🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 71 (from laksa036)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa071.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en","crawl_time":1775063995,"first_indexed_time":1740238628,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"eu,europa!ec,home-affairs,\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en s443","src_root_hash":"8384339340669129071","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Applying for a Schengen visa - Migration and Home Affairs","meta_descriptions":["A Schengen visa is an entry permit for a short, temporary visit of up to 90 days in any 180-day period. A Schengen visa can be obtained in the form of a single-entry visa, which allows the holder to enter the Schengen area once, or a multiple-entry visa."],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Page contents\nThis is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country.\nWhat is a Schengen visa?\nA\nSchengen visa\nis an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to\n90 days in any 180-day period\nto a country in the Schengen area. \nSchengen visas come in 3 forms: \nsingle-entry visa\n- allowing you to enter the Schengen area once;\nmultiple-entry visa -\nallowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid;\nairport transit visa\n- allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area.\nHow long can you stay?\nThe\nshort-stay calculator\ncan help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country.\nWho needs to apply for a Schengen visa?\nCitizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a\nshort-stay visa\nwhen travelling to the Schengen area. \nConsult the\nEU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa\nwhen crossing its external borders. There are\nexceptions to the visa requirements\nfor certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions).\nAirport transit visas\nSome non-EU nationals\nmust also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in\nany of the Schengen States\n. \nFor citizens of certain\nadditional countries\n, an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in\nsome of the Schengen countries\n. \nThere are some\ncategories of people\nwho are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the\nVisa Code\n).\nWhere to apply\nYou must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at\nthe consulate of the country you intend to visit\n. \nVisiting\nmore than 1 Schengen countries\n: apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time.\nVisiting\nseveral Schengen countries\n(for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit.\nAs a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident.\nWhen to apply\nYou must submit your application to the consulate \nat least 15 days before your intended journey\nand no earlier than\n6 months beforehand\n. \nYou may have to book an appointment before lodging the application.\nWhat documents are needed to apply?\nA valid\npassport\n. The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited.\nA\nvisa application form.\nA\nphoto\nin compliance with\nICAO standards\n.\nMedical insurance\ncovering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death).\nSupporting documents\nrelating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay.\nYour\nfingerprints\nwill be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants).\nAdditional documents may also be requested by the consulates.\nHow much does a visa cost?\n€90 for adults\n€45 for children aged 6-12\n€35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus\n€67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde.\nAn additional fee may apply if you go through\nvisa service centres\n, which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases.\nThe visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants.\nHow long does the application take to process?\nThe normal processing time for a visa application is\n15 days\n. \nThis period may be extended to up to\n45 days\nif a more detailed examination of the application and\/or additional documents are required.\nUnder certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the\nFree Movement Directive\nare eligible for a\nfree and accelerated\nvisa procedure.\nRefusal of a visa application\nIf your application is rejected, you will be told:\nwhy it was rejected\nhow to submit an appeal.\nFrequently Asked Questions","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en#main-content)\n\n[![European Commission logo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/themes\/contrib\/oe_theme\/dist\/ec\/images\/logo\/logo-ec--mute.svg)](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\n[en](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en)\n\nSelect your language\n\nClose\n\nEU official languages\n\n- [bgбългарски](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_bg)\n- [esespañol](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_es)\n- [csčeština](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_cs)\n- [dadansk](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_da)\n- [deDeutsch](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_de)\n- [eteesti](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_et)\n- 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[fisuomi](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_fi)\n- [svsvenska](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_sv)\n\nOther languages\n\n- [arالعربية](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_ar)\n- [ruрусский](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_ru)\n- [ukyкраїнська](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_uk)\n\n[Live, work, travel in the EU](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/live-work-travel-eu_en)\n\nMigration and Home Affairs\n\nMenu\n\nBack\n\n- [Home](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n- Migration\n  Migration and asylum\n  \n  DG HOME aims to develop a common EU policy in the area of migration and asylum. These include: the Pact on Migration and Asylum, the Common European Asylum System, legal migration, integration, irregular migration and return.\n  \n  - Asylum in the EU\n    - [Determining the Member State responsible for an asylum application](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/determining-member-state-responsible-asylum-application_en)\n    - [Reception conditions](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/reception-conditions_en)\n    - [Temporary protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/temporary-protection_en)\n    - [Statistics](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/statistics_en)\n    - [Who qualifies for international protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu\/who-qualifies-international-protection_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/asylum-eu_en)\n  - EU Immigration Portal\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [International service provider in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-austria_en)\n    - [International service provider in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-slovakia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-slovenia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-spain_en)\n    - [International service provider in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-sweden_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovakia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-slovenia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-spain_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-sweden_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Student in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-slovakia_en)\n    - [Student in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-slovenia_en)\n    - [Student in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-spain_en)\n    - [Trainee in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-slovakia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-slovenia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-spain_en)\n    - [Trainee in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-sweden_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-slovakia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-slovenia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-spain_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-slovakia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-slovenia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-spain_en)\n    - [Family member in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-slovakia_en)\n    - [Family member in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-slovenia_en)\n    - [Student in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-sweden_en)\n    - [Family member in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-spain_en)\n    - [Researcher in Slovakia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-slovakia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Slovenia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-slovenia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-spain_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Employed worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-france_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-sweden_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Employed worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Employed worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/employed-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Family member in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-belgium_en)\n    - [Family member in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-austria_en)\n    - [Family member in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Family member in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-croatia_en)\n    - [Family member in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-cyprus_en)\n    - [Family member in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-czechia_en)\n    - [Family member in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-denmark_en)\n    - [Family member in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-estonia_en)\n    - [Family member in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-finland_en)\n    - [Family member in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-france_en)\n    - [Family member in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-germany_en)\n    - [Family member in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-greece_en)\n    - [Family member in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-hungary_en)\n    - [Family member in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-ireland_en)\n    - [Family member in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-italy_en)\n    - [Family member in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-latvia_en)\n    - [Family member in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-lithuania_en)\n    - [Family member in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Family member in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-malta_en)\n    - [Family member in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-poland_en)\n    - [Family member in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-portugal_en)\n    - [Family member in Sweden](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-sweden_en)\n    - [Family member in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-romania_en)\n    - [Family member in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/family-member-netherlands_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-france_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Highly-qualified worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/highly-qualified-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [International service provider in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-belgium_en)\n    - [International service provider in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-bulgaria_en)\n    - [International service provider in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-croatia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-cyprus_en)\n    - [International service provider in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-czechia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-denmark_en)\n    - [International service provider in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-estonia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-finland_en)\n    - [International service provider in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-france_en)\n    - [International service provider in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-germany_en)\n    - [International service provider in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-greece_en)\n    - [International service provider in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-hungary_en)\n    - [International service provider in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-ireland_en)\n    - [International service provider in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-italy_en)\n    - [International service provider in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-latvia_en)\n    - [International service provider in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-lithuania_en)\n    - [International service provider in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-luxembourg_en)\n    - [International service provider in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-malta_en)\n    - [International service provider in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-poland_en)\n    - [International service provider in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-portugal_en)\n    - [International service provider in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-romania_en)\n    - [International service provider in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/international-service-provider-netherlands_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-belgium_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-austria_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-croatia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-cyprus_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-czechia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-denmark_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-estonia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-finland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-france_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-germany_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-greece_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-hungary_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-ireland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-italy_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-latvia_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-lithuania_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-malta_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-poland_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-portugal_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-romania_en)\n    - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-netherlands_en)\n    - [Researcher in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-belgium_en)\n    - [Researcher in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-austria_en)\n    - [Researcher in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Researcher in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-croatia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-cyprus_en)\n    - [Researcher in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-czechia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-denmark_en)\n    - [Researcher in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-estonia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-finland_en)\n    - [Researcher in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-france_en)\n    - [Researcher in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-germany_en)\n    - [Researcher in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-hungary_en)\n    - [Researcher in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-ireland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-italy_en)\n    - [Researcher in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-latvia_en)\n    - [Researcher in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-lithuania_en)\n    - [Researcher in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Researcher in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-malta_en)\n    - [Researcher in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-poland_en)\n    - [Researcher in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-portugal_en)\n    - [Researcher in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-romania_en)\n    - [Researcher in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-netherlands_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-france_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Seasonal worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/seasonal-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-estonia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-finland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-france_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-germany_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-greece_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-hungary_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-ireland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-italy_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-latvia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-lithuania_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-malta_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-poland_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-portugal_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-romania_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-netherlands_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-belgium_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-austria_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-croatia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-cyprus_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-czechia_en)\n    - [Self-employed worker in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/self-employed-worker-denmark_en)\n    - [Student in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-belgium_en)\n    - [Student in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-austria_en)\n    - [Student in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Student in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-croatia_en)\n    - [Student in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-cyprus_en)\n    - [Student in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-czechia_en)\n    - [Student in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-denmark_en)\n    - [Student in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-estonia_en)\n    - [Student in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-finland_en)\n    - [Student in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-france_en)\n    - [Student in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-germany_en)\n    - [Researcher in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/researcher-greece_en)\n    - [Student in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-greece_en)\n    - [Student in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-hungary_en)\n    - [Student in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-ireland_en)\n    - [Student in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-italy_en)\n    - [Student in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-latvia_en)\n    - [Student in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-lithuania_en)\n    - [Student in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Student in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-malta_en)\n    - [Student in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-poland_en)\n    - [Student in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-portugal_en)\n    - [Student in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-romania_en)\n    - [Student in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/student-netherlands_en)\n    - [Trainee in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-belgium_en)\n    - [Trainee in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-austria_en)\n    - [Trainee in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Trainee in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-croatia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-cyprus_en)\n    - [Trainee in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-czechia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-denmark_en)\n    - [Trainee in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-estonia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-finland_en)\n    - [Trainee in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-france_en)\n    - [Trainee in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-germany_en)\n    - [Trainee in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-greece_en)\n    - [Trainee in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-hungary_en)\n    - [Trainee in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-ireland_en)\n    - [Trainee in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-italy_en)\n    - [Trainee in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-latvia_en)\n    - [Trainee in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-lithuania_en)\n    - [Trainee in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Trainee in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-malta_en)\n    - [Trainee in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-poland_en)\n    - [Trainee in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-portugal_en)\n    - [Trainee in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-romania_en)\n    - [Trainee in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/trainee-netherlands_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Belgium](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-belgium_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Austria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-austria_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Bulgaria](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-bulgaria_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Croatia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-croatia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-cyprus_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Czechia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-czechia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Denmark](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-denmark_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Estonia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-estonia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Finland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-finland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in France](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-france_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Germany](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-germany_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-greece_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Hungary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-hungary_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Ireland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-ireland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-italy_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Latvia](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-latvia_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Lithuania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-lithuania_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Luxembourg](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-luxembourg_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Malta](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-malta_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Poland](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-poland_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Portugal](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-portugal_en)\n    - [Volunteer in Romania](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-romania_en)\n    - [Volunteer in the Netherlands](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/volunteer-netherlands_en)\n    - [Who does what?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/who-does-what_en)\n    - [What category do I fit into?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/what-category-do-i-fit_en)\n    - [Already in the EU?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/already-eu_en)\n    - [What should I avoid?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/what-should-i-avoid_en)\n    - [EU Blue Card](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal\/eu-blue-card_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/eu-immigration-portal_en)\n  - Irregular migration and return\n    - [An effective, firm and fair EU return and readmission policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/effective-firm-and-fair-eu-return-and-readmission-policy_en)\n    - [International Conference on a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [Migrant smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [The EU Return Coordinator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/eu-return-coordinator_en)\n    - [2025 International Conference of the Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return\/2025-international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/irregular-migration-and-return_en)\n  - Legal migration and resettlement\n    - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-forum-emf_en)\n    - [Legal migration fitness check](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/legal-migration-fitness-check_en)\n    - [Long-term residents](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/long-term-residents_en)\n    - [Resettlement and humanitarian admission](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/resettlement-and-humanitarian-admission_en)\n    - [Study and research](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/study-and-research_en)\n    - [Family reunification with non-EU nationals](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/family-reunification-non-eu-nationals_en)\n    - [Talent Partnerships](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/talent-partnerships_en)\n    - [Work](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement\/work_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/legal-migration-and-resettlement_en)\n  - Migrant integration\n    - [Migrant integration hub](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/migrant-integration-hub_en)\n    - [EU integration policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/eu-integration-policy_en)\n    - [EU long-term residence](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration\/eu-long-term-residence_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migrant-integration_en)\n  - Migration management\n    - [Migration Management in Italy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-italy_en)\n    - [Migration Management in Spain](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-spain_en)\n    - [Migration management in Cyprus](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-cyprus_en)\n    - [Migration management: Welcoming displaced people from Ukraine](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en)\n    - [Relocation: EU solidarity in practice](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/relocation-eu-solidarity-practice_en)\n    - [Search and rescue](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/search-and-rescue_en)\n    - [Task Force Migration Management](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/task-force-migration-management_en)\n    - [Migration management in Greece](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management\/migration-management-greece_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/migration-management_en)\n  - Pact on Migration and Asylum\n    - [First Annual Migration Management Cycle](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/first-annual-migration-management-cycle_en)\n    - [Legislative files in a nutshell](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/legislative-files-nutshell_en)\n    - [Implementing the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/implementing-pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n    - [Questions and answers on the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum\/questions-and-answers-pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/pact-migration-and-asylum_en)\n  - [Statistics on migration to Europe](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum\/statistics-migration-europe_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/migration-and-asylum_en)\n- Schengen\n  Schengen\n  \n  Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million EU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU.\n  \n  - Border crossing\n    - [Short-stay calculator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing\/short-stay-calculator_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing_en)\n  - [Eurosur](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/eurosur_en)\n  - [Effective management of external borders](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/effective-management-external-borders_en)\n  - [Interoperability](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/interoperability_en)\n  - Schengen Information System\n    - [Access rights and data protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/access-rights-and-data-protection_en)\n    - [Alerts and data in SIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/alerts-and-data-sis_en)\n    - [Questions and answers](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/questions-and-answers_en)\n    - [SIRENE cooperation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/sirene-cooperation_en)\n    - [Success stories](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/success-stories_en)\n    - [What is SIS and how does it work?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system\/what-sis-and-how-does-it-work_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-information-system_en)\n  - Schengen area\n    - [History of Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/history-schengen_en)\n    - [Schengen Governance](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/schengen-governance_en)\n    - [Temporary Reintroduction of Border Control](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area\/temporary-reintroduction-border-control_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/schengen-area_en)\n  - Smart Borders\n    - [European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders\/european-travel-information-authorisation-system_en)\n    - [Entry\/Exit System (EES)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders\/entry-exit-system_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/smart-borders_en)\n  - [Travel and residence documents](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/travel-and-residence-documents_en)\n  - Visa Information System (VIS)\n    - [Key documents and legislation on VIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-information-system\/key-documents-and-legislation-vis_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-information-system_en)\n  - Visa policy\n    - [Applying for a Schengen visa](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/applying-schengen-visa_en)\n    - [Legal documents related to Schengen visas](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/legal-documents-related-schengen-visas_en)\n    - [Short-stay visas issued by Schengen countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy\/short-stay-visas-issued-schengen-countries_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en)\n- Internal security\n  Internal security\n  \n  The European Commission plays a key role in shaping and implementing the EU’s internal security policies, ensuring that security is integrated into EU legislation and policies.\n  \n  - Counter-terrorism and radicalisation\n    - [Fight against the financing of terrorism](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/fight-against-financing-terrorism_en)\n    - [Prevention of radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [Protection](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation\/protection_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation_en)\n  - Cybercrime\n    - [E-evidence](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime\/e-evidence_en)\n    - [International cooperation against cybercrime](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime\/international-cooperation-against-cybercrime_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/cybercrime_en)\n  - Innovation and security research\n    - [Security Research Event](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/innovation-and-security-research\/security-research-event_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/innovation-and-security-research_en)\n  - Law enforcement cooperation\n    - [EMPACT fighting crime together](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/empact-fighting-crime-together_en)\n    - [Cooperation with Europol](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/cooperation-europol_en)\n    - [Cooperation with CEPOL](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/cooperation-cepol_en)\n    - [Information exchange](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/information-exchange_en)\n    - [Operational law enforcement cooperation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/operational-law-enforcement-cooperation_en)\n    - [Supporting action: funding, research and innovation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/supporting-action-funding-research-and-innovation_en)\n    - [Travel Information](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation\/travel-information_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/law-enforcement-cooperation_en)\n  - Lawful access to data\n    - [Data retention](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/data-retention_en)\n    - [Encryption](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/encryption_en)\n    - [Projects for digital investigations](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data\/projects-digital-investigations_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/lawful-access-data_en)\n  - Organised crime\n    - [Confiscation and asset recovery](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/confiscation-and-asset-recovery_en)\n    - [Crime prevention](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/crime-prevention_en)\n    - [Drugs policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/drugs-policy_en)\n    - [Financial investigations](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/financial-investigations_en)\n    - [Money laundering](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/money-laundering_en)\n    - [Together Against Trafficking in Human Beings](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/together-against-trafficking-human-beings_en)\n    - [Trafficking in cultural goods](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/trafficking-cultural-goods_en)\n    - [Trafficking in firearms](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/trafficking-firearms_en)\n    - [Counterfeiting](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime\/counterfeiting_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/organised-crime_en)\n  - Protecting children from sexual abuse\n    - [Funding to support the fight against child sexual abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/funding-support-fight-against-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [Cooperation against child sexual abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/cooperation-against-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [EU versus Child Sexual Abuse](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/eu-versus-child-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [Legal framework to protect children](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/legal-framework-protect-children_en)\n    - [What is the EU doing to protect children from sexual abuse?](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse\/what-eu-doing-protect-children-sexual-abuse_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security\/protecting-children-sexual-abuse_en)\n  - [Discover more](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/internal-security_en)\n- [Agencies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/agencies_en)\n- Networks\n  Networks\n  \n  The DG for Migration and Home Affairs organises and supports networks where members exchange views and information on policies, such as: child sexual abuse, radicalisation, drugs, protection of critical infrastructure and migration.\n  \n  - CERIS - Community for European Research and Innovation for Security\n    - [About CERIS](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/about-ceris_en)\n    - [CERIS in pictures](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-pictures_en)\n    - [CERIS events](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-events_en)\n    - [CERIS news](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/ceris-news_en)\n    - [EU security market study](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/eu-security-market-study_en)\n    - [Subscribe](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/subscribe_en)\n    - [Thematic areas](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security\/thematic-areas_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security_en)\n  - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-forum-emf_en)\n  - EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation\n    - [Calls for Applications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/calls-applications_en)\n    - [Knowledge Transfer](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/knowledge-transfer_en)\n    - [Inspiring Practices Repository](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/inspiring-practices-repository_en)\n    - [Prev. Inspiring Practices Repository](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/prev-inspiring-practices-repository_en)\n    - [Thematic Panels](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/thematic-panels_en)\n    - [Welcome Package](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/welcome-package_en)\n    - [Expert Database](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/expert-database_en)\n    - [Media](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/media_en)\n    - [PCVE & Strategic Communications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/pcve-strategic-communications_en)\n    - [The Root Causes of Violent Extremism - The Basics](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/root-causes-violent-extremism-basics_en)\n    - [Strategic Orientations on a coordinated EU approach to prevention of radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/strategic-orientations-coordinated-eu-approach-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [A Way Out From Violent Extremism](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/way-out-violent-extremism_en)\n    - [Establishing Common Standards ‒ Gender-specific approaches in practical P\/CVE](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/establishing-common-standards-gender-specific-approaches-practical-pcve_en)\n    - [EU Security Union Strategy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/eu-security-union-strategy_en)\n    - [About the EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/about-eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n    - [Spotlight on Gender](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/spotlight-gender_en)\n    - [Guide for Teachers and Schools](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/guide-teachers-and-schools_en)\n    - [News](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/news_en)\n    - [Calendar](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation\/calendar_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en)\n  - RAN Policy Support\n    - [EC Research e-Library on Radicalisation](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ran-policy-support\/ec-research-e-library-radicalisation_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/ran-policy-support_en)\n  - European Migration Network (EMN)\n    - [About the EMN](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/about-emn_en)\n    - [EMN Asylum and Migration Glossary](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary_en)\n    - [EMN Events](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-events_en)\n    - [EMN Member and Observer Countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-member-and-observer-countries_en)\n    - [EMN partners](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-partners_en)\n    - [EMN publications](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emn-publications_en)\n    - [EMNews](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/emnews_en)\n    - [Expert groups](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn\/expert-groups_en)\n    - [See all](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/networks\/european-migration-network-emn_en)\n  - 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[HOME](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n2. …\n3. [Policies](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies_en)\n4. [Schengen](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen_en)\n5. [Visa policy](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/visa-policy_en)\n6. Applying for a Schengen visa\n# Applying for a Schengen visa\n- 2 December 2025\n\nPage contents\n\nPage contents\n\nThis is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country.\n\n## What is a Schengen visa?\nA **Schengen visa** is an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to **90 days in any 180-day period** to a country in the Schengen area.\n\nSchengen visas come in 3 forms:\n\n- **single-entry visa** - allowing you to enter the Schengen area once;\n- **multiple-entry visa -** allowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid;\n- **airport transit visa** - allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area.\n\n## How long can you stay?\nThe [short-stay calculator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing\/short-stay-calculator_en) can help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country.\n\n## Who needs to apply for a Schengen visa?\nCitizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a **short-stay visa** when travelling to the Schengen area.\n\nConsult the [EU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/ebd6113d-4d14-4ac2-ac9b-47f2e7976515_en?filename=09%2001%202026_Information%201806.xlsx) when crossing its external borders. There are [exceptions to the visa requirements](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/e3561580-9b1d-40cc-ae35-82b31817429b_en?filename=Information-on-national-derogations-from-the-visa-requirement_en.xlsx) for certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions).\n\n*Airport transit visas*\n\n- **Some non-EU nationals** must also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [any of the Schengen States](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/b4c96db2-f9ff-4fba-8106-89a52c9c4121_en?filename=annex_7a_atv_common_list_en.pdf).\n- For citizens of certain **additional countries**, an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [some of the Schengen countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/7337515c-60a1-4510-b639-80de714f543e_en?filename=Annex-7B_en.pdf).\n- There are some **categories of people** who are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the [Visa Code](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/AUTO\/?uri=CELEX%3A02009R0810-20200202)).\n\n## Where to apply\nYou must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at **the consulate of the country you intend to visit**.\n\n- Visiting **more than 1 Schengen countries**: apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time.\n- Visiting **several Schengen countries** (for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit.\n\nAs a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident.\n\nMore information for each Schengen country can be found on these websites\n\n|   |   |   |   |   |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| [Austria](https:\/\/www.bmeia.gv.at\/en\/travel-stay\/entrance-and-residence-in-austria\/visa) | [Belgium](https:\/\/dofi.ibz.be\/fr\/themes\/third-country-nationals\/court-sejour) | [Bulgaria](https:\/\/www.mfa.bg\/en\/services-travel\/consular-services\/travel-bulgaria\/visa-bulgaria) | [Croatia](https:\/\/mvep.gov.hr\/consular-information-107317\/general-visa-information-107319\/107319) | [Czechia](https:\/\/www.mzv.cz\/jnp\/en\/information_for_aliens\/index.html) |\n| [Denmark](https:\/\/nyidanmark.dk\/da\/Du-vil-ans%C3%B8ge\/Kort-ophold-\\(Visum\\)) | [Estonia](https:\/\/vm.ee\/en\/consular-visa-and-travel-information\/visa-information\/application-schengen-visa) | [Finland](https:\/\/um.fi\/visa-to-visit-finland) | [France](https:\/\/www.france-visas.gouv.fr\/) | [Germany](https:\/\/www.auswaertiges-amt.de\/en\/visa-service\/visabestimmungen-node) |\n| [Greece](https:\/\/www.mfa.gr\/en\/visas\/) | [Hungary](https:\/\/konzinfo.mfa.gov.hu\/en) | [Iceland](https:\/\/www.government.is\/topics\/foreign-affairs\/visa-to-iceland\/) | [Italy](http:\/\/vistoperitalia.esteri.it\/) | [Latvia](https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.lv\/en\/consular-information\/obtaining-visas) |\n| [Liechtenstein](https:\/\/www.llv.li\/en\/individuals\/migration-and-integration\/immigration\/visa) | [Lithuania](https:\/\/www.migracija.lt\/en\/stay-less-than-3-months) | [Luxembourg](https:\/\/guichet.public.lu\/en\/citoyens\/immigration.html) | [Malta](https:\/\/identita.gov.mt\/central-visa-unit-sec-page-schengen-visa\/) | [Netherlands](https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/onderwerpen\/immigratie-naar-nederland\/vraag-en-antwoord\/heb-ik-een-visum-nodig-als-ik-naar-nederland-ga) |\n| [Norway](https:\/\/www.udi.no\/) | [Poland](https:\/\/www.msz.gov.pl\/en\/travel%20to%20poland\/entering%20poland\/) | [Portugal](https:\/\/vistos.mne.gov.pt\/) | [Romania](https:\/\/www.mae.ro\/en\/node\/2035) | [Slovakia](https:\/\/www.mzv.sk\/web\/en) |\n| [Slovenia](https:\/\/www.gov.si\/en\/topics\/entry-and-residence\/) | [Spain](https:\/\/www.exteriores.gob.es\/Consulados\/londres\/en\/ServiciosConsulares\/Paginas\/Consular\/Visados-Schengen.aspx) | [Sweden](https:\/\/www.swedenabroad.se\/en\/about-sweden-non-swedish-citizens\/going-to-sweden\/visiting-sweden\/) | [Switzerland](http:\/\/www.swiss-visa.ch\/) |   |\n\n## When to apply\nYou must submit your application to the consulate **at least 15 days before your intended journey** and no earlier than **6 months beforehand**.\n\nYou may have to book an appointment before lodging the application.\n\n## What documents are needed to apply?\n- A valid **passport**. The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited.\n- A [visa application form.](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/5fe79baa-2d46-4b65-84ec-ea2e9b5ab1d6_en?filename=Visa%20Application%20Form.pdf)\n- A **photo** in compliance with [ICAO standards](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/5bb16566-c8c2-4afb-b038-530f488cb72a_en?filename=icao_photograph_guidelines_en.pdf).\n- **Medical insurance** covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death).\n- **Supporting documents** relating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay.\n- Your **fingerprints** will be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants).\n\n*Additional documents may also be requested by the consulates.*\n\n## How much does a visa cost?\n- €90 for adults\n- €45 for children aged 6-12\n- €35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus\n- €67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde.\n\nAn additional fee may apply if you go through **visa service centres**, which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases.\n\nThe visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants.\n\n## How long does the application take to process?\nThe normal processing time for a visa application is **15 days**.\n\nThis period may be extended to up to **45 days** if a more detailed examination of the application and\/or additional documents are required.\n\nUnder certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the [Free Movement Directive](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/AUTO\/?uri=CELEX:02004L0038-20110616) are eligible for a **free and accelerated** visa procedure.\n\n## Refusal of a visa application\nIf your application is rejected, you will be told:\n\n- why it was rejected\n- how to submit an appeal.\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n[Frequently Asked Questions](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/dae5e071-1564-4a5d-9714-2147f7641781_en?filename=FAQs.pdf)\n\nShare this page\n\n[Migration and Home Affairs](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\nThis site is managed by:  \nDirectorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs\n\nContact us\n\n- [Contact our DG](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/who-we-are\/contact-us_en)\n\nMore information on:\n\n- [Live, work, travel in the EU](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/live-work-travel-eu_en)\n\n[![European Commission logo](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/themes\/contrib\/oe_theme\/dist\/ec\/images\/logo\/negative\/logo-ec--en.svg)](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/index_en)\n\nFollow the European Commission\n\n- [Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/EuropeanCommission)\n- [Instagram](https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/europeancommission)\n- [X](https:\/\/x.com\/EU_Commission)\n- [Linkedin](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/european-commission)\n- [Other](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/social-media-channels_en)\n\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/about\/contact_en)\n\n- [Report an IT vulnerability](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/legal-notice\/vulnerability-disclosure-policy_en)\n- [Languages on our websites](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/languages-our-websites_en)\n- [Cookies](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/cookies-policy_en)\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/privacy-policy-websites-managed-european-commission_en)\n- [Legal notice](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/legal-notice_en)\n- [Accessibility](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/accessibility-statement_en)","attrs_readable_markdown":"Page contents\n\nThis is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country.\n\nWhat is a Schengen visa?\n\nA **Schengen visa** is an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to **90 days in any 180-day period** to a country in the Schengen area.\n\nSchengen visas come in 3 forms:\n\n- **single-entry visa** - allowing you to enter the Schengen area once;\n- **multiple-entry visa -** allowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid;\n- **airport transit visa** - allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area.\n\nHow long can you stay?\n\nThe [short-stay calculator](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/policies\/schengen\/border-crossing\/short-stay-calculator_en) can help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country.\n\nWho needs to apply for a Schengen visa?\n\nCitizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a **short-stay visa** when travelling to the Schengen area.\n\nConsult the [EU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/ebd6113d-4d14-4ac2-ac9b-47f2e7976515_en?filename=09%2001%202026_Information%201806.xlsx) when crossing its external borders. There are [exceptions to the visa requirements](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/e3561580-9b1d-40cc-ae35-82b31817429b_en?filename=Information-on-national-derogations-from-the-visa-requirement_en.xlsx) for certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions).\n\n*Airport transit visas*\n\n- **Some non-EU nationals** must also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [any of the Schengen States](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/b4c96db2-f9ff-4fba-8106-89a52c9c4121_en?filename=annex_7a_atv_common_list_en.pdf).\n- For citizens of certain **additional countries**, an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [some of the Schengen countries](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/7337515c-60a1-4510-b639-80de714f543e_en?filename=Annex-7B_en.pdf).\n- There are some **categories of people** who are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the [Visa Code](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/AUTO\/?uri=CELEX%3A02009R0810-20200202)).\n\nWhere to apply\n\nYou must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at **the consulate of the country you intend to visit**.\n\n- Visiting **more than 1 Schengen countries**: apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time.\n- Visiting **several Schengen countries** (for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit.\n\nAs a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident.\n\nWhen to apply\n\nYou must submit your application to the consulate **at least 15 days before your intended journey** and no earlier than **6 months beforehand**.\n\nYou may have to book an appointment before lodging the application.\n\nWhat documents are needed to apply?\n\n- A valid **passport**. The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited.\n- A [visa application form.](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/5fe79baa-2d46-4b65-84ec-ea2e9b5ab1d6_en?filename=Visa%20Application%20Form.pdf)\n- A **photo** in compliance with [ICAO standards](https:\/\/home-affairs.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/5bb16566-c8c2-4afb-b038-530f488cb72a_en?filename=icao_photograph_guidelines_en.pdf).\n- **Medical insurance** covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death).\n- **Supporting documents** relating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay.\n- Your **fingerprints** will be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants).\n\n*Additional documents may also be requested by the consulates.*\n\nHow much does a visa cost?\n\n- €90 for adults\n- €45 for children aged 6-12\n- €35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus\n- €67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde.\n\nAn additional fee may apply if you go through **visa service centres**, which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases.\n\nThe visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants.\n\nHow long does the application take to process?\n\nThe normal processing time for a visa application is **15 days**.\n\nThis period may be extended to up to **45 days** if a more detailed examination of the application and\/or additional documents are required.\n\nUnder certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the [Free Movement Directive](https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/AUTO\/?uri=CELEX:02004L0038-20110616) are eligible for a **free and accelerated** visa procedure.\n\nRefusal of a visa application\n\nIf your application is rejected, you will be told:\n\n- why it was rejected\n- how to submit an appeal.\n\nFrequently Asked Questions","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en
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Meta Title	Applying for a Schengen visa - Migration and Home Affairs
Meta Description	A Schengen visa is an entry permit for a short, temporary visit of up to 90 days in any 180-day period. A Schengen visa can be obtained in the form of a single-entry visa, which allows the holder to enter the Schengen area once, or a multiple-entry visa.
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Boilerpipe Text	Page contents This is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country. What is a Schengen visa? A Schengen visa is an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to 90 days in any 180-day period to a country in the Schengen area. Schengen visas come in 3 forms: single-entry visa - allowing you to enter the Schengen area once; multiple-entry visa - allowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid; airport transit visa - allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area. How long can you stay? The short-stay calculator can help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country. Who needs to apply for a Schengen visa? Citizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a short-stay visa when travelling to the Schengen area. Consult the EU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa when crossing its external borders. There are exceptions to the visa requirements for certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions). Airport transit visas Some non-EU nationals must also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in any of the Schengen States . For citizens of certain additional countries , an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in some of the Schengen countries . There are some categories of people who are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the Visa Code ). Where to apply You must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at the consulate of the country you intend to visit . Visiting more than 1 Schengen countries : apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time. Visiting several Schengen countries (for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit. As a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident. When to apply You must submit your application to the consulate at least 15 days before your intended journey and no earlier than 6 months beforehand . You may have to book an appointment before lodging the application. What documents are needed to apply? A valid passport . The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited. A visa application form. A photo in compliance with ICAO standards . Medical insurance covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death). Supporting documents relating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay. Your fingerprints will be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants). Additional documents may also be requested by the consulates. How much does a visa cost? €90 for adults €45 for children aged 6-12 €35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus €67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde. An additional fee may apply if you go through visa service centres , which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases. The visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants. How long does the application take to process? The normal processing time for a visa application is 15 days . This period may be extended to up to 45 days if a more detailed examination of the application and/or additional documents are required. Under certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the Free Movement Directive are eligible for a free and accelerated visa procedure. Refusal of a visa application If your application is rejected, you will be told: why it was rejected how to submit an appeal. Frequently Asked Questions
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These include: the Pact on Migration and Asylum, the Common European Asylum System, legal migration, integration, irregular migration and return. - Asylum in the EU - [Determining the Member State responsible for an asylum application](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu/determining-member-state-responsible-asylum-application_en) - [Reception conditions](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu/reception-conditions_en) - [Temporary protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu/temporary-protection_en) - [Statistics](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu/statistics_en) - [Who qualifies for international protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu/who-qualifies-international-protection_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/asylum-eu_en) - EU Immigration Portal - 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[Self-employed worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-sweden_en) - [Student in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-slovakia_en) - [Student in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-slovenia_en) - [Student in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-spain_en) - [Trainee in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-slovakia_en) - [Trainee in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-slovenia_en) - [Trainee in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-spain_en) - [Trainee in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-sweden_en) - [Volunteer in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-slovakia_en) - [Volunteer in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-slovenia_en) - [Volunteer in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-spain_en) - [Volunteer in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-slovakia_en) - [Employed worker in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-slovenia_en) - [Employed worker in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-spain_en) - [Family member in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-slovakia_en) - [Family member in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-slovenia_en) - [Student in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-sweden_en) - [Family member in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-spain_en) - [Researcher in Slovakia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-slovakia_en) - [Researcher in Slovenia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-slovenia_en) - [Researcher in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-spain_en) - [Employed worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-belgium_en) - [Employed worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-austria_en) - [Employed worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Employed worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-croatia_en) - [Employed worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-cyprus_en) - [Employed worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-czechia_en) - [Employed worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-denmark_en) - [Employed worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-estonia_en) - [Employed worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-finland_en) - [Employed worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-germany_en) - [Employed worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-france_en) - [Employed worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-greece_en) - [Employed worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-hungary_en) - [Employed worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-ireland_en) - [Employed worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-italy_en) - [Employed worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-latvia_en) - [Employed worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-lithuania_en) - [Employed worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Employed worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-malta_en) - [Employed worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-poland_en) - [Researcher in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-sweden_en) - [Employed worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-portugal_en) - [Employed worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-romania_en) - [Employed worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/employed-worker-netherlands_en) - [Family member in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-belgium_en) - [Family member in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-austria_en) - [Family member in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-bulgaria_en) - [Family member in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-croatia_en) - [Family member in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-cyprus_en) - [Family member in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-czechia_en) - [Family member in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-denmark_en) - [Family member in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-estonia_en) - [Family member in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-finland_en) - [Family member in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-france_en) - [Family member in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-germany_en) - [Family member in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-greece_en) - [Family member in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-hungary_en) - [Family member in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-ireland_en) - [Family member in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-italy_en) - [Family member in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-latvia_en) - [Family member in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-lithuania_en) - [Family member in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-luxembourg_en) - [Family member in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-malta_en) - [Family member in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-poland_en) - [Family member in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-portugal_en) - [Family member in Sweden](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-sweden_en) - [Family member in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-romania_en) - [Family member in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/family-member-netherlands_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-belgium_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-austria_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-croatia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-cyprus_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-czechia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-denmark_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-estonia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-finland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-germany_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-france_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-greece_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-hungary_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-ireland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-italy_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-latvia_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-lithuania_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-malta_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-poland_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-portugal_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-romania_en) - [Highly-qualified worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/highly-qualified-worker-netherlands_en) - [International service provider in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-belgium_en) - [International service provider in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-bulgaria_en) - [International service provider in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-croatia_en) - [International service provider in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-cyprus_en) - [International service provider in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-czechia_en) - [International service provider in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-denmark_en) - [International service provider in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-estonia_en) - [International service provider in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-finland_en) - [International service provider in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-france_en) - [International service provider in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-germany_en) - [International service provider in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-greece_en) - [International service provider in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-hungary_en) - [International service provider in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-ireland_en) - [International service provider in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-italy_en) - [International service provider in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-latvia_en) - [International service provider in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-lithuania_en) - [International service provider in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-luxembourg_en) - [International service provider in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-malta_en) - [International service provider in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-poland_en) - [International service provider in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-portugal_en) - [International service provider in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-romania_en) - [International service provider in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/international-service-provider-netherlands_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-belgium_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-austria_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-bulgaria_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-croatia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-cyprus_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-czechia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-denmark_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-estonia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-finland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-france_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-germany_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-greece_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-hungary_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-ireland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-italy_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-latvia_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-lithuania_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-luxembourg_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-malta_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-poland_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-portugal_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-romania_en) - [Intra-corporate transferee (ICT) in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/intra-corporate-transferee-ict-netherlands_en) - [Researcher in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-belgium_en) - [Researcher in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-austria_en) - [Researcher in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-bulgaria_en) - [Researcher in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-croatia_en) - [Researcher in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-cyprus_en) - [Researcher in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-czechia_en) - [Researcher in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-denmark_en) - [Researcher in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-estonia_en) - [Researcher in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-finland_en) - [Researcher in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-france_en) - [Researcher in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-germany_en) - [Researcher in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-hungary_en) - [Researcher in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-ireland_en) - [Researcher in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-italy_en) - [Researcher in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-latvia_en) - [Researcher in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-lithuania_en) - [Researcher in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-luxembourg_en) - [Researcher in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-malta_en) - [Researcher in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-poland_en) - [Researcher in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-portugal_en) - [Researcher in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-romania_en) - [Researcher in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-netherlands_en) - [Seasonal worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-belgium_en) - [Seasonal worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-austria_en) - [Seasonal worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Seasonal worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-croatia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-cyprus_en) - [Seasonal worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-czechia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-denmark_en) - [Seasonal worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-estonia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-finland_en) - [Seasonal worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-france_en) - [Seasonal worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-germany_en) - [Seasonal worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-greece_en) - [Seasonal worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-hungary_en) - [Seasonal worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-ireland_en) - [Seasonal worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-italy_en) - [Seasonal worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-latvia_en) - [Seasonal worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-lithuania_en) - [Seasonal worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Seasonal worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-malta_en) - [Seasonal worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-poland_en) - [Seasonal worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-portugal_en) - [Seasonal worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-romania_en) - [Seasonal worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/seasonal-worker-netherlands_en) - [Self-employed worker in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-estonia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-finland_en) - [Self-employed worker in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-france_en) - [Self-employed worker in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-germany_en) - [Self-employed worker in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-greece_en) - [Self-employed worker in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-hungary_en) - [Self-employed worker in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-ireland_en) - [Self-employed worker in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-italy_en) - [Self-employed worker in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-latvia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-lithuania_en) - [Self-employed worker in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-luxembourg_en) - [Self-employed worker in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-malta_en) - [Self-employed worker in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-poland_en) - [Self-employed worker in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-portugal_en) - [Self-employed worker in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-romania_en) - [Self-employed worker in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-netherlands_en) - [Self-employed worker in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-belgium_en) - [Self-employed worker in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-austria_en) - [Self-employed worker in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-bulgaria_en) - [Self-employed worker in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-croatia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-cyprus_en) - [Self-employed worker in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-czechia_en) - [Self-employed worker in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/self-employed-worker-denmark_en) - [Student in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-belgium_en) - [Student in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-austria_en) - [Student in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-bulgaria_en) - [Student in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-croatia_en) - [Student in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-cyprus_en) - [Student in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-czechia_en) - [Student in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-denmark_en) - [Student in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-estonia_en) - [Student in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-finland_en) - [Student in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-france_en) - [Student in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-germany_en) - [Researcher in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/researcher-greece_en) - [Student in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-greece_en) - [Student in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-hungary_en) - [Student in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-ireland_en) - [Student in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-italy_en) - [Student in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-latvia_en) - [Student in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-lithuania_en) - [Student in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-luxembourg_en) - [Student in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-malta_en) - [Student in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-poland_en) - [Student in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-portugal_en) - [Student in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-romania_en) - [Student in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/student-netherlands_en) - [Trainee in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-belgium_en) - [Trainee in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-austria_en) - [Trainee in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-bulgaria_en) - [Trainee in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-croatia_en) - [Trainee in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-cyprus_en) - [Trainee in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-czechia_en) - [Trainee in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-denmark_en) - [Trainee in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-estonia_en) - [Trainee in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-finland_en) - [Trainee in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-france_en) - [Trainee in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-germany_en) - [Trainee in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-greece_en) - [Trainee in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-hungary_en) - [Trainee in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-ireland_en) - [Trainee in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-italy_en) - [Trainee in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-latvia_en) - [Trainee in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-lithuania_en) - [Trainee in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-luxembourg_en) - [Trainee in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-malta_en) - [Trainee in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-poland_en) - [Trainee in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-portugal_en) - [Trainee in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-romania_en) - [Trainee in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/trainee-netherlands_en) - [Volunteer in Belgium](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-belgium_en) - [Volunteer in Austria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-austria_en) - [Volunteer in Bulgaria](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-bulgaria_en) - [Volunteer in Croatia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-croatia_en) - [Volunteer in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-cyprus_en) - [Volunteer in Czechia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-czechia_en) - [Volunteer in Denmark](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-denmark_en) - [Volunteer in Estonia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-estonia_en) - [Volunteer in Finland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-finland_en) - [Volunteer in France](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-france_en) - [Volunteer in Germany](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-germany_en) - [Volunteer in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-greece_en) - [Volunteer in Hungary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-hungary_en) - [Volunteer in Ireland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-ireland_en) - [Volunteer in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-italy_en) - [Volunteer in Latvia](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-latvia_en) - [Volunteer in Lithuania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-lithuania_en) - [Volunteer in Luxembourg](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-luxembourg_en) - [Volunteer in Malta](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-malta_en) - [Volunteer in Poland](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-poland_en) - [Volunteer in Portugal](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-portugal_en) - [Volunteer in Romania](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-romania_en) - [Volunteer in the Netherlands](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/volunteer-netherlands_en) - [Who does what?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/who-does-what_en) - [What category do I fit into?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/what-category-do-i-fit_en) - [Already in the EU?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/already-eu_en) - [What should I avoid?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/what-should-i-avoid_en) - [EU Blue Card](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal/eu-blue-card_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/eu-immigration-portal_en) - Irregular migration and return - [An effective, firm and fair EU return and readmission policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/effective-firm-and-fair-eu-return-and-readmission-policy_en) - [International Conference on a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en) - [Migrant smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/migrant-smuggling_en) - [The EU Return Coordinator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/eu-return-coordinator_en) - [2025 International Conference of the Global Alliance to Counter Migrant Smuggling](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return/2025-international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-return_en) - Legal migration and resettlement - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-forum-emf_en) - [Legal migration fitness check](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/legal-migration-fitness-check_en) - [Long-term residents](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/long-term-residents_en) - [Resettlement and humanitarian admission](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/resettlement-and-humanitarian-admission_en) - [Study and research](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/study-and-research_en) - [Family reunification with non-EU nationals](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/family-reunification-non-eu-nationals_en) - [Talent Partnerships](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/talent-partnerships_en) - [Work](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement/work_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-resettlement_en) - Migrant integration - [Migrant integration hub](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/migrant-integration-hub_en) - [EU integration policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/eu-integration-policy_en) - [EU long-term residence](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration/eu-long-term-residence_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migrant-integration_en) - Migration management - [Migration Management in Italy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-italy_en) - [Migration Management in Spain](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-spain_en) - [Migration management in Cyprus](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-cyprus_en) - [Migration management: Welcoming displaced people from Ukraine](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-welcoming-displaced-people-ukraine_en) - [Relocation: EU solidarity in practice](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/relocation-eu-solidarity-practice_en) - [Search and rescue](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/search-and-rescue_en) - [Task Force Migration Management](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/task-force-migration-management_en) - [Migration management in Greece](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-greece_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management_en) - Pact on Migration and Asylum - [First Annual Migration Management Cycle](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/first-annual-migration-management-cycle_en) - [Legislative files in a nutshell](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/legislative-files-nutshell_en) - [Implementing the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/implementing-pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [Questions and answers on the Pact on Migration and Asylum](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum/questions-and-answers-pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/pact-migration-and-asylum_en) - [Statistics on migration to Europe](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/statistics-migration-europe_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum_en) - Schengen Schengen Schengen guarantees free movement to more than 450 million EU citizens, along with non-EU nationals living in the EU or visiting the EU as tourists, exchange students or for business purposes, anyone legally present in the EU. - Border crossing - [Short-stay calculator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing/short-stay-calculator_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing_en) - [Eurosur](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/eurosur_en) - [Effective management of external borders](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/effective-management-external-borders_en) - [Interoperability](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/interoperability_en) - Schengen Information System - [Access rights and data protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/access-rights-and-data-protection_en) - [Alerts and data in SIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/alerts-and-data-sis_en) - [Questions and answers](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/questions-and-answers_en) - [SIRENE cooperation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/sirene-cooperation_en) - [Success stories](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/success-stories_en) - [What is SIS and how does it work?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system/what-sis-and-how-does-it-work_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-information-system_en) - Schengen area - [History of Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/history-schengen_en) - [Schengen Governance](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/schengen-governance_en) - [Temporary Reintroduction of Border Control](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area/temporary-reintroduction-border-control_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/schengen-area_en) - Smart Borders - [European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders/european-travel-information-authorisation-system_en) - [Entry/Exit System (EES)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders/entry-exit-system_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/smart-borders_en) - [Travel and residence documents](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/travel-and-residence-documents_en) - Visa Information System (VIS) - [Key documents and legislation on VIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-information-system/key-documents-and-legislation-vis_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-information-system_en) - Visa policy - [Applying for a Schengen visa](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/applying-schengen-visa_en) - [Legal documents related to Schengen visas](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/legal-documents-related-schengen-visas_en) - [Short-stay visas issued by Schengen countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy/short-stay-visas-issued-schengen-countries_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen_en) - Internal security Internal security The European Commission plays a key role in shaping and implementing the EU’s internal security policies, ensuring that security is integrated into EU legislation and policies. - Counter-terrorism and radicalisation - [Fight against the financing of terrorism](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/fight-against-financing-terrorism_en) - [Prevention of radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/prevention-radicalisation_en) - [Protection](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation/protection_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/counter-terrorism-and-radicalisation_en) - Cybercrime - [E-evidence](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime/e-evidence_en) - [International cooperation against cybercrime](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime/international-cooperation-against-cybercrime_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/cybercrime_en) - Innovation and security research - [Security Research Event](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/innovation-and-security-research/security-research-event_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/innovation-and-security-research_en) - Law enforcement cooperation - [EMPACT fighting crime together](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/empact-fighting-crime-together_en) - [Cooperation with Europol](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/cooperation-europol_en) - [Cooperation with CEPOL](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/cooperation-cepol_en) - [Information exchange](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/information-exchange_en) - [Operational law enforcement cooperation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/operational-law-enforcement-cooperation_en) - [Supporting action: funding, research and innovation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/supporting-action-funding-research-and-innovation_en) - [Travel Information](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation/travel-information_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/law-enforcement-cooperation_en) - Lawful access to data - [Data retention](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/data-retention_en) - [Encryption](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/encryption_en) - [Projects for digital investigations](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data/projects-digital-investigations_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/lawful-access-data_en) - Organised crime - [Confiscation and asset recovery](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/confiscation-and-asset-recovery_en) - [Crime prevention](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/crime-prevention_en) - [Drugs policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/drugs-policy_en) - [Financial investigations](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/financial-investigations_en) - [Money laundering](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/money-laundering_en) - [Together Against Trafficking in Human Beings](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/together-against-trafficking-human-beings_en) - [Trafficking in cultural goods](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/trafficking-cultural-goods_en) - [Trafficking in firearms](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/trafficking-firearms_en) - [Counterfeiting](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime/counterfeiting_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/organised-crime_en) - Protecting children from sexual abuse - [Funding to support the fight against child sexual abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/funding-support-fight-against-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [Cooperation against child sexual abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/cooperation-against-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [EU versus Child Sexual Abuse](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/eu-versus-child-sexual-abuse_en) - [Legal framework to protect children](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/legal-framework-protect-children_en) - [What is the EU doing to protect children from sexual abuse?](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse/what-eu-doing-protect-children-sexual-abuse_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/protecting-children-sexual-abuse_en) - [Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security_en) - [Agencies](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/agencies_en) - Networks Networks The DG for Migration and Home Affairs organises and supports networks where members exchange views and information on policies, such as: child sexual abuse, radicalisation, drugs, protection of critical infrastructure and migration. - CERIS - Community for European Research and Innovation for Security - [About CERIS](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/about-ceris_en) - [CERIS in pictures](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-pictures_en) - [CERIS events](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-events_en) - [CERIS news](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/ceris-news_en) - [EU security market study](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/eu-security-market-study_en) - [Subscribe](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/subscribe_en) - [Thematic areas](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security/thematic-areas_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ceris-community-european-research-and-innovation-security_en) - [European Migration Forum (EMF)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-forum-emf_en) - EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation - [Calls for Applications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/calls-applications_en) - [Knowledge Transfer](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/knowledge-transfer_en) - [Inspiring Practices Repository](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/inspiring-practices-repository_en) - [Prev. Inspiring Practices Repository](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/prev-inspiring-practices-repository_en) - [Thematic Panels](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/thematic-panels_en) - [Welcome Package](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/welcome-package_en) - [Expert Database](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/expert-database_en) - [Media](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/media_en) - [PCVE & Strategic Communications](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/pcve-strategic-communications_en) - [The Root Causes of Violent Extremism - The Basics](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/root-causes-violent-extremism-basics_en) - [Strategic Orientations on a coordinated EU approach to prevention of radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/strategic-orientations-coordinated-eu-approach-prevention-radicalisation_en) - [A Way Out From Violent Extremism](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/way-out-violent-extremism_en) - [Establishing Common Standards ‒ Gender-specific approaches in practical P/CVE](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/establishing-common-standards-gender-specific-approaches-practical-pcve_en) - [EU Security Union Strategy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/eu-security-union-strategy_en) - [About the EU Knowledge Hub on Prevention of Radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/about-eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en) - [Spotlight on Gender](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/spotlight-gender_en) - [Guide for Teachers and Schools](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/guide-teachers-and-schools_en) - [News](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/news_en) - [Calendar](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation/calendar_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/eu-knowledge-hub-prevention-radicalisation_en) - RAN Policy Support - [EC Research e-Library on Radicalisation](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ran-policy-support/ec-research-e-library-radicalisation_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/ran-policy-support_en) - European Migration Network (EMN) - [About the EMN](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/about-emn_en) - [EMN Asylum and Migration Glossary](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary_en) - [EMN Events](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-events_en) - [EMN Member and Observer Countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-member-and-observer-countries_en) - 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[Discover more](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks_en) - Funding Funding Learn about EU funds supporting projects on migration and home affairs: Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF), Internal Security Fund (ISF) and Horizon Europe funding for security research. - Asylum, migration and integration funds - [Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (2021-2027)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2021-2027_en) - [Asylum, Migration and Integration fund (2014-2020)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/asylum-migration-and-integration-fund-2014-2020_en) - [European Migration Network (EMN)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds/european-migration-network-emn_en) - [See all](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/asylum-migration-and-integration-funds_en) - Borders and visa funds - [Integrated Border Management Fund – Border Management and Visa Instrument (2021-27)](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/funding/borders-and-visa-funds/integrated-border-management-fund-border-management-and-visa-instrument-2021-27_en) - 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[HOME](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/index_en) 2. … 3. [Policies](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies_en) 4. [Schengen](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen_en) 5. [Visa policy](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/visa-policy_en) 6. Applying for a Schengen visa # Applying for a Schengen visa - 2 December 2025 Page contents Page contents This is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country. ## What is a Schengen visa? A Schengen visa is an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to 90 days in any 180-day period to a country in the Schengen area. Schengen visas come in 3 forms: - single-entry visa - allowing you to enter the Schengen area once; - multiple-entry visa - allowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid; - airport transit visa - allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area. ## How long can you stay? The [short-stay calculator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing/short-stay-calculator_en) can help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country. ## Who needs to apply for a Schengen visa? Citizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a short-stay visa when travelling to the Schengen area. Consult the [EU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ebd6113d-4d14-4ac2-ac9b-47f2e7976515_en?filename=09%2001%202026_Information%201806.xlsx) when crossing its external borders. There are [exceptions to the visa requirements](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/e3561580-9b1d-40cc-ae35-82b31817429b_en?filename=Information-on-national-derogations-from-the-visa-requirement_en.xlsx) for certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions). Airport transit visas - Some non-EU nationals must also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [any of the Schengen States](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/b4c96db2-f9ff-4fba-8106-89a52c9c4121_en?filename=annex_7a_atv_common_list_en.pdf). - For citizens of certain additional countries, an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [some of the Schengen countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/7337515c-60a1-4510-b639-80de714f543e_en?filename=Annex-7B_en.pdf). - There are some categories of people who are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the [Visa Code](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX%3A02009R0810-20200202)). ## Where to apply You must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at the consulate of the country you intend to visit. - Visiting more than 1 Schengen countries: apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time. - Visiting several Schengen countries (for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit. As a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident. More information for each Schengen country can be found on these websites \| \| \| \| \| \| \|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\| \| [Austria](https://www.bmeia.gv.at/en/travel-stay/entrance-and-residence-in-austria/visa) \| [Belgium](https://dofi.ibz.be/fr/themes/third-country-nationals/court-sejour) \| [Bulgaria](https://www.mfa.bg/en/services-travel/consular-services/travel-bulgaria/visa-bulgaria) \| [Croatia](https://mvep.gov.hr/consular-information-107317/general-visa-information-107319/107319) \| [Czechia](https://www.mzv.cz/jnp/en/information_for_aliens/index.html) \| \| [Denmark](https://nyidanmark.dk/da/Du-vil-ans%C3%B8ge/Kort-ophold-\(Visum\)) \| [Estonia](https://vm.ee/en/consular-visa-and-travel-information/visa-information/application-schengen-visa) \| [Finland](https://um.fi/visa-to-visit-finland) \| [France](https://www.france-visas.gouv.fr/) \| [Germany](https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/en/visa-service/visabestimmungen-node) \| \| [Greece](https://www.mfa.gr/en/visas/) \| [Hungary](https://konzinfo.mfa.gov.hu/en) \| [Iceland](https://www.government.is/topics/foreign-affairs/visa-to-iceland/) \| [Italy](http://vistoperitalia.esteri.it/) \| [Latvia](https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/consular-information/obtaining-visas) \| \| [Liechtenstein](https://www.llv.li/en/individuals/migration-and-integration/immigration/visa) \| [Lithuania](https://www.migracija.lt/en/stay-less-than-3-months) \| [Luxembourg](https://guichet.public.lu/en/citoyens/immigration.html) \| [Malta](https://identita.gov.mt/central-visa-unit-sec-page-schengen-visa/) \| [Netherlands](https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/immigratie-naar-nederland/vraag-en-antwoord/heb-ik-een-visum-nodig-als-ik-naar-nederland-ga) \| \| [Norway](https://www.udi.no/) \| [Poland](https://www.msz.gov.pl/en/travel%20to%20poland/entering%20poland/) \| [Portugal](https://vistos.mne.gov.pt/) \| [Romania](https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2035) \| [Slovakia](https://www.mzv.sk/web/en) \| \| [Slovenia](https://www.gov.si/en/topics/entry-and-residence/) \| [Spain](https://www.exteriores.gob.es/Consulados/londres/en/ServiciosConsulares/Paginas/Consular/Visados-Schengen.aspx) \| [Sweden](https://www.swedenabroad.se/en/about-sweden-non-swedish-citizens/going-to-sweden/visiting-sweden/) \| [Switzerland](http://www.swiss-visa.ch/) \| \| ## When to apply You must submit your application to the consulate at least 15 days before your intended journey and no earlier than 6 months beforehand. You may have to book an appointment before lodging the application. ## What documents are needed to apply? - A valid passport. The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited. - A [visa application form.](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/5fe79baa-2d46-4b65-84ec-ea2e9b5ab1d6_en?filename=Visa%20Application%20Form.pdf) - A photo in compliance with [ICAO standards](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/5bb16566-c8c2-4afb-b038-530f488cb72a_en?filename=icao_photograph_guidelines_en.pdf). - Medical insurance covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death). - Supporting documents relating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay. - Your fingerprints will be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants). Additional documents may also be requested by the consulates. ## How much does a visa cost? - €90 for adults - €45 for children aged 6-12 - €35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus - €67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde. An additional fee may apply if you go through visa service centres, which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases. The visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants. ## How long does the application take to process? The normal processing time for a visa application is 15 days. This period may be extended to up to 45 days if a more detailed examination of the application and/or additional documents are required. Under certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the [Free Movement Directive](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX:02004L0038-20110616) are eligible for a free and accelerated visa procedure. ## Refusal of a visa application If your application is rejected, you will be told: - why it was rejected - how to submit an appeal. ## Frequently Asked Questions [Frequently Asked Questions](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/dae5e071-1564-4a5d-9714-2147f7641781_en?filename=FAQs.pdf) Share this page [Migration and Home Affairs](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/index_en) This site is managed by: Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs Contact us - [Contact our DG](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/who-we-are/contact-us_en) More information on: - [Live, work, travel in the EU](https://commission.europa.eu/live-work-travel-eu_en) [![European Commission logo](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/logo/negative/logo-ec--en.svg)](https://commission.europa.eu/index_en) Follow the European Commission - [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/EuropeanCommission) - [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/europeancommission) - [X](https://x.com/EU_Commission) - [Linkedin](https://www.linkedin.com/company/european-commission) - [Other](https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/social-media-channels_en) - [Contact us](https://commission.europa.eu/about/contact_en) - [Report an IT vulnerability](https://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice/vulnerability-disclosure-policy_en) - [Languages on our websites](https://commission.europa.eu/languages-our-websites_en) - [Cookies](https://commission.europa.eu/cookies-policy_en) - [Privacy policy](https://commission.europa.eu/privacy-policy-websites-managed-european-commission_en) - [Legal notice](https://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en) - [Accessibility](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/accessibility-statement_en)
Readable Markdown	Page contents This is a general overview - for more details contact the embassy or consulate of your main destination country. What is a Schengen visa? A Schengen visa is an entry permit for non-EU nationals to make a short, temporary visit of up to 90 days in any 180-day period to a country in the Schengen area. Schengen visas come in 3 forms: - single-entry visa - allowing you to enter the Schengen area once; - multiple-entry visa - allowing several visits to the Schengen area for as long as the visa is valid; - airport transit visa - allows you to connect through the international transit area of an airport in the Schengen area during a stopover or a change of flights. It does not allow you to leave the international transit area. How long can you stay? The [short-stay calculator](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen/border-crossing/short-stay-calculator_en) can help you calculate the remaining period you are allowed to stay in a Schengen country. Who needs to apply for a Schengen visa? Citizens of certain non-EU countries must hold a short-stay visa when travelling to the Schengen area. Consult the [EU list of countries whose citizens are required to hold a visa](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ebd6113d-4d14-4ac2-ac9b-47f2e7976515_en?filename=09%2001%202026_Information%201806.xlsx) when crossing its external borders. There are [exceptions to the visa requirements](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/e3561580-9b1d-40cc-ae35-82b31817429b_en?filename=Information-on-national-derogations-from-the-visa-requirement_en.xlsx) for certain types of traveller to certain countries (e.g. diplomats, armed forces, refugees, pupils on school excursions). Airport transit visas - Some non-EU nationals must also hold an airport transit visa when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [any of the Schengen States](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/b4c96db2-f9ff-4fba-8106-89a52c9c4121_en?filename=annex_7a_atv_common_list_en.pdf). - For citizens of certain additional countries, an airport transit visa is required when connecting through the international transit areas of airports located in [some of the Schengen countries](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/7337515c-60a1-4510-b639-80de714f543e_en?filename=Annex-7B_en.pdf). - There are some categories of people who are exempt from the requirement to hold an airport transit visa (see Article 3(5) of the [Visa Code](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX%3A02009R0810-20200202)). Where to apply You must lodge your application for a Schengen visa at the consulate of the country you intend to visit. - Visiting more than 1 Schengen countries: apply at the consulate of the country where you will spend the longest time. - Visiting several Schengen countries (for stays of equal length): apply at the consulate of the first country you will visit. As a general rule, you must apply for a Schengen visa at the consulate with territorial responsibility for the country where you are legally resident. When to apply You must submit your application to the consulate at least 15 days before your intended journey and no earlier than 6 months beforehand. You may have to book an appointment before lodging the application. What documents are needed to apply? - A valid passport. The passport’s expiry date should be at least 3 months after the date of your departure from the Schengen area. For multiple-entry visas, the expiry date should be at least 3 months after your departure from the last country visited. - A [visa application form.](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/5fe79baa-2d46-4b65-84ec-ea2e9b5ab1d6_en?filename=Visa%20Application%20Form.pdf) - A photo in compliance with [ICAO standards](https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/5bb16566-c8c2-4afb-b038-530f488cb72a_en?filename=icao_photograph_guidelines_en.pdf). - Medical insurance covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation and repatriation (including in the event of death). - Supporting documents relating to the purpose of your stay, evidence of financial means and accommodation during your stay, and evidence of your intention to return to your home country after your stay. - Your fingerprints will be collected when you submit your application (exemptions exist for specific categories of applicants). Additional documents may also be requested by the consulates. How much does a visa cost? - €90 for adults - €45 for children aged 6-12 - €35 for applicants from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus - €67,50 for applicants from Cabo Verde. An additional fee may apply if you go through visa service centres, which collect applications on behalf of consulates in some cases. The visa fee can be waived for specific categories of applicants. How long does the application take to process? The normal processing time for a visa application is 15 days. This period may be extended to up to 45 days if a more detailed examination of the application and/or additional documents are required. Under certain conditions, family members of EU or EEA citizens falling under the [Free Movement Directive](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX:02004L0038-20110616) are eligible for a free and accelerated visa procedure. Refusal of a visa application If your application is rejected, you will be told: - why it was rejected - how to submit an appeal. Frequently Asked Questions
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