🕷️ Crawler Inspector

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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa098)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States","crawl_time":1774846721,"first_indexed_time":1592396598,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Traffic law in the United States - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\nFor\ndriving in the United States\n, each state and territory has its own\ntraffic code\nor\nrules of the road\n, although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and\npenalties\n) to each other's licensed drivers.  There is also a \"Uniform Vehicle Code\" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members.  The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state.  As with\nuniform acts\nin general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own\nsui generis\nstatutes touching upon the same subject matter.  As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of\nsigns\n,\nsignals\n, and\nroad surface markings\n, based upon the\nManual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\nfrom the U.S.\nDepartment of Transportation\n.  Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a\ndouble yellow line\non the street or highway.  In order to implement their own traffic\nlaws\non the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws.\nList of some standard rules of the road:\nEntering and leaving roadways.\nRight of way\nat marked and unmarked\nintersections\nunder various conditions.\nObserving and interpreting\ntraffic signs\n(especially\nwarning\n,\npriority\nor\nprohibitory traffic signs\n)\nKeeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed.\nDirection of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no\nU-turn\n, etc.)\nSpeed, height, width and weight limits.\nBicycle and pedestrian priority.\nYielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus).\nVehicle\nlighting\nand\nsignalling\n.\nStopping if there has been a\ncollision\n.\nGeorgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices (\nMobile phones\nor any\nelectronic devices\n) in hand while driving.\n[\n1\n]\nTraffic is required to keep to the right, known as a\nright-hand traffic\npattern. The exception is the\nUS Virgin Islands\n, where people drive on the left.\n[\n2\n]\nMost states in the United States enforce\npriority to the right\nat uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right.\n[\n3\n]\nThe two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows:\nVery heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time)\nTraffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before\n[\n4\n]\nMaximum\nspeed limits in the United States\nvary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph.\nSpeed limits\nare set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km\/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km\/h) in parts of\nTexas\n. On rural\nInterstate Highways\nand other\nfreeways\n, the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km\/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km\/h) in parts of\nTexas\n.  All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas).\nLane discipline and overtaking\n[\nedit\n]\nOvertaking\n, usually called \"passing\", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance.  On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right.  Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane.  This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line).  A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example,\nVermont\nstate law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side.\n[\n5\n]\nHowever, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states.\n[\n5\n]\nOn roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass.\n[\n6\n]\nThe\nManual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\nincludes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the \"STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT\" and \"SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT\" signs.\n[\n7\n]\n49 states, the\nDistrict of Columbia\nand the five\ninhabited territories\nhave passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a\nsecondary offense\n, meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage.\nIn the United States,\nroad signs\nare, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the\nManual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\n(MUTCD) and its companion volume the\nStandard Highway Signs\n(SHS).  Under a federal regulation promulgated by the\nFederal Highway Administration\npursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in \"substantial conformance\" with the MUTCD.\n[\n8\n]\nThis standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings.\nUniform Vehicle Code\n[\nedit\n]\nThe\nUniform Vehicle Code\n(\nUVC\n) is a\nmodel act\ndeveloped by the\nNational Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances\n(\nNCUTLO\n), a defunct private\nnon-profit organization\n. Most of the members were\nstate governments\n, in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each\nstate\n,\nterritory\n, and\nNative American tribe\n. It was last updated in 2000.\nAlthough the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them.  One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road.\n[\n9\n]\nSome time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, \" [the] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership.\"\n[\n10\n]\nIt has since ceased operations.  In the absence of NCUTLO, the\nNCUTCD\n(the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the\nManual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\n) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language.  The last update was issued in 2015.\n[\n11\n]\nInternational standards\n[\nedit\n]\nThe United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the\nGeneva Convention on Road Traffic\n, which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the\nVienna Convention on Road Traffic\n.\nDriving in the United States\n^\n\"Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law\"\n. Atlanta: WAGA-TV\n. Retrieved\nJune 8,\n2018\n.\n^\n\"Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA\"\n.\nUsacarsrental.com\n. May 25, 2015\n. Retrieved\nJuly 27,\n2017\n.\n^\nTexas Driver's Handbook\n(PDF)\n. July 2012. Archived from\nthe original\n(PDF)\non June 14, 2013\n. Retrieved\nAugust 8,\n2013\n.\n^\n\"Etats-Unis- Dernière minute\"\n.\n^\na\nb\n\"Department of Motor Vehicles\"\n. Vermont Agency of Transportation\n. Retrieved\nJuly 27,\n2017\n.\n^\n\"State \"keep right\" laws\"\n. Retrieved\nJuly 27,\n2017\n– via Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n^\nManual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\n(PDF)\n. 2009\n. Retrieved\nJuly 27,\n2017\n.\n^\n23 CFR\n655.603\n^\nNational Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979).\nTraffic Laws Annotated\n. Washington, D.C.:\nNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration\n. pp. \nix–\nxiii\n. Retrieved\nOctober 5,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment\"\n. National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from\nthe original\non March 5, 2016\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 9,\n2016\n.\n^\n2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website\nOfficial website of\nNational Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances\nat the\nWayback Machine\n(archive index)\n2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPersonal tools\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States)\n- [1 Standard rules](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Standard_rules)\n  Toggle Standard rules subsection\n  - [1\\.1 Speed limits](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Speed_limits)\n  - [1\\.2 Lane discipline and overtaking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Lane_discipline_and_overtaking)\n  - [1\\.3 Seat belt use](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Seat_belt_use)\n  - [1\\.4 Road signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Road_signs)\n- [2 Uniform Vehicle Code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Uniform_Vehicle_Code)\n- [3 International standards](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#International_standards)\n- [4 See also](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#See_also)\n- [5 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#References)\n- [6 External links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#External_links)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Traffic law in the United States\n2 languages\n\n- [한국어](https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5_%EB%B2%95%EA%B7%9C \"미국의 교통 법규 – Korean\")\n- [Nederlands](https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uniform_Vehicle_Code \"Uniform Vehicle Code – Dutch\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q2137414#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Traffic_law_in_the_United_States \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&oldid=1309560482 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&id=1309560482&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTraffic_law_in_the_United_States)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q2137414 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nFor [driving in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Driving_in_the_United_States \"Driving in the United States\"), each state and territory has its own [traffic code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_code \"Traffic code\") or **rules of the road**, although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and [penalties](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_Violations_Reciprocity \"Traffic Violations Reciprocity\")) to each other's licensed drivers. There is also a \"Uniform Vehicle Code\" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members. The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state. As with [uniform acts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uniform_act \"Uniform act\") in general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own *[sui generis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sui_generis \"Sui generis\")* statutes touching upon the same subject matter. As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of [signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\"), [signals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_signal \"Traffic signal\"), and [road surface markings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Road_surface_marking \"Road surface marking\"), based upon the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\") from the U.S. [Department of Transportation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_transportation \"Department of transportation\"). Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a [double yellow line](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_yellow_line \"Double yellow line\") on the street or highway. In order to implement their own traffic [laws](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Law \"Law\") on the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws.\n\n## Standard rules\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: Standard rules\")\\]\n\n|   |\n|---|\n| **State-specific rules** [Connecticut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transportation_in_Connecticut#Rules_of_the_road \"Transportation in Connecticut\") |\n\nList of some standard rules of the road:\n\n- Entering and leaving roadways.\n- [Right of way](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic#Right_of_way \"Traffic\") at marked and unmarked [intersections](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intersection_\\(road\\) \"Intersection (road)\") under various conditions.\n- Observing and interpreting [traffic signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\") (especially [warning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warning_signs \"Warning signs\"), [priority](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Priority_signs \"Priority signs\") or [prohibitory traffic signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibitory_traffic_sign \"Prohibitory traffic sign\"))\n- Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed.\n- Direction of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no [U-turn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U-turn_\\(maneuver\\) \"U-turn (maneuver)\"), etc.)\n- Speed, height, width and weight limits.\n- Bicycle and pedestrian priority.\n- Yielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus).\n- Vehicle [lighting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lighting \"Lighting\") and [signalling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_signal \"Traffic signal\").\n- Stopping if there has been a [collision](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collision \"Collision\").\n\nGeorgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices ([Mobile phones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_phone \"Mobile phone\") or any [electronic devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electronic_devices \"Electronic devices\")) in hand while driving. [\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-1)\n\nTraffic is required to keep to the right, known as a [right-hand traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic \"Left- and right-hand traffic\") pattern. The exception is the [US Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/US_Virgin_Islands \"US Virgin Islands\"), where people drive on the left.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-2)\n\nMost states in the United States enforce [priority to the right](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Priority_to_the_right \"Priority to the right\") at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-state1-3)\n\nThe two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows:\n\n- Very heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time)\n- Traffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4)\n\n### Speed limits\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: Speed limits\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/US_Speed_Limits.svg\/250px-US_Speed_Limits.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:US_Speed_Limits.svg)\n\nMaximum [speed limits in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States \"Speed limits in the United States\") vary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph.\n\nSee also: [Speed limits in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States \"Speed limits in the United States\")\n\n[Speed limits](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_limits \"Speed limits\") are set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km\/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km\/h) in parts of [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texas \"Texas\"). On rural [Interstate Highways](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interstate_Highway_System \"Interstate Highway System\") and other [freeways](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Controlled-access_highway \"Controlled-access highway\"), the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km\/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km\/h) in parts of [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texas \"Texas\"). All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas).\n\n### Lane discipline and overtaking\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Lane discipline and overtaking\")\\]\n\n[Overtaking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overtaking \"Overtaking\"), usually called \"passing\", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance. On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right. Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane. This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line). A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example, [Vermont](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vermont \"Vermont\") state law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) However, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5)\n\nOn roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass.[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-6) The [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\") includes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the \"STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT\" and \"SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT\" signs.[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-7)\n\n### Seat belt use\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: Seat belt use\")\\]\n\nSee also: [Seat belt legislation in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seat_belt_legislation_in_the_United_States \"Seat belt legislation in the United States\")\n\n49 states, the [District of Columbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/District_of_Columbia \"District of Columbia\") and the five [inhabited territories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territories_of_the_United_States \"Territories of the United States\") have passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a *secondary offense*, meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage.\n\n### Road signs\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: Road signs\")\\]\n\nMain article: [Road signs in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Road_signs_in_the_United_States \"Road signs in the United States\")\n\nIn the United States, [road signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\") are, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the *[Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\")* (MUTCD) and its companion volume the *Standard Highway Signs* (SHS). Under a federal regulation promulgated by the [Federal Highway Administration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Highway_Administration \"Federal Highway Administration\") pursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in \"substantial conformance\" with the MUTCD.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-8) This standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings.\n\n## Uniform Vehicle Code\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Uniform Vehicle Code\")\\]\n\nThe **Uniform Vehicle Code** (**UVC**) is a [model act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Model_act \"Model act\") developed by the **National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances** (**NCUTLO**), a defunct private [non-profit organization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonprofit_organization \"Nonprofit organization\"). Most of the members were [state governments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_governments_of_the_United_States \"State governments of the United States\"), in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each [state](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._states \"U.S. states\"), [territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territories_of_the_United_States \"Territories of the United States\"), and [Native American tribe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tribe_\\(Native_American\\) \"Tribe (Native American)\"). It was last updated in 2000.\n\nAlthough the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them. One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-9)\n\nSome time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, \" \\[the\\] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership.\"[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-10) It has since ceased operations. In the absence of NCUTLO, the [NCUTCD](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NCUTCD \"NCUTCD\") (the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\")) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language. The last update was issued in 2015.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-11)\n\n## International standards\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: International standards\")\\]\n\nThe United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the [Geneva Convention on Road Traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva_Convention_on_Road_Traffic \"Geneva Convention on Road Traffic\"), which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the [Vienna Convention on Road Traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic \"Vienna Convention on Road Traffic\").\n\n## See also\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8 \"Edit section: See also\")\\]\n\n- [Driving in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Driving_in_the_United_States \"Driving in the United States\")\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law\"](http:\/\/www.fox5atlanta.com\/good-day\/hands-free-options-for-obeying-the-distracted-driving-law). Atlanta: WAGA-TV. Retrieved June 8, 2018.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-2)**\n   [\"Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA\"](http:\/\/www.usacarsrental.com\/useful-stuff\/). *Usacarsrental.com*. May 25, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-state1_3-0)**\n   [*Texas Driver's Handbook*](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130614230518\/http:\/\/www.txdps.state.tx.us\/DriverLicense\/documents\/DL-7.pdf) (PDF). July 2012. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.txdps.state.tx.us\/driverlicense\/documents\/dl-7.pdf) (PDF) on June 14, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-4)**\n   [\"Etats-Unis- Dernière minute\"](https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/conseils-aux-voyageurs\/conseils-par-pays-destination\/etats-unis\/#complements).\n5. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-1)\n   [\"Department of Motor Vehicles\"](http:\/\/www.dmv.vermont.gov\/). Vermont Agency of Transportation. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-6)**\n   [\"State \"keep right\" laws\"](https:\/\/www.mit.edu\/~jfc\/right.html). Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-7)**\n   [*Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices*](https:\/\/mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov\/pdfs\/2009r1r2\/mutcd09r1r2editionhl.pdf) (PDF). 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-8)** [23 CFR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Title_23_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations \"Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations\") [655\\.603](https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-23\/section-655.603)\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-9)**\n   National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979). [*Traffic Laws Annotated*](https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=f3xPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR9). Washington, D.C.: [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration \"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\"). pp. ix–xiii. Retrieved October 5, 2021.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-10)**\n    [\"Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160305153725\/http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/rulesroad042013.shtml). National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/rulesroad042013.shtml) on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-11)** [2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website](http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/Documents\/SharedDocs\/2000UVC-ROROCh1and11.pdf)\n\n## External links\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=10 \"Edit section: External links\")\\]\n\n- Official website of [National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/*\/http:\/\/www.ncutlo.org\/) at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") (archive index)\n- [2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code](http:\/\/iamtraffic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/UVC2000.pdf)\n\n![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1)\n\nRetrieved from \"<https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&oldid=1309560482>\"\n\n[Categories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Category \"Help:Category\"):\n\n- [Uniform Acts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Uniform_Acts \"Category:Uniform Acts\")\n- [Traffic law](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Traffic_law \"Category:Traffic law\")\n- [Rules of the road](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Rules_of_the_road \"Category:Rules of the road\")\n\nHidden categories:\n\n- [Use mdy dates from October 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2021 \"Category:Use mdy dates from October 2021\")\n- [Articles with short description](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Articles_with_short_description \"Category:Articles with short description\")\n- [Short description is different from Wikidata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata \"Category:Short description is different from Wikidata\")\n- [Webarchive template wayback links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links \"Category:Webarchive template wayback links\")\n\n- This page was last edited on 4 September 2025, at 20:04 (UTC).\n- Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License \"Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License\"); additional terms may apply. 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nTraffic law in the United States\n\n2 languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States)","attrs_readable_markdown":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nFor [driving in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Driving_in_the_United_States \"Driving in the United States\"), each state and territory has its own [traffic code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_code \"Traffic code\") or **rules of the road**, although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and [penalties](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_Violations_Reciprocity \"Traffic Violations Reciprocity\")) to each other's licensed drivers. There is also a \"Uniform Vehicle Code\" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members. The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state. As with [uniform acts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uniform_act \"Uniform act\") in general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own *[sui generis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sui_generis \"Sui generis\")* statutes touching upon the same subject matter. As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of [signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\"), [signals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_signal \"Traffic signal\"), and [road surface markings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Road_surface_marking \"Road surface marking\"), based upon the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\") from the U.S. [Department of Transportation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_transportation \"Department of transportation\"). Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a [double yellow line](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_yellow_line \"Double yellow line\") on the street or highway. In order to implement their own traffic [laws](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Law \"Law\") on the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws.\n\nList of some standard rules of the road:\n\n- Entering and leaving roadways.\n- [Right of way](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic#Right_of_way \"Traffic\") at marked and unmarked [intersections](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intersection_\\(road\\) \"Intersection (road)\") under various conditions.\n- Observing and interpreting [traffic signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\") (especially [warning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warning_signs \"Warning signs\"), [priority](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Priority_signs \"Priority signs\") or [prohibitory traffic signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibitory_traffic_sign \"Prohibitory traffic sign\"))\n- Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed.\n- Direction of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no [U-turn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U-turn_\\(maneuver\\) \"U-turn (maneuver)\"), etc.)\n- Speed, height, width and weight limits.\n- Bicycle and pedestrian priority.\n- Yielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus).\n- Vehicle [lighting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lighting \"Lighting\") and [signalling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_signal \"Traffic signal\").\n- Stopping if there has been a [collision](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collision \"Collision\").\n\nGeorgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices ([Mobile phones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_phone \"Mobile phone\") or any [electronic devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electronic_devices \"Electronic devices\")) in hand while driving. [\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-1)\n\nTraffic is required to keep to the right, known as a [right-hand traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic \"Left- and right-hand traffic\") pattern. The exception is the [US Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/US_Virgin_Islands \"US Virgin Islands\"), where people drive on the left.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-2)\n\nMost states in the United States enforce [priority to the right](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Priority_to_the_right \"Priority to the right\") at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-state1-3)\n\nThe two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows:\n\n- Very heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time)\n- Traffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/US_Speed_Limits.svg\/250px-US_Speed_Limits.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:US_Speed_Limits.svg)\n\nMaximum [speed limits in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States \"Speed limits in the United States\") vary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph.\n\n[Speed limits](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speed_limits \"Speed limits\") are set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km\/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km\/h) in parts of [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texas \"Texas\"). On rural [Interstate Highways](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interstate_Highway_System \"Interstate Highway System\") and other [freeways](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Controlled-access_highway \"Controlled-access highway\"), the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km\/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km\/h) in parts of [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texas \"Texas\"). All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas).\n\n### Lane discipline and overtaking\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Lane discipline and overtaking\")\\]\n\n[Overtaking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overtaking \"Overtaking\"), usually called \"passing\", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance. On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right. Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane. This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line). A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example, [Vermont](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vermont \"Vermont\") state law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) However, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5)\n\nOn roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass.[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-6) The [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\") includes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the \"STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT\" and \"SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT\" signs.[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-7)\n\n49 states, the [District of Columbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/District_of_Columbia \"District of Columbia\") and the five [inhabited territories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territories_of_the_United_States \"Territories of the United States\") have passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a *secondary offense*, meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage.\n\nIn the United States, [road signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_sign \"Traffic sign\") are, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the *[Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\")* (MUTCD) and its companion volume the *Standard Highway Signs* (SHS). Under a federal regulation promulgated by the [Federal Highway Administration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_Highway_Administration \"Federal Highway Administration\") pursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in \"substantial conformance\" with the MUTCD.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-8) This standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings.\n\n## Uniform Vehicle Code\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Uniform Vehicle Code\")\\]\n\nThe **Uniform Vehicle Code** (**UVC**) is a [model act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Model_act \"Model act\") developed by the **National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances** (**NCUTLO**), a defunct private [non-profit organization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonprofit_organization \"Nonprofit organization\"). Most of the members were [state governments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_governments_of_the_United_States \"State governments of the United States\"), in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each [state](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._states \"U.S. states\"), [territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Territories_of_the_United_States \"Territories of the United States\"), and [Native American tribe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tribe_\\(Native_American\\) \"Tribe (Native American)\"). It was last updated in 2000.\n\nAlthough the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them. One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-9)\n\nSome time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, \" \\[the\\] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership.\"[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-10) It has since ceased operations. In the absence of NCUTLO, the [NCUTCD](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NCUTCD \"NCUTCD\") (the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices\")) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language. The last update was issued in 2015.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-11)\n\n## International standards\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: International standards\")\\]\n\nThe United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the [Geneva Convention on Road Traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva_Convention_on_Road_Traffic \"Geneva Convention on Road Traffic\"), which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the [Vienna Convention on Road Traffic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic \"Vienna Convention on Road Traffic\").\n\n- [Driving in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Driving_in_the_United_States \"Driving in the United States\")\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law\"](http:\/\/www.fox5atlanta.com\/good-day\/hands-free-options-for-obeying-the-distracted-driving-law). Atlanta: WAGA-TV. Retrieved June 8, 2018.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-2)**\n   [\"Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA\"](http:\/\/www.usacarsrental.com\/useful-stuff\/). *Usacarsrental.com*. May 25, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-state1_3-0)**\n   [*Texas Driver's Handbook*](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130614230518\/http:\/\/www.txdps.state.tx.us\/DriverLicense\/documents\/DL-7.pdf) (PDF). July 2012. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.txdps.state.tx.us\/driverlicense\/documents\/dl-7.pdf) (PDF) on June 14, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-4)**\n   [\"Etats-Unis- Dernière minute\"](https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/conseils-aux-voyageurs\/conseils-par-pays-destination\/etats-unis\/#complements).\n5. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-1)\n   [\"Department of Motor Vehicles\"](http:\/\/www.dmv.vermont.gov\/). Vermont Agency of Transportation. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-6)**\n   [\"State \"keep right\" laws\"](https:\/\/www.mit.edu\/~jfc\/right.html). Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-7)**\n   [*Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices*](https:\/\/mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov\/pdfs\/2009r1r2\/mutcd09r1r2editionhl.pdf) (PDF). 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2017.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-8)** [23 CFR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Title_23_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations \"Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations\") [655\\.603](https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-23\/section-655.603)\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-9)**\n   National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979). [*Traffic Laws Annotated*](https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=f3xPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR9). Washington, D.C.: [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration \"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\"). pp. ix–xiii. Retrieved October 5, 2021.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-10)**\n    [\"Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160305153725\/http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/rulesroad042013.shtml). National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/rulesroad042013.shtml) on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-11)** [2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website](http:\/\/www.ncutcd.org\/Documents\/SharedDocs\/2000UVC-ROROCh1and11.pdf)\n\n- Official website of [National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/*\/http:\/\/www.ncutlo.org\/) at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") (archive index)\n- [2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code](http:\/\/iamtraffic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/UVC2000.pdf)","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For driving in the United States , each state and territory has its own traffic code or rules of the road , although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and penalties ) to each other's licensed drivers. There is also a "Uniform Vehicle Code" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members. The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state. As with uniform acts in general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own sui generis statutes touching upon the same subject matter. As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of signs , signals , and road surface markings , based upon the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices from the U.S. Department of Transportation . Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a double yellow line on the street or highway. In order to implement their own traffic laws on the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws. List of some standard rules of the road: Entering and leaving roadways. Right of way at marked and unmarked intersections under various conditions. Observing and interpreting traffic signs (especially warning , priority or prohibitory traffic signs ) Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed. Direction of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no U-turn , etc.) Speed, height, width and weight limits. Bicycle and pedestrian priority. Yielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus). Vehicle lighting and signalling . Stopping if there has been a collision . Georgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices ( Mobile phones or any electronic devices ) in hand while driving. [ 1 ] Traffic is required to keep to the right, known as a right-hand traffic pattern. The exception is the US Virgin Islands , where people drive on the left. [ 2 ] Most states in the United States enforce priority to the right at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right. [ 3 ] The two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows: Very heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time) Traffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before [ 4 ] Maximum speed limits in the United States vary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph. Speed limits are set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km/h) in parts of Texas . On rural Interstate Highways and other freeways , the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km/h) in parts of Texas . All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas). Lane discipline and overtaking [ edit ] Overtaking , usually called "passing", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance. On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right. Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane. This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line). A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example, Vermont state law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side. [ 5 ] However, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states. [ 5 ] On roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass. [ 6 ] The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices includes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the "STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT" and "SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT" signs. [ 7 ] 49 states, the District of Columbia and the five inhabited territories have passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a secondary offense , meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage. In the United States, road signs are, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and its companion volume the Standard Highway Signs (SHS). Under a federal regulation promulgated by the Federal Highway Administration pursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in "substantial conformance" with the MUTCD. [ 8 ] This standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings. Uniform Vehicle Code [ edit ] The Uniform Vehicle Code ( UVC ) is a model act developed by the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances ( NCUTLO ), a defunct private non-profit organization . Most of the members were state governments , in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each state , territory , and Native American tribe . It was last updated in 2000. Although the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them. One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road. [ 9 ] Some time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, " [the] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership." [ 10 ] It has since ceased operations. In the absence of NCUTLO, the NCUTCD (the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices ) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language. The last update was issued in 2015. [ 11 ] International standards [ edit ] The United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the Geneva Convention on Road Traffic , which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic . Driving in the United States ^ "Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law" . Atlanta: WAGA-TV . Retrieved June 8, 2018 . ^ "Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA" . Usacarsrental.com . May 25, 2015 . Retrieved July 27, 2017 . ^ Texas Driver's Handbook (PDF) . July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 14, 2013 . Retrieved August 8, 2013 . ^ "Etats-Unis- Dernière minute" . ^ a b "Department of Motor Vehicles" . Vermont Agency of Transportation . Retrieved July 27, 2017 . ^ "State "keep right" laws" . Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ^ Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (PDF) . 2009 . Retrieved July 27, 2017 . ^ 23 CFR 655.603 ^ National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979). Traffic Laws Annotated . Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration . pp. ix– xiii . Retrieved October 5, 2021 . ^ "Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment" . National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016 . Retrieved February 9, 2016 . ^ 2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website Official website of National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances at the Wayback Machine (archive index) 2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code
Markdown	[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Traffic+law+in+the+United+States "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States) - [1 Standard rules](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Standard_rules) Toggle Standard rules subsection - [1\.1 Speed limits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Speed_limits) - [1\.2 Lane discipline and overtaking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Lane_discipline_and_overtaking) - [1\.3 Seat belt use](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Seat_belt_use) - [1\.4 Road signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Road_signs) - [2 Uniform Vehicle Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#Uniform_Vehicle_Code) - [3 International standards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#International_standards) - [4 See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#See_also) - [5 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#References) - [6 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Traffic law in the United States 2 languages - [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5_%EB%B2%95%EA%B7%9C "미국의 교통 법규 – Korean") - [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Vehicle_Code "Uniform Vehicle Code – Dutch") [Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2137414#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Traffic_law_in_the_United_States "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=history "Past revisions of this page [h]") Tools Tools move to sidebar hide Actions - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=history) General - [What links here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]") - [Related changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States "Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard "Upload files [u]") - [Permanent link](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&oldid=1309560482 "Permanent link to this revision of this page") - [Page information](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=info "More information about this page") - [Cite this page](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&id=1309560482&wpFormIdentifier=titleform "Information on how to cite this page") - [Get shortened URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTraffic_law_in_the_United_States) Print/export - [Download as PDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=show-download-screen "Download this page as a PDF file") - [Printable version](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&printable=yes "Printable version of this page [p]") In other projects - [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2137414 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]") Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For [driving in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States "Driving in the United States"), each state and territory has its own [traffic code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_code "Traffic code") or rules of the road, although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and [penalties](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_Violations_Reciprocity "Traffic Violations Reciprocity")) to each other's licensed drivers. There is also a "Uniform Vehicle Code" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members. The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state. As with [uniform acts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_act "Uniform act") in general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own [sui generis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_generis "Sui generis") statutes touching upon the same subject matter. As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of [signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign"), [signals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signal "Traffic signal"), and [road surface markings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface_marking "Road surface marking"), based upon the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") from the U.S. [Department of Transportation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_transportation "Department of transportation"). Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a [double yellow line](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_yellow_line "Double yellow line") on the street or highway. In order to implement their own traffic [laws](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law "Law") on the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws. ## Standard rules \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Standard rules")\] \| \| \|---\| \| State-specific rules [Connecticut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_in_Connecticut#Rules_of_the_road "Transportation in Connecticut") \| List of some standard rules of the road: - Entering and leaving roadways. - [Right of way](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic#Right_of_way "Traffic") at marked and unmarked [intersections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_\(road\) "Intersection (road)") under various conditions. - Observing and interpreting [traffic signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign") (especially [warning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warning_signs "Warning signs"), [priority](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_signs "Priority signs") or [prohibitory traffic signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibitory_traffic_sign "Prohibitory traffic sign")) - Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed. - Direction of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no [U-turn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-turn_\(maneuver\) "U-turn (maneuver)"), etc.) - Speed, height, width and weight limits. - Bicycle and pedestrian priority. - Yielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus). - Vehicle [lighting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting "Lighting") and [signalling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signal "Traffic signal"). - Stopping if there has been a [collision](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision "Collision"). Georgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices ([Mobile phones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone "Mobile phone") or any [electronic devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_devices "Electronic devices")) in hand while driving. [\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-1) Traffic is required to keep to the right, known as a [right-hand traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic "Left- and right-hand traffic") pattern. The exception is the [US Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Virgin_Islands "US Virgin Islands"), where people drive on the left.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-2) Most states in the United States enforce [priority to the right](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_to_the_right "Priority to the right") at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-state1-3) The two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows: - Very heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time) - Traffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4) ### Speed limits \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Speed limits")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/US_Speed_Limits.svg/250px-US_Speed_Limits.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:US_Speed_Limits.svg) Maximum [speed limits in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States "Speed limits in the United States") vary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph. See also: [Speed limits in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States "Speed limits in the United States") [Speed limits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits "Speed limits") are set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km/h) in parts of [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas "Texas"). On rural [Interstate Highways](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System "Interstate Highway System") and other [freeways](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highway "Controlled-access highway"), the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km/h) in parts of [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas "Texas"). All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas). ### Lane discipline and overtaking \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Lane discipline and overtaking")\] [Overtaking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overtaking "Overtaking"), usually called "passing", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance. On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right. Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane. This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line). A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example, [Vermont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermont "Vermont") state law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) However, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) On roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-6) The [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") includes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the "STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT" and "SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT" signs.[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-7) ### Seat belt use \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Seat belt use")\] See also: [Seat belt legislation in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat_belt_legislation_in_the_United_States "Seat belt legislation in the United States") 49 states, the [District of Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbia "District of Columbia") and the five [inhabited territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States "Territories of the United States") have passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a secondary offense, meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage. ### Road signs \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Road signs")\] Main article: [Road signs in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_signs_in_the_United_States "Road signs in the United States") In the United States, [road signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign") are, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") (MUTCD) and its companion volume the Standard Highway Signs (SHS). Under a federal regulation promulgated by the [Federal Highway Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administration "Federal Highway Administration") pursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in "substantial conformance" with the MUTCD.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-8) This standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings. ## Uniform Vehicle Code \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Uniform Vehicle Code")\] The Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) is a [model act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_act "Model act") developed by the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (NCUTLO), a defunct private [non-profit organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonprofit_organization "Nonprofit organization"). Most of the members were [state governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States "State governments of the United States"), in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each [state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states "U.S. states"), [territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States "Territories of the United States"), and [Native American tribe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribe_\(Native_American\) "Tribe (Native American)"). It was last updated in 2000. Although the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them. One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-9) Some time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, " \[the\] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership."[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-10) It has since ceased operations. In the absence of NCUTLO, the [NCUTCD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCUTCD "NCUTCD") (the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices")) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language. The last update was issued in 2015.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-11) ## International standards \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: International standards")\] The United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the [Geneva Convention on Road Traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Convention_on_Road_Traffic "Geneva Convention on Road Traffic"), which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the [Vienna Convention on Road Traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic "Vienna Convention on Road Traffic"). ## See also \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: See also")\] - [Driving in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States "Driving in the United States") ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: References")\] 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-1) ["Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law"](http://www.fox5atlanta.com/good-day/hands-free-options-for-obeying-the-distracted-driving-law). Atlanta: WAGA-TV. Retrieved June 8, 2018. 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-2) ["Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA"](http://www.usacarsrental.com/useful-stuff/). Usacarsrental.com. May 25, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-state1_3-0) [Texas Driver's Handbook](https://web.archive.org/web/20130614230518/http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/DriverLicense/documents/DL-7.pdf) (PDF). July 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/driverlicense/documents/dl-7.pdf) (PDF) on June 14, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-4) ["Etats-Unis- Dernière minute"](https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/conseils-aux-voyageurs/conseils-par-pays-destination/etats-unis/#complements). 5. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-1) ["Department of Motor Vehicles"](http://www.dmv.vermont.gov/). Vermont Agency of Transportation. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-6)* ["State "keep right" laws"](https://www.mit.edu/~jfc/right.html). Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 7. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-7) [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/pdfs/2009r1r2/mutcd09r1r2editionhl.pdf) (PDF). 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-8) [23 CFR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_23_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations "Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations") [655\.603](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-23/section-655.603) 9. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-9) National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979). [Traffic Laws Annotated](https://books.google.com/books?id=f3xPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR9). Washington, D.C.: [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration"). pp. ix–xiii. Retrieved October 5, 2021. 10. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-10) ["Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160305153725/http://www.ncutcd.org/rulesroad042013.shtml). National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from [the original](http://www.ncutcd.org/rulesroad042013.shtml) on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016. 11. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-11) [2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website](http://www.ncutcd.org/Documents/SharedDocs/2000UVC-ROROCh1and11.pdf) ## External links \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: External links")\] - Official website of [National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances](https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.ncutlo.org/) at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (archive index) - [2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code](http://iamtraffic.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/UVC2000.pdf) ![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1) Retrieved from "<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&oldid=1309560482>" [Categories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"): - [Uniform Acts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Uniform_Acts "Category:Uniform Acts") - [Traffic law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Traffic_law "Category:Traffic law") - [Rules of the road](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Rules_of_the_road "Category:Rules of the road") Hidden categories: - [Use mdy dates from October 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2021 "Category:Use mdy dates from October 2021") - [Articles with short description](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description") - [Short description is different from Wikidata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata "Category:Short description is different from Wikidata") - [Webarchive template wayback links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links "Category:Webarchive template wayback links") - This page was last edited on 4 September 2025, at 20:04 (UTC). - Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License "Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License"); additional terms may apply. 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Readable Markdown	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For [driving in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States "Driving in the United States"), each state and territory has its own [traffic code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_code "Traffic code") or rules of the road, although most of the rules of the road are similar for the purpose of uniformity, given that all states grant reciprocal driving privileges (and [penalties](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_Violations_Reciprocity "Traffic Violations Reciprocity")) to each other's licensed drivers. There is also a "Uniform Vehicle Code" which was proposed by a private, non-profit group, based upon input by its members. The UVC was not adopted in its entirety by any state. As with [uniform acts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_act "Uniform act") in general, some states adopted selected sections as written or with modifications, while others created their own [sui generis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_generis "Sui generis") statutes touching upon the same subject matter. As required by the federal Highway Safety Act of 1966, all states and territories have adopted substantially similar standards for the vast majority of [signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign"), [signals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signal "Traffic signal"), and [road surface markings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface_marking "Road surface marking"), based upon the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") from the U.S. [Department of Transportation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_transportation "Department of transportation"). Many of the standard rules of the road involve consistent interpretation of the standard signs, signals, and markings such as what to do when approaching a stop sign, or the driving requirements imposed by a [double yellow line](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_yellow_line "Double yellow line") on the street or highway. In order to implement their own traffic [laws](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law "Law") on the property of their own facilities (such as national parks and military posts), several federal agencies have also developed their own traffic laws. List of some standard rules of the road: - Entering and leaving roadways. - [Right of way](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic#Right_of_way "Traffic") at marked and unmarked [intersections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection_\(road\) "Intersection (road)") under various conditions. - Observing and interpreting [traffic signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign") (especially [warning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warning_signs "Warning signs"), [priority](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_signs "Priority signs") or [prohibitory traffic signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibitory_traffic_sign "Prohibitory traffic sign")) - Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed. - Direction of travel and turning (one way, do not enter, no [U-turn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-turn_\(maneuver\) "U-turn (maneuver)"), etc.) - Speed, height, width and weight limits. - Bicycle and pedestrian priority. - Yielding to special vehicles (emergency, funeral, school bus). - Vehicle [lighting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting "Lighting") and [signalling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signal "Traffic signal"). - Stopping if there has been a [collision](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision "Collision"). Georgia’s new law which took effect from July 1, 2018, prohibits the drivers from holding any devices ([Mobile phones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone "Mobile phone") or any [electronic devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_devices "Electronic devices")) in hand while driving. [\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-1) Traffic is required to keep to the right, known as a [right-hand traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic "Left- and right-hand traffic") pattern. The exception is the [US Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Virgin_Islands "US Virgin Islands"), where people drive on the left.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-2) Most states in the United States enforce [priority to the right](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_to_the_right "Priority to the right") at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-state1-3) The two most important differences between U.S. traffic rules and foreign countries' traffic rules are as follows: - Very heavy use of fully-signed, mandatory 4-way stop signs at intersections (rather than 2-way stops, yields, or roundabouts as in other countries) with priority to the first vehicle (priority to the right if two arrive at the exact same time) - Traffic lights are normally positioned after the intersection, on the far side from approaching traffic, rather than before[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/US_Speed_Limits.svg/250px-US_Speed_Limits.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:US_Speed_Limits.svg) Maximum [speed limits in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits_in_the_United_States "Speed limits in the United States") vary by jurisdiction from 55 to 85 mph. [Speed limits](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limits "Speed limits") are set by each state or territory, as well as counties or municipalities, on the roads within their jurisdiction. The maximum speed limit on rural two-lane roads ranges from 50 mph (80 km/h) in parts of the northeast to 75 mph (120 km/h) in parts of [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas "Texas"). On rural [Interstate Highways](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System "Interstate Highway System") and other [freeways](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highway "Controlled-access highway"), the speed limit ranges from 60 mph (96 km/h) in Hawaii to 85 mph (136 km/h) in parts of [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas "Texas"). All roads in the United States have a speed limit, but it is not always posted (especially in rural areas). ### Lane discipline and overtaking \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Lane discipline and overtaking")\] [Overtaking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overtaking "Overtaking"), usually called "passing", is legal on all four or more lane roads and on most two-lane roads with sufficient sight distance. On two-lane roads, one must pass to the left of the overtaken vehicle unless that vehicle is preparing to make a left turn, in which case the vehicle must be passed on the right. Passing on the left means that the overtaking vehicle must enter the oncoming lane. This should only be done in a legal passing zone, designated by either a dashed yellow center-line (indicating that passing is legal in both directions) or a solid line paired with a dashed line (indicating that passing is only legal for traffic adjacent to the broken line). A solid double yellow line indicated that passing is illegal in both directions. In some states, it is not against the law to overtake vehicles in the presence of solid yellow lines if it is safe to do so. For example, [Vermont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermont "Vermont") state law also allows passing across the double yellow line when no traffic is on the opposing side; however, one must pass quickly and return to the proper side.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) However, this is unusual as most states have a ban on crossing a double yellow line except when turning, or when pedestrians, bicycles, or other obstructions in the road make it necessary. Overtaking another vehicle across a solid yellow line is usually considered a serious traffic violation in most states.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-vermont.gov-5) On roads with four or more lanes (including divided highways), vehicles may pass to the left or to the right of slower vehicles as long as the maneuver can be completed safely. However, most states either suggest or require that through traffic stay to the right except to pass.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-6) The [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") includes several signage standards to inform drivers of proper lane discipline, including the "STAY RIGHT PASS LEFT" and "SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT" signs.[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-7) 49 states, the [District of Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbia "District of Columbia") and the five [inhabited territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States "Territories of the United States") have passed laws requiring seat belt use by at least all occupants of the front seat. New Hampshire is the only state with no such requirement for adults (anyone under eighteen must use a seat belt). Some states also require rear seat occupants to wear seat belts. In 24 states, the seat belt law is considered to be only a secondary offense, meaning that a police officer can only ticket a person for violating the seat belt law if the driver has already been stopped for another reason. The effectiveness of seat belt laws varies considerably throughout the country, with some areas observing over 95% usage and others with less than 40% usage. In the United States, [road signs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_sign "Traffic sign") are, for the most part, standardized by federal regulations, most notably in the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices") (MUTCD) and its companion volume the Standard Highway Signs (SHS). Under a federal regulation promulgated by the [Federal Highway Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administration "Federal Highway Administration") pursuant to the Highway Safety Act, states must remain in "substantial conformance" with the MUTCD.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-8) This standard does not require states to precisely conform to the MUTCD, which allows for a degree of local variation in certain minor aspects of road signs and markings. ## Uniform Vehicle Code \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Uniform Vehicle Code")\] The Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) is a [model act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_act "Model act") developed by the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (NCUTLO), a defunct private [non-profit organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonprofit_organization "Nonprofit organization"). Most of the members were [state governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States "State governments of the United States"), in addition to some related organizations. The extent to which the code is used varies by each [state](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states "U.S. states"), [territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States "Territories of the United States"), and [Native American tribe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribe_\(Native_American\) "Tribe (Native American)"). It was last updated in 2000. Although the UVC was broadly influential, virtually all American jurisdictions extensively rearranged, renumbered, and rewrote various UVC sections in the process of enacting them. One example of the resulting complexity is that in 1979, the NCUTLO needed 262 pages just to explain all state-by-state variations of each section of UVC Chapter 11, Rules of the Road.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-9) Some time not long after the release of the 2000 edition, " \[the\] NCUTLO went into hiatus because of a lack of funding. The primary problem was that the Internet provided, at no cost, much of the information that was previously easily available only from the committee for the cost of an annual membership."[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-10) It has since ceased operations. In the absence of NCUTLO, the [NCUTCD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCUTCD "NCUTCD") (the NCUTLO's counterpart in the development of the [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manual_on_Uniform_Traffic_Control_Devices "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices")) has appointed a task force to review potentially outdated portions of the most recent edition of the UVC, and to propose updated language. The last update was issued in 2015.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_note-11) ## International standards \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traffic_law_in_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: International standards")\] The United States was one of the original signatories on September 19, 1949, to the [Geneva Convention on Road Traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Convention_on_Road_Traffic "Geneva Convention on Road Traffic"), which came into effect in the United States on August 30, 1950. However, the United States has not signed or ratified subsequent treaties like the [Vienna Convention on Road Traffic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic "Vienna Convention on Road Traffic"). - [Driving in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States "Driving in the United States") 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-1) ["Hands-free options for obeying the distracted driving law"](http://www.fox5atlanta.com/good-day/hands-free-options-for-obeying-the-distracted-driving-law). Atlanta: WAGA-TV. Retrieved June 8, 2018. 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-2) ["Driving Tips & Rules for Easy Car Rental in USA"](http://www.usacarsrental.com/useful-stuff/). Usacarsrental.com. May 25, 2015. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-state1_3-0) [Texas Driver's Handbook](https://web.archive.org/web/20130614230518/http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/DriverLicense/documents/DL-7.pdf) (PDF). July 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/driverlicense/documents/dl-7.pdf) (PDF) on June 14, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-4) ["Etats-Unis- Dernière minute"](https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/conseils-aux-voyageurs/conseils-par-pays-destination/etats-unis/#complements). 5. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-vermont.gov_5-1) ["Department of Motor Vehicles"](http://www.dmv.vermont.gov/). Vermont Agency of Transportation. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-6)* ["State "keep right" laws"](https://www.mit.edu/~jfc/right.html). Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 7. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-7) [Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices](https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/pdfs/2009r1r2/mutcd09r1r2editionhl.pdf) (PDF). 2009. Retrieved July 27, 2017. 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-8) [23 CFR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_23_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations "Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations") [655\.603](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-23/section-655.603) 9. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-9) National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances (1979). [Traffic Laws Annotated](https://books.google.com/books?id=f3xPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR9). Washington, D.C.: [National Highway Traffic Safety Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration"). pp. ix–xiii. Retrieved October 5, 2021. 10. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-10) ["Rules of the Road Revisions-Request for Comment"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160305153725/http://www.ncutcd.org/rulesroad042013.shtml). National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Archived from [the original](http://www.ncutcd.org/rulesroad042013.shtml) on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016. 11. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_law_in_the_United_States#cite_ref-11) [2015 Draft of Updates to Uniform Vehicle Code, NCUTCD official website](http://www.ncutcd.org/Documents/SharedDocs/2000UVC-ROROCh1and11.pdf) - Official website of [National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances](https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.ncutlo.org/) at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (archive index) - [2000 Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code](http://iamtraffic.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/UVC2000.pdf)
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