🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 71 (from laksa005)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa071.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm","crawl_time":1772641508,"first_indexed_time":1513554506,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"eu,europa!\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm s443","src_root_hash":"8384339340669129071","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Luggage restrictions - Your Europe","meta_descriptions":["Hand luggage and hold luggage"],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Hand luggage and hold luggage\nWhen travelling by plane from an airport in the\nEU\n, you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding:\nLiquids\ncarried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams\n                        or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre -\n                        and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must\n                        be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and\n                        baby food.\nDuty free liquids\npurchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the\n                        item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided\n                        at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final\n                        destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for\n                        screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell\n                        the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag.\nAny\nsharp objects\nthat might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could\n                        be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which\n                        should be packed in your hold luggage.\nLimits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take\n                        on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel.\nExplosives and inflammable\nitems - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic\n                        substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either\n                        cabin or checked baggage.\nNo\nweapons\nof any kind are allowed on board the aircraft.\nSee the rules on\nprohibited articles\nin your hand and hold luggage.\nWarning\nCheck your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your\n                           airline before travelling.\nFor general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being\n                           allowed into airport security zones.","attrs_markdown":"[![Your Europe](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/images\/logos\/youreurope-logo.svg)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/index_en.htm)\n\nenEnglish\n\nAvailable languages\n\nClose menu\n\n- [bgбългарски](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_bg.htm)\n- [csčeština](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_cs.htm)\n- [dadansk](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_da.htm)\n- [deDeutsch](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_de.htm)\n- [eteesti](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_et.htm)\n- [elΕλληνικά](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_el.htm)\n- [enEnglish](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm)\n- [esespañol](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_es.htm)\n- [frfrançais](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_fr.htm)\n- [hrhrvatski](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_hr.htm)\n- [ititaliano](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_it.htm)\n- [lvlatviešu](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_lv.htm)\n- [ltlietuvių](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_lt.htm)\n- [humagyar](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_hu.htm)\n- [mtMalti](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_mt.htm)\n- [nlNederlands](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_nl.htm)\n- [plpolski](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_pl.htm)\n- [ptportuguês](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_pt.htm)\n- [roromână](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_ro.htm)\n- [skslovenčina](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_sk.htm)\n- [slslovenščina](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_sl.htm)\n- [fisuomi](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_fi.htm)\n- [svsvenska](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_sv.htm)\n\nSearch\n\nMenu\n\nMenu\n\nClose menu\n\n- [Search](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/index_en.htm)\n- [Life and travel](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Travel](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Documents you need for travel in Europe](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travel documents for EU nationals](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/eu-citizen\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travel documents for non-EU family members](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/non-eu-family\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travel documents for non-EU nationals](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/non-eu-nationals\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travel documents for EU nationals and their non-EU family members residing in the UK](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/eu-nationals-living-uk\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travel documents for UK nationals and their family members residing in an EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/uk-nationals-living-eu-country\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Expired or lost passports](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/expired-lost-passports\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Documents for minors travelling in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/entry-exit\/travel-documents-minors\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Passenger rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/passenger-rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Air passenger rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/passenger-rights\/air\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rail passenger rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/passenger-rights\/rail\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Bus and coach passenger rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/passenger-rights\/bus-and-coach\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Ship passenger rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/passenger-rights\/ship\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Transport and disability](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/transport-disability\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rights for travellers with disabilities or reduced mobility](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/transport-disability\/reduced-mobility\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU parking card for people with disabilities](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/transport-disability\/parking-card-disabilities-people\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Driving abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/driving-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Hiring a car](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/driving-abroad\/car-rental-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Driving licence and insurance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/driving-abroad\/driving-licence-and-insurance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Road rules and safety](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/driving-abroad\/road-rules-and-safety\/index_en.htm)\n    - [What can you take with you?](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Alcohol, tobacco and excise duties](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/alcohol-tobacco-cash\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rules for taking cash in and out of the EU and travelling with cash in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/carrying-cash\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Travelling with pets and other animals in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/pets-and-other-animals\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Luggage restrictions](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Taking animal products, food or plants with you](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/meat-dairy-animal\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Using the euro](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/using-euro\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Security and emergencies](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/security-and-emergencies\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Airport and airline security](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/security-and-emergencies\/airport-airline-security\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Emergencies](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/security-and-emergencies\/emergency\/index_en.htm)\n      - [eCall 112-based emergency assistance from your vehicle](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/security-and-emergencies\/emergency-assistance-vehicles-ecall\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Consular protection](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/security-and-emergencies\/consular-protection\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Package travel and timeshare](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/holidays\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Timeshare and other long-term holiday contracts in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/holidays\/timeshare\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Package travel and linked travel arrangements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/holidays\/package-travel\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Work and retirement](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Working abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Cross-border commuters](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/cross-border-commuters\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Equal treatment at work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/equal-treatment-with-nationals\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Posted workers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/posted-workers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Work in the public sector abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/work-in-public-sector-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Work permits](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/work-permits\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Employment contracts](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/employment-contracts\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU rules for working in road transport](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/rules-working-road-transport\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Liability insurance in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/work-abroad\/liability-insurance\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Professional qualifications](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/index_en.htm)\n      - [What is a regulated profession](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/regulated-professions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Applying for permanent provision of services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/apply-permanent-provision-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Applying for temporary provision of services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/apply-temporary-provision-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Professional bodies and language requirements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/professional-bodies-language-requirements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [European Professional Card - EPC](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/european-professional-card\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU-UK: professional qualifications](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/professional-qualifications\/brexit\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Social security and benefits](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Social security systems in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/social-security\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Social security cover abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/country-coverage\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unemployment abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/unemployment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Transferring unemployment benefits](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/transferring-unemployment-benefits\/index_en.htm)\n      - [If you don't find work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/cannot-find-work-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Family benefits](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/family-benefits\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Survivors' pensions and death grants](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/death-grants\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Standard forms for social security rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/social-security-and-benefits\/social-security-forms\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Retiring abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/retire-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Supplementary pensions abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/retire-abroad\/supplementary-pensions-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [State pensions abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/retire-abroad\/state-pensions-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Taxes](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/taxes\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Income taxes abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/taxes\/income-taxes-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Double taxation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/taxes\/double-taxation\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Health and safety at work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/work\/health-and-safety\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Vehicles](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Cars](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/cars\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Buying and leasing a car](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/cars\/buying-leasing-car-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [VAT when buying or selling a car](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/cars\/vat-buying-selling-cars\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Company cars](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/cars\/company-cars\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Driving licence](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/driving-licence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Driving licence exchange and recognition in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/driving-licence\/driving-licence-exchange-recognition\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Getting a driving licence in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/driving-licence\/get-driving-licence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Driving licence renewal in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/driving-licence\/driving-licence-renewal\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Insurance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/insurance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Car insurance validity in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/insurance\/validity\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Car insurance cover abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/insurance\/accident\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Registration](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/registration\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Car registration documents and formalities](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/registration\/formalities\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Car registration in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/registration\/registration-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Car taxes in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/vehicles\/registration\/taxes-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Residence](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Economically inactive EU citizens](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/inactive-citizens\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Jobseekers - residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/jobseekers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Pensioners - residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/pensioners\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Students - residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/students\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Workers - residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/workers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Residence rights for EU nationals in the UK and UK nationals in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/brexit-residence-rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Naturalisation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/residence-rights\/naturalisation\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Family residence rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU spouses and children](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/eu-wife-husband-children\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Non-EU spouses and children](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/non-eu-wife-husband-children\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Civil unions and registered partnerships](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/partners\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Parents](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/parents\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Other relatives](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/other-family\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Jobseeker's family](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/family-residence-rights\/jobseekers-family\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Documents and formalities](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering EU family members in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/eu-family-members-registration\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Permanent residence for EU nationals after 5 years](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/eu-nationals-permanent-residence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Permanent residence for non-EU family members](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/non-eu-family-members-permanent-residence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering presence of non-EU family members](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/non-eu-family-members-residence-card\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering presence after the first 3 months](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/registering-residence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Reporting presence for short stays of less than 3 months](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/reporting-presence\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering a birth](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/registering-birth\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rules on gender change](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/legal-gender-recognition\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Buying a house](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/buying-house\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Deregistering your residence](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/documents-formalities\/deregistering-residence\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Elections, petitions and consultations](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/elections-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [European elections](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/elections-abroad\/european-elections\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Home country elections](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/elections-abroad\/home-country-elections\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Municipal elections](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/elections-abroad\/municipal-elections\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Petitions and consultations](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/residence\/elections-abroad\/petitions-consultations\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Education & Youth](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/index_en.htm)\n    - [School](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/school\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Partnering with schools abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/school\/partner\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Starting school in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/school\/enrol\/index_en.htm)\n    - [University](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Admission and entry to university](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/admission-entry-conditions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [University fees and financial help](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/fees-and-financial-help\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Recognition of academic diplomas](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/recognition\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Study abroad and scholarship opportunities](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/study-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Working while studying](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/university\/working-while-studying\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Traineeships](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/traineeships\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Financial support for traineeships](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/traineeships\/financial\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Volunteering in the EU and beyond](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/volunteering\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Volunteering - where to start](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/volunteering\/where-to-start\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Practical preparations for volunteers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/volunteering\/practical-preparations\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Researchers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/researchers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Grants and jobs for researchers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/researchers\/jobs\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Taxation of researchers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/education\/researchers\/tax\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Health](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Unplanned healthcare](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/unplanned-healthcare\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Going to a doctor\/hospital abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/unplanned-healthcare\/going-to-doctor-hospital-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unplanned healthcare: payments and reimbursements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/unplanned-healthcare\/payments-reimbursements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Health cover for temporary stays](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/unplanned-healthcare\/temporary-stays\/index_en.htm)\n      - [European Health Insurance Card (EHIC)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/unplanned-healthcare\/ehic\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Planned medical treatment abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/planned-healthcare\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Organising planned medical treatment abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/planned-healthcare\/right-to-treatment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Expenses and reimbursements: planned medical treatment abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/planned-healthcare\/expenses-reimbursements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Information points for cross-border healthcare](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/planned-healthcare\/get-more-info\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Buying medicine in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/prescription-medicine-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Presenting a prescription in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/prescription-medicine-abroad\/prescriptions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Prescriptions abroad: expenses and reimbursements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/prescription-medicine-abroad\/expenses-reimbursements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Buying medicine online](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/prescription-medicine-abroad\/buying-medicines-online\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Health coverage when living abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/when-living-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Your health insurance cover](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/when-living-abroad\/health-insurance-cover\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Moving to a residential care home](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/when-living-abroad\/residential-care-home\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Preventive healthcare](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/health\/when-living-abroad\/preventive-healthcare\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Family](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Children](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/children\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Parental responsibility](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/children\/parental-responsibility\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Adoption](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/children\/adoption\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Child abduction](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/children\/abduction\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rules on surrogacy](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/children\/rules-on-surrogacy\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Couples](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Marriage](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/marriage\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registered partnerships](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/registered-partners\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unmarried couples](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/de-facto-unions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Divorce and legal separation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/divorce-separation\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Maintenance obligations - support for family members](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/maintenance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Property regimes for international couples](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/property-regimes-international-couples\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Getting your public documents accepted in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/couple\/getting-public-documents-accepted\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Death, repatriation and cross-border inheritance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/inheritances\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Managing a cross-border inheritance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/inheritances\/managing-inheritance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Planning your cross-border inheritance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/inheritances\/planning-inheritance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Death and repatriation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/family\/inheritances\/death-repatriation\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Consumers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Shopping](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Contract information](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/contract-information\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Guarantees](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/guarantees\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Commercial guarantee of durability](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/commercial-guarantee-durability\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Returns](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/returns\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Pricing and payments](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/pricing-payments\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Shipping and delivery](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/shipping-delivery\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Your rights when shopping](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/shopping-consumer-rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [VAT – Value Added Tax](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/vat\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Product safety](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/product-safety\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Energy labels](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/shopping\/energy-labels\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Internet and telecoms](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Roaming: Using a mobile phone in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/mobile-roaming-costs\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Accessing online content abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/access-online-content-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Fixed line telephone services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/telecommunication-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Using and accessing the internet](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/internet-access\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Data protection and online privacy](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/internet-telecoms\/data-protection-online-privacy\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Financial products and services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Bank accounts in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/bank-accounts-eu\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Consumer credits and loans](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/consumer-credits-and-loans\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Insurance products](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/insurance-products\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Investment products](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/investment-products\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Mortgage loans](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/mortgages\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Payments, transfers and cheques](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/payments-transfers-cheques\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Investments in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/financial-products-and-services\/investments-in-another-eu-country\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Unfair treatment](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/unfair-treatment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unfair commercial practices](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/unfair-treatment\/unfair-commercial-practices\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unfair pricing](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/unfair-treatment\/unfair-pricing\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Unfair contract terms](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/unfair-treatment\/unfair-contract-terms\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Energy supply](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/energy-supply\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Access to and use of energy services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/energy-supply\/access-use-energy-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Contracts and energy consumption](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/energy-supply\/contracts-energy-consumption\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Complaints and dispute resolution](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/energy-supply\/complaints-dispute-resolution\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Consumer dispute resolution](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/consumers-dispute-resolution\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Informal\/alternative dispute resolution for consumers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/consumers-dispute-resolution\/informal-alternative-dispute-resolution\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Formal legal action for consumers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/consumers\/consumers-dispute-resolution\/formal-legal-actions\/index_en.htm)\n- [Doing business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Running a business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Startups](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/start-ups\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Starting a business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/start-ups\/starting-business\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/start-ups\/erasmus-young-entrepreneurs\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Developing a business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Setting up a European Company (SE)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/setting-up-european-company\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Setting up a European Cooperative Society](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/setting-up-european-cooperative-society\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Restructuring across EU borders](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/restructuring-across-eu-borders\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EMAS registration](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/emas-registration\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Free flow of non-personal data](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/free-flow-non-personal-data\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Investments in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/investments-other-eu-country\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registration, permits and licences](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/registration-permits-licences\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Running a business in the tourism industry](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/tourism\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Biotech and biomanufacturing](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/developing-business\/biotech\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Digitalising a business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Setting up a business website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/setting-up-business-website\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Selling online using third-party platforms](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/selling-online-third-party-platforms\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Setting up an online shop](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/setting-up-online-shop\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Securing a website](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/securing-website\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Deliveries and fulfilment for online sales](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/deliveries-fulfilment-online-sales\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Customer service for online businesses](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/customer-service-online-businesses\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Promoting a business online](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/digitalising\/promoting-business-online\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Intellectual property](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Intellectual property rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/rights\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Patents](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/patents\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Trade marks](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/trade-marks\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Copyright](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/copyright\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Trade secrets](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/trade-secrets\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Design protection](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/design-protection\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Website domains](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/website-domains\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Database protection](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/database-protection\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Geographical indications](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/geographical-indications\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Licensing and selling intellectual property](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/licensing-selling\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Infringement of intellectual property rights](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/intellectual-property\/infringement\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Governance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/governance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Gender balance on company boards](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/governance\/gender-balance-boards\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Liability of company directors](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/governance\/liability-company-directors\/index_en.htm)\n    - [EU support tools for SMEs](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/eu-support-tools-sme\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Closing a business](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/running-business\/closing-business\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Taxation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Excise duties](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/excise-duties-eu\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Products subject to excise duties](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/excise-duties-eu\/product-excise-duties\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Paying excise duties](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/excise-duties-eu\/paying-excise-duties\/index_en.htm)\n    - [VAT](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/index_en.htm)\n      - [VAT rules and rates](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/vat-rules-rates\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Charging and deducting VAT](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/charging-deducting-vat\/index_en.htm)\n      - [VAT exemptions](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/vat-exemptions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [VAT refunds](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/vat-refunds\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Cross-border VAT](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/cross-border-vat\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Check a VAT number (VIES)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/check-vat-number-vies\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU VAT One Stop Shop (OSS)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/vat\/one-stop-shop\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Business tax](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/business-tax\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Company tax in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/business-tax\/company-tax-eu\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Taxes on parent companies and subsidiaries](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/taxation\/business-tax\/taxes-parent-companies-subsidiaries\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Selling in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Public contracts](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/public-contracts\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Public tendering rules](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/public-contracts\/public-tendering-rules\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Search and bid for a public contract](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/public-contracts\/search-bid-public-tender\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Request a review of a public procurement procedure](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/public-contracts\/request-review-public-procurement-procedure\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Selling goods and services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Selling products in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/selling-products-eu\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Accessibility requirements for services and products](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/accessibility\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Providing services abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/provide-services-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [E-commerce, distance and off-premises selling](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/ecommerce-distance-selling\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Package travel and linked travel arrangements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/package-travel\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Parcel services](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/parcel-services\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Export credit insurance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/selling-goods-services\/export-credit-insurance\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Competition between businesses](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/competition-between-businesses\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Competition rules in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/competition-between-businesses\/competition-rules-eu\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Reporting anti-competitive behaviour](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/selling-in-eu\/competition-between-businesses\/anti-competitive-behaviour\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Human resources](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/index_en.htm)\n    - [General employment terms and conditions](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Terms of employment](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/employment-terms\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Changes to staff contracts](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/changes-staff-contract\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Working hours](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/working-hours\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Leave and flexible working](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/leave-flexible-working\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Terminating employment contracts](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/general-employment-terms-conditions\/terminating-employment-contracts\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Types of employment arrangements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Fixed-term work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/fixed-term-work\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Part-time work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/part-time-work\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Temporary agency work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/temporary-agency-work\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Seasonal workers from non-EU countries](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/seasonal-workers-non-eu-countries\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Teenage workers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/types-employment-arrangements\/teenage-workers\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Social security and health](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/social-security-health\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering as an employer in another EU country](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/social-security-health\/registering-employer\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Paying social security contributions](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/social-security-health\/paying-contributions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Employer pension obligations](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/social-security-health\/pensions\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Health and safety at work](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/social-security-health\/work-safety\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Employee rights and representation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/employee-rights-representation\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Staff representation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/employee-rights-representation\/staff-representation\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Inform and consult staff](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/employee-rights-representation\/inform-consult-staff\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Equal treatment of staff](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/employee-rights-representation\/equal-treatment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Reasonable accommodation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/employee-rights-representation\/reasonable-accommodation\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Transport sector workers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Civil aviation staff](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/civil-aviation-staff\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Rail staff](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/rail-staff\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Employing road transport workers: driving time and rest periods](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/road-transportation-workers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Seafarers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/seafarers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Inland waterway staff](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/transport-sector-workers\/inland-waterway-staff\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Cross-border and posted workers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/cross-border-posted-workers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Posting staff abroad](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/cross-border-posted-workers\/posting-staff-abroad\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Posted drivers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/cross-border-posted-workers\/drivers\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Hiring cross-border commuters](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/cross-border-posted-workers\/hiring-cross-border-commuters\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Recognition of qualifications](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/human-resources\/cross-border-posted-workers\/recognition-qualifications\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Product requirements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Standards](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/standards\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Standards in Europe](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/standards\/standards-in-europe\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Product compliance](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Identifying product requirements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/identifying-product-requirements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Ecodesign requirements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/ecodesign\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Conformity assessment](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/conformity-assessment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Preparing technical documentation](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/preparing-technical-documentation\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Signing a declaration of conformity](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/signing-declaration-conformity\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Declaration of mutual recognition](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/compliance\/declaration-mutual-recognition\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Labels and markings](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/index_en.htm)\n      - [CE marking](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/ce-marking\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Energy label](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/energy-labels\/index_en.htm)\n      - [WEEE label](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/weee-label\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Footwear Label](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/footwear-label\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Textile Label](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/textile-label\/index_en.htm)\n      - [℮-mark](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/emark\/index_en.htm)\n      - [EU Ecolabel](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/labels-markings\/ecolabel\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Chemicals](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/chemicals\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Registering chemicals (REACH)](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/chemicals\/registering-chemicals-reach\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Classification, labelling and packaging of chemicals](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/chemicals\/classification-labelling-packaging\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Recycling and waste management](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/recycling-waste-management\/index_en.htm)\n      - [WEEE responsibilities](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/recycling-waste-management\/weee-responsibilities\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Single-use plastics](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/recycling-waste-management\/single-use-plastics\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Food labelling](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Food labelling rules](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/general-rules\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Nutrition declaration](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/nutrition-declaration\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Labelling of food supplements](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/supplements\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Food additives](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/additives\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Health and nutrition claims](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/product-requirements\/food-labelling\/health-nutrition-claims\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Finance and funding](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Accounting](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/accounting\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Accounting for SMEs and micro-businesses](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/accounting\/small-micro-businesses\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Making and receiving payments](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/making-receiving-payments\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Cross-border debt recovery](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/making-receiving-payments\/cross-border-debt-recovery\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Electronic and cash payments](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/making-receiving-payments\/electronic-cash-payments\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Late payment](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/making-receiving-payments\/late-payment\/index_en.htm)\n      - [eInvoicing](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/making-receiving-payments\/einvoicing\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Getting funding](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/getting-funding\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Access to EU Finance](https:\/\/youreurope.europa.eu\/business\/finance-funding\/getting-funding\/access-finance\/en)\n      - [EU funding programmes](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/finance-funding\/getting-funding\/eu-funding-programmes\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Dealing with customers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Solving disputes with customers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/solving-disputes\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Alternative dispute resolution](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/solving-disputes\/alternative-dispute-resolution\/index_en.htm)\n      - [European Small Claims procedure](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/solving-disputes\/european-small-claims-procedure\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Consumer contracts and guarantees](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/consumer-contracts-guarantees\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Consumer guarantees](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/consumer-contracts-guarantees\/consumer-guarantees\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Selling products safely in the EU](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/consumer-contracts-guarantees\/selling-products-safely\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Contracts with consumers](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/consumer-contracts-guarantees\/consumer-contracts\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Product liability](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/consumer-contracts-guarantees\/product-liability\/index_en.htm)\n    - [Data protection](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/data-protection\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Data protection under GDPR](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/data-protection\/data-protection-gdpr\/index_en.htm)\n      - [Online privacy](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/business\/dealing-with-customers\/data-protection\/online-privacy\/index_en.htm)\n- [Contact assistance services](https:\/\/asf.youreurope.europa.eu\/?lang=en)\n- [Report an obstacle](https:\/\/fosmo.youreurope.europa.eu\/?lang=en)\n\nUkraine\n\n- Допомога ЄС Україні\n  - [Інформація для людей з України, що шукають порятунку від війни в Україні](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/stronger-europe-world\/eu-solidarity-ukraine\/eu-assistance-ukraine\/information-people-fleeing-war-ukraine_uk)\n  - [Як Ви можете допомогти](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/stronger-europe-world\/eu-solidarity-ukraine\/helping-ukrainians-how-you-can-donate-and-engage_uk#ref-%D1%8F%D0%BA-%D0%B2%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B8)\n  - [Iнформація для бізнесу](https:\/\/clustercollaboration.eu\/content\/eu-clusters-supporting-ukraine)\n- EU assistance to Ukraine\n  - [Information for people fleeing the war in Ukraine](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/stronger-europe-world\/eu-solidarity-ukraine\/eu-assistance-ukraine\/information-people-fleeing-war-ukraine_en)\n  - [How you can help](https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/stronger-europe-world\/eu-solidarity-ukraine\/helping-ukrainians-how-you-can-donate-and-engage_en#how-you-can-help)\n  - [Information for businesses](https:\/\/clustercollaboration.eu\/content\/eu-clusters-supporting-ukraine)\n\n1. [Your Europe](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/index_en.htm)\n2. …\n3. [Citizens](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/index_en.htm)\n4. [Travel](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/index_en.htm)\n5. [What can you take with you?](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/index_en.htm)\n6. Luggage restrictions\n\n# Luggage restrictions\nOn this page\n\n## Hand luggage and hold luggage\nWhen travelling by plane from an airport in the [EU](\"In this case, the 27 EU member states\"), you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding:\n\n- **[Liquids](https:\/\/transport.ec.europa.eu\/transport-modes\/air\/aviation-security\/aviation-security-policy\/liquids-aerosols-and-gels_en)** carried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre - and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and baby food.\n- **Duty free liquids** purchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag.\n- Any **sharp objects** that might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which should be packed in your hold luggage.\n- Limits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel.\n- **Explosives and inflammable** items - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either cabin or checked baggage.\n- No **weapons** of any kind are allowed on board the aircraft.\n\nSee the rules on [prohibited articles](https:\/\/transport.ec.europa.eu\/transport-modes\/air\/aviation-security\/information-air-travellers_en) in your hand and hold luggage.\n\n#### Warning\nCheck your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your airline before travelling.\n\nFor general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being allowed into airport security zones.\n\n## Need support from assistance services?\nGet in touch with specialised assistance services\n\nGet help and advice\n\nYou can also use the **[assistance service finder](https:\/\/asf.youreurope.europa.eu\/?lang=en \"assistance service finder\")** to find the right help for you.\n\nLast checked: 12\/12\/2025\n\nShare this page\n\n- [Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share.php?u=https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm \"Share on Facebook\")\n- [Linkedin](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/sharing\/share-offsite\/?url=https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm \"Share on linkedIn\")\n- [X (Twitter)](https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Luggage%20restrictions&url=https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm \"Share on X\")\n- [e-mail](mailto:?subject=Luggage%20restrictions&body=https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/travel\/carry\/luggage-restrictions\/index_en.htm; \"Share by e-mail\")\n\nFeedback on quality\n\n[Your Europe](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/index_en.htm)\n\nThis site is managed by the Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs and is an official website of the European Union\n\n- Follow us on\n  - [Facebook](https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/YourEurope \"Follow Your Europe on Facebook\")\n  - [Instagram](https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/youreurope\/ \"Follow Your Europe on Instagram\")\n  - [LinkedIn](https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/your-europe-business-showcase\/ \"Follow Your Europe on LinkedIn\")\n  - [X (Twitter)](https:\/\/x.com\/YourEurope \"Follow Your Europe on X\")\n  - [YouTube](https:\/\/youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLmwl0nkG0dPEiXfn6SnoJF0adU3Ccn4QD \"Follow Your Europe on YouTube\")\n- About this site\n  - [What is Your Europe?](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/about\/index_en.htm)\n  - [Contact](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/contact\/index_en.htm)\n  - Print version\n  - Report a problem\n\n![European Union flag](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/images\/ecl\/eu-logo\/eu-logo-en-full.svg)![European Union flag](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/citizens\/images\/ecl\/eu-logo\/eu-logo-en-short.svg)\n\nDiscover more on [europa.eu](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/index_en \"European Union\")\n\n- Contact the EU\n  - [Call us 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11](tel:0080067891011)\n  - [Use other telephone options](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/call-us_en)\n  - [Write to us via our contact form](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/write-us_en)\n  - [Meet us at one of the EU centres](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/meet-us_en)\n  Social media\n  - [Search for EU social media channels](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/contact-eu\/social-media-channels_en)\n- Legal\n  - [Languages on our websites](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/languages-our-websites_en)\n  - [Privacy policy](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/privacy-policy_en)\n  - [Legal notice](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/legal-notice_en)\n  - [Cookies](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/cookies_en)\n  - [Accessibility](https:\/\/europa.eu\/youreurope\/accessibility\/index_en.htm)\n  EU institutions\n  - [Search all EU institutions and bodies](https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/institutions-law-budget\/institutions-and-bodies\/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en)","attrs_readable_markdown":"## Hand luggage and hold luggage\nWhen travelling by plane from an airport in the [EU](\"In this case, the 27 EU member states\"), you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding:\n\n- **[Liquids](https:\/\/transport.ec.europa.eu\/transport-modes\/air\/aviation-security\/aviation-security-policy\/liquids-aerosols-and-gels_en)** carried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre - and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and baby food.\n- **Duty free liquids** purchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag.\n- Any **sharp objects** that might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which should be packed in your hold luggage.\n- Limits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel.\n- **Explosives and inflammable** items - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either cabin or checked baggage.\n- No **weapons** of any kind are allowed on board the aircraft.\n\nSee the rules on [prohibited articles](https:\/\/transport.ec.europa.eu\/transport-modes\/air\/aviation-security\/information-air-travellers_en) in your hand and hold luggage.\n\n#### Warning\nCheck your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your airline before travelling.\n\nFor general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being allowed into airport security zones.","meta_canonical":null}

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Meta Description	Hand luggage and hold luggage
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	Hand luggage and hold luggage When travelling by plane from an airport in the EU , you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding: Liquids carried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre - and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and baby food. Duty free liquids purchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag. Any sharp objects that might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which should be packed in your hold luggage. Limits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel. Explosives and inflammable items - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either cabin or checked baggage. No weapons of any kind are allowed on board the aircraft. See the rules on prohibited articles in your hand and hold luggage. Warning Check your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your airline before travelling. For general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being allowed into airport security zones.
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[Planned medical treatment abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/planned-healthcare/index_en.htm) - [Organising planned medical treatment abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/planned-healthcare/right-to-treatment/index_en.htm) - [Expenses and reimbursements: planned medical treatment abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/planned-healthcare/expenses-reimbursements/index_en.htm) - [Information points for cross-border healthcare](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/planned-healthcare/get-more-info/index_en.htm) - [Buying medicine in another EU country](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/prescription-medicine-abroad/index_en.htm) - [Presenting a prescription in another EU country](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/prescription-medicine-abroad/prescriptions/index_en.htm) - [Prescriptions abroad: expenses and reimbursements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/prescription-medicine-abroad/expenses-reimbursements/index_en.htm) - [Buying medicine online](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/prescription-medicine-abroad/buying-medicines-online/index_en.htm) - [Health coverage when living abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/when-living-abroad/index_en.htm) - [Your health insurance cover](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/when-living-abroad/health-insurance-cover/index_en.htm) - [Moving to a residential care home](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/when-living-abroad/residential-care-home/index_en.htm) - [Preventive healthcare](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/health/when-living-abroad/preventive-healthcare/index_en.htm) - [Family](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/index_en.htm) - [Children](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/children/index_en.htm) - [Parental responsibility](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/children/parental-responsibility/index_en.htm) - [Adoption](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/children/adoption/index_en.htm) - [Child abduction](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/children/abduction/index_en.htm) - [Rules on surrogacy](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/children/rules-on-surrogacy/index_en.htm) - [Couples](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/index_en.htm) - [Marriage](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/marriage/index_en.htm) - [Registered partnerships](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/registered-partners/index_en.htm) - [Unmarried couples](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/de-facto-unions/index_en.htm) - [Divorce and legal separation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/divorce-separation/index_en.htm) - [Maintenance obligations - support for family members](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/maintenance/index_en.htm) - [Property regimes for international couples](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/property-regimes-international-couples/index_en.htm) - [Getting your public documents accepted in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/couple/getting-public-documents-accepted/index_en.htm) - [Death, repatriation and cross-border inheritance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/inheritances/index_en.htm) - [Managing a cross-border inheritance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/inheritances/managing-inheritance/index_en.htm) - [Planning your cross-border inheritance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/inheritances/planning-inheritance/index_en.htm) - [Death and repatriation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/family/inheritances/death-repatriation/index_en.htm) - [Consumers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/index_en.htm) - [Shopping](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/index_en.htm) - [Contract information](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/contract-information/index_en.htm) - [Guarantees](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/guarantees/index_en.htm) - [Commercial guarantee of durability](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/commercial-guarantee-durability/index_en.htm) - [Returns](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/returns/index_en.htm) - [Pricing and payments](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/pricing-payments/index_en.htm) - [Shipping and delivery](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/shipping-delivery/index_en.htm) - [Your rights when shopping](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/shopping-consumer-rights/index_en.htm) - [VAT – Value Added Tax](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/vat/index_en.htm) - [Product safety](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/product-safety/index_en.htm) - [Energy labels](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/shopping/energy-labels/index_en.htm) - [Internet and telecoms](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/index_en.htm) - [Roaming: Using a mobile phone in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/mobile-roaming-costs/index_en.htm) - [Accessing online content abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/access-online-content-abroad/index_en.htm) - [Fixed line telephone services](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/telecommunication-services/index_en.htm) - [Using and accessing the internet](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/internet-access/index_en.htm) - [Data protection and online privacy](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/internet-telecoms/data-protection-online-privacy/index_en.htm) - [Financial products and services](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/index_en.htm) - [Bank accounts in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/bank-accounts-eu/index_en.htm) - [Consumer credits and loans](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/consumer-credits-and-loans/index_en.htm) - [Insurance products](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/insurance-products/index_en.htm) - [Investment products](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/investment-products/index_en.htm) - [Mortgage loans](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/mortgages/index_en.htm) - [Payments, transfers and cheques](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/payments-transfers-cheques/index_en.htm) - [Investments in another EU country](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/investments-in-another-eu-country/index_en.htm) - [Unfair treatment](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/unfair-treatment/index_en.htm) - [Unfair commercial practices](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/unfair-treatment/unfair-commercial-practices/index_en.htm) - [Unfair pricing](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/unfair-treatment/unfair-pricing/index_en.htm) - [Unfair contract terms](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/unfair-treatment/unfair-contract-terms/index_en.htm) - [Energy supply](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/energy-supply/index_en.htm) - [Access to and use of energy services](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/energy-supply/access-use-energy-services/index_en.htm) - [Contracts and energy consumption](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/energy-supply/contracts-energy-consumption/index_en.htm) - [Complaints and dispute resolution](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/energy-supply/complaints-dispute-resolution/index_en.htm) - [Consumer dispute resolution](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/consumers-dispute-resolution/index_en.htm) - [Informal/alternative dispute resolution for consumers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/consumers-dispute-resolution/informal-alternative-dispute-resolution/index_en.htm) - [Formal legal action for consumers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/consumers-dispute-resolution/formal-legal-actions/index_en.htm) - [Doing business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/index_en.htm) - [Running a business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/index_en.htm) - [Startups](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/start-ups/index_en.htm) - [Starting a business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/start-ups/starting-business/index_en.htm) - [Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/start-ups/erasmus-young-entrepreneurs/index_en.htm) - [Developing a business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/index_en.htm) - [Setting up a European Company (SE)](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/setting-up-european-company/index_en.htm) - [Setting up a European Cooperative Society](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/setting-up-european-cooperative-society/index_en.htm) - [Restructuring across EU borders](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/restructuring-across-eu-borders/index_en.htm) - [EMAS registration](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/emas-registration/index_en.htm) - [Free flow of non-personal data](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/free-flow-non-personal-data/index_en.htm) - [Investments in another EU country](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/investments-other-eu-country/index_en.htm) - [Registration, permits and licences](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/registration-permits-licences/index_en.htm) - [Running a business in the tourism industry](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/tourism/index_en.htm) - [Biotech and biomanufacturing](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/developing-business/biotech/index_en.htm) - [Digitalising a business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/index_en.htm) - [Setting up a business website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/setting-up-business-website/index_en.htm) - [Selling online using third-party platforms](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/selling-online-third-party-platforms/index_en.htm) - [Setting up an online shop](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/setting-up-online-shop/index_en.htm) - [Securing a website](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/securing-website/index_en.htm) - [Deliveries and fulfilment for online sales](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/deliveries-fulfilment-online-sales/index_en.htm) - [Customer service for online businesses](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/customer-service-online-businesses/index_en.htm) - [Promoting a business online](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/digitalising/promoting-business-online/index_en.htm) - [Intellectual property](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/index_en.htm) - [Intellectual property rights](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/rights/index_en.htm) - [Patents](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/patents/index_en.htm) - [Trade marks](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/trade-marks/index_en.htm) - [Copyright](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/copyright/index_en.htm) - [Trade secrets](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/trade-secrets/index_en.htm) - [Design protection](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/design-protection/index_en.htm) - [Website domains](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/website-domains/index_en.htm) - [Database protection](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/database-protection/index_en.htm) - [Geographical indications](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/geographical-indications/index_en.htm) - [Licensing and selling intellectual property](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/licensing-selling/index_en.htm) - [Infringement of intellectual property rights](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/intellectual-property/infringement/index_en.htm) - [Governance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/governance/index_en.htm) - [Gender balance on company boards](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/governance/gender-balance-boards/index_en.htm) - [Liability of company directors](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/governance/liability-company-directors/index_en.htm) - [EU support tools for SMEs](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/eu-support-tools-sme/index_en.htm) - [Closing a business](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/running-business/closing-business/index_en.htm) - [Taxation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/index_en.htm) - [Excise duties](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/excise-duties-eu/index_en.htm) - [Products subject to excise duties](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/excise-duties-eu/product-excise-duties/index_en.htm) - [Paying excise duties](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/excise-duties-eu/paying-excise-duties/index_en.htm) - [VAT](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/index_en.htm) - [VAT rules and rates](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/vat-rules-rates/index_en.htm) - [Charging and deducting VAT](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/charging-deducting-vat/index_en.htm) - [VAT exemptions](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/vat-exemptions/index_en.htm) - [VAT refunds](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/vat-refunds/index_en.htm) - [Cross-border VAT](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/cross-border-vat/index_en.htm) - [Check a VAT number (VIES)](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/check-vat-number-vies/index_en.htm) - [EU VAT One Stop Shop (OSS)](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/one-stop-shop/index_en.htm) - [Business tax](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/business-tax/index_en.htm) - [Company tax in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/business-tax/company-tax-eu/index_en.htm) - [Taxes on parent companies and subsidiaries](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/business-tax/taxes-parent-companies-subsidiaries/index_en.htm) - [Selling in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/index_en.htm) - [Public contracts](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/public-contracts/index_en.htm) - [Public tendering rules](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/public-contracts/public-tendering-rules/index_en.htm) - [Search and bid for a public contract](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/public-contracts/search-bid-public-tender/index_en.htm) - [Request a review of a public procurement procedure](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/public-contracts/request-review-public-procurement-procedure/index_en.htm) - [Selling goods and services](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/index_en.htm) - [Selling products in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/selling-products-eu/index_en.htm) - [Accessibility requirements for services and products](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/accessibility/index_en.htm) - [Providing services abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/provide-services-abroad/index_en.htm) - [E-commerce, distance and off-premises selling](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/ecommerce-distance-selling/index_en.htm) - [Package travel and linked travel arrangements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/package-travel/index_en.htm) - [Parcel services](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/parcel-services/index_en.htm) - [Export credit insurance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/selling-goods-services/export-credit-insurance/index_en.htm) - [Competition between businesses](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/competition-between-businesses/index_en.htm) - [Competition rules in the EU](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/competition-between-businesses/competition-rules-eu/index_en.htm) - [Reporting anti-competitive behaviour](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/selling-in-eu/competition-between-businesses/anti-competitive-behaviour/index_en.htm) - [Human resources](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/index_en.htm) - [General employment terms and conditions](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/index_en.htm) - [Terms of employment](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/employment-terms/index_en.htm) - [Changes to staff contracts](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/changes-staff-contract/index_en.htm) - [Working hours](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/working-hours/index_en.htm) - [Leave and flexible working](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/leave-flexible-working/index_en.htm) - [Terminating employment contracts](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/general-employment-terms-conditions/terminating-employment-contracts/index_en.htm) - [Types of employment arrangements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/index_en.htm) - [Fixed-term work](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/fixed-term-work/index_en.htm) - [Part-time work](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/part-time-work/index_en.htm) - [Temporary agency work](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/temporary-agency-work/index_en.htm) - [Seasonal workers from non-EU countries](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/seasonal-workers-non-eu-countries/index_en.htm) - [Teenage workers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/types-employment-arrangements/teenage-workers/index_en.htm) - [Social security and health](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/social-security-health/index_en.htm) - [Registering as an employer in another EU country](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/social-security-health/registering-employer/index_en.htm) - [Paying social security contributions](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/social-security-health/paying-contributions/index_en.htm) - [Employer pension obligations](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/social-security-health/pensions/index_en.htm) - [Health and safety at work](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/social-security-health/work-safety/index_en.htm) - [Employee rights and representation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/employee-rights-representation/index_en.htm) - [Staff representation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/employee-rights-representation/staff-representation/index_en.htm) - [Inform and consult staff](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/employee-rights-representation/inform-consult-staff/index_en.htm) - [Equal treatment of staff](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/employee-rights-representation/equal-treatment/index_en.htm) - [Reasonable accommodation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/employee-rights-representation/reasonable-accommodation/index_en.htm) - [Transport sector workers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/index_en.htm) - [Civil aviation staff](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/civil-aviation-staff/index_en.htm) - [Rail staff](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/rail-staff/index_en.htm) - [Employing road transport workers: driving time and rest periods](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/road-transportation-workers/index_en.htm) - [Seafarers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/seafarers/index_en.htm) - [Inland waterway staff](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/transport-sector-workers/inland-waterway-staff/index_en.htm) - [Cross-border and posted workers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/cross-border-posted-workers/index_en.htm) - [Posting staff abroad](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/cross-border-posted-workers/posting-staff-abroad/index_en.htm) - [Posted drivers](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/cross-border-posted-workers/drivers/index_en.htm) - [Hiring cross-border commuters](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/cross-border-posted-workers/hiring-cross-border-commuters/index_en.htm) - [Recognition of qualifications](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/human-resources/cross-border-posted-workers/recognition-qualifications/index_en.htm) - [Product requirements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/index_en.htm) - [Standards](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/standards/index_en.htm) - [Standards in Europe](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/standards/standards-in-europe/index_en.htm) - [Product compliance](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/index_en.htm) - [Identifying product requirements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/identifying-product-requirements/index_en.htm) - [Ecodesign requirements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/ecodesign/index_en.htm) - [Conformity assessment](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/conformity-assessment/index_en.htm) - [Preparing technical documentation](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/preparing-technical-documentation/index_en.htm) - [Signing a declaration of conformity](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/signing-declaration-conformity/index_en.htm) - [Declaration of mutual recognition](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/compliance/declaration-mutual-recognition/index_en.htm) - [Labels and markings](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/index_en.htm) - [CE marking](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/ce-marking/index_en.htm) - [Energy label](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/energy-labels/index_en.htm) - [WEEE label](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/weee-label/index_en.htm) - [Footwear Label](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/footwear-label/index_en.htm) - [Textile Label](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/textile-label/index_en.htm) - [℮-mark](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/emark/index_en.htm) - [EU Ecolabel](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/ecolabel/index_en.htm) - [Chemicals](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/chemicals/index_en.htm) - [Registering chemicals (REACH)](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/chemicals/registering-chemicals-reach/index_en.htm) - [Classification, labelling and packaging of chemicals](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/chemicals/classification-labelling-packaging/index_en.htm) - [Recycling and waste management](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/recycling-waste-management/index_en.htm) - [WEEE responsibilities](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/recycling-waste-management/weee-responsibilities/index_en.htm) - [Single-use plastics](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/recycling-waste-management/single-use-plastics/index_en.htm) - [Food labelling](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/index_en.htm) - [Food labelling rules](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/general-rules/index_en.htm) - [Nutrition declaration](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/nutrition-declaration/index_en.htm) - [Labelling of food supplements](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/supplements/index_en.htm) - [Food additives](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/additives/index_en.htm) - [Health and nutrition claims](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/food-labelling/health-nutrition-claims/index_en.htm) - [Finance and funding](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/finance-funding/index_en.htm) - [Accounting](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/finance-funding/accounting/index_en.htm) - [Accounting for SMEs and micro-businesses](https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/finance-funding/accounting/small-micro-businesses/index_en.htm) - 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[Як Ви можете допомогти](https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world/eu-solidarity-ukraine/helping-ukrainians-how-you-can-donate-and-engage_uk#ref-%D1%8F%D0%BA-%D0%B2%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B8) - [Iнформація для бізнесу](https://clustercollaboration.eu/content/eu-clusters-supporting-ukraine) - EU assistance to Ukraine - [Information for people fleeing the war in Ukraine](https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world/eu-solidarity-ukraine/eu-assistance-ukraine/information-people-fleeing-war-ukraine_en) - [How you can help](https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world/eu-solidarity-ukraine/helping-ukrainians-how-you-can-donate-and-engage_en#how-you-can-help) - [Information for businesses](https://clustercollaboration.eu/content/eu-clusters-supporting-ukraine) 1. [Your Europe](https://europa.eu/youreurope/index_en.htm) 2. … 3. [Citizens](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/index_en.htm) 4. [Travel](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/index_en.htm) 5. [What can you take with you?](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/index_en.htm) 6. Luggage restrictions # Luggage restrictions On this page ## Hand luggage and hold luggage When travelling by plane from an airport in the [EU]("In this case, the 27 EU member states"), you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding: - [Liquids](https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-modes/air/aviation-security/aviation-security-policy/liquids-aerosols-and-gels_en) carried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre - and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and baby food. - Duty free liquids purchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag. - Any sharp objects that might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which should be packed in your hold luggage. - Limits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel. - Explosives and inflammable items - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either cabin or checked baggage. - No weapons of any kind are allowed on board the aircraft. See the rules on [prohibited articles](https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-modes/air/aviation-security/information-air-travellers_en) in your hand and hold luggage. #### Warning Check your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your airline before travelling. For general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being allowed into airport security zones. ## Need support from assistance services? Get in touch with specialised assistance services Get help and advice You can also use the [assistance service finder](https://asf.youreurope.europa.eu/?lang=en "assistance service finder") to find the right help for you. Last checked: 12/12/2025 Share this page - [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm "Share on Facebook") - [Linkedin](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm "Share on linkedIn") - [X (Twitter)](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Luggage%20restrictions&url=https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm "Share on X") - [e-mail](mailto:?subject=Luggage%20restrictions&body=https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/carry/luggage-restrictions/index_en.htm; "Share by e-mail") Feedback on quality [Your Europe](https://europa.eu/youreurope/index_en.htm) This site is managed by the Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs and is an official website of the European Union - Follow us on - [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/YourEurope "Follow Your Europe on Facebook") - [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/youreurope/ "Follow Your Europe on Instagram") - [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/your-europe-business-showcase/ "Follow Your Europe on LinkedIn") - [X (Twitter)](https://x.com/YourEurope "Follow Your Europe on X") - [YouTube](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmwl0nkG0dPEiXfn6SnoJF0adU3Ccn4QD "Follow Your Europe on YouTube") - About this site - [What is Your Europe?](https://europa.eu/youreurope/about/index_en.htm) - [Contact](https://europa.eu/youreurope/contact/index_en.htm) - Print version - Report a problem ![European Union flag](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/images/ecl/eu-logo/eu-logo-en-full.svg)![European Union flag](https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/images/ecl/eu-logo/eu-logo-en-short.svg) Discover more on [europa.eu](https://european-union.europa.eu/index_en "European Union") - Contact the EU - [Call us 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11](tel:0080067891011) - [Use other telephone options](https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/call-us_en) - [Write to us via our contact form](https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/write-us_en) - [Meet us at one of the EU centres](https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_en) Social media - [Search for EU social media channels](https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/social-media-channels_en) - Legal - [Languages on our websites](https://european-union.europa.eu/languages-our-websites_en) - [Privacy policy](https://european-union.europa.eu/privacy-policy_en) - [Legal notice](https://european-union.europa.eu/legal-notice_en) - [Cookies](https://european-union.europa.eu/cookies_en) - [Accessibility](https://europa.eu/youreurope/accessibility/index_en.htm) EU institutions - [Search all EU institutions and bodies](https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en)
Readable Markdown	## Hand luggage and hold luggage When travelling by plane from an airport in the [EU]("In this case, the 27 EU member states"), you should keep in mind certain security requirements when packing and boarding: - [Liquids](https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-modes/air/aviation-security/aviation-security-policy/liquids-aerosols-and-gels_en) carried in the aircraft cabin such as aerosols, drinks, toothpaste, cosmetic creams or gels must be carried in a transparent plastic bag - maximum capacity 1 litre - and no container may hold more than 100 ml. Liquid containers larger than 100 ml must be placed in checked baggage. The volume restriction does not apply to medicines and baby food. - Duty free liquids purchased from any airport or airline may be carried as hand luggage as long as the item and the receipt remain sealed inside the security bag (with a red border) provided at the time of purchase. You may not open the security bag until arrival at your final destination. However, security officers may need to open the bag and the bottles for screening. If this happens, and you have a connecting flight at another airport, tell the security officer so the liquids can be re-sealed in a new security bag. - Any sharp objects that might be used as weapons are not allowed in the aircraft cabin. These could be everyday objects such as corkscrews knives and scissors of a certain size, which should be packed in your hold luggage. - Limits on the size of cabin baggage and the number of items you are allowed to take on board are set by the airlines so check with your airline before you travel. - Explosives and inflammable items - fireworks or aerosol spray paint for example, and other inflammable and toxic substances such as acids - are prohibited on flights. They may not be carried in either cabin or checked baggage. - No weapons of any kind are allowed on board the aircraft. See the rules on [prohibited articles](https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-modes/air/aviation-security/information-air-travellers_en) in your hand and hold luggage. #### Warning Check your airport's website for a detailed list of prohibited items or ask your airline before travelling. For general safety, all travel items are scanned or otherwise checked before being allowed into airport security zones.
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