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URLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)
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Valentino OMRI OML Valentino at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival Born Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani 11 May 1932 Voghera , Lombardy, Italy Died 19 January 2026 (aged 93) Rome , Italy Education Beaux-Arts de Paris École de la Chambre Syndicale Label Valentino Partner Giancarlo Giammetti (1960–2025) Awards Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour Knight of the Legion of Honour Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters Medal of the City of Paris Website valentino .com Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani ( Italian: [valenˈtiːno ɡaraˈvaːni] ; 11 May 1932 – 19 January 2026), known mononymously as Valentino , was an Italian fashion designer who founded Valentino S.p.A. , a luxury fashion house , in 1960 and served as its creative director until 2007. A flamboyant designer noted for his retro pieces and celebrity collaborations, he is regarded as one of the preeminent figures in haute couture . Born in Voghera , Valentino apprenticed in fashion design at a young age before moving to Paris to continue his studies. After attending the Beaux-Arts de Paris and the École de la Chambre Syndicale , he began his career at Jean Dessès and Guy Laroche , later returning to Rome to work under Emilio Schuberth and Vincenzo Ferdinandi . He had opened his own fashion house on Via Condotti in 1960, achieving international recognition during the mid‑1960s. The Valentino brand continued to establish itself as a leading force in high fashion throughout the 1970s and 1980s, at one point becoming the best-selling Italian fashion export. He was the first Italian designer to feature on Parisian haute couture catwalks . His work further established itself as a staple of celebrity culture during the 1990s. Valentino and his partner, Giancarlo Giammetti , sold the company to HdP Group for US$300   million in 1998. He presented his final haute couture show in 2008, having stepped down as creative director the previous year. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1986 and a Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour in 1996, and was also made a Knight of the Legion of Honour and a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in France, where he received the Medal of the City of Paris . Early life and education [ edit ] Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani was born on 11 May 1932 in Voghera , in the region of Lombardy , to Mauro Garavani and Teresa de Biaggi. [ 1 ] His mother named him after Rudolph Valentino , a matinée idol of the 1920s. [ 2 ] He developed an interest in fashion while still at primary school in Voghera, apprenticing under his aunt Rosa and local designer Ernestina Salvadeo, an aunt of the artist Aldo Giorgini . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] He later moved to Paris to pursue this interest with the support of his parents, where he studied at the Beaux-Arts and the École de la Chambre Syndicale , aged 18. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959) [ edit ] Rosso Valentino       Color coordinates Hex triplet #E4002B sRGB B ( r , g , b ) (228, 0, 43) CMYK H ( c , m , y , k ) (0, 100, 80, 0) HSV ( h , s , v ) (349°, 100%, 89%) CIELCh uv ( L , C , h ) (48, 154, 10°) Source valentino.com: Chiffon Short Dress B : Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H : Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) Valentino secured a position with Jean Dessès for an apprenticeship in Paris when 19, [ 6 ] having first joined Jacques Fath , followed by Balenciaga and Dior . [ 7 ] [ 8 ] While an apprentice with Dessès, he assisted Countess Jacqueline de Ribes by sketching her dress ideas. [ 9 ] After five years, Valentino departed following an incident during an extended holiday in Saint-Tropez . [ 6 ] He joined his friend Guy Laroche in 1956. [ 10 ] After discussions with his parents, [ 6 ] he opted to return to Italy and established himself in Rome in 1959, first as a pupil of Emilio Schuberth and then as a collaborator in Vincenzo Ferdinandi 's atelier , prior to opening his own fashion house. [ 11 ] Founding of Valentino (1960–1961) [ edit ] Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli , Valentino's Roman residence In 1960, Valentino left Paris and opened a fashion house in Rome on the fashionable Via Condotti , supported by his father and a business associate. [ 12 ] More than a simple atelier, his father said the premises resembled a maison de haute couture ( lit.   ' house of haute couture ' ); [ 13 ] the operation was notably grand, with models flown in from Paris for his debut show. [ 13 ] Valentino soon became known for his red dresses, in the vivid shade that the fashion industry remembered as Rosso Valentino . [ 14 ] On 31 July 1960, Valentino met Giancarlo Giammetti at the Café de Paris on the Via Veneto in Rome. [ 15 ] Giammetti, one of three children, was in his second year of architecture school and living with his parents in the haut bourgeois Parioli district. [ 12 ] That day, he gave Valentino a lift home in his Fiat , beginning a friendship that soon developed into a long‑lasting partnership. [ 12 ] Giammetti left for a holiday in Capri the following day and, by coincidence, Valentino was also travelling there; they met again on the island 10 days later. Shortly afterwards, Giammetti abandoned his university studies to become Valentino's business partner and life partner . When he joined the enterprise, the financial situation of Valentino's atelier was precarious: within a year, Valentino's excessive expenditure led his father's associate to withdraw from the business, leaving him close to bankruptcy. [ 16 ] In 1961, Elizabeth Taylor , who was in Rome for the filming of Cleopatra , chose Valentino's white haute couture column for the premiere of Spartacus . [ 13 ] Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969) [ edit ] Valentino's international debut took place in 1962 in Florence , then the Italian fashion capital. [ 5 ] Former first lady of the United States , Jacqueline Kennedy , had seen Gloria Schiff —the twin sister of the Rome-based fashion editor of American Vogue and Valentino's friend Consuelo Crespi —wearing a two-piece ensemble in black organza at a gathering in 1964. It made such an impression that Kennedy contacted Schiff to learn the name of the ensemble's designer: Valentino. In September 1964, Valentino was in the United States to present a collection of his work at a charity ball at the Waldorf-Astoria New York . Kennedy wanted to view the collection but could not attend the event, so Valentino decided to send a model, sales representative, and a selection of key pieces from his collection to Kennedy's apartment on Fifth Avenue . Kennedy ordered six of his haute couture dresses, all in black-and-white, and wore them during her year of mourning following the assassination of her husband, President John F. Kennedy . From then on, she became a devoted client and friend of Valentino. [ 17 ] Valentino later designed the white gown worn by Kennedy at her wedding to Greek business magnate Aristotle Onassis . [ 18 ] In 1966, he moved his shows from Florence to Rome, where the following year he produced an all-white collection that became famous for the "V" logo he designed. [ 19 ] [ 18 ] His all-white couture collection of 1968 set him "solidly in the firmature of Italian design", described by Vogue as "the talk of Europe". [ 13 ] He was the first Italian designer to feature in the Paris haute couture scene. [ 20 ] Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979) [ edit ] A dress worn by Audrey Hepburn at The Proust Ball at Château de Ferrières in 1971 Throughout the 1970s, Valentino's womenswear for both couture and ready-to-wear generally followed the trends of the time, opening the decade with an emphasis on midi-skirts worn over miniskirts ; [ 21 ] [ 22 ] fitted, knee-high boots; trousers; [ 23 ] and foreign looks. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] In 1971, he paired more brightly colored midis and knee-length skirts with that year's vogue for hot pants , [ 24 ] [ 25 ] also continuing to show trousers like culottes and knickers with the gently flared standard trouser of the time. [ 26 ] He was noted for his tailored clothes. [ 26 ] The 1940s revival was his focus for a time, [ 25 ] and Valentino showed platform shoes , [ 24 ] padded shoulders , and knee-length skirts, [ 25 ] all along with occasional forays into 1930s and 1950s styles, [ 26 ] kept modern by an emphasis on pants. [ 26 ] In 1972, he started the year favoring trousers but ended it showing only skirts, [ 27 ] including being one of the only designers to present day dresses in a period dominated by separates . [ 28 ] He endorsed the favored full sleeves and layering that were seen on many runways and continued to move away from his trademark monotone or bicolor palette—often cream or red. [ 29 ] [ 26 ] [ 22 ] [ 24 ] [ 23 ] [ 27 ] A knee-length, square-shouldered 1940s revival was prevalent again in 1973, [ 30 ] [ 31 ] continuing with bright prints, including a Bakst influence. [ 30 ] During this era, his evening styles were often ruffled and sometimes had asymmetric hems, [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 29 ] [ 32 ] [ 24 ] other times a single, barely discernible letter on a belt or scarf. [ 23 ] The mid-1970s move toward fuller peasant silhouettes was seen in Valentino's work somewhat— dirndl skirts, [ 33 ] off-the-shoulder flounces , petticoats , [ 34 ] blousons , [ 35 ] shawls , [ 36 ] ponchos , [ 33 ] and layering [ 37 ] —but he deemphasized the look's characteristic boots and was sometimes criticized for including styles that were too heavily constructed and stiff in this period of minimal construction and flowing shapes, [ 37 ] [ 33 ] [ 38 ] as well as for emphasizing conspicuous-consumption wealth projection during the more egalitarian atmosphere of the time. [ 36 ] He then returned to his serviceable presentation of monochrome and bicolor garment groupings. [ 37 ] With the Fall 1978 move towards big shoulders, formal suits, and a more conspicuous consumption , mid–20th century retro style , Valentino presented shapes that echoed the big shoulders of the 1930s and adopted the seductive styles being favored by designers in narrow, slit skirts and black bras worn on their own under padded-shoulder jackets. [ 39 ] [ 40 ] [ 41 ] Along with many other designers, he continued to show this style the following year in stiffly structured, broad-shouldered jackets and dresses presented with retro accessories such as hats, gloves, and cinch belts. [ 42 ] [ 43 ] This padded-shoulder, high-glamour style would continue to dominate fashion into the 1980s and bring Valentino unprecedented fame. [ 44 ] Throughout the 1970s, Valentino spent considerable time in New York City , where his presence was embraced by society personalities such as Vogue ' s editor-in-chief Diana Vreeland and the art icon Andy Warhol . [ 45 ] Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989) [ edit ] Valentino is one of the favorite designers of actress Joan Collins , [ 46 ] famous as one of the stars of the popular U.S. television show Dynasty (1981–1989), bringing the designer additional visibility and name recognition among the public. [ 47 ] [ 48 ] The era's conspicuous consumption, 1940s and 1950s–inspired ballgowns , cocktail dresses , [ 49 ] and broad-shouldered, sharply tailored suits were taken up with aplomb by Valentino, [ 50 ] [ 51 ] whose style at the time was similar to that of Givenchy and Oscar de la Renta . [ 52 ] [ 53 ] Valentino (center) with Ornella Vanoni and Anna Bonomi Bolchini A few themes remained constant throughout his eighties collections: his familiar color groupings; [ 54 ] [ 55 ] [ 56 ] his penchant for blatant displays of luxury, wealth, and opulence; [ 57 ] [ 58 ] [ 59 ] [ 60 ] [ 61 ] broad shoulder padding ; [ 62 ] [ 63 ] and a more comfortable cut than he was showing at the start of the big-shoulder era at the end of the 1970s. [ 64 ] He continued to show his ready-to-wear collections in Paris and his couture collections in Rome. [ 65 ] From 1983 to 1985, Valentino contributed a Valentino Edition to the Continental line of U.S. carmaker Lincoln . [ 66 ] [ 67 ] [ 68 ] [ 69 ] The uniforms worn by Italian athletes at the 1984 Summer Olympics , held in Los Angeles, were designed by Valentino. [ 70 ] In 1986, Vogue reported that Valentino was the largest Italian fashion exporter, with international sales of US$385 million. [ 13 ] In the first half of the 1980s, he mostly followed the short, narrow skirt line with broad-shouldered tops also followed by Yves Saint Laurent , Givenchy, Emanuel Ungaro , and others, [ 71 ] [ 72 ] [ 73 ] but also presented longer, looser looks, [ 74 ] [ 66 ] the chemise dresses of the era, [ 75 ] [ 76 ] and a variety of pant shapes. [ 77 ] During the mid-1980s, the fashion press and buyers often rated him higher than other Paris designers, [ 78 ] [ 79 ] [ 64 ] [ 80 ] ranking him with Saint Laurent and Karl Lagerfeld . [ 78 ] [ 72 ] [ 81 ] He felt confident enough with this elevated stature that, in 1985, he added his moniker to a line of designer jeans. [ 59 ] Like other designers, he showed a variety of miniskirts throughout the eighties among his other lengths and garments, [ 57 ] and he joined the rest of the fashion world in 1987–88 in showing almost exclusively mini lengths for two seasons and then followed his colleagues by the end of 1988 in retreating from an exclusive mini-length focus. [ 80 ] [ 82 ] [ 83 ] [ 84 ] Accademia Valentino (1990–1997) [ edit ] 1990 marked the opening of the Accademia Valentino, designed by architect Tommaso Ziffer , a cultural space located near Valentino's atelier in Rome for the presentation of art exhibitions. The next year—encouraged by their friend Elizabeth Taylor —Valentino Garavani and Giancarlo Giammetti created L.I.F.E., an association for the support of HIV/AIDS –related patients, which benefitted from the activities of the Accademia Valentino. [ 85 ] Throughout the 1990s, his work was seen as the antithesis of the dominant grunge trend, while becoming a staple of the rising celebrity culture . [ 13 ] Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008) [ edit ] A wedding dress by Valentino In 1998, Valentino and his partner Giammetti sold the company for approximately US$300 million to HdP , an Italian conglomerate controlled, in part, by Gianni Agnelli . [ 86 ] In 2002, Valentino S.p.A.—with revenues of more than $180 million—was sold by HdP to Milan-based textiles giant Marzotto Group for $210 million, including lucrative deals for Valentino and Giammetti. [ 87 ] The brand was owned by private equity group Permira from 2007 onwards, which had acquired the brand from the Marzotto Group for $3.5 billion. [ 88 ] It was later sold to the Qatari royal family for € 700 million through an investment vehicle called Mayhoola for Investments . [ 89 ] On 4 September 2007, Valentino announced that he would retire fully in January 2008 from the world stage after his final haute couture show in Paris. [ 90 ] In October, he delivered his last women's ready-to-wear show in Paris, where he received a standing ovation . [ 91 ] His last haute couture show was presented in Paris at the Musée Rodin on 23 January 2008. The show was somewhat marred by his criticism of fellow Italian design duo Dolce & Gabbana and the death of Australian actor Heath Ledger , [ 92 ] although he received a five-minute standing ovation from an audience that included hundreds of notable names from all areas of show business. [ 93 ] Many models returned to attend Valentino's last haute couture show; the audience included Eva Herzigová , Naomi Campbell , Claudia Schiffer , Nadja Auermann , Karolína Kurková , and Karen Mulder . [ 94 ] In September 2007, Valentino decided to depart his role as creative director. Maria Grazia Chiuri and Pierpaolo Piccioli were at that point first nominated as creative directors of all accessories lines. before Valentino returned to fulfill his roles in 2009 after the sacking of Alessandra Facchinetti in a public feud with Valentino and Giammetti. [ 95 ] [ 96 ] [ 97 ] In July 2016, Piccioli assumed the role as Chiuri departed. [ 98 ] In March 2024, it was announced that Alessandro Michele would take over as creative director following his departure from Gucci . [ 99 ] Valentino's yacht moored in Porto Santo Stefano , Monte Argentario, Tuscany, Italy In 2006, Valentino appeared in a cameo role as himself in the hit film The Devil Wears Prada . [ 100 ] Valentino: The Last Emperor , a feature-length documentary film on the designer, premiered at the 2008 Venice International Film Festival . [ 101 ] Produced and directed by Matt Tyrnauer —special correspondent for Vanity Fair magazine —the film follows Valentino and his inner circle throughout various events, including an anniversary show celebrating his 45-year career. [ 102 ] [ 103 ] From June 2005 to July 2007, 250 hours of footage was shot with exclusive, unprecedented access to Valentino and his entourage; Tyrnauer said "we were let in to the inner circle, but we had to stick it out for a long time, practically move in, to capture the truly great moments. [...] Valentino is surrounded by a tight-knit family of friends and employees, but, eventually, their guard came down and they forgot there was a camera crew in the room." The film had its North American premiere at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on 18 March. [ 104 ] The success of the film led to an increase in Hollywood fashion documentaries throughout the 2010s. [ 102 ] A collection of black dresses by Valentino at the Museo Ara Pacis in Rome Valentino was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1985, upgraded to Knight Grand Cross in 1986—the highest-ranking Italian honour —and a Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour in 1996. [ 11 ] In July 2006, French president Jacques Chirac named Valentino a Knight of the Legion of Honour , the highest French order of chivalry . [ 105 ] During the festivities for the 45th year of Valentino's international career in 2007, the Mayor of Rome — Walter Veltroni —announced that the site of the Valentino Museum would be a building near the Circus Maximus , which Valentino later snubbed in favour of a museum in Paris following the election of Gianni Alemanno , and awarded him with the freedom of the city of Rome. [ 106 ] In 2008, Valentino was presented with the Medal of the City of Paris for his services to Parisian fashion. [ 107 ] In 2012, he was named a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters . [ 107 ] In September 2011, Valentino was presented with the sixth annual "Couture Council Award for Artistry of Fashion" from the Fashion Institute of Technology . [ 108 ] In 2017, Valentino was the recipient of a Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement , presented by Jeremy Irons . [ 109 ] [ 110 ] In 2023, Valentino won the "Outstanding Achievement Award" at the Fashion Awards . [ 111 ] [ 112 ] [ 113 ] [ 114 ] Valentino and Giancarlo Giammetti shared homes and apartments around the world, including — Château de Wideville , Valentino's château in Crespières , near Paris Villa on the Via Appia Antica , a historical landmark in Rome bought in 1972. [ 115 ] The villa is decorated by Renzo Mongiardino and Adrian Magistretti with influences of China, Italy, and France. [ 116 ] 19th century mansion in Holland Park , London. The centrepiece of this mansion is the grand salon that houses five late Picassos and a small salon with two Basquiats and one painting by Damien Hirst . [ 12 ] Penthouse on Fifth Avenue in New York, near the Frick Museum overlooking Central Park decorated by Jacques Grange with paintings by Richard Prince , Jean-Michel Basquiat , Roy Lichtenstein , Andy Warhol , Willem de Kooning , and Fernand Léger . [ 117 ] Château de Wideville , a castle in communes Crespières and Davron near Paris. The 17th-century château was built by Louis XIII 's finance minister, later a home of a mistress of Louis XIV . Valentino acquired the eight-bedroom castle in 1995 and commissioned its restoration to the eminent interior decorator Henri Samuel . The castle's 280-acre gardens, designed by Wirtz International, include a pigeonnier tower, a pavilion containing a shell grotto, and a building housing the Valentino Garavani Archives. The chateau stairway is flanked by stone dogs carved in the 17th century by French artist Jacques Sarazin . Valentino always organized a theme party at the castle during the fashion weeks in Paris. [ 118 ] Chalet Gifferhorn in Gstaad , Switzerland, where he spent winter celebrations. The house has paintings by Arcimboldo and sheep-shaped furniture by les Lalanne . [ 119 ] Valentino also spent half of his time in Giancarlo Giammetti's 18th-century Villa "La Vagnola" in Cetona , Tuscany which Giammetti purchased in 1986. Italian decorator Renzo Mongiardino created interiors inspired by the villa's classical gardens. For twenty-five years, Giammetti and Valentino vacationed there. [ 119 ] He also had apartments in Paris and in Kensington , London. [ 119 ] Valentino remained always close to his mother, Teresa, who moved from Voghera to Rome to assist with the business. In Valentino: The Last Emperor (2008), Valentino and Giancarlo Giammetti recount meeting on 31 July 1960 on Via Veneto . They remained life partners for more than 65 years, although their romantic relationship ended in 1972. [ 104 ] According to Giammetti's private memoirs, Valentino met 19‑year‑old Carlos Souza at the Hippopotamus Club in Rio de Janeiro in 1973, and the two dated until Souza married Brazilian socialite Charlene Shorto in 1983. Valentino and Giammetti later became godfathers to the couple's sons. Carlos and Charlene continued to work in public relations for Maison Valentino after their divorce in 1990, and maintained a close relationship with Valentino and Giammetti thereafter. [ 120 ] According to Giammetti's book Private , Valentino met his partner Bruce Hoeksema in the early 1980s. Hoeksema began as a model for the house before later becoming its vice‑president. [ 121 ] In a 2007 interview, Valentino said that he had been in love once with a woman, Italian actress Marilù Tolo , to whom he unsuccessfully proposed in the early 1960s. Valentino and Tolo remained good friends. [ 122 ] Valentino and Giammetti's lifestyle had been considered flamboyant. John Fairchild , editor-at-large at Women's Wear Daily and W , told Vanity Fair , Valentino and Giancarlo are the kings of high living. Every other designer looks and says, "How do they live the way they do?" I don't think they made the money that Valentino and Giancarlo did, because Giancarlo knows how to make money. If they did, they didn't spend the money like Valentino. No other designer ever did. When the terrorism first started in Rome – the period when the Red Brigades were kidnapping people – Valentino was riding around in a bulletproof Mercedes. And do you know what colour the Mercedes was? Red. My God, I thought, you must want to get blown up. [ 123 ] Valentino adored dogs to the point that he once named a second line of clothing after his late pug Oliver; he owned six pugs. When travelling on his 14-seat Challenger jet, Valentino and his entourage went to the airport in three cars: one for the staff and luggage, one for five of the pugs, and one for Giammetti, Valentino, and the pug Maude, who always travelled with Valentino. [ 123 ] The Basilica of Saint Mary and the Martyrs, the place of his funeral Valentino died in Rome on 19 January 2026, aged 93. His foundation announced that he died peacefully at his home in the city, surrounded by loved ones, from natural causes. He lay in state at Piazza Mignanelli 23 in Rome on 21–22 January. More than 10,000 people paid their respects at the coffin, in a simple, white, light-filled setting, with two crystal vases holding white roses, and his smiling portrait dominating the room. [ 124 ] His funeral took place on 23 January at the Basilica of St Mary of the Angels and of the Martyrs . [ 125 ] [ 126 ] After the funeral, he was buried at the Flaminio Cemetery in Prima Porta , where he was laid to rest in a family chapel he shared with Giammetti. [ 127 ] A circular tomb, with large windows and flowerbeds surrounding it, with the names Garavani and Giammetti already inscribed on the tomb, symbolizing a love that will last far beyond the iconic designer's passing. [ 128 ] People from the worlds of fashion and entertainment reacted to Valentino's death with profound tributes, emphasizing his dedication to "beauty" and his creation of the iconic Rosso Valentino , as Italian prime minister Giorgia Meloni called him an "undisputed master of style" and a legend whose legacy would continue to inspire. President Sergio Mattarella praised his ability to look beyond conventions. [ 129 ] Alessandro Michele , creative director of Maison Valentino, described him as a central figure in Italian cultural history who transformed a craft into a vision of the world. Donatella Versace called him a "true maestro" and a loyal friend who supported her following the assassination of her brother Gianni . Giorgio Armani 's family commented that his passing left an "immense void" in the world of couture. Gwyneth Paltrow recalled his "naughty laugh" and his private love for beauty, family, and gardens. Claudia Schiffer and Cindy Crawford expressed heartbreak, with Schiffer citing her Valentino wedding gown as a constant reminder of his generosity. Sophia Loren noted his "warmth and kind soul" and how his art would remain a forever source of inspiration. [ 129 ] Valentino has been widely nicknamed the "Last Emperor of Fashion", the name of his documentary . [ 70 ] [ 130 ] [ 131 ] [ 132 ] [ 133 ] The British Fashion Council remarked in 2023 that his "extraordinary designs, dedication to craftsmanship, ubiquitous branding and business acumen have left an indelible mark on the fashion world and cemented him as a legend of haute couture ", while CEO Caroline Rush added that "Valentino is a true visionary whose boundless creativity, innovative designs, and dedication to craftsmanship, have revolutionised the fashion industry." [ 134 ] In his obituary, The New York Times described him as "the last of the great 20th-century couturiers and a designer who defined the image of royalty in a republican age for all manner of princesses—crowned, deposed, Hollywood and society". [ 70 ] Vogue described him as "one of the key architects of late 20th century glamour", adding that "there is a certain polish and formality to Valentino's work that speaks to an earlier age of glamour and the beginnings of the jet set , which is now a thing of the past." [ 13 ] NBC described his impact on the fashion industry as he "scaled the heights of haute couture ". [ 135 ] The Sunday Guardian stated that "The fashion world sees the end of an era with Valentino’s death." [ 136 ] His legacy has endured beyond his passing, according to writer Prakriti Parul. [ 136 ] After his death, CNN noted his influential clientele and called him the "quintessential Italian gentleman". [ 45 ] He was remembered for the designs he catered for Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis , Elizabeth Taylor , and Diana, Princess of Wales . [ 137 ] Valentino's designs were considered to be "timeless" as he was credited for not embracing current trends by not showing skirts with shrinking hems and for designing clothes that responded to the political landscape of the time. [ 137 ] ^ "Valentino Biography" . Biography.com . A&E Television Networks . Archived from the original on 25 April 2017 . Retrieved 7 May 2016 . ^ Georgieva, Zlatina (26 November 2012). "The Last Emperor: Inside the crazy world of Valentino" . The Independent . Archived from the original on 28 November 2012 . Retrieved 1 August 2018 . ^ "Valentino and Haute Couture by Ludi Holman" . 16 July 2023 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "A Valentino retrospective: 10 defining moments for the label" . Marie Claire UK . 17 September 2024. Archived from the original on 25 October 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ a b "Valentino Garavani - Biography and Fashion Designs" . Kraimod (in English and German). Archived from the original on 27 June 2022 . Retrieved 21 March 2022 . ^ a b c d Valentino; Hans Ulrich Obrist. " 'I was drugged by this sort of life.' " . System . No. 5. Valentino: I was 15 when I arrived in Paris. When I was 18 I went to the academy for the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture, the school where I learnt to draw, and where I was in touch with all the other guys and girls doing the same job – and automatically this was a big fascination because I loved it so deeply. After one year I had the chance to go to Jean Dessès-I stayed working with him for five years-After a little while I moved to Guy Laroche-after two years ^ "Valentino Garavani Dies at 93" . ELLE . 19 January 2026 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Cochrane, Lauren (19 January 2026). "Italian fashion designer Valentino dies aged 93" . The Guardian . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ ^ "Valentino" . Retrieved 25 January 2026 . ^ a b "Farewell to Valentino, the designer who imposed Italian elegance in the world" . www.finestresullarte.info . ^ a b c d Tyrnauer, Matt (8 May 2009) [Updated from August 2004 issue]. "So Very Valentino" . Vanity Fair . Archived from the original on 22 October 2020 . Retrieved 13 March 2023 . ^ a b c d e f g ^ "House of Red: Pierpaolo Piccioli talks about Rosso Valentino" . www.lofficielibiza.com . Archived from the original on 11 October 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Ilari, Alessandra (29 August 2008). "Valentino: Tears and Cheers" . Archived from the original on 2 October 2020 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino" . Vogue . 8 March 2012. Archived from the original on 19 July 2014 . Retrieved 8 March 2012 . ^ Emerson, Gloria (20 July 1965). "Valentino Steals Spotlight as Couture Stages the First Act of the Fall Showings" . The New York Times : 22. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023 . Retrieved 7 August 2023 . Another cherished customer, who rarely shows up in Rome to buy directly but orders from sketches sent to her in New York, is Mrs. John F. Kennedy... ^ a b Emerson, Gloria (20 January 1969). "The Rome Collections: Valentino Takes a More Romantic Turn" . The New York Times : 28. Archived from the original on 15 July 2023 . Retrieved 13 July 2023 . ...[F]ans include...Mrs. Jacqueline Onassis, who chipped Valentino's name in marble by wearing his pale beige lace dress at her wedding. ^ "V for Valentino" . Life . Vol. 63, no. 22. 1 December 1967. pp. 91, 94. The Vs are his signature and he has peppered them throughout his collection....Everything in Valentino's day outfits...keeps the V motif...White dress...is the first dress Valentino designed using his V theme. ^ "Valentino, leading Italian fashion designer, dies at 93" . CNBC . 19 January 2026 . Retrieved 27 January 2026 . ^ Morris, Bernadine (12 March 1970). "They Came, They Saw, They Loved and Bought Valentino's Midi" . The New York Times : 66. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Valentino...was the first to go all‐out for below‐knee hems... ^ a b c d Emerson, Gloria (19 January 1970). "The Long and the Short of It are Shown in Valentino's Hems" . The New York Times : 32. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Valentino really likes the look of midi skirts slashed open in front to show a much shorter skirt underneath it. The same effect is seen when he does wrap skirts with deep slits at the side. ^ a b c d e Morris, Bernadine (17 July 1970). "At Valentino, No Revolution This Year, But Lots of Exotic and Elegant Designs" . The New York Times : 41. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . The culottes...are the best-cut gaucho pants in the world... ^ a b c d Morris, Bernadine (8 December 1970). "It's More Dazzle for the New Valentino" . The New York Times : 56. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . [H]is favorite color now is apparently bright red...Some of the prettiest dresses are in non‐Valentino stripes of yellow with green, orange with blue or pink with blue....[T]he little‐below‐the‐knee length looks best to him, [but] most of his hems are a good deal longer. ... Some of the shorts...go under dresses—and some are accompanied by long coats....[T]he models...wear...high cork wedgies...with nailheads and...thongs that tie around the ankle and half the leg....[Valentino's] favorite fashions are usually the color of Devonshire cream.Valentino hasn't given up his V's—they're woven into his skirts and stockings and they dangle in metal from zippers... ^ a b c Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1971). "Valentino Revivifies Fashions of 40's" . The New York Times : 45. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . The red coat covered navy shorts, the navy coat red ones....Valentino made the idea of shorts‐under‐skirts look new...He captured almost exactly the spirit of clothes 30 years ago[:]...wide shoulders, toppers[,]...big‐brimmed swagger hats...The hemlines just about covered the knees, which was true to the period. ^ a b c d e Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1971). "Valentino – Quiet but Beguiling, Tailored but Feminine" . New York Times : 38. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...[P]ants...far outnumber skirts for both day and evening. They have a really nice cut, smooth over the hips...and then widening from knee to hem....Night clothes are mostly black and mostly pants...The day things are really where it's at. All tailored, without being mannish. Capes swashbuckling around over battle jackets and pants.The nineteen‐forties are still with us,...but then so are the nineteen‐thirties...and the nineteen-fifties......not far away and long ago, because of the pants.[Pants and skirts] are topped with...layers...: shirt, vest, jacket and coat or cape. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1972). "...and in Rome, Valentino Regards Pants as Passé" . The New York Times : 20. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Would you believe, not a single pair of pants? Instead, lots of pleated skirts.There were clothes in strong colors, primarily orange and Persian blue...Some of the evening dresses were in rainbow‐colored stripes and squares that took Valentino even further from the cream and coffee shades for which he has been known. ^ Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1972). "Where Are the Joys of Yesteryear?" . The New York Times : 52. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Pants suits are just about everywhere, and there's hardly a daytime dress around, except at Valentino. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1972). "Valentino: Styles That Change the Look of Fashion" . The New York Times : 18. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Loose tops with raglan shoulders and armholes as deep as the waistline are the coming thing. Valentino says so....[B]atwing coats...followed batwing coats...There were also batwing jackets.Under the jackets were cap‐sleeve pullovers with cable‐knit sweaters......[M]any of Valentino's styles carry an embroidered V on the pocket, large enough to be seen across a restaurant. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1973). "Valentino Makes Sure THey'll Return to Rome for Next Year's Show" . The New York Times : 19. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . His pitch was the nineteen forties[:]...drifting chiffon evening dresses, suits with padded shoulders, small waistlines and flaring skirts and square‐shouldered box coats......Valentino offers wildly printed designs...inspired by...Léon Bakst... ^ Finley, Ruth (1 August 1973). "When in Rome, Say 'Valentino' ". Fashion International . I (11). New York, NY, USA: FI Publishing Inc.: 4. ...[H]e synthesizes the mid-40's confluence of Adrian-Dior-Balenciaga: padded shoulders, nipped waists above flaring skirts, loose boxy coats. The Chanel-just-below-knee length for day... ^ Morris, Bernadine (5 June 1970). "Valentino for the Masses – Well, Almost" . The New York Times : 47. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . The zipper pull in front will sport a V. The belt will have a series of V's running all around it. The print on a number of fabrics is based on the letter V, and just in case there is not enough of a good thing, there are handbags and shoes to carry the thought further[,]....a...dress...inscribed with the designer's whole name....There are also turtlenecks with V's all over them. ^ a b c Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1977). "Paris: Free-Flowing Excitement and Short Skirts" . The New York Times : 26. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...at Valentino...full dirndl skirts......at Valentino...voluminous ponchos......Valentino was too structured... ^ Morris, Bernadine (27 October 1976). "A Rousing Show by Saint Laurent" . The New York Times : 65. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...[M]odels...were clad entirely in white off‐shoulder blouses, tiered skirts, ruffled petticoats... ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 359. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Valentino showed...blouson jacket[s]...in sporty checks...and...loden green suede. ^ a b Hyde, Nina S. (20 September 1977). "The King of Chic" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 21 December 2024 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...Valentino...designs...blousons[,]...ponchos and...shawls......Valentino...clearly likes the lifestyle of the rich and so designs...for the races...'You know, it was criticized a lot for looking too rich,' admits Valentino. ^ a b c Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1975). "Valentino Revives Elegance for a Chilly April in Paris" . The New York Times : 60. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...[A]s far as Valentino is concerned, you don't have to bother about boots....[T]he collection touches on...layering...His sweaters...appear two at a time and over a blouse...Valentino arranges his clothes by color groupings... ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 356. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . ...[S]tiff Winterhalter-style evening dresses appeared at Valentino. ^ Morris, Bernadine (27 January 1978). "Paris: The Dress Has Its Day" . The New York Times : A14. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...[T]he straight, skinny look that Valentino calls...his pencil line... ^ Morris, Bernadine (16 April 1978). "Message is Clear, But How Will It Be Received" . The New York Times : 70. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ...[T]he bra...meant to be seen...has been taken up by...Valentino...The major change in shape in the collections is the shoulder line, now broadened and padded. ^ Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1978). "Shaking Fashion" . The New York Times : 30. Archived from the original on 21 November 2021 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . Valentino...revived the early 1930's...His suits had longer jackets and squared shoulders. Valentino...clothes were tarty. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 364. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Valentino's brown Gandini wool jacket with a velvet strip that gives the effect of a shadow across the diagonally closed bodice. [The hourglass-shaped jacket looks very stiff, almost geometric, with shoulders padded to a sharp edge.] ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 369. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Valentino's short-sleeved Jacquard linen dress with side-buttoned bodice. [The short-sleeved, somewhat loose dress has broad, padded shoulders with puffed sleeves to increase width and the side-button closure left unbuttoned on most of the leg. It is cinched in with a very wide belt and topped by a 1950s-style picture hat.] ^ Morris, Bernadine (15 January 1979). "On the Beach: Saint Laurent and Valentino" . The New York Times : A15. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023 . Retrieved 9 July 2023 . Valentino...has a good claim to be Italy's leading contender in the world's fashion sweepstakes ^ a b Clarke, Hilary (19 January 2026). "Italian fashion designer Valentino dies at 93" . CNN . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Hyde, Nina (28 March 1985). "YSL, Robust and Refined High Hemlines for His Paris Show" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 21 February 2025 . Retrieved 9 March 2022 . ...[ Dynasty star] Joan Collins sat in the front row of the Valentino show, furiously scribbling notes. No wonder. There were enough skinny, sexy, rich, even tarty clothes on the runway for Collins, her chums on Dynasty and lots of Dynasty aficionados as well. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1984". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. pp.  390– 391. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Soap operas were a new fashion influence. Just as the cinema-goers of the thirties and forties had mimicked the wardrobes of Greta Garbo and Joan Crawford, so Joan Collins/Alexis and Linda Gray/Sue-Ellen became a source of inspiration. The soap stars wore the clothes of Saint Laurent, Ferre, Oscar de la Renta and Calvin Klein....[T]he viewers' definition of glamour was to be dressed up at all times... ^ Hyde, Nina (14 March 1986). "Milan Diary" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 18 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Italian clothes sell the best of all designer imports in the States, particularly those from Armani, Valentino, Byblos and Genny. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1980". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 373. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Valentino's black velvet dress with peplum and black point d'esprit veil. [a very 1940s-looking dress with a large, prominent ruffle extending diagonally across the bodice, one edge extending out from one shoulder to give the fashionable shoulder width of the time] ^ Morris, Bernadine (3 August 1982). "For Every Trend in Paris, There's a Countertrend" . The New York Times : A16. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022 . Retrieved 18 March 2022 . Designers such as Yves Saint Laurent and Hubert de Givenchy simply picked dramatic traditional shapes, made them in the most opulent fabrics and embellished them with furs, feathers and jewels. ^ Morris, Bernadine (4 August 1981). "Couture: Styles of Splendor" . The New York Times : C6. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2021 . There is no attempt to mimic street fashions, which the couture tried during the miniskirt years. There isn't too much concern with practicality. If the bouffant skirts with their layers of petticoats can't fit into a compact car, it is understood that their wearers travel by limousine. If the jeweled dresses require a lady's maid and a bodyguard, it is assumed that they are available. ^ Cunningham, Bill (1 September 1989). "To the Future Through the Past". Details . VIII (3). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 219. ISSN   0740-4921 . Both Valentino and de la Renta showed collections in the formal rich society-lady style. ^ "The Cerebral Approach" . The New York Times : 66. 8 February 1981. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . There is the fantasy brigade epitomized by the likes of Oscar de la Renta, Bill Blass and Valentino. ^ Morris, Bernadine (18 October 1983). "Fashion Establishment Has Its Day in Paris" . The New York Times : A28. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino...showed his collection by color groups, starting with brown and beige, which he does so well, and gave navy a big play. His bright shade for day or night was red. ^ Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1984). "Chanel, Valentino Enliven Paris" . The New York Times : B8. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . He started his show with the tailored clothes he has always done so beautifully in beige....He then repeated the theme, with variations, in tones of gray. ^ Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1985). "Paris Pick-Me-Up from Valentino" . The New York Times : C1. Archived from the original on 26 April 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino...started his show with good red coats and closed it with slinky, seductive red evening dresses and in between offered infinite variations on black and white, brown, gray and the newest color rage, loden green. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (8 April 1981). "In Paris, Fashion Incursions from Abroad" . The New York Times : C18. Archived from the original on 3 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . When it comes to opulence, Valentino beats the French designers at their own game. Valentino...showed dresses that were mini length in front and swept back to form bustle trains. ^ Morris, Bernadine (26 March 1986). "From Valentino, a Practical Elegance" . The New York Times : C10. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . 'They're "rich lady" clothes, and they look it,' said Dawn Mello, president of Bergdorf Goodman. ^ a b Hyde, Nina (4 May 1986). "Valentino and the Anatomy of Elegance" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 21 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino...has become the mass marketer to the rich... A year ago [1985] [Valentino] came out with jeans, and now sells 1 million pairs annually. ^ Morris, Bernadine (25 March 1983). "Ready-to-Wear: Elegance in Paris" . The New York Times : B6. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Everything looked rich and luxurious, even his simple sweaters, which had a panel of sequins at the back or a rim of black fur at the cuffs. ^ Hyde, Nina (28 March 1984). "Lagerfeld's New Look" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 18 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino...teamed one angora sweater with a leather lace skirt. 'Wow, is that skirt going to be expensive ... even for Texas,' said Bob Sakowitz, head of the Houston-based Sakowitz stores. ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1983". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 387. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . Sharp, daytime tailoring...distinguished the collections of Saint Laurent, Givenchy, Valentino and Ungaro. Suits were styled with wide revers and shoulders above tiny, cinched waists. ^ McColl, Patricia (17 March 1985). "Fashion Preview: Paris Takes a Wide View" . The New York Times Magazine : 69. Archived from the original on 5 December 2021 . Retrieved 1 December 2021 . ...Valentino...tried to cut down on shoulder padding. Unfortunately, he says, 'Everything looks better with it'. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (22 March 1983). "Valentino Shines in Paris Amid Strong French Shows" . The New York Times : C12. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . ^ "Valentino Garavani (1932 – 2026): A Look Back at the Legendary Designer and his Impact Through the Years" . 27 September 2024. Archived from the original on 25 November 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (22 September 1982). "A Toast to Valentino and to Opulence" . The New York Times : C12. Archived from the original on 3 July 2022 . Retrieved 22 June 2022 . ^ "Valentino". 1983 Lincoln • Mark VI • Continental . Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1982. pp.  38– 39. Archived from the original on 16 June 2022 . Retrieved 12 June 2022 . ^ 1984 Continental Mark VII, Continental, Lincoln Town Car . Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1983. pp.  24– 25. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022 . Retrieved 12 June 2022 . ^ 1985 Continental, Continental Mark VII, Lincoln Town Car . Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1984. pp.  34– 35 . Retrieved 12 June 2022 . ^ a b c Friedman, Vanessa (19 January 2026). "Valentino Garavani, Regal Designer and Fashion's 'Last Emperor,' Dies at 93" . New York Times . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1982". Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion . London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 379. ISBN   0-670-80172-0 . The...short and lean...theme...was seen at Saint Laurent, Valentino, Chloé, Mugler and Montana, in deep, poster-paint colors and was worn with high heels, dramatic millinery and loud paste jewellery. ^ a b Hyde, Nina (4 April 1982). "Fashion Notes" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 26 May 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . ^ Luther, Marylou (24 October 1985). "Fashion" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Narrow linen jackets zip open... to reveal equally narrow sheath dresses....Valentino uses godet back insets to make walking easier in the narrow skirts. ^ Morris, Bernadine (22 October 1986). "Defining Fashion's Changing Shape: Ruffles, Petticoats" . The New York Times : C12. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino...also offers the choice of longer, easier clothes. ^ Hyde, Nina (7 August 1983). "Fashion Notes" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 21 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . The big news...is the chemise. Yves Saint Laurent did it, so did Hanae Mori, Valentino, Pierre Cardin, Hubert de Givenchy and probably more. ^ Hyde, Nina (22 October 1983). "Refining the Look" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 20 July 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Chemises,...plumb line in shape at Valentino... ^ Hyde, Nina (23 October 1980). "Familiar Wrinkles" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 4 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino shows a lot of jodhpurs cut off at the knee, or toreadors....[I]f the Valentino customers are any example, women will be wearing shorts next summer. ^ a b Morris, Bernadine (30 March 1984). "Paris Shows: Few Peaks and Many Valleys" . The New York Times : A20. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . ^ Morris, Bernadine (3 April 1984). "The Best of Europe's Fashions" . The New York Times : A29. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Karl Lagerfeld...and Yves Saint Laurent are the dominant designers in Paris today. Both were overshadowed by the reception given the Valentino collection... ^ a b Hyde, Nina (21 October 1987). "The Index is Up on Short Hemlines" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . ^ Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1986). "The Report from Paris: Clear Color, Easy Shapes" . The New York Times : A24. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . ...the three best collections, those of Yves Saint Laurent, Valentino and Karl Lagerfeld. ^ Hyde, Nina (3 April 1988). "Fashion Notes" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 22 January 2025 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Strictly short: Christian Lacroix, Geoffrey Beene, Patrick Kelly, Valentino -- 'four fingers above the knee,' he insists. ^ Hyde, Nina (31 July 1988). "Fashion Notes" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 20 December 2024 . Retrieved 4 April 2022 . Valentino showed about a quarter of his collection in longer lengths with pleated yet slim skirts and similarly long coats with short skirts... ^ Hyde, Nina (26 October 1988). "Going to Great Lengths in Paris" . The Washington Post . 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Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Chi è Vernon Bruce Hoeksema, l'altro grande amore di Valentino Garavani" (in Italian). Elle. 20 January 2026 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Laurenzi, Laura (29 June 2007). "Valentino, 45 anni da re della moda 'Ho amato l'attrice Marilù Tolo' " . Repubblica . Archived from the original on 1 March 2011 . Retrieved 22 May 2011 . ^ a b Vanity Fair , August 2004. ^ "Valentino, chiusa la camera ardente: 10mila visitatori in due giorni" . tgcom24.mediaset.it. tgcom24.mediaset.it. 22 January 2026 . Retrieved 23 January 2026 . ^ "Italian fashion designer Valentino dies" . Sky News . 19 January 2026 . Retrieved 19 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino Garavani, Designer to Royals & Stars, Passes Away at 93; Funeral Set for Friday in Rome" . Sunday Guardian Live.com. 20 January 2026 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino Garavani's Funeral Draws Anne Hathaway, Anna Wintour and a Star-Studded Fashion Crowd to Mourn the Legendary Designer" . People.com . Retrieved 26 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino, la scelta sulla sepoltura: la cappella di famiglia e l'ultimo gesto d'amore di Giammetti" . www.ilmessaggero.it (in Italian). 23 January 2026 . Retrieved 26 January 2026 . ^ a b "The World reacts to Valentino's Death" . WWD.com. 19 January 2026 . Retrieved 19 January 2026 . ^ Narciso, Chiara (31 May 2022). "The heritage of the 'last emperor of fashion' in his 90 years of life: Valentino Garavani" . Archived from the original on 9 September 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "The empire of Valentino, the story of the creator of timeless elegance and fashion" . www.lofficielibiza.com . Archived from the original on 9 October 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ Scaramuzzino, Maria (11 May 2022). "Valentino, ninety springs for the last fashion emperor - italiani.it" . italiani.it . Archived from the original on 14 October 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino Garavani Celebrates His 90th Birthday with Special Exhibition and Limited-Edition Merch" . 11 May 2022. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Mr. Valentino Garavani to be honoured with the Outstanding Achievement Award at the Fashion Awards 2023" . British Fashion Council . 27 September 2023. Archived from the original on 15 October 2025 . Retrieved 20 January 2026 . ^ "Valentino, founder of Italian luxury empire, dies at 93" . NBC News . 19 January 2026. Archived from the original on 20 January 2026 . Retrieved 19 January 2026 . ^ a b Parul, Prakriti (20 January 2026). "Valentino Garavani, Designer to Royals & Stars, Passes Away at 93; Funeral Set for Friday in Rome" . The Sunday Guardian . Retrieved 22 January 2026 . ^ a b "Valentino Garavani, Fashion's 'Last Emperor' Dies at 93" . W Magazine. 19 January 2026. Archived from the original on 19 January 2026 . Retrieved 19 January 2026 . Official website for Valentino: The Last Emperor ; Archived 14 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine documentary film Valentino Garavani at FMD Valentino at IMDb
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[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Valentino+%28fashion+designer%29 "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Valentino+%28fashion+designer%29 "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)) - [1 Early life and education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Early_life_and_education) - [2 Career](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Career) Toggle Career subsection - [2\.1 Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Beginnings_in_Paris_and_return_to_Italy_\(1951%E2%80%931959\)) - [2\.2 Founding of Valentino (1960–1961)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Founding_of_Valentino_\(1960%E2%80%931961\)) - [2\.3 Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Breakthrough_in_Florence_\(1962%E2%80%931969\)) - [2\.4 Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Switch_to_retro_styles_and_international_fame_\(1970%E2%80%931979\)) - [2\.5 Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Cultural_prominence_and_acclaim_\(1980%E2%80%931989\)) - [2\.6 Accademia Valentino (1990–1997)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Accademia_Valentino_\(1990%E2%80%931997\)) - [2\.7 Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Sale_of_company_and_retirement_\(1998%E2%80%932008\)) - [3 In popular culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#In_popular_culture) - [4 Awards and honours](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Awards_and_honours) - [5 Home decoration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Home_decoration) - [6 Personal life](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Personal_life) - [7 Death](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Death) Toggle Death subsection - [7\.1 Tributes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Tributes) - [8 Legacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#Legacy) - [9 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#References) - [10 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Valentino (fashion designer) 45 languages - [Afrikaans](https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Afrikaans") - [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A "فالنتينو غارافاني – Arabic") - [مصرى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88 "فالنتينو – Egyptian Arabic") - [Azərbaycanca](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Qaravani "Valentino Qaravani – Azerbaijani") - [Български](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE "Валентино – Bulgarian") - [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani_\(estilista\) "Valentino Garavani (estilista) – Catalan") - [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Czech") - [Dansk](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Danish") - [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – German") - [Ελληνικά](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF_\(%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%82\) "Βαλεντίνο (σχεδιαστής μόδας) – Greek") - [Esperanto](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Esperanto") - [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Spanish") - [Euskara](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Basque") - [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_\(%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D9%85%D8%AF\) "ولنتینو (طراح مد) – Persian") - [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(muotisuunnittelija\) "Valentino (muotisuunnittelija) – Finnish") - [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – French") - [贛語](https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%80%AB%E8%92%82%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%98%89%E6%8B%BF%E8%8F%AF%E5%B0%BC "華倫蒂羅·嘉拿華尼 – Gan") - [עברית](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99 "ולנטינו גאראווני – Hebrew") - [Magyar](https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Hungarian") - [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8_%D4%B3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB "Վալենտինո Գարավանի – Armenian") - [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(stilista\) "Valentino (stilista) – Italian") - [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B "ヴァレンティノ・ガラヴァーニ – Japanese") - [Қазақша](https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8 "Валентино Гаравани – Kazakh") - [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EB%A0%8C%ED%8B%B0%EB%85%B8_%EA%B0%80%EB%9D%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88 "발렌티노 가라바니 – Korean") - [کٲشُر](https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_\(%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%DA%88%D9%90%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B1\) "ویلیتینو (فیشن ڈِزاینر) – Kashmiri") - [Македонски](https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_\(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80\) "Валентино (моден дизајнер) – Macedonian") - [Монгол](https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8 "Валентино Гаравани – Mongolian") - [Bahasa Melayu](https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(pereka_fesyen\) "Valentino (pereka fesyen) – Malay") - [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Dutch") - [Norsk bokmål](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Norwegian Bokmål") - [Polski](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Polish") - [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Portuguese") - [Română](https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Romanian") - [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8,_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE "Гаравани, Валентино – Russian") - [Sicilianu](https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Sicilian") - [Simple English](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\) "Valentino (fashion designer) – Simple English") - [Slovenščina](https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(modni_oblikovalec\) "Valentino (modni oblikovalec) – Slovenian") - [Српски / srpski](https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_\(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80\) "Валентино (модни дизајнер) – Serbian") - [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino "Valentino – Swedish") - [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Turkish") - [Українська](https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96 "Валентіно Гаравані – Ukrainian") - [Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча](https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Uzbek") - [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino "Valentino – Vietnamese") - [Volapük](https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_Garavani "Valentino Garavani – Volapük") - [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E4%BC%A6%E8%92%82%E8%AF%BA%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC "瓦伦蒂诺·格拉瓦尼 – Chinese") [Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q379664#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\) "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Valentino_\(fashion_designer\) "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=history "Past revisions of this page [h]") Tools Tools move to sidebar hide Actions - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=history) General - [What links here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\) "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]") - [Related changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\) "Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]") - 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[Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Valentino_Garavani) - [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q379664 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]") Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Italian fashion designer (1932–2026) | Valentino[OMRI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") [OML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") | | |---|---| | [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Valentino_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_\(cropped\).jpg)Valentino at the [2007 Cannes Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Cannes_Film_Festival "2007 Cannes Film Festival") | | | Born | Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani (1932-05-11)11 May 1932 [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), Lombardy, [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy "Kingdom of Italy") | | Died | 19 January 2026(2026-01-19) (aged 93) [Rome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome "Rome"), Italy | | Education | [Beaux-Arts de Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne") | | Label | [Valentino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_house\) "Valentino (fashion house)") | | Partner | [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") (1960–2025) | | Awards | [Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour") [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters") [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris") | | Website | [valentino.com](http://valentino.com/) | **Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani** (Italian: [\[valenˈtiːno ɡaraˈvaːni\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian "Help:IPA/Italian"); 11 May 1932 – 19 January 2026), known [mononymously](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mononym "Mononym") as **Valentino**, was an Italian [fashion designer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designer "Fashion designer") who founded [Valentino S.p.A.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_house\) "Valentino (fashion house)"), a luxury [fashion house](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_house "Fashion house"), in 1960 and served as its [creative director](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_director "Creative director") until 2007. A flamboyant designer noted for his [retro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro_style "Retro style") pieces and celebrity collaborations, he is regarded as one of the preeminent figures in *[haute couture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couture "Haute couture")*. Born in [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), Valentino apprenticed in fashion design at a young age before moving to [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris") to continue his studies. After attending the [Beaux-Arts de Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") and the [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne"), he began his career at [Jean Dessès](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Dess%C3%A8s "Jean Dessès") and [Guy Laroche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Laroche "Guy Laroche"), later returning to Rome to work under [Emilio Schuberth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Schuberth "Emilio Schuberth") and [Vincenzo Ferdinandi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Ferdinandi "Vincenzo Ferdinandi"). He had opened his own fashion house on [Via Condotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Condotti "Via Condotti") in 1960, achieving international recognition during the mid‑1960s. The Valentino brand continued to establish itself as a leading force in [high fashion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fashion "High fashion") throughout the 1970s and 1980s, at one point becoming the best-selling [Italian fashion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashion "Italian fashion") export. He was the first Italian designer to feature on Parisian *haute couture* [catwalks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catwalk "Catwalk"). His work further established itself as a staple of [celebrity culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_culture "Celebrity culture") during the 1990s. Valentino and his partner, [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti"), sold the company to [HdP Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCS_MediaGroup "RCS MediaGroup") for US\$300 million in 1998. He presented his final *haute couture* show in 2008, having stepped down as creative director the previous year. He was appointed a [Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1986 and a [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") in 1996, and was also made a [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour") and a [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters") in France, where he received the [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris"). ## Early life and education \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Early life and education")\] Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani was born on 11 May 1932 in [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), in the region of [Lombardy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombardy "Lombardy"), to Mauro Garavani and Teresa de Biaggi.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-1) His mother named him after [Rudolph Valentino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolph_Valentino "Rudolph Valentino"), a [matinée idol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matin%C3%A9e_idol "Matinée idol") of the 1920s.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-2) He developed an interest in fashion while still at primary school in Voghera, apprenticing under his aunt Rosa and local designer Ernestina Salvadeo, an aunt of the artist [Aldo Giorgini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo_Giorgini "Aldo Giorgini").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-3)[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-4) He later moved to Paris to pursue this interest with the support of his parents, where he studied at the [Beaux-Arts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") and the [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne"), aged 18.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-kraimod.com-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) ## Career \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Career")\] ### Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959)")\] | Rosso Valentino | | |---|---| | [![About these coordinates](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Color/Normalized_Color_Coordinates "About these coordinates") Color coordinates | | | [Hex triplet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_colors#Hex_triplet "Web colors") | \#E4002B | | [sRGB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB "SRGB")**B** ([r](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red "Red"), [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green "Green"), [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue "Blue")) | (228, 0, 43) | | [CMYK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMYK_color_model "CMYK color model")**H** ([c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyan "Cyan"), [m](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magenta "Magenta"), [y](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow "Yellow"), [k](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black "Black")) | (0, 100, 80, 0) | | [HSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV "HSL and HSV") ([h](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue "Hue"), [s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorfulness#Saturation "Colorfulness"), [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brightness "Brightness")) | (349°, 100%, 89%) | | [CIELChuv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIELChuv "CIELChuv") ([L](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightness "Lightness"), [C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorfulness "Colorfulness"), [h](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue "Hue")) | (48, 154, 10°) | | Source | [valentino.com: Chiffon Short Dress](https://www.valentino.com/en-gb/product-chiffon-short-dress-BVAJ612UP_R9M) | | **B**: Normalized to \[0–255\] (byte) **H**: Normalized to \[0–100\] (hundred) | | Valentino secured a position with [Jean Dessès](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Dess%C3%A8s "Jean Dessès") for an apprenticeship in [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris") when 19,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) having first joined [Jacques Fath](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fath "Jacques Fath"), followed by [Balenciaga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balenciaga "Balenciaga") and [Dior](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dior "Dior").[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-8) While an apprentice with Dessès, he assisted Countess [Jacqueline de Ribes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_de_Ribes "Jacqueline de Ribes") by sketching her dress ideas.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-9) After five years, Valentino departed following an incident during an extended holiday in [Saint-Tropez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Tropez "Saint-Tropez").[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) He joined his friend [Guy Laroche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Laroche "Guy Laroche") in 1956.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-10) After discussions with his parents,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) he opted to return to Italy and established himself in Rome in 1959, first as a pupil of [Emilio Schuberth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Schuberth "Emilio Schuberth") and then as a collaborator in [Vincenzo Ferdinandi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Ferdinandi "Vincenzo Ferdinandi")'s [atelier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atelier "Atelier"), prior to opening his own fashion house.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-FsA-11) ### Founding of Valentino (1960–1961) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Founding of Valentino (1960–1961)")\] [![A four-story yellow apartment block in Rome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG/250px-Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG) [Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Gabrielli-Mignanelli "Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli"), Valentino's Roman residence In 1960, Valentino left Paris and opened a [fashion house](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_house "Fashion house") in Rome on the fashionable [Via Condotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Condotti "Via Condotti"), supported by his father and a business associate.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) More than a simple atelier, his father said the premises resembled a *[maison de haute couture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couture "Haute couture")* (lit. 'house of *haute couture*');[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) the operation was notably grand, with models flown in from Paris for his debut show.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) Valentino soon became known for his red dresses, in the vivid shade that the fashion industry remembered as *Rosso Valentino*.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-14) On 31 July 1960, Valentino met [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") at the Café de Paris on the [Via Veneto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Veneto "Via Veneto") in Rome.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-15) Giammetti, one of three children, was in his second year of [architecture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture "Architecture") school and living with his parents in the *haut bourgeois* [Parioli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parioli "Parioli") district.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) That day, he gave Valentino a lift home in his [Fiat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat "Fiat"), beginning a friendship that soon developed into a long‑lasting partnership.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) Giammetti left for a holiday in [Capri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capri "Capri") the following day and, by coincidence, Valentino was also travelling there; they met again on the island 10 days later. Shortly afterwards, Giammetti abandoned his university studies to become Valentino's business partner and [life partner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_partner "Life partner"). When he joined the enterprise, the financial situation of Valentino's atelier was precarious: within a year, Valentino's excessive expenditure led his father's associate to withdraw from the business, leaving him close to bankruptcy.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-16) In 1961, [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor"), who was in Rome for the filming of *[Cleopatra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra_\(1963_film\) "Cleopatra (1963 film)")*, chose Valentino's white *haute couture* column for the premiere of *[Spartacus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_\(film\) "Spartacus (film)")*.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) ### Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969)")\] Valentino's international debut took place in 1962 in [Florence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence "Florence"), then the Italian fashion capital.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-kraimod.com-5) Former [first lady of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_lady_of_the_United_States "First lady of the United States"), [Jacqueline Kennedy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy "Jacqueline Kennedy"), had seen [Gloria Schiff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Schiff "Gloria Schiff")—the twin sister of the Rome-based fashion editor of American *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* and Valentino's friend [Consuelo Crespi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consuelo_Crespi "Consuelo Crespi")—wearing a two-piece ensemble in black [organza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organza "Organza") at a gathering in 1964. It made such an impression that Kennedy contacted Schiff to learn the name of the ensemble's designer: Valentino. In September 1964, Valentino was in the United States to present a collection of his work at a [charity ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charity_ball "Charity ball") at the [Waldorf-Astoria New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_New_York "Waldorf-Astoria New York"). Kennedy wanted to view the collection but could not attend the event, so Valentino decided to send a model, sales representative, and a selection of key pieces from his collection to Kennedy's apartment on [Fifth Avenue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenue "Fifth Avenue"). Kennedy ordered six of his *haute couture* dresses, all in black-and-white, and wore them during her year of mourning following [the assassination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy "Assassination of John F. Kennedy") of her husband, President [John F. Kennedy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy "John F. Kennedy"). From then on, she became a devoted client and friend of Valentino.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-17) Valentino later designed the white [gown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gown "Gown") worn by Kennedy at her wedding to Greek business magnate [Aristotle Onassis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassis "Aristotle Onassis").[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_romantic_turn-18) In 1966, he moved his shows from Florence to Rome, where the following year he produced an all-white collection that became famous for the "V" logo he designed.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-19)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_romantic_turn-18) His all-white *couture* collection of 1968 set him "solidly in the firmature of Italian design", described by *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* as "the talk of Europe".[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) He was the first Italian designer to feature in the Paris *haute couture* scene.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-20) ### Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979)")\] [![A white dress with clear sleeves and dotted adornments](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg/250px-Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg) A dress worn by [Audrey Hepburn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn "Audrey Hepburn") at The Proust Ball at [Château de Ferrières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Ferri%C3%A8res "Château de Ferrières") in 1971 Throughout the 1970s, Valentino's womenswear for both *couture* and [ready-to-wear](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready-to-wear "Ready-to-wear") generally followed the trends of the time, opening the decade with an emphasis on [midi-skirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midi-skirt "Midi-skirt") worn over [miniskirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniskirt#1970s "Miniskirt");[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_midi-21)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22) fitted, knee-high boots; trousers;[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) and foreign looks.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) In 1971, he paired more brightly colored midis and knee-length skirts with that year's vogue for [hot pants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pants "Hot pants"),[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) also continuing to show trousers like [culottes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culottes "Culottes") and [knickers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knickers "Knickers") with the gently flared standard trouser of the time.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) He was noted for his tailored clothes.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) The [1940s revival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1970s "Shoulder pads (fashion)") was his focus for a time,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) and Valentino showed [platform shoes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_shoes "Platform shoes"),[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24) [padded shoulders](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pad_\(fashion\) "Shoulder pad (fashion)"), and knee-length skirts,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) all along with occasional forays into 1930s and 1950s styles,[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) kept modern by an emphasis on pants.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) In 1972, he started the year favoring trousers but ended it showing only skirts,[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:14-27) including being one of the only designers to present [day dresses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_dress "Day dress") in a period dominated by [separates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separates_\(clothing\) "Separates (clothing)").[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-28) He endorsed the favored full sleeves and layering that were seen on many runways and continued to move away from his trademark monotone or bicolor palette—often cream or red.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:13-29)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23)[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:14-27) A knee-length, square-shouldered 1940s revival was prevalent again in 1973,[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:12-30)[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-31) continuing with bright prints, including a [Bakst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bakst "Léon Bakst") influence.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:12-30) During this era, his evening styles were often ruffled and sometimes had asymmetric hems,[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23)[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:13-29)[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-32)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24) other times a single, barely discernible letter on a belt or scarf.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) The mid-1970s move toward [fuller peasant silhouettes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970s_in_fashion#The_Big_Look_or_Soft_Look "1970s in fashion") was seen in Valentino's work somewhat—[dirndl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirndl "Dirndl") skirts,[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33) off-the-shoulder [flounces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruffle_\(sewing\) "Ruffle (sewing)"), [petticoats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petticoat "Petticoat"),[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-34) [blousons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blouson "Blouson"),[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-35) [shawls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawl "Shawl"),[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:10-36) [ponchos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poncho "Poncho"),[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33) and layering[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37)—but he deemphasized the look's characteristic boots and was sometimes criticized for including styles that were too heavily constructed and stiff in this period of minimal construction and flowing shapes,[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37)[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33)[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-38) as well as for emphasizing conspicuous-consumption wealth projection during the more egalitarian atmosphere of the time.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:10-36) He then returned to his serviceable presentation of monochrome and bicolor garment groupings.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37) With the [Fall 1978](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#Fall_1978 "Shoulder pads (fashion)") move towards big shoulders, formal suits, and a more [conspicuous consumption](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumption "Conspicuous consumption"), mid–20th century [retro style](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro_style "Retro style"), Valentino presented shapes that echoed the [big shoulders of the 1930s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1930_to_1945 "Shoulder pads (fashion)") and adopted the seductive styles being favored by designers in narrow, slit skirts and black bras worn on their own under padded-shoulder jackets.[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-39)[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-40)[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-41) Along with many other designers, he continued to show this style the following year in stiffly structured, broad-shouldered jackets and dresses presented with retro accessories such as hats, gloves, and cinch belts.[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-42)[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-43) This padded-shoulder, high-glamour style would continue to dominate fashion into the 1980s and bring Valentino unprecedented fame.[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-44) Throughout the 1970s, Valentino spent considerable time in [New York City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City "New York City"), where his presence was embraced by society personalities such as *Vogue*'s editor-in-chief [Diana Vreeland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_Vreeland "Diana Vreeland") and the art icon [Andy Warhol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol "Andy Warhol").[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:8-45) ### Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989)")\] Valentino is one of the favorite designers of actress [Joan Collins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Collins "Joan Collins"),[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-46) famous as one of the stars of the popular U.S. television show [*Dynasty*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynasty_\(1981_TV_series\) "Dynasty (1981 TV series)") (1981–1989), bringing the designer additional visibility and name recognition among the public.[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-48) The era's conspicuous consumption, 1940s and 1950s–inspired [ballgowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballgown "Ballgown"), [cocktail dresses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocktail_dress "Cocktail dress"),[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-49) and broad-shouldered, sharply tailored suits were taken up with aplomb by Valentino,[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-50)[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-51) whose style at the time was similar to that of [Givenchy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchy "Hubert de Givenchy") and [Oscar de la Renta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta "Oscar de la Renta").[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-52)[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-53) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini%2C_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg/250px-Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini%2C_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini,_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg) Valentino (center) with [Ornella Vanoni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornella_Vanoni "Ornella Vanoni") and Anna Bonomi Bolchini A few themes remained constant throughout his eighties collections: his familiar color groupings;[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-54)[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-55)[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-56) his penchant for blatant displays of luxury, wealth, and opulence;[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:7-57)[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-58)[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:6-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-60)[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-61) broad [shoulder padding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1980s "Shoulder pads (fashion)");[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-62)[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-63) and a more comfortable cut than he was showing at the start of the big-shoulder era at the end of the 1970s.[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:1-64) He continued to show his ready-to-wear collections in Paris and his couture collections in Rome.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-65) From 1983 to 1985, Valentino contributed a Valentino Edition to the [Continental](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Continental "Lincoln Continental") line of U.S. carmaker [Lincoln](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company "Lincoln Motor Company").[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:2-66)[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-67)[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-68)[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-69) The uniforms worn by [Italian athletes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics "Italy at the 1984 Summer Olympics") at the [1984 Summer Olympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics "1984 Summer Olympics"), held in Los Angeles, were designed by Valentino.[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70) In 1986, *Vogue* reported that Valentino was the largest Italian fashion exporter, with international sales of US\$385 million.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) In the first half of the 1980s, he mostly followed the short, narrow skirt line with broad-shouldered tops also followed by [Yves Saint Laurent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_\(designer\) "Yves Saint Laurent (designer)"), Givenchy, [Emanuel Ungaro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuel_Ungaro "Emanuel Ungaro"), and others,[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-71)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:3-72)[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-73) but also presented longer, looser looks,[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-74)[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:2-66) the [chemise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemise "Chemise") dresses of the era,[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-75)[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-76) and a variety of pant shapes.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-77) During the mid-1980s, the fashion press and buyers often rated him higher than other Paris designers,[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:4-78)[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-79)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:1-64)[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:5-80) ranking him with Saint Laurent and [Karl Lagerfeld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld "Karl Lagerfeld").[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:4-78)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:3-72)[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-81) He felt confident enough with this elevated stature that, in 1985, he added his moniker to a line of designer jeans.[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:6-59) Like other designers, he showed a variety of [miniskirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniskirt#1980s_and_1990s "Miniskirt") throughout the eighties among his other lengths and garments,[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:7-57) and he joined the rest of the fashion world in 1987–88 in showing almost exclusively mini lengths for two seasons and then followed his colleagues by the end of 1988 in retreating from an exclusive mini-length focus.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:5-80)[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-82)[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-83)[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-84) ### Accademia Valentino (1990–1997) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Accademia Valentino (1990–1997)")\] 1990 marked the opening of the Accademia Valentino, designed by architect [Tommaso Ziffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Ziffer "Tommaso Ziffer"), a cultural space located near Valentino's atelier in Rome for the presentation of art exhibitions. The next year—encouraged by their friend [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor")—Valentino Garavani and [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") created L.I.F.E., an association for the support of [HIV/AIDS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS")–related patients, which benefitted from the activities of the Accademia Valentino.[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-85) Throughout the 1990s, his work was seen as the antithesis of the dominant [grunge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunge "Grunge") trend, while becoming a staple of the rising [celebrity culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_culture "Celebrity culture").[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) ### Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008)")\] [![A mannequin wearing a beige wedding dress at the top of corner-stairs with the bridal veil draping down the steps](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg/250px-Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg) A wedding dress by Valentino In 1998, Valentino and his partner Giammetti sold the company for approximately US\$300 million to [HdP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCS_MediaGroup "RCS MediaGroup"), an Italian conglomerate controlled, in part, by [Gianni Agnelli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Agnelli "Gianni Agnelli").[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-86) In 2002, Valentino S.p.A.—with revenues of more than \$180 million—was sold by HdP to Milan-based textiles giant [Marzotto Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzotto_Group "Marzotto Group") for \$210 million, including lucrative deals for Valentino and Giammetti.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-87) The brand was owned by [private equity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_equity "Private equity") group [Permira](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permira "Permira") from 2007 onwards, which had acquired the brand from the Marzotto Group for \$3.5 billion.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-88) It was later sold to the [Qatari royal family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatari_royal_family "Qatari royal family") for [€](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro "Euro")700 million through an [investment vehicle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_vehicle "Investment vehicle") called [Mayhoola for Investments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayhoola_for_Investments "Mayhoola for Investments").[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-89) On 4 September 2007, Valentino announced that he would retire fully in January 2008 from the world stage after his final *haute couture* show in Paris.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-90) In October, he delivered his last women's ready-to-wear show in Paris, where he received a [standing ovation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing_ovation "Standing ovation").[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-91) His last *haute couture* show was presented in Paris at the [Musée Rodin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin "Musée Rodin") on 23 January 2008. The show was somewhat marred by his criticism of fellow Italian design duo [Dolce & Gabbana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana "Dolce & Gabbana") and the death of Australian actor [Heath Ledger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heath_Ledger "Heath Ledger"),[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-92) although he received a five-minute standing ovation from an audience that included hundreds of notable names from all areas of show business.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-93) Many models returned to attend Valentino's last *haute couture* show; the audience included [Eva Herzigová](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Herzigov%C3%A1 "Eva Herzigová"), [Naomi Campbell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naomi_Campbell "Naomi Campbell"), [Claudia Schiffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer "Claudia Schiffer"), [Nadja Auermann](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadja_Auermann "Nadja Auermann"), [Karolína Kurková](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1 "Karolína Kurková"), and [Karen Mulder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_Mulder "Karen Mulder").[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-94) In September 2007, Valentino decided to depart his role as creative director. [Maria Grazia Chiuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Grazia_Chiuri "Maria Grazia Chiuri") and [Pierpaolo Piccioli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierpaolo_Piccioli "Pierpaolo Piccioli") were at that point first nominated as creative directors of all accessories lines. before Valentino returned to fulfill his roles in 2009 after the sacking of [Alessandra Facchinetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandra_Facchinetti "Alessandra Facchinetti") in a public feud with Valentino and Giammetti.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-95)[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-96)[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-97) In July 2016, Piccioli assumed the role as Chiuri departed.[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-98) In March 2024, it was announced that [Alessandro Michele](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Michele "Alessandro Michele") would take over as creative director following his departure from [Gucci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gucci "Gucci").[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-99) ## In popular culture \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: In popular culture")\] [![Rear view of a black-and-white yacht docked at a harbour](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Valentino%27s.JPG/250px-Valentino%27s.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino%27s.JPG) Valentino's yacht moored in [Porto Santo Stefano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porto_Santo_Stefano "Porto Santo Stefano"), Monte Argentario, Tuscany, Italy In 2006, Valentino appeared in a [cameo role](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameo_role "Cameo role") as himself in the hit film *[The Devil Wears Prada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_\(film\) "The Devil Wears Prada (film)")*.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-100) *[Valentino: The Last Emperor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor")*, a feature-length documentary film on the designer, premiered at the 2008 [Venice International Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venice_International_Film_Festival "Venice International Film Festival").[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-101) Produced and directed by [Matt Tyrnauer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Tyrnauer "Matt Tyrnauer")—special correspondent for [*Vanity Fair* magazine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")—the film follows Valentino and his inner circle throughout various events, including an anniversary show celebrating his 45-year career.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Variety-102)[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-103) From June 2005 to July 2007, 250 hours of footage was shot with exclusive, unprecedented access to Valentino and his entourage; Tyrnauer said "we were let in to the inner circle, but we had to stick it out for a long time, practically move in, to capture the truly great moments. \[...\] Valentino is surrounded by a tight-knit family of friends and employees, but, eventually, their guard came down and they forgot there was a camera crew in the room." The film had its North American premiere at the 2008 [Toronto International Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival "Toronto International Film Festival") and was released theatrically in the United States on 18 March.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Tdb-104) The success of the film led to an increase in Hollywood fashion documentaries throughout the 2010s.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Variety-102) ## Awards and honours \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=11 "Edit section: Awards and honours")\] [![Line-up of mannequins wearing black, frilly dresses](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Valentino_black_dresses.jpg/250px-Valentino_black_dresses.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_black_dresses.jpg) A collection of black dresses by Valentino at the [Museo Ara Pacis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Ara_Pacis "Museo Ara Pacis") in Rome Valentino was appointed a [Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Officer_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1985, upgraded to [Knight Grand Cross](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1986—the highest-ranking [Italian honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy "Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy")—and a [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") in 1996.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-FsA-11) In July 2006, French president [Jacques Chirac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Chirac "Jacques Chirac") named Valentino a [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour"), the highest [French order of chivalry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_France "Orders, decorations, and medals of France").[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-105) During the festivities for the 45th year of Valentino's international career in 2007, the [Mayor of Rome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Rome "Mayor of Rome")—[Walter Veltroni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Veltroni "Walter Veltroni")—announced that the site of the Valentino Museum would be a building near the [Circus Maximus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_Maximus "Circus Maximus"), which Valentino later snubbed in favour of a museum in Paris following the election of [Gianni Alemanno](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Alemanno "Gianni Alemanno"), and awarded him with the freedom of the city of Rome.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-106) In 2008, Valentino was presented with the [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris") for his services to Parisian fashion.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-WWD2012-107) In 2012, he was named a [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters").[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-WWD2012-107) In September 2011, Valentino was presented with the sixth annual "Couture Council Award for Artistry of Fashion" from the [Fashion Institute of Technology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology "Fashion Institute of Technology").[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-108) In 2017, Valentino was the recipient of a Golden Plate Award of the [American Academy of Achievement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement "Academy of Achievement"), presented by [Jeremy Irons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Irons "Jeremy Irons").[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-109)[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-110) In 2023, Valentino won the "Outstanding Achievement Award" at the [Fashion Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Fashion_Council "British Fashion Council").[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-111)[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-112)[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-114) ## Home decoration \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=12 "Edit section: Home decoration")\] Valentino and Giancarlo Giammetti shared homes and apartments around the world, including — [![Black-and-white photograph of a château beyond a gated pond](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg/250px-Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg) [Château de Wideville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Wideville "Château de Wideville"), Valentino's château in [Crespières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crespi%C3%A8res "Crespières"), near Paris - Villa on the [Via Appia Antica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Appia_Antica "Via Appia Antica"), a historical landmark in Rome bought in 1972.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-115) The villa is decorated by [Renzo Mongiardino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Mongiardino "Renzo Mongiardino") and Adrian Magistretti with influences of China, Italy, and France.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-116) - 19th century mansion in [Holland Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_Park "Holland Park"), London. The centrepiece of this mansion is the grand salon that houses five late [Picassos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasso "Picasso") and a small salon with two [Basquiats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat "Jean-Michel Basquiat") and one painting by [Damien Hirst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damien_Hirst "Damien Hirst").[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) - Penthouse on [Fifth Avenue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenue "Fifth Avenue") in New York, near the [Frick Museum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frick_Museum "Frick Museum") overlooking [Central Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Park "Central Park") decorated by [Jacques Grange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Grange "Jacques Grange") with paintings by [Richard Prince](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Prince "Richard Prince"), [Jean-Michel Basquiat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat "Jean-Michel Basquiat"), [Roy Lichtenstein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein "Roy Lichtenstein"), [Andy Warhol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol "Andy Warhol"), [Willem de Kooning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning "Willem de Kooning"), and [Fernand Léger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger "Fernand Léger").[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-117) - [Château de Wideville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Wideville "Château de Wideville"), a castle in communes [Crespières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crespi%C3%A8res "Crespières") and [Davron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davron "Davron") near Paris. The 17th-century [château](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau "Château") was built by [Louis XIII](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIII "Louis XIII")'s finance minister, later a home of a mistress of [Louis XIV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV "Louis XIV"). Valentino acquired the eight-bedroom castle in 1995 and commissioned its restoration to the eminent interior decorator [Henri Samuel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Samuel "Henri Samuel"). The castle's 280-acre gardens, designed by Wirtz International, include a *pigeonnier* tower, a pavilion containing a shell grotto, and a building housing the Valentino Garavani Archives. The chateau stairway is flanked by stone dogs carved in the 17th century by French artist [Jacques Sarazin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Sarazin "Jacques Sarazin"). Valentino always organized a theme party at the castle during the fashion weeks in Paris.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-118) - Chalet Gifferhorn in [Gstaad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gstaad "Gstaad"), Switzerland, where he spent winter celebrations. The house has paintings by [Arcimboldo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcimboldo "Arcimboldo") and sheep-shaped furniture by [les Lalanne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Lalanne "Les Lalanne").[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) Valentino also spent half of his time in Giancarlo Giammetti's 18th-century Villa "La Vagnola" in [Cetona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetona "Cetona"), [Tuscany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany "Tuscany") which Giammetti purchased in 1986. Italian decorator [Renzo Mongiardino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Mongiardino "Renzo Mongiardino") created interiors inspired by the villa's classical gardens. For twenty-five years, Giammetti and Valentino vacationed there.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) He also had apartments in Paris and in [Kensington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensington "Kensington"), London.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) ## Personal life \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=13 "Edit section: Personal life")\] Valentino remained always close to his mother, Teresa, who moved from [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera") to Rome to assist with the business. In *[Valentino: The Last Emperor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor")* (2008), Valentino and [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") recount meeting on 31 July 1960 on [Via Veneto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Veneto "Via Veneto"). They remained [life partners](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_partner "Life partner") for more than 65 years, although their romantic relationship ended in 1972.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Tdb-104) According to Giammetti's private memoirs, Valentino met 19‑year‑old Carlos Souza at the Hippopotamus Club in [Rio de Janeiro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro "Rio de Janeiro") in 1973, and the two dated until Souza married Brazilian socialite Charlene Shorto in 1983. Valentino and Giammetti later became godfathers to the couple's sons. Carlos and Charlene continued to work in [public relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_relations "Public relations") for Maison Valentino after their divorce in 1990, and maintained a close relationship with Valentino and Giammetti thereafter.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-120) According to Giammetti's book *Private*, Valentino met his partner Bruce Hoeksema in the early 1980s. Hoeksema began as a model for the house before later becoming its vice‑president.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-121) In a 2007 interview, Valentino said that he had been in love once with a woman, Italian actress [Marilù Tolo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maril%C3%B9_Tolo "Marilù Tolo"), to whom he unsuccessfully proposed in the early 1960s. Valentino and Tolo remained good friends.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-122) Valentino and Giammetti's lifestyle had been considered flamboyant. [John Fairchild](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Fairchild_\(editor\) "John Fairchild (editor)"), editor-at-large at *[Women's Wear Daily](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily "Women's Wear Daily")* and *[W](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_\(magazine\) "W (magazine)")*, told *[Vanity Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")*, > Valentino and Giancarlo are the kings of high living. Every other designer looks and says, "How do they live the way they do?" I don't think they made the money that Valentino and Giancarlo did, because Giancarlo knows how to make money. If they did, they didn't spend the money like Valentino. No other designer ever did. When the terrorism first started in Rome – the period when the [Red Brigades](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Brigades "Red Brigades") were kidnapping people – Valentino was riding around in a bulletproof Mercedes. And do you know what colour the Mercedes was? Red. My God, I thought, you must want to get blown up.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF_August_2004-123) Valentino adored dogs to the point that he once named a second line of clothing after his late [pug](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pug "Pug") Oliver; he owned six pugs. When travelling on his 14-seat Challenger jet, Valentino and his entourage went to the airport in three cars: one for the staff and luggage, one for five of the pugs, and one for Giammetti, Valentino, and the pug Maude, who always travelled with Valentino.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF_August_2004-123) ## Death \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=14 "Edit section: Death")\] [![A dilapidated church in Rome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg/250px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg) The Basilica of Saint Mary and the Martyrs, the place of his funeral Valentino died in Rome on 19 January 2026, aged 93. His foundation announced that he died peacefully at his home in the city, surrounded by loved ones, from natural causes. He [lay in state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lying_in_state "Lying in state") at Piazza Mignanelli 23 in Rome on 21–22 January. More than 10,000 people paid their respects at the coffin, in a simple, white, light-filled setting, with two crystal vases holding white roses, and his smiling portrait dominating the room.[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-auto-124) His funeral took place on 23 January at the [Basilica of St Mary of the Angels and of the Martyrs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri "Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri").[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-125)[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-126) After the funeral, he was buried at the Flaminio Cemetery in [Prima Porta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prima_Porta "Prima Porta"), where he was laid to rest in a family chapel he shared with Giammetti.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-127) A circular tomb, with large windows and flowerbeds surrounding it, with the names Garavani and Giammetti already inscribed on the tomb, symbolizing a love that will last far beyond the iconic designer's passing.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-128) ### Tributes \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=15 "Edit section: Tributes")\] People from the worlds of fashion and entertainment reacted to Valentino's death with profound tributes, emphasizing his dedication to "beauty" and his creation of the iconic *Rosso Valentino*, as Italian prime minister [Giorgia Meloni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni "Giorgia Meloni") called him an "undisputed master of style" and a legend whose legacy would continue to inspire. President [Sergio Mattarella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella "Sergio Mattarella") praised his ability to look beyond conventions.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-reactions-129) [Alessandro Michele](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Michele "Alessandro Michele"), creative director of Maison Valentino, described him as a central figure in Italian cultural history who transformed a craft into a vision of the world. [Donatella Versace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donatella_Versace "Donatella Versace") called him a "true maestro" and a loyal friend who supported her following [the assassination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Gianni_Versace "Assassination of Gianni Versace") of her brother [Gianni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Versace "Gianni Versace"). [Giorgio Armani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Armani "Giorgio Armani")'s family commented that his passing left an "immense void" in the world of couture. [Gwyneth Paltrow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow "Gwyneth Paltrow") recalled his "naughty laugh" and his private love for beauty, family, and gardens. [Claudia Schiffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer "Claudia Schiffer") and [Cindy Crawford](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cindy_Crawford "Cindy Crawford") expressed heartbreak, with Schiffer citing her Valentino wedding gown as a constant reminder of his generosity. [Sophia Loren](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_Loren "Sophia Loren") noted his "warmth and kind soul" and how his art would remain a forever source of inspiration.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-reactions-129) ## Legacy \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=16 "Edit section: Legacy")\] Valentino has been widely nicknamed the "Last Emperor of Fashion", the name of [his documentary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor").[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70)[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-130)[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-131)[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-132)[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-133) The [British Fashion Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Fashion_Council "British Fashion Council") remarked in 2023 that his "extraordinary designs, dedication to craftsmanship, ubiquitous branding and business acumen have left an indelible mark on the fashion world and cemented him as a legend of *haute couture*", while CEO [Caroline Rush](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Rush "Caroline Rush") added that "Valentino is a true visionary whose boundless creativity, innovative designs, and dedication to craftsmanship, have revolutionised the fashion industry."[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-134) In his obituary, *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")* described him as "the last of the great 20th-century *couturiers* and a designer who defined the image of royalty in a republican age for all manner of princesses—crowned, deposed, [Hollywood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States "Cinema of the United States") and society".[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70) *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* described him as "one of the key architects of late 20th century glamour", adding that "there is a certain polish and formality to Valentino's work that speaks to an earlier age of glamour and the beginnings of the [jet set](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_set "Jet set"), which is now a thing of the past."[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) [NBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC "NBC") described his impact on the fashion industry as he "scaled the heights of *haute couture*".[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NBCobit-135) The Sunday Guardian stated that "The fashion world sees the end of an era with Valentino’s death."[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:0-136) His legacy has endured beyond his passing, according to writer Prakriti Parul.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:0-136) After his death, [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN "CNN") noted his influential clientele and called him the "quintessential Italian gentleman".[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:8-45) He was remembered for the designs he catered for [Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis "Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis"), [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor"), and [Diana, Princess of Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales "Diana, Princess of Wales").[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-wobit-137) Valentino's designs were considered to be "timeless" as he was credited for not embracing current trends by not showing skirts with shrinking hems and for designing clothes that responded to the political landscape of the time.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-wobit-137) ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=17 "Edit section: References")\] 1. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-1)** ["Valentino Biography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170425153530/http://www.biography.com/people/valentino-21354709). *[Biography.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biography.com "Biography.com")*. [A\&E Television Networks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%26E_Television_Networks "A&E Television Networks"). Archived from [the original](http://www.biography.com/people/valentino-21354709) on 25 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2016. 2. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-2)** Georgieva, Zlatina (26 November 2012). ["The Last Emperor: Inside the crazy world of Valentino"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121128055448/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-last-emperor-inside-the-crazy-world-of-valentino-8348284.html). *[The Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Independent "The Independent")*. Archived from [the original](https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-last-emperor-inside-the-crazy-world-of-valentino-8348284.html) on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2018. 3. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-3)** ["Valentino and Haute Couture by Ludi Holman"](https://luxurysplashofart.com/valentino-and-haute-couture-by-ludi-holman/). 16 July 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 4. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-4)** ["A Valentino retrospective: 10 defining moments for the label"](https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/fashion/history-of-valentino). *Marie Claire UK*. 17 September 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251025085058/https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/fashion/history-of-valentino) from the original on 25 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 5. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-kraimod.com_5-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-kraimod.com_5-1) ["Valentino Garavani - Biography and Fashion Designs"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220627120344/https://www.kraimod.com/valentinogaravani). *Kraimod* (in English and German). Archived from [the original](https://www.kraimod.com/valentinogaravani) on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022. 6. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-3) Valentino; Hans Ulrich Obrist. ["'I was drugged by this sort of life.'"](https://system-magazine.com/issues/issue-05/the-legendary-valentino). *[System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_\(magazine\) "System (magazine)")*. No. 5. "Valentino: I was 15 when I arrived in Paris. When I was 18 I went to the academy for the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture, the school where I learnt to draw, and where I was in touch with all the other guys and girls doing the same job – and automatically this was a big fascination because I loved it so deeply. After one year I had the chance to go to Jean Dessès-I stayed working with him for five years-After a little while I moved to Guy Laroche-after two years" 7. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-7)** ["Valentino Garavani Dies at 93"](https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/a70050721/valentino-garavani-dies-at-93/). *ELLE*. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 8. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-8)** Cochrane, Lauren (19 January 2026). ["Italian fashion designer Valentino dies aged 93"](https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2026/jan/19/valentino-italian-fashion-designer-dies). *The Guardian*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 9. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-9)** Borrelli-Persson, Laird (31 December 2025). ["Jacqueline de Ribes, Style Icon and Entrepeneur, Has Died"](https://www.vogue.com/article/jacqueline-de-ribes-obituary). *Vogue*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260105071405/https://www.vogue.com/article/jacqueline-de-ribes-obituary) from the original on 5 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 10. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-10)** ["Valentino"](https://vintagefashionguild.org/resources/item/label/valentino/). Retrieved 25 January 2026. 11. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-FsA_11-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-FsA_11-1) ["Farewell to Valentino, the designer who imposed Italian elegance in the world"](https://www.finestresullarte.info/en/news/farewell-to-valentino-the-designer-who-imposed-italian-elegance-in-the-world). *www.finestresullarte.info*. 12. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-3) Tyrnauer, Matt (8 May 2009) \[Updated from August 2004 issue\]. ["So Very Valentino"](https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2004/08/valentino200408). *[Vanity Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201022012748/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2004/08/valentino200408) from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2023. 13. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-4) [***f***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-5) [***g***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-6) Borrelli-Persson, Laird (19 January 2026). ["Valentino Garavani, Couturier To The Stars, Has Died At 93"](https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/valentino-garavani-died). *British Vogue*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 14. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-14)** ["House of Red: Pierpaolo Piccioli talks about Rosso Valentino"](https://www.lofficielibiza.com/beauty/red-valentino-story-interview-pierpaolo-piccioli). *www.lofficielibiza.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251011135801/https://www.lofficielibiza.com/beauty/red-valentino-story-interview-pierpaolo-piccioli) from the original on 11 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 15. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-15)** Ilari, Alessandra (29 August 2008). ["Valentino: Tears and Cheers"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/valentino-tears-and-cheers-1731653/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201002000251/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/valentino-tears-and-cheers-1731653/) from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 16. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-16)** ["Valentino"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140719222614/http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Valentino#cite_note-1). *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")*. 8 March 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Valentino#cite_note-1) on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2012. 17. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-17)** [Emerson, Gloria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Emerson "Gloria Emerson") (20 July 1965). ["Valentino Steals Spotlight as Couture Stages the First Act of the Fall Showings"](https://www.nytimes.com/1965/07/20/archives/valentino-steals-spotlight-as-couture-stages-the-first-act-of-fall.html). *The New York Times*: 22. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230807183651/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/07/20/archives/valentino-steals-spotlight-as-couture-stages-the-first-act-of-fall.html) from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023. "Another cherished customer, who rarely shows up in Rome to buy directly but orders from sketches sent to her in New York, is Mrs. John F. Kennedy..." 18. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_romantic_turn_18-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_romantic_turn_18-1) Emerson, Gloria (20 January 1969). ["The Rome Collections: Valentino Takes a More Romantic Turn"](https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/the-rome-collections-valentino-takes-a-more-romantic-turn.html). *The New York Times*: 28. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230715020641/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/the-rome-collections-valentino-takes-a-more-romantic-turn.html) from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023. "...\[F\]ans include...Mrs. Jacqueline Onassis, who chipped Valentino's name in marble by wearing his pale beige lace dress at her wedding." 19. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-19)** ["V for Valentino"](https://books.google.com/books?id=4EwEAAAAMBAJ&dq=valentino+fashion&pg=PA91). *Life*. Vol. 63, no. 22. 1 December 1967. pp. 91, 94. "The Vs are his signature and he has peppered them throughout his collection....Everything in Valentino's day outfits...keeps the V motif...White dress...is the first dress Valentino designed using his V theme." 20. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-20)** ["Valentino, leading Italian fashion designer, dies at 93"](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/19/italian-fashion-designer-valentino-dead-at-93.html). *CNBC*. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 27 January 2026. 21. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_midi_21-0)** [Morris, Bernadine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernadine_Morris "Bernadine Morris") (12 March 1970). ["They Came, They Saw, They Loved and Bought Valentino's Midi"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/12/archives/they-came-they-saw-they-loved-and-bought-valentinos-midi.html). *The New York Times*: 66. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143320/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/12/archives/they-came-they-saw-they-loved-and-bought-valentinos-midi.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino...was the first to go all‐out for below‐knee hems..." 22. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-3) Emerson, Gloria (19 January 1970). ["The Long and the Short of It are Shown in Valentino's Hems"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/19/archives/the-long-and-the-short-of-it-are-shown-in-valentinos-hems.html). *The New York Times*: 32. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143418/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/19/archives/the-long-and-the-short-of-it-are-shown-in-valentinos-hems.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino really likes the look of midi skirts slashed open in front to show a much shorter skirt underneath it. The same effect is seen when he does wrap skirts with deep slits at the side." 23. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-4) Morris, Bernadine (17 July 1970). ["At Valentino, No Revolution This Year, But Lots of Exotic and Elegant Designs"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/07/17/archives/at-valentino-no-revolution-this-year-but-lots-of-exotic-and-elegant.html). *The New York Times*: 41. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143319/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/07/17/archives/at-valentino-no-revolution-this-year-but-lots-of-exotic-and-elegant.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The culottes...are the best-cut gaucho pants in the world..." 24. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-3) Morris, Bernadine (8 December 1970). ["It's More Dazzle for the New Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/08/archives/its-more-dazzle-for-the-new-valentino.html). *The New York Times*: 56. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143416/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/08/archives/its-more-dazzle-for-the-new-valentino.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "\[H\]is favorite color now is apparently bright red...Some of the prettiest dresses are in non‐Valentino stripes of yellow with green, orange with blue or pink with blue....\[T\]he little‐below‐the‐knee length looks best to him, \[but\] most of his hems are a good deal longer. ... Some of the shorts...go under dresses—and some are accompanied by long coats....\[T\]he models...wear...high cork wedgies...with nailheads and...thongs that tie around the ankle and half the leg....\[Valentino's\] favorite fashions are usually the color of Devonshire cream.Valentino hasn't given up his V's—they're woven into his skirts and stockings and they dangle in metal from zippers..." 25. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-2) Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1971). ["Valentino Revivifies Fashions of 40's"](https://www.nytimes.com/1971/01/22/archives/valentino-revivifies-fashions-of-40s.html). *The New York Times*: 45. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220517015650/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/01/22/archives/valentino-revivifies-fashions-of-40s.html) from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The red coat covered navy shorts, the navy coat red ones....Valentino made the idea of shorts‐under‐skirts look new...He captured almost exactly the spirit of clothes 30 years ago\[:\]...wide shoulders, toppers\[,\]...big‐brimmed swagger hats...The hemlines just about covered the knees, which was true to the period." 26. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-4) Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1971). ["Valentino – Quiet but Beguiling, Tailored but Feminine"](https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/23/archives/valentino-quiet-but-beguiling-tailored-but-feminine.html). *New York Times*: 38. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625052117/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/23/archives/valentino-quiet-but-beguiling-tailored-but-feminine.html) from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[P\]ants...far outnumber skirts for both day and evening. They have a really nice cut, smooth over the hips...and then widening from knee to hem....Night clothes are mostly black and mostly pants...The day things are really where it's at. All tailored, without being mannish. Capes swashbuckling around over battle jackets and pants.The nineteen‐forties are still with us,...but then so are the nineteen‐thirties...and the nineteen-fifties......not far away and long ago, because of the pants.\[Pants and skirts\] are topped with...layers...: shirt, vest, jacket and coat or cape." 27. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:14_27-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:14_27-1) Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1972). ["...and in Rome, Valentino Regards Pants as Passé"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/21/archives/-and-in-rome-valentino-regards-pants-as-passe.html). *The New York Times*: 20. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625053821/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/21/archives/-and-in-rome-valentino-regards-pants-as-passe.html) from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Would you believe, not a single pair of pants? Instead, lots of pleated skirts.There were clothes in strong colors, primarily orange and Persian blue...Some of the evening dresses were in rainbow‐colored stripes and squares that took Valentino even further from the cream and coffee shades for which he has been known." 28. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-28)** Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1972). ["Where Are the Joys of Yesteryear?"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/23/archives/where-are-the-joys-of-yesteryear.html). *The New York Times*: 52. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143421/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/23/archives/where-are-the-joys-of-yesteryear.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Pants suits are just about everywhere, and there's hardly a daytime dress around, except at Valentino." 29. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:13_29-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:13_29-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1972). ["Valentino: Styles That Change the Look of Fashion"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/22/archives/valentino-styles-that-change-the-look-of-fashion.html). *The New York Times*: 18. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143417/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/22/archives/valentino-styles-that-change-the-look-of-fashion.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Loose tops with raglan shoulders and armholes as deep as the waistline are the coming thing. Valentino says so....\[B\]atwing coats...followed batwing coats...There were also batwing jackets.Under the jackets were cap‐sleeve pullovers with cable‐knit sweaters......\[M\]any of Valentino's styles carry an embroidered V on the pocket, large enough to be seen across a restaurant." 30. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:12_30-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:12_30-1) Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1973). ["Valentino Makes Sure THey'll Return to Rome for Next Year's Show"](https://www.nytimes.com/1973/07/21/archives/valentino-makes-sure-theyll-return-to-rome-for-next-years-show.html). *The New York Times*: 19. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220626063328/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/07/21/archives/valentino-makes-sure-theyll-return-to-rome-for-next-years-show.html) from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "His pitch was the nineteen forties\[:\]...drifting chiffon evening dresses, suits with padded shoulders, small waistlines and flaring skirts and square‐shouldered box coats......Valentino offers wildly printed designs...inspired by...Léon Bakst..." 31. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-31)** Finley, Ruth (1 August 1973). "When in Rome, Say 'Valentino'". *Fashion International*. **I** (11). New York, NY, USA: FI Publishing Inc.: 4. "...\[H\]e synthesizes the mid-40's confluence of Adrian-Dior-Balenciaga: padded shoulders, nipped waists above flaring skirts, loose boxy coats. The Chanel-just-below-knee length for day..." 32. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-32)** Morris, Bernadine (5 June 1970). ["Valentino for the Masses – Well, Almost"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/05/archives/valentino-for-the-masses-well-almost.html). *The New York Times*: 47. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143419/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/05/archives/valentino-for-the-masses-well-almost.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The zipper pull in front will sport a V. The belt will have a series of V's running all around it. The print on a number of fabrics is based on the letter V, and just in case there is not enough of a good thing, there are handbags and shoes to carry the thought further\[,\]....a...dress...inscribed with the designer's whole name....There are also turtlenecks with V's all over them." 33. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-2) Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1977). ["Paris: Free-Flowing Excitement and Short Skirts"](https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/28/archives/paris-freeflowing-excitement-and-short-skirts.html). *The New York Times*: 26. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220626131037/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/28/archives/paris-freeflowing-excitement-and-short-skirts.html) from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...at Valentino...full dirndl skirts......at Valentino...voluminous ponchos......Valentino was too structured..." 34. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-34)** Morris, Bernadine (27 October 1976). ["A Rousing Show by Saint Laurent"](https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/27/archives/a-rousing-show-by-saint-laurent-and-valentino-too.html). *The New York Times*: 65. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220701220207/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/27/archives/a-rousing-show-by-saint-laurent-and-valentino-too.html) from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[M\]odels...were clad entirely in white off‐shoulder blouses, tiered skirts, ruffled petticoats..." 35. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-35)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 359. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino showed...blouson jacket\[s\]...in sporty checks...and...loden green suede." 36. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:10_36-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:10_36-1) [Hyde, Nina S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (20 September 1977). ["The King of Chic"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/09/20/the-king-of-chic/9b48a9fc-a19a-4d2b-84a3-b2bd0d4da8da/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221200916/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/09/20/the-king-of-chic/9b48a9fc-a19a-4d2b-84a3-b2bd0d4da8da/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...Valentino...designs...blousons\[,\]...ponchos and...shawls......Valentino...clearly likes the lifestyle of the rich and so designs...for the races...'You know, it was criticized a lot for looking too rich,' admits Valentino." 37. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-2) Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1975). ["Valentino Revives Elegance for a Chilly April in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/11/archives/valentino-revives-elegance-for-a-chilly-april-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: 60. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143416/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/11/archives/valentino-revives-elegance-for-a-chilly-april-in-paris.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[A\]s far as Valentino is concerned, you don't have to bother about boots....\[T\]he collection touches on...layering...His sweaters...appear two at a time and over a blouse...Valentino arranges his clothes by color groupings..." 38. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-38)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 356. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "...\[S\]tiff Winterhalter-style evening dresses appeared at Valentino." 39. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-39)** Morris, Bernadine (27 January 1978). ["Paris: The Dress Has Its Day"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/01/27/archives/paris-the-dress-has-its-day.html). *The New York Times*: A14. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143420/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/01/27/archives/paris-the-dress-has-its-day.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[T\]he straight, skinny look that Valentino calls...his pencil line..." 40. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-40)** Morris, Bernadine (16 April 1978). ["Message is Clear, But How Will It Be Received"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/16/archives/message-is-clear-but-how-will-it-be-received-skirting-the-mini.html). *The New York Times*: 70. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220226200936/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/16/archives/message-is-clear-but-how-will-it-be-received-skirting-the-mini.html) from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[T\]he bra...meant to be seen...has been taken up by...Valentino...The major change in shape in the collections is the shoulder line, now broadened and padded." 41. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-41)** Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1978). ["Shaking Fashion"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/11/archives/shaking-fashion-by-the-shoulders-lonely-hearts-club-band-bohan.html). *The New York Times*: 30. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211121171824/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/11/archives/shaking-fashion-by-the-shoulders-lonely-hearts-club-band-bohan.html) from the original on 21 November 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino...revived the early 1930's...His suits had longer jackets and squared shoulders. Valentino...clothes were tarty." 42. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-42)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 364. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's brown Gandini wool jacket with a velvet strip that gives the effect of a shadow across the diagonally closed bodice. \[The hourglass-shaped jacket looks very stiff, almost geometric, with shoulders padded to a sharp edge.\]" 43. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-43)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 369. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's short-sleeved Jacquard linen dress with side-buttoned bodice. \[The short-sleeved, somewhat loose dress has broad, padded shoulders with puffed sleeves to increase width and the side-button closure left unbuttoned on most of the leg. It is cinched in with a very wide belt and topped by a 1950s-style picture hat.\]" 44. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-44)** Morris, Bernadine (15 January 1979). ["On the Beach: Saint Laurent and Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/15/archives/on-the-beach-saint-laurent-and-valentino-tiny-cutouts-and.html). *The New York Times*: A15. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230709163102/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/15/archives/on-the-beach-saint-laurent-and-valentino-tiny-cutouts-and.html) from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023. "Valentino...has a good claim to be Italy's leading contender in the world's fashion sweepstakes" 45. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:8_45-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:8_45-1) Clarke, Hilary (19 January 2026). ["Italian fashion designer Valentino dies at 93"](https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/19/style/valentino-fashion-designer-dead). *CNN*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 46. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-46)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (28 March 1985). ["YSL, Robust and Refined High Hemlines for His Paris Show"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/03/28/ysl-robust-and-refined-high-hemlines-for-his-paris-show/3e8aac20-cda0-4804-86b6-c0cdf58ff079/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250221170047/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/03/28/ysl-robust-and-refined-high-hemlines-for-his-paris-show/3e8aac20-cda0-4804-86b6-c0cdf58ff079/) from the original on 21 February 2025. Retrieved 9 March 2022. "...\[*Dynasty* star\] Joan Collins sat in the front row of the Valentino show, furiously scribbling notes. No wonder. There were enough skinny, sexy, rich, even tarty clothes on the runway for Collins, her chums on *Dynasty* and lots of *Dynasty* aficionados as well." 47. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-47)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1984". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. pp. 390–391\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Soap operas were a new fashion influence. Just as the cinema-goers of the thirties and forties had mimicked the wardrobes of Greta Garbo and Joan Crawford, so Joan Collins/Alexis and Linda Gray/Sue-Ellen became a source of inspiration. The soap stars wore the clothes of Saint Laurent, Ferre, Oscar de la Renta and Calvin Klein....\[T\]he viewers' definition of glamour was to be dressed up at all times..." 48. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-48)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (14 March 1986). ["Milan Diary"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/03/14/milan-diary/84b56f0a-f999-4363-9b65-341223fcde01/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241218235331/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/03/14/milan-diary/84b56f0a-f999-4363-9b65-341223fcde01/) from the original on 18 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Italian clothes sell the best of all designer imports in the States, particularly those from Armani, Valentino, Byblos and Genny." 49. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-49)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1980". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 373. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's black velvet dress with peplum and black point d'esprit veil. \[a very 1940s-looking dress with a large, prominent ruffle extending diagonally across the bodice, one edge extending out from one shoulder to give the fashionable shoulder width of the time\]" 50. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-50)** Morris, Bernadine (3 August 1982). ["For Every Trend in Paris, There's a Countertrend"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/03/style/for-every-trend-in-paris-there-s-a-countertrend.html). *The New York Times*: A16. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220318224307/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/03/style/for-every-trend-in-paris-there-s-a-countertrend.html) from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022. "Designers such as Yves Saint Laurent and Hubert de Givenchy simply picked dramatic traditional shapes, made them in the most opulent fabrics and embellished them with furs, feathers and jewels." 51. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-51)** Morris, Bernadine (4 August 1981). ["Couture: Styles of Splendor"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/04/style/couture-styles-of-splendor.html). *The New York Times*: C6. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220522195629/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/04/style/couture-styles-of-splendor.html) from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2021. "There is no attempt to mimic street fashions, which the couture tried during the miniskirt years. There isn't too much concern with practicality. If the bouffant skirts with their layers of petticoats can't fit into a compact car, it is understood that their wearers travel by limousine. If the jeweled dresses require a lady's maid and a bodyguard, it is assumed that they are available." 52. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-52)** Cunningham, Bill (1 September 1989). "To the Future Through the Past". *Details*. **VIII** (3). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 219. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_\(identifier\) "ISSN (identifier)") [0740-4921](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0740-4921). "Both Valentino and de la Renta showed collections in the formal rich society-lady style." 53. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-53)** ["The Cerebral Approach"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/08/magazine/fashion-view-the-cerebral-approach.html). *The New York Times*: 66. 8 February 1981. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204158/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/08/magazine/fashion-view-the-cerebral-approach.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "There is the fantasy brigade epitomized by the likes of Oscar de la Renta, Bill Blass and Valentino." 54. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-54)** Morris, Bernadine (18 October 1983). ["Fashion Establishment Has Its Day in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/18/style/fashion-establishment-has-its-day-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: A28. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205659/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/18/style/fashion-establishment-has-its-day-in-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...showed his collection by color groups, starting with brown and beige, which he does so well, and gave navy a big play. His bright shade for day or night was red." 55. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-55)** Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1984). ["Chanel, Valentino Enliven Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/27/style/chanel-valentino-enliven-paris.html). *The New York Times*: B8. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205659/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/27/style/chanel-valentino-enliven-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "He started his show with the tailored clothes he has always done so beautifully in beige....He then repeated the theme, with variations, in tones of gray." 56. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-56)** Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1985). ["Paris Pick-Me-Up from Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/27/garden/paris-pick-me-up-from-valentino.html). *The New York Times*: C1. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220426015052/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/27/garden/paris-pick-me-up-from-valentino.html) from the original on 26 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...started his show with good red coats and closed it with slinky, seductive red evening dresses and in between offered infinite variations on black and white, brown, gray and the newest color rage, loden green." 57. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:7_57-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:7_57-1) Morris, Bernadine (8 April 1981). ["In Paris, Fashion Incursions from Abroad"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/08/garden/in-paris-fashion-incursions-from-abroad.html). *The New York Times*: C18. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220703141446/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/08/garden/in-paris-fashion-incursions-from-abroad.html) from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "When it comes to opulence, Valentino beats the French designers at their own game. Valentino...showed dresses that were mini length in front and swept back to form bustle trains." 58. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-58)** Morris, Bernadine (26 March 1986). ["From Valentino, a Practical Elegance"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/garden/from-valentino-a-practical-elegance.html). *The New York Times*: C10. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220705231104/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/garden/from-valentino-a-practical-elegance.html) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "'They're "rich lady" clothes, and they look it,' said Dawn Mello, president of Bergdorf Goodman." 59. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:6_59-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:6_59-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (4 May 1986). ["Valentino and the Anatomy of Elegance"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1986/05/04/valentino-and-the-anatomy-of-elegance/7b1b786b-eb22-4923-9c2d-f5bbb2cd4ca5/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221185120/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1986/05/04/valentino-and-the-anatomy-of-elegance/7b1b786b-eb22-4923-9c2d-f5bbb2cd4ca5/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...has become the mass marketer to the rich... A year ago \[1985\] \[Valentino\] came out with jeans, and now sells 1 million pairs annually." 60. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-60)** Morris, Bernadine (25 March 1983). ["Ready-to-Wear: Elegance in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/25/style/ready-to-wear-elegance-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: B6. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205700/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/25/style/ready-to-wear-elegance-in-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Everything looked rich and luxurious, even his simple sweaters, which had a panel of sequins at the back or a rim of black fur at the cuffs." 61. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-61)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (28 March 1984). ["Lagerfeld's New Look"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1984/03/28/lagerfelds-new-look/a7c6b67a-85a5-456c-a040-e0ce257f0d84/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241218234620/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1984/03/28/lagerfelds-new-look/a7c6b67a-85a5-456c-a040-e0ce257f0d84/) from the original on 18 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...teamed one angora sweater with a leather lace skirt. 'Wow, is that skirt going to be expensive ... even for Texas,' said Bob Sakowitz, head of the Houston-based Sakowitz stores." 62. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-62)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1983". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 387. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Sharp, daytime tailoring...distinguished the collections of Saint Laurent, Givenchy, Valentino and Ungaro. Suits were styled with wide revers and shoulders above tiny, cinched waists." 63. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-63)** McColl, Patricia (17 March 1985). ["Fashion Preview: Paris Takes a Wide View"](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/17/magazine/fashion-preview-paris-takes-a-wide-view.html). *The New York Times Magazine*: 69. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211205131952/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/17/magazine/fashion-preview-paris-takes-a-wide-view.html) from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021. "...Valentino...tried to cut down on shoulder padding. Unfortunately, he says, 'Everything looks better with it'." 64. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:1_64-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:1_64-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 March 1983). ["Valentino Shines in Paris Amid Strong French Shows"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/22/style/valentino-shines-in-paris-amid-strong-french-shows.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220705224103/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/22/style/valentino-shines-in-paris-amid-strong-french-shows.html) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 65. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-65)** ["Valentino Garavani (1932 – 2026): A Look Back at the Legendary Designer and his Impact Through the Years"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/gallery/fashion-designer-valentino-life-photos-1235177052/). 27 September 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251125070945/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/gallery/fashion-designer-valentino-life-photos-1235177052/) from the original on 25 November 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 66. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:2_66-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:2_66-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 September 1982). ["A Toast to Valentino and to Opulence"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/22/garden/a-toast-to-valentino-and-to-opulence.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220703142501/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/22/garden/a-toast-to-valentino-and-to-opulence.html) from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. 67. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-67)** "Valentino". [*1983 Lincoln • Mark VI • Continental*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Brochure/image20.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1982. pp. 38–39\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220616042511/http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Brochure/image20.html) from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 68. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-68)** [*1984 Continental Mark VII, Continental, Lincoln Town Car*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1984_Lincoln/1984_Lincoln_Brochure/1984%20Lincoln-15.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1983. pp. 24–25\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220701085214/http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1984_Lincoln/1984_Lincoln_Brochure/1984%20Lincoln-15.html) from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 69. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-69)** [*1985 Continental, Continental Mark VII, Lincoln Town Car*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1985_Lincoln/1985%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Prestige%20Brochure/image18.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1984. pp. 34–35. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 70. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-2) Friedman, Vanessa (19 January 2026). ["Valentino Garavani, Regal Designer and Fashion's 'Last Emperor,' Dies at 93"](https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/19/style/valentino-garavani-dead.html). *New York Times*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 71. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-71)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1982". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 379. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "The...short and lean...theme...was seen at Saint Laurent, Valentino, Chloé, Mugler and Montana, in deep, poster-paint colors and was worn with high heels, dramatic millinery and loud paste jewellery." 72. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:3_72-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:3_72-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (4 April 1982). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/04/04/fashion-notes/5ecaeead-41b0-4bbc-9816-8be9bb41ab35/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220526123713/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/04/04/fashion-notes/5ecaeead-41b0-4bbc-9816-8be9bb41ab35/) from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 73. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-73)** Luther, Marylou (24 October 1985). ["Fashion"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/10/24/fashion/d5a70038-eac5-4e43-880c-e3bdbfeccd4e/). *The Washington Post*. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Narrow linen jackets zip open... to reveal equally narrow sheath dresses....Valentino uses godet back insets to make walking easier in the narrow skirts." 74. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-74)** Morris, Bernadine (22 October 1986). ["Defining Fashion's Changing Shape: Ruffles, Petticoats"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/22/garden/defining-fashion-s-changing-shape-ruffles-petticoats.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/22/garden/defining-fashion-s-changing-shape-ruffles-petticoats.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...also offers the choice of longer, easier clothes." 75. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-75)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (7 August 1983). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/08/07/fashion-notes/d423e218-2a22-413f-9640-9627164e9358/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221141555/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/08/07/fashion-notes/d423e218-2a22-413f-9640-9627164e9358/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "The big news...is the chemise. Yves Saint Laurent did it, so did Hanae Mori, Valentino, Pierre Cardin, Hubert de Givenchy and probably more." 76. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-76)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (22 October 1983). ["Refining the Look"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/10/22/refining-the-look/5262e3e1-7b68-4852-bcdb-218da47f86b0/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240720154824/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/10/22/refining-the-look/5262e3e1-7b68-4852-bcdb-218da47f86b0/) from the original on 20 July 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Chemises,...plumb line in shape at Valentino..." 77. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-77)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (23 October 1980). ["Familiar Wrinkles"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/10/23/familiar-wrinkles/690fd75b-b88b-454c-9e85-d6f0739052d3/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241204105308/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/10/23/familiar-wrinkles/690fd75b-b88b-454c-9e85-d6f0739052d3/) from the original on 4 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino shows a lot of jodhpurs cut off at the knee, or toreadors....\[I\]f the Valentino customers are any example, women will be wearing shorts next summer." 78. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:4_78-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:4_78-1) Morris, Bernadine (30 March 1984). ["Paris Shows: Few Peaks and Many Valleys"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/30/style/paris-shows-few-peaks-and-many-valleys.html). *The New York Times*: A20. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/30/style/paris-shows-few-peaks-and-many-valleys.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 79. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-79)** Morris, Bernadine (3 April 1984). ["The Best of Europe's Fashions"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/03/style/the-best-of-europe-s-fashions.html). *The New York Times*: A29. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205700/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/03/style/the-best-of-europe-s-fashions.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Karl Lagerfeld...and Yves Saint Laurent are the dominant designers in Paris today. Both were overshadowed by the reception given the Valentino collection..." 80. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:5_80-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:5_80-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (21 October 1987). ["The Index is Up on Short Hemlines"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/10/21/the-index-is-up-on-short-hemlines/7f4383c3-e02a-494d-a21c-d24e5c1cab4d/). *The Washington Post*. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 81. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-81)** Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1986). ["The Report from Paris: Clear Color, Easy Shapes"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/style/the-report-from-paris-clear-color-easy-shapes.html). *The New York Times*: A24. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/style/the-report-from-paris-clear-color-easy-shapes.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "...the three best collections, those of Yves Saint Laurent, Valentino and Karl Lagerfeld." 82. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-82)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (3 April 1988). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/04/03/fashion-notes/a78dcab2-3bb9-4dc5-9188-1aa12ee6ae33/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250122233612/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/04/03/fashion-notes/a78dcab2-3bb9-4dc5-9188-1aa12ee6ae33/) from the original on 22 January 2025. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Strictly short: Christian Lacroix, Geoffrey Beene, Patrick Kelly, Valentino -- 'four fingers above the knee,' he insists." 83. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-83)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (31 July 1988). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/07/31/fashion-notes/d65098fd-9e77-4305-abc5-686a455326e6/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241220102153/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/07/31/fashion-notes/d65098fd-9e77-4305-abc5-686a455326e6/) from the original on 20 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 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[Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110217083410/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/28/nyregion/chronicle-042790.html) from the original on 17 February 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012. 86. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-86)** Galbraith, Robert (15 January 2002). ["Italian Group Eager to Sell Off Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/15/news/italian-group-eager-to-sell-off-valentino.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. [International Herald Tribune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune "International Herald Tribune"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250130085218/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/15/news/italian-group-eager-to-sell-off-valentino.html) from the original on 30 January 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 87. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-87)** Kaiser, Amanda (1 July 2005). ["Marzotto plans to spin off its fashion interests into a new group called Valentino Fashion Group"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/feature/marzotto-plans-to-spin-off-its-fashion-interests-into-a-new-group-called-valentino-fashion-group-570023-1965988/). Retrieved 20 January 2026. 88. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-88)** Galbraith, Robert (15 January 2002). ["Italian Group Eager to Sell Off Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/05/business/05fashion.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230622075000/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/05/business/05fashion.html) from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 89. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-89)** Jucca, Lisa; Meads, Simon; Dinesh, Nair; Ciancio, Antonella; Sovich, Nina (12 July 2012). Walker, Sophie (ed.). ["Qatari royals buy Italian fashion icon Valentino"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-valentino-qatar-idUSBRE86B0TH20120712). [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters "Reuters"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191115154756/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-valentino-qatar-idUSBRE86B0TH20120712) from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019. 90. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-90)** ["Fashion legend Valentino retires"](https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6978661.stm). *BBC News*. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 27 May 2010. 91. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-91)** ["Valentino wins standing ovation for last-ever ready-to-wear show"](https://www.indiaretailing.com//2007/10/04/valentino-wins-standing-ovation-for-last-ever-ready-to-wear-show). *www.indiaretailing.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250418203303/https://www.indiaretailing.com/2007/10/04/valentino-wins-standing-ovation-for-last-ever-ready-to-wear-show/) from the original on 18 April 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 92. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-92)** ["Enjoy England – My Favourite Trips"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080529054322/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/main.jhtml?xml=%2Ffashion%2F2008%2F01%2F23%2Fefdandg123.xml). *The Daily Telegraph*. London. Archived from [the original](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/main.jhtml?xml=/fashion/2008/01/23/efdandg123.xml) on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 27 May 2010. 93. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-93)** ["End of an era as Valentino presents his last haute couture"](https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/20080124967210/valentino-swan-song/). *HELLO\!*. 23 January 2008. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250719091415/https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/20080124967210/valentino-swan-song/) from the original on 19 July 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 94. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-94)** ["Paris Couture – Day Three"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110611160025/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2008-01/080123-paris-couture--day-three.aspx). *Vogue*. 23 January 2008. Archived from [the original](https://www.vogue.co.uk/vogue_daily/story/story.asp?stid=50063&date=&sid=) on 11 June 2011. 95. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-95)** Borrelli-Persson, Laird (7 July 2016). ["Maria Grazia Chiuri's and Pierpaolo Piccioli's Stunning Valentino Pieces in \_Vogue\_"](https://www.vogue.com/article/valentino-in-vogue-maria-grazia-chiuri). *Vogue*. 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[Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230605144216/https://www.vogue.com/article/valentino-maria-grazia-chiuri) from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2026. 99. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-99)** ["Valentino Enters Its Alessandro Michele Era (Published 2024)"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/style/valentino-alessandro-michele.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. 28 March 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250620012137/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/style/valentino-alessandro-michele.html) from the original on 20 June 2025. Retrieved 19 January 2026. 100. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-100)** ["The Devil Wears Prada"](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0458352). *IMDb.com*. 30 June 2006. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210415212619/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0458352/) from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2012. 101. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-101)** Phoon, Fei (19 September 2008). ["Couturier Valentino shows softer side in new film"](https://edition.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Movies/09/19/valentino.movie/index.html). *CNN*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191229113735/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Movies/09/19/valentino.movie/index.html) from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 102. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-Variety_102-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-Variety_102-1) Donnelly, Matt (19 January 2026). ["How Valentino Made Hollywood the Enduring Obsession of the Fashion World"](https://variety.com/2026/film/news/valentino-hollywood-legacy-matt-tyrnauer-last-emperor-doc-1236634869/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260120153633/https://variety.com/2026/film/news/valentino-hollywood-legacy-matt-tyrnauer-last-emperor-doc-1236634869/) from the original on 20 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 103. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-103)** ["Matt Tyrnauer's Tale of Empire"](https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/matt-tyrnauer-valentino-the-last-emperor). 18 March 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 104. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-Tdb_104-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-Tdb_104-1) Tyrnauer, Matt, ["My Fight with Valentino"](https://www.thedailybeast.com/my-fight-with-valentino) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210228040824/https://www.thedailybeast.com/my-fight-with-valentino) 28 February 2021 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine"), thedailybeast.com, 7 December 2009, updated 14 July 2017. Partial citation. Retrieved 3 September 2019. 105. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-105)** Wilson, Cintra (28 June 2007). ["A Vanishing Tribe, but Well Dressed for Extinction"](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/28/fashion/28CRITIC.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. 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Retrieved 20 January 2026. 108. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-108)** ["2011 Couture Council Artistry of Fashion Award: Valentino"](https://web.archive.org/web/20111010232016/http://www.fitnyc.edu/10131.asp). *Museum at FIT*. Archived from [the original](http://www.fitnyc.edu/10131.asp) on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2011. 109. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-109)** ["Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"](https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/). *www.achievement.org*. [American Academy of Achievement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Academy_of_Achievement "American Academy of Achievement"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200608012051/https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/) from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020. 110. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-110)** ["2017 International Achievement Summit"](https://achievement.org/summit/2017/). [American Academy of Achievement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement "Academy of Achievement"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200917235312/https://achievement.org/summit/2017/) from the original on 17 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020. 111. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-111)** ["Valentino Garavani receives Outstanding Achievement Award at Fashion Awards 2023"](https://www.theglassmagazine.com/valentino-garavani-receives-outstanding-achievement-award-at-fashion-awards-2023/). *The Glass Magazine*. 28 September 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240909072217/https://theglassmagazine.com/valentino-garavani-receives-outstanding-achievement-award-at-fashion-awards-2023/) from the original on 9 September 2024. Retrieved 3 October 2023. 112. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-112)** ["Valentino Garavani sera récompensé aux Fashion Awards 2023"](https://www.lofficiel.com/industry-trends/valentino-garavani-prix-fashion-awards-2023). *L'Officiel*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231130201510/https://www.lofficiel.com/industry-trends/valentino-garavani-prix-fashion-awards-2023) from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023. 113. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-113)** ["Qui sont les lauréats des Fashion Awards 2023 ?"](https://www.vogue.fr/article/fashion-awards-2023-vainqueurs). *Vogue France*. 5 December 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231230003216/https://www.vogue.fr/article/fashion-awards-2023-vainqueurs) from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 5 March 2024. 114. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-114)** ["BFC to Hand Top Prize to Valentino Garavani at Fashion Awards"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/bfc-hand-top-prize-valentino-garavani-fashion-awards-1235840580/). *WWD*. 27 September 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20231204145341/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/bfc-hand-top-prize-valentino-garavani-fashion-awards-1235840580/) from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 March 2024. 115. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-115)** Freeman, A. L. (19 July 2012). ["An Open-Air Museum in Rome, With the Rules to Match"](https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/20/greathomesanddestinations/20iht-rerome20.html). *The New York Times*. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_\(identifier\) "ISSN (identifier)") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220830135207/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/20/greathomesanddestinations/20iht-rerome20.html) from the original on 30 August 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022. 116. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-116)** ["Peek Inside Valentino's Ornate Tuscan Villa, Listed For \$13.2M"](https://www.dwell.com/article/villa-la-vagnola-renzo-mongiardino-tuscany-real-estate-1e65117e). Dwell. 20 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201022095542/https://www.dwell.com/article/villa-la-vagnola-renzo-mongiardino-tuscany-real-estate-1e65117e) from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 117. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-117)** ["Valentino Cofounder Giancarlo Giammetti Just Listed His Manhattan Penthouse for \$17.5 Million"](https://robbreport.com/shelter/celebrity-homes/giancarlo-giammetti-valentino-new-york-penthouse-1236751846/). Robb Report. 20 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251209161254/https://robbreport.com/shelter/celebrity-homes/giancarlo-giammetti-valentino-new-york-penthouse-1236751846/) from the original on 9 December 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 118. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-118)** ["Step Inside Valentino Garavani's House Near Paris"](https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/valentino-garavani-paris-chateau-pigeonnier-article). AD.com. 20 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20181008064240/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/valentino-garavani-paris-chateau-pigeonnier-article) from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 119. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-homes_119-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-homes_119-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-homes_119-2) ["Looking back at the late fashion designer Valentino Garavani's many beautiful homes"](https://www.houseandgarden.co.uk/gallery/where-did-valentino-garavani-live-houses-rome-paris-gstaad). Houseandgarden. 20 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 120. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-120)** ["Irmãos brasileiros herdam fortuna de Valentino Garavani; Saiba quem são"](https://oglobo.globo.com/ela/gente/noticia/2026/01/19/irmaos-brasileiros-herdam-fortuna-de-valentino-garavani-saiba-quem-sao.ghtml) (in Portuguese). Globo. 20 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260120050111/https://oglobo.globo.com/ela/gente/noticia/2026/01/19/irmaos-brasileiros-herdam-fortuna-de-valentino-garavani-saiba-quem-sao.ghtml) from the original on 20 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 121. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-121)** ["Chi è Vernon Bruce Hoeksema, l'altro grande amore di Valentino Garavani"](https://www.elle.com/it/showbiz/celebrities/a70055713/chi-e-vernon-bruce-hoeksema-fidanzato-valentino-garavani/) (in Italian). Elle. 20 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 122. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-122)** Laurenzi, Laura (29 June 2007). ["Valentino, 45 anni da re della moda 'Ho amato l'attrice Marilù Tolo'"](http://www.repubblica.it/2007/06/sezioni/persone/valentino-moda/valentino-moda/valentino-moda.html). *Repubblica*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110301070233/http://www.repubblica.it/2007/06/sezioni/persone/valentino-moda/valentino-moda/valentino-moda.html) from the original on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2011. 123. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF_August_2004_123-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF_August_2004_123-1) *Vanity Fair*, August 2004. 124. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-auto_124-0)** ["Valentino, chiusa la camera ardente: 10mila visitatori in due giorni"](https://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/cronaca/foto/valentino-camera-ardente_108174543-202602k.shtml). tgcom24.mediaset.it. tgcom24.mediaset.it. 22 January 2026. Retrieved 23 January 2026. 125. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-125)** ["Italian fashion designer Valentino dies"](https://news.sky.com/story/italian-fashion-designer-valentino-dies-13496264). *Sky News*. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 19 January 2026. 126. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-126)** ["Valentino Garavani, Designer to Royals & Stars, Passes Away at 93; Funeral Set for Friday in Rome"](https://sundayguardianlive.com/trending/death-news-valentino-garavani-designer-to-royals-and-stars-passes-away-at-93-funeral-set-for-friday-in-rome-165336/). Sunday Guardian Live.com. 20 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 127. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-127)** ["Valentino Garavani's Funeral Draws Anne Hathaway, Anna Wintour and a Star-Studded Fashion Crowd to Mourn the Legendary Designer"](https://people.com/valentino-garavani-funeral-draws-anne-hathaway-star-studded-fashion-crowd-11891219). *People.com*. Retrieved 26 January 2026. 128. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-128)** ["Valentino, la scelta sulla sepoltura: la cappella di famiglia e l'ultimo gesto d'amore di Giammetti"](https://www.ilmessaggero.it/italia/valentino_dove_sepolto_cimitero_funerale_cosa_sappiamo_ultime_notizie-9315264.html). *www.ilmessaggero.it* (in Italian). 23 January 2026. Retrieved 26 January 2026. 129. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-reactions_129-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-reactions_129-1) ["The World reacts to Valentino's Death"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/valentino-death-reactions-1238463175/). WWD.com. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 19 January 2026. 130. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-130)** Narciso, Chiara (31 May 2022). ["The heritage of the 'last emperor of fashion' in his 90 years of life: Valentino Garavani"](https://lampoonmagazine.com/the-heritage-of-valentino-garavani/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250909172323/https://lampoonmagazine.com/the-heritage-of-valentino-garavani/) from the original on 9 September 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 131. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-131)** ["The empire of Valentino, the story of the creator of timeless elegance and fashion"](https://www.lofficielibiza.com/fashion/valentino-garavani-designer-history-fashion). *www.lofficielibiza.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251009023648/https://www.lofficielibiza.com/fashion/valentino-garavani-designer-history-fashion) from the original on 9 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 132. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-132)** Scaramuzzino, Maria (11 May 2022). ["Valentino, ninety springs for the last fashion emperor - italiani.it"](https://en.italiani.it/valentino-birthday-italian-designer/). *italiani.it*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251014032416/https://en.italiani.it/valentino-birthday-italian-designer/) from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 133. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-133)** ["Valentino Garavani Celebrates His 90th Birthday with Special Exhibition and Limited-Edition Merch"](https://graziamagazine.com/us/articles/valentino-90th-birthday-exhibition-sweatshirt/). 11 May 2022. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625223626/https://graziamagazine.com/us/articles/valentino-90th-birthday-exhibition-sweatshirt/) from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 134. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-134)** ["Mr. Valentino Garavani to be honoured with the Outstanding Achievement Award at the Fashion Awards 2023"](https://www.britishfashioncouncil.co.uk/bfcnews/4770/MR-VALENTINO-GARAVANI-TO-BE-HONOURED-WITH-THE-OUTSTANDING-ACHIEVEMENT-AWARD-AT-THE-FASHION-AWARDS-2023-). *[British Fashion Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Fashion_Council "British Fashion Council")*. 27 September 2023. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251015201539/https://www.britishfashioncouncil.co.uk/bfcnews/4770/MR-VALENTINO-GARAVANI-TO-BE-HONOURED-WITH-THE-OUTSTANDING-ACHIEVEMENT-AWARD-AT-THE-FASHION-AWARDS-2023-) from the original on 15 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 135. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NBCobit_135-0)** ["Valentino, founder of Italian luxury empire, dies at 93"](https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/valentino-italian-fashion-dies-rcna254824). [NBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_News "NBC News"). 19 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260120172507/https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/valentino-italian-fashion-dies-rcna254824) from the original on 20 January 2026. Retrieved 19 January 2026. 136. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:0_136-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:0_136-1) Parul, Prakriti (20 January 2026). ["Valentino Garavani, Designer to Royals & Stars, Passes Away at 93; Funeral Set for Friday in Rome"](https://sundayguardianlive.com/trending/final-curtain-drops-valentino-garavani-designer-to-royals-and-stars-passes-away-at-93-funeral-set-for-friday-in-rome-165336/). *The Sunday Guardian*. Retrieved 22 January 2026. 137. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-wobit_137-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-wobit_137-1) ["Valentino Garavani, Fashion's 'Last Emperor' Dies at 93"](https://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/valentino-garavani-death-obituary). W Magazine. 19 January 2026. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260119210748/https://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/valentino-garavani-death-obituary) from the original on 19 January 2026. Retrieved 19 January 2026. ## External links \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=18 "Edit section: External links")\] [![Wikimedia Commons logo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg) Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Valentino Garavani](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Valentino_Garavani "commons:Category:Valentino Garavani"). - [Official website for *Valentino: The Last Emperor*](http://www.valentinomovie.com/); [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210214004021/http://www.valentinomovie.com/) 14 February 2021 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") documentary film - [Valentino Garavani](https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/valentino-garavani/) at [FMD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory "Fashion Model Directory") - [Valentino](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0884347/) at [IMDb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMDb_\(identifier\) "IMDb (identifier)") | [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Grands_couturiers "Template:Grands couturiers") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Grands_couturiers "Template talk:Grands couturiers") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grands_couturiers "Special:EditPage/Template:Grands couturiers")Members of the [Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambre_Syndicale_de_la_Haute_Couture "Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture") | | |---|---| | Members | [Adeline André](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adeline_Andr%C3%A9 "Adeline André") [Alexis Mabille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis_Mabille "Alexis Mabille") [Chanel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanel "Chanel") [Christian Dior](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dior "Dior") [Franck Sorbier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franck_Sorbier "Franck Sorbier") [Giambattista Valli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giambattista_Valli "Giambattista Valli") [Julien Fournié](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien_Fourni%C3%A9 "Julien Fournié") [Maison Margiela](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Margiela "Maison Margiela") [Schiaparelli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Schiaparelli "Maison Schiaparelli") [Stéphane Rolland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Rolland "Stéphane Rolland") | | See also | [List of grand couturiers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_grand_couturiers "List of grand couturiers") | | [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Geoffrey_Beene_Lifetime_Achievement_Award "Template:Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Geoffrey_Beene_Lifetime_Achievement_Award "Template talk:Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey_Beene_Lifetime_Achievement_Award "Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award")[Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Beene_Lifetime_Achievement_Award "Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award") at the [CFDA Fashion Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFDA_Fashion_Awards "CFDA Fashion Awards") | |---| | 1984: [James Galanos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Galanos "James Galanos") 1985: [Katharine Hepburn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn "Katharine Hepburn") 1986: [Bill Blass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Blass "Bill Blass") 1987: [Giorgio Armani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Armani "Giorgio Armani") 1988: [Nancy Reagan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Reagan "Nancy Reagan") 1989: [Oscar de la Renta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta "Oscar de la Renta") 1990: [Martha Graham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Graham "Martha Graham") 1991: [Ralph Lauren](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Lauren "Ralph Lauren") 1997: [Geoffrey Beene](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Beene "Geoffrey Beene") 1999: [Yves Saint Laurent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_\(designer\) "Yves Saint Laurent (designer)") 2000: [Valentino Garavani]() 2001: [Calvin Klein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Klein "Calvin Klein") 2002: [Karl Lagerfeld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld "Karl Lagerfeld") 2003: [Anna Wintour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Wintour "Anna Wintour") 2004: [Donna Karan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_Karan "Donna Karan") 2005: [Diane von Fürstenberg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg "Diane von Fürstenberg") 2006: [Stan Herman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Herman "Stan Herman") 2007: [Robert Lee Morris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Lee_Morris "Robert Lee Morris") 2008: [Carolina Herrera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Herrera "Carolina Herrera") 2009: [Anna Sui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Sui "Anna Sui") 2010: [Michael Kors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Kors "Michael Kors") 2011: [Marc Jacobs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Jacobs "Marc Jacobs") 2012: [Tommy Hilfiger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger "Tommy Hilfiger") 2013: [Vera Wang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vera_Wang "Vera Wang") 2014: [Tom Ford](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Ford "Tom Ford") 2015: [Betsey Johnson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betsey_Johnson "Betsey Johnson") 2016: [Norma Kamali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_Kamali "Norma Kamali") 2017: [Rick Owens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Owens "Rick Owens") 2018: [Narciso Rodriguez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narciso_Rodriguez "Narciso Rodriguez") 2019: [Bob Mackie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Mackie "Bob Mackie") | | [Authority control databases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control") [![Edit this at Wikidata](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379664#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata") | | |---|---| | International | [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000110000424) [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/96112075) [GND](https://d-nb.info/gnd/11937126X) [FAST](https://id.worldcat.org/fast/127469) [WorldCat](https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgCFXBTcqMWrCxWPP8Qv3) | | National | [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84092241) [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12224278n) [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12224278n) [Italy](https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV025320) [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=utb2014824336&CON_LNG=ENG) [Norway](https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/10083824) [Latvia](https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000181901&P_CON_LNG=ENG) [Korea](https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020P1199) [Sweden](https://libris.kb.se/3mw957zr1273mmdx) [Poland](https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810605799205606) [Israel](https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007419980605171) [Catalonia](https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981061134038406706) | | Academics | [CiNii](https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11162445?l=en) | | Artists | [ULAN](https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500063219) [RKD Artists](https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/241711) [Victoria](https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/9730/) [South Australia](https://www.agsa.sa.gov.au/collection-publications/collection/creators/_/12161/) | | People | [Deutsche Synchronkartei](https://www.synchronkartei.de/person/3oYunNOfZ) [DDB](https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11937126X) | | Other | 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| Valentino[OMRI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") [OML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") | | |---|---| | [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Valentino_%28cropped%29.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_\(cropped\).jpg)Valentino at the [2007 Cannes Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Cannes_Film_Festival "2007 Cannes Film Festival") | | | Born | Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani 11 May 1932 [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), Lombardy, [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy "Kingdom of Italy") | | Died | 19 January 2026 (aged 93) [Rome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome "Rome"), Italy | | Education | [Beaux-Arts de Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne") | | Label | [Valentino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_house\) "Valentino (fashion house)") | | Partner | [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") (1960–2025) | | Awards | [Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour") [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters") [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris") | | Website | [valentino.com](http://valentino.com/) | **Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani** (Italian: [\[valenˈtiːno ɡaraˈvaːni\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian "Help:IPA/Italian"); 11 May 1932 – 19 January 2026), known [mononymously](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mononym "Mononym") as **Valentino**, was an Italian [fashion designer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_designer "Fashion designer") who founded [Valentino S.p.A.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_house\) "Valentino (fashion house)"), a luxury [fashion house](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_house "Fashion house"), in 1960 and served as its [creative director](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_director "Creative director") until 2007. A flamboyant designer noted for his [retro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro_style "Retro style") pieces and celebrity collaborations, he is regarded as one of the preeminent figures in *[haute couture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couture "Haute couture")*. Born in [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), Valentino apprenticed in fashion design at a young age before moving to [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris") to continue his studies. After attending the [Beaux-Arts de Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") and the [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne"), he began his career at [Jean Dessès](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Dess%C3%A8s "Jean Dessès") and [Guy Laroche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Laroche "Guy Laroche"), later returning to Rome to work under [Emilio Schuberth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Schuberth "Emilio Schuberth") and [Vincenzo Ferdinandi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Ferdinandi "Vincenzo Ferdinandi"). He had opened his own fashion house on [Via Condotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Condotti "Via Condotti") in 1960, achieving international recognition during the mid‑1960s. The Valentino brand continued to establish itself as a leading force in [high fashion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fashion "High fashion") throughout the 1970s and 1980s, at one point becoming the best-selling [Italian fashion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_fashion "Italian fashion") export. He was the first Italian designer to feature on Parisian *haute couture* [catwalks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catwalk "Catwalk"). His work further established itself as a staple of [celebrity culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_culture "Celebrity culture") during the 1990s. Valentino and his partner, [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti"), sold the company to [HdP Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCS_MediaGroup "RCS MediaGroup") for US\$300 million in 1998. He presented his final *haute couture* show in 2008, having stepped down as creative director the previous year. He was appointed a [Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1986 and a [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") in 1996, and was also made a [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour") and a [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters") in France, where he received the [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris"). ## Early life and education \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Early life and education")\] Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani was born on 11 May 1932 in [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera"), in the region of [Lombardy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombardy "Lombardy"), to Mauro Garavani and Teresa de Biaggi.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-1) His mother named him after [Rudolph Valentino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolph_Valentino "Rudolph Valentino"), a [matinée idol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matin%C3%A9e_idol "Matinée idol") of the 1920s.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-2) He developed an interest in fashion while still at primary school in Voghera, apprenticing under his aunt Rosa and local designer Ernestina Salvadeo, an aunt of the artist [Aldo Giorgini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo_Giorgini "Aldo Giorgini").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-3)[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-4) He later moved to Paris to pursue this interest with the support of his parents, where he studied at the [Beaux-Arts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris "Beaux-Arts de Paris") and the [École de la Chambre Syndicale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_la_chambre_syndicale_de_la_couture_parisienne "École de la chambre syndicale de la couture parisienne"), aged 18.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-kraimod.com-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) ### Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Beginnings in Paris and return to Italy (1951–1959)")\] | Rosso Valentino | | |---|---| | [![About these coordinates](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Color/Normalized_Color_Coordinates "About these coordinates") Color coordinates | | | [Hex triplet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_colors#Hex_triplet "Web colors") | \#E4002B | | [sRGB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB "SRGB")**B** ([r](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red "Red"), [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green "Green"), [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue "Blue")) | (228, 0, 43) | | [CMYK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMYK_color_model "CMYK color model")**H** ([c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyan "Cyan"), [m](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magenta "Magenta"), [y](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow "Yellow"), [k](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black "Black")) | (0, 100, 80, 0) | | [HSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV "HSL and HSV") ([h](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue "Hue"), [s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorfulness#Saturation "Colorfulness"), [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brightness "Brightness")) | (349°, 100%, 89%) | | [CIELChuv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIELChuv "CIELChuv") ([L](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightness "Lightness"), [C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorfulness "Colorfulness"), [h](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hue "Hue")) | (48, 154, 10°) | | Source | [valentino.com: Chiffon Short Dress](https://www.valentino.com/en-gb/product-chiffon-short-dress-BVAJ612UP_R9M) | | **B**: Normalized to \[0–255\] (byte) **H**: Normalized to \[0–100\] (hundred) | | Valentino secured a position with [Jean Dessès](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Dess%C3%A8s "Jean Dessès") for an apprenticeship in [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris") when 19,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) having first joined [Jacques Fath](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Fath "Jacques Fath"), followed by [Balenciaga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balenciaga "Balenciaga") and [Dior](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dior "Dior").[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-8) While an apprentice with Dessès, he assisted Countess [Jacqueline de Ribes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_de_Ribes "Jacqueline de Ribes") by sketching her dress ideas.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-9) After five years, Valentino departed following an incident during an extended holiday in [Saint-Tropez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Tropez "Saint-Tropez").[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) He joined his friend [Guy Laroche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Laroche "Guy Laroche") in 1956.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-10) After discussions with his parents,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-V&HUO-6) he opted to return to Italy and established himself in Rome in 1959, first as a pupil of [Emilio Schuberth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Schuberth "Emilio Schuberth") and then as a collaborator in [Vincenzo Ferdinandi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Ferdinandi "Vincenzo Ferdinandi")'s [atelier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atelier "Atelier"), prior to opening his own fashion house.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-FsA-11) ### Founding of Valentino (1960–1961) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Founding of Valentino (1960–1961)")\] [![A four-story yellow apartment block in Rome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG/250px-Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Campo_Marzio_-_palazzo_Mignanelli_1150599.JPG) [Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Gabrielli-Mignanelli "Palazzo Gabrielli-Mignanelli"), Valentino's Roman residence In 1960, Valentino left Paris and opened a [fashion house](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_house "Fashion house") in Rome on the fashionable [Via Condotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Condotti "Via Condotti"), supported by his father and a business associate.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) More than a simple atelier, his father said the premises resembled a *[maison de haute couture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haute_couture "Haute couture")* (lit. 'house of *haute couture*');[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) the operation was notably grand, with models flown in from Paris for his debut show.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) Valentino soon became known for his red dresses, in the vivid shade that the fashion industry remembered as *Rosso Valentino*.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-14) On 31 July 1960, Valentino met [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") at the Café de Paris on the [Via Veneto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Veneto "Via Veneto") in Rome.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-15) Giammetti, one of three children, was in his second year of [architecture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture "Architecture") school and living with his parents in the *haut bourgeois* [Parioli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parioli "Parioli") district.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) That day, he gave Valentino a lift home in his [Fiat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat "Fiat"), beginning a friendship that soon developed into a long‑lasting partnership.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) Giammetti left for a holiday in [Capri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capri "Capri") the following day and, by coincidence, Valentino was also travelling there; they met again on the island 10 days later. Shortly afterwards, Giammetti abandoned his university studies to become Valentino's business partner and [life partner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_partner "Life partner"). When he joined the enterprise, the financial situation of Valentino's atelier was precarious: within a year, Valentino's excessive expenditure led his father's associate to withdraw from the business, leaving him close to bankruptcy.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-16) In 1961, [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor"), who was in Rome for the filming of *[Cleopatra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra_\(1963_film\) "Cleopatra (1963 film)")*, chose Valentino's white *haute couture* column for the premiere of *[Spartacus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_\(film\) "Spartacus (film)")*.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) ### Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Breakthrough in Florence (1962–1969)")\] Valentino's international debut took place in 1962 in [Florence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence "Florence"), then the Italian fashion capital.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-kraimod.com-5) Former [first lady of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_lady_of_the_United_States "First lady of the United States"), [Jacqueline Kennedy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy "Jacqueline Kennedy"), had seen [Gloria Schiff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Schiff "Gloria Schiff")—the twin sister of the Rome-based fashion editor of American *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* and Valentino's friend [Consuelo Crespi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consuelo_Crespi "Consuelo Crespi")—wearing a two-piece ensemble in black [organza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organza "Organza") at a gathering in 1964. It made such an impression that Kennedy contacted Schiff to learn the name of the ensemble's designer: Valentino. In September 1964, Valentino was in the United States to present a collection of his work at a [charity ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charity_ball "Charity ball") at the [Waldorf-Astoria New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_New_York "Waldorf-Astoria New York"). Kennedy wanted to view the collection but could not attend the event, so Valentino decided to send a model, sales representative, and a selection of key pieces from his collection to Kennedy's apartment on [Fifth Avenue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenue "Fifth Avenue"). Kennedy ordered six of his *haute couture* dresses, all in black-and-white, and wore them during her year of mourning following [the assassination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy "Assassination of John F. Kennedy") of her husband, President [John F. Kennedy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy "John F. Kennedy"). From then on, she became a devoted client and friend of Valentino.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-17) Valentino later designed the white [gown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gown "Gown") worn by Kennedy at her wedding to Greek business magnate [Aristotle Onassis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle_Onassis "Aristotle Onassis").[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_romantic_turn-18) In 1966, he moved his shows from Florence to Rome, where the following year he produced an all-white collection that became famous for the "V" logo he designed.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-19)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_romantic_turn-18) His all-white *couture* collection of 1968 set him "solidly in the firmature of Italian design", described by *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* as "the talk of Europe".[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) He was the first Italian designer to feature in the Paris *haute couture* scene.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-20) ### Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Switch to retro styles and international fame (1970–1979)")\] [![A white dress with clear sleeves and dotted adornments](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg/250px-Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_evening_gown_for_Audrey_Hepburn.jpg) A dress worn by [Audrey Hepburn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn "Audrey Hepburn") at The Proust Ball at [Château de Ferrières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Ferri%C3%A8res "Château de Ferrières") in 1971 Throughout the 1970s, Valentino's womenswear for both *couture* and [ready-to-wear](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready-to-wear "Ready-to-wear") generally followed the trends of the time, opening the decade with an emphasis on [midi-skirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midi-skirt "Midi-skirt") worn over [miniskirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniskirt#1970s "Miniskirt");[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_midi-21)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22) fitted, knee-high boots; trousers;[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) and foreign looks.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) In 1971, he paired more brightly colored midis and knee-length skirts with that year's vogue for [hot pants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pants "Hot pants"),[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) also continuing to show trousers like [culottes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culottes "Culottes") and [knickers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knickers "Knickers") with the gently flared standard trouser of the time.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) He was noted for his tailored clothes.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) The [1940s revival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1970s "Shoulder pads (fashion)") was his focus for a time,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) and Valentino showed [platform shoes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_shoes "Platform shoes"),[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24) [padded shoulders](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pad_\(fashion\) "Shoulder pad (fashion)"), and knee-length skirts,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:16-25) all along with occasional forays into 1930s and 1950s styles,[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) kept modern by an emphasis on pants.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26) In 1972, he started the year favoring trousers but ended it showing only skirts,[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:14-27) including being one of the only designers to present [day dresses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_dress "Day dress") in a period dominated by [separates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separates_\(clothing\) "Separates (clothing)").[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-28) He endorsed the favored full sleeves and layering that were seen on many runways and continued to move away from his trademark monotone or bicolor palette—often cream or red.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:13-29)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:15-26)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23)[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:14-27) A knee-length, square-shouldered 1940s revival was prevalent again in 1973,[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:12-30)[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-31) continuing with bright prints, including a [Bakst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bakst "Léon Bakst") influence.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:12-30) During this era, his evening styles were often ruffled and sometimes had asymmetric hems,[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_hems-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23)[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:13-29)[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-32)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:17-24) other times a single, barely discernible letter on a belt or scarf.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-nyt_exotic_and_elegant-23) The mid-1970s move toward [fuller peasant silhouettes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970s_in_fashion#The_Big_Look_or_Soft_Look "1970s in fashion") was seen in Valentino's work somewhat—[dirndl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirndl "Dirndl") skirts,[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33) off-the-shoulder [flounces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruffle_\(sewing\) "Ruffle (sewing)"), [petticoats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petticoat "Petticoat"),[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-34) [blousons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blouson "Blouson"),[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-35) [shawls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawl "Shawl"),[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:10-36) [ponchos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poncho "Poncho"),[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33) and layering[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37)—but he deemphasized the look's characteristic boots and was sometimes criticized for including styles that were too heavily constructed and stiff in this period of minimal construction and flowing shapes,[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37)[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:11-33)[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-38) as well as for emphasizing conspicuous-consumption wealth projection during the more egalitarian atmosphere of the time.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:10-36) He then returned to his serviceable presentation of monochrome and bicolor garment groupings.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:9-37) With the [Fall 1978](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#Fall_1978 "Shoulder pads (fashion)") move towards big shoulders, formal suits, and a more [conspicuous consumption](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspicuous_consumption "Conspicuous consumption"), mid–20th century [retro style](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro_style "Retro style"), Valentino presented shapes that echoed the [big shoulders of the 1930s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1930_to_1945 "Shoulder pads (fashion)") and adopted the seductive styles being favored by designers in narrow, slit skirts and black bras worn on their own under padded-shoulder jackets.[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-39)[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-40)[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-41) Along with many other designers, he continued to show this style the following year in stiffly structured, broad-shouldered jackets and dresses presented with retro accessories such as hats, gloves, and cinch belts.[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-42)[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-43) This padded-shoulder, high-glamour style would continue to dominate fashion into the 1980s and bring Valentino unprecedented fame.[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-44) Throughout the 1970s, Valentino spent considerable time in [New York City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City "New York City"), where his presence was embraced by society personalities such as *Vogue*'s editor-in-chief [Diana Vreeland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_Vreeland "Diana Vreeland") and the art icon [Andy Warhol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol "Andy Warhol").[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:8-45) ### Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Cultural prominence and acclaim (1980–1989)")\] Valentino is one of the favorite designers of actress [Joan Collins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Collins "Joan Collins"),[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-46) famous as one of the stars of the popular U.S. television show [*Dynasty*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynasty_\(1981_TV_series\) "Dynasty (1981 TV series)") (1981–1989), bringing the designer additional visibility and name recognition among the public.[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-48) The era's conspicuous consumption, 1940s and 1950s–inspired [ballgowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballgown "Ballgown"), [cocktail dresses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocktail_dress "Cocktail dress"),[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-49) and broad-shouldered, sharply tailored suits were taken up with aplomb by Valentino,[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-50)[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-51) whose style at the time was similar to that of [Givenchy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchy "Hubert de Givenchy") and [Oscar de la Renta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta "Oscar de la Renta").[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-52)[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-53) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini%2C_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg/250px-Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini%2C_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Anna_Bonomi_Bolchini,_Valentino_e_Ornella_Vanoni.jpg) Valentino (center) with [Ornella Vanoni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornella_Vanoni "Ornella Vanoni") and Anna Bonomi Bolchini A few themes remained constant throughout his eighties collections: his familiar color groupings;[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-54)[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-55)[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-56) his penchant for blatant displays of luxury, wealth, and opulence;[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:7-57)[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-58)[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:6-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-60)[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-61) broad [shoulder padding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_pads_\(fashion\)#1980s "Shoulder pads (fashion)");[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-62)[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-63) and a more comfortable cut than he was showing at the start of the big-shoulder era at the end of the 1970s.[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:1-64) He continued to show his ready-to-wear collections in Paris and his couture collections in Rome.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-65) From 1983 to 1985, Valentino contributed a Valentino Edition to the [Continental](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Continental "Lincoln Continental") line of U.S. carmaker [Lincoln](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company "Lincoln Motor Company").[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:2-66)[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-67)[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-68)[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-69) The uniforms worn by [Italian athletes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics "Italy at the 1984 Summer Olympics") at the [1984 Summer Olympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics "1984 Summer Olympics"), held in Los Angeles, were designed by Valentino.[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70) In 1986, *Vogue* reported that Valentino was the largest Italian fashion exporter, with international sales of US\$385 million.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) In the first half of the 1980s, he mostly followed the short, narrow skirt line with broad-shouldered tops also followed by [Yves Saint Laurent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_\(designer\) "Yves Saint Laurent (designer)"), Givenchy, [Emanuel Ungaro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuel_Ungaro "Emanuel Ungaro"), and others,[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-71)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:3-72)[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-73) but also presented longer, looser looks,[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-74)[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:2-66) the [chemise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemise "Chemise") dresses of the era,[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-75)[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-76) and a variety of pant shapes.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-77) During the mid-1980s, the fashion press and buyers often rated him higher than other Paris designers,[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:4-78)[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-79)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:1-64)[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:5-80) ranking him with Saint Laurent and [Karl Lagerfeld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld "Karl Lagerfeld").[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:4-78)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:3-72)[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-81) He felt confident enough with this elevated stature that, in 1985, he added his moniker to a line of designer jeans.[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:6-59) Like other designers, he showed a variety of [miniskirts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniskirt#1980s_and_1990s "Miniskirt") throughout the eighties among his other lengths and garments,[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:7-57) and he joined the rest of the fashion world in 1987–88 in showing almost exclusively mini lengths for two seasons and then followed his colleagues by the end of 1988 in retreating from an exclusive mini-length focus.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:5-80)[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-82)[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-83)[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-84) ### Accademia Valentino (1990–1997) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Accademia Valentino (1990–1997)")\] 1990 marked the opening of the Accademia Valentino, designed by architect [Tommaso Ziffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Ziffer "Tommaso Ziffer"), a cultural space located near Valentino's atelier in Rome for the presentation of art exhibitions. The next year—encouraged by their friend [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor")—Valentino Garavani and [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") created L.I.F.E., an association for the support of [HIV/AIDS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS "HIV/AIDS")–related patients, which benefitted from the activities of the Accademia Valentino.[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-85) Throughout the 1990s, his work was seen as the antithesis of the dominant [grunge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunge "Grunge") trend, while becoming a staple of the rising [celebrity culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_culture "Celebrity culture").[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) ### Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008) \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: Sale of company and retirement (1998–2008)")\] [![A mannequin wearing a beige wedding dress at the top of corner-stairs with the bridal veil draping down the steps](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg/250px-Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_wedding_dress.jpg) A wedding dress by Valentino In 1998, Valentino and his partner Giammetti sold the company for approximately US\$300 million to [HdP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCS_MediaGroup "RCS MediaGroup"), an Italian conglomerate controlled, in part, by [Gianni Agnelli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Agnelli "Gianni Agnelli").[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-86) In 2002, Valentino S.p.A.—with revenues of more than \$180 million—was sold by HdP to Milan-based textiles giant [Marzotto Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marzotto_Group "Marzotto Group") for \$210 million, including lucrative deals for Valentino and Giammetti.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-87) The brand was owned by [private equity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_equity "Private equity") group [Permira](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permira "Permira") from 2007 onwards, which had acquired the brand from the Marzotto Group for \$3.5 billion.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-88) It was later sold to the [Qatari royal family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatari_royal_family "Qatari royal family") for [€](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro "Euro")700 million through an [investment vehicle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_vehicle "Investment vehicle") called [Mayhoola for Investments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayhoola_for_Investments "Mayhoola for Investments").[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-89) On 4 September 2007, Valentino announced that he would retire fully in January 2008 from the world stage after his final *haute couture* show in Paris.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-90) In October, he delivered his last women's ready-to-wear show in Paris, where he received a [standing ovation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing_ovation "Standing ovation").[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-91) His last *haute couture* show was presented in Paris at the [Musée Rodin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin "Musée Rodin") on 23 January 2008. The show was somewhat marred by his criticism of fellow Italian design duo [Dolce & Gabbana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana "Dolce & Gabbana") and the death of Australian actor [Heath Ledger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heath_Ledger "Heath Ledger"),[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-92) although he received a five-minute standing ovation from an audience that included hundreds of notable names from all areas of show business.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-93) Many models returned to attend Valentino's last *haute couture* show; the audience included [Eva Herzigová](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Herzigov%C3%A1 "Eva Herzigová"), [Naomi Campbell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naomi_Campbell "Naomi Campbell"), [Claudia Schiffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer "Claudia Schiffer"), [Nadja Auermann](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadja_Auermann "Nadja Auermann"), [Karolína Kurková](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1 "Karolína Kurková"), and [Karen Mulder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_Mulder "Karen Mulder").[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-94) In September 2007, Valentino decided to depart his role as creative director. [Maria Grazia Chiuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Grazia_Chiuri "Maria Grazia Chiuri") and [Pierpaolo Piccioli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierpaolo_Piccioli "Pierpaolo Piccioli") were at that point first nominated as creative directors of all accessories lines. before Valentino returned to fulfill his roles in 2009 after the sacking of [Alessandra Facchinetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandra_Facchinetti "Alessandra Facchinetti") in a public feud with Valentino and Giammetti.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-95)[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-96)[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-97) In July 2016, Piccioli assumed the role as Chiuri departed.[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-98) In March 2024, it was announced that [Alessandro Michele](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Michele "Alessandro Michele") would take over as creative director following his departure from [Gucci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gucci "Gucci").[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-99) [![Rear view of a black-and-white yacht docked at a harbour](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Valentino%27s.JPG/250px-Valentino%27s.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino%27s.JPG) Valentino's yacht moored in [Porto Santo Stefano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porto_Santo_Stefano "Porto Santo Stefano"), Monte Argentario, Tuscany, Italy In 2006, Valentino appeared in a [cameo role](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameo_role "Cameo role") as himself in the hit film *[The Devil Wears Prada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_\(film\) "The Devil Wears Prada (film)")*.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-100) *[Valentino: The Last Emperor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor")*, a feature-length documentary film on the designer, premiered at the 2008 [Venice International Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venice_International_Film_Festival "Venice International Film Festival").[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-101) Produced and directed by [Matt Tyrnauer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Tyrnauer "Matt Tyrnauer")—special correspondent for [*Vanity Fair* magazine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")—the film follows Valentino and his inner circle throughout various events, including an anniversary show celebrating his 45-year career.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Variety-102)[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-103) From June 2005 to July 2007, 250 hours of footage was shot with exclusive, unprecedented access to Valentino and his entourage; Tyrnauer said "we were let in to the inner circle, but we had to stick it out for a long time, practically move in, to capture the truly great moments. \[...\] Valentino is surrounded by a tight-knit family of friends and employees, but, eventually, their guard came down and they forgot there was a camera crew in the room." The film had its North American premiere at the 2008 [Toronto International Film Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival "Toronto International Film Festival") and was released theatrically in the United States on 18 March.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Tdb-104) The success of the film led to an increase in Hollywood fashion documentaries throughout the 2010s.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Variety-102) [![Line-up of mannequins wearing black, frilly dresses](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Valentino_black_dresses.jpg/250px-Valentino_black_dresses.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valentino_black_dresses.jpg) A collection of black dresses by Valentino at the [Museo Ara Pacis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Ara_Pacis "Museo Ara Pacis") in Rome Valentino was appointed a [Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Officer_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1985, upgraded to [Knight Grand Cross](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic "Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic") in 1986—the highest-ranking [Italian honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy "Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy")—and a [Knight of the Order of Merit for Labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_for_Labour "Order of Merit for Labour") in 1996.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-FsA-11) In July 2006, French president [Jacques Chirac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Chirac "Jacques Chirac") named Valentino a [Knight of the Legion of Honour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Legion_of_Honour "Knight of the Legion of Honour"), the highest [French order of chivalry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_France "Orders, decorations, and medals of France").[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-105) During the festivities for the 45th year of Valentino's international career in 2007, the [Mayor of Rome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Rome "Mayor of Rome")—[Walter Veltroni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Veltroni "Walter Veltroni")—announced that the site of the Valentino Museum would be a building near the [Circus Maximus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_Maximus "Circus Maximus"), which Valentino later snubbed in favour of a museum in Paris following the election of [Gianni Alemanno](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Alemanno "Gianni Alemanno"), and awarded him with the freedom of the city of Rome.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-106) In 2008, Valentino was presented with the [Medal of the City of Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_of_the_City_of_Paris "Medal of the City of Paris") for his services to Parisian fashion.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-WWD2012-107) In 2012, he was named a [Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters "Order of Arts and Letters").[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-WWD2012-107) In September 2011, Valentino was presented with the sixth annual "Couture Council Award for Artistry of Fashion" from the [Fashion Institute of Technology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology "Fashion Institute of Technology").[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-108) In 2017, Valentino was the recipient of a Golden Plate Award of the [American Academy of Achievement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement "Academy of Achievement"), presented by [Jeremy Irons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Irons "Jeremy Irons").[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-109)[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-110) In 2023, Valentino won the "Outstanding Achievement Award" at the [Fashion Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Fashion_Council "British Fashion Council").[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-111)[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-112)[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-114) Valentino and Giancarlo Giammetti shared homes and apartments around the world, including — [![Black-and-white photograph of a château beyond a gated pond](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg/250px-Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chateau_facade_sud_et_cour_dHonneur.jpg) [Château de Wideville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Wideville "Château de Wideville"), Valentino's château in [Crespières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crespi%C3%A8res "Crespières"), near Paris - Villa on the [Via Appia Antica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Appia_Antica "Via Appia Antica"), a historical landmark in Rome bought in 1972.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-115) The villa is decorated by [Renzo Mongiardino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Mongiardino "Renzo Mongiardino") and Adrian Magistretti with influences of China, Italy, and France.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-116) - 19th century mansion in [Holland Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_Park "Holland Park"), London. The centrepiece of this mansion is the grand salon that houses five late [Picassos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasso "Picasso") and a small salon with two [Basquiats](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat "Jean-Michel Basquiat") and one painting by [Damien Hirst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damien_Hirst "Damien Hirst").[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF2004-12) - Penthouse on [Fifth Avenue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenue "Fifth Avenue") in New York, near the [Frick Museum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frick_Museum "Frick Museum") overlooking [Central Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Park "Central Park") decorated by [Jacques Grange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Grange "Jacques Grange") with paintings by [Richard Prince](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Prince "Richard Prince"), [Jean-Michel Basquiat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat "Jean-Michel Basquiat"), [Roy Lichtenstein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein "Roy Lichtenstein"), [Andy Warhol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol "Andy Warhol"), [Willem de Kooning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning "Willem de Kooning"), and [Fernand Léger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger "Fernand Léger").[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-117) - [Château de Wideville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Wideville "Château de Wideville"), a castle in communes [Crespières](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crespi%C3%A8res "Crespières") and [Davron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davron "Davron") near Paris. The 17th-century [château](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau "Château") was built by [Louis XIII](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIII "Louis XIII")'s finance minister, later a home of a mistress of [Louis XIV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV "Louis XIV"). Valentino acquired the eight-bedroom castle in 1995 and commissioned its restoration to the eminent interior decorator [Henri Samuel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Samuel "Henri Samuel"). The castle's 280-acre gardens, designed by Wirtz International, include a *pigeonnier* tower, a pavilion containing a shell grotto, and a building housing the Valentino Garavani Archives. The chateau stairway is flanked by stone dogs carved in the 17th century by French artist [Jacques Sarazin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Sarazin "Jacques Sarazin"). Valentino always organized a theme party at the castle during the fashion weeks in Paris.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-118) - Chalet Gifferhorn in [Gstaad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gstaad "Gstaad"), Switzerland, where he spent winter celebrations. The house has paintings by [Arcimboldo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcimboldo "Arcimboldo") and sheep-shaped furniture by [les Lalanne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Lalanne "Les Lalanne").[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) Valentino also spent half of his time in Giancarlo Giammetti's 18th-century Villa "La Vagnola" in [Cetona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetona "Cetona"), [Tuscany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany "Tuscany") which Giammetti purchased in 1986. Italian decorator [Renzo Mongiardino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Mongiardino "Renzo Mongiardino") created interiors inspired by the villa's classical gardens. For twenty-five years, Giammetti and Valentino vacationed there.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) He also had apartments in Paris and in [Kensington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensington "Kensington"), London.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-homes-119) Valentino remained always close to his mother, Teresa, who moved from [Voghera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voghera "Voghera") to Rome to assist with the business. In *[Valentino: The Last Emperor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor")* (2008), Valentino and [Giancarlo Giammetti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Giammetti "Giancarlo Giammetti") recount meeting on 31 July 1960 on [Via Veneto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Veneto "Via Veneto"). They remained [life partners](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_partner "Life partner") for more than 65 years, although their romantic relationship ended in 1972.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-Tdb-104) According to Giammetti's private memoirs, Valentino met 19‑year‑old Carlos Souza at the Hippopotamus Club in [Rio de Janeiro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro "Rio de Janeiro") in 1973, and the two dated until Souza married Brazilian socialite Charlene Shorto in 1983. Valentino and Giammetti later became godfathers to the couple's sons. Carlos and Charlene continued to work in [public relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_relations "Public relations") for Maison Valentino after their divorce in 1990, and maintained a close relationship with Valentino and Giammetti thereafter.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-120) According to Giammetti's book *Private*, Valentino met his partner Bruce Hoeksema in the early 1980s. Hoeksema began as a model for the house before later becoming its vice‑president.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-121) In a 2007 interview, Valentino said that he had been in love once with a woman, Italian actress [Marilù Tolo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maril%C3%B9_Tolo "Marilù Tolo"), to whom he unsuccessfully proposed in the early 1960s. Valentino and Tolo remained good friends.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-122) Valentino and Giammetti's lifestyle had been considered flamboyant. [John Fairchild](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Fairchild_\(editor\) "John Fairchild (editor)"), editor-at-large at *[Women's Wear Daily](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily "Women's Wear Daily")* and *[W](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_\(magazine\) "W (magazine)")*, told *[Vanity Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")*, > Valentino and Giancarlo are the kings of high living. Every other designer looks and says, "How do they live the way they do?" I don't think they made the money that Valentino and Giancarlo did, because Giancarlo knows how to make money. If they did, they didn't spend the money like Valentino. No other designer ever did. When the terrorism first started in Rome – the period when the [Red Brigades](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Brigades "Red Brigades") were kidnapping people – Valentino was riding around in a bulletproof Mercedes. And do you know what colour the Mercedes was? Red. My God, I thought, you must want to get blown up.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF_August_2004-123) Valentino adored dogs to the point that he once named a second line of clothing after his late [pug](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pug "Pug") Oliver; he owned six pugs. When travelling on his 14-seat Challenger jet, Valentino and his entourage went to the airport in three cars: one for the staff and luggage, one for five of the pugs, and one for Giammetti, Valentino, and the pug Maude, who always travelled with Valentino.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-VF_August_2004-123) [![A dilapidated church in Rome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg/250px-Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri_-_22-11-2019.jpg) The Basilica of Saint Mary and the Martyrs, the place of his funeral Valentino died in Rome on 19 January 2026, aged 93. His foundation announced that he died peacefully at his home in the city, surrounded by loved ones, from natural causes. He [lay in state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lying_in_state "Lying in state") at Piazza Mignanelli 23 in Rome on 21–22 January. More than 10,000 people paid their respects at the coffin, in a simple, white, light-filled setting, with two crystal vases holding white roses, and his smiling portrait dominating the room.[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-auto-124) His funeral took place on 23 January at the [Basilica of St Mary of the Angels and of the Martyrs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_degli_Angeli_e_dei_Martiri "Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri").[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-125)[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-126) After the funeral, he was buried at the Flaminio Cemetery in [Prima Porta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prima_Porta "Prima Porta"), where he was laid to rest in a family chapel he shared with Giammetti.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-127) A circular tomb, with large windows and flowerbeds surrounding it, with the names Garavani and Giammetti already inscribed on the tomb, symbolizing a love that will last far beyond the iconic designer's passing.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-128) People from the worlds of fashion and entertainment reacted to Valentino's death with profound tributes, emphasizing his dedication to "beauty" and his creation of the iconic *Rosso Valentino*, as Italian prime minister [Giorgia Meloni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni "Giorgia Meloni") called him an "undisputed master of style" and a legend whose legacy would continue to inspire. President [Sergio Mattarella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella "Sergio Mattarella") praised his ability to look beyond conventions.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-reactions-129) [Alessandro Michele](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Michele "Alessandro Michele"), creative director of Maison Valentino, described him as a central figure in Italian cultural history who transformed a craft into a vision of the world. [Donatella Versace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donatella_Versace "Donatella Versace") called him a "true maestro" and a loyal friend who supported her following [the assassination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Gianni_Versace "Assassination of Gianni Versace") of her brother [Gianni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gianni_Versace "Gianni Versace"). [Giorgio Armani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Armani "Giorgio Armani")'s family commented that his passing left an "immense void" in the world of couture. [Gwyneth Paltrow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow "Gwyneth Paltrow") recalled his "naughty laugh" and his private love for beauty, family, and gardens. [Claudia Schiffer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer "Claudia Schiffer") and [Cindy Crawford](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cindy_Crawford "Cindy Crawford") expressed heartbreak, with Schiffer citing her Valentino wedding gown as a constant reminder of his generosity. [Sophia Loren](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_Loren "Sophia Loren") noted his "warmth and kind soul" and how his art would remain a forever source of inspiration.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-reactions-129) Valentino has been widely nicknamed the "Last Emperor of Fashion", the name of [his documentary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino:_The_Last_Emperor "Valentino: The Last Emperor").[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70)[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-130)[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-131)[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-132)[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-133) The [British Fashion Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Fashion_Council "British Fashion Council") remarked in 2023 that his "extraordinary designs, dedication to craftsmanship, ubiquitous branding and business acumen have left an indelible mark on the fashion world and cemented him as a legend of *haute couture*", while CEO [Caroline Rush](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Rush "Caroline Rush") added that "Valentino is a true visionary whose boundless creativity, innovative designs, and dedication to craftsmanship, have revolutionised the fashion industry."[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-134) In his obituary, *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")* described him as "the last of the great 20th-century *couturiers* and a designer who defined the image of royalty in a republican age for all manner of princesses—crowned, deposed, [Hollywood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States "Cinema of the United States") and society".[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NYT-70) *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")* described him as "one of the key architects of late 20th century glamour", adding that "there is a certain polish and formality to Valentino's work that speaks to an earlier age of glamour and the beginnings of the [jet set](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_set "Jet set"), which is now a thing of the past."[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-BVogue-13) [NBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC "NBC") described his impact on the fashion industry as he "scaled the heights of *haute couture*".[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-NBCobit-135) The Sunday Guardian stated that "The fashion world sees the end of an era with Valentino’s death."[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:0-136) His legacy has endured beyond his passing, according to writer Prakriti Parul.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:0-136) After his death, [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN "CNN") noted his influential clientele and called him the "quintessential Italian gentleman".[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-:8-45) He was remembered for the designs he catered for [Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis "Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis"), [Elizabeth Taylor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor "Elizabeth Taylor"), and [Diana, Princess of Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales "Diana, Princess of Wales").[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-wobit-137) Valentino's designs were considered to be "timeless" as he was credited for not embracing current trends by not showing skirts with shrinking hems and for designing clothes that responded to the political landscape of the time.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_note-wobit-137) 1. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-1)** ["Valentino Biography"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170425153530/http://www.biography.com/people/valentino-21354709). *[Biography.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biography.com "Biography.com")*. [A\&E Television Networks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%26E_Television_Networks "A&E Television Networks"). Archived from [the original](http://www.biography.com/people/valentino-21354709) on 25 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2016. 2. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-2)** Georgieva, Zlatina (26 November 2012). ["The Last Emperor: Inside the crazy world of Valentino"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121128055448/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-last-emperor-inside-the-crazy-world-of-valentino-8348284.html). *[The Independent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Independent "The Independent")*. Archived from [the original](https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/the-last-emperor-inside-the-crazy-world-of-valentino-8348284.html) on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2018. 3. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-3)** ["Valentino and Haute Couture by Ludi Holman"](https://luxurysplashofart.com/valentino-and-haute-couture-by-ludi-holman/). 16 July 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 4. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-4)** ["A Valentino retrospective: 10 defining moments for the label"](https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/fashion/history-of-valentino). *Marie Claire UK*. 17 September 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251025085058/https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/fashion/history-of-valentino) from the original on 25 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 5. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-kraimod.com_5-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-kraimod.com_5-1) ["Valentino Garavani - Biography and Fashion Designs"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220627120344/https://www.kraimod.com/valentinogaravani). *Kraimod* (in English and German). Archived from [the original](https://www.kraimod.com/valentinogaravani) on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022. 6. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-V&HUO_6-3) Valentino; Hans Ulrich Obrist. ["'I was drugged by this sort of life.'"](https://system-magazine.com/issues/issue-05/the-legendary-valentino). *[System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_\(magazine\) "System (magazine)")*. No. 5. "Valentino: I was 15 when I arrived in Paris. When I was 18 I went to the academy for the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture, the school where I learnt to draw, and where I was in touch with all the other guys and girls doing the same job – and automatically this was a big fascination because I loved it so deeply. After one year I had the chance to go to Jean Dessès-I stayed working with him for five years-After a little while I moved to Guy Laroche-after two years" 7. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-7)** ["Valentino Garavani Dies at 93"](https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/a70050721/valentino-garavani-dies-at-93/). *ELLE*. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 8. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-8)** Cochrane, Lauren (19 January 2026). ["Italian fashion designer Valentino dies aged 93"](https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2026/jan/19/valentino-italian-fashion-designer-dies). *The Guardian*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 9. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-9)** 10. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-10)** ["Valentino"](https://vintagefashionguild.org/resources/item/label/valentino/). Retrieved 25 January 2026. 11. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-FsA_11-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-FsA_11-1) ["Farewell to Valentino, the designer who imposed Italian elegance in the world"](https://www.finestresullarte.info/en/news/farewell-to-valentino-the-designer-who-imposed-italian-elegance-in-the-world). *www.finestresullarte.info*. 12. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-VF2004_12-3) Tyrnauer, Matt (8 May 2009) \[Updated from August 2004 issue\]. ["So Very Valentino"](https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2004/08/valentino200408). *[Vanity Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanity_Fair_\(magazine\) "Vanity Fair (magazine)")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201022012748/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2004/08/valentino200408) from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2023. 13. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-4) [***f***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-5) [***g***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-BVogue_13-6) 14. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-14)** ["House of Red: Pierpaolo Piccioli talks about Rosso Valentino"](https://www.lofficielibiza.com/beauty/red-valentino-story-interview-pierpaolo-piccioli). *www.lofficielibiza.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251011135801/https://www.lofficielibiza.com/beauty/red-valentino-story-interview-pierpaolo-piccioli) from the original on 11 October 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 15. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-15)** Ilari, Alessandra (29 August 2008). ["Valentino: Tears and Cheers"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/valentino-tears-and-cheers-1731653/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201002000251/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/valentino-tears-and-cheers-1731653/) from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 16. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-16)** ["Valentino"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140719222614/http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Valentino#cite_note-1). *[Vogue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_\(magazine\) "Vogue (magazine)")*. 8 March 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Valentino#cite_note-1) on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2012. 17. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-17)** [Emerson, Gloria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_Emerson "Gloria Emerson") (20 July 1965). ["Valentino Steals Spotlight as Couture Stages the First Act of the Fall Showings"](https://www.nytimes.com/1965/07/20/archives/valentino-steals-spotlight-as-couture-stages-the-first-act-of-fall.html). *The New York Times*: 22. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230807183651/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/07/20/archives/valentino-steals-spotlight-as-couture-stages-the-first-act-of-fall.html) from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023. "Another cherished customer, who rarely shows up in Rome to buy directly but orders from sketches sent to her in New York, is Mrs. John F. Kennedy..." 18. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_romantic_turn_18-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_romantic_turn_18-1) Emerson, Gloria (20 January 1969). ["The Rome Collections: Valentino Takes a More Romantic Turn"](https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/the-rome-collections-valentino-takes-a-more-romantic-turn.html). *The New York Times*: 28. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230715020641/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/the-rome-collections-valentino-takes-a-more-romantic-turn.html) from the original on 15 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023. "...\[F\]ans include...Mrs. Jacqueline Onassis, who chipped Valentino's name in marble by wearing his pale beige lace dress at her wedding." 19. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-19)** ["V for Valentino"](https://books.google.com/books?id=4EwEAAAAMBAJ&dq=valentino+fashion&pg=PA91). *Life*. Vol. 63, no. 22. 1 December 1967. pp. 91, 94. "The Vs are his signature and he has peppered them throughout his collection....Everything in Valentino's day outfits...keeps the V motif...White dress...is the first dress Valentino designed using his V theme." 20. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-20)** ["Valentino, leading Italian fashion designer, dies at 93"](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/19/italian-fashion-designer-valentino-dead-at-93.html). *CNBC*. 19 January 2026. Retrieved 27 January 2026. 21. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_midi_21-0)** [Morris, Bernadine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernadine_Morris "Bernadine Morris") (12 March 1970). ["They Came, They Saw, They Loved and Bought Valentino's Midi"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/12/archives/they-came-they-saw-they-loved-and-bought-valentinos-midi.html). *The New York Times*: 66. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143320/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/12/archives/they-came-they-saw-they-loved-and-bought-valentinos-midi.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino...was the first to go all‐out for below‐knee hems..." 22. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_hems_22-3) Emerson, Gloria (19 January 1970). ["The Long and the Short of It are Shown in Valentino's Hems"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/19/archives/the-long-and-the-short-of-it-are-shown-in-valentinos-hems.html). *The New York Times*: 32. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143418/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/19/archives/the-long-and-the-short-of-it-are-shown-in-valentinos-hems.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino really likes the look of midi skirts slashed open in front to show a much shorter skirt underneath it. The same effect is seen when he does wrap skirts with deep slits at the side." 23. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-nyt_exotic_and_elegant_23-4) Morris, Bernadine (17 July 1970). ["At Valentino, No Revolution This Year, But Lots of Exotic and Elegant Designs"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/07/17/archives/at-valentino-no-revolution-this-year-but-lots-of-exotic-and-elegant.html). *The New York Times*: 41. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143319/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/07/17/archives/at-valentino-no-revolution-this-year-but-lots-of-exotic-and-elegant.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The culottes...are the best-cut gaucho pants in the world..." 24. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:17_24-3) Morris, Bernadine (8 December 1970). ["It's More Dazzle for the New Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/08/archives/its-more-dazzle-for-the-new-valentino.html). *The New York Times*: 56. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143416/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/08/archives/its-more-dazzle-for-the-new-valentino.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "\[H\]is favorite color now is apparently bright red...Some of the prettiest dresses are in non‐Valentino stripes of yellow with green, orange with blue or pink with blue....\[T\]he little‐below‐the‐knee length looks best to him, \[but\] most of his hems are a good deal longer. ... Some of the shorts...go under dresses—and some are accompanied by long coats....\[T\]he models...wear...high cork wedgies...with nailheads and...thongs that tie around the ankle and half the leg....\[Valentino's\] favorite fashions are usually the color of Devonshire cream.Valentino hasn't given up his V's—they're woven into his skirts and stockings and they dangle in metal from zippers..." 25. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:16_25-2) Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1971). ["Valentino Revivifies Fashions of 40's"](https://www.nytimes.com/1971/01/22/archives/valentino-revivifies-fashions-of-40s.html). *The New York Times*: 45. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220517015650/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/01/22/archives/valentino-revivifies-fashions-of-40s.html) from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The red coat covered navy shorts, the navy coat red ones....Valentino made the idea of shorts‐under‐skirts look new...He captured almost exactly the spirit of clothes 30 years ago\[:\]...wide shoulders, toppers\[,\]...big‐brimmed swagger hats...The hemlines just about covered the knees, which was true to the period." 26. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:15_26-4) Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1971). ["Valentino – Quiet but Beguiling, Tailored but Feminine"](https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/23/archives/valentino-quiet-but-beguiling-tailored-but-feminine.html). *New York Times*: 38. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625052117/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/23/archives/valentino-quiet-but-beguiling-tailored-but-feminine.html) from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[P\]ants...far outnumber skirts for both day and evening. They have a really nice cut, smooth over the hips...and then widening from knee to hem....Night clothes are mostly black and mostly pants...The day things are really where it's at. All tailored, without being mannish. Capes swashbuckling around over battle jackets and pants.The nineteen‐forties are still with us,...but then so are the nineteen‐thirties...and the nineteen-fifties......not far away and long ago, because of the pants.\[Pants and skirts\] are topped with...layers...: shirt, vest, jacket and coat or cape." 27. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:14_27-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:14_27-1) Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1972). ["...and in Rome, Valentino Regards Pants as Passé"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/21/archives/-and-in-rome-valentino-regards-pants-as-passe.html). *The New York Times*: 20. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625053821/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/21/archives/-and-in-rome-valentino-regards-pants-as-passe.html) from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Would you believe, not a single pair of pants? Instead, lots of pleated skirts.There were clothes in strong colors, primarily orange and Persian blue...Some of the evening dresses were in rainbow‐colored stripes and squares that took Valentino even further from the cream and coffee shades for which he has been known." 28. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-28)** Morris, Bernadine (23 July 1972). ["Where Are the Joys of Yesteryear?"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/23/archives/where-are-the-joys-of-yesteryear.html). *The New York Times*: 52. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143421/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/23/archives/where-are-the-joys-of-yesteryear.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Pants suits are just about everywhere, and there's hardly a daytime dress around, except at Valentino." 29. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:13_29-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:13_29-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 January 1972). ["Valentino: Styles That Change the Look of Fashion"](https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/22/archives/valentino-styles-that-change-the-look-of-fashion.html). *The New York Times*: 18. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143417/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/22/archives/valentino-styles-that-change-the-look-of-fashion.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Loose tops with raglan shoulders and armholes as deep as the waistline are the coming thing. Valentino says so....\[B\]atwing coats...followed batwing coats...There were also batwing jackets.Under the jackets were cap‐sleeve pullovers with cable‐knit sweaters......\[M\]any of Valentino's styles carry an embroidered V on the pocket, large enough to be seen across a restaurant." 30. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:12_30-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:12_30-1) Morris, Bernadine (21 July 1973). ["Valentino Makes Sure THey'll Return to Rome for Next Year's Show"](https://www.nytimes.com/1973/07/21/archives/valentino-makes-sure-theyll-return-to-rome-for-next-years-show.html). *The New York Times*: 19. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220626063328/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/07/21/archives/valentino-makes-sure-theyll-return-to-rome-for-next-years-show.html) from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "His pitch was the nineteen forties\[:\]...drifting chiffon evening dresses, suits with padded shoulders, small waistlines and flaring skirts and square‐shouldered box coats......Valentino offers wildly printed designs...inspired by...Léon Bakst..." 31. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-31)** Finley, Ruth (1 August 1973). "When in Rome, Say 'Valentino'". *Fashion International*. **I** (11). New York, NY, USA: FI Publishing Inc.: 4. "...\[H\]e synthesizes the mid-40's confluence of Adrian-Dior-Balenciaga: padded shoulders, nipped waists above flaring skirts, loose boxy coats. The Chanel-just-below-knee length for day..." 32. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-32)** Morris, Bernadine (5 June 1970). ["Valentino for the Masses – Well, Almost"](https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/05/archives/valentino-for-the-masses-well-almost.html). *The New York Times*: 47. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143419/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/05/archives/valentino-for-the-masses-well-almost.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "The zipper pull in front will sport a V. The belt will have a series of V's running all around it. The print on a number of fabrics is based on the letter V, and just in case there is not enough of a good thing, there are handbags and shoes to carry the thought further\[,\]....a...dress...inscribed with the designer's whole name....There are also turtlenecks with V's all over them." 33. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:11_33-2) Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1977). ["Paris: Free-Flowing Excitement and Short Skirts"](https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/28/archives/paris-freeflowing-excitement-and-short-skirts.html). *The New York Times*: 26. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220626131037/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/28/archives/paris-freeflowing-excitement-and-short-skirts.html) from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...at Valentino...full dirndl skirts......at Valentino...voluminous ponchos......Valentino was too structured..." 34. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-34)** Morris, Bernadine (27 October 1976). ["A Rousing Show by Saint Laurent"](https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/27/archives/a-rousing-show-by-saint-laurent-and-valentino-too.html). *The New York Times*: 65. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220701220207/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/27/archives/a-rousing-show-by-saint-laurent-and-valentino-too.html) from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[M\]odels...were clad entirely in white off‐shoulder blouses, tiered skirts, ruffled petticoats..." 35. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-35)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 359. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino showed...blouson jacket\[s\]...in sporty checks...and...loden green suede." 36. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:10_36-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:10_36-1) [Hyde, Nina S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (20 September 1977). ["The King of Chic"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/09/20/the-king-of-chic/9b48a9fc-a19a-4d2b-84a3-b2bd0d4da8da/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221200916/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1977/09/20/the-king-of-chic/9b48a9fc-a19a-4d2b-84a3-b2bd0d4da8da/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...Valentino...designs...blousons\[,\]...ponchos and...shawls......Valentino...clearly likes the lifestyle of the rich and so designs...for the races...'You know, it was criticized a lot for looking too rich,' admits Valentino." 37. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:9_37-2) Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1975). ["Valentino Revives Elegance for a Chilly April in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/11/archives/valentino-revives-elegance-for-a-chilly-april-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: 60. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143416/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/11/archives/valentino-revives-elegance-for-a-chilly-april-in-paris.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[A\]s far as Valentino is concerned, you don't have to bother about boots....\[T\]he collection touches on...layering...His sweaters...appear two at a time and over a blouse...Valentino arranges his clothes by color groupings..." 38. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-38)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1977". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 356. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "...\[S\]tiff Winterhalter-style evening dresses appeared at Valentino." 39. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-39)** Morris, Bernadine (27 January 1978). ["Paris: The Dress Has Its Day"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/01/27/archives/paris-the-dress-has-its-day.html). *The New York Times*: A14. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220702143420/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/01/27/archives/paris-the-dress-has-its-day.html) from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[T\]he straight, skinny look that Valentino calls...his pencil line..." 40. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-40)** Morris, Bernadine (16 April 1978). ["Message is Clear, But How Will It Be Received"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/16/archives/message-is-clear-but-how-will-it-be-received-skirting-the-mini.html). *The New York Times*: 70. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220226200936/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/16/archives/message-is-clear-but-how-will-it-be-received-skirting-the-mini.html) from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "...\[T\]he bra...meant to be seen...has been taken up by...Valentino...The major change in shape in the collections is the shoulder line, now broadened and padded." 41. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-41)** Morris, Bernadine (11 April 1978). ["Shaking Fashion"](https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/11/archives/shaking-fashion-by-the-shoulders-lonely-hearts-club-band-bohan.html). *The New York Times*: 30. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211121171824/https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/11/archives/shaking-fashion-by-the-shoulders-lonely-hearts-club-band-bohan.html) from the original on 21 November 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "Valentino...revived the early 1930's...His suits had longer jackets and squared shoulders. Valentino...clothes were tarty." 42. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-42)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 364. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's brown Gandini wool jacket with a velvet strip that gives the effect of a shadow across the diagonally closed bodice. \[The hourglass-shaped jacket looks very stiff, almost geometric, with shoulders padded to a sharp edge.\]" 43. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-43)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1979". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 369. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's short-sleeved Jacquard linen dress with side-buttoned bodice. \[The short-sleeved, somewhat loose dress has broad, padded shoulders with puffed sleeves to increase width and the side-button closure left unbuttoned on most of the leg. It is cinched in with a very wide belt and topped by a 1950s-style picture hat.\]" 44. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-44)** Morris, Bernadine (15 January 1979). ["On the Beach: Saint Laurent and Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/15/archives/on-the-beach-saint-laurent-and-valentino-tiny-cutouts-and.html). *The New York Times*: A15. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230709163102/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/15/archives/on-the-beach-saint-laurent-and-valentino-tiny-cutouts-and.html) from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023. "Valentino...has a good claim to be Italy's leading contender in the world's fashion sweepstakes" 45. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:8_45-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:8_45-1) Clarke, Hilary (19 January 2026). ["Italian fashion designer Valentino dies at 93"](https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/19/style/valentino-fashion-designer-dead). *CNN*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 46. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-46)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (28 March 1985). ["YSL, Robust and Refined High Hemlines for His Paris Show"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/03/28/ysl-robust-and-refined-high-hemlines-for-his-paris-show/3e8aac20-cda0-4804-86b6-c0cdf58ff079/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250221170047/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/03/28/ysl-robust-and-refined-high-hemlines-for-his-paris-show/3e8aac20-cda0-4804-86b6-c0cdf58ff079/) from the original on 21 February 2025. Retrieved 9 March 2022. "...\[*Dynasty* star\] Joan Collins sat in the front row of the Valentino show, furiously scribbling notes. No wonder. There were enough skinny, sexy, rich, even tarty clothes on the runway for Collins, her chums on *Dynasty* and lots of *Dynasty* aficionados as well." 47. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-47)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1984". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. pp. 390–391\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Soap operas were a new fashion influence. Just as the cinema-goers of the thirties and forties had mimicked the wardrobes of Greta Garbo and Joan Crawford, so Joan Collins/Alexis and Linda Gray/Sue-Ellen became a source of inspiration. The soap stars wore the clothes of Saint Laurent, Ferre, Oscar de la Renta and Calvin Klein....\[T\]he viewers' definition of glamour was to be dressed up at all times..." 48. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-48)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (14 March 1986). ["Milan Diary"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/03/14/milan-diary/84b56f0a-f999-4363-9b65-341223fcde01/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241218235331/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/03/14/milan-diary/84b56f0a-f999-4363-9b65-341223fcde01/) from the original on 18 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Italian clothes sell the best of all designer imports in the States, particularly those from Armani, Valentino, Byblos and Genny." 49. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-49)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1980". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 373. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Valentino's black velvet dress with peplum and black point d'esprit veil. \[a very 1940s-looking dress with a large, prominent ruffle extending diagonally across the bodice, one edge extending out from one shoulder to give the fashionable shoulder width of the time\]" 50. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-50)** Morris, Bernadine (3 August 1982). ["For Every Trend in Paris, There's a Countertrend"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/03/style/for-every-trend-in-paris-there-s-a-countertrend.html). *The New York Times*: A16. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220318224307/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/03/style/for-every-trend-in-paris-there-s-a-countertrend.html) from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022. "Designers such as Yves Saint Laurent and Hubert de Givenchy simply picked dramatic traditional shapes, made them in the most opulent fabrics and embellished them with furs, feathers and jewels." 51. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-51)** Morris, Bernadine (4 August 1981). ["Couture: Styles of Splendor"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/04/style/couture-styles-of-splendor.html). *The New York Times*: C6. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220522195629/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/04/style/couture-styles-of-splendor.html) from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2021. "There is no attempt to mimic street fashions, which the couture tried during the miniskirt years. There isn't too much concern with practicality. If the bouffant skirts with their layers of petticoats can't fit into a compact car, it is understood that their wearers travel by limousine. If the jeweled dresses require a lady's maid and a bodyguard, it is assumed that they are available." 52. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-52)** Cunningham, Bill (1 September 1989). "To the Future Through the Past". *Details*. **VIII** (3). New York, NY: Details Publishing Corp.: 219. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_\(identifier\) "ISSN (identifier)") [0740-4921](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0740-4921). "Both Valentino and de la Renta showed collections in the formal rich society-lady style." 53. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-53)** ["The Cerebral Approach"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/08/magazine/fashion-view-the-cerebral-approach.html). *The New York Times*: 66. 8 February 1981. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204158/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/08/magazine/fashion-view-the-cerebral-approach.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "There is the fantasy brigade epitomized by the likes of Oscar de la Renta, Bill Blass and Valentino." 54. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-54)** Morris, Bernadine (18 October 1983). ["Fashion Establishment Has Its Day in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/18/style/fashion-establishment-has-its-day-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: A28. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205659/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/18/style/fashion-establishment-has-its-day-in-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...showed his collection by color groups, starting with brown and beige, which he does so well, and gave navy a big play. His bright shade for day or night was red." 55. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-55)** Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1984). ["Chanel, Valentino Enliven Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/27/style/chanel-valentino-enliven-paris.html). *The New York Times*: B8. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205659/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/27/style/chanel-valentino-enliven-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "He started his show with the tailored clothes he has always done so beautifully in beige....He then repeated the theme, with variations, in tones of gray." 56. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-56)** Morris, Bernadine (27 March 1985). ["Paris Pick-Me-Up from Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/27/garden/paris-pick-me-up-from-valentino.html). *The New York Times*: C1. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220426015052/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/27/garden/paris-pick-me-up-from-valentino.html) from the original on 26 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...started his show with good red coats and closed it with slinky, seductive red evening dresses and in between offered infinite variations on black and white, brown, gray and the newest color rage, loden green." 57. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:7_57-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:7_57-1) Morris, Bernadine (8 April 1981). ["In Paris, Fashion Incursions from Abroad"](https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/08/garden/in-paris-fashion-incursions-from-abroad.html). *The New York Times*: C18. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220703141446/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/08/garden/in-paris-fashion-incursions-from-abroad.html) from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. "When it comes to opulence, Valentino beats the French designers at their own game. Valentino...showed dresses that were mini length in front and swept back to form bustle trains." 58. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-58)** Morris, Bernadine (26 March 1986). ["From Valentino, a Practical Elegance"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/garden/from-valentino-a-practical-elegance.html). *The New York Times*: C10. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220705231104/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/garden/from-valentino-a-practical-elegance.html) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "'They're "rich lady" clothes, and they look it,' said Dawn Mello, president of Bergdorf Goodman." 59. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:6_59-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:6_59-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (4 May 1986). ["Valentino and the Anatomy of Elegance"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1986/05/04/valentino-and-the-anatomy-of-elegance/7b1b786b-eb22-4923-9c2d-f5bbb2cd4ca5/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221185120/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1986/05/04/valentino-and-the-anatomy-of-elegance/7b1b786b-eb22-4923-9c2d-f5bbb2cd4ca5/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...has become the mass marketer to the rich... A year ago \[1985\] \[Valentino\] came out with jeans, and now sells 1 million pairs annually." 60. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-60)** Morris, Bernadine (25 March 1983). ["Ready-to-Wear: Elegance in Paris"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/25/style/ready-to-wear-elegance-in-paris.html). *The New York Times*: B6. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205700/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/25/style/ready-to-wear-elegance-in-paris.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Everything looked rich and luxurious, even his simple sweaters, which had a panel of sequins at the back or a rim of black fur at the cuffs." 61. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-61)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (28 March 1984). ["Lagerfeld's New Look"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1984/03/28/lagerfelds-new-look/a7c6b67a-85a5-456c-a040-e0ce257f0d84/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241218234620/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1984/03/28/lagerfelds-new-look/a7c6b67a-85a5-456c-a040-e0ce257f0d84/) from the original on 18 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...teamed one angora sweater with a leather lace skirt. 'Wow, is that skirt going to be expensive ... even for Texas,' said Bob Sakowitz, head of the Houston-based Sakowitz stores." 62. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-62)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1983". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 387. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "Sharp, daytime tailoring...distinguished the collections of Saint Laurent, Givenchy, Valentino and Ungaro. Suits were styled with wide revers and shoulders above tiny, cinched waists." 63. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-63)** McColl, Patricia (17 March 1985). ["Fashion Preview: Paris Takes a Wide View"](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/17/magazine/fashion-preview-paris-takes-a-wide-view.html). *The New York Times Magazine*: 69. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211205131952/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/17/magazine/fashion-preview-paris-takes-a-wide-view.html) from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021. "...Valentino...tried to cut down on shoulder padding. Unfortunately, he says, 'Everything looks better with it'." 64. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:1_64-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:1_64-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 March 1983). ["Valentino Shines in Paris Amid Strong French Shows"](https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/22/style/valentino-shines-in-paris-amid-strong-french-shows.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220705224103/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/22/style/valentino-shines-in-paris-amid-strong-french-shows.html) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 65. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-65)** ["Valentino Garavani (1932 – 2026): A Look Back at the Legendary Designer and his Impact Through the Years"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/gallery/fashion-designer-valentino-life-photos-1235177052/). 27 September 2024. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20251125070945/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/gallery/fashion-designer-valentino-life-photos-1235177052/) from the original on 25 November 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 66. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:2_66-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:2_66-1) Morris, Bernadine (22 September 1982). ["A Toast to Valentino and to Opulence"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/22/garden/a-toast-to-valentino-and-to-opulence.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220703142501/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/22/garden/a-toast-to-valentino-and-to-opulence.html) from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022. 67. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-67)** "Valentino". [*1983 Lincoln • Mark VI • Continental*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Brochure/image20.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1982. pp. 38–39\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220616042511/http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln/1983%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Brochure/image20.html) from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 68. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-68)** [*1984 Continental Mark VII, Continental, Lincoln Town Car*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1984_Lincoln/1984_Lincoln_Brochure/1984%20Lincoln-15.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1983. pp. 24–25\. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220701085214/http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1984_Lincoln/1984_Lincoln_Brochure/1984%20Lincoln-15.html) from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 69. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-69)** [*1985 Continental, Continental Mark VII, Lincoln Town Car*](http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Lincoln/1985_Lincoln/1985%20Lincoln%20Full%20Line%20Prestige%20Brochure/image18.html). Michigan, USA: Lincoln-Mercury Division, Ford Motor Company. 1 August 1984. pp. 34–35. Retrieved 12 June 2022. 70. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-NYT_70-2) Friedman, Vanessa (19 January 2026). ["Valentino Garavani, Regal Designer and Fashion's 'Last Emperor,' Dies at 93"](https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/19/style/valentino-garavani-dead.html). *New York Times*. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 71. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-71)** Mulvagh, Jane (1988). "1982". *Vogue History of 20th Century Fashion*. London, England: Viking, the Penguin Group. p. 379. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-670-80172-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0 "Special:BookSources/0-670-80172-0") . "The...short and lean...theme...was seen at Saint Laurent, Valentino, Chloé, Mugler and Montana, in deep, poster-paint colors and was worn with high heels, dramatic millinery and loud paste jewellery." 72. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:3_72-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:3_72-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (4 April 1982). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/04/04/fashion-notes/5ecaeead-41b0-4bbc-9816-8be9bb41ab35/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220526123713/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/04/04/fashion-notes/5ecaeead-41b0-4bbc-9816-8be9bb41ab35/) from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 73. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-73)** Luther, Marylou (24 October 1985). ["Fashion"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/10/24/fashion/d5a70038-eac5-4e43-880c-e3bdbfeccd4e/). *The Washington Post*. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Narrow linen jackets zip open... to reveal equally narrow sheath dresses....Valentino uses godet back insets to make walking easier in the narrow skirts." 74. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-74)** Morris, Bernadine (22 October 1986). ["Defining Fashion's Changing Shape: Ruffles, Petticoats"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/22/garden/defining-fashion-s-changing-shape-ruffles-petticoats.html). *The New York Times*: C12. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/22/garden/defining-fashion-s-changing-shape-ruffles-petticoats.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino...also offers the choice of longer, easier clothes." 75. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-75)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (7 August 1983). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/08/07/fashion-notes/d423e218-2a22-413f-9640-9627164e9358/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241221141555/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/08/07/fashion-notes/d423e218-2a22-413f-9640-9627164e9358/) from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "The big news...is the chemise. Yves Saint Laurent did it, so did Hanae Mori, Valentino, Pierre Cardin, Hubert de Givenchy and probably more." 76. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-76)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (22 October 1983). ["Refining the Look"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/10/22/refining-the-look/5262e3e1-7b68-4852-bcdb-218da47f86b0/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20240720154824/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/10/22/refining-the-look/5262e3e1-7b68-4852-bcdb-218da47f86b0/) from the original on 20 July 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Chemises,...plumb line in shape at Valentino..." 77. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-77)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (23 October 1980). ["Familiar Wrinkles"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/10/23/familiar-wrinkles/690fd75b-b88b-454c-9e85-d6f0739052d3/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241204105308/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1980/10/23/familiar-wrinkles/690fd75b-b88b-454c-9e85-d6f0739052d3/) from the original on 4 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino shows a lot of jodhpurs cut off at the knee, or toreadors....\[I\]f the Valentino customers are any example, women will be wearing shorts next summer." 78. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:4_78-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:4_78-1) Morris, Bernadine (30 March 1984). ["Paris Shows: Few Peaks and Many Valleys"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/30/style/paris-shows-few-peaks-and-many-valleys.html). *The New York Times*: A20. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/30/style/paris-shows-few-peaks-and-many-valleys.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 79. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-79)** Morris, Bernadine (3 April 1984). ["The Best of Europe's Fashions"](https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/03/style/the-best-of-europe-s-fashions.html). *The New York Times*: A29. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707205700/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/03/style/the-best-of-europe-s-fashions.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Karl Lagerfeld...and Yves Saint Laurent are the dominant designers in Paris today. Both were overshadowed by the reception given the Valentino collection..." 80. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:5_80-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-:5_80-1) [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (21 October 1987). ["The Index is Up on Short Hemlines"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/10/21/the-index-is-up-on-short-hemlines/7f4383c3-e02a-494d-a21c-d24e5c1cab4d/). *The Washington Post*. Retrieved 4 April 2022. 81. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-81)** Morris, Bernadine (28 March 1986). ["The Report from Paris: Clear Color, Easy Shapes"](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/style/the-report-from-paris-clear-color-easy-shapes.html). *The New York Times*: A24. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220707204157/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/style/the-report-from-paris-clear-color-easy-shapes.html) from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "...the three best collections, those of Yves Saint Laurent, Valentino and Karl Lagerfeld." 82. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-82)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (3 April 1988). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/04/03/fashion-notes/a78dcab2-3bb9-4dc5-9188-1aa12ee6ae33/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250122233612/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/04/03/fashion-notes/a78dcab2-3bb9-4dc5-9188-1aa12ee6ae33/) from the original on 22 January 2025. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Strictly short: Christian Lacroix, Geoffrey Beene, Patrick Kelly, Valentino -- 'four fingers above the knee,' he insists." 83. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-83)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (31 July 1988). ["Fashion Notes"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/07/31/fashion-notes/d65098fd-9e77-4305-abc5-686a455326e6/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241220102153/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/07/31/fashion-notes/d65098fd-9e77-4305-abc5-686a455326e6/) from the original on 20 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino showed about a quarter of his collection in longer lengths with pleated yet slim skirts and similarly long coats with short skirts..." 84. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-84)** [Hyde, Nina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_Hyde "Nina Hyde") (26 October 1988). ["Going to Great Lengths in Paris"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/10/26/going-to-great-lengths-in-paris/7b50f71b-490b-40fc-aa40-037ae415e161/). *The Washington Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241220061511/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1988/10/26/going-to-great-lengths-in-paris/7b50f71b-490b-40fc-aa40-037ae415e161/) from the original on 20 December 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Valentino offers choices...for length..." 85. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-85)** ["Chronicle"](https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/28/nyregion/chronicle-042790.html). *New York Times*. 28 May 1990. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110217083410/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/28/nyregion/chronicle-042790.html) from the original on 17 February 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012. 86. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-86)** Galbraith, Robert (15 January 2002). ["Italian Group Eager to Sell Off Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/15/news/italian-group-eager-to-sell-off-valentino.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. [International Herald Tribune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune "International Herald Tribune"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250130085218/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/15/news/italian-group-eager-to-sell-off-valentino.html) from the original on 30 January 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 87. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-87)** Kaiser, Amanda (1 July 2005). ["Marzotto plans to spin off its fashion interests into a new group called Valentino Fashion Group"](https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/feature/marzotto-plans-to-spin-off-its-fashion-interests-into-a-new-group-called-valentino-fashion-group-570023-1965988/). Retrieved 20 January 2026. 88. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-88)** Galbraith, Robert (15 January 2002). ["Italian Group Eager to Sell Off Valentino"](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/05/business/05fashion.html). *[The New York Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230622075000/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/05/business/05fashion.html) from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 89. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-89)** Jucca, Lisa; Meads, Simon; Dinesh, Nair; Ciancio, Antonella; Sovich, Nina (12 July 2012). Walker, Sophie (ed.). ["Qatari royals buy Italian fashion icon Valentino"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-valentino-qatar-idUSBRE86B0TH20120712). [Reuters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters "Reuters"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191115154756/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-valentino-qatar-idUSBRE86B0TH20120712) from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019. 90. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-90)** ["Fashion legend Valentino retires"](https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6978661.stm). *BBC News*. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 27 May 2010. 91. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-91)** ["Valentino wins standing ovation for last-ever ready-to-wear show"](https://www.indiaretailing.com//2007/10/04/valentino-wins-standing-ovation-for-last-ever-ready-to-wear-show). *www.indiaretailing.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250418203303/https://www.indiaretailing.com/2007/10/04/valentino-wins-standing-ovation-for-last-ever-ready-to-wear-show/) from the original on 18 April 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 92. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-92)** ["Enjoy England – My Favourite Trips"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080529054322/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/main.jhtml?xml=%2Ffashion%2F2008%2F01%2F23%2Fefdandg123.xml). *The Daily Telegraph*. London. Archived from [the original](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/main.jhtml?xml=/fashion/2008/01/23/efdandg123.xml) on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 27 May 2010. 93. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-93)** ["End of an era as Valentino presents his last haute couture"](https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/20080124967210/valentino-swan-song/). *HELLO\!*. 23 January 2008. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250719091415/https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/20080124967210/valentino-swan-song/) from the original on 19 July 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026. 94. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-94)** ["Paris Couture – Day Three"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110611160025/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2008-01/080123-paris-couture--day-three.aspx). *Vogue*. 23 January 2008. Archived from [the original](https://www.vogue.co.uk/vogue_daily/story/story.asp?stid=50063&date=&sid=) on 11 June 2011. 95. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-95)** 96. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentino_\(fashion_designer\)#cite_ref-96)** Fernandez, Chantal (8 July 2016). ["10 Signatures of Maria Grazia Chiuri and Pierpaolo Piccioli's Valentino"](https://fashionista.com/2016/07/valentino-signatures-maria-grazia-chiuri-pierpaolo-picciolo). *Fashionista*. 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Retrieved 19 January 2026. - [Official website for *Valentino: The Last Emperor*](http://www.valentinomovie.com/); [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210214004021/http://www.valentinomovie.com/) 14 February 2021 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") documentary film - [Valentino Garavani](https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/valentino-garavani/) at [FMD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory "Fashion Model Directory") - [Valentino](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0884347/) at [IMDb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMDb_\(identifier\) "IMDb (identifier)")
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