🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 71 (from laksa070)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa071.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical, ml_categories_json AS ml_categories_json, ml_types_json AS ml_types_json, ml_intent_types_json AS ml_intent_types_json, meta_language AS meta_language, attrs_author AS attrs_author, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_publish_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(attrs_original_publish_time), 0) AS attrs_original_publish_time, ifNull(attrs_is_republished, 0) AS attrs_is_republished, ifNull(attrs_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_nr_words, ifNull(attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, 0) AS attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words, ifNull(body_ext_links_number, 0) AS body_ext_links_number, ifNull(body_int_links_number, 0) AS body_int_links_number, ifNull(meta_nofollow, 0) AS meta_nofollow, ifNull(meta_noarchive, 0) AS meta_noarchive, ifNull(props_was_rendered, 0) AS props_was_rendered, ifNull(src_redirect, \'\') AS src_redirect, ifNull(download_time_msec, 0) AS download_time_msec, ifNull(download_ttfb_msec, 0) AS download_ttfb_msec, ifNull(download_size, 0) AS download_size FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen_en\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen_en\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en","crawl_time":1775498548,"first_indexed_time":0,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"eu,europa!ec,home-affairs,\/policies\/schengen_en s443","src_root_hash":"8384339340669129071","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Schengen, visa, borders","meta_descriptions":["Learn more about Schengen, the world’s largest area of free movement. This is enabled by a strict protection of the common external borders, in which Schengen countries collaborate to uphold the highest level of internal security. Find out how it works and what rights and obligations it entails."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million\nEU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders.\nSchengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection. \nTherefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe.\nCelebrate 40 years of Schengen\nThe Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely.\nSchengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system.\nThe EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement.\nEU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas.\nEvery year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows.\nThe Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU.\nThe Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries.\nEffective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks.\nPassports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting.\nThe EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#main-content)\n\nThis site uses cookies. Visit our [cookies policy page](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/cookies-policy_en) or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.\n\n[Accept all cookies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#accept) [Accept only essential cookies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#refuse)\n\n![](https:\/\/webtools.europa.eu\/images\/flags\/eu.svg) An official website of the European Union An official EU website\n\nHow do you know?\n\nAll official European Union website addresses are in the **europa.eu** domain.\n\n[See all EU institutions and bodies](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/institutions-law-budget\/institutions-and-bodies\/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en)\n\n[![European Commission logo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/themes\/contrib\/oe_theme\/dist\/ec\/images\/logo\/logo-ec--mute.svg)](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\n[en](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en)\n\nSelect your language\n\nClose\n\nEU official languages\n\n- [bgбългарски](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_bg)\n- [esespañol](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_es)\n- [csčeština](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_cs)\n- [dadansk](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_da)\n- [deDeutsch](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_de)\n- [eteesti](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_et)\n- [elελληνικά](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_el)\n- [enEnglish](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en)\n- [frfrançais](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_fr)\n- [gaGaeilge](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_ga)\n- [hrhrvatski](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_hr)\n- [ititaliano](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_it)\n- [lvlatviešu](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_lv)\n- [ltlietuvių](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_lt)\n- [humagyar](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_hu)\n- [mtMalti](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_mt)\n- [nlNederlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_nl)\n- [plpolski](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_pl)\n- [ptportuguês](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_pt)\n- [roromână](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_ro)\n- [skslovenčina](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_sk)\n- [slslovenščina](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_sl)\n- [fisuomi](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_fi)\n- [svsvenska](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_sv)\n\nOther languages\n\n- [arالعربية](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_ar)\n- [ruрусский](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_ru)\n- [ukyкраїнська](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_uk)\n\n[Live, work, travel in the EU](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/live-work-travel-eu_en)\n\nMigration and Home Affairs\n\nMenu\n\nBack\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n- Migration\n  Migration and asylum\n  \n  DG HOME aims to develop a common EU policy in the area of migration and asylum. These include: the Pact on Migration and Asylum, the Common European Asylum System, legal migration, integration, irregular migration and return.\n  \n  - Asylum in the EU\n    - [Determining the Member State responsible for an asylum application](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/determining-member-state-responsible-asylum-application_en)\n    - [Reception conditions](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/reception-conditions_en)\n    - [Temporary protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/temporary-protection_en)\n    - [Statistics](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/statistics_en)\n    - [Who qualifies for international protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/who-qualifies-international-protection_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu_en)\n  - EU Immigration Portal\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [International service provider in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-austria_en)\n    - [International service provider in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-slovakia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-slovenia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-spain_en)\n    - [International service provider in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-sweden_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovakia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovenia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-spain_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-sweden_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Student in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-slovakia_en)\n    - [Student in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-slovenia_en)\n    - [Student in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-spain_en)\n    - [Trainee in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-slovakia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-slovenia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-spain_en)\n    - [Trainee in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-sweden_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-slovakia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-slovenia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-spain_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Family member in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-slovakia_en)\n    - [Family member in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-slovenia_en)\n    - [Student in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-sweden_en)\n    - [Family member in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-spain_en)\n    - [Researcher in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-slovakia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-slovenia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-spain_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Employed worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-france_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Employed worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Family member in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-belgium_en)\n    - [Family member in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-austria_en)\n    - [Family member in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Family member in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-croatia_en)\n    - [Family member in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-cyprus_en)\n    - [Family member in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-czechia_en)\n    - [Family member in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-denmark_en)\n    - [Family member in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-estonia_en)\n    - [Family member in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-finland_en)\n    - [Family member in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-france_en)\n    - [Family member in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-germany_en)\n    - [Family member in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-greece_en)\n    - [Family member in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-hungary_en)\n    - [Family member in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-ireland_en)\n    - [Family member in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-italy_en)\n    - [Family member in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-latvia_en)\n    - [Family member in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-lithuania_en)\n    - [Family member in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Family member in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-malta_en)\n    - [Family member in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-poland_en)\n    - [Family member in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-portugal_en)\n    - [Family member in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-sweden_en)\n    - [Family member in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-romania_en)\n    - [Family member in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-netherlands_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-france_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [International service provider in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-belgium_en)\n    - [International service provider in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-bulgaria_en)\n    - [International service provider in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-croatia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-cyprus_en)\n    - [International service provider in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-czechia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-denmark_en)\n    - [International service provider in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-estonia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-finland_en)\n    - [International service provider in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-france_en)\n    - [International service provider in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-germany_en)\n    - [International service provider in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-greece_en)\n    - [International service provider in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-hungary_en)\n    - [International service provider in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-ireland_en)\n    - [International service provider in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-italy_en)\n    - [International service provider in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-latvia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-lithuania_en)\n    - [International service provider in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-luxembourg_en)\n    - [International service provider in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-malta_en)\n    - [International service provider in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-poland_en)\n    - [International service provider in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-portugal_en)\n    - [International service provider in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-romania_en)\n    - [International service provider in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-netherlands_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-belgium_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-austria_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-croatia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-cyprus_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-czechia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-denmark_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-estonia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-finland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-france_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-germany_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-greece_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-hungary_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-ireland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-italy_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-latvia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-lithuania_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-malta_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-poland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-portugal_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-romania_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-netherlands_en)\n    - [Researcher in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-belgium_en)\n    - [Researcher in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-austria_en)\n    - [Researcher in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Researcher in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-croatia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-cyprus_en)\n    - [Researcher in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-czechia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-denmark_en)\n    - [Researcher in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-estonia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-finland_en)\n    - [Researcher in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-france_en)\n    - [Researcher in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-germany_en)\n    - [Researcher in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-hungary_en)\n    - [Researcher in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-ireland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-italy_en)\n    - [Researcher in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-latvia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-lithuania_en)\n    - [Researcher in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Researcher in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-malta_en)\n    - [Researcher in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-poland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-portugal_en)\n    - [Researcher in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-romania_en)\n    - [Researcher in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-netherlands_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-france_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-france_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Student in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-belgium_en)\n    - [Student in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-austria_en)\n    - [Student in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Student in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-croatia_en)\n    - [Student in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-cyprus_en)\n    - [Student in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-czechia_en)\n    - [Student in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-denmark_en)\n    - [Student in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-estonia_en)\n    - [Student in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-finland_en)\n    - [Student in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-france_en)\n    - [Student in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-germany_en)\n    - [Researcher in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-greece_en)\n    - [Student in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-greece_en)\n    - [Student in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-hungary_en)\n    - [Student in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-ireland_en)\n    - [Student in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-italy_en)\n    - [Student in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-latvia_en)\n    - [Student in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-lithuania_en)\n    - [Student in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Student in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-malta_en)\n    - [Student in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-poland_en)\n    - [Student in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-portugal_en)\n    - [Student in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-romania_en)\n    - [Student in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-netherlands_en)\n    - [Trainee in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-belgium_en)\n    - [Trainee in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-austria_en)\n    - [Trainee in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Trainee in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-croatia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-cyprus_en)\n    - [Trainee in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-czechia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-denmark_en)\n    - [Trainee in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-estonia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-finland_en)\n    - [Trainee in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-france_en)\n    - [Trainee in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-germany_en)\n    - [Trainee in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-greece_en)\n    - [Trainee in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-hungary_en)\n    - [Trainee in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-ireland_en)\n    - [Trainee in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-italy_en)\n    - [Trainee in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-latvia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-lithuania_en)\n    - [Trainee in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Trainee in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-malta_en)\n    - [Trainee in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-poland_en)\n    - [Trainee in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-portugal_en)\n    - [Trainee in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-romania_en)\n    - [Trainee in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-netherlands_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-belgium_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-austria_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-croatia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-cyprus_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-czechia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-denmark_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-estonia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-finland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-france_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-germany_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-greece_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-hungary_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-ireland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-italy_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-latvia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-lithuania_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-malta_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-poland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-portugal_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-romania_en)\n    - [Volunteer in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-netherlands_en)\n    - [Who does what?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/who-does-what_en)\n    - [What category do I fit into?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/what-category-do-i-fit_en)\n    - [Already in the EU?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/already-eu_en)\n    - [What should I avoid?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/what-should-i-avoid_en)\n    - [EU Blue Card](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/eu-blue-card_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal_en)\n  - Irregular migration and return\n    - [An effective, firm and fair EU return and readmission policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/effective-firm-and-fair-eu-return-and-readmission-policy_en)\n    - [International Conference on a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [Migrant smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [The EU Return Coordinator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/eu-return-coordinator_en)\n    - [2025 International Conference of the Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/2025-international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return_en)\n  - Legal migration and resettlement\n    - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-forum-emf_en)\n    - [Legal migration fitness check](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/legal-migration-fitness-check_en)\n    - [Long-term residents](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/long-term-residents_en)\n    - [Resettlement and humanitarian admission](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/resettlement-and-humanitarian-admission_en)\n    - [Study and research](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/study-and-research_en)\n    - [Family reunification with non-EU nationals](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/family-reunification-non-eu-nationals_en)\n    - [Talent Partnerships](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/talent-partnerships_en)\n    - [Work](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/work_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement_en)\n  - Migrant integration\n    - [Migrant integration hub](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/migrant-integration-hub_en)\n    - [EU integration policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/eu-integration-policy_en)\n    - [EU long-term residence](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/eu-long-term-residence_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration_en)\n  - Migration management\n    - [Migration Management in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-italy_en)\n    - [Migration Management in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-spain_en)\n    - [Migration management in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-cyprus_en)\n    - [Migration management: Welcoming displaced people from Ukraine](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en)\n    - [Relocation: EU solidarity in practice](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/relocation-eu-solidarity-practice_en)\n    - [Search and rescue](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/search-and-rescue_en)\n    - [Task Force Migration Management](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/task-force-migration-management_en)\n    - [Migration management in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-greece_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management_en)\n  - Pact on Migration and Asylum\n    - [First Annual Migration Management Cycle](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/first-annual-migration-management-cycle_en)\n    - [Legislative files in a nutshell](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/legislative-files-nutshell_en)\n    - [Implementing the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/implementing-pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n    - [Questions and answers on the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/questions-and-answers-pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n  - [Statistics on migration to Europe](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/statistics-migration-europe_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum_en)\n- Schengen\n  Schengen\n  \n  Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million EU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU.\n  \n  - Border crossing\n    - [Short-stay calculator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing\/short-stay-calculator_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing_en)\n  - [Eurosur](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/eurosur_en)\n  - [Effective management of external borders](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/effective-management-external-borders_en)\n  - [Interoperability](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/interoperability_en)\n  - Schengen Information System\n    - [Access rights and data protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/access-rights-and-data-protection_en)\n    - [Alerts and data in SIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/alerts-and-data-sis_en)\n    - [Questions and answers](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/questions-and-answers_en)\n    - [SIRENE cooperation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/sirene-cooperation_en)\n    - [Success stories](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/success-stories_en)\n    - [What is SIS and how does it work?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/what-sis-and-how-does-it-work_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system_en)\n  - Schengen area\n    - [History of Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/history-schengen_en)\n    - [Schengen Governance](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/schengen-governance_en)\n    - [Temporary Reintroduction of Border Control](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/temporary-reintroduction-border-control_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area_en)\n  - Smart Borders\n    - [European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders\/european-travel-information-authorisation-system_en)\n    - [Entry\/Exit System (EES)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders\/entry-exit-system_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders_en)\n  - [Travel and residence documents](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/travel-and-residence-documents_en)\n  - Visa Information System (VIS)\n    - [Key documents and legislation on VIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-information-system\/key-documents-and-legislation-vis_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-information-system_en)\n  - Visa policy\n    - [Applying for a Schengen visa](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en)\n    - [Legal documents related to Schengen visas](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/legal-documents-related-schengen-visas_en)\n    - [Short-stay visas issued by Schengen countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/short-stay-visas-issued-schengen-countries_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en)\n- Internal security\n  Internal security\n  \n  The European Commission plays a key role in shaping and implementing the EU’s internal security policies, ensuring that security is integrated into EU legislation and policies.\n  \n  - Counter-terrorism and radicalisation\n    - [Fight against the financing of terrorism](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/fight-against-financing-terrorism_en)\n    - [Prevention of radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [Protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/protection_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation_en)\n  - Cybercrime\n    - [E-evidence](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime\/e-evidence_en)\n    - [International cooperation against cybercrime](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime\/international-cooperation-against-cybercrime_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime_en)\n  - Innovation and security research\n    - [Security Research Event](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/innovation-and-security-research\/security-research-event_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/innovation-and-security-research_en)\n  - Law enforcement cooperation\n    - [EMPACT fighting crime together](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/empact-fighting-crime-together_en)\n    - [Cooperation with Europol](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/cooperation-europol_en)\n    - [Cooperation with CEPOL](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/cooperation-cepol_en)\n    - [Information exchange](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/information-exchange_en)\n    - [Operational law enforcement cooperation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/operational-law-enforcement-cooperation_en)\n    - [Supporting action: funding, research and innovation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/supporting-action-funding-research-and-innovation_en)\n    - [Travel Information](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/travel-information_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation_en)\n  - Lawful access to data\n    - [Data retention](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/data-retention_en)\n    - [Encryption](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/encryption_en)\n    - [Projects for digital investigations](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/projects-digital-investigations_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data_en)\n  - Organised crime\n    - [Confiscation and asset recovery](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/confiscation-and-asset-recovery_en)\n    - [Crime prevention](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/crime-prevention_en)\n    - [Drugs policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/drugs-policy_en)\n    - [Financial investigations](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/financial-investigations_en)\n    - [Money laundering](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/money-laundering_en)\n    - [Together Against Trafficking in Human Beings](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/together-against-trafficking-human-beings_en)\n    - [Trafficking in cultural goods](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/trafficking-cultural-goods_en)\n    - [Trafficking in firearms](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/trafficking-firearms_en)\n    - [Counterfeiting](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/counterfeiting_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime_en)\n  - Protecting children from sexual abuse\n    - [Funding to support the fight against child sexual abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/funding-support-fight-against-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [Cooperation against child sexual abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/cooperation-against-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [EU versus Child Sexual Abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/eu-versus-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [Legal framework to protect children](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/legal-framework-protect-children_en)\n    - [What is the EU doing to protect children from sexual abuse?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/what-eu-doing-protect-children-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security_en)\n- [Agencies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/agencies_en)\n- Networks\n  Networks\n  \n  The DG for Migration and Home Affairs organises and supports networks where members exchange views and information on policies, such as: child sexual abuse, radicalisation, drugs, protection of critical infrastructure and migration.\n  \n  - CERIS - Community for European Research and Innovation for Security\n    - [About CERIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/about-ceris_en)\n    - [CERIS in pictures](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-pictures_en)\n    - [CERIS events](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-events_en)\n    - [CERIS news](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-news_en)\n    - [EU security market study](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/eu-security-market-study_en)\n    - [Subscribe](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/subscribe_en)\n    - [Thematic areas](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/thematic-areas_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security_en)\n  - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-forum-emf_en)\n  - EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation\n    - [Calls for Applications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/calls-applications_en)\n    - [Knowledge Transfer](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/knowledge-transfer_en)\n    - [Inspiring Practices Repository](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/inspiring-practices-repository_en)\n    - [Prev. Inspiring Practices Repository](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/prev-inspiring-practices-repository_en)\n    - [Thematic Panels](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/thematic-panels_en)\n    - [Welcome Package](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/welcome-package_en)\n    - [Expert Database](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/expert-database_en)\n    - [Media](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/media_en)\n    - [PCVE & Strategic Communications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/pcve-strategic-communications_en)\n    - [The Root Causes of Violent Extremism - The Basics](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/root-causes-violent-extremism-basics_en)\n    - [Strategic Orientations on a coordinated EU approach to prevention of radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/strategic-orientations-coordinated-eu-approach-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [A Way Out From Violent Extremism](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/way-out-violent-extremism_en)\n    - [Establishing Common Standards ‒ Gender-specific approaches in practical P\/CVE](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/establishing-common-standards-gender-specific-approaches-practical-pcve_en)\n    - [EU Security Union Strategy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/eu-security-union-strategy_en)\n    - [About the EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/about-eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [Spotlight on Gender](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/spotlight-gender_en)\n    - [Guide for Teachers and Schools](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/guide-teachers-and-schools_en)\n    - [News](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/news_en)\n    - [Calendar](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/calendar_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n  - RAN Policy Support\n    - [EC Research e-Library on Radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ran-policy-support\/ec-research-e-library-radicalisation_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ran-policy-support_en)\n  - European Migration Network (EMN)\n    - [About the EMN](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/about-emn_en)\n    - [EMN Asylum and Migration Glossary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary_en)\n    - [EMN Events](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-events_en)\n    - [EMN Member and Observer Countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-member-and-observer-countries_en)\n    - [EMN partners](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-partners_en)\n    - [EMN publications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-publications_en)\n    - [EMNews](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emnews_en)\n    - [Expert groups](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/expert-groups_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn_en)\n  - [European Union Internet Forum](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-union-internet-forum_en)\n  - [Labour Migration Platform](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/labour-migration-platform_en)\n  - [Law Enforcement Networks Working Group (LENWG)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/law-enforcement-networks-working-group-lenwg_en)\n  - [Network for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/network-prevention-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n  - [High-Level Group (HLG) on access to data for effective law enforcement](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/high-level-group-hlg-access-data-effective-law-enforcement_en)\n  - [Civil Society Forum on Drugs (CSF)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/civil-society-forum-drugs-csf_en)\n  - RAN Practitioners (archived)\n    - [About RAN](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/about-ran_en)\n    - [Civil Society Empowerment Programme (CSEP)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/civil-society-empowerment-programme_en)\n    - [Collection of inspiring practices](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/collection-inspiring-practices_en)\n    - [Conferences and Webinars](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/conferences-and-webinars_en)\n    - [Publications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-publications_en)\n    - [RAN Media](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-media_en)\n    - [RAN News](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-news_en)\n    - [RAN Participants](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-participants_en)\n    - [RAN Practitioners pages](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-practitioners-pages_en)\n    - [RAN Publications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-publications_en)\n    - [RAN YOUNG PLATFORM](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-young-platform_en)\n    - [RAN in the Western Balkans](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/ran-western-balkans_en)\n    - [Topics and Working Groups](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran\/topics-and-working-groups_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks_en)\n- Funding\n  Funding\n  \n  Learn about EU funds supporting projects on migration and home affairs: Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF), Internal Security Fund (ISF) and Horizon Europe funding for security research.\n  \n  - Asylum, migration and integration funds\n    - [Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (2021-2027)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds\/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2021-2027_en)\n    - [Asylum, Migration and Integration fund (2014-2020)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds\/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2014-2020_en)\n    - [European Migration Network (EMN)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds\/european-migration-network-emn_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds_en)\n  - Borders and visa funds\n    - [Integrated Border Management Fund – Border Management and Visa Instrument (2021-27)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/borders-and-visa-funds\/integrated-border-management-fund-border-management-and-visa-instrument-2021-27_en)\n    - [Internal Security Fund - Borders and visa (2014-2020)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/borders-and-visa-funds\/internal-security-fund-borders-and-visa-2014-2020_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/borders-and-visa-funds_en)\n  - Internal security funds\n    - [Internal Security Fund (2021-2027)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/internal-security-funds\/internal-security-fund-2021-2027_en)\n    - [Internal Security Fund - Police (2014-2020)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/internal-security-funds\/internal-security-fund-police-2014-2020_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/internal-security-funds_en)\n  - [EU Civil security research funds](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/eu-civil-security-research-funds_en)\n  - [EU Projects in Action](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/eu-projects-action_en)\n  - [Funding contacts](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/funding-contacts_en)\n  - [Funding communication material](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/funding-communication-material_en)\n  - [Ongoing calls](https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/funding-tenders\/opportunities\/portal\/screen\/home)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/funding_en)\n- What's new\n  What's new\n  \n  All the latest news, events, publications and more from DG Migration & Home affairs.\n  \n  - [News](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/news_en)\n  - Communication campaigns\n    - [Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/communication-campaigns\/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en)\n    - [End human trafficking. Break the invisible chain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/communication-campaigns\/end-human-trafficking-break-invisible-chain_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/communication-campaigns_en)\n  - [Newsletter](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/newsletter_en)\n  - [Events](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/events_en)\n  - [Public consultations](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/public-consultations_en)\n  - [Publications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/publications_en)\n  - Evaluations and impact assessments\n    - [Mid-term evaluation of the Europe for Citizens programme 2014-2020](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/evaluations-and-impact-assessments\/mid-term-evaluation-europe-citizens-programme-2014-2020_en)\n    - [Ex-post evaluation of the programme \"Prevention of and fight against Crime\" (ISEC) 2007-2013](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/evaluations-and-impact-assessments\/ex-post-evaluation-programme-prevention-and-fight-against-crime-isec-2007-2013_en)\n    - [Ex-post evaluation of the four instruments under the General Programme “Solidarity and Management of Migration Flows” (SOLID)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/evaluations-and-impact-assessments\/ex-post-evaluation-four-instruments-under-general-programme-solidarity-and-management-migration_en)\n    - [Ex-post evaluation of the 'Prevention, Preparedness and Consequence Management of Terrorism and other Security related risks Programme' ('CIPS') (2007-2013)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/evaluations-and-impact-assessments\/ex-post-evaluation-prevention-preparedness-and-consequence-management-terrorism-and-other-security_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/evaluations-and-impact-assessments_en)\n  - [EU law monitoring](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/eu-law-monitoring_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new_en)\n- Who we are\n  Who we are\n  \n  About DG Migration & Home affairs\n  \n  - [About us](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are\/about-us_en)\n  - [Job opportunities](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are\/job-opportunities_en)\n  - [Contact us](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are\/contact-us_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are_en)\n\n![](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/page_header_background\/public\/2024-02\/border-banner.jpg.webp?itok=wDfQ8_I2)\n\n1. [HOME](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n2. [Policies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies_en)\n3. Schengen\n# Schengen\n- 18 February 2025\n\nSchengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 millionEU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders.\n\nSchengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection.\n\nTherefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe.\n\n[Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/communication-campaigns\/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en)\n\n![Schengen Area](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2025-04\/Schengen%20Area.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=JCKTEbou)\n\n[Schengen area](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area_en)\n\nThe Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely.\n\n![Schengen governance](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2025-06\/Schengen-governance.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=nxv_NZuL)\n\n[Schengen Governance](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/schengen-governance_en)\n\nSchengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system.\n\n![Common European Asylum System](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6310-%202%20%C2%A9%20ConvertKit%20Unsplash.jpg?itok=ZmH904yG)\n\n[Visa policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy_en)\n\nThe EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement.\n\n![Border crossing](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6309-2.jpg?itok=_CtrSKvO)\n\n[Border crossing](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing_en)\n\nEU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas.\n\n![An example of innovative SMEs in the management of biometric data at Lisbon Airport..](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/avportal\/P-025190\/00-08.jpg?itok=d-izCJGT)\n\n[Smart Borders](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders_en)\n\nEvery year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows.\n\n![Schengen Information System](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6309-5.jpg?itok=guK7FPFn)\n\n[Schengen Information System (SIS)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system_en)\n\nThe Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU.\n\n[Visa Information System (VIS)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-information-system_en)\n\nThe Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries.\n\n[Effective management of external borders](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/effective-management-external-borders_en)\n\nEffective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks.\n\n[Travel and residence documents](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/travel-and-residence-documents_en)\n\nPassports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting.\n\n[Interoperability](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/interoperability_en)\n\nThe EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration.\n\nWe are social\n\n- [Follow us on X](https:\/\/x.com\/EUHomeAffairs)\n- [Follow us on YouTube](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/EUHomeAffairs\/about)\n- [Follow us on LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/european-commission-eu-funds)\n- [Sign up to our Newsletter](https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/newsroom\/home\/user-subscriptions\/2668\/create)\n- [Other social networks](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/social-media-channels_en)\n\nShare this page\n\n- [X](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#x \"Share via X\")\n- [Facebook](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#facebook \"Share via Facebook\")\n- [LinkedIn](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#linkedin \"Share via LinkedIn\")\n- [E-mail](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#email \"Share via E-mail\")\n- [More share options](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#share \"More share options\")\n  \n  - [X](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#x)\n  - [Whatsapp](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#whatsapp)\n  - [Gmail](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#gmail)\n  - [Print](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#print)\n  - [Typepad](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#typepad)\n  - [Pinterest](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#pinterest)\n  - [Blogger](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#blogger)\n  - [Pocket](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#pocket)\n  - [YahooMail](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#yahoomail)\n  - [Threads](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#threads)\n  - [Weibo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#weibo)\n  - [Viadeo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#viadeo)\n  - [Reddit](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#reddit)\n  - [Qzone](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#qzone)\n  - [Netvibes](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#netvibes)\n  - [Yammer](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#yammer)\n  - [Tumblr](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#tumblr)\n  - [Digg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#digg)\n  - [Mastodon](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#mastodon)\n  - [BlueSky](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en#bluesky)\n\n[Migration and Home Affairs](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\nThis site is managed by:  \nDirectorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs\n\nContact us\n\n- [Contact our DG](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are\/contact-us_en)\n\nMore information on:\n\n- [Live, work, travel in the EU](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/live-work-travel-eu_en)\n\n[![European Commission logo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/themes\/contrib\/oe_theme\/dist\/ec\/images\/logo\/negative\/logo-ec--en.svg)](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\nFollow the European Commission\n\n- [Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/EuropeanCommission)\n- [Instagram](https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/europeancommission)\n- [X](https:\/\/x.com\/EU_Commission)\n- [Linkedin](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/european-commission)\n- [Other](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/social-media-channels_en)\n\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/about\/contact_en)\n\n- [Report an IT vulnerability](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/legal-notice\/vulnerability-disclosure-policy_en)\n- [Languages on our websites](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/languages-our-websites_en)\n- [Cookies](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/cookies-policy_en)\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/privacy-policy-websites-managed-european-commission_en)\n- [Legal notice](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/legal-notice_en)\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/accessibility-statement_en)\n\nSearch\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the filter display\n\nClose","attrs_readable_markdown":"Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 millionEU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders.\n\nSchengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection.\n\nTherefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe.\n\n[Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/whats-new\/communication-campaigns\/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en)\n\n![Schengen Area](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2025-04\/Schengen%20Area.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=JCKTEbou)\n\nThe Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely.\n\n![Schengen governance](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2025-06\/Schengen-governance.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=nxv_NZuL)\n\nSchengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system.\n\n![Common European Asylum System](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6310-%202%20%C2%A9%20ConvertKit%20Unsplash.jpg?itok=ZmH904yG)\n\nThe EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement.\n\n![Border crossing](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6309-2.jpg?itok=_CtrSKvO)\n\nEU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas.\n\n![An example of innovative SMEs in the management of biometric data at Lisbon Airport..](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/avportal\/P-025190\/00-08.jpg?itok=d-izCJGT)\n\nEvery year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows.\n\n![Schengen Information System](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium\/public\/2021-09\/6309-5.jpg?itok=guK7FPFn)\n\nThe Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU.\n\nThe Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries.\n\nEffective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks.\n\nPassports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting.\n\nThe EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration.","meta_canonical":null,"ml_categories_json":"{\"\/Law_and_Government\":954,\"\/Law_and_Government\/Legal\":682,\"\/Law_and_Government\/Legal\/Other\":328}","ml_types_json":"{\"\/Article\":894,\"\/Article\/Definitions\":495}","ml_intent_types_json":"{\"Informational\":999}","meta_language":"en","attrs_author":null,"attrs_publish_time":0,"attrs_original_publish_time":1775498548,"attrs_is_republished":0,"attrs_nr_words":"3234","attrs_boilerpipe_nr_words":"413","body_ext_links_number":7,"body_int_links_number":549,"meta_nofollow":0,"meta_noarchive":0,"props_was_rendered":1,"src_redirect":"","download_time_msec":86,"download_ttfb_msec":83,"download_size":33552}

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Learn more about Schengen, the world’s largest area of free movement. This is enabled by a strict protection of the common external borders, in which Schengen countries collaborate to uphold the highest level of internal security. Find out how it works and what rights and obligations it entails.

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Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million EU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders. Schengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection. Therefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe. Celebrate 40 years of Schengen The Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely. Schengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system. The EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement. EU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas. Every year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows. The Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU. The Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries. Effective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks. Passports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting. The EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration.

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[Highly-qualified worker in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-slovakia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-slovenia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-spain_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-sweden_en) - [International service provider in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-austria_en) - [International service provider in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-slovakia_en) - [International service provider in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-slovenia_en) - [International service provider in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-spain_en) - [International service provider in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-sweden_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovakia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovenia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-spain_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-sweden_en) - [Seasonal worker in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-slovakia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-slovenia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-spain_en) - [Seasonal worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-sweden_en) - [Self-employed worker in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-slovakia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-slovenia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-spain_en) - [Self-employed worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-sweden_en) - [Student in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-slovakia_en) - [Student in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-slovenia_en) - [Student in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-spain_en) - [Trainee in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-slovakia_en) - [Trainee in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-slovenia_en) - [Trainee in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-spain_en) - [Trainee in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-sweden_en) - [Volunteer in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-slovakia_en) - [Volunteer in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-slovenia_en) - [Volunteer in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-spain_en) - [Volunteer in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-slovakia_en) - [Employed worker in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-slovenia_en) - [Employed worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-spain_en) - [Family member in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-slovakia_en) - [Family member in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-slovenia_en) - [Student in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-sweden_en) - [Family member in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-spain_en) - [Researcher in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-slovakia_en) - [Researcher in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-slovenia_en) - [Researcher in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-spain_en) - [Employed worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-belgium_en) - [Employed worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-austria_en) - [Employed worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Employed worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-croatia_en) - [Employed worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-cyprus_en) - [Employed worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-czechia_en) - [Employed worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-denmark_en) - [Employed worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-estonia_en) - [Employed worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-finland_en) - [Employed worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-germany_en) - [Employed worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-france_en) - [Employed worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-greece_en) - [Employed worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-hungary_en) - [Employed worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-ireland_en) - [Employed worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-italy_en) - [Employed worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-latvia_en) - [Employed worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-lithuania_en) - [Employed worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Employed worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-malta_en) - [Employed worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-poland_en) - [Researcher in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-portugal_en) - [Employed worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-romania_en) - [Employed worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-netherlands_en) - [Family member in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-belgium_en) - [Family member in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-austria_en) - [Family member in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-bulgaria_en) - [Family member in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-croatia_en) - [Family member in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-cyprus_en) - [Family member in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-czechia_en) - [Family member in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-denmark_en) - [Family member in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-estonia_en) - [Family member in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-finland_en) - [Family member in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-france_en) - [Family member in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-germany_en) - [Family member in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-greece_en) - [Family member in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-hungary_en) - [Family member in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-ireland_en) - [Family member in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-italy_en) - [Family member in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-latvia_en) - [Family member in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-lithuania_en) - [Family member in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-luxembourg_en) - [Family member in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-malta_en) - [Family member in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-poland_en) - [Family member in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-portugal_en) - [Family member in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-sweden_en) - [Family member in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-romania_en) - [Family member in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-netherlands_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-belgium_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-austria_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-croatia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-cyprus_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-czechia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-denmark_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-estonia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-finland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-germany_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-france_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-greece_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-hungary_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-ireland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-italy_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-latvia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-lithuania_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-malta_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-poland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-portugal_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-romania_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-netherlands_en) - [International service provider in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-belgium_en) - [International service provider in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-bulgaria_en) - [International service provider in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-croatia_en) - [International service provider in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-cyprus_en) - [International service provider in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-czechia_en) - [International service provider in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-denmark_en) - [International service provider in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-estonia_en) - [International service provider in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-finland_en) - [International service provider in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-france_en) - [International service provider in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-germany_en) - [International service provider in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-greece_en) - [International service provider in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-hungary_en) - [International service provider in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-ireland_en) - [International service provider in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-italy_en) - [International service provider in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-latvia_en) - [International service provider in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-lithuania_en) - [International service provider in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-luxembourg_en) - [International service provider in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-malta_en) - [International service provider in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-poland_en) - [International service provider in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-portugal_en) - [International service provider in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-romania_en) - [International service provider in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-netherlands_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-belgium_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-austria_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-bulgaria_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-croatia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-cyprus_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-czechia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-denmark_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-estonia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-finland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-france_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-germany_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-greece_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-hungary_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-ireland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-italy_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-latvia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-lithuania_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-luxembourg_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-malta_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-poland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-portugal_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-romania_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-netherlands_en) - [Researcher in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-belgium_en) - [Researcher in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-austria_en) - [Researcher in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-bulgaria_en) - [Researcher in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-croatia_en) - [Researcher in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-cyprus_en) - [Researcher in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-czechia_en) - [Researcher in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-denmark_en) - [Researcher in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-estonia_en) - [Researcher in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-finland_en) - [Researcher in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-france_en) - [Researcher in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-germany_en) - [Researcher in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-hungary_en) - [Researcher in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-ireland_en) - [Researcher in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-italy_en) - [Researcher in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-latvia_en) - [Researcher in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-lithuania_en) - [Researcher in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-luxembourg_en) - [Researcher in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-malta_en) - [Researcher in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-poland_en) - [Researcher in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-portugal_en) - [Researcher in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-romania_en) - [Researcher in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-netherlands_en) - [Seasonal worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-belgium_en) - [Seasonal worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-austria_en) - [Seasonal worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Seasonal worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-croatia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-cyprus_en) - [Seasonal worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-czechia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-denmark_en) - [Seasonal worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-estonia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-finland_en) - [Seasonal worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-france_en) - [Seasonal worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-germany_en) - [Seasonal worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-greece_en) - [Seasonal worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-hungary_en) - [Seasonal worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-ireland_en) - [Seasonal worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-italy_en) - [Seasonal worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-latvia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-lithuania_en) - [Seasonal worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Seasonal worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-malta_en) - [Seasonal worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-poland_en) - [Seasonal worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-portugal_en) - [Seasonal worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-romania_en) - [Seasonal worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-netherlands_en) - [Self-employed worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-estonia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-finland_en) - [Self-employed worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-france_en) - [Self-employed worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-germany_en) - [Self-employed worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-greece_en) - [Self-employed worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-hungary_en) - [Self-employed worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-ireland_en) - [Self-employed worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-italy_en) - [Self-employed worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-latvia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-lithuania_en) - [Self-employed worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Self-employed worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-malta_en) - [Self-employed worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-poland_en) - [Self-employed worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-portugal_en) - [Self-employed worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-romania_en) - [Self-employed worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-netherlands_en) - [Self-employed worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-belgium_en) - [Self-employed worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-austria_en) - [Self-employed worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Self-employed worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-croatia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-cyprus_en) - [Self-employed worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-czechia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-denmark_en) - [Student in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-belgium_en) - [Student in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-austria_en) - [Student in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-bulgaria_en) - [Student in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-croatia_en) - [Student in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-cyprus_en) - [Student in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-czechia_en) - [Student in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-denmark_en) - [Student in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-estonia_en) - [Student in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-finland_en) - [Student in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-france_en) - [Student in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-germany_en) - [Researcher in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-greece_en) - [Student in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-greece_en) - [Student in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-hungary_en) - [Student in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-ireland_en) - [Student in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-italy_en) - [Student in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-latvia_en) - [Student in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-lithuania_en) - [Student in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-luxembourg_en) - [Student in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-malta_en) - [Student in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-poland_en) - [Student in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-portugal_en) - [Student in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-romania_en) - [Student in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-netherlands_en) - [Trainee in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-belgium_en) - [Trainee in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-austria_en) - [Trainee in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-bulgaria_en) - [Trainee in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-croatia_en) - [Trainee in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-cyprus_en) - [Trainee in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-czechia_en) - [Trainee in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-denmark_en) - [Trainee in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-estonia_en) - [Trainee in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-finland_en) - [Trainee in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-france_en) - [Trainee in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-germany_en) - [Trainee in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-greece_en) - [Trainee in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-hungary_en) - [Trainee in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-ireland_en) - [Trainee in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-italy_en) - [Trainee in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-latvia_en) - [Trainee in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-lithuania_en) - [Trainee in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-luxembourg_en) - [Trainee in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-malta_en) - [Trainee in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-poland_en) - [Trainee in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-portugal_en) - [Trainee in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-romania_en) - [Trainee in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-netherlands_en) - [Volunteer in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-belgium_en) - [Volunteer in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-austria_en) - [Volunteer in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-bulgaria_en) - [Volunteer in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-croatia_en) - [Volunteer in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-cyprus_en) - [Volunteer in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-czechia_en) - [Volunteer in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-denmark_en) - [Volunteer in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-estonia_en) - [Volunteer in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-finland_en) - [Volunteer in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-france_en) - [Volunteer in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-germany_en) - [Volunteer in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-greece_en) - [Volunteer in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-hungary_en) - [Volunteer in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-ireland_en) - [Volunteer in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-italy_en) - [Volunteer in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-latvia_en) - [Volunteer in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-lithuania_en) - [Volunteer in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-luxembourg_en) - [Volunteer in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-malta_en) - [Volunteer in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-poland_en) - [Volunteer in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-portugal_en) - [Volunteer in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-romania_en) - [Volunteer in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-netherlands_en) - [Who does what?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/who-does-what_en) - [What category do I fit into?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/what-category-do-i-fit_en) - [Already in the EU?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/already-eu_en) - [What should I avoid?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/what-should-i-avoid_en) - [EU Blue Card](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/eu-blue-card_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal_en) - Irregular migration and return - [An effective, firm and fair EU return and readmission policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/effective-firm-and-fair-eu-return-and-readmission-policy_en) - [International Conference on a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en) - [Migrant smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/migrant-smuggling_en) - [The EU Return Coordinator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/eu-return-coordinator_en) - [2025 International Conference of the Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/2025-international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return_en) - Legal migration and resettlement - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-forum-emf_en) - [Legal migration fitness check](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/legal-migration-fitness-check_en) - [Long-term residents](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/long-term-residents_en) - [Resettlement and humanitarian admission](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/resettlement-and-humanitarian-admission_en) - [Study and research](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/study-and-research_en) - [Family reunification with non-EU nationals](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/family-reunification-non-eu-nationals_en) - [Talent Partnerships](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/talent-partnerships_en) - [Work](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/work_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement_en) - Migrant integration - [Migrant integration hub](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/migrant-integration-hub_en) - [EU integration policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/eu-integration-policy_en) - [EU long-term residence](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/eu-long-term-residence_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration_en) - Migration management - [Migration Management in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-italy_en) - [Migration Management in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-spain_en) - [Migration management in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-cyprus_en) - [Migration management: Welcoming displaced people from Ukraine](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en) - [Relocation: EU solidarity in practice](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/relocation-eu-solidarity-practice_en) - [Search and rescue](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/search-and-rescue_en) - [Task Force Migration Management](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/task-force-migration-management_en) - [Migration management in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-greece_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management_en) - Pact on Migration and Asylum - [First Annual Migration Management Cycle](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/first-annual-migration-management-cycle_en) - [Legislative files in a nutshell](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/legislative-files-nutshell_en) - [Implementing the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/implementing-pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [Questions and answers on the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/questions-and-answers-pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [Statistics on migration to Europe](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/statistics-migration-europe_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum_en) - Schengen Schengen Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million EU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. - Border crossing - [Short-stay calculator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing/short-stay-calculator_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing_en) - [Eurosur](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/eurosur_en) - [Effective management of external borders](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/effective-management-external-borders_en) - [Interoperability](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/interoperability_en) - Schengen Information System - [Access rights and data protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/access-rights-and-data-protection_en) - [Alerts and data in SIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/alerts-and-data-sis_en) - [Questions and answers](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/questions-and-answers_en) - [SIRENE cooperation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/sirene-cooperation_en) - [Success stories](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/success-stories_en) - [What is SIS and how does it work?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/what-sis-and-how-does-it-work_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system_en) - Schengen area - [History of Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/history-schengen_en) - [Schengen Governance](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/schengen-governance_en) - [Temporary Reintroduction of Border Control](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/temporary-reintroduction-border-control_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area_en) - Smart Borders - [European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders/european-travel-information-authorisation-system_en) - [Entry/Exit System (EES)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders/entry-exit-system_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders_en) - [Travel and residence documents](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/travel-and-residence-documents_en) - Visa Information System (VIS) - [Key documents and legislation on VIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-information-system/key-documents-and-legislation-vis_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-information-system_en) - Visa policy - [Applying for a Schengen visa](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en) - [Legal documents related to Schengen visas](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/legal-documents-related-schengen-visas_en) - [Short-stay visas issued by Schengen countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/short-stay-visas-issued-schengen-countries_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen_en) - Internal security Internal security The European Commission plays a key role in shaping and implementing the EU’s internal security policies, ensuring that security is integrated into EU legislation and policies. - Counter-terrorism and radicalisation - [Fight against the financing of terrorism](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/fight-against-financing-terrorism_en) - [Prevention of radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/prevention-radicalisation_en) - [Protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/protection_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation_en) - Cybercrime - [E-evidence](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime/e-evidence_en) - [International cooperation against cybercrime](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime/international-cooperation-against-cybercrime_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime_en) - Innovation and security research - [Security Research Event](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/innovation-and-security-research/security-research-event_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/innovation-and-security-research_en) - Law enforcement cooperation - [EMPACT fighting crime together](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/empact-fighting-crime-together_en) - [Cooperation with Europol](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/cooperation-europol_en) - [Cooperation with CEPOL](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/cooperation-cepol_en) - [Information exchange](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/information-exchange_en) - [Operational law enforcement cooperation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/operational-law-enforcement-cooperation_en) - [Supporting action: funding, research and innovation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/supporting-action-funding-research-and-innovation_en) - [Travel Information](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/travel-information_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation_en) - Lawful access to data - [Data retention](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/data-retention_en) - [Encryption](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/encryption_en) - [Projects for digital investigations](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/projects-digital-investigations_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data_en) - Organised crime - [Confiscation and asset recovery](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/confiscation-and-asset-recovery_en) - [Crime prevention](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/crime-prevention_en) - [Drugs policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/drugs-policy_en) - [Financial investigations](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/financial-investigations_en) - [Money laundering](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/money-laundering_en) - [Together Against Trafficking in Human Beings](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/together-against-trafficking-human-beings_en) - [Trafficking in cultural goods](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/trafficking-cultural-goods_en) - [Trafficking in firearms](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/trafficking-firearms_en) - [Counterfeiting](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/counterfeiting_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime_en) - Protecting children from sexual abuse - [Funding to support the fight against child sexual abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/funding-support-fight-against-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [Cooperation against child sexual abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/cooperation-against-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [EU versus Child Sexual Abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/eu-versus-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [Legal framework to protect children](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/legal-framework-protect-children_en) - [What is the EU doing to protect children from sexual abuse?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/what-eu-doing-protect-children-sexual-abuse_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security_en) - [Agencies](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/agencies_en) - Networks Networks The DG for Migration and Home Affairs organises and supports networks where members exchange views and information on policies, such as: child sexual abuse, radicalisation, drugs, protection of critical infrastructure and migration. - CERIS - Community for European Research and Innovation for Security - [About CERIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/about-ceris_en) - [CERIS in pictures](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-pictures_en) - [CERIS events](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-events_en) - [CERIS news](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-news_en) - [EU security market study](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/eu-security-market-study_en) - [Subscribe](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/subscribe_en) - [Thematic areas](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/thematic-areas_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security_en) - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-forum-emf_en) - EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation - [Calls for Applications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/calls-applications_en) - [Knowledge Transfer](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/knowledge-transfer_en) - [Inspiring Practices Repository](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/inspiring-practices-repository_en) - [Prev. Inspiring Practices Repository](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/prev-inspiring-practices-repository_en) - [Thematic Panels](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/thematic-panels_en) - [Welcome Package](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/welcome-package_en) - [Expert Database](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/expert-database_en) - [Media](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/media_en) - [PCVE & Strategic Communications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/pcve-strategic-communications_en) - [The Root Causes of Violent Extremism - The Basics](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/root-causes-violent-extremism-basics_en) - [Strategic Orientations on a coordinated EU approach to prevention of radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/strategic-orientations-coordinated-eu-approach-prevention-radicalisation_en) - [A Way Out From Violent Extremism](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/way-out-violent-extremism_en) - [Establishing Common Standards ‒ Gender-specific approaches in practical P/CVE](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/establishing-common-standards-gender-specific-approaches-practical-pcve_en) - [EU Security Union Strategy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/eu-security-union-strategy_en) - [About the EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/about-eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en) - [Spotlight on Gender](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/spotlight-gender_en) - [Guide for Teachers and Schools](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/guide-teachers-and-schools_en) - [News](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/news_en) - [Calendar](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/calendar_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en) - RAN Policy Support - [EC Research e-Library on Radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ran-policy-support/ec-research-e-library-radicalisation_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ran-policy-support_en) - European Migration Network (EMN) - [About the EMN](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/about-emn_en) - [EMN Asylum and Migration Glossary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary_en) - [EMN Events](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-events_en) - [EMN Member and Observer Countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-member-and-observer-countries_en) - [EMN partners](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-partners_en) - [EMN publications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-publications_en) - [EMNews](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emnews_en) - [Expert groups](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/expert-groups_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn_en) - [European Union Internet Forum](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-union-internet-forum_en) - [Labour Migration Platform](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/labour-migration-platform_en) - [Law Enforcement Networks Working Group (LENWG)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/law-enforcement-networks-working-group-lenwg_en) - [Network for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/network-prevention-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [High-Level Group (HLG) on access to data for effective law enforcement](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/high-level-group-hlg-access-data-effective-law-enforcement_en) - [Civil Society Forum on Drugs (CSF)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/civil-society-forum-drugs-csf_en) - RAN Practitioners (archived) - [About RAN](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/about-ran_en) - [Civil Society Empowerment Programme (CSEP)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/civil-society-empowerment-programme_en) - [Collection of inspiring practices](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/collection-inspiring-practices_en) - [Conferences and Webinars](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/conferences-and-webinars_en) - [Publications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-publications_en) - [RAN Media](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-media_en) - [RAN News](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-news_en) - [RAN Participants](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-participants_en) - [RAN Practitioners pages](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-practitioners-pages_en) - [RAN Publications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-publications_en) - [RAN YOUNG PLATFORM](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-young-platform_en) - [RAN in the Western Balkans](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/ran-western-balkans_en) - [Topics and Working Groups](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran/topics-and-working-groups_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/radicalisation-awareness-network-ran_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks_en) - Funding Funding Learn about EU funds supporting projects on migration and home affairs: Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF), Internal Security Fund (ISF) and Horizon Europe funding for security research. - Asylum, migration and integration funds - [Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (2021-2027)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2021-2027_en) - [Asylum, Migration and Integration fund (2014-2020)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2014-2020_en) - [European Migration Network (EMN)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/european-migration-network-emn_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds_en) - Borders and visa funds - [Integrated Border Management Fund – Border Management and Visa Instrument (2021-27)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/borders-and-visa-funds/integrated-border-management-fund-border-management-and-visa-instrument-2021-27_en) - [Internal Security Fund - Borders and visa (2014-2020)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/borders-and-visa-funds/internal-security-fund-borders-and-visa-2014-2020_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/borders-and-visa-funds_en) - Internal security funds - [Internal Security Fund (2021-2027)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/internal-security-funds/internal-security-fund-2021-2027_en) - [Internal Security Fund - Police (2014-2020)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/internal-security-funds/internal-security-fund-police-2014-2020_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/internal-security-funds_en) - [EU Civil security research funds](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/eu-civil-security-research-funds_en) - [EU Projects in Action](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/eu-projects-action_en) - [Funding contacts](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-contacts_en) - [Funding communication material](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-communication-material_en) - [Ongoing calls](https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/home) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding_en) - What's new What's new All the latest news, events, publications and more from DG Migration & Home affairs. - [News](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/news_en) - Communication campaigns - [Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/communication-campaigns/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en) - [End human trafficking. Break the invisible chain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/communication-campaigns/end-human-trafficking-break-invisible-chain_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/communication-campaigns_en) - [Newsletter](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/newsletter_en) - [Events](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/events_en) - [Public consultations](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/public-consultations_en) - [Publications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/publications_en) - Evaluations and impact assessments - [Mid-term evaluation of the Europe for Citizens programme 2014-2020](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/evaluations-and-impact-assessments/mid-term-evaluation-europe-citizens-programme-2014-2020_en) - [Ex-post evaluation of the programme "Prevention of and fight against Crime" (ISEC) 2007-2013](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/evaluations-and-impact-assessments/ex-post-evaluation-programme-prevention-and-fight-against-crime-isec-2007-2013_en) - [Ex-post evaluation of the four instruments under the General Programme “Solidarity and Management of Migration Flows” (SOLID)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/evaluations-and-impact-assessments/ex-post-evaluation-four-instruments-under-general-programme-solidarity-and-management-migration_en) - [Ex-post evaluation of the 'Prevention, Preparedness and Consequence Management of Terrorism and other Security related risks Programme' ('CIPS') (2007-2013)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/evaluations-and-impact-assessments/ex-post-evaluation-prevention-preparedness-and-consequence-management-terrorism-and-other-security_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/evaluations-and-impact-assessments_en) - [EU law monitoring](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/eu-law-monitoring_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new_en) - Who we are Who we are About DG Migration & Home affairs - [About us](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/who-we-are/about-us_en) - [Job opportunities](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/who-we-are/job-opportunities_en) - [Contact us](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/who-we-are/contact-us_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/who-we-are_en) ![](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/page_header_background/public/2024-02/border-banner.jpg.webp?itok=wDfQ8_I2) 1. [HOME](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/index_en) 2. [Policies](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies_en) 3. Schengen # Schengen - 18 February 2025 Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 millionEU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders. Schengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection. Therefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe. [Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/communication-campaigns/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en) ![Schengen Area](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2025-04/Schengen%20Area.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=JCKTEbou) [Schengen area](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area_en) The Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely. ![Schengen governance](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2025-06/Schengen-governance.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=nxv_NZuL) [Schengen Governance](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/schengen-governance_en) Schengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system. ![Common European Asylum System](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6310-%202%20%C2%A9%20ConvertKit%20Unsplash.jpg?itok=ZmH904yG) [Visa policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy_en) The EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement. ![Border crossing](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6309-2.jpg?itok=_CtrSKvO) [Border crossing](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing_en) EU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas. ![An example of innovative SMEs in the management of biometric data at Lisbon Airport..](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/avportal/P-025190/00-08.jpg?itok=d-izCJGT) [Smart Borders](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders_en) Every year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows. ![Schengen Information System](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6309-5.jpg?itok=guK7FPFn) [Schengen Information System (SIS)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system_en) The Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU. [Visa Information System (VIS)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-information-system_en) The Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries. [Effective management of external borders](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/effective-management-external-borders_en) Effective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks. [Travel and residence documents](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/travel-and-residence-documents_en) Passports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting. [Interoperability](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/interoperability_en) The EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration. 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Readable Markdown

Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 millionEU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. The Schengen rules abolish checks at the internal borders, while, among others, providing a single set of rules for entry conditions and for reinforced controls at the external borders. Schengen promotes shared responsibility and stronger collective security. Schengen countries work closely with each other on security and migration through a common visa policy, joint police operations, and real-time information exchanges between law enforcement agencies as well as procedures to return those with no legal right to stay. Cutting-edge IT systems, like the Schengen Information System (SIS), help identify threats and manage borders while safeguarding fundamental rights, including data protection. Therefore, Schengen remains a cornerstone of European integration, as it facilitates smoother travel and trade while also promoting economic growth, cultural exchange, and enhanced security cooperation across Europe. [Celebrate 40 years of Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/whats-new/communication-campaigns/celebrate-40-years-schengen_en) ![Schengen Area](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2025-04/Schengen%20Area.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=JCKTEbou) The Schengen area is an area without internal borders, where EU citizens, non-EU residents and visitors can travel safely and freely. ![Schengen governance](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2025-06/Schengen-governance.jpg?h=b69e0e0e&itok=nxv_NZuL) Schengen is more than an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers. Ensuring its proper functioning requires a robust governance system. ![Common European Asylum System](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6310-%202%20%C2%A9%20ConvertKit%20Unsplash.jpg?itok=ZmH904yG) The EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a Schengen visa for entering the EU, and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement. ![Border crossing](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6309-2.jpg?itok=_CtrSKvO) EU countries work together to secure EU’s external borders. Common rules apply for border checks and EU short-stay visas. ![An example of innovative SMEs in the management of biometric data at Lisbon Airport..](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/avportal/P-025190/00-08.jpg?itok=d-izCJGT) Every year millions of travellers from third countries cross the external borders of the Schengen States and estimations point to ever-increasing traveller flows. ![Schengen Information System](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2021-09/6309-5.jpg?itok=guK7FPFn) The Schengen Information System (SIS) is an information sharing system for security and border management in the EU. The Visa Information System (VIS) collects, processes and shares information relevant to external border management among EU countries. Effective management of EU external borders is a key element for a Schengen area without internal border checks. Passports, residence permits and visas are used for travel purposes, to prove identity or to show a person’s right to stay in a country. Advanced security features and biometrics (facial image and fingerprints) help fight against the counterfeiting. The EU uses large-scale IT systems at its external borders. Interoperability aims to allow good data management between the Union’s IT systems in the field of borders, visa, police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration.

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