the newsletter](http://eepurl.com/pa10H) - ###### Explore by Topic - [Arts+Culture](https://hub.jhu.edu/arts-culture/) - [Athletics](https://hub.jhu.edu/athletics/) - [Health](https://hub.jhu.edu/health/) - [Politics+Society](https://hub.jhu.edu/politics-society/) - [Science+Technology](https://hub.jhu.edu/science-technology/) - [Student Life](https://hub.jhu.edu/student-life/) - [University News](https://hub.jhu.edu/university-news/) - [Voices+Opinion](https://hub.jhu.edu/voices-opinion/) - [Events](https://hub.jhu.edu/events/) - [At Work](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/) Open At Work - [About Hub at Work](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/about/) - [Gazette Archive](https://hub.jhu.edu/gazette/archive/) - ###### Explore by Topic - [News+Info](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/news-info/) - [Benefits+Perks](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/benefits-perks/) - [Health+Well-Being](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/health-well-being/) - [Tools+Tech](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/tools-tech/) - [Happenings](https://hub.jhu.edu/at-work/happenings/) - [Johns Hopkins Magazine](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/) Open Johns Hopkins Magazine - [Current Issue](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/2025/fall/) - [About the Magazine](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/about/) - [Past Issues](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/past-issues/) - [Contact](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/contact/) - [Support Johns Hopkins Magazine](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/giving/) - [Subscribe to the Magazine](https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/subscribe/) - [jhu.edu](https://www.jhu.edu/) - [Search](https://hub.jhu.edu/search/) [![Hub](https://hub.jhu.edu/assets/themes/wphub/src/assets/images/hubmark-full.svg) ![Hub](https://hub.jhu.edu/assets/themes/wphub/src/assets/images/hubmark-full-on-bg-gray.gif)](https://hub.jhu.edu/) [![Johns Hopkins University](https://hub.jhu.edu/assets/themes/wphub/src/assets/images/logos/university-logo-small-horizontal-black-no-clear-space.svg) ![Johns Hopkins University](https://hub.jhu.edu/assets/themes/wphub/src/assets/images/logos/university-logo-small-horizontal-black-no-clear-space-on-bg-gray.gif)](https://www.jhu.edu/ "Johns Hopkins University") ![Getting vaccinated against COVID-19](https://api.hub.jhu.edu/factory/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/covid-vax_3000x2000_090221.jpg) Credit: Getty Images # Lack of side effects after COVID-19 vaccination doesn't mean it isn't working ## Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds By Michael E. Newman / Published Sep 3, 2021 When the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm. It was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus." Amanda Debes Assistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health That's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is [described in a research letter published Aug. 16 in *JAMA Internal Medicine*](https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.4580). The two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease. "It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections," says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills). Clinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two. Regardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication. Factors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus," says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation." Posted in [Health](https://hub.jhu.edu/health/) Tagged [coronavirus](https://hub.jhu.edu/tags/coronavirus/articles/), [covid-19 vaccine](https://hub.jhu.edu/tags/covid-19-vaccine/articles/), [mrna](https://hub.jhu.edu/tags/mrna/articles/) [Share on X](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&text=Lack%20of%20side%20effects%20after%20COVID-19%20vaccination%20doesn%27t%20mean%20it%20isn%27t%20working&via=HubJHU&related=JohnsHopkins) [Share on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2F2021%2F09%2F03%2Fmrna-vax-effectiveness-side-effects%2F&display=page) [Pin it on 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Readable Markdown

Pfizer, Moderna mRNA vaccines are effective even without post-shot symptoms or prior infection, Johns Hopkins study finds By Published Sep 3, 2021 When the two messenger RNA vaccines for COVID-19 first became readily available, many people were talking about side effects—everything from headaches to chills to feeling exhausted for a couple days. Yet plenty of others seemed to take the shots in stride, barely registering much beyond a sore arm. It was popular to assume that feeling lousy was a good thing, a sign that your body was working overtime to develop its defenses against COVID. But researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say that the mRNA vaccines yield a robust antibody response even when people don't develop significant symptoms following vaccination. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus." Amanda Debes Assistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health That's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is [described in a research letter published Aug. 16 in *JAMA Internal Medicine*](https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.4580). The two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease. "It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections," says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills). Clinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two. Regardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication. Factors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus," says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. "This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation."

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