🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa081)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant","crawl_time":1774060635,"first_indexed_time":1638245652,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"This\ntimeline of the\nSARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\n(November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and\/or discovered in retrospect.\nThe extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from\nWHO\n;\n[\n1\n]\nstructure from\nPDB\n:\n6VYB\n.\n[\n2\n]\nSouth African\nscientists begin seeing samples where\nPCR tests\nhave S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in\nDelta\nwhich had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in\nepidemiology\n.\n[\n3\n]\nThe first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the\nOmicron\nvariant by the\nWorld Health Organization\n(WHO) is collected in South Africa.\n[\n4\n]\n[\n5\n]\n[\n6\n]\nOther samples of the Omicron variant are collected in\nBotswana\nby South African scientists\n[\n7\n]\n[\n8\n]\nunder the aegis of\nNetwork for Genomic Surveillance South Africa\n(NGS-SA).\nMore than 70 percent of sequenced samples from\nGauteng\nprovince in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province.\n[\n9\n]\nSouth Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO,\n[\n1\n]\nbased on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November.\n[\n10\n]\nThe variation first comes to public notice\n[\n11\n]\nat a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of\nSouth Africa\n.\nRichard Lessells\n, an infectious-diseases physician at the\nUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal\n,\n[\n12\n]\nremarked that \"There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic.\" Professor\nPenny Moore\n, a\nvirologist\nat the\nUniversity of the Witwatersrand\n[\n13\n]\nsaid of the pace of this research that \"we're flying at warp speed\".\n[\n7\n]\nAt this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77.\n[\n14\n]\nOn 26 November at an emergency meeting in\nGeneva\n, Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated\nPANGO lineage\nB.1.1.529 a\nvariant of concern\n(VOC) and gave it the designation\nOmicron\n(skipping\nNu\nand\nXi\n, the next letters in the\nGreek alphabet\nin keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the\nDelta\nvariant).\n[\n15\n]\n[\n16\n]\n[\n17\n]\nAt this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana,\n[\n18\n]\nEngland,\n[\n19\n]\nHong Kong,\n[\n20\n]\nItaly,\n[\n21\n]\nIsrael,\n[\n22\n]\nand Belgium,\n[\n23\n]\nand 2 probable cases in Germany\n[\n24\n]\nand 1 in Czech Republic.\n[\n25\n]\n[\n26\n]\nThe first two cases in the\nUnited Kingdom\nare announced. Additionally it was announced via\nTwitter\nthat Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m.\nGMT\n[\n27\n]\ngenomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.\n[\n28\n]\nFurthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its \"at risk\" list along with other countries with cases.\n[\n29\n]\nTwo\nDanish\nreturnees from South Africa test positive,\n[\n30\n]\nand another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in\nOttawa, Canada\n. A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing.\n[\n31\n]\nIsrael bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks.\n[\n32\n]\n[\n33\n]\nThe first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights\n[\n34\n]\nfrom South Africa to\nThe Netherlands\non November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed.\n[\n35\n]\n[\n36\n]\nFive additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later.\n[\n37\n]\nTwo cases were detected in\nSydney, Australia\n. Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via\nDoha, Qatar\n. The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate.\n[\n38\n]\nSouth African President\nCyril Ramaphosa\naddressed the Nation at 20:00\nSAST\n.\n[\n39\n]\n[\n40\n]\nHe highlighted a few key points in his address.\n[\n41\n]\nFirstly he explained the arrival of the new\nOmicron variant\nand stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant.\n[\n42\n]\nHe called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure \"is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant\".\n[\n43\n]\n[\n44\n]\nSecondly, he called for the country to\nvaccinate\n.\n[\n45\n]\nFinally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering.\n[\n46\n]\nA further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed.\n[\n47\n]\n[\n48\n]\nThe affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'.\n[\n49\n]\nAustralia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from\nJohannesburg\n. He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the\nHoward Springs\nquarantine facility in the\nNorthern Territory\n.\n[\n50\n]\nThe first six cases are identified in\nScotland\n(bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the\nLanarkshire\narea and two in Greater\nGlasgow\nand Clyde area.\n[\n51\n]\nSpain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa.\n[\n52\n]\nIndia\nannounces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the\naegis\nof\nCOVAX\n) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations.\n[\n53\n]\nAt a special session of the\nWorld Health Assembly\nWHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk.\n[\n54\n]\nEcuador\nand\nJapan\nimpose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does\nFrance\n(on the Indian Ocean island of\nRéunion\n).\nChina's leader\nXi Jinping\npledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa).\n[\n55\n]\nIn\nthe Netherlands\n, two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November.\n[\n56\n]\nUnited States\n,\n[\n57\n]\nSaudi Arabia,\n[\n58\n]\nGhana\n,\nSouth Korea\n,\nNorway\nand\nNigeria\nannounce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel,\n[\n59\n]\n[\n60\n]\nand more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions.\n[\n61\n]\nIreland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission.\n[\n62\n]\nThe\nIsraeli Ministry of Health\nhas confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's\nExCeL London\nin late November 2021.\n[\n63\n]\n[\n64\n]\nUnited Arab Emirates\nannounces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain.\n[\n65\n]\nA case is found in the greater\nParis\n, France region, reports\nBFM TV\n; the infected person had recently returned from\nNigeria\n.\n[\n66\n]\nThis is the first case in mainland France.\n[\n67\n]\nIceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad;\n[\n68\n]\nGreece announces its first case (in\nCrete\n), an individual who had traveled to South Africa.\n[\n69\n]\nFinland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group.\n[\n70\n]\nSingapore preliminarily reports its first two cases.\n[\n71\n]\nThe US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an\nanime\nconvention in New York City,\nAnime NYC 2021\n; vaccination had been required for attendance.\n[\n72\n]\nThe event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a\nsuperspreader\nevent.\n[\n73\n]\n[\n74\n]\n[\n75\n]\nMalaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university.\n[\n76\n]\nThere are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history.\n[\n77\n]\nRéunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa.\n[\n78\n]\nMore than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states.\n[\n79\n]\nThe official number of cases in\nSouth Korea\nis now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a\nsuperspreader event\n. Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge.\n[\n80\n]\nOfficials in\nNorway\nofficially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a\nsuperspreader event\n, being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected.\n[\n81\n]\nUltimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster.\n[\n82\n]\nIsrael confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom.\n[\n83\n]\nEight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each.\nNebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast.\n[\n84\n]\nFiji\nconfirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November.\n[\n85\n]\nThe Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely \"Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa.\" As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date.\n[\n86\n]\nQueensland\n, Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant.\n[\n87\n]\nWHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries.\n[\n88\n]\nBy this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. \"Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported.\"\n[\n89\n]\nPakistan\nreports its first suspected case.\n[\n90\n]\nWHO announces that \"Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron.\" Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week.\n[\n91\n]\nCuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique.\n[\n92\n]\nSingapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated.\n[\n93\n]\nBangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe.\n[\n94\n]\nIn the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases.\n[\n95\n]\n64 new cases are reported in\nNew South Wales\n, Australia.\n[\n96\n]\nIsrael reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55.\n[\n97\n]\n[\n98\n]\nThe first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies;\n[\n99\n]\nthe variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK.\n[\n100\n]\nChina reports its first case (a returnee from overseas),\n[\n101\n]\nin\nTianjin\n.\n[\n102\n]\nPuerto Rico confirms its first case,\n[\n103\n]\nas does Pakistan.\n[\n104\n]\nFrance reports 130 cases.\n[\n105\n]\nIn England 20 cases are in hospital.\n[\n105\n]\nStudies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless.\n[\n106\n]\nAlgeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the\nAlgiers International Airport\n.\n[\n107\n]\nIsrael has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases.\n[\n108\n]\nMainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at\nShanghai International Airport\n. The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission.\n[\n109\n]\nOmicron is now extant in all six\nWHO regions\n[\n110\n]\nNew Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December.\n[\n111\n]\nIndonesia confirms its first case.\n[\n112\n]\nMalaysia reports its second case,\n[\n113\n]\nand Poland its first.\n[\n114\n]\nFifteen people are hospitalized in the UK.\n[\n114\n]\nThe\nantibody\ntreatment\nEvusheld\nproduced by\nAstraZeneca\nis shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas\nRegeneron\n's\nRonapreve\ntherapy proves to be less effective.\n[\n115\n]\nDespite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in\nOrange County, Florida\ntest nearly 100% for Omicron.\n[\n116\n]\nExactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it.\n[\n117\n]\nThe\nState of Palestine\nreported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad.\n[\n118\n]\nNew Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in\nAuckland\nfrom\nDubai\non 11 December and traveled to a\nmanaged isolation and quarantine\nin\nRotorua\non a bus chartered for international arrivals.\n[\n119\n]\nIn the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern.\n[\n120\n]\n(A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.)\n[\n121\n]\nAs it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week.\n[\n122\n]\nThe\nR number\nfor Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr.\nSusan Hopkins\n, chief medical advisor at the\nUK Health Security Agency\nreported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland.\n[\n123\n]\nIn Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases,\n[\n124\n]\nand in\nIreland\n35%.\n[\n125\n]\nQatar\nreports its first four cases, imported from abroad.\n[\n126\n]\nWHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown.\n[\n127\n]\nSeven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force.\n[\n128\n]\nIsrael has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134.\n[\n129\n]\nMalaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December.\n[\n130\n]\nNew Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight.\n[\n131\n]\nThe\nMayor of London\nSadiq Khan\n, declares a major incident.\n[\n132\n]\n[\n133\n]\nIn the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the\nMiami-Dade\narea (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as \"unprecedented\". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December.\n[\n134\n]\nNetherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron.\n[\n135\n]\nIran announces its first case.\n[\n136\n]\nThe variant is now the dominant strain in\nOntario\n, Canada, accounting for 51% of cases.\n[\n137\n]\n12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case.\n[\n138\n]\n[\n139\n]\nPeru reports its first four cases.\n[\n140\n]\nModerna announces that its mRNA-1273\n[\n138\n]\n\"half-dose booster\" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses.\n[\n141\n]\n[\n142\n]\nCDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior.\n[\n143\n]\nIt has now been identified in at least 30 states.\n[\n144\n]\nA report by the\nImperial College COVID-19 Response Team\nbased on data from England, found that\nhospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta.\n[\n145\n]\nAlgeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa.\n[\n146\n]\nAirlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages.\nUnited Airlines\ncancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and\nDeutsche Lufthansa AG\n's robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent.\n[\n147\n]\nIn the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled.\n[\n148\n]\nPortugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case.\n[\n149\n]\nAlso, the confirmed first case in\nIslamabad\n, the capital of Pakistan, is reported.\n[\n90\n]\nAlgeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom.\n[\n150\n]\nOmicron is in at least 115 countries.\n[\n151\n]\nThe first cases are identified in\nGaza Strip\nand\nDominican Republic\n.\n[\n152\n]\nOmicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal.\n[\n153\n]\nCDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US.\n[\n154\n]\nThailand identifies its first superspreader event.\n[\n155\n]\nNew Zealand reports its first community case.\n[\n156\n]\n[\n157\n]\nAlgeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians.\n[\n158\n]\nThe second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga.\n[\n159\n]\nStaffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US.\n[\n160\n]\nThe Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST.\n[\n161\n]\nDr\nTedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus\n, WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that \"Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict\".\n[\n162\n]\nThe\nUKHSA\nannounced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the\nvariant of concern\nhad become the dominant strain in England.\n[\n163\n]\nFrench Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be \"very difficult\".\n[\n162\n]\nSouth Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive\npost mortem\nfor Omicron.\n[\n164\n]\nAs per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants.\n[\n165\n]\nUS COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread.\n[\n166\n]\nA news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that \"the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs\", which might make it easier \"to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts\".\n[\n167\n]\nIndia records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities.\n[\n168\n]\nWHO announces that Omicron should not be described as \"mild\" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide.\n[\n169\n]\nBritain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors.\n[\n170\n]\nAlgeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from\nAlgiers\n, 06 cases from\nBéjaïa\n, 01 cases from\nBouïra\n, 11 cases from\nConstantine\n, bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases.\n[\n171\n]\nMass testing begins in\nTianjin\n, China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant.\n[\n172\n]\nPeru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections.\n[\n173\n]\nWHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant.\n[\n174\n]\nIn the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant.\n[\n175\n]\nAlgeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from\nBlida\n, 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from\nHassi Messaoud\nand 1 case in\nAïn Defla\nand\nLaghouat\n, bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases.\n[\n176\n]\nUS reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor,\nAnthony Fauci\n, predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January.\n[\n177\n]\nBeijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the\nHaidian district\n.\n[\n178\n]\n[\n179\n]\nAuthorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations.\n[\n180\n]\nIn China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada.\n[\n181\n]\n[\n182\n]\n[\n183\n]\nHowever, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative.\n[\n184\n]\nFrance reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases.\n[\n185\n]\nThe\nPasteur Institute of Algeria\n(IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants.\n[\n186\n]\nNew Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90.\n[\n187\n]\nNew Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105.\n[\n188\n]\nOmicron is confirmed to be a\nzoonotic\ndisease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at\nPennsylvania State University\nin\nwhite-tailed deer\nin\nStaten Island\n, N.Y.\n[\n189\n]\nThe BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally.\n[\n190\n]\nThe BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples.\n[\n191\n]\nOn 9 January 2023 the\nEuropean CDC\nsaid there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months.\n[\n192\n]\nLate in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases.\n[\n193\n]\nThese two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a\nphenylalanine\n(F) to\nleucine\n(L) mutation and an\narginine\n(R) to\nthreonine\n(T) mutation in the virus's spike protein.\n[\n194\n]\nBy July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in\nNew South Wales\nduring the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2.\n[\n195\n]\nEarly in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany.\n[\n196\n]\nXEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases.\n[\n197\n]\nLate in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as \"Stratus\")\n[\n198\n]\nwas discovered in Canada.\n[\n199\n]\nXFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named \"Nimbus\", often with extremely sore throat)\n[\n200\n]\nwith 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases.\n[\n201\n]\nIn late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively.\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nOn 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a\nVOI\n; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as\nVUM\ns. The estimated prevalence for the week ending 7 September 2025 was 68% for XFG (an increase compared to 61% for the week ending 10 August), 20% for NB.1.8.1 (a decrease compared to 24% for the week ending 10 August), and 4% or lower for the other four variants.\n[\n202\n]\nIn late September, the\nECDC\nlisted no\nVOC\ns, and listed BA.2.86 as a VOI, and NB.1.8.1 and XFG as VUMs.\n[\n203\n]\n^\na\nb\n\"Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern\"\n.\nwho.int\n.\n^\nWalls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D (April 2020).\n\"Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein\"\n.\nCell\n.\n181\n(2): 281–292.e6.\ndoi\n:\n10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058\n.\nPMC\n \n7102599\n.\nPMID\n \n32155444\n.\n^\nCowan K (29 November 2021).\n\"Inside SA leg of Omicron variant discovery: A single test result, a missing gene, and an email\"\n. News24\n. Retrieved\n2 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Omicron becomes dominant variant in South Africa\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. 2 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n2 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Update 1 December 2021\"\n(PDF)\n. South African National Institute for Communicable Diseases\n. Retrieved\n2 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Tracking of Variants\"\n.\nGISAID\n. Retrieved\n2 December\n2021\n.\n^\na\nb\nCallaway E (25 November 2021).\n\"Heavily mutated coronavirus variant puts scientists on alert\"\n.\nNature\n.\n600\n(7887): 21.\nBibcode\n:\n2021Natur.600...21C\n.\ndoi\n:\n10.1038\/d41586-021-03552-w\n.\nPMID\n \n34824381\n.\nS2CID\n \n244660616\n.\n^\n\"Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern\"\n. World Health Organization. 26 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n26 November\n2021\n.\n^\nWhiteside P (30 November 2021).\n\"COVID-19: How the spread of Omicron went from patient zero to all around the globe\"\n. SkyNews\n. Retrieved\n1 December\n2021\n.\n^\nVaughan A (27 November 2021).\n\"Omicron: How dangerous is the new variant first found in South Africa?\"\n. NewScientist\n. Retrieved\n1 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"New Covid variant: How worried should we be?\"\n.\nBBC News\n. 25 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n25 November\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Richard Lessells - Google Scholar\"\n.\nscholar.google.com\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Penny Moore\"\n.\nThe Conversation\n. 26 November 2015.\n^\n\"87 Omicron COVID-19 Variant of Concern Cases Confirmed\"\n.\nprecisionvaccinations.com\n.\n^\n\"Fact Check-WHO skipped letters of Greek alphabet while naming COVID-19 variant Omicron\"\n.\nReuters\n. November 27, 2021.\n^\nWorld Health Organization (WHO) [@WHO]\n(26 November 2021).\n\"The Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution met today to review what is known about the #COVID19 variant B.1.1.529. They advised WHO that it should be designated a Variant of Concern. WHO has named it Omicron, in line with naming protocols https:\/\/t.co\/bSbVas9yds https:\/\/t.co\/Gev1zIt1Ek\"\n(\nTweet\n).\nArchived\nfrom the original on 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\nParekh M, Platt P, Team GH, Barnes J (26 November 2021).\n\"Coronavirus latest news: EU suspends all flights to southern Africa over omicron Covid variant fears\"\n.\nThe Telegraph\n.\nISSN\n \n0307-1235\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 2022-01-11\n. Retrieved\n26 November\n2021\n.\n^\n\"GISAID - hCov19 Variants\"\n.\ngisaid.org\n.\n^\nJavid, Sajid [@sajidjavid]\n(27 November 2021).\n\"We have been made aware by @UKHSA of two UK cases of the Omicron variant. The two cases are linked and there is a connection with travel to southern Africa. These individuals are self-isolating with their households while further testing and contact tracing is underway\"\n(\nTweet\n).\nArchived\nfrom the original on 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\n\"CHP investigates six additional confirmed cases of COVID-19 and provides update on latest investigations on imported cases 12388 and 12404\"\n.\ninfo.gov.hk\n.\n^\n\"Covid, un caso di variante Omicron in Campania: isolati tutti i contatti\"\n.\nla Repubblica\n. November 27, 2021.\n^\n\"קורונה - משרד הבריאות\"\n.\nTelegram\n.\n^\n\"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Belgium (Situation update – 26 of November 2021)\"\n(PDF)\n. 26 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"2 Verdachtsfälle der neuen Omicron-Variante in Bayern bestätigt - Rückkehrer aus Südafrika sollen PCR-Test durchführen lassen, in Selbstquarantäne begeben und das Gesundheitsamt kontaktieren\"\n.\nBayerisches Staatsministerium für Gesundheit, Pflege und Prävention\n. November 27, 2021.\n^\nBabiš, Andrej [@AndrejBabis]\n(27 November 2021).\n\"Dovolím si korigovat média. Paní, která byla testovaná na novou mutaci, NEBYLA v Egyptě, ale na pobytu v Namibii a letěla zpět do ČR přes JAR a Dubaj. Výsledek jejího testu očekáváme, je teď v izolaci a trasují se všechny kontakty\"\n(\nTweet\n) (in Czech).\nArchived\nfrom the original on 27 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\n\"Tracking COVID-19 variant Omicron\"\n.\nBNO News\n. November 26, 2021.\n^\nGoillandeau M (27 November 2021).\n\"2 cases of Omicron variant detected in the UK, health secretary says\"\n.\nCNN\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Boris Johnson tightens rules on travel and mask-wearing over Omicron concerns\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. November 27, 2021.\n^\nSwiss Embassy UK [@SwissEmbassyUK] (27 November 2021).\n\"UPDATE - The UK has been added to Switzerland's risk country list. When boarding a plane and entering Switzerland, all persons travelling from the UK must present a negative COVID-19 test and quarantine for 10 days. Further information will follow on https:\/\/t.co\/2BBu56C1mp https:\/\/t.co\/x7i42O9vAU\"\n(\nTweet\n).\nArchived\nfrom the original on 27 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\n\"Omicron coronavirus variant spreads with cases detected in Netherlands, Denmark, Australia\"\n.\nCNBC\n. Reuters. 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n1 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Covid: Third case of Omicron variant detected in the UK\"\n.\nBBC News\n. 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Israel seals borders and Morocco bans flights as Omicron Covid fears rise\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. November 28, 2021.\n^\nPaas-Lang C (28 November 2021).\n\"Canada's first cases of the omicron coronavirus variant confirmed in Ottawa\"\n. CBC News\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Omicron: How two flights to Europe may have spurred spread of new Covid variant\"\n.\nThe Economic Times\n.\n^\nFeigl-Ding, Eric [@DrEricDing]\n(28 November 2021).\n\"BREAKING—13 #Omicron variant cases now confirmed from 61 #COVID19 cases among ~600 passengers on two flights from South Africa to Amsterdam 🇳🇱(that took off and was mid-air when EU travel limits added). Dutch government warns there will likely be more. https:\/\/t.co\/K6XSGcnn9h https:\/\/t.co\/CjMFccNmwT\"\n(\nTweet\n)\n. Retrieved\n28 November\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\n\"Covid: 13 test positive for Omicron after S Africa-Netherlands flights\"\n.\nBBC News\n. November 28, 2021.\n^\n\"Actuele informatie over COVID-19 | RIVM\"\n.\nrivm.nl\n(in Dutch). 4 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-06\n.\n^\n\"Travellers test positive to Omicron COVID-19 strain after arriving in Sydney from southern Africa, NSW Health says\"\n.\nABC News\n. 2021-11-28.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-28\n.\n^\n\"WATCH LIVE: President Ramaphosa to address the nation\"\n.\nEyewitness News\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"WATCH: President Cyril Ramaphosa addresses the nation | eNCA\"\n.\nenca.com\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"Family meeting: Ramaphosa to address nation at 8pm\"\n.\niol.co.za\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"Cyril Ramaphosa to address the nation on new Covid-19 variant\"\n.\nBusinessLIVE\n. 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\nFelix J.\n\"Closing the door to South Africa won't stop Omicron variant from spreading globally - Ramaphosa\"\n.\nNews24\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"FULL ADDRESS | SA remains on alert level 1 lockdown\"\n.\nTimesLIVE\n. 28 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\nStaff Writer.\n\"Ramaphosa to address South Africa on Sunday evening\"\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"SA stays on lockdown level 1 - Read President Cyril Ramaphosa's full speech\"\n.\niol.co.za\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\nIllidge M.\n\"Family meeting tonight — What to expect from Ramaphosa's Omicron address\"\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"[WATCH LIVE] Ramaphosa updates SA on Covid-19 measures (8 pm)\"\n.\nCapeTalk\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"South Africa dismayed at 'punishment' for honesty over Omicron coronavirus variant\"\n.\nThe Straits Times\n. 2021-11-28.\nISSN\n \n0585-3923\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\n\"COVID-positive repatriation flight arrival to the Northern Territory tests positive to Omicron variant\"\n.\nABC News\n. 2021-11-29\n. Retrieved\n2021-11-29\n.\n^\n\"Omicron variant\"\n.\ngov.scot\n. Scottish Government. 29 November 2021\n. Retrieved\n29 November\n2021\n.\n^\n\"First Omicron cases confirmed in Spain, Sweden – latest updates\"\n.\nTRT World\n.\n^\nChaudhury DR.\n\"India announces vaccine support to Africa to fight Omicron\"\n.\nThe Economic Times\n.\n^\n\"Omicron Covid variant poses very high global risk, says WHO\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. November 29, 2021.\n^\n\"Omicron: entry bans spread as China pledges 1bn jabs for Africa\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. November 30, 2021.\n^\nSaric I (30 November 2021).\n\"Omicron variant in the Netherlands before being discovered in South Africa\"\n.\nAxios\n. Retrieved\n11 September\n2025\n.\n^\n\"California confirms nation's first Omicron variant coronavirus case\"\n.\nLos Angeles Times\n. 2021-12-01\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\n\"Saudi Arabia detects first case of COVID-19 Omicron variant in Kingdom\"\n.\nAl Arabiya English\n. December 1, 2021.\n^\nAmbrose T, Hall R, Belam M, Lock S (2021-12-02).\n\"Covid news: Omicron detected in US; UK reports 48,374 new cases and 171 deaths – as it happened\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\nISSN\n \n0261-3077\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\n\"Omicron Covid variant 'present in Europe at least 10 days ago'\n\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. 2021-11-30\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\nAmbrose T, Hall R, Belam M, Lock S (2021-12-02).\n\"Covid news: Omicron detected in US; UK reports 48,374 new cases and 171 deaths – as it happened\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\nISSN\n \n0261-3077\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\nDwyer O (December 2021).\n\"Omicron Covid variant detected in Ireland from travel but 'no evidence yet' of community transmission\"\n.\nTheJournal.ie\n.\n^\n\"Doctor who attended UK summit confirmed as Israel's 3rd Omicron case\"\n.\nThe Times of Israel\n. 2 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 4 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\nGregory A (1 December 2021).\n\"Israeli doctor believes he caught Omicron variant of Covid in London\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 17 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Omicron variant fuelling 'exponential' rise in Covid cases, say South Africa officials\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 2, 2021.\n^\nChao-Fong L, Campbell L, Belam M, Lock S (December 2, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Germany set to impose restrictions on the unvaccinated; India detects two cases of Omicron variant\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"First case of Omicron variant case found in mainland France\"\n.\nReuters\n. December 2, 2021.\n^\n\"Iceland's First Case of Omicron Variant Confirmed\"\n.\nIceland Monitor\n.\n^\n\"Greece Reports First Case of Omicron Variant on Crete\"\n. December 2, 2021.\n^\n\"Finland discovers first case of Omicron variant of coronavirus\"\n.\nReuters\n. December 2, 2021.\n^\nWong S (2021-12-02).\n\"Singapore detects first 2 imported Covid-19 cases who test preliminarily positive for Omicron\"\n.\nThe Straits Times\n.\nISSN\n \n0585-3923\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-02\n.\n^\n\"Second US case of Omicron linked to New York anime convention\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. Associated Press. December 2, 2021.\n^\nHollister S (December 2, 2021).\n\"All 53,000 attendees of Anime NYC urged to get tested after one got Omicron\"\n.\nThe Verge\n.\n^\n\"Statement from Mayor de Blasio on Omicron Variant\"\n.\nTwitter\n. 2 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Anime NYC Omicron variant announcement\"\n.\nTwitter\n. 2 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Omicron sudah sampai ke Malaysia\"\n.\nMalaysiakini\n. 2021-12-03\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-03\n.\n^\n\"Omicron: Biden tightens travel rules amid new Omicron cases\"\n.\nBBC News\n. December 3, 2021.\n^\n\"Codid-19 : un second cas de variant Omicron à La Réunion\"\n(in French). Imaz Press. December 3, 2021\n. Retrieved\n3 December\n2021\n.\n^\nPrang A, Abbott B (December 4, 2021).\n\"Omicron Variant Detected in at Least 10 U.S. States\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nMarsh S, Elgot J, Marsh S, Mason R (December 4, 2021).\n\"Covid news: Boris Johnson reported to police over No 10 parties, South Korea cases and deaths at new high\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\n^\n\"Omicron outbreak at Norway Christmas party is biggest outside South Africa, authorities say\"\n. CNN. Reuters. 3 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n5 December\n2021\n.\n^\nBrandal L, Macdonald E, Veneti L, Ravlo T (16 December 2021).\n\"Outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Norway, November to December 2021\"\n.\nEurosurveillance\n.\n26\n(50).\ndoi\n:\n10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.50.2101147\n.\nPMC\n \n8728491\n.\nPMID\n \n34915975\n.\nS2CID\n \n245263130\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19 pandemic: Israel confirms 7 cases of omicron, 27 others suspected\"\n.\nBusiness Standard\n. 4 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 4 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"New York Omicron cases rise to eight as official warns of community spread\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. 4 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n14 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Two confirmed cases of Omicron variant in quarantine\"\n.\nFiji Broadcasting Corporation\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-06\n.\n^\n\"Weekly operational update on COVID-19 - 7 December 2021\"\n.\nwho.int\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-08\n.\n^\n\"Queensland records first cases of the Omicron variant of COVID-19, both genetically different\"\n.\nABC News\n. 2021-12-08\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-08\n.\n^\n\"New omicron variant detected in 57 countries: WHO\"\n.\naa.com.tr\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-08\n.\n^\nCDC COVID-19 Response Team (December 18, 2021).\n\"SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant — United States, December 1–8, 2021\"\n.\nMMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report\n.\n70\n(50):\n1731–\n1734.\ndoi\n:\n10.15585\/mmwr.mm7050e1\n.\nPMC\n \n8675659\n.\nPMID\n \n34914670\n.\nS2CID\n \n245071514\n– via cdc.gov.\n^\na\nb\nJunaidi I (December 25, 2021).\n\"Islamabad reports its first confirmed case of Omicron\"\n.\nDAWN.COM\n.\n^\n\"Omicron spreads to 57 countries but too early to tell if variant more infectious, WHO says\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 9, 2021.\n^\nAmbrose T, Campbell L, Belam M, Lock S (December 10, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Australia to offer jabs to children aged five to 11; people in Scotland urged to cancel Christmas parties\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nBadshah N, Campbell L, Belam M, Lock S (December 10, 2021).\n\"UK reports highest daily new cases since January – as it happened\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nExpress TF.\n\"Bangladesh confirms first two cases of Omicron variant of COVID-19\"\n.\nThe Financial Express\n.\n^\nWernau J, Patel AD (December 17, 2021).\n\"New York Hits Covid-19 Case Record as Omicron Looms\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\n\"Australia Covid update: Omicron variant spreading rapidly as NSW and Victoria cases grow\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 13, 2021.\n^\n\"Israel reports 20 new omicron cases\"\n.\ni24NEWS\n. 12 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 13 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Cases of Omicron variant rise to 55 in Israel\"\n.\nXinhua News Agency\n. 12 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 13 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"At least one person in UK has died with Omicron, says Boris Johnson\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 13, 2021.\n^\nColchester M (December 13, 2021).\n\"U.K. Sees First Death of a Person With Omicron as Government Warns of Wave of Cases\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nOtte J, Hall R, Belam M, Lock S (December 13, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Mainland China reports first Omicron cases; Norway to tighten restrictions\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"Chinese mainland detects Omicron variant from imported asymptomatic carrier - People's Daily Online\"\n.\nen.people.cn\n.\n^\n\"Salud confirma el primer caso de ómicron en Puerto Rico\"\n.\nEl Nuevo Día\n. December 13, 2021.\n^\n\"Pakistan's first Omicron case confirmed through gene-sequencing\"\n.\nDAWN.COM\n. December 13, 2021.\n^\na\nb\nChao-Fong L, Campbell L, Belam M, Lock S (December 14, 2021).\n\"Covid live: France confirms 130 Omicron cases; South Korea has deadliest day of pandemic\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\n^\n\"The Omicron Variant Can Evade Vaccine Protection. Here's How We Know\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n. December 14, 2021.\n^\n\"Covid-19: détection d'un premier cas du variant Omicron en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). December 14, 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 2021-12-14.\n^\n\"Omicron spread in Israel may be wider than thought — report\"\n.\nThe Times of Israel\n. 14 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 15 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\nQingqing C (December 15, 2021).\n\"Mainland reports 2 Omicron cases as supply chain threatened - People's Daily Online\"\n.\nen.people.cn\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-16\n.\n^\n\"Omicron variant identified in 89 countries; has doubling time between 1.5-3 days in high community transmission areas: WHO\"\n. The Financial Express. 18 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-19\n.\n^\n\"First Omicron case detected in New Zealand\"\n.\nMinistry of Healfh\n. 16 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n16 December\n2021\n.\n^\ndetikcom T (2021-12-16).\n\"Pasien Pertama Omicron di RI Kini Sudah Negatif, Begini Kronologinya\"\n.\ndetiknews\n(in Indonesian)\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-16\n.\n^\nLock S, Ambrose T, Bartholomew J, Bryant M (December 16, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Italy reports highest daily cases since March; Canada's Omicron cases 'could overwhelm Ontario ICUs'\n\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\n^\na\nb\nLock S, Ambrose T, Bartholomew J, Bryant M (December 16, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Italy reports highest daily cases since March; Canada's Omicron cases 'could overwhelm Ontario ICUs'\n\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\n^\nLock S, Ambrose T, Bartholomew J, Bryant M (December 16, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Italy reports highest daily cases since March; Canada's Omicron cases 'could overwhelm Ontario ICUs'\n\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\n^\nGazn J (December 16, 2021).\n\"Omicron found in nearly all of Florida county's wastewater samples\"\n.\nNew York Daily News\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 16, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 17,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Dr. Anthony Fauci on Omicron and the Covid-19 Stalemate - the Journal. - WSJ Podcasts\"\n.\n^\n\"Palestinians detect first 3 cases of omicron in West Bank\"\n.\nABC News\n.\nAssociated Press\n. 17 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 17 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n17 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19: Three more Omicron cases reported in MIQ\"\n.\nRadio New Zealand\n. 17 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 17 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n17 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Biden warns of 'winter of severe illness and death' for those unvaccinated against Covid\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 16, 2021.\n^\n\"Omicron spreading rapidly in U.S., infections could peak in January, CDC warns\"\n.\nThe Washington Post\n. 2021-12-14\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-19\n.\n^\nWernau J, Patel AD (December 17, 2021).\n\"Omicron Variant's Rapid Spread Triggers New Precautions\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nBadshah N, Bryant M, Hall R, Otte J, Lock S (December 17, 2021).\n\"Covid live: UK reports 93,045 new cases; pubs and restaurants in Ireland reportedly set to get 8pm curfew\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nBadshah N, Bryant M, Hall R, Otte J, Lock S (December 17, 2021).\n\"Covid live: UK reports 93,045 new cases; pubs and restaurants in Ireland reportedly set to get 8pm curfew\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nBadshah N, Bryant M, Hall R, Otte J, Lock S (December 17, 2021).\n\"Covid live: UK reports 93,045 new cases; pubs and restaurants in Ireland reportedly set to get 8pm curfew\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"Covid-19: Qatar reports its first four Omicron cases\"\n.\nKhaleej Times\n.\n^\n\"WHO says Omicron in 89 countries and spreading rapidly\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. Reuters. December 18, 2021.\n^\nGayle D (18 December 2021).\n\"Covid live: Omicron spreads significantly faster than Delta, says WHO; experts call for stricter restrictions in England 'very soon'\n\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Cases of COVID-19 Omicron variant climb to 134 in Israel\"\n.\nXinhua News Agency\n. 18 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 18 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\nAdam A (18 December 2021).\n\"Dr Noor Hisham: 11 more Omicron variant cases detected\"\n.\nMalay Mail\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 19 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n19 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19 update: 39 community cases in New Zealand today, 4 new cases of Omicron\"\n.\nRadio New Zealand\n. 18 February 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 18 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n18 December\n2021\n.\n^\nKhan, Sadiq [@MayorofLondon]\n(19 December 2021).\n\"The Omicron variant has spread rapidly across the capital. Today I have declared a major incident in London because of the serious threat of COVID-19 to our city. This will help us avoid disruption to frontline services and to the life-saving booster vaccine rollout\"\n(\nTweet\n)\n. Retrieved\n19 December\n2021\n– via\nTwitter\n.\n^\n\"Covid: UK Omicron cases grow by more than 10,000 as major incident declared in London\"\n.\nITV\n. 18 December 2021. Archived from\nthe original\non 18 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n19 December\n2021\n.\n^\nMargol I, Torres A (December 16, 2021).\n\"\n'This is unprecedented': Omicron causes 80% of coronavirus cases in Miami-Dade in 2 weeks\"\n.\nWPLG\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 17, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 19,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Covid: Javid does not rule out more Covid measures\"\n.\nBBC News\n. 2021-11-28\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-19\n.\n^\nBartholomew J, Quinn B, Lawther F (19 December 2021).\n\"Covid live: UK minister not ruling out 'circuit breaker' before Christmas; Netherlands lockdown begins | World news\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. Retrieved\n2021-12-19\n.\n^\n\"The Science Behind Omicron's Rapid Spread\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n. 18 December 2021.\n^\na\nb\nLock S, Chao-Fong L, Ambrose T, Moloney C (December 20, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Thailand to consider ending quarantine-free travel; EU set to back Novavax vaccine\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n@ians_india (20 December 2021).\n\"The number of people dying due to the #OmicronVariant of #COVID19 in the #UK rose to 12 on Monday from seven report...\"\n(\nTweet\n) – via\nTwitter\n.\n^\nLock S, Chao-Fong L, Ambrose T, Moloney C (December 20, 2021).\n\"Covid live: Thailand to consider ending quarantine-free travel; EU set to back Novavax vaccine\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nKuchler H (December 20, 2021).\n\"Moderna Covid booster produces strong antibody response against Omicron\"\n.\nFinancial Times\n.\n^\nLoftus P (December 20, 2021).\n\"Moderna Says Covid-19 Booster Dose Works Against Omicron Variant in Lab Tests\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nToy S (December 21, 2021).\n\"Omicron Variant Accounts for 73% of U.S. Covid-19 Cases, CDC Says\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nToy S, Hernandez D, Sugden J, Roland D (December 17, 2021).\n\"Omicron and Its Symptoms: What to Know as Americans Are Catching the New Variant\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nFerguson N, Ghani A, Cori A, Hogan A, Hinsley W, Volz E (20 December 2021).\nGrowth, population distribution and immune escape of the Omicron in England\n(Technical report). WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Modelling, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis. Imperial College London.\ndoi\n:\n10.25561\/93038\n. Report 49.\nArchived\n(PDF)\nfrom the original on 20 December 2021.\n^\n\"Variant Omicron: un 2éme cas confirmé en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 24 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 24 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n24 December\n2021\n.\n^\nSider A (December 25, 2021).\n\"Travel Woes Deepen as Omicron Variant Hits Pilots and Flight Attendants\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\n\"Christmas travel chaos as airlines cancel more than 4,500 flights\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 25, 2021.\n^\nCassidy C, Badshah N, Ahmed K (December 26, 2021).\n\"France, Italy and Ireland see record daily highs; Israel orders 100,000 anti-viral pills – as it happened\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"Covid-19: deux nouveaux cas du variant Omicron détectés en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 26 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 26 December 2021.\n^\n@IndiaToday (26 December 2021).\n\"The new Covid variant Omicron is now present in nearly 115 countries. Here's a look at number of cases reported acr...\"\n(\nTweet\n) – via\nTwitter\n.\n^\nLock S, Shepherd T, Badshah N, Bryant M, Bryant T, Farrer M, Cassidy C (December 26, 2021).\n\"Covid live: US reports highest seven-day cases average since January; UK 'considering door-to-door vaccinations'\n\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nChao-Fong L, Ambrose T, Otte J, Lock S (December 28, 2021).\n\"England hospital Covid admissions highest since February; France announces new curbs – as it happened\"\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"CDC drastically drops estimate of US Omicron cases\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. 29 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 29 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n29 December\n2021\n.\n^\nCampbell L, Slawson N, Lock S (29 December 2021).\n\"Covid news live: France accelerates introduction of vaccine passes; Europe cases at record highs\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 29 December 2021.\n^\n\"New Zealand reports first community exposure to Omicron\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. 29 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 29 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n29 December\n2021\n.\n^\nEnsor B, Basagre B (29 December 2021).\n\"Covid-19: Omicron border case active in the community is DJ Dimension\"\n.\nStuff\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 29 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n29 December\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Coronavirus : 12 nouveaux cas du variant Omicron détectés en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 30 December 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 30 December 2021.\n^\n\"The second case with Omicron is registered in Northern Macedonia | txtreport.com\"\n.\ntxtreport.com\n. 30 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-03\n.\n^\nJohnson KS (December 31, 2021).\n\"Omicron Pushes Short-Staffed Urgent Care Centers to the Brink\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\n\"US to lift Omicron travel ban on eight African countries\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. December 24, 2021.\n^\na\nb\n\"Covid-19: WHO chief optimistic disease will be beaten in 2022\"\n.\nBBC News\n. December 31, 2021\n. Retrieved\n3 January\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Omicron daily overview: 31 December 2021\"\n(PDF)\n.\ngov.uk\n. UKHSA. 31 December 2021\n. Retrieved\n3 January\n2022\n.\nAs VOC Omicron is now the dominant strain within England, with effect from 1 January 2022 UKHSA will no longer be separately reporting VOC Omicron statistics.\n^\n\"S.Korea reports first deaths linked to Omicron coronavirus variant - Yonhap\"\n.\nReuters\n. 2022-01-03\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-03\n.\n^\nLock S, Mulligan EO, Ambrose T, Otte J (January 5, 2022).\n\"Italy reports record 170,844 cases and 259 deaths; fourth jab gives five-fold antibody boost, study says – as it happened\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\nEllyatt H (4 January 2022).\n\"U.S. reports over 1 million new daily Covid cases as omicron surges\"\n.\nCNBC\n.\n^\nKozlov M (5 January 2022).\n\"Omicron's feeble attack on the lungs could make it less dangerous\"\n.\nNature News\n.\n601\n(7892): 177.\nBibcode\n:\n2022Natur.601..177K\n.\ndoi\n:\n10.1038\/d41586-022-00007-8\n.\nPMID\n \n34987210\n.\nS2CID\n \n245709042\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19: India records first death linked to Omicron variant\"\n.\nBBC News\n. January 6, 2022.\n^\n\"Covid: Deadly Omicron should not be called mild, warns WHO\"\n.\nBBC News\n. 6 January 2022.\n^\n\"Military deployed at London hospitals due to Omicron staff shortages\"\n.\nTheGuardian.com\n. 7 January 2022.\n^\n\"Covid-19: 47 nouveaux cas du variant Omicron détectés en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 7 January 2022.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 9 January 2022.\n^\nChao-Fong L, Helmore E (January 9, 2022).\n\"Covid live news: UK minister says cutting self-isolation would be 'helpful'; Philippines sets new daily case record\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n– via theguardian.com.\n^\n\"Peru reports highest-ever weekly COVID-19 case count as Omicron spreads\"\n.\nReuters\n. 10 January 2022.\n^\n\"Covid: Half of Europe to be infected with Omicron within weeks - WHO\"\n.\nBBC News\n. January 11, 2022.\n^\nUlick J, Umlauf T (January 12, 2022).\n\"Will Record Omicron Cases Cause a Surge in the Severely Ill? Scientists Look for Signs\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\n\"Covid-19: 82 nouveaux cas du variant Omicron détectés en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 13 January 2022.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 13 January 2022.\n^\nHayes K (14 January 2022).\n\"US omicron peak: Fauci predicts steep drop in cases toward 'end of January'\n\"\n.\nFox News\n.\n^\n孫聖然 (2022-01-15).\n\"新冠肺炎|北京現首宗Omicron本土個案 患者發病前足跡涉多區\"\n.\n香港01\n(in Chinese (Hong Kong))\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-25\n.\n^\n\"北京新增一宗本土確診 涉及Omicron變種病毒 - RTHK\"\n.\nnews.rthk.hk\n(in Chinese (Hong Kong))\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-25\n.\n^\n\"Beijing reports its first locally transmitted Omicron variant case\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n. January 15, 2022.\n^\n\"危险快递!北京、深圳奥密克戎\"破防\"或由国际快递引起-中国科技网\"\n.\nstdaily.com\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-25\n.\n^\n戴萌萌.\n\"北京病例近期收到的国际邮件多处核酸阳性\"\n.\nnews.cctv.com\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-25\n.\n^\n\"最全!国际邮件快件如何收取才安全?专家详解_防控举措_北京经济技术开发区\"\n.\nkfqgw.beijing.gov.cn\n. Retrieved\n2022-01-25\n.\n^\n\"Beijing Says International Mail Is Possible Culprit in First Omicron Case\"\n.\nThe Wall Street Journal\n. 17 January 2022.\n^\n\"France Logs Nearly Half A Million Record Covid Cases Amid Omicron Surge\"\n.\nNDTV\n. 19 January 2022.\n^\n\"Coronavirus: 400 cas du variant Omicron enregistrés en Algérie\"\n.\naps.dz\n(in French). 20 January 2022.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 20 January 2022\n. Retrieved\n20 January\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19 update: 45 new community cases, 34 Omicron cases added to total\"\n.\nRadio New Zealand\n. 27 January 2022.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 27 January 2022\n. Retrieved\n28 January\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Covid-19 update: 105 new community cases, 15 new Omicron cases identified\"\n.\nRadio New Zealand\n. 28 January 2022.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 28 January 2022\n. Retrieved\n28 January\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Why Omicron-infected white-tailed deer pose an especially big risk to humans\"\n.\nFortune\n.\n^\nLanders P, Inada M (February 23, 2022).\n\"Fast-Spreading Covid-19 Omicron Type Revives Questions About Opening Up\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n– via wsj.com.\n^\nSheward DJ, Kim C, Fischbach J, Sato K, Muschiol S, Ehling RA, Björkström NK, Hedestam GB, Reddy ST, Albert J, Peacock TP, Murrell B (2022-10-13).\n\"Omicron sublineage BA.2.75.2 exhibits extensive escape from neutralising antibodies\"\n.\nThe Lancet Infectious Diseases\n.\n22\n(11):\n1538–\n1540.\ndoi\n:\n10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00663-6\n.\nPMC\n \n9560757\n.\nPMID\n \n36244347\n.\n^\n\"Update on SARS-CoV-2 variants: ECDC assessment of the XBB.1.5 sub-lineage\"\n. European CDC. 9 January 2023.\n^\nLeventis Lourgos A (9 May 2024).\n\"New COVID 'FLiRT' variants are spreading nationwide. Chicago health experts urge up to date vaccination\"\n.\nYahoo News\n. Retrieved\n14 May\n2024\n– via\nChicago Tribune\n.\n^\nKee C (2024-05-20).\n\"The new COVID variants spreading in the US are called 'FLiRT.' But why?\"\n.\nTODAY.com\n. Retrieved\n2024-05-29\n.\n^\nNathan Bartlett (9 July 2024).\n\"From FLiRT to FLuQE: what to know about the latest COVID variants on the rise\"\n.\nThe Conversation\n.\nISSN\n \n2431-2134\n.\nWikidata\n \nQ127329080\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 10 July 2024.\n^\nKaku Y, Okumura K, Kawakubo S, Uriu K, Chen L, Kosugi Y, Uwamino Y, Begum MM, Leong S, Ikeda T, Sadamasu K, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Yoshimura K, Ito J, Sato K (December 2024). \"Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 XEC variant\".\nThe Lancet Infectious Diseases\n.\n24\n(12): e736.\ndoi\n:\n10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00731-X\n.\nPMID\n \n39521009\n.\n^\n\"3 Things to Know About XEC, the Dominant COVID Strain\"\n.\nYale Medicine\n. Retrieved\n25 July\n2025\n.\n^\n\"What is new 'Stratus' Covid strain? Symptoms to look out for as UK cases grow\"\n.\nThe Independent\n. 12 August 2025\n. Retrieved\n24 September\n2025\n.\n^\nGuo C, Yu Y, Liu J, Jian F, Yang S, Song W, Yu L, Shao F, Cao Y (July 2025). \"Antigenic and virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants BA.3.2, XFG, and NB.1.8.1\".\nThe Lancet Infectious Diseases\n.\n25\n(7):\ne374–\ne377.\ndoi\n:\n10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00308-1\n.\nPMID\n \n40484018\n.\n^\n\"What is new 'Nimbus' Covid variant? Symptoms as cases grow in UK\"\n.\nThe Independent\n. 19 June 2025\n. Retrieved\n24 September\n2025\n.\n^\n\"WHO TAG-VE Risk Evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 Variant Under Monitoring: XFG\"\n(PDF)\n.\nWorld Health Organization\n. Retrieved\n25 July\n2025\n.\n^\nWHO COVID-19 dashboard – Summary\n,\nWorld Health Organization\n, 14 September 2025,\nWikidata\n \nQ136406665\n, archived from\nthe original\non 30 September 2025\n^\nSARS-CoV-2 variants of concern as of 26 September 2025\n,\nEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\n, 26 September 2025,\nWikidata\n \nQ136406441\n, archived from\nthe original\non 30 September 2025","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Timeline+of+the+SARS-CoV-2+Omicron+variant \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Timeline+of+the+SARS-CoV-2+Omicron+variant \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant)\n- [1 November 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#November_2021)\n  Toggle November 2021 subsection\n  - [1\\.1 4 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#4_November)\n  - [1\\.2 8 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_November)\n  - [1\\.3 9 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#9_November)\n  - [1\\.4 14–23 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#14%E2%80%9323_November)\n  - [1\\.5 24 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_November)\n  - [1\\.6 25 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#25_November)\n  - [1\\.7 26 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#26_November)\n  - [1\\.8 27 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#27_November)\n  - [1\\.9 28 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#28_November)\n  - [1\\.10 29 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#29_November)\n  - [1\\.11 30 November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#30_November)\n- [2 December 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#December_2021)\n  Toggle December 2021 subsection\n  - [2\\.1 1 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#1_December)\n  - [2\\.2 2 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2_December)\n  - [2\\.3 3 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#3_December)\n  - [2\\.4 4 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#4_December)\n  - [2\\.5 5 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#5_December)\n  - [2\\.6 6 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#6_December)\n  - [2\\.7 7 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#7_December)\n  - [2\\.8 8 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_December)\n  - [2\\.9 9 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#9_December)\n  - [2\\.10 10 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#10_December)\n  - [2\\.11 11 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#11_December)\n  - [2\\.12 12 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#12_December)\n  - [2\\.13 13 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#13_December)\n  - [2\\.14 14 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#14_December)\n  - [2\\.15 15 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#15_December)\n  - [2\\.16 16 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#16_December)\n  - [2\\.17 17 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#17_December)\n  - [2\\.18 18 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#18_December)\n  - [2\\.19 19 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#19_December)\n  - [2\\.20 20 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#20_December)\n  - [2\\.21 24 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_December)\n  - [2\\.22 25 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#25_December)\n  - [2\\.23 26 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#26_December)\n  - [2\\.24 27 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#27_December)\n  - [2\\.25 29 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#29_December)\n  - [2\\.26 30 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#30_December)\n  - [2\\.27 31 December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#31_December)\n- [3 January 2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_2022)\n  Toggle January 2022 subsection\n  - [3\\.1 January 1](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_1)\n  - [3\\.2 January 3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_3)\n  - [3\\.3 January 4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_4)\n  - [3\\.4 January 6](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_6)\n  - [3\\.5 January 7](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_7)\n  - [3\\.6 January 9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_9)\n  - [3\\.7 January 10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_10)\n  - [3\\.8 January 12](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_12)\n  - [3\\.9 January 13](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_13)\n  - [3\\.10 January 14](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_14)\n  - [3\\.11 January 15](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_15)\n  - [3\\.12 January 17](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_17)\n  - [3\\.13 January 19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_19)\n  - [3\\.14 January 20](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_20)\n  - [3\\.15 January 27](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_27)\n  - [3\\.16 January 28](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_28)\n- [4 February 2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#February_2022)\n  Toggle February 2022 subsection\n  - [4\\.1 8 February](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_February)\n  - [4\\.2 24 February](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_February)\n- [5 October 2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#October_2022)\n  Toggle October 2022 subsection\n  - [5\\.1 13 October](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#13_October)\n- [6 2023](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2023)\n- [7 2024 and later](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2024_and_later)\n  Toggle 2024 and later subsection\n  - [7\\.1 2024](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2024)\n  - [7\\.2 2025](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2025)\n- [8 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#References)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\n2 languages\n\n- [العربية](https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81_2_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86 \"الجدول الزمني لمتحور سارس كوف 2 أوميكرون – Arabic\")\n- [Español](https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anexo:Cronolog%C3%ADa_de_la_variante_%C3%B3micron_del_SARS-CoV-2 \"Anexo:Cronología de la variante ómicron del SARS-CoV-2 – Spanish\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q109784239#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&oldid=1334496827 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&id=1334496827&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTimeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q109784239 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nMain articles: [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\") and [Variants of SARS-CoV-2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2 \"Variants of SARS-CoV-2\")\n\nThis **timeline of the [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\")** (November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and\/or discovered in retrospect.\n\n[![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking down onto the receptor-binding domain](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png\/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)\n\n[![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking at the side of the protein](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/50\/Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png\/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)\n\nThe extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from [WHO](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WHO \"WHO\");[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) structure from [PDB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protein_Data_Bank \"Protein Data Bank\"): [6VYB](https:\/\/www.rcsb.org\/structure\/6VYB).[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-walls_2020-2)\n\n## November 2021\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: November 2021\")\\]\n\n### 4 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: 4 November\")\\]\n\n[South African](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Africa \"South Africa\") scientists begin seeing samples where [PCR tests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PCR_test \"PCR test\") have S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in [Delta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant\") which had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in [epidemiology](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epidemiology \"Epidemiology\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-3)\n\n### 8 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: 8 November\")\\]\n\nThe first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the *Omicron* variant by the [World Health Organization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Organization \"World Health Organization\") (WHO) is collected in South Africa.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-TG_SAfrica_2Dec-4)[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-5)[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-6)\n\n### 9 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: 9 November\")\\]\n\nOther samples of the Omicron variant are collected in [Botswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Botswana \"Botswana\") by South African scientists[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-8) under the aegis of [Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Network_for_Genomic_Surveillance_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa (page does not exist)\") (NGS-SA).\n\n### 14–23 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: 14–23 November\")\\]\n\nMore than 70 percent of sequenced samples from [Gauteng](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gauteng \"Gauteng\") province in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-9)\n\n### 24 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: 24 November\")\\]\n\nSouth Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO,[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) based on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November.[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-10)\n\n### 25 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: 25 November\")\\]\n\nThe variation first comes to public notice[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-11) at a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Africa \"South Africa\"). [Richard Lessells](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Richard_Lessells&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Richard Lessells (page does not exist)\"), an infectious-diseases physician at the [University of KwaZulu-Natal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal \"University of KwaZulu-Natal\"),[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-12) remarked that \"There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic.\" Professor [Penny Moore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Penny_Moore_\\(virologist\\) \"Penny Moore (virologist)\"), a [virologist](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virology \"Virology\") at the [University of the Witwatersrand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_the_Witwatersrand \"University of the Witwatersrand\")[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-13) said of the pace of this research that \"we're flying at warp speed\".[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7) At this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-14)\n\n### 26 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=8 \"Edit section: 26 November\")\\]\n\nOn 26 November at an emergency meeting in [Geneva](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva \"Geneva\"), Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated [PANGO lineage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PANGOLIN \"PANGOLIN\") B.1.1.529 a [variant of concern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variant_of_concern \"Variant of concern\") (VOC) and gave it the designation [Omicron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omicron \"Omicron\") (skipping [Nu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nu_\\(letter\\) \"Nu (letter)\") and [Xi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xi_\\(letter\\) \"Xi (letter)\"), the next letters in the [Greek alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_alphabet \"Greek alphabet\") in keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the [Delta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delta_\\(letter\\) \"Delta (letter)\") variant).[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-15)[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-16)[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-17) At this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana,[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-18) England,[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-19) Hong Kong,[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-20) Italy,[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-21) Israel,[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-22) and Belgium,[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-23) and 2 probable cases in Germany[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-24) and 1 in Czech Republic.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-25)[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-26)\n\n### 27 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=9 \"Edit section: 27 November\")\\]\n\nThe first two cases in the [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\") are announced. Additionally it was announced via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\") that Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m. [GMT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GMT \"GMT\")[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-27) genomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-28) Furthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its \"at risk\" list along with other countries with cases.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-29)\n\n### 28 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=10 \"Edit section: 28 November\")\\]\n\nTwo [Danish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denmark \"Denmark\") returnees from South Africa test positive,[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-30) and another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in [Ottawa, Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottawa,_Canada \"Ottawa, Canada\"). A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-31) Israel bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-32) [\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-33)\n\nThe first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-34) from South Africa to [The Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Netherlands \"The Netherlands\") on November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-35)[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-36) Five additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-37)\n\nTwo cases were detected in [Sydney, Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sydney,_Australia \"Sydney, Australia\"). Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via [Doha, Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doha,_Qatar \"Doha, Qatar\"). The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate.[\\[38\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NSW-28Nov-38)\n\nSouth African President [Cyril Ramaphosa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyril_Ramaphosa \"Cyril Ramaphosa\") addressed the Nation at 20:00 [SAST](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SAST \"SAST\").[\\[39\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-39)[\\[40\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-40) He highlighted a few key points in his address.[\\[41\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-41) Firstly he explained the arrival of the new [Omicron variant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omicron_variant \"Omicron variant\") and stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant.[\\[42\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-42) He called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure \"is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant\".[\\[43\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-43)[\\[44\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-44) Secondly, he called for the country to [vaccinate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa \"COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa\").[\\[45\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-45) Finally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering.[\\[46\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-46) A further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed.[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-48)\n\nThe affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'.[\\[49\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-49)\n\n### 29 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=11 \"Edit section: 29 November\")\\]\n\nAustralia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from [Johannesburg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johannesburg \"Johannesburg\"). He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the [Howard Springs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Howard_Springs,_Northern_Territory \"Howard Springs, Northern Territory\") quarantine facility in the [Northern Territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Territory \"Northern Territory\").[\\[50\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NT-29Nov-50) The first six cases are identified in [Scotland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scotland \"Scotland\") (bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the [Lanarkshire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lanarkshire,_Scotland \"Lanarkshire, Scotland\") area and two in Greater [Glasgow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glasgow,_Scotland \"Glasgow, Scotland\") and Clyde area.[\\[51\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-51) Spain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa.[\\[52\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-52) [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/India \"India\") announces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the [aegis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aegis \"Aegis\") of [COVAX](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVAX \"COVAX\")) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations.[\\[53\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-53) At a special session of the [World Health Assembly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Assembly \"World Health Assembly\") WHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk.[\\[54\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-54)\n\n### 30 November\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=12 \"Edit section: 30 November\")\\]\n\n[Ecuador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador \"Ecuador\") and [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan \"Japan\") impose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does [France](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France \"France\") (on the Indian Ocean island of [Réunion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9union \"Réunion\")). [China's leader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramount_leader \"Paramount leader\") [Xi Jinping](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xi_Jinping \"Xi Jinping\") pledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa).[\\[55\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-55) In [the Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands \"Netherlands\"), two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November.[\\[56\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-56)\n\n## December 2021\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=13 \"Edit section: December 2021\")\\]\n\n### 1 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=14 \"Edit section: 1 December\")\\]\n\n- [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States \"United States\"),[\\[57\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-57) Saudi Arabia,[\\[58\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-58) [Ghana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghana \"Ghana\"), [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Korea \"South Korea\"), [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway \"Norway\") and [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria \"Nigeria\") announce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel,[\\[59\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-59)[\\[60\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-60) and more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions.[\\[61\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-61)\n- Ireland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission.[\\[62\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-62)\n- The [Israeli Ministry of Health](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ministry_of_Health_\\(Israel\\) \"Ministry of Health (Israel)\") has confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's [ExCeL London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ExCeL_London \"ExCeL London\") in late November 2021.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-64)\n\n### 2 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=15 \"Edit section: 2 December\")\\]\n\n[United Arab Emirates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Arab_Emirates \"United Arab Emirates\") announces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain.[\\[65\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-65)\n\nA case is found in the greater [Paris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris \"Paris\"), France region, reports [BFM TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BFM_TV \"BFM TV\"); the infected person had recently returned from [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria \"Nigeria\").[\\[66\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-66) This is the first case in mainland France.[\\[67\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-67) Iceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad;[\\[68\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-68) Greece announces its first case (in [Crete](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crete \"Crete\")), an individual who had traveled to South Africa.[\\[69\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-69) Finland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group.[\\[70\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-70)\n\nSingapore preliminarily reports its first two cases.[\\[71\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-71) The US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an [anime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anime \"Anime\") convention in New York City, [Anime NYC 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anime_NYC \"Anime NYC\"); vaccination had been required for attendance.[\\[72\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-72) The event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a [superspreader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader \"Superspreader\") event.[\\[73\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-73)[\\[74\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-74)[\\[75\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-75)\n\n### 3 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=16 \"Edit section: 3 December\")\\]\n\nMalaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university.[\\[76\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-76) There are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history.[\\[77\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-77) Réunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa.[\\[78\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-78) More than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states.[\\[79\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-79)\n\n### 4 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=17 \"Edit section: 4 December\")\\]\n\n- The official number of cases in [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Korea \"South Korea\") is now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a [superspreader event](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader_event \"Superspreader event\"). Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge.[\\[80\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-80)\n- Officials in [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway \"Norway\") officially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a [superspreader event](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader_event \"Superspreader event\"), being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected.[\\[81\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-81) Ultimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster.[\\[82\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-82)\n- Israel confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom.[\\[83\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-83)\n\n### 5 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=18 \"Edit section: 5 December\")\\]\n\nEight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each. Nebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast.[\\[84\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-84)\n\n### 6 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=19 \"Edit section: 6 December\")\\]\n\n[Fiji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiji \"Fiji\") confirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November.[\\[85\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-85)\n\n### 7 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=20 \"Edit section: 7 December\")\\]\n\nThe Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely \"Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa.\" As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date.[\\[86\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-86)\n\n### 8 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=21 \"Edit section: 8 December\")\\]\n\n[Queensland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queensland \"Queensland\"), Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant.[\\[87\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-87)\n\nWHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries.[\\[88\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-88) By this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. \"Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported.\"[\\[89\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-89)\n\n[Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan \"Pakistan\") reports its first suspected case.[\\[90\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90)\n\n### 9 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=22 \"Edit section: 9 December\")\\]\n\nWHO announces that \"Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron.\" Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week.[\\[91\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-91) Cuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique.[\\[92\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-92)\n\n### 10 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=23 \"Edit section: 10 December\")\\]\n\nSingapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-93)\n\n### 11 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=24 \"Edit section: 11 December\")\\]\n\nBangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe.[\\[94\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-94) In the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases.[\\[95\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-95)\n\n### 12 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=25 \"Edit section: 12 December\")\\]\n\n- 64 new cases are reported in [New South Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_South_Wales \"New South Wales\"), Australia.[\\[96\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-96)\n- Israel reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55.[\\[97\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-97)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-98)\n\n### 13 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=26 \"Edit section: 13 December\")\\]\n\nThe first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies;[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-99) the variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK.[\\[100\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-100) China reports its first case (a returnee from overseas),[\\[101\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-101) in [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin \"Tianjin\").[\\[102\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-102) Puerto Rico confirms its first case,[\\[103\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-103) as does Pakistan.[\\[104\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-104)\n\n### 14 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=27 \"Edit section: 14 December\")\\]\n\nFrance reports 130 cases.[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) In England 20 cases are in hospital.[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) Studies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless.[\\[106\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-106)\n\nAlgeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the [Algiers International Airport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Houari_Boumediene_Airport \"Houari Boumediene Airport\").[\\[107\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-107)\n\nIsrael has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases.[\\[108\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-108)\n\n### 15 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=28 \"Edit section: 15 December\")\\]\n\nMainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at [Shanghai International Airport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_International_Airport \"Shanghai International Airport\"). The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-109)\n\n### 16 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=29 \"Edit section: 16 December\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b3\/World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg\/500px-World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg)\n\nOmicron is now extant in all six [WHO regions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WHO_regions \"WHO regions\")[\\[110\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-110)\n\nNew Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December.[\\[111\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-111)\n\nIndonesia confirms its first case.[\\[112\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-112) Malaysia reports its second case,[\\[113\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-113) and Poland its first.[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114)\n\nFifteen people are hospitalized in the UK.[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) The [antibody](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antibody \"Antibody\") treatment [Evusheld](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evusheld \"Evusheld\") produced by [AstraZeneca](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AstraZeneca \"AstraZeneca\") is shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas [Regeneron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Regeneron \"Regeneron\")'s [Ronapreve](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronapreve \"Ronapreve\") therapy proves to be less effective.[\\[115\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-115)\n\nDespite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in [Orange County, Florida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_County,_Florida \"Orange County, Florida\") test nearly 100% for Omicron.[\\[116\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-116) Exactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it.[\\[117\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-117) The [State of Palestine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Palestine \"State of Palestine\") reported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad.[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-118)\n\n### 17 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=30 \"Edit section: 17 December\")\\]\n\nNew Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in [Auckland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auckland \"Auckland\") from [Dubai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dubai \"Dubai\") on 11 December and traveled to a [managed isolation and quarantine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand\") in [Rotorua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rotorua \"Rotorua\") on a bus chartered for international arrivals.[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-119)\n\nIn the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern.[\\[120\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-120) (A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.)[\\[121\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-121) As it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week.[\\[122\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-122)\n\nThe [R number](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R_number \"R number\") for Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr. [Susan Hopkins](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susan_Hopkins \"Susan Hopkins\"), chief medical advisor at the [UK Health Security Agency](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UK_Health_Security_Agency \"UK Health Security Agency\") reported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland.[\\[123\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-123) In Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases,[\\[124\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-124) and in [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Ireland \"Republic of Ireland\") 35%.[\\[125\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-125)\n\n[Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qatar \"Qatar\") reports its first four cases, imported from abroad.[\\[126\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-126)\n\n### 18 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=31 \"Edit section: 18 December\")\\]\n\n- WHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown.[\\[127\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-127)\n- Seven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force.[\\[128\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-128)\n- Israel has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134.[\\[129\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-129)\n- Malaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December.[\\[130\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-130)\n- New Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight.[\\[131\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-131)\n- The [Mayor of London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayor_of_London \"Mayor of London\") [Sadiq Khan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sadiq_Khan \"Sadiq Khan\"), declares a major incident.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-132)[\\[133\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-133)\n- In the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the [Miami-Dade](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miami-Dade \"Miami-Dade\") area (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as \"unprecedented\". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December.[\\[134\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-134)\n\n### 19 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=32 \"Edit section: 19 December\")\\]\n\n- Netherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron.[\\[135\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-135) Iran announces its first case.[\\[136\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-136) The variant is now the dominant strain in [Ontario](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ontario \"Ontario\"), Canada, accounting for 51% of cases.[\\[137\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-137)\n\n### 20 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=33 \"Edit section: 20 December\")\\]\n\n- 12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case.[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138)[\\[139\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-139) Peru reports its first four cases.[\\[140\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-140)\n- Moderna announces that its mRNA-1273[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138) \"half-dose booster\" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses.[\\[141\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-141)[\\[142\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-142)\n- CDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior.[\\[143\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-143) It has now been identified in at least 30 states.[\\[144\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-144)\n- A report by the [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team \"Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team\") based on data from England, found that \"hospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta.\"[\\[145\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-mrc-growth-england-20211220-145)\n\n### 24 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=34 \"Edit section: 24 December\")\\]\n\nAlgeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa.[\\[146\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-146)\n\n### 25 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=35 \"Edit section: 25 December\")\\]\n\nAirlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages. [United Airlines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Airlines \"United Airlines\") cancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and [Deutsche Lufthansa AG](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsche_Lufthansa_AG \"Deutsche Lufthansa AG\")'s robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent.[\\[147\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-147) In the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled.[\\[148\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-148)\n\nPortugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case.[\\[149\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-149) Also, the confirmed first case in [Islamabad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islamabad,_Pakistan \"Islamabad, Pakistan\"), the capital of Pakistan, is reported.[\\[90\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90)\n\n### 26 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=36 \"Edit section: 26 December\")\\]\n\nAlgeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom.[\\[150\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-150)\n\nOmicron is in at least 115 countries.[\\[151\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-151) The first cases are identified in [Gaza Strip](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_Strip \"Gaza Strip\") and [Dominican Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dominican_Republic \"Dominican Republic\").[\\[152\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-152)\n\n### 27 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=37 \"Edit section: 27 December\")\\]\n\nOmicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal.[\\[153\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-153)\n\n### 29 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=38 \"Edit section: 29 December\")\\]\n\n- CDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US.[\\[154\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-154)\n- Thailand identifies its first superspreader event.[\\[155\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-155)\n- New Zealand reports its first community case.[\\[156\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-156)[\\[157\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-157)\n\n### 30 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=39 \"Edit section: 30 December\")\\]\n\nAlgeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians.[\\[158\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-158)\n\nThe second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga.[\\[159\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-159)\n\n### 31 December\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=40 \"Edit section: 31 December\")\\]\n\nStaffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US.[\\[160\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-160) The Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST.[\\[161\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-161)\n\nDr [Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus \"Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus\"), WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that \"Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict\".[\\[162\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162)\n\nThe [UKHSA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UKHSA \"UKHSA\") announced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the [variant of concern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variant_of_concern \"Variant of concern\") had become the dominant strain in England.[\\[163\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-163)\n\n## January 2022\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=41 \"Edit section: January 2022\")\\]\n\n### January 1\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=42 \"Edit section: January 1\")\\]\n\nFrench Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be \"very difficult\".[\\[162\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162)\n\n### January 3\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=43 \"Edit section: January 3\")\\]\n\nSouth Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive [post mortem](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Post_mortem \"Post mortem\") for Omicron.[\\[164\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-164)\n\n### January 4\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=44 \"Edit section: January 4\")\\]\n\nAs per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants.[\\[165\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-165)\n\nUS COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread.[\\[166\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-166)\n\nA news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that \"the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs\", which might make it easier \"to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts\".[\\[167\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-167)\n\n### January 6\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=45 \"Edit section: January 6\")\\]\n\nIndia records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities.[\\[168\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-168)\n\n### January 7\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=46 \"Edit section: January 7\")\\]\n\nWHO announces that Omicron should not be described as \"mild\" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide.[\\[169\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-169) Britain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors.[\\[170\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-170)\n\nAlgeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from [Algiers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algiers_Province \"Algiers Province\"), 06 cases from [Béjaïa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_Province \"Béjaïa Province\"), 01 cases from [Bouïra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bou%C3%AFra_Province \"Bouïra Province\"), 11 cases from [Constantine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantine_Province \"Constantine Province\"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases.[\\[171\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-171)\n\n### January 9\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=47 \"Edit section: January 9\")\\]\n\nMass testing begins in [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin \"Tianjin\"), China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant.[\\[172\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-172)\n\n### January 10\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=48 \"Edit section: January 10\")\\]\n\nPeru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections.[\\[173\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-173)\n\n### January 12\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=49 \"Edit section: January 12\")\\]\n\nWHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant.[\\[174\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-174) In the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant.[\\[175\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-175)\n\n### January 13\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=50 \"Edit section: January 13\")\\]\n\nAlgeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from [Blida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blida_Province \"Blida Province\"), 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from [Hassi Messaoud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hassi_Messaoud \"Hassi Messaoud\") and 1 case in [Aïn Defla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A%C3%AFn_Defla_Province \"Aïn Defla Province\") and [Laghouat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laghouat_Province \"Laghouat Province\"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases.[\\[176\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-176)\n\n### January 14\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=51 \"Edit section: January 14\")\\]\n\nUS reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor, [Anthony Fauci](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthony_Fauci \"Anthony Fauci\"), predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January.[\\[177\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-177)\n\n### January 15\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=52 \"Edit section: January 15\")\\]\n\nBeijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the [Haidian district](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haidian_district \"Haidian district\").[\\[178\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-178)[\\[179\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-179) Authorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations.[\\[180\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-180)\n\n### January 17\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=53 \"Edit section: January 17\")\\]\n\nIn China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada.[\\[181\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-181)[\\[182\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-182)[\\[183\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-183) However, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative.[\\[184\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-184)\n\n### January 19\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=54 \"Edit section: January 19\")\\]\n\nFrance reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases.[\\[185\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-185)\n\n### January 20\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=55 \"Edit section: January 20\")\\]\n\nThe [Pasteur Institute of Algeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasteur_Institute_of_Algeria \"Pasteur Institute of Algeria\") (IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants.[\\[186\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-186)\n\n### January 27\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=56 \"Edit section: January 27\")\\]\n\nNew Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90.[\\[187\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-187)\n\n### January 28\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=57 \"Edit section: January 28\")\\]\n\nNew Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105.[\\[188\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-188)\n\n## February 2022\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=58 \"Edit section: February 2022\")\\]\n\n### 8 February\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=59 \"Edit section: 8 February\")\\]\n\nOmicron is confirmed to be a [zoonotic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoonotic \"Zoonotic\") disease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at [Pennsylvania State University](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pennsylvania_State_University \"Pennsylvania State University\") in [white-tailed deer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-tailed_deer \"White-tailed deer\") in [Staten Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Staten_Island \"Staten Island\"), N.Y.[\\[189\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-189)\n\n### 24 February\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=60 \"Edit section: 24 February\")\\]\n\nThe BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally.[\\[190\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-190)\n\n## October 2022\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=61 \"Edit section: October 2022\")\\]\n\n### 13 October\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=62 \"Edit section: 13 October\")\\]\n\nThe BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples.[\\[191\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-191)\n\n## 2023\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=63 \"Edit section: 2023\")\\]\n\nOn 9 January 2023 the [European CDC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_CDC \"European CDC\") said there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months.[\\[192\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-192)\n\n## 2024 and later\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=64 \"Edit section: 2024 and later\")\\]\n\nThis section is an excerpt from [Variants of SARS-CoV-2 § Sublineages by year](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2#Sublineages_by_year \"Variants of SARS-CoV-2\").\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2&action=edit)\\]\n\n#### 2024\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-1 \"Edit section: 2024\")\\]\n\nLate in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases.[\\[193\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-193) These two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a [phenylalanine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phenylalanine \"Phenylalanine\") (F) to [leucine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leucine \"Leucine\") (L) mutation and an [arginine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arginine \"Arginine\") (R) to [threonine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Threonine \"Threonine\") (T) mutation in the virus's spike protein.[\\[194\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-194) By July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in [New South Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_South_Wales \"New South Wales\") during the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2.[\\[195\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_Conversation_FLiRT2FLuQE-195)\n\nEarly in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany.[\\[196\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-196) XEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases.[\\[197\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-197)\n\n#### 2025\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-2 \"Edit section: 2025\")\\]\n\nLate in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as \"Stratus\")[\\[198\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-198) was discovered in Canada.[\\[199\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-199) XFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named \"Nimbus\", often with extremely sore throat)[\\[200\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-200) with 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases.[\\[201\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-201) In late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\]\n\nOn 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a VOI; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as VUMs. The estimated prevalence for the week ending 7 September 2025 was 68% for XFG (an increase compared to 61% for the week ending 10 August), 20% for NB.1.8.1 (a decrease compared to 24% for the week ending 10 August), and 4% or lower for the other four variants.[\\[202\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_WHODashboard_20250914-202) In late September, the [ECDC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control \"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\") listed no VOCs, and listed BA.2.86 as a VOI, and NB.1.8.1 and XFG as VUMs.[\\[203\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_ECDC_variants_concern_20250926-203)\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=65 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-1)\n   [\"Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern\"](https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\\(b.1.1.529\\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). *who.int*.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-walls_2020_2-0)**\n   Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D (April 2020). 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Retrieved 1 December 2021.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-10)**\n    Vaughan A (27 November 2021). [\"Omicron: How dangerous is the new variant first found in South Africa?\"](https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2299194-omicron-how-dangerous-is-the-new-variant-first-found-in-south-africa\/). NewScientist. Retrieved 1 December 2021.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-11)**\n    [\"New Covid variant: How worried should we be?\"](https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/health-59418127). *[BBC News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC_News \"BBC News\")*. 25 November 2021. 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Retrieved 14 December 2021.\n13. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-13)**\n    [\"Penny Moore\"](https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/penny-moore-209049). *The Conversation*. 26 November 2015.\n14. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-14)**\n    [\"87 Omicron COVID-19 Variant of Concern Cases Confirmed\"](https:\/\/www.precisionvaccinations.com\/87-omicron-covid-19-variant-concern-cases-confirmed). *precisionvaccinations.com*.\n15. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-15)**\n    [\"Fact Check-WHO skipped letters of Greek alphabet while naming COVID-19 variant Omicron\"](https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/factcheck-variants-alphabet-idUSL1N2SI07K). *Reuters*. November 27, 2021.\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-16)**\n    [World Health Organization (WHO) \\[@WHO\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Organization_\\(WHO\\) \"World Health Organization (WHO)\") (26 November 2021). [\"The Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution met today to review what is known about the \\#COVID19 variant B.1.1.529. They advised WHO that it should be designated a Variant of Concern. WHO has named it Omicron, in line with naming protocols https:\/\/t.co\/bSbVas9yds https:\/\/t.co\/Gev1zIt1Ek\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/WHO\/status\/1464295764809637898) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211128034548\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/who\/status\/1464295764809637898) from the original on 28 November 2021. 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Retrieved 26 November 2021.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-18)**\n    [\"GISAID - hCov19 Variants\"](https:\/\/www.gisaid.org\/hcov19-variants\/). *gisaid.org*.\n19. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-19)**\n    [Javid, Sajid \\[@sajidjavid\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sajid_Javid \"Sajid Javid\") (27 November 2021). [\"We have been made aware by @UKHSA of two UK cases of the Omicron variant. The two cases are linked and there is a connection with travel to southern Africa. These individuals are self-isolating with their households while further testing and contact tracing is underway\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/sajidjavid\/status\/1464594748795146240) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211128050211\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/sajidjavid\/status\/1464594748795146240) from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\").\n20. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-20)**\n    [\"CHP investigates six additional confirmed cases of COVID-19 and provides update on latest investigations on imported cases 12388 and 12404\"](https:\/\/www.info.gov.hk\/gia\/general\/202111\/25\/P2021112500379.htm). *info.gov.hk*.\n21. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-21)**\n    [\"Covid, un caso di variante Omicron in Campania: isolati tutti i contatti\"](https:\/\/napoli.repubblica.it\/cronaca\/2021\/11\/27\/news\/covid_un_caso_sospetto_di_variante_omicron_in_campania_isolati_tutti_i_contatti-328069867\/). *la Repubblica*. November 27, 2021.\n22. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-22)**\n    [\"קורונה - משרד הבריאות\"](https:\/\/t.me\/MOHreport). *Telegram*.\n23. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-23)**\n    [\"Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Belgium (Situation update – 26 of November 2021)\"](https:\/\/assets.uzleuven.be\/files\/2021-11\/genomic_surveillance_update_211126.pdf) (PDF). 26 November 2021. 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Výsledek jejího testu očekáváme, je teď v izolaci a trasují se všechny kontakty\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/AndrejBabis\/status\/1464550206280806404) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")) (in Czech). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211127133727\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/AndrejBabis\/status\/1464550206280806404) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\").\n26. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-26)**\n    [\"Tracking COVID-19 variant Omicron\"](https:\/\/bnonews.com\/index.php\/2021\/11\/omicron-tracker\/). *BNO News*. November 26, 2021.\n27. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-27)**\n    Goillandeau M (27 November 2021). [\"2 cases of Omicron variant detected in the UK, health secretary says\"](https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/world\/live-news\/new-covid-variant-south-africa-11-27-21\/h_afce3d0977ea4c59ce791f1af08b57ce). *[CNN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN \"CNN\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211128161718\/https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/world\/live-news\/new-covid-variant-south-africa-11-27-21\/h_afce3d0977ea4c59ce791f1af08b57ce) from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.\n28. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-28)**\n    [\"Boris Johnson tightens rules on travel and mask-wearing over Omicron concerns\"](https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/nov\/27\/boris-johnson-tightens-rules-on-travel-and-mask-wearing-over-omicron-concerns). *The Guardian*. November 27, 2021.\n29. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-29)**\n    Swiss Embassy UK \\[@SwissEmbassyUK\\] (27 November 2021). [\"UPDATE - The UK has been added to Switzerland's risk country list. When boarding a plane and entering Switzerland, all persons travelling from the UK must present a negative COVID-19 test and quarantine for 10 days. Further information will follow on https:\/\/t.co\/2BBu56C1mp https:\/\/t.co\/x7i42O9vAU\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/SwissEmbassyUK\/status\/1464650292323049472) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211127211337\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/swissembassyuk\/status\/1464650292323049472) from the original on 27 November 2021. 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Dutch government warns there will likely be more. https:\/\/t.co\/K6XSGcnn9h https:\/\/t.co\/CjMFccNmwT\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/DrEricDing\/status\/1464938133649346561) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")). Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\").\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Covid: 13 test positive for Omicron after S Africa-Netherlands flights\"](https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-59451103). *BBC News*. November 28, 2021.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Actuele informatie over COVID-19 \\| RIVM\"](https:\/\/www.rivm.nl\/coronavirus-covid-19\/actueel). *rivm.nl* (in Dutch). 4 December 2021. 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2025*](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250930144754\/https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/covid-19\/variants-concern), [European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control \"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\"), 26 September 2025, [Wikidata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WDQ_\\(identifier\\) \"WDQ (identifier)\") [Q136406441](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q136406441 \"d:Q136406441\"), archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/covid-19\/variants-concern) on 30 September 2025\n\n[Portals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals \"Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals\"):\n\n- ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/af\/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg\/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png) [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:South_Africa \"Portal:South Africa\")\n- [![virus icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4d\/SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg\/20px-SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:SARS-CoV-2_\\(Wikimedia_colors\\).svg) [COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:COVID-19 \"Portal:COVID-19\")\n- ![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/WHO_Rod.svg\/20px-WHO_Rod.svg.png) [Medicine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Medicine \"Portal:Medicine\")\n- [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2f\/Sida-aids.png\/20px-Sida-aids.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sida-aids.png) [Viruses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Viruses \"Portal:Viruses\")\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic \"Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic \"Special:EditPage\/Template:COVID-19 pandemic\")[COVID-19 pandemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| **[COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19 \"COVID-19\")** (disease) **[SARS-CoV-2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2 \"SARS-CoV-2\")** (virus) |   |\n| [Timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Pre-pandemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandemic_predictions_and_preparations_prior_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Pandemic predictions and preparations prior to the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Severe acute respiratory syndrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS \"SARS\") (SARS) [Middle East respiratory syndrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MERS \"MERS\") (MERS) [Crimson Contagion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimson_Contagion \"Crimson Contagion\") [Disease X](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Disease_X \"Disease X\") [Exercise Cygnus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exercise_Cygnus \"Exercise Cygnus\") [2019](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019\") |\n| 2020 | [January](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020\") [February](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020\") [March](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020\") [April](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020\") [May](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020\") [June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020\") [July](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020\") [August](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020\") [September](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020\") [October](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020\") [November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020\") [December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020\") |\n| 2021 | [January](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021\") [February](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021\") [March](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021\") [April](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021\") [May](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021\") [June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021\") [July](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021\") [August](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021\") [September](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021\") [October](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021\") [November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021\") [December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021\") |\n| 2022 | [January](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022\") [February](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022\") [March](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022\") [April](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022\") [May](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022\") [June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022\") [July](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022\") [August](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022\") [September](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022\") [October](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 \"Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022\") [November](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2022\") [December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2022 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2022\") |\n| 2023 | [Timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2023 \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2023\") |\n| [Locations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_by_country_and_territory \"COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Africa\")([national responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa \"National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa\")) |   |\n|   |   |\n| Northern | [Algeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Algeria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria\") [Canary Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands\") [Ceuta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta\") [Egypt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt \"COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt\") [Libya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Libya \"COVID-19 pandemic in Libya\") [Mauritania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritania\") [Melilla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla \"COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla\") [Morocco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Morocco \"COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco\") [Sudan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sudan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan\") [Tunisia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tunisia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia\") [Western Sahara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Sahara \"COVID-19 pandemic in Western Sahara\") [Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic\") |\n| Eastern | [Burundi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burundi \"COVID-19 pandemic in Burundi\") [Comoros](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Comoros \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Comoros\") [Djibouti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Djibouti \"COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti\") [Eritrea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eritrea \"COVID-19 pandemic in Eritrea\") [Ethiopia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ethiopia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia\") [Kenya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kenya \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya\") [Madagascar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madagascar \"COVID-19 pandemic in Madagascar\") [Mauritius](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritius \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritius\") [Mayotte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte\") [Réunion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union \"COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion\") [Rwanda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rwanda \"COVID-19 pandemic in Rwanda\") [Seychelles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Seychelles \"COVID-19 pandemic in Seychelles\") [Somalia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somalia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia\") [Puntland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puntland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Puntland\") [Somaliland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somaliland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Somaliland\") [South Sudan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Sudan \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Sudan\") [Tanzania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tanzania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania\") [Uganda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uganda \"COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda\") |\n| Southern | [Angola](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Angola \"COVID-19 pandemic in Angola\") [Botswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Botswana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Botswana\") [Eswatini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eswatini \"COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini\") [Lesotho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lesotho \"COVID-19 pandemic in Lesotho\") [Malawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malawi \"COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi\") [Mozambique](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mozambique \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique\") [Namibia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Namibia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Namibia\") [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Africa \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa\") [list of deaths](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_COVID-19_deaths_in_South_Africa \"List of COVID-19 deaths in South Africa\") [Zambia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zambia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia\") [Zimbabwe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zimbabwe \"COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe\") |\n| Central | [Cameroon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cameroon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cameroon\") [Central African Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Central_African_Republic \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Central African Republic\") [Chad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chad \"COVID-19 pandemic in Chad\") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo\") [Republic of the Congo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of the Congo\") [Gabon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gabon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon\") [São Tomé and Príncipe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe \"COVID-19 pandemic in São Tomé and Príncipe\") |\n| Western | [Benin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Benin \"COVID-19 pandemic in Benin\") [Burkina Faso](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burkina_Faso \"COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso\") [Cape Verde](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cape_Verde \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cape Verde\") [Equatorial Guinea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Equatorial_Guinea \"COVID-19 pandemic in Equatorial Guinea\") [Gambia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Gambia \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Gambia\") [Ghana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana\") timeline 2020 [March–July](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\\(March%E2%80%93July_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (March–July 2020)\") [August–December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\\(August%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (August–December 2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (2021)\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghanaian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Ghanaian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") impact [education](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana\") [Guinea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea\") [Guinea-Bissau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea-Bissau \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau\") [Ivory Coast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ivory_Coast \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast\") [Liberia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liberia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Liberia\") [Mali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mali \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mali\") [Niger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niger \"COVID-19 pandemic in Niger\") [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nigeria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigerian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Nigerian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\") [Senegal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Senegal \"COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal\") [Sierra Leone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sierra_Leone \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone\") [Togo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Togo \"COVID-19 pandemic in Togo\") |\n| [Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Asia\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Central\/North | [Kazakhstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan\") [Kyrgyzstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kyrgyzstan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Russia\") timeline [January–June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)\") [July–December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)\") impact [economic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia\") [social](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia\") [political](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia\") [Tajikistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tajikistan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tajikistan\") [Turkmenistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkmenistan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Turkmenistan\") [Uzbekistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uzbekistan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan\") |\n| East |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Hong Kong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hong_Kong \"COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong\") [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Japan\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan\") [Tokyo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokyo \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo\") [2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_2020_Summer_Paralympics \"COVID-19 cases at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics\") [North Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea \"COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea\") [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Korea \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea\") [Macau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Macau \"COVID-19 pandemic in Macau\") [Mongolia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mongolia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia\") [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Taiwan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan\") [respirator diplomacy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan \"Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan\") |   |\n| [Mainland China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China \"COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China\") | [lockdown](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China \"COVID-19 lockdown in China\") [detail](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China \"COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China\") [Beijing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Beijing \"COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing\") [2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_and_2022_Winter_Paralympics \"COVID-19 cases at the 2022 Winter Olympics and 2022 Winter Paralympics\") [Heilongjiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Heilongjiang \"COVID-19 pandemic in Heilongjiang\") [Henan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Henan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Henan\") [Hubei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hubei \"COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei\") [Inner Mongolia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Inner_Mongolia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Inner Mongolia\") [Liaoning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liaoning \"COVID-19 pandemic in Liaoning\") [Shanghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Shanghai \"COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai\") [2022 outbreak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_Shanghai_COVID-19_outbreak \"2022 Shanghai COVID-19 outbreak\") [Sichuan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sichuan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sichuan\") [Tibet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tibet \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tibet\") [Xinjiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Xinjiang \"COVID-19 pandemic in Xinjiang\") |\n| [South](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Afghanistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Afghanistan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan\") [Bangladesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh\") [Bhutan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bhutan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bhutan\") [Maldives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maldives \"COVID-19 pandemic in Maldives\") [Nepal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nepal \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal\") [Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan\") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Pakistan \"2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Pakistan\") [Sri Lanka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sri_Lanka \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka\") |   |\n| [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India \"COVID-19 pandemic in India\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [economic impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India\") [lockdown](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India \"COVID-19 lockdown in India\") [migrant workers' crisis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in India\") timeline 2020 [January–May](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\\(January%E2%80%93May_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (January–May 2020)\") [June–December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\\(June%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (June–December 2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (2021)\") [union government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Indian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [PM CARES Fund](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PM_CARES_Fund \"PM CARES Fund\") [state government responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_state_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Indian state government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India \"COVID-19 vaccination in India\") [Vaccine Maitri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccine_Maitri \"Vaccine Maitri\") |   |\n| By location | [Andaman and Nicobar Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands\") [Andhra Pradesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andhra_Pradesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra Pradesh\") [Arunachal Pradesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arunachal_Pradesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Arunachal Pradesh\") [Assam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Assam \"COVID-19 pandemic in Assam\") [Bihar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bihar \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar\") [Chandigarh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chandigarh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Chandigarh\") [Chhattisgarh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chhattisgarh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Chhattisgarh\") [Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu \"COVID-19 pandemic in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu\") [Delhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delhi \"COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi\") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Delhi \"2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Delhi\") [Goa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Goa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Goa\") [Gujarat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gujarat \"COVID-19 pandemic in Gujarat\") [Haryana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haryana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Haryana\") [Himachal Pradesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Himachal_Pradesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Himachal Pradesh\") [Jammu and Kashmir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir \"COVID-19 pandemic in Jammu and Kashmir\") [Jharkhand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jharkhand \"COVID-19 pandemic in Jharkhand\") [Karnataka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Karnataka \"COVID-19 pandemic in Karnataka\") [Kerala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala\") [Ladakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ladakh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ladakh\") [Lakshadweep](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lakshadweep \"COVID-19 pandemic in Lakshadweep\") [Madhya Pradesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madhya_Pradesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Madhya Pradesh\") [Maharashtra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maharashtra \"COVID-19 pandemic in Maharashtra\") [Manipur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manipur \"COVID-19 pandemic in Manipur\") [Meghalaya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Meghalaya \"COVID-19 pandemic in Meghalaya\") [Mizoram](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mizoram \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mizoram\") [Nagaland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nagaland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nagaland\") [Odisha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Odisha \"COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha\") [Puducherry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puducherry \"COVID-19 pandemic in Puducherry\") [Punjab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Punjab,_India \"COVID-19 pandemic in Punjab, India\") [Rajasthan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rajasthan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Rajasthan\") [Sikkim](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sikkim \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sikkim\") [Tamil Nadu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tamil_Nadu \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu\") [Telangana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Telangana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Telangana\") [Tripura](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tripura \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tripura\") [Uttar Pradesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttar_Pradesh \"COVID-19 pandemic in Uttar Pradesh\") [Uttarakhand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttarakhand \"COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand\") [West Bengal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Bengal \"COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal\") |\n| [Southeast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Southeast_Asia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Brunei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brunei \"COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei\") [Cambodia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cambodia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cambodia\") [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia\") timeline [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia (2021)\") [social restrictions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions \"Indonesia large-scale social restrictions\") [Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Community_Activities_Restrictions_Enforcement \"Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement\") [Laos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Laos \"COVID-19 pandemic in Laos\") [Myanmar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Myanmar \"COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar\") [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore \"COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2022)\") [circuit breaker response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures \"2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore \"COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore\") [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand \"COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand \"COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand\") [Timor-Leste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Timor-Leste \"COVID-19 pandemic in Timor-Leste\") [Vietnam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam \"COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Vietnamese government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n| [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") | impact [social](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") [economic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") [political](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia\") [Aid and relief efforts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aid_and_relief_efforts_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Aid and relief efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") [movement control order](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysian_movement_control_order \"Malaysian movement control order\") [Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Malaysia \"2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2022)\") [2023](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\\(2023\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2023)\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") [Johor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Johor \"COVID-19 pandemic in Johor\") [Kuala Lumpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuala_Lumpur \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kuala Lumpur\") [Sabah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sabah \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah\") [Sarawak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak\") [Selangor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Selangor \"COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor\") |\n| [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines\") | timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2022)\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [community quarantines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines \"COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines\") [Luzon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon \"Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon\") [evacuations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evacuations_by_the_Philippines_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Evacuations by the Philippines related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines\") [Bangsamoro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangsamoro \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro\") [Bicol Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bicol_Region \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Bicol Region\") [Cagayan Valley](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cagayan_Valley \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cagayan Valley\") [Calabarzon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Calabarzon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Calabarzon\") [Caraga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Caraga \"COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga\") [Central Luzon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Luzon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Central Luzon\") [Central Visayas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Visayas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Central Visayas\") [Cordillera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cordillera_Administrative_Region \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Cordillera Administrative Region\") [Davao Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Davao_Region \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Davao Region\") [Eastern Visayas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eastern_Visayas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Visayas\") [Ilocos Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Ilocos_Region \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Ilocos Region\") [Metro Manila](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Metro_Manila \"COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila\") [Mimaropa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mimaropa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mimaropa\") [Northern Mindanao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Mindanao \"COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Mindanao\") [Soccsksargen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Soccsksargen \"COVID-19 pandemic in Soccsksargen\") [Western Visayas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Visayas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Western Visayas\") [Zamboanga Peninsula](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zamboanga_Peninsula \"COVID-19 pandemic in Zamboanga Peninsula\") [Overseas Filipinos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overseas_Filipinos_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Overseas Filipinos during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| West | [Armenia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Armenia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia\") [Azerbaijan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Azerbaijan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan\") [Artsakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Artsakh \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Artsakh\") [Bahrain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bahrain \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bahrain\") [Cyprus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus\") [Northern Cyprus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus \"COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus\") [Egypt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt \"COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt\") [Georgia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\\(country\\) \"COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (country)\") [Abkhazia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Abkhazia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Abkhazia\") [South Ossetia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Ossetia \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Ossetia\") [Iran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iran \"COVID-19 pandemic in Iran\") [Iraq](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iraq \"COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq\") [Kurdistan Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Kurdistan_Region \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Kurdistan Region\") [Israel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Israel \"COVID-19 pandemic in Israel\") [Jordan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jordan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan\") [Kuwait](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuwait \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait\") [Lebanon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lebanon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon\") [Oman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oman \"COVID-19 pandemic in Oman\") [Palestine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_State_of_Palestine \"COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine\") [Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Qatar \"COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar\") [Saudi Arabia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saudi_Arabia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_programme_in_Saudi_Arabia \"COVID-19 vaccination programme in Saudi Arabia\") [Syria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Syria\") [Turkey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey \"COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey\") [United Arab Emirates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates\") [Yemen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen \"COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen\") |\n| [Europe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe \"COVID-19 pandemic in Europe\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"History of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\") timeline [January–June 2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2020)\") [July–December 2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2020)\") [January–June 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2021)\") [July–December 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2021)\") [January–June 2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2022)\") [July–December 2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2022)\") [2023](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\\(2023\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (2023)\") [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"United Kingdom responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Broadshare \"Operation Broadshare\") [Operation Rescript](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Rescript \"Operation Rescript\") [contracts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Controversies_regarding_COVID-19_contracts_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Controversies regarding COVID-19 contracts in the United Kingdom\") impact [social](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\") [economic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\") [education](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom\") |   |\n| By location | [England](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England \"COVID-19 pandemic in England\") timeline 2020 [January–June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (January–June 2020)\") [July–December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (July–December 2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2022)\") [London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_London \"COVID-19 pandemic in London\") [local lockdown regulations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_local_lockdown_regulations_in_England \"COVID-19 local lockdown regulations in England\") [first tier regulations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_COVID-19_tier_regulations_in_England \"First COVID-19 tier regulations in England\") [Northern Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2022)\") [Scotland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2022)\") [Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales \"COVID-19 pandemic in Wales\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)\") [Crown Dependencies](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Crown_Dependencies \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Crown Dependencies\") [Isle of Man](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Isle_of_Man \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Isle of Man\") [Jersey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jersey \"COVID-19 pandemic in Jersey\") [Guernsey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guernsey \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guernsey\") [Overseas territories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories \"COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories\") [Akrotiri and Dhekelia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Akrotiri and Dhekelia\") [British Indian Ocean Territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory \"COVID-19 pandemic in the British Indian Ocean Territory\") [Gibraltar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gibraltar \"COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar\") |\n| Eastern | [Belarus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus \"COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2022)\") [Kazakhstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan\") [Moldova](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Moldova \"COVID-19 pandemic in Moldova\") [Gagauzia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gagauzia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Gagauzia\") [Transnistria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Transnistria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Transnistria\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Russia\") timeline [January–June 2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)\") [July–December 2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)\") [government responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Russian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [political impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia\") [Turkey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey \"COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey\") [Ukraine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine\") [Crimea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Crimea \"COVID-19 pandemic in Crimea\") [Sevastopol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sevastopol \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sevastopol\") |\n| Western Balkans | [Albania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Albania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Albania\") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina\") [Kosovo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kosovo \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kosovo\") [Montenegro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montenegro \"COVID-19 pandemic in Montenegro\") [North Macedonia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Macedonia \"COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia\") [Serbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia\") |\n| [European Union](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Austria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Austria\") [Belgium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belgium \"COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium\") [Bulgaria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bulgaria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria\") [Croatia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia\") [Cyprus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus\") [Northern Cyprus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus \"COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus\") [Czech Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Czech_Republic \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic\") [Denmark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Denmark \"COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark\") [Faroe Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Faroe_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Faroe Islands\") [Estonia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Estonia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia\") [Finland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Finland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Finland\") [Åland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_%C3%85land \"COVID-19 pandemic in Åland\") [France](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France \"COVID-19 pandemic in France\") [Guadeloupe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe\") [French Guiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana \"COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana\") [Réunion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union \"COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion\") [Martinique](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique \"COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique\") [Mayotte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte\") [Normandy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Normandy \"COVID-19 pandemic in Normandy\") [Saint Martin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin\") [Germany](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany \"COVID-19 pandemic in Germany\") [North Rhine-Westphalia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Rhine-Westphalia \"COVID-19 pandemic in North Rhine-Westphalia\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Greece](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greece \"COVID-19 pandemic in Greece\") [Hungary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hungary \"COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary\") [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2022)\") [economic impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland\") [social impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland\") [Italy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy \"COVID-19 pandemic in Italy\") [lockdowns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy \"COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy\") [Latvia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Latvia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia\") [Lithuania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lithuania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania\") [Luxembourg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Luxembourg \"COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg\") [Malta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malta \"COVID-19 pandemic in Malta\") [Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Dutch government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Poland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Poland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Poland\") [Portugal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portugal \"COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal\") [Romania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Romania\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania\") [Slovakia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovakia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia\") [Slovenia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovenia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia\") [Spain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain \"COVID-19 pandemic in Spain\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain\") [Asturias](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asturias \"COVID-19 pandemic in Asturias\") [Canary Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands\") [Ceuta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta\") [Community of Madrid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Community_of_Madrid \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Community of Madrid\") [Melilla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla \"COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla\") [Sweden](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sweden \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Swedish government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Operation Gloria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Gloria \"Operation Gloria\") |\n| EFTA countries | [Iceland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iceland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland\") [Liechtenstein](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liechtenstein \"COVID-19 pandemic in Liechtenstein\") [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norway \"COVID-19 pandemic in Norway\") [Svalbard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Svalbard \"COVID-19 pandemic in Svalbard\") [Switzerland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Switzerland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland\") |\n| Microstates | [Andorra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andorra \"COVID-19 pandemic in Andorra\") [Monaco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Monaco \"COVID-19 pandemic in Monaco\") [San Marino](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_San_Marino \"COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino\") [Vatican City](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vatican_City \"COVID-19 pandemic in Vatican City\") |\n| [North America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_America \"COVID-19 pandemic in North America\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Atlantic | [Bermuda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bermuda \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bermuda\") [Greenland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greenland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Greenland\") [Saint Pierre and Miquelon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Pierre and Miquelon\") |\n| Canada | [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada\") [economic impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada\") [federal aid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_aid_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada \"Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada \"COVID-19 vaccination in Canada\") [military response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Laser \"Operation Laser\") [Atlantic Bubble](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlantic_Bubble \"Atlantic Bubble\") [Alberta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta \"COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta\") [British Columbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_British_Columbia \"COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia\") [Manitoba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manitoba \"COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba\") [New Brunswick](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Brunswick \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick\") [Newfoundland and Labrador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador \"COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador\") [Northwest Territories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northwest_Territories \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories\") [Nova Scotia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nova_Scotia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia\") [Nunavut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nunavut \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut\") [Ontario](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2022)\") [Ottawa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ottawa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa\") [Peel Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_Peel \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of Peel\") [Toronto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Toronto \"COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto\") [York Region](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_York \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of York\") [Provincial government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario \"Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario\") [Vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario \"COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario\") [Prince Edward Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Prince_Edward_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island\") [Quebec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec \"COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec\") [Montreal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montreal \"COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal\") [boroughs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boroughs_of_Montreal_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Boroughs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Saskatchewan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan\") [Yukon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yukon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon\") |\n| Caribbean |   |\n|   |   |\n| Countries | [Antigua and Barbuda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda \"COVID-19 pandemic in Antigua and Barbuda\") [Bahamas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bahamas \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas\") [Barbados](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Barbados \"COVID-19 pandemic in Barbados\") [Cuba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cuba \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba\") [Guantanamo Bay Naval Base](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base\") [Dominica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dominica \"COVID-19 pandemic in Dominica\") [Dominican Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Dominican_Republic \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic\") [Grenada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Grenada \"COVID-19 pandemic in Grenada\") [Haiti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti \"COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti\") [Jamaica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jamaica \"COVID-19 pandemic in Jamaica\") [Saint Kitts and Nevis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Kitts and Nevis\") [Saint Lucia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Lucia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Lucia\") [Saint Vincent and the Grenadines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\") [Trinidad and Tobago](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago \"COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago\") |\n| [British Overseas Territories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories \"COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories\") | [Anguilla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Anguilla \"COVID-19 pandemic in Anguilla\") [British Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the British Virgin Islands\") [Cayman Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cayman_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Cayman Islands\") [Montserrat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montserrat \"COVID-19 pandemic in Montserrat\") [Turks and Caicos Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Turks and Caicos Islands\") [response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Broadshare \"Operation Broadshare\") |\n|   |   |\n| [Aruba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Aruba \"COVID-19 pandemic in Aruba\") [Curaçao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cura%C3%A7ao \"COVID-19 pandemic in Curaçao\") [Sint Maarten](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Maarten \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Maarten\") |   |\n| Caribbean Netherlands | [Bonaire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bonaire \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bonaire\") [Saba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saba \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saba\") [Sint Eustatius](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Eustatius \"COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Eustatius\") |\n| French West Indies | [Guadeloupe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe\") [Martinique](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique \"COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique\") [Saint Barthélemy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy \"COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Barthélemy\") [Saint Martin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin\") |\n| US insular areas | [Puerto Rico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico \"COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico\") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands\") |\n| Central America | [Belize](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belize \"COVID-19 pandemic in Belize\") [Costa Rica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Costa_Rica \"COVID-19 pandemic in Costa Rica\") [El Salvador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_El_Salvador \"COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador\") [Guatemala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guatemala \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guatemala\") [Honduras](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Honduras \"COVID-19 pandemic in Honduras\") [Mexico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico\") [vaccination](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico \"COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico\") [Nicaragua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nicaragua \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nicaragua\") [Panama](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Panama \"COVID-19 pandemic in Panama\") |\n| [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Trump administration communication](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic\") timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2021)\") [social impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") [economic impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") [2021 hospital crisis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_hospital_crisis_in_the_U.S._from_COVID-19 \"2021 hospital crisis in the U.S. from COVID-19\") |   |\n| [responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"United States responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [federal government](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [state and local governments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._state_and_local_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [California government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"California government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [New York government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_state_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"New York state government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Texas government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texas_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Texas government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Eastern States Multi-state Council](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eastern_States_Multi-state_Council \"Eastern States Multi-state Council\") [Midwest Governors Regional Pact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Midwest_Governors_Regional_Pact \"Midwest Governors Regional Pact\") [Western States Pact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_States_Pact \"Western States Pact\") |\n| By location | [Alabama](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alabama \"COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama\") [Alaska](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alaska \"COVID-19 pandemic in Alaska\") [American Samoa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa \"COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa\") [Arizona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arizona \"COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona\") [Navajo Nation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Navajo_Nation \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Navajo Nation\") [Arkansas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arkansas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas\") [California](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California \"COVID-19 pandemic in California\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_California \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in California\") [S.F. Bay Area](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area \"COVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area\") [Colorado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colorado \"COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado\") [Connecticut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Connecticut \"COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut\") [Delaware](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delaware \"COVID-19 pandemic in Delaware\") [Florida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Florida \"COVID-19 pandemic in Florida\") [Georgia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\\(U.S._state\\) \"COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)\") [Guam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guam\") [Hawaii](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii \"COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii\") [Idaho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Idaho \"COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho\") [Illinois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Illinois \"COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois\") [Indiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indiana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Indiana\") [Iowa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iowa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa\") [Kansas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kansas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kansas\") [Kentucky](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kentucky \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky\") [Louisiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Louisiana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Louisiana\") [Maine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maine \"COVID-19 pandemic in Maine\") [Maryland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland\") [Massachusetts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts \"COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts\") [Boston](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston \"COVID-19 pandemic in Boston\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston\") [Michigan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Michigan \"COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan\") [Minnesota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Minnesota \"COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota\") [Mississippi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mississippi \"COVID-19 pandemic in Mississippi\") [Missouri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Missouri \"COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri\") [Montana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Montana\") [Nebraska](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nebraska \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nebraska\") [Nevada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada\") [New Hampshire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Hampshire \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire\") [New Jersey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Jersey \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey\") [New Mexico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Mexico \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Mexico\") [New York](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_\\(state\\) \"COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)\") [New York City](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City \"COVID-19 pandemic in New York City\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City\") [North Carolina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Carolina \"COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina\") [North Dakota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Dakota \"COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota\") [Northern Mariana Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands\") [Ohio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ohio \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ohio\") [Columbus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Columbus,_Ohio \"COVID-19 pandemic in Columbus, Ohio\") [Oklahoma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oklahoma \"COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma\") [Oregon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oregon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon\") [Portland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portland,_Oregon \"COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon\") [Pennsylvania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pennsylvania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania\") [Philadelphia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Philadelphia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia\") [Puerto Rico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico \"COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico\") [Rhode Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rhode_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island\") [South Carolina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Carolina \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina\") [South Dakota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Dakota \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Dakota\") [Tennessee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tennessee \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee\") [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Texas\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas\") [Austin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austin,_Texas \"COVID-19 pandemic in Austin, Texas\") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands\") [Utah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Utah \"COVID-19 pandemic in Utah\") [Vermont](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vermont \"COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont\") [Virginia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia\") [Washington](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington_\\(state\\) \"COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)\") [Washington, D.C.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C. \"COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.\") [White House](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak \"White House COVID-19 outbreak\") [West Virginia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Virginia \"COVID-19 pandemic in West Virginia\") [Wisconsin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wisconsin \"COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin\") [Wyoming](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wyoming \"COVID-19 pandemic in Wyoming\") |\n| [Oceania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oceania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [American Samoa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa \"COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa\") [Cook Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cook_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Cook Islands\") [Easter Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island\") [Federated States of Micronesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Federated States of Micronesia\") [Fiji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Fiji \"COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji\") [French Polynesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Polynesia \"COVID-19 pandemic in French Polynesia\") [Guam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guam\") [Hawaii](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii \"COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii\") [Kiribati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kiribati \"COVID-19 pandemic in Kiribati\") [Marshall Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Marshall_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Marshall Islands\") [Nauru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nauru \"COVID-19 pandemic in Nauru\") [New Caledonia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Caledonia \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Caledonia\") [Niue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niue \"COVID-19 pandemic in Niue\") [Northern Mariana Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands\") [Palau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Palau \"COVID-19 pandemic in Palau\") [Papua New Guinea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Papua_New_Guinea \"COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea\") [Bougainville](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Autonomous_Region_of_Bougainville \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville\") [Pitcairn Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Pitcairn Islands\") [Samoa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Samoa \"COVID-19 pandemic in Samoa\") [Solomon Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Solomon_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Solomon Islands\") [Tokelau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokelau \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tokelau\") [Tonga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tonga \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tonga\") [Tuvalu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tuvalu \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tuvalu\") [Vanuatu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vanuatu \"COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu\") [Wallis and Futuna](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wallis_and_Futuna \"COVID-19 pandemic in Wallis and Futuna\") |   |\n| [Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Australia\") | timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2020)\") 2021 [January–June](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)\") [July–December](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (July–December 2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2022)\") [Australian Capital Territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory\") [Christmas Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Christmas_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Christmas Island\") [Cocos (Keeling) Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cocos_\\(Keeling\\)_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands\") [New South Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_South_Wales \"COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales\") [Norfolk Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norfolk_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Norfolk Island\") [Northern Territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Territory \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Territory\") [Queensland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Queensland \"COVID-19 pandemic in Queensland\") [South Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Australia \"COVID-19 pandemic in South Australia\") [Tasmania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tasmania \"COVID-19 pandemic in Tasmania\") [Victoria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Victoria \"COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria\") [Western Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Australia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia\") |\n| [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand\") | timeline [2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\\(2020\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2020)\") [2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\\(2021\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2021)\") [2022](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\\(2022\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2022)\") [2023](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\\(2023\\) \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2023)\") [economic impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand\") [government response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Zealand_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"New Zealand government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Alert levels](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_alert_levels_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 alert levels in New Zealand\") [Traffic light system](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Protection_Framework \"COVID-19 Protection Framework\") [social impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand\") [managed isolation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand\") |\n| [South America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_America \"COVID-19 pandemic in South America\") | [Argentina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina \"COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina\") [human rights](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina\") [Bolivia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bolivia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia\") [Brazil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil \"COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil\") [São Paulo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_\\(state\\) \"COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo (state)\") [Chile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile \"COVID-19 pandemic in Chile\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile\") [Easter Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island \"COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island\") [Colombia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia \"COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia\") [timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia \"Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia\") [Ecuador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ecuador \"COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador\") [Falkland Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Falkland_Islands \"COVID-19 pandemic in the Falkland Islands\") [French Guiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana \"COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana\") [Guyana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guyana \"COVID-19 pandemic in Guyana\") [Paraguay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Paraguay \"COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay\") [Peru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru \"COVID-19 pandemic in Peru\") [statistics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru \"Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru\") [Cusco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cusco \"COVID-19 pandemic in Cusco\") [Suriname](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Suriname \"COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname\") [Uruguay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uruguay \"COVID-19 pandemic in Uruguay\") [Venezuela](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela \"COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela\") |\n| Others | [Antarctica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica \"COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica\") [Cruise ships](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_cruise_ships \"COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships\") [*Diamond Princess*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Diamond_Princess \"COVID-19 pandemic on Diamond Princess\") [*Grand Princess*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Grand_Princess \"COVID-19 pandemic on Grand Princess\") [Naval ships](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_naval_ships \"COVID-19 pandemic on naval ships\") [*Charles de Gaulle*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Charles_de_Gaulle \"COVID-19 pandemic on Charles de Gaulle\") [USS *Theodore Roosevelt*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_on_USS_Theodore_Roosevelt \"COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt\") |\n| [Impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Culture and  entertainment |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Arts and cultural heritage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_arts_and_cultural_heritage \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage\") | [References in popular culture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_popular_culture \"COVID-19 pandemic in popular culture\") [Cinema](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cinema \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema\") [films affected](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_films_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"List of films impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Corona-chan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corona-chan \"Corona-chan\") [Disney](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Walt_Disney_Company \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Walt Disney Company\") [Fashion industry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fashion industry\") [Music industry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_music_industry \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the music industry\") [Performing arts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_performing_arts \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performing arts\") [Television](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television\") [U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States\") [U.S. sports](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_American_sports_broadcasting \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on American sports broadcasting\") [programs affected](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_American_television_series_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"List of American television series impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Video games](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_video_game_industry \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry\") |\n| [Education](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Female education](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_female_education \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female education\") [Homeschooling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Homeschooling_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n| By country | [Ghana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana\") [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the Republic of Ireland\") [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom\") [exam grading controversy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_Kingdom_school_exam_grading_controversy \"2020 United Kingdom school exam grading controversy\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United States\") |\n| [Sports](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Bio-secure bubble](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bio-secure_bubble \"Bio-secure bubble\") |   |\n| By country | [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports in the Republic of Ireland\") [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Philippine_sports \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Philippine sports\") |\n| By sport | [Association football](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_association_football \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football\") [Baseball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_baseball \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on baseball\") [Basketball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_basketball \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on basketball\") [NBA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suspension_of_the_2019%E2%80%9320_NBA_season \"Suspension of the 2019–20 NBA season\") [Combat sports](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_combat_sports \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on combat sports\") [Cricket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cricket \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cricket\") [Disc golf](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_disc_golf \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disc golf\") [Gaelic games](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Gaelic_games \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games\") [Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_gridiron_football \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gridiron football\") [Ice hockey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ice_hockey \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ice hockey\") [Motorsport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_motorsport \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorsport\") [Rugby league](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_rugby_league \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rugby league\") |\n| Society  and rights |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Social impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Social media](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_social_media \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media\") [Stigma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_stigma_associated_with_COVID-19 \"Social stigma associated with COVID-19\") [Children](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_children \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children\") [foster care in the U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_foster_care_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foster care in the United States\") [Pandemic baking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandemic_baking \"Pandemic baking\") |\n| Labor | [Healthcare workers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_healthcare_workers \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers\") [Indian migrant workers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Great Resignation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Resignation \"Great Resignation\") [Strikes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| [Human rights](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_rights_issues_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Human rights issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Argentina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina\") [Myanmar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat \"2021 Myanmar coup d'état\") |\n| Legal | [Abortion in the U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_abortion_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion in the United States\") [Crime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_crime \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime\") [Domestic violence](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_domestic_violence \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence\") [Prisons](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_prisons \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prisons\") [U.S. immigration detention](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_U.S._immigration_detention \"COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. immigration detention\") |\n| Minority | [Gender](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gendered_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Gendered impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") [LGBT community](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_LGBT_community \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the LGBT community\") [African communities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_African_communities \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African communities\") [Indian migrant workers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Indian_migrant_workers \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indian migrant workers\") [Disability community](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_people_with_disabilities \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities\") [Native American communities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Native_American_tribes_and_tribal_communities \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Native American tribes and tribal communities\") [Xenophobia and racism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| [Religion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_religion \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion\") | [Catholic Church](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church\") [Hajj](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Hajj \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hajj\") |\n| [Economic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Charitable activity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charitable_activities_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Charitable activities related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [COVID-19 scams](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_scams \"COVID-19 scams\") [Travel restrictions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Travel_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Travel during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n| By country | [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada\") [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India\") [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland\") [COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Pandemic_Unemployment_Payment \"COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia\") [U.K.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom\") [U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") |\n| By industry | [Aviation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_commercial_air_transport \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air transport\") [Airlines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_airlines_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"List of airlines impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Cannabis industry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_cannabis_industry \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry\") [Food industry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_food_industry \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food industry\") [meat industry in Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada\") [meat industry in the U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States\") [restaurant industry in the U.S.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_restaurant_industry_in_the_United_States \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States\") [Hospitals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_hospitals \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitals\") [ICU capacity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ICU_capacity \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ICU capacity\") [Long-term care facilities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_long-term_care_facilities \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term care facilities\") [Mink farming](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cluster_5 \"Cluster 5\") [Public transport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_public_transport \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport\") [Retail](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail\") [Tourism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_tourism \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism\") |\n| Supply and trade | [Shortages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Chip supply](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%932023_global_chip_shortage \"2020–2023 global chip shortage\") [Energy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021%E2%80%932023_global_energy_crisis \"2021–2023 global energy crisis\") [Global supply chain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021%E2%80%932023_global_supply_chain_crisis \"2021–2023 global supply chain crisis\") [Oil price war](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war \"2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war\") [Food security](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_security_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| [Financial markets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Financial market impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Global stock market crash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_stock_market_crash \"2020 stock market crash\") [COVID-19 recession](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_recession \"COVID-19 recession\") [Inflation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021%E2%80%932022_inflation_surge \"2021–2022 inflation surge\") |\n| Information |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Journalism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_journalism \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on journalism\") [Media coverage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Media_coverage_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Wikipedia's response](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Wikipedia and the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n| [Misinformation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation \"COVID-19 misinformation\") | [Governments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation_by_governments \"COVID-19 misinformation by governments\") [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation_by_China \"COVID-19 misinformation by China\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation_by_the_United_States \"COVID-19 misinformation by the United States\") By country [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation_in_Canada \"COVID-19 misinformation in Canada\") [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_misinformation_in_the_Philippines \"COVID-19 misinformation in the Philippines\") [Ivermectin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ivermectin_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic\") *[Plandemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plandemic \"Plandemic\")* |\n| [Politics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [National responses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Legislation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_COVID-19_pandemic_legislation \"List of COVID-19 pandemic legislation\") [List of political officials who have tested positive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_political_officials_who_have_tested_positive_for_COVID-19 \"List of political officials who have tested positive for COVID-19\") [European Union](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic\") |   |\n| [Political impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in the Republic of Ireland\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia\") |\n| [Protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Abkhazia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Abkhazia_unrest \"2021 Abkhazia unrest\") [Argentina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/17A \"17A\") [Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_Australia \"COVID-19 protests in Australia\") [Convoy to Canberra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convoy_to_Canberra \"Convoy to Canberra\") [Azerbaijan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Azerbaijani_protests \"2020 Azerbaijani protests\") [Belarus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%932021_Belarusian_protests \"2020–2021 Belarusian protests\") [Belgium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_Brussels_protests \"2022 Brussels protests\") [2020 protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Brazilian_protests \"2020 Brazilian protests\") [2021 protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Brazilian_protests \"2021 Brazilian protests\") [Bulgaria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%932021_Bulgarian_protests \"2020–2021 Bulgarian protests\") [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada \"COVID-19 protests in Canada\") [convoy protest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canada_convoy_protest \"Canada convoy protest\") [Chile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2019%E2%80%932022_Chilean_protests \"2019–2022 Chilean protests\") [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_COVID-19_protests_in_China \"2022 COVID-19 protests in China\") [Beijing Sitong Bridge protest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_Beijing_Sitong_Bridge_protest \"2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest\") [healthcare reform protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2023_Chinese_healthcare_reform_protests \"2023 Chinese healthcare reform protests\") [2021 protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Colombian_protests \"2021 Colombian protests\") [2022 protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_Colombian_protests \"2022 Colombian protests\") [Cuba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Cuban_protests \"2021 Cuban protests\") [Yellow vests protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yellow_vests_protests \"Yellow vests protests\") [labor protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_French_labor_protests \"2021 French labor protests\") [French West Indies social unrest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021%E2%80%932022_social_unrest_in_the_French_West_Indies \"2021–2022 social unrest in the French West Indies\") [convoy protest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France_convoy_protest \"France convoy protest\") [Germany](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_Germany \"COVID-19 protests in Germany\") [Idar-Oberstein shooting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Idar-Oberstein_shooting \"2021 Idar-Oberstein shooting\") [Greece](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Greek_protests \"2021 Greek protests\") [Israel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_Israel \"COVID-19 protests in Israel\") [protests against Benjamin Netanyahu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%932021_protests_against_Benjamin_Netanyahu \"2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu\") [Italy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protests_over_COVID-19_policies_in_Italy \"Protests over COVID-19 policies in Italy\") [Mongolia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Mongolian_protests \"2021 Mongolian protests\") [Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_the_Netherlands \"COVID-19 protests in the Netherlands\") [curfew riots](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Dutch_curfew_riots \"2021 Dutch curfew riots\") [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 protests in New Zealand\") [Wellington protest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2022_Wellington_protest \"2022 Wellington protest\") [Paraguay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Paraguayan_protests \"2021 Paraguayan protests\") [Serbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020%E2%80%932022_Serbian_protests \"2020–2022 Serbian protests\") [Tunisia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2021_Tunisian_protests \"2021 Tunisian protests\") [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 protests in the United Kingdom\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 protests in the United States\") [Open the States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_the_States \"Open the States\") |\n| [International relations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_international_relations \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international relations\") | [Aid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Italy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_reactions_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy \"International reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy\") [Moldovan–Romanian collaboration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moldovan%E2%80%93Romanian_collaboration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Moldovan–Romanian collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan \"Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan\") [Vaccine diplomacy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccine_diplomacy \"Vaccine diplomacy\") |\n| [Language](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glossary_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Glossary of the COVID-19 pandemic\") | [Anthropause](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthropause \"Anthropause\") [Doomscrolling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doomscrolling \"Doomscrolling\") [Flattening the curve](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flattening_the_curve \"Flattening the curve\") [Green recovery](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_recovery \"Green recovery\") [Long COVID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_COVID \"Long COVID\") [Social distancing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_distancing \"Social distancing\") [Superspreader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreading_event \"Superspreading event\") [Twindemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twindemic \"Twindemic\") [Zero-COVID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zero-COVID \"Zero-COVID\") [Zoom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoom_\\(software\\) \"Zoom (software)\") [Zoom towns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoom_town \"Zoom town\") |\n| Others | [Animals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_and_animals \"COVID-19 pandemic and animals\") [Cluster 5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cluster_5 \"Cluster 5\") [Environment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_environment \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment\") [Military](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_military \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the military\") [Pregnant women](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_pregnant_women \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women\") [Science and technology](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_science_and_technology \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on science and technology\") |\n| Health issues |   |\n|   |   |\n| Medical topics | [Transmission](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transmission_of_COVID-19 \"Transmission of COVID-19\") [Symptoms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Symptoms_of_COVID-19 \"Symptoms of COVID-19\") [Cancer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_and_cancer \"COVID-19 and cancer\") [Endemic COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endemic_COVID-19 \"Endemic COVID-19\") [Skin manifestations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cutaneous_manifestations_of_COVID-19 \"Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19\") [Long COVID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_COVID \"Long COVID\") [Mental health](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mental_health_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_neurological,_psychological_and_other_mental_health_outcomes \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes\") [Pregnancy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_in_pregnancy \"COVID-19 in pregnancy\") [Non-COVID-19–related health issues](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_other_health_issues \"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on other health issues\") [Shortages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Rehabilitation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rehabilitation_after_COVID-19 \"Rehabilitation after COVID-19\") [Unproven medical methods](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_unproven_methods_against_COVID-19 \"List of unproven methods against COVID-19\") |\n| Testing and epidemiology |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Datasets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_datasets \"COVID-19 datasets\") [Death rates by country](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_death_rates_by_country \"COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country\") [Disease testing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_testing \"COVID-19 testing\") [Breathalyzer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coronavirus_breathalyzer \"Coronavirus breathalyzer\") [Operation Moonshot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Moonshot \"Operation Moonshot\") [Test to Release](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Test_to_Release \"Test to Release\") [UK Rapid Test Consortium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UK_Rapid_Test_Consortium \"UK Rapid Test Consortium\") [AbC-19 rapid antibody test](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AbC-19_rapid_antibody_test \"AbC-19 rapid antibody test\") [investigations into the origins](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Investigations_into_the_origin_of_COVID-19 \"Investigations into the origin of COVID-19\") [lab leak theory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory \"COVID-19 lab leak theory\") [Rapid antigen test](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_rapid_antigen_test \"COVID-19 rapid antigen test\") [Software](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_for_COVID-19_pandemic_mitigation \"Software for COVID-19 pandemic mitigation\") [Surveillance](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_surveillance \"COVID-19 surveillance\") [Undercounting COVID-19 deaths](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Undercounting_of_COVID-19_pandemic_deaths_by_country \"Undercounting of COVID-19 pandemic deaths by country\") |   |\n| [Apps](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_apps \"COVID-19 apps\") | [Aarogya Setu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aarogya_Setu \"Aarogya Setu\") [BlueTrace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BlueTrace \"BlueTrace\") [careFIJI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CareFIJI \"CareFIJI\") [Coronavirus Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coronavirus_Australia \"Coronavirus Australia\") [Corona-Warn-App](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corona-Warn-App \"Corona-Warn-App\") [COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Contact-Confirming_Application \"COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application\") [COVID Alert](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID_Alert \"COVID Alert\") (Canada) [COVIDSafe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVIDSafe \"COVIDSafe\") [COVID Tracker Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID_Tracker_Ireland \"COVID Tracker Ireland\") [Covid Watch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Covid_Watch \"Covid Watch\") [Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Decentralized_Privacy-Preserving_Proximity_Tracing \"Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing\") [Exposure Notification](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exposure_Notification \"Exposure Notification\") [Health Code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Health_Code \"Health Code\") [Healthy Together](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Healthy_Together \"Healthy Together\") [Immuni](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Immuni \"Immuni\") [Koronavilkku](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Koronavilkku \"Koronavilkku\") [LeaveHomeSafe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LeaveHomeSafe \"LeaveHomeSafe\") [MySejahtera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MySejahtera \"MySejahtera\") [NHS COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_COVID-19 \"NHS COVID-19\") [NZ COVID Tracer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NZ_COVID_Tracer \"NZ COVID Tracer\") [NZ Pass Verifier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NZ_Pass_Verifier \"NZ Pass Verifier\") [PathCheck](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PathCheck \"PathCheck\") [PeduliLindungi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PeduliLindungi \"PeduliLindungi\") [SafeEntry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SafeEntry \"SafeEntry\") [SafePass](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SafePass \"SafePass\") [StaySafe.ph](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/StaySafe.ph \"StaySafe.ph\") [SwissCovid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SwissCovid \"SwissCovid\") [TCN Protocol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TCN_Protocol \"TCN Protocol\") [Test, Trace, Protect](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Test,_Trace,_Protect \"Test, Trace, Protect\") [Thai Chana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_Chana \"Thai Chana\") [TousAntiCovid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TousAntiCovid \"TousAntiCovid\") [TraceTogether](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TraceTogether \"TraceTogether\") [Valtrace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valtrace \"Valtrace\") [Zoe Health Study](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoe_Health_Study \"Zoe Health Study\") |\n| Prevention | [Air purifier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Air_purifier \"Air purifier\") ([Corsi–Rosenthal Box](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corsi%E2%80%93Rosenthal_Box \"Corsi–Rosenthal Box\")) [Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chloroquine_and_hydroxychloroquine_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Evacuations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evacuations_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Face masks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Anti-mask sentiment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anti-mask_sentiment \"Anti-mask sentiment\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") [Flattening the curve](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flattening_the_curve \"Flattening the curve\") [Great Barrington Declaration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Barrington_Declaration \"Great Barrington Declaration\") [International aid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Lockdowns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_lockdowns \"COVID-19 lockdowns\") [Public health mitigation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_health_mitigation_of_COVID-19 \"Public health mitigation of COVID-19\") [Safe Hands Challenge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Safe_Hands_Challenge \"Safe Hands Challenge\") [Social distancing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_distancing_measures_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Workplace hazard controls](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Workplace_hazard_controls_for_COVID-19 \"Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19\") [Zero-COVID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zero-COVID \"Zero-COVID\") |\n| [Vaccines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine \"COVID-19 vaccine\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Topics | [Authorizations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations \"List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations\") [Clinical research](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research \"COVID-19 vaccine clinical research\") [Deployment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines \"Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines\") [Development](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_COVID-19_vaccine_development \"History of COVID-19 vaccine development\") [EU Certificate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EU_Digital_COVID_Certificate \"EU Digital COVID Certificate\") [Misinformation and hesitancy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine_misinformation_and_hesitancy \"COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy\") [Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deaths_of_anti-vaccine_advocates_from_COVID-19 \"Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates from COVID-19\") [US](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine_hesitancy_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States\") [Operation Warp Speed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Warp_Speed \"Operation Warp Speed\") (U.S.) [Post-vaccination complications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Embolic_and_thrombotic_events_after_COVID-19_vaccination \"Embolic and thrombotic events after COVID-19 vaccination\") [Vaccine card](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccine_card \"COVID-19 vaccine card\") [Vaccine passports](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| Authorized |   |\n|   |   |\n| [DNA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA_vaccine \"DNA vaccine\") | [ZyCoV-D](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ZyCoV-D \"ZyCoV-D\") |\n| [Inactivated](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inactivated_vaccine \"Inactivated vaccine\") | [Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences_COVID-19_vaccine \"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine\") [CoronaVac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CoronaVac \"CoronaVac\") [Covaxin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Covaxin \"Covaxin\") [COVIran Barekat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVIran_Barekat \"COVIran Barekat\") [CoviVac (Russia)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CoviVac_\\(Russia_COVID-19_vaccine\\) \"CoviVac (Russia COVID-19 vaccine)\") [FAKHRAVAC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FAKHRAVAC \"FAKHRAVAC\") [Minhai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minhai_COVID-19_vaccine \"Minhai COVID-19 vaccine\") [QazCovid-in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/QazCovid-in \"QazCovid-in\") [Sinopharm BIBP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinopharm_BIBP_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine\") [Sinopharm WIBP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinopharm_WIBP_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine\") [Turkovac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkovac \"Turkovac\") [Valneva](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valneva_COVID-19_vaccine \"Valneva COVID-19 vaccine\") |\n| [mRNA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MRNA_vaccine \"MRNA vaccine\") | [Moderna](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine \"Moderna COVID-19 vaccine\") [Pfizer–BioNTech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine \"Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine\") |\n| [Subunit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subunit_vaccine \"Subunit vaccine\") | [Abdala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdala_\\(vaccine\\) \"Abdala (vaccine)\") [Corbevax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corbevax \"Corbevax\") (Bio E COVID-19) [COVAX-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVAX-19 \"COVAX-19\") [EpiVacCorona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EpiVacCorona \"EpiVacCorona\") [IndoVac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IndoVac \"IndoVac\") [MVC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MVC_COVID-19_vaccine \"MVC COVID-19 vaccine\") [Noora](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noora_\\(vaccine\\) \"Noora (vaccine)\") [Novavax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novavax_COVID-19_vaccine \"Novavax COVID-19 vaccine\") [Razi Cov Pars](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Razi_Cov_Pars \"Razi Cov Pars\") [Sinopharm CNBG](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinopharm_CNBG_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine\") [Soberana 02](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soberana_02 \"Soberana 02\") [Soberana Plus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soberana_Plus \"Soberana Plus\") [ZF2001](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ZF2001 \"ZF2001\") (Zifivax) |\n| [Viral vector](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viral_vector_vaccine \"Viral vector vaccine\") | [Convidecia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convidecia \"Convidecia\") [Janssen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine \"Janssen COVID-19 vaccine\") [Oxford–AstraZeneca](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine \"Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine\") [Sputnik V](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine\") [Sputnik Light](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sputnik_Light \"Sputnik Light\") |\n| [Virus-like particles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virus-like_particle \"Virus-like particle\") | [CoVLP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CoVLP \"CoVLP\") |\n| In trials |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Attenuated](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attenuated_vaccine \"Attenuated vaccine\") | [COVI-VAC (United States)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVI-VAC_\\(U.S._COVID-19_vaccine\\) \"COVI-VAC (U.S. COVID-19 vaccine)\") |\n| DNA | [AG0302-COVID‑19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AG0302-COVID%E2%80%9119 \"AG0302-COVID‑19\") [GX-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GX-19 \"GX-19\") [Inovio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inovio_COVID-19_vaccine \"Inovio COVID-19 vaccine\") |\n| Inactivated | [KD-414](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KD-414 \"KD-414\") [NDV-HXP-S](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NDV-HXP-S \"NDV-HXP-S\") |\n| RNA | [ARCT-021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ARCT-021 \"ARCT-021\") [ARCT-154](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ARCT-154 \"ARCT-154\") [Bangavax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangavax \"Bangavax\") [CureVac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CureVac_COVID-19_vaccine \"CureVac COVID-19 vaccine\") (terminated) [HGC019](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HGC019 \"HGC019\") [mRNA-1283](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MRNA-1283 \"MRNA-1283\") [PTX-COVID19-B](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PTX-COVID19-B \"PTX-COVID19-B\") [Sanofi–Translate Bio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanofi%E2%80%93Translate_Bio_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sanofi–Translate Bio COVID-19 vaccine\") (terminated) [Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stemirna_COVID-19_vaccine \"Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine\") [Walvax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walvax_COVID-19_vaccine \"Walvax COVID-19 vaccine\") |\n| Subunit | [202-CoV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/202-CoV \"202-CoV\") [AKS-452](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AKS-452 \"AKS-452\") [EuCorVac-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EuCorVac-19 \"EuCorVac-19\") [IVX-411](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IVX-411 \"IVX-411\") [Nanocovax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanocovax \"Nanocovax\") [ReCOV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ReCOV \"ReCOV\") [Sanofi–GSK](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanofi%E2%80%93GSK_COVID-19_vaccine \"Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine\") [S-268019](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S-268019 \"S-268019\") [SCB-2019](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SCB-2019 \"SCB-2019\") [SCTV01C](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SCTV01C \"SCTV01C\") [Skycovione](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skycovione \"Skycovione\") [UB-612](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UB-612 \"UB-612\") [V-01](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V-01 \"V-01\") [V451](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V451_vaccine \"V451 vaccine\") (terminated) [Vabiotech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vabiotech_COVID-19_vaccine \"Vabiotech COVID-19 vaccine\") [West China Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_China_Hospital_COVID-19_vaccine \"West China Hospital COVID-19 vaccine\") [Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ZF2001 \"ZF2001\") |\n| Viral vector | [AdCLD-CoV19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AdCLD-CoV19 \"AdCLD-CoV19\") [BriLife](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BriLife \"BriLife\") [COH04S1](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COH04S1 \"COH04S1\") [DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT \"DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT\") [GRAd-COV2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GRAd-COV2 \"GRAd-COV2\") [ImmunityBio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ImmunityBio_COVID-19_vaccine \"ImmunityBio COVID-19 vaccine\") [iNCOVACC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INCOVACC \"INCOVACC\") [INNA-051](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INNA-051 \"INNA-051\") [NDV-HXP-S](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NDV-HXP-S \"NDV-HXP-S\") [Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaxart_COVID-19_vaccine \"Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine\") |\n| [Virus-like particles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virus-like_particle \"Virus-like particle\") | [ABNCoV2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABNCoV2 \"ABNCoV2\") [LYB001](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LYB001 \"LYB001\") [MigVax-101](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MigVax-101 \"MigVax-101\") [VBI-2902](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VBI-2902 \"VBI-2902\") |\n| [Deployment by location](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines \"Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Africa \"COVID-19 vaccination in Africa\") | [Algeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Algeria \"COVID-19 vaccination in Algeria\") [Angola](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Angola \"COVID-19 vaccination in Angola\") [Botswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Botswana \"COVID-19 vaccination in Botswana\") [Burkina Faso](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burkina_Faso \"COVID-19 vaccination in Burkina Faso\") [Burundi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burundi \"COVID-19 vaccination in Burundi\") [Cameroon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon \"COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon\") [Cape Verde](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cape_Verde \"COVID-19 vaccination in Cape Verde\") [Cameroon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon \"COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon\") [Chad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Chad \"COVID-19 vaccination in Chad\") [Comoros](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Comoros \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Comoros\") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo\") [Djibouti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Djibouti \"COVID-19 vaccination in Djibouti\") [Egypt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Egypt \"COVID-19 vaccination in Egypt\") [Equatorial Guinea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Equatorial_Guinea \"COVID-19 vaccination in Equatorial Guinea\") [Eswatini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Eswatini \"COVID-19 vaccination in Eswatini\") [Ghana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ghana \"COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana\") [Morocco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Morocco \"COVID-19 vaccination in Morocco\") [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nigeria \"COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria\") [Senegal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Senegal \"COVID-19 vaccination in Senegal\") [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa \"COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa\") [Zimbabwe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Zimbabwe \"COVID-19 vaccination in Zimbabwe\") |\n| Asia | [Bangladesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bangladesh \"COVID-19 vaccination in Bangladesh\") [Bhutan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bhutan \"COVID-19 vaccination in Bhutan\") [Mainland China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China \"COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China\") [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India \"COVID-19 vaccination in India\") [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Indonesia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia\") [Iran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iran \"COVID-19 vaccination in Iran\") [Israel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Israel \"COVID-19 vaccination in Israel\") [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Japan \"COVID-19 vaccination in Japan\") [Kazakhstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Kazakhstan \"COVID-19 vaccination in Kazakhstan\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia\") [Nepal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nepal \"COVID-19 vaccination in Nepal\") [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Russia\") [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore \"COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore\") [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Korea \"COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea\") [Sri Lanka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sri_Lanka \"COVID-19 vaccination in Sri Lanka\") [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Taiwan \"COVID-19 vaccination in Taiwan\") [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand \"COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand\") [Turkey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Turkey \"COVID-19 vaccination in Turkey\") [United Arab Emirates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates \"COVID-19 vaccination in the United Arab Emirates\") [Vietnam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Vietnam \"COVID-19 vaccination in Vietnam\") |\n| Europe | [Albania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Albania \"COVID-19 vaccination in Albania\") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina \"COVID-19 vaccination in Bosnia and Herzegovina\") [Bulgaria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bulgaria \"COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria\") [Croatia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Croatia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Croatia\") [Denmark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Denmark \"COVID-19 vaccination in Denmark\") [France](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_France \"COVID-19 vaccination in France\") [Germany](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Germany \"COVID-19 vaccination in Germany\") [Greece](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Greece \"COVID-19 vaccination in Greece\") [Hungary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Hungary \"COVID-19 vaccination in Hungary\") [Iceland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iceland \"COVID-19 vaccination in Iceland\") [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland \"COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland\") [Italy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Italy \"COVID-19 vaccination in Italy\") [Moldova](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Moldova \"COVID-19 vaccination in Moldova\") [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Norway \"COVID-19 vaccination in Norway\") [Portugal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Portugal \"COVID-19 vaccination in Portugal\") [Romania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Romania \"COVID-19 vaccination in Romania\") [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Russia\") [Spain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Spain \"COVID-19 vaccination in Spain\") [Sweden](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sweden \"COVID-19 vaccination in Sweden\") [Switzerland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Switzerland \"COVID-19 vaccination in Switzerland\") [Ukraine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ukraine \"COVID-19 vaccination in Ukraine\") [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom\") |\n| North America | [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada \"COVID-19 vaccination in Canada\") [Ontario](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario \"COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario\") [Quebec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec \"COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec\") [Haiti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Haiti \"COVID-19 vaccination in Haiti\") [Mexico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico \"COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 vaccination in the United States\") [mandates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the United States\") |\n| Oceania | [Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Australia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Australia\") [Fiji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Fiji \"COVID-19 vaccination in Fiji\") [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 vaccination in New Zealand\") |\n| South America | [Argentina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Argentina \"COVID-19 vaccination in Argentina\") [Brazil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Brazil \"COVID-19 vaccination in Brazil\") [Colombia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Colombia \"COVID-19 vaccination in Colombia\") [Peru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Peru \"COVID-19 vaccination in Peru\") |\n| Others |   |\n| [Treatment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treatment_and_management_of_COVID-19 \"Treatment and management of COVID-19\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Drug development](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_drug_development \"COVID-19 drug development\") [Drug repurposing research](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_drug_repurposing_research \"COVID-19 drug repurposing research\") [Baricitinib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baricitinib \"Baricitinib\") [PANORAMIC trial](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PANORAMIC_trial \"PANORAMIC trial\") (UK) [RECOVERY Trial](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RECOVERY_Trial \"RECOVERY Trial\") (UK) [Solidarity trial](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solidarity_trial \"Solidarity trial\") (WHO) |   |\n| [Monoclonal antibodies](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monoclonal_antibody \"Monoclonal antibody\") | [Bamlanivimab\/etesevimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bamlanivimab\/etesevimab \"Bamlanivimab\/etesevimab\") [Bamlanivimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bamlanivimab \"Bamlanivimab\") Etesevimab [Bebtelovimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bebtelovimab \"Bebtelovimab\") [Casirivimab\/imdevimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Casirivimab\/imdevimab \"Casirivimab\/imdevimab\") [Regdanvimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Regdanvimab \"Regdanvimab\") [Sarilumab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarilumab \"Sarilumab\") [Sotrovimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sotrovimab \"Sotrovimab\") [Tixagevimab\/cilgavimab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tixagevimab\/cilgavimab \"Tixagevimab\/cilgavimab\") [Tocilizumab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tocilizumab \"Tocilizumab\") |\n| [Small molecule antivirals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antiviral_drug \"Antiviral drug\") | [Broad-spectrum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Broad-spectrum_antiviral_drug \"Broad-spectrum antiviral drug\") [Ensitrelvir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ensitrelvir \"Ensitrelvir\") [Molnupiravir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Molnupiravir \"Molnupiravir\") Co-packaged [Nirmatrelvir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nirmatrelvir \"Nirmatrelvir\") [ritonavir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nirmatrelvir\/ritonavir \"Nirmatrelvir\/ritonavir\") |\n| [Variants](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2 \"Variants of SARS-CoV-2\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Specific | [Alpha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Alpha_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant\") [Beta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Beta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant\") [Gamma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Gamma_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant\") [Delta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant\") [Epsilon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Epsilon_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Epsilon variant\") [Zeta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Zeta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant\") [Eta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Eta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Eta variant\") [Theta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Theta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Theta variant\") [Iota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Iota_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant\") [Kappa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Kappa_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Kappa variant\") [Lambda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Lambda_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant\") [Mu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Mu_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant\") [Omicron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\") [timeline]() |\n| General | [Cluster 5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cluster_5 \"Cluster 5\") [Lineage B.1.617](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_lineage_B.1.617 \"SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.617\") [Variant of concern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_variant_of_concern \"SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern\") |\n| Institutions |   |\n|   |   |\n| Hospitals and medical clinics |   |\n|   |   |\n| Mainland China | [Central Hospital of Wuhan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Hospital_of_Wuhan \"Central Hospital of Wuhan\") [Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dabie_Mountain_Regional_Medical_Centre \"Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre\") [Fangcang hospitals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fangcang_hospital \"Fangcang hospital\") [Huoshenshan Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huoshenshan_Hospital \"Huoshenshan Hospital\") [Leishenshan Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leishenshan_Hospital \"Leishenshan Hospital\") [Xinjia Express Hotel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collapse_of_Xinjia_Express_Hotel \"Collapse of Xinjia Express Hotel\") [Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wuhan_Jinyintan_Hospital \"Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital\") |\n| Others | [Hospital ships](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hospital_ships_designated_for_the_COVID-19_pandemic \"Hospital ships designated for the COVID-19 pandemic\") [Garran Surge Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garran_Surge_Centre \"Garran Surge Centre\") (Australia) [Hospital El Salvador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hospital_El_Salvador \"Hospital El Salvador\") [Kemayoran Athletes Village](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kemayoran_Athletes_Village \"Kemayoran Athletes Village\") (Indonesia) [Pyongyang General Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyongyang_General_Hospital \"Pyongyang General Hospital\") (North Korea) [Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysia_Agro_Exposition_Park_Serdang \"Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang\") (Malaysia) [Mega Ligtas COVID Centers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mega_Ligtas_COVID_Centers \"Mega Ligtas COVID Centers\") (Philippines) [Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kandakadu_Treatment_and_Rehabilitation_Centre \"Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre\") (Sri Lanka) [Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sancaktepe_Prof._Dr._Feriha_%C3%96z_Emergency_Hospital \"Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital\") (Turkey) [Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ye%C5%9Filk%C3%B6y_Prof._Dr._Murat_Dilmener_Emergency_Hospital \"Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital\") (Turkey) [COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_hospitals_in_the_United_Kingdom \"COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom\") [Birmingham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Birmingham \"NHS Nightingale Hospital Birmingham\") [London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_London \"NHS Nightingale Hospital London\") [North East](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_East \"NHS Nightingale Hospital North East\") [North West](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_West \"NHS Nightingale Hospital North West\") [Yorkshire and the Humber](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Yorkshire_and_the_Humber \"NHS Nightingale Hospital Yorkshire and the Humber\") [NHS Louisa Jordan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NHS_Louisa_Jordan \"NHS Louisa Jordan\") (Scotland) [Dragon's Heart Hospital](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dragon%27s_Heart_Hospital \"Dragon's Heart Hospital\") (Wales) |\n| Organizations |   |\n|   |   |\n| [National Cabinet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Cabinet_\\(Australia\\) \"National Cabinet (Australia)\") (Australia) [ScienceUpFirst](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ScienceUpFirst \"ScienceUpFirst\") (Canada) [Wuhan Institute of Virology](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wuhan_Institute_of_Virology \"Wuhan Institute of Virology\") (China) [Independent SAGE](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independent_SAGE \"Independent SAGE\") (United Kingdom) |   |\n| Health institutes | [Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention \"Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention\") (African Union) [Ghana Infectious Disease Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghana_Infectious_Disease_Centre \"Ghana Infectious Disease Centre\") (Ghana) [Department of Health (Hong Kong)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_Health_\\(Hong_Kong\\) \"Department of Health (Hong Kong)\") [Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korea_Disease_Control_and_Prevention_Agency \"Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency\") (South Korea) [National Institute for Communicable Diseases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Institute_for_Communicable_Diseases \"National Institute for Communicable Diseases\") (South Africa) [Taiwan Centers for Disease Control](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan_Centers_for_Disease_Control \"Taiwan Centers for Disease Control\") (Taiwan) |\n| Pandemic institutes | [National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_COVID-19_Commission_Advisory_Board \"National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board\") (Australia) [COVID-19 Immunity Task Force](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Immunity_Task_Force \"COVID-19 Immunity Task Force\") (Canada) [COVID-19 Supply Council](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Supply_Council \"COVID-19 Supply Council\") (Canada) [PREPARE](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PREPARE \"PREPARE\") (European Union) [National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Expert_Group_on_Vaccine_Administration_for_COVID-19 \"National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19\") (India) [COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Response_Acceleration_Task_Force \"COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force\") (Indonesia) [National Public Health Emergency Team](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Public_Health_Emergency_Team_\\(2020\\) \"National Public Health Emergency Team (2020)\") (Ireland) [Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Novel_Coronavirus_Expert_Meeting \"Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting\") (Japan) [Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crisis_Preparedness_and_Response_Centre \"Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre\") (Malaysia) [Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee \"Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee\") (Philippines) [Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inter-Agency_Task_Force_for_the_Management_of_Emerging_Infectious_Diseases \"Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases\") (Philippines) [Central Epidemic Command Center](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Epidemic_Command_Center \"Central Epidemic Command Center\") (Taiwan) [Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coronavirus_Scientific_Advisory_Board \"Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board\") (Turkey) [COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Genomics_UK_Consortium \"COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium\") (United Kingdom) [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team \"Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team\") (United Kingdom) [Joint Biosecurity Centre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joint_Biosecurity_Centre \"Joint Biosecurity Centre\") (United Kingdom) [Vaccine Taskforce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccine_Taskforce \"Vaccine Taskforce\") (United Kingdom) [COVID-19 Advisory Board](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_Advisory_Board \"COVID-19 Advisory Board\") (United States) [Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_American_Economic_Revival_Industry_Groups \"Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups\") (United States) [White House Coronavirus Task Force](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force \"White House Coronavirus Task Force\") (United States) [White House COVID-19 Response Team](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House_COVID-19_Response_Team \"White House COVID-19 Response Team\") (United States) [GACH](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GACH \"GACH\") (Uruguay) |\n| Relief funds | [PM CARES Fund](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PM_CARES_Fund \"PM CARES Fund\") (India) [Artist Relief](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artist_Relief \"Artist Relief\") (United States) |\n| People |   |\n|   |   |\n| Medical professionals | [Ai Fen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ai_Fen \"Ai Fen\") [Corona Rintawan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corona_Rintawan \"Corona Rintawan\") [Li Wenliang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Li_Wenliang \"Li Wenliang\") [Liu Wen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liu_Wen_\\(doctor\\) \"Liu Wen (doctor)\") [Xie Linka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xie_Linka \"Xie Linka\") [Zhang Wenhong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhang_Wenhong \"Zhang Wenhong\") |\n| [Researchers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Coronavirus_researchers \"Category:Coronavirus researchers\") | [Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Awang_Bulgiba_Awang_Mahmud \"Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud\") [Roberto Burioni](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roberto_Burioni \"Roberto Burioni\") [Chen Wei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chen_Wei_\\(medical_scientist\\) \"Chen Wei (medical scientist)\") [Kizzmekia Corbett](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kizzmekia_Corbett \"Kizzmekia Corbett\") [Andrea Crisanti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andrea_Crisanti_\\(scientist\\) \"Andrea Crisanti (scientist)\") [Peter Daszak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Daszak \"Peter Daszak\") [Christian Drosten](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christian_Drosten \"Christian Drosten\") [Neil Ferguson](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neil_Ferguson_\\(epidemiologist\\) \"Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)\") [Dale Fisher](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dale_Fisher \"Dale Fisher\") [George F. Gao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_F._Gao \"George F. Gao\") [Azra Ghani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azra_Ghani \"Azra Ghani\") [Sarah Gilbert](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarah_Gilbert \"Sarah Gilbert\") [Guan Yi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guan_Yi \"Guan Yi\") [Kentaro Iwata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kentaro_Iwata \"Kentaro Iwata\") [Katalin Karikó](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3 \"Katalin Karikó\") [Matt Keeling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Keeling \"Matt Keeling\") [Trudie Lang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trudie_Lang \"Trudie Lang\") [Li Lanjuan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Li_Lanjuan \"Li Lanjuan\") [W. Ian Lipkin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W._Ian_Lipkin \"W. Ian Lipkin\") [Ma Xiaowei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ma_Xiaowei \"Ma Xiaowei\") [Shabir Madhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shabir_Madhi \"Shabir Madhi\") [Allison McGeer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allison_McGeer \"Allison McGeer\") [Camilla Rothe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Camilla_Rothe \"Camilla Rothe\") [Shi Zhengli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shi_Zhengli \"Shi Zhengli\") [Moncef Slaoui](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moncef_Slaoui \"Moncef Slaoui\") [Mike Tildesley](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mike_Tildesley \"Mike Tildesley\") [John Todd](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Todd_\\(British_biologist\\) \"John Todd (British biologist)\") [Wang Chen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wang_Chen_\\(physician\\) \"Wang Chen (physician)\") [Wang Guangfa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wang_Guangfa \"Wang Guangfa\") [Drew Weissman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Drew_Weissman \"Drew Weissman\") [Yuen Kwok-yung](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yuen_Kwok-yung \"Yuen Kwok-yung\") [Zeng Guang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeng_Guang \"Zeng Guang\") [Zhang Jixian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhang_Jixian \"Zhang Jixian\") [Zhang Yongzhen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhang_Yongzhen \"Zhang Yongzhen\") [Zhong Nanshan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhong_Nanshan \"Zhong Nanshan\") |\n| Officials |   |\n|   |   |\n| WHO | [Tedros Adhanom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus \"Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus\") (Director-General of the WHO) [Bruce Aylward](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruce_Aylward \"Bruce Aylward\") (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission) [Maria Van Kerkhove](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maria_Van_Kerkhove \"Maria Van Kerkhove\") (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response) [Michael J. Ryan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_J._Ryan_\\(doctor\\) \"Michael J. Ryan (doctor)\") (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme) |\n| By location | [Frank Atherton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frank_Atherton \"Frank Atherton\") (Wales) [Ashley Bloomfield](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ashley_Bloomfield \"Ashley Bloomfield\") (New Zealand) [Catherine Calderwood](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catherine_Calderwood \"Catherine Calderwood\") (Scotland) [Chang Shan-chwen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chang_Shan-chwen \"Chang Shan-chwen\") (Taiwan) [Anutin Charnvirakul](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anutin_Charnvirakul \"Anutin Charnvirakul\") (Thailand) [Chen Shih-chung](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chen_Shih-chung \"Chen Shih-chung\") (Taiwan) [Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuang_Yin-ching \"Chuang Yin-ching\") (Taiwan) [Victor Costache](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Costache \"Victor Costache\") (Romania) [Fabrizio Curcio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fabrizio_Curcio \"Fabrizio Curcio\") (Italy) [Carmen Deseda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carmen_Deseda \"Carmen Deseda\") (Puerto Rico) [Jaap van Dissel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jaap_van_Dissel \"Jaap van Dissel\") (the Netherlands) [Christian Drosten](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christian_Drosten \"Christian Drosten\") (Germany) [Francisco Duque III](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francisco_Duque_III \"Francisco Duque III\") (Philippines) [Anthony Fauci](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthony_Fauci \"Anthony Fauci\") (United States) [Francesco Paolo Figliuolo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francesco_Paolo_Figliuolo \"Francesco Paolo Figliuolo\") (Italy) [Graça Freitas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gra%C3%A7a_Freitas \"Graça Freitas\") (Portugal) [Henrique Gouveia e Melo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henrique_Gouveia_e_Melo \"Henrique Gouveia e Melo\") (Portugal) [Matt Hancock](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Hancock \"Matt Hancock\") (United Kingdom) [Hamad Hasan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamad_Hasan \"Hamad Hasan\") (Lebanon) [Greg Hunt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greg_Hunt \"Greg Hunt\") (Australia) [Tony Holohan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tony_Holohan \"Tony Holohan\") (Ireland) [Jeong Eun-kyeong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeong_Eun-kyeong \"Jeong Eun-kyeong\") (South Korea) [Fahrettin Koca](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fahrettin_Koca \"Fahrettin Koca\") (Turkey) [Li Keqiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Li_Keqiang \"Li Keqiang\") (China) [Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugo_L%C3%B3pez-Gatell_Ram%C3%ADrez \"Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez\") (Mexico) [Michael McBride](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_McBride_\\(doctor\\) \"Michael McBride (doctor)\") (Northern Ireland) [Oriol Mitjà](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oriol_Mitj%C3%A0 \"Oriol Mitjà\") (Andorra) [Zweli Mkhize](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zweli_Mkhize \"Zweli Mkhize\") (South Africa) [Doni Monardo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doni_Monardo \"Doni Monardo\") (Indonesia) [Alma Möller](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alma_M%C3%B6ller \"Alma Möller\") (Iceland) [Saeed Namaki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saeed_Namaki \"Saeed Namaki\") (Iran) [Ala Nemerenco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ala_Nemerenco \"Ala Nemerenco\") (Moldova) [Nguyễn Thanh Long](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Thanh_Long \"Nguyễn Thanh Long\") (Vietnam) [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah \"Noor Hisham Abdullah\") (Malaysia) [Ali Pilli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ali_Pilli \"Ali Pilli\") (Northern Cyprus) [Daniel Salinas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daniel_Salinas \"Daniel Salinas\") (Uruguay) [Jérôme Salomon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Salomon \"Jérôme Salomon\") (France) [Fernando Simón](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fernando_Sim%C3%B3n \"Fernando Simón\") (Spain) [Gregor Smith](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gregor_Smith \"Gregor Smith\") (Scotland) [Su Ih-jen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Su_Ih-jen \"Su Ih-jen\") (Taiwan) [Łukasz Szumowski](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%81ukasz_Szumowski \"Łukasz Szumowski\") (Poland) [Theresa Tam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theresa_Tam \"Theresa Tam\") (Canada) [Anders Tegnell](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anders_Tegnell \"Anders Tegnell\") (Sweden) [Þórólfur Guðnason](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%9E%C3%B3r%C3%B3lfur_Gu%C3%B0nason \"Þórólfur Guðnason\") (Iceland) [Sotiris Tsiodras](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sotiris_Tsiodras \"Sotiris Tsiodras\") (Greece) [Harsh Vardhan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harsh_Vardhan_\\(Delhi_politician\\) \"Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)\") (India) [Víðir Reynisson](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V%C3%AD%C3%B0ir_Reynisson \"Víðir Reynisson\") (Iceland) [Carla Vizzotti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carla_Vizzotti \"Carla Vizzotti\") (Argentina) [Vlad Voiculescu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vlad_Voiculescu \"Vlad Voiculescu\") (Romania) [Chris Whitty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chris_Whitty \"Chris Whitty\") (United Kingdom) [Lawrence Wong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lawrence_Wong \"Lawrence Wong\") (Singapore) [Jeff Zients](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeff_Zients \"Jeff Zients\") (United States) |\n| Others | [Chen Qiushi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chen_Qiushi \"Chen Qiushi\") [Brett Crozier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brett_Crozier \"Brett Crozier\") [Fang Bin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fang_Bin \"Fang Bin\") [Fang Fang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fang_Fang \"Fang Fang\") [Joseph Ashitey Hammond](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joseph_Ashitey_Hammond \"Joseph Ashitey Hammond\") [Li Zehua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Li_Zehua \"Li Zehua\") [Captain Tom Moore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Captain_Tom_Moore \"Captain Tom Moore\") [Qiu Menghuang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qiu_Menghuang \"Qiu Menghuang\") [Ren Zhiqiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ren_Zhiqiang \"Ren Zhiqiang\") |\n| [List of deaths due to COVID-19](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_deaths_due_to_COVID-19 \"List of deaths due to COVID-19\") |   |\n| Data (templates) |   |\n|   |   |\n| Global | WHO situation reports [cases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_cases \"COVID-19 pandemic cases\") [deaths](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_deaths \"COVID-19 pandemic deaths\") [World map by countries: confirmed per capita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\") |\n| Asia | [Afghanistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Afghanistan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Afghanistan medical cases chart\") [Armenia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Armenia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Armenia medical cases chart\") [Artsakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Republic_of_Artsakh_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Republic of Artsakh medical cases chart\") [Azerbaijan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Azerbaijan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Azerbaijan medical cases chart\") [Bahrain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Bahrain_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Bahrain medical cases chart\") [Bangladesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Bangladesh_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Bangladesh medical cases chart\") [by division](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Bangladesh_medical_cases_by_division \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Bangladesh medical cases by division\") [Bhutan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Bhutan_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Bhutan medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Bhutan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Bhutan medical cases chart\") [Brunei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Brunei_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Brunei medical cases chart\") [Cambodia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Cambodia_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Cambodia medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Cambodia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Cambodia medical cases chart\") [summary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Cambodia_medical_cases_summary \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Cambodia medical cases summary\") China [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Mainland_China_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Mainland China medical cases chart\") [confirmed per capita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Mainland_China_medical_cases_map_\\(dots\\) \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Mainland China medical cases map (dots)\") [lockdowns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China\") [by province](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/China_medical_cases_by_province \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/China medical cases by province\") [Hong Kong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Hong_Kong_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Hong Kong medical cases chart\") [Macau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Macau_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Macau medical cases chart\") [Timor-Leste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Timor-Leste_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Timor-Leste medical cases chart\") Egypt [Georgia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Georgia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Georgia medical cases chart\") [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/India_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/India medical cases chart\") [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Indonesia_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Indonesia medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Indonesia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Indonesia medical cases chart\") [Iran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Iran_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Iran medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Iran_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Iran medical cases chart\") [Iraq](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Iraq_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Iraq medical cases chart\") [Israel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Israel_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Israel medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Israel_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Israel medical cases chart\") [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Japan_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Japan medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Japan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Japan medical cases chart\") [Jordan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Jordan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Jordan medical cases chart\") [Kazakhstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Kazakhstan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Kazakhstan medical cases chart\") [Kuwait cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Kuwait_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Kuwait medical cases chart\") [Kyrgyzstan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Kyrgyzstan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Kyrgyzstan medical cases chart\") [Laos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Laos_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Laos medical cases\") [Lebanon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Lebanon_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Lebanon medical cases chart\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Malaysia_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Malaysia medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Malaysia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Malaysia medical cases chart\") [charts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Charts_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Charts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia\") Myanmar [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Myanmar_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Myanmar medical cases chart\") [summary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Myanmar_medical_cases_summary \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Myanmar medical cases summary\") [Nepal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Nepal_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Nepal medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Nepal_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Nepal medical cases chart\") [Oman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Oman_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Oman medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Oman_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Oman medical cases chart\") [Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Pakistan_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Pakistan medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Pakistan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Pakistan medical cases chart\") [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Philippines_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Philippines medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Philippines_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Philippines medical cases chart\") [areas of quarantine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines \"Template:COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines\") [vaccinations chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Philippines_vaccinations_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Philippines vaccinations chart\") [Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Qatar_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Qatar medical cases chart\") [Saudi Arabia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Saudi_Arabia_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Saudi Arabia medical cases chart\") [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Singapore_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Singapore medical cases chart\") [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/South_Korea_medical_cases \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/South Korea medical cases\") [cases chart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/South_Korea_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/South Korea medical cases chart\") [vaccinations charts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:South_Korea_COVID-19_vaccination_charts \"Template:South Korea COVID-19 vaccination charts\") [Sri Lanka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Sri_Lanka_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Sri Lanka medical cases chart\") [Syria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Syria_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Syria medical cases chart\") [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Taiwan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Taiwan medical cases chart\") [vaccination charts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Taiwan_COVID-19_vaccination_charts \"Template:Taiwan COVID-19 vaccination charts\") [Tajikistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data\/Tajikistan_medical_cases_chart \"Template:COVID-19 pandemic data\/Tajikistan medical cases chart\") [Thailand cases 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nTimeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\n\n2 languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant)","attrs_readable_markdown":"This **timeline of the [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant\")** (November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and\/or discovered in retrospect.\n\n[![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking down onto the receptor-binding domain](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png\/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)\n\n[![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking at the side of the protein](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/50\/Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png\/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)\n\nThe extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from [WHO](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WHO \"WHO\");[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) structure from [PDB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protein_Data_Bank \"Protein Data Bank\"): [6VYB](https:\/\/www.rcsb.org\/structure\/6VYB).[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-walls_2020-2)\n\n[South African](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Africa \"South Africa\") scientists begin seeing samples where [PCR tests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PCR_test \"PCR test\") have S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in [Delta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant \"SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant\") which had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in [epidemiology](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epidemiology \"Epidemiology\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-3)\n\nThe first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the *Omicron* variant by the [World Health Organization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Organization \"World Health Organization\") (WHO) is collected in South Africa.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-TG_SAfrica_2Dec-4)[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-5)[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-6)\n\nOther samples of the Omicron variant are collected in [Botswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Botswana \"Botswana\") by South African scientists[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-8) under the aegis of [Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Network_for_Genomic_Surveillance_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa (page does not exist)\") (NGS-SA).\n\nMore than 70 percent of sequenced samples from [Gauteng](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gauteng \"Gauteng\") province in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-9)\n\nSouth Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO,[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) based on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November.[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-10)\n\nThe variation first comes to public notice[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-11) at a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Africa \"South Africa\"). [Richard Lessells](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Richard_Lessells&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Richard Lessells (page does not exist)\"), an infectious-diseases physician at the [University of KwaZulu-Natal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal \"University of KwaZulu-Natal\"),[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-12) remarked that \"There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic.\" Professor [Penny Moore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Penny_Moore_\\(virologist\\) \"Penny Moore (virologist)\"), a [virologist](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virology \"Virology\") at the [University of the Witwatersrand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_the_Witwatersrand \"University of the Witwatersrand\")[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-13) said of the pace of this research that \"we're flying at warp speed\".[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7) At this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-14)\n\nOn 26 November at an emergency meeting in [Geneva](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geneva \"Geneva\"), Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated [PANGO lineage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PANGOLIN \"PANGOLIN\") B.1.1.529 a [variant of concern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variant_of_concern \"Variant of concern\") (VOC) and gave it the designation [Omicron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omicron \"Omicron\") (skipping [Nu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nu_\\(letter\\) \"Nu (letter)\") and [Xi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xi_\\(letter\\) \"Xi (letter)\"), the next letters in the [Greek alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_alphabet \"Greek alphabet\") in keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the [Delta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delta_\\(letter\\) \"Delta (letter)\") variant).[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-15)[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-16)[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-17) At this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana,[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-18) England,[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-19) Hong Kong,[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-20) Italy,[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-21) Israel,[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-22) and Belgium,[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-23) and 2 probable cases in Germany[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-24) and 1 in Czech Republic.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-25)[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-26)\n\nThe first two cases in the [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\") are announced. Additionally it was announced via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\") that Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m. [GMT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GMT \"GMT\")[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-27) genomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-28) Furthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its \"at risk\" list along with other countries with cases.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-29)\n\nTwo [Danish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denmark \"Denmark\") returnees from South Africa test positive,[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-30) and another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in [Ottawa, Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ottawa,_Canada \"Ottawa, Canada\"). A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-31) Israel bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-32) [\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-33)\n\nThe first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-34) from South Africa to [The Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Netherlands \"The Netherlands\") on November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-35)[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-36) Five additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-37)\n\nTwo cases were detected in [Sydney, Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sydney,_Australia \"Sydney, Australia\"). Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via [Doha, Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doha,_Qatar \"Doha, Qatar\"). The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate.[\\[38\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NSW-28Nov-38)\n\nSouth African President [Cyril Ramaphosa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyril_Ramaphosa \"Cyril Ramaphosa\") addressed the Nation at 20:00 [SAST](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SAST \"SAST\").[\\[39\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-39)[\\[40\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-40) He highlighted a few key points in his address.[\\[41\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-41) Firstly he explained the arrival of the new [Omicron variant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omicron_variant \"Omicron variant\") and stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant.[\\[42\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-42) He called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure \"is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant\".[\\[43\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-43)[\\[44\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-44) Secondly, he called for the country to [vaccinate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa \"COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa\").[\\[45\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-45) Finally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering.[\\[46\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-46) A further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed.[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-48)\n\nThe affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'.[\\[49\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-49)\n\nAustralia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from [Johannesburg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johannesburg \"Johannesburg\"). He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the [Howard Springs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Howard_Springs,_Northern_Territory \"Howard Springs, Northern Territory\") quarantine facility in the [Northern Territory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Territory \"Northern Territory\").[\\[50\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NT-29Nov-50) The first six cases are identified in [Scotland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scotland \"Scotland\") (bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the [Lanarkshire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lanarkshire,_Scotland \"Lanarkshire, Scotland\") area and two in Greater [Glasgow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glasgow,_Scotland \"Glasgow, Scotland\") and Clyde area.[\\[51\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-51) Spain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa.[\\[52\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-52) [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/India \"India\") announces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the [aegis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aegis \"Aegis\") of [COVAX](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVAX \"COVAX\")) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations.[\\[53\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-53) At a special session of the [World Health Assembly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Health_Assembly \"World Health Assembly\") WHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk.[\\[54\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-54)\n\n[Ecuador](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecuador \"Ecuador\") and [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japan \"Japan\") impose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does [France](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/France \"France\") (on the Indian Ocean island of [Réunion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9union \"Réunion\")). [China's leader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramount_leader \"Paramount leader\") [Xi Jinping](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xi_Jinping \"Xi Jinping\") pledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa).[\\[55\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-55) In [the Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands \"Netherlands\"), two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November.[\\[56\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-56)\n\n- [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States \"United States\"),[\\[57\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-57) Saudi Arabia,[\\[58\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-58) [Ghana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ghana \"Ghana\"), [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Korea \"South Korea\"), [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway \"Norway\") and [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria \"Nigeria\") announce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel,[\\[59\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-59)[\\[60\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-60) and more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions.[\\[61\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-61)\n- Ireland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission.[\\[62\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-62)\n- The [Israeli Ministry of Health](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ministry_of_Health_\\(Israel\\) \"Ministry of Health (Israel)\") has confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's [ExCeL London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ExCeL_London \"ExCeL London\") in late November 2021.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-64)\n\n[United Arab Emirates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Arab_Emirates \"United Arab Emirates\") announces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain.[\\[65\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-65)\n\nA case is found in the greater [Paris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris \"Paris\"), France region, reports [BFM TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BFM_TV \"BFM TV\"); the infected person had recently returned from [Nigeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nigeria \"Nigeria\").[\\[66\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-66) This is the first case in mainland France.[\\[67\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-67) Iceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad;[\\[68\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-68) Greece announces its first case (in [Crete](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crete \"Crete\")), an individual who had traveled to South Africa.[\\[69\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-69) Finland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group.[\\[70\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-70)\n\nSingapore preliminarily reports its first two cases.[\\[71\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-71) The US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an [anime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anime \"Anime\") convention in New York City, [Anime NYC 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anime_NYC \"Anime NYC\"); vaccination had been required for attendance.[\\[72\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-72) The event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a [superspreader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader \"Superspreader\") event.[\\[73\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-73)[\\[74\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-74)[\\[75\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-75)\n\nMalaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university.[\\[76\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-76) There are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history.[\\[77\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-77) Réunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa.[\\[78\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-78) More than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states.[\\[79\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-79)\n\n- The official number of cases in [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_Korea \"South Korea\") is now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a [superspreader event](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader_event \"Superspreader event\"). Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge.[\\[80\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-80)\n- Officials in [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norway \"Norway\") officially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a [superspreader event](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspreader_event \"Superspreader event\"), being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected.[\\[81\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-81) Ultimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster.[\\[82\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-82)\n- Israel confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom.[\\[83\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-83)\n\nEight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each. Nebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast.[\\[84\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-84)\n\n[Fiji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiji \"Fiji\") confirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November.[\\[85\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-85)\n\nThe Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely \"Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa.\" As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date.[\\[86\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-86)\n\n[Queensland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queensland \"Queensland\"), Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant.[\\[87\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-87)\n\nWHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries.[\\[88\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-88) By this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. \"Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported.\"[\\[89\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-89)\n\n[Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistan \"Pakistan\") reports its first suspected case.[\\[90\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90)\n\nWHO announces that \"Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron.\" Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week.[\\[91\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-91) Cuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique.[\\[92\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-92)\n\nSingapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-93)\n\nBangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe.[\\[94\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-94) In the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases.[\\[95\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-95)\n\n- 64 new cases are reported in [New South Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_South_Wales \"New South Wales\"), Australia.[\\[96\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-96)\n- Israel reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55.[\\[97\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-97)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-98)\n\nThe first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies;[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-99) the variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK.[\\[100\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-100) China reports its first case (a returnee from overseas),[\\[101\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-101) in [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin \"Tianjin\").[\\[102\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-102) Puerto Rico confirms its first case,[\\[103\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-103) as does Pakistan.[\\[104\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-104)\n\nFrance reports 130 cases.[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) In England 20 cases are in hospital.[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) Studies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless.[\\[106\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-106)\n\nAlgeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the [Algiers International Airport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Houari_Boumediene_Airport \"Houari Boumediene Airport\").[\\[107\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-107)\n\nIsrael has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases.[\\[108\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-108)\n\nMainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at [Shanghai International Airport](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_International_Airport \"Shanghai International Airport\"). The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-109)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b3\/World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg\/500px-World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg)\n\nOmicron is now extant in all six [WHO regions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WHO_regions \"WHO regions\")[\\[110\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-110)\n\nNew Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December.[\\[111\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-111)\n\nIndonesia confirms its first case.[\\[112\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-112) Malaysia reports its second case,[\\[113\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-113) and Poland its first.[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114)\n\nFifteen people are hospitalized in the UK.[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) The [antibody](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antibody \"Antibody\") treatment [Evusheld](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evusheld \"Evusheld\") produced by [AstraZeneca](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AstraZeneca \"AstraZeneca\") is shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas [Regeneron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Regeneron \"Regeneron\")'s [Ronapreve](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronapreve \"Ronapreve\") therapy proves to be less effective.[\\[115\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-115)\n\nDespite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in [Orange County, Florida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_County,_Florida \"Orange County, Florida\") test nearly 100% for Omicron.[\\[116\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-116) Exactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it.[\\[117\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-117) The [State of Palestine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Palestine \"State of Palestine\") reported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad.[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-118)\n\nNew Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in [Auckland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auckland \"Auckland\") from [Dubai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dubai \"Dubai\") on 11 December and traveled to a [managed isolation and quarantine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand \"COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand\") in [Rotorua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rotorua \"Rotorua\") on a bus chartered for international arrivals.[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-119)\n\nIn the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern.[\\[120\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-120) (A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.)[\\[121\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-121) As it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week.[\\[122\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-122)\n\nThe [R number](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R_number \"R number\") for Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr. [Susan Hopkins](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susan_Hopkins \"Susan Hopkins\"), chief medical advisor at the [UK Health Security Agency](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UK_Health_Security_Agency \"UK Health Security Agency\") reported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland.[\\[123\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-123) In Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases,[\\[124\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-124) and in [Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_of_Ireland \"Republic of Ireland\") 35%.[\\[125\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-125)\n\n[Qatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qatar \"Qatar\") reports its first four cases, imported from abroad.[\\[126\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-126)\n\n- WHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown.[\\[127\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-127)\n- Seven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force.[\\[128\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-128)\n- Israel has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134.[\\[129\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-129)\n- Malaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December.[\\[130\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-130)\n- New Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight.[\\[131\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-131)\n- The [Mayor of London](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayor_of_London \"Mayor of London\") [Sadiq Khan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sadiq_Khan \"Sadiq Khan\"), declares a major incident.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-132)[\\[133\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-133)\n- In the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the [Miami-Dade](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miami-Dade \"Miami-Dade\") area (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as \"unprecedented\". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December.[\\[134\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-134)\n\n- Netherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron.[\\[135\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-135) Iran announces its first case.[\\[136\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-136) The variant is now the dominant strain in [Ontario](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ontario \"Ontario\"), Canada, accounting for 51% of cases.[\\[137\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-137)\n\n- 12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case.[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138)[\\[139\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-139) Peru reports its first four cases.[\\[140\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-140)\n- Moderna announces that its mRNA-1273[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138) \"half-dose booster\" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses.[\\[141\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-141)[\\[142\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-142)\n- CDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior.[\\[143\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-143) It has now been identified in at least 30 states.[\\[144\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-144)\n- A report by the [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team \"Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team\") based on data from England, found that \"hospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta.\"[\\[145\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-mrc-growth-england-20211220-145)\n\nAlgeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa.[\\[146\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-146)\n\nAirlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages. [United Airlines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Airlines \"United Airlines\") cancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and [Deutsche Lufthansa AG](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsche_Lufthansa_AG \"Deutsche Lufthansa AG\")'s robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent.[\\[147\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-147) In the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled.[\\[148\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-148)\n\nPortugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case.[\\[149\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-149) Also, the confirmed first case in [Islamabad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islamabad,_Pakistan \"Islamabad, Pakistan\"), the capital of Pakistan, is reported.[\\[90\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90)\n\nAlgeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom.[\\[150\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-150)\n\nOmicron is in at least 115 countries.[\\[151\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-151) The first cases are identified in [Gaza Strip](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza_Strip \"Gaza Strip\") and [Dominican Republic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dominican_Republic \"Dominican Republic\").[\\[152\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-152)\n\nOmicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal.[\\[153\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-153)\n\n- CDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US.[\\[154\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-154)\n- Thailand identifies its first superspreader event.[\\[155\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-155)\n- New Zealand reports its first community case.[\\[156\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-156)[\\[157\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-157)\n\nAlgeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians.[\\[158\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-158)\n\nThe second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga.[\\[159\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-159)\n\nStaffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US.[\\[160\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-160) The Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST.[\\[161\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-161)\n\nDr [Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus \"Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus\"), WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that \"Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict\".[\\[162\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162)\n\nThe [UKHSA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UKHSA \"UKHSA\") announced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the [variant of concern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Variant_of_concern \"Variant of concern\") had become the dominant strain in England.[\\[163\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-163)\n\nFrench Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be \"very difficult\".[\\[162\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162)\n\nSouth Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive [post mortem](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Post_mortem \"Post mortem\") for Omicron.[\\[164\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-164)\n\nAs per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants.[\\[165\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-165)\n\nUS COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread.[\\[166\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-166)\n\nA news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that \"the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs\", which might make it easier \"to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts\".[\\[167\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-167)\n\nIndia records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities.[\\[168\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-168)\n\nWHO announces that Omicron should not be described as \"mild\" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide.[\\[169\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-169) Britain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors.[\\[170\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-170)\n\nAlgeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from [Algiers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algiers_Province \"Algiers Province\"), 06 cases from [Béjaïa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_Province \"Béjaïa Province\"), 01 cases from [Bouïra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bou%C3%AFra_Province \"Bouïra Province\"), 11 cases from [Constantine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantine_Province \"Constantine Province\"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases.[\\[171\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-171)\n\nMass testing begins in [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin \"Tianjin\"), China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant.[\\[172\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-172)\n\nPeru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections.[\\[173\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-173)\n\nWHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant.[\\[174\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-174) In the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant.[\\[175\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-175)\n\nAlgeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from [Blida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blida_Province \"Blida Province\"), 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from [Hassi Messaoud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hassi_Messaoud \"Hassi Messaoud\") and 1 case in [Aïn Defla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A%C3%AFn_Defla_Province \"Aïn Defla Province\") and [Laghouat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laghouat_Province \"Laghouat Province\"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases.[\\[176\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-176)\n\nUS reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor, [Anthony Fauci](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anthony_Fauci \"Anthony Fauci\"), predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January.[\\[177\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-177)\n\nBeijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the [Haidian district](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haidian_district \"Haidian district\").[\\[178\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-178)[\\[179\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-179) Authorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations.[\\[180\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-180)\n\nIn China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada.[\\[181\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-181)[\\[182\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-182)[\\[183\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-183) However, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative.[\\[184\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-184)\n\nFrance reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases.[\\[185\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-185)\n\nThe [Pasteur Institute of Algeria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasteur_Institute_of_Algeria \"Pasteur Institute of Algeria\") (IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants.[\\[186\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-186)\n\nNew Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90.[\\[187\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-187)\n\nNew Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105.[\\[188\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-188)\n\nOmicron is confirmed to be a [zoonotic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoonotic \"Zoonotic\") disease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at [Pennsylvania State University](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pennsylvania_State_University \"Pennsylvania State University\") in [white-tailed deer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White-tailed_deer \"White-tailed deer\") in [Staten Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Staten_Island \"Staten Island\"), N.Y.[\\[189\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-189)\n\nThe BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally.[\\[190\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-190)\n\nThe BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples.[\\[191\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-191)\n\nOn 9 January 2023 the [European CDC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_CDC \"European CDC\") said there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months.[\\[192\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-192)\n\nLate in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases.[\\[193\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-193) These two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a [phenylalanine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phenylalanine \"Phenylalanine\") (F) to [leucine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leucine \"Leucine\") (L) mutation and an [arginine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arginine \"Arginine\") (R) to [threonine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Threonine \"Threonine\") (T) mutation in the virus's spike protein.[\\[194\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-194) By July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in [New South Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_South_Wales \"New South Wales\") during the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2.[\\[195\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_Conversation_FLiRT2FLuQE-195)\n\nEarly in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany.[\\[196\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-196) XEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases.[\\[197\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-197)\n\nLate in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as \"Stratus\")[\\[198\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-198) was discovered in Canada.[\\[199\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-199) XFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named \"Nimbus\", often with extremely sore throat)[\\[200\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-200) with 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases.[\\[201\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-201) In late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\]\n\nOn 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a VOI; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as VUMs. The estimated prevalence for the week ending 7 September 2025 was 68% for XFG (an increase compared to 61% for the week ending 10 August), 20% for NB.1.8.1 (a decrease compared to 24% for the week ending 10 August), and 4% or lower for the other four variants.[\\[202\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_WHODashboard_20250914-202) In late September, the [ECDC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control \"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\") listed no VOCs, and listed BA.2.86 as a VOI, and NB.1.8.1 and XFG as VUMs.[\\[203\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_ECDC_variants_concern_20250926-203)\n\n1. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-1)\n   [\"Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern\"](https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\\(b.1.1.529\\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). *who.int*.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-walls_2020_2-0)**\n   Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D (April 2020). [\"Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein\"](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7102599). *Cell*. **181** (2): 281–292.e6. [doi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_\\(identifier\\) \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10\\.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2020.02.058). [PMC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_\\(identifier\\) \"PMC (identifier)\") [7102599](https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7102599). [PMID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_\\(identifier\\) \"PMID (identifier)\") [32155444](https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32155444).\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-3)**\n   Cowan K (29 November 2021). 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Výsledek jejího testu očekáváme, je teď v izolaci a trasují se všechny kontakty\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/AndrejBabis\/status\/1464550206280806404) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")) (in Czech). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211127133727\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/AndrejBabis\/status\/1464550206280806404) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\").\n26. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-26)**\n    [\"Tracking COVID-19 variant Omicron\"](https:\/\/bnonews.com\/index.php\/2021\/11\/omicron-tracker\/). *BNO News*. November 26, 2021.\n27. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-27)**\n    Goillandeau M (27 November 2021). 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Dutch government warns there will likely be more. https:\/\/t.co\/K6XSGcnn9h https:\/\/t.co\/CjMFccNmwT\"](https:\/\/twitter.com\/DrEricDing\/status\/1464938133649346561) ([Tweet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tweet_\\(social_media\\) \"Tweet (social media)\")). Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twitter \"Twitter\").\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Covid: 13 test positive for Omicron after S Africa-Netherlands flights\"](https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-59451103). *BBC News*. November 28, 2021.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Actuele informatie over COVID-19 \\| RIVM\"](https:\/\/www.rivm.nl\/coronavirus-covid-19\/actueel). *rivm.nl* (in Dutch). 4 December 2021. 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URL	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant
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Meta Title	Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant - Wikipedia
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Boilerpipe Text	This timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect. The extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from WHO ; [ 1 ] structure from PDB : 6VYB . [ 2 ] South African scientists begin seeing samples where PCR tests have S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in Delta which had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in epidemiology . [ 3 ] The first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the Omicron variant by the World Health Organization (WHO) is collected in South Africa. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Other samples of the Omicron variant are collected in Botswana by South African scientists [ 7 ] [ 8 ] under the aegis of Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa (NGS-SA). More than 70 percent of sequenced samples from Gauteng province in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province. [ 9 ] South Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO, [ 1 ] based on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November. [ 10 ] The variation first comes to public notice [ 11 ] at a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of South Africa . Richard Lessells , an infectious-diseases physician at the University of KwaZulu-Natal , [ 12 ] remarked that "There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic." Professor Penny Moore , a virologist at the University of the Witwatersrand [ 13 ] said of the pace of this research that "we're flying at warp speed". [ 7 ] At this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77. [ 14 ] On 26 November at an emergency meeting in Geneva , Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated PANGO lineage B.1.1.529 a variant of concern (VOC) and gave it the designation Omicron (skipping Nu and Xi , the next letters in the Greek alphabet in keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the Delta variant). [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] At this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana, [ 18 ] England, [ 19 ] Hong Kong, [ 20 ] Italy, [ 21 ] Israel, [ 22 ] and Belgium, [ 23 ] and 2 probable cases in Germany [ 24 ] and 1 in Czech Republic. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] The first two cases in the United Kingdom are announced. Additionally it was announced via Twitter that Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m. GMT [ 27 ] genomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia. [ 28 ] Furthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its "at risk" list along with other countries with cases. [ 29 ] Two Danish returnees from South Africa test positive, [ 30 ] and another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in Ottawa, Canada . A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing. [ 31 ] Israel bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks. [ 32 ] [ 33 ] The first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights [ 34 ] from South Africa to The Netherlands on November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] Five additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later. [ 37 ] Two cases were detected in Sydney, Australia . Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via Doha, Qatar . The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate. [ 38 ] South African President Cyril Ramaphosa addressed the Nation at 20:00 SAST . [ 39 ] [ 40 ] He highlighted a few key points in his address. [ 41 ] Firstly he explained the arrival of the new Omicron variant and stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant. [ 42 ] He called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure "is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant". [ 43 ] [ 44 ] Secondly, he called for the country to vaccinate . [ 45 ] Finally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering. [ 46 ] A further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed. [ 47 ] [ 48 ] The affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'. [ 49 ] Australia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from Johannesburg . He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the Howard Springs quarantine facility in the Northern Territory . [ 50 ] The first six cases are identified in Scotland (bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the Lanarkshire area and two in Greater Glasgow and Clyde area. [ 51 ] Spain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa. [ 52 ] India announces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the aegis of COVAX ) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations. [ 53 ] At a special session of the World Health Assembly WHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk. [ 54 ] Ecuador and Japan impose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does France (on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion ). China's leader Xi Jinping pledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa). [ 55 ] In the Netherlands , two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November. [ 56 ] United States , [ 57 ] Saudi Arabia, [ 58 ] Ghana , South Korea , Norway and Nigeria announce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel, [ 59 ] [ 60 ] and more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions. [ 61 ] Ireland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission. [ 62 ] The Israeli Ministry of Health has confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's ExCeL London in late November 2021. [ 63 ] [ 64 ] United Arab Emirates announces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain. [ 65 ] A case is found in the greater Paris , France region, reports BFM TV ; the infected person had recently returned from Nigeria . [ 66 ] This is the first case in mainland France. [ 67 ] Iceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad; [ 68 ] Greece announces its first case (in Crete ), an individual who had traveled to South Africa. [ 69 ] Finland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group. [ 70 ] Singapore preliminarily reports its first two cases. [ 71 ] The US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an anime convention in New York City, Anime NYC 2021 ; vaccination had been required for attendance. [ 72 ] The event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a superspreader event. [ 73 ] [ 74 ] [ 75 ] Malaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university. [ 76 ] There are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history. [ 77 ] Réunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa. [ 78 ] More than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states. [ 79 ] The official number of cases in South Korea is now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a superspreader event . Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge. [ 80 ] Officials in Norway officially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a superspreader event , being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected. [ 81 ] Ultimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster. [ 82 ] Israel confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom. [ 83 ] Eight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each. Nebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast. [ 84 ] Fiji confirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November. [ 85 ] The Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely "Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa." As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date. [ 86 ] Queensland , Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant. [ 87 ] WHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries. [ 88 ] By this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. "Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported." [ 89 ] Pakistan reports its first suspected case. [ 90 ] WHO announces that "Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron." Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week. [ 91 ] Cuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique. [ 92 ] Singapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated. [ 93 ] Bangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe. [ 94 ] In the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases. [ 95 ] 64 new cases are reported in New South Wales , Australia. [ 96 ] Israel reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55. [ 97 ] [ 98 ] The first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies; [ 99 ] the variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK. [ 100 ] China reports its first case (a returnee from overseas), [ 101 ] in Tianjin . [ 102 ] Puerto Rico confirms its first case, [ 103 ] as does Pakistan. [ 104 ] France reports 130 cases. [ 105 ] In England 20 cases are in hospital. [ 105 ] Studies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless. [ 106 ] Algeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the Algiers International Airport . [ 107 ] Israel has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases. [ 108 ] Mainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at Shanghai International Airport . The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission. [ 109 ] Omicron is now extant in all six WHO regions [ 110 ] New Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December. [ 111 ] Indonesia confirms its first case. [ 112 ] Malaysia reports its second case, [ 113 ] and Poland its first. [ 114 ] Fifteen people are hospitalized in the UK. [ 114 ] The antibody treatment Evusheld produced by AstraZeneca is shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas Regeneron 's Ronapreve therapy proves to be less effective. [ 115 ] Despite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in Orange County, Florida test nearly 100% for Omicron. [ 116 ] Exactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it. [ 117 ] The State of Palestine reported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad. [ 118 ] New Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in Auckland from Dubai on 11 December and traveled to a managed isolation and quarantine in Rotorua on a bus chartered for international arrivals. [ 119 ] In the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern. [ 120 ] (A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.) [ 121 ] As it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week. [ 122 ] The R number for Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr. Susan Hopkins , chief medical advisor at the UK Health Security Agency reported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland. [ 123 ] In Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases, [ 124 ] and in Ireland 35%. [ 125 ] Qatar reports its first four cases, imported from abroad. [ 126 ] WHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown. [ 127 ] Seven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force. [ 128 ] Israel has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134. [ 129 ] Malaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December. [ 130 ] New Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight. [ 131 ] The Mayor of London Sadiq Khan , declares a major incident. [ 132 ] [ 133 ] In the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the Miami-Dade area (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as "unprecedented". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December. [ 134 ] Netherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron. [ 135 ] Iran announces its first case. [ 136 ] The variant is now the dominant strain in Ontario , Canada, accounting for 51% of cases. [ 137 ] 12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case. [ 138 ] [ 139 ] Peru reports its first four cases. [ 140 ] Moderna announces that its mRNA-1273 [ 138 ] "half-dose booster" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses. [ 141 ] [ 142 ] CDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior. [ 143 ] It has now been identified in at least 30 states. [ 144 ] A report by the Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team based on data from England, found that hospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta. [ 145 ] Algeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa. [ 146 ] Airlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages. United Airlines cancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and Deutsche Lufthansa AG 's robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent. [ 147 ] In the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled. [ 148 ] Portugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case. [ 149 ] Also, the confirmed first case in Islamabad , the capital of Pakistan, is reported. [ 90 ] Algeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom. [ 150 ] Omicron is in at least 115 countries. [ 151 ] The first cases are identified in Gaza Strip and Dominican Republic . [ 152 ] Omicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal. [ 153 ] CDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US. [ 154 ] Thailand identifies its first superspreader event. [ 155 ] New Zealand reports its first community case. [ 156 ] [ 157 ] Algeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians. [ 158 ] The second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga. [ 159 ] Staffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US. [ 160 ] The Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST. [ 161 ] Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus , WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that "Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict". [ 162 ] The UKHSA announced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the variant of concern had become the dominant strain in England. [ 163 ] French Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be "very difficult". [ 162 ] South Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive post mortem for Omicron. [ 164 ] As per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants. [ 165 ] US COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread. [ 166 ] A news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that "the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs", which might make it easier "to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts". [ 167 ] India records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities. [ 168 ] WHO announces that Omicron should not be described as "mild" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide. [ 169 ] Britain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors. [ 170 ] Algeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from Algiers , 06 cases from Béjaïa , 01 cases from Bouïra , 11 cases from Constantine , bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases. [ 171 ] Mass testing begins in Tianjin , China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant. [ 172 ] Peru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections. [ 173 ] WHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant. [ 174 ] In the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant. [ 175 ] Algeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from Blida , 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from Hassi Messaoud and 1 case in Aïn Defla and Laghouat , bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases. [ 176 ] US reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor, Anthony Fauci , predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January. [ 177 ] Beijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the Haidian district . [ 178 ] [ 179 ] Authorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations. [ 180 ] In China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada. [ 181 ] [ 182 ] [ 183 ] However, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative. [ 184 ] France reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases. [ 185 ] The Pasteur Institute of Algeria (IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants. [ 186 ] New Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90. [ 187 ] New Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105. [ 188 ] Omicron is confirmed to be a zoonotic disease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at Pennsylvania State University in white-tailed deer in Staten Island , N.Y. [ 189 ] The BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally. [ 190 ] The BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples. [ 191 ] On 9 January 2023 the European CDC said there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months. [ 192 ] Late in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases. [ 193 ] These two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a phenylalanine (F) to leucine (L) mutation and an arginine (R) to threonine (T) mutation in the virus's spike protein. [ 194 ] By July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in New South Wales during the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2. [ 195 ] Early in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany. [ 196 ] XEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases. [ 197 ] Late in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as "Stratus") [ 198 ] was discovered in Canada. [ 199 ] XFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named "Nimbus", often with extremely sore throat) [ 200 ] with 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases. [ 201 ] In late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively. [ citation needed ] On 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a VOI ; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as VUM s. 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[o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant) - [1 November 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#November_2021) Toggle November 2021 subsection - [1\.1 4 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#4_November) - [1\.2 8 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_November) - [1\.3 9 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#9_November) - [1\.4 14–23 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#14%E2%80%9323_November) - [1\.5 24 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_November) - [1\.6 25 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#25_November) - [1\.7 26 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#26_November) - [1\.8 27 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#27_November) - [1\.9 28 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#28_November) - [1\.10 29 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#29_November) - [1\.11 30 November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#30_November) - [2 December 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#December_2021) Toggle December 2021 subsection - [2\.1 1 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#1_December) - [2\.2 2 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2_December) - [2\.3 3 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#3_December) - [2\.4 4 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#4_December) - [2\.5 5 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#5_December) - [2\.6 6 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#6_December) - [2\.7 7 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#7_December) - [2\.8 8 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_December) - [2\.9 9 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#9_December) - [2\.10 10 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#10_December) - [2\.11 11 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#11_December) - [2\.12 12 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#12_December) - [2\.13 13 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#13_December) - [2\.14 14 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#14_December) - [2\.15 15 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#15_December) - [2\.16 16 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#16_December) - [2\.17 17 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#17_December) - [2\.18 18 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#18_December) - [2\.19 19 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#19_December) - [2\.20 20 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#20_December) - [2\.21 24 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_December) - [2\.22 25 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#25_December) - [2\.23 26 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#26_December) - [2\.24 27 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#27_December) - [2\.25 29 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#29_December) - [2\.26 30 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#30_December) - [2\.27 31 December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#31_December) - [3 January 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_2022) Toggle January 2022 subsection - [3\.1 January 1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_1) - [3\.2 January 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_3) - [3\.3 January 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_4) - [3\.4 January 6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_6) - [3\.5 January 7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_7) - [3\.6 January 9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_9) - [3\.7 January 10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_10) - [3\.8 January 12](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_12) - [3\.9 January 13](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_13) - [3\.10 January 14](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_14) - [3\.11 January 15](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_15) - [3\.12 January 17](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_17) - [3\.13 January 19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_19) - [3\.14 January 20](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_20) - [3\.15 January 27](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_27) - [3\.16 January 28](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#January_28) - [4 February 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#February_2022) Toggle February 2022 subsection - [4\.1 8 February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#8_February) - [4\.2 24 February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#24_February) - [5 October 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#October_2022) Toggle October 2022 subsection - [5\.1 13 October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#13_October) - [6 2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2023) - [7 2024 and later](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2024_and_later) Toggle 2024 and later subsection - [7\.1 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2024) - [7\.2 2025](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#2025) - [8 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#References) Toggle the table of contents # Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant 2 languages - [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81_2_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86 "الجدول الزمني لمتحور سارس كوف 2 أوميكرون – Arabic") - [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Cronolog%C3%ADa_de_la_variante_%C3%B3micron_del_SARS-CoV-2 "Anexo:Cronología de la variante ómicron del SARS-CoV-2 – Spanish") [Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109784239#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - 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[Page information](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=info "More information about this page") - [Cite this page](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&id=1334496827&wpFormIdentifier=titleform "Information on how to cite this page") - [Get shortened URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTimeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant) Print/export - [Download as PDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=show-download-screen "Download this page as a PDF file") - [Printable version](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&printable=yes "Printable version of this page [p]") In other projects - [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109784239 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]") Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main articles: [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") and [Variants of SARS-CoV-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2 "Variants of SARS-CoV-2") This timeline of the [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") (November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect. [![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking down onto the receptor-binding domain](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png) [![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking at the side of the protein](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png) The extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from [WHO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO "WHO");[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) structure from [PDB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank "Protein Data Bank"): [6VYB](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6VYB).[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-walls_2020-2) ## November 2021 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: November 2021")\] ### 4 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: 4 November")\] [South African](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa") scientists begin seeing samples where [PCR tests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCR_test "PCR test") have S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant") which had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in [epidemiology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology "Epidemiology").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-3) ### 8 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: 8 November")\] The first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the Omicron variant by the [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization") (WHO) is collected in South Africa.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-TG_SAfrica_2Dec-4)[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-6) ### 9 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: 9 November")\] Other samples of the Omicron variant are collected in [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana "Botswana") by South African scientists[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-8) under the aegis of [Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Network_for_Genomic_Surveillance_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1 "Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa (page does not exist)") (NGS-SA). ### 14–23 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: 14–23 November")\] More than 70 percent of sequenced samples from [Gauteng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauteng "Gauteng") province in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-9) ### 24 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: 24 November")\] South Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO,[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) based on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-10) ### 25 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: 25 November")\] The variation first comes to public notice[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-11) at a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa"). [Richard Lessells](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lessells&action=edit&redlink=1 "Richard Lessells (page does not exist)"), an infectious-diseases physician at the [University of KwaZulu-Natal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal "University of KwaZulu-Natal"),[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-12) remarked that "There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic." Professor [Penny Moore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny_Moore_\(virologist\) "Penny Moore (virologist)"), a [virologist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virology "Virology") at the [University of the Witwatersrand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand "University of the Witwatersrand")[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-13) said of the pace of this research that "we're flying at warp speed".[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7) At this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-14) ### 26 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: 26 November")\] On 26 November at an emergency meeting in [Geneva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva "Geneva"), Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated [PANGO lineage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANGOLIN "PANGOLIN") B.1.1.529 a [variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variant_of_concern "Variant of concern") (VOC) and gave it the designation [Omicron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omicron "Omicron") (skipping [Nu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_\(letter\) "Nu (letter)") and [Xi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_\(letter\) "Xi (letter)"), the next letters in the [Greek alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet "Greek alphabet") in keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_\(letter\) "Delta (letter)") variant).[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-15)[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-16)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-17) At this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana,[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-18) England,[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-19) Hong Kong,[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-20) Italy,[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-21) Israel,[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-22) and Belgium,[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-23) and 2 probable cases in Germany[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-24) and 1 in Czech Republic.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-26) ### 27 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: 27 November")\] The first two cases in the [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom "United Kingdom") are announced. Additionally it was announced via [Twitter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter "Twitter") that Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m. [GMT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMT "GMT")[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-27) genomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-28) Furthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its "at risk" list along with other countries with cases.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-29) ### 28 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: 28 November")\] Two [Danish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark "Denmark") returnees from South Africa test positive,[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-30) and another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in [Ottawa, Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa,_Canada "Ottawa, Canada"). A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-31) Israel bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-32) [\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-33) The first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-34) from South Africa to [The Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Netherlands "The Netherlands") on November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-35)[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-36) Five additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-37) Two cases were detected in [Sydney, Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney,_Australia "Sydney, Australia"). Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via [Doha, Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha,_Qatar "Doha, Qatar"). The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate.[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NSW-28Nov-38) South African President [Cyril Ramaphosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa "Cyril Ramaphosa") addressed the Nation at 20:00 [SAST](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAST "SAST").[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-39)[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-40) He highlighted a few key points in his address.[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-41) Firstly he explained the arrival of the new [Omicron variant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omicron_variant "Omicron variant") and stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant.[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-42) He called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure "is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant".[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-44) Secondly, he called for the country to [vaccinate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa").[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-45) Finally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering.[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-46) A further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed.[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-48) The affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'.[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-49) ### 29 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=11 "Edit section: 29 November")\] Australia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from [Johannesburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannesburg "Johannesburg"). He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the [Howard Springs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Springs,_Northern_Territory "Howard Springs, Northern Territory") quarantine facility in the [Northern Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Territory "Northern Territory").[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NT-29Nov-50) The first six cases are identified in [Scotland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland "Scotland") (bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the [Lanarkshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanarkshire,_Scotland "Lanarkshire, Scotland") area and two in Greater [Glasgow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow,_Scotland "Glasgow, Scotland") and Clyde area.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-51) Spain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-52) [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") announces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the [aegis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegis "Aegis") of [COVAX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVAX "COVAX")) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-53) At a special session of the [World Health Assembly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Assembly "World Health Assembly") WHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk.[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-54) ### 30 November \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=12 "Edit section: 30 November")\] [Ecuador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador "Ecuador") and [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan "Japan") impose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France "France") (on the Indian Ocean island of [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9union "Réunion")). [China's leader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount_leader "Paramount leader") [Xi Jinping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping "Xi Jinping") pledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa).[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-55) In [the Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands "Netherlands"), two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-56) ## December 2021 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=13 "Edit section: December 2021")\] ### 1 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=14 "Edit section: 1 December")\] - [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States"),[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-57) Saudi Arabia,[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-58) [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana "Ghana"), [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea "South Korea"), [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway "Norway") and [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria") announce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel,[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-60) and more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions.[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-61) - Ireland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-62) - The [Israeli Ministry of Health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_\(Israel\) "Ministry of Health (Israel)") has confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's [ExCeL London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExCeL_London "ExCeL London") in late November 2021.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-64) ### 2 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=15 "Edit section: 2 December")\] [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates "United Arab Emirates") announces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-65) A case is found in the greater [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris"), France region, reports [BFM TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BFM_TV "BFM TV"); the infected person had recently returned from [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria").[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-66) This is the first case in mainland France.[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-67) Iceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad;[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-68) Greece announces its first case (in [Crete](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crete "Crete")), an individual who had traveled to South Africa.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-69) Finland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group.[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-70) Singapore preliminarily reports its first two cases.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-71) The US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an [anime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anime "Anime") convention in New York City, [Anime NYC 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anime_NYC "Anime NYC"); vaccination had been required for attendance.[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-72) The event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a [superspreader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader "Superspreader") event.[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-73)[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-74)[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-75) ### 3 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=16 "Edit section: 3 December")\] Malaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university.[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-76) There are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-77) Réunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa.[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-78) More than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-79) ### 4 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=17 "Edit section: 4 December")\] - The official number of cases in [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea "South Korea") is now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a [superspreader event](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader_event "Superspreader event"). Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-80) - Officials in [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway "Norway") officially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a [superspreader event](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader_event "Superspreader event"), being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected.[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-81) Ultimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster.[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-82) - Israel confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom.[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-83) ### 5 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=18 "Edit section: 5 December")\] Eight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each. Nebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast.[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-84) ### 6 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=19 "Edit section: 6 December")\] [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiji "Fiji") confirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November.[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-85) ### 7 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=20 "Edit section: 7 December")\] The Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely "Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa." As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date.[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-86) ### 8 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=21 "Edit section: 8 December")\] [Queensland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensland "Queensland"), Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-87) WHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-88) By this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. "Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported."[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-89) [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan") reports its first suspected case.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90) ### 9 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=22 "Edit section: 9 December")\] WHO announces that "Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron." Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week.[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-91) Cuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique.[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-92) ### 10 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=23 "Edit section: 10 December")\] Singapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-93) ### 11 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=24 "Edit section: 11 December")\] Bangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe.[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-94) In the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-95) ### 12 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=25 "Edit section: 12 December")\] - 64 new cases are reported in [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales"), Australia.[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-96) - Israel reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55.[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-97)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-98) ### 13 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=26 "Edit section: 13 December")\] The first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies;[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-99) the variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-100) China reports its first case (a returnee from overseas),[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-101) in [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin "Tianjin").[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-102) Puerto Rico confirms its first case,[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-103) as does Pakistan.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-104) ### 14 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=27 "Edit section: 14 December")\] France reports 130 cases.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) In England 20 cases are in hospital.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) Studies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-106) Algeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the [Algiers International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houari_Boumediene_Airport "Houari Boumediene Airport").[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-107) Israel has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases.[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-108) ### 15 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=28 "Edit section: 15 December")\] Mainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at [Shanghai International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_International_Airport "Shanghai International Airport"). The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-109) ### 16 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=29 "Edit section: 16 December")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg/500px-World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg) Omicron is now extant in all six [WHO regions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO_regions "WHO regions")[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-110) New Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December.[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-111) Indonesia confirms its first case.[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-112) Malaysia reports its second case,[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-113) and Poland its first.[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) Fifteen people are hospitalized in the UK.[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) The [antibody](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody "Antibody") treatment [Evusheld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evusheld "Evusheld") produced by [AstraZeneca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca "AstraZeneca") is shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas [Regeneron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regeneron "Regeneron")'s [Ronapreve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronapreve "Ronapreve") therapy proves to be less effective.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-115) Despite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in [Orange County, Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_County,_Florida "Orange County, Florida") test nearly 100% for Omicron.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-116) Exactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it.[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-117) The [State of Palestine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine "State of Palestine") reported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-118) ### 17 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=30 "Edit section: 17 December")\] New Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in [Auckland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland "Auckland") from [Dubai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai "Dubai") on 11 December and traveled to a [managed isolation and quarantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand") in [Rotorua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotorua "Rotorua") on a bus chartered for international arrivals.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-119) In the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-120) (A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.)[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-121) As it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-122) The [R number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_number "R number") for Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr. [Susan Hopkins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Hopkins "Susan Hopkins"), chief medical advisor at the [UK Health Security Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Health_Security_Agency "UK Health Security Agency") reported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-123) In Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases,[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-124) and in [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland "Republic of Ireland") 35%.[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-125) [Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar "Qatar") reports its first four cases, imported from abroad.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-126) ### 18 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=31 "Edit section: 18 December")\] - WHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-127) - Seven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-128) - Israel has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-129) - Malaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-130) - New Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-131) - The [Mayor of London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_London "Mayor of London") [Sadiq Khan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadiq_Khan "Sadiq Khan"), declares a major incident.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-132)[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-133) - In the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the [Miami-Dade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami-Dade "Miami-Dade") area (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as "unprecedented". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December.[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-134) ### 19 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=32 "Edit section: 19 December")\] - Netherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron.[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-135) Iran announces its first case.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-136) The variant is now the dominant strain in [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario "Ontario"), Canada, accounting for 51% of cases.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-137) ### 20 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=33 "Edit section: 20 December")\] - 12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case.[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138)[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-139) Peru reports its first four cases.[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-140) - Moderna announces that its mRNA-1273[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138) "half-dose booster" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses.[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-141)[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-142) - CDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior.[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-143) It has now been identified in at least 30 states.[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-144) - A report by the [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team "Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team") based on data from England, found that "hospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta."[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-mrc-growth-england-20211220-145) ### 24 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=34 "Edit section: 24 December")\] Algeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa.[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-146) ### 25 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=35 "Edit section: 25 December")\] Airlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages. [United Airlines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Airlines "United Airlines") cancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and [Deutsche Lufthansa AG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Lufthansa_AG "Deutsche Lufthansa AG")'s robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent.[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-147) In the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled.[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-148) Portugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case.[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-149) Also, the confirmed first case in [Islamabad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad,_Pakistan "Islamabad, Pakistan"), the capital of Pakistan, is reported.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90) ### 26 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=36 "Edit section: 26 December")\] Algeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom.[\[150\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-150) Omicron is in at least 115 countries.[\[151\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-151) The first cases are identified in [Gaza Strip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip "Gaza Strip") and [Dominican Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic "Dominican Republic").[\[152\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-152) ### 27 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=37 "Edit section: 27 December")\] Omicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal.[\[153\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-153) ### 29 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=38 "Edit section: 29 December")\] - CDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US.[\[154\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-154) - Thailand identifies its first superspreader event.[\[155\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-155) - New Zealand reports its first community case.[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-156)[\[157\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-157) ### 30 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=39 "Edit section: 30 December")\] Algeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians.[\[158\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-158) The second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga.[\[159\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-159) ### 31 December \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=40 "Edit section: 31 December")\] Staffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US.[\[160\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-160) The Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST.[\[161\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-161) Dr [Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus "Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus"), WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that "Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict".[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162) The [UKHSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKHSA "UKHSA") announced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the [variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variant_of_concern "Variant of concern") had become the dominant strain in England.[\[163\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-163) ## January 2022 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=41 "Edit section: January 2022")\] ### January 1 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=42 "Edit section: January 1")\] French Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be "very difficult".[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162) ### January 3 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=43 "Edit section: January 3")\] South Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive [post mortem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_mortem "Post mortem") for Omicron.[\[164\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-164) ### January 4 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=44 "Edit section: January 4")\] As per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants.[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-165) US COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread.[\[166\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-166) A news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that "the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs", which might make it easier "to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts".[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-167) ### January 6 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=45 "Edit section: January 6")\] India records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-168) ### January 7 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=46 "Edit section: January 7")\] WHO announces that Omicron should not be described as "mild" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide.[\[169\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-169) Britain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors.[\[170\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-170) Algeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from [Algiers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers_Province "Algiers Province"), 06 cases from [Béjaïa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_Province "Béjaïa Province"), 01 cases from [Bouïra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bou%C3%AFra_Province "Bouïra Province"), 11 cases from [Constantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Province "Constantine Province"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases.[\[171\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-171) ### January 9 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=47 "Edit section: January 9")\] Mass testing begins in [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin "Tianjin"), China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant.[\[172\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-172) ### January 10 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=48 "Edit section: January 10")\] Peru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections.[\[173\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-173) ### January 12 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=49 "Edit section: January 12")\] WHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant.[\[174\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-174) In the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant.[\[175\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-175) ### January 13 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=50 "Edit section: January 13")\] Algeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from [Blida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blida_Province "Blida Province"), 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from [Hassi Messaoud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassi_Messaoud "Hassi Messaoud") and 1 case in [Aïn Defla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%AFn_Defla_Province "Aïn Defla Province") and [Laghouat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laghouat_Province "Laghouat Province"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases.[\[176\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-176) ### January 14 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=51 "Edit section: January 14")\] US reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor, [Anthony Fauci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Fauci "Anthony Fauci"), predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January.[\[177\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-177) ### January 15 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=52 "Edit section: January 15")\] Beijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the [Haidian district](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haidian_district "Haidian district").[\[178\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-178)[\[179\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-179) Authorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-180) ### January 17 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=53 "Edit section: January 17")\] In China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada.[\[181\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-181)[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-182)[\[183\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-183) However, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative.[\[184\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-184) ### January 19 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=54 "Edit section: January 19")\] France reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases.[\[185\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-185) ### January 20 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=55 "Edit section: January 20")\] The [Pasteur Institute of Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute_of_Algeria "Pasteur Institute of Algeria") (IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants.[\[186\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-186) ### January 27 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=56 "Edit section: January 27")\] New Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90.[\[187\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-187) ### January 28 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=57 "Edit section: January 28")\] New Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105.[\[188\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-188) ## February 2022 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=58 "Edit section: February 2022")\] ### 8 February \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=59 "Edit section: 8 February")\] Omicron is confirmed to be a [zoonotic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonotic "Zoonotic") disease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at [Pennsylvania State University](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University "Pennsylvania State University") in [white-tailed deer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-tailed_deer "White-tailed deer") in [Staten Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staten_Island "Staten Island"), N.Y.[\[189\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-189) ### 24 February \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=60 "Edit section: 24 February")\] The BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally.[\[190\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-190) ## October 2022 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=61 "Edit section: October 2022")\] ### 13 October \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=62 "Edit section: 13 October")\] The BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples.[\[191\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-191) ## 2023 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=63 "Edit section: 2023")\] On 9 January 2023 the [European CDC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_CDC "European CDC") said there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months.[\[192\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-192) ## 2024 and later \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=64 "Edit section: 2024 and later")\] This section is an excerpt from [Variants of SARS-CoV-2 § Sublineages by year](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2#Sublineages_by_year "Variants of SARS-CoV-2").\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2&action=edit)\] #### 2024 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-1 "Edit section: 2024")\] Late in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases.[\[193\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-193) These two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a [phenylalanine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine "Phenylalanine") (F) to [leucine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine "Leucine") (L) mutation and an [arginine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine "Arginine") (R) to [threonine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threonine "Threonine") (T) mutation in the virus's spike protein.[\[194\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-194) By July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales") during the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2.[\[195\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_Conversation_FLiRT2FLuQE-195) Early in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany.[\[196\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-196) XEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases.[\[197\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-197) #### 2025 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Excerpt&action=edit&section=T-2 "Edit section: 2025")\] Late in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as "Stratus")[\[198\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-198) was discovered in Canada.[\[199\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-199) XFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named "Nimbus", often with extremely sore throat)[\[200\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-200) with 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases.[\[201\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-201) In late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] On 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a VOI; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as VUMs. The estimated prevalence for the week ending 7 September 2025 was 68% for XFG (an increase compared to 61% for the week ending 10 August), 20% for NB.1.8.1 (a decrease compared to 24% for the week ending 10 August), and 4% or lower for the other four variants.[\[202\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_WHODashboard_20250914-202) In late September, the [ECDC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control") listed no VOCs, and listed BA.2.86 as a VOI, and NB.1.8.1 and XFG as VUMs.[\[203\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_ECDC_variants_concern_20250926-203) ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant&action=edit&section=65 "Edit section: References")\] 1. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-1) ["Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern"](https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\(b.1.1.529\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). who.int. 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-walls_2020_2-0)* Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D (April 2020). ["Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102599). Cell. 181 (2): 281–292.e6. [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_\(identifier\) "Doi (identifier)"):[10\.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2020.02.058). [PMC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMC_\(identifier\) "PMC (identifier)") [7102599](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102599). [PMID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_\(identifier\) "PMID (identifier)") [32155444](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32155444). 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-3) Cowan K (29 November 2021). ["Inside SA leg of Omicron variant discovery: A single test result, a missing gene, and an email"](https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/investigations/covid19/inside-sa-leg-of-omicron-variant-discovery-a-single-test-result-a-missing-gene-and-an-email-20211128). News24. Retrieved 2 December 2021. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-TG_SAfrica_2Dec_4-0) ["Omicron becomes dominant variant in South Africa"](https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/dec/02/coronavirus-news-live-south-africa-sees-exponential-increase-in-covid-cases-dominated-by-omicron-variant?page=with:block-61a8197e8f08988db2bebd49#block-61a8197e8f08988db2bebd49). The Guardian. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021. 5. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-5) ["SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Update 1 December 2021"](https://www.nicd.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Update-of-SA-sequencing-data-from-GISAID-1-Dec-Final.pdf#page=20) (PDF). South African National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Retrieved 2 December 2021. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-6) ["Tracking of Variants"](https://www.gisaid.org/hcov19-variants/). [GISAID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GISAID "GISAID"). Retrieved 2 December 2021. 7. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-nature-alert_7-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-nature-alert_7-1) Callaway E (25 November 2021). ["Heavily mutated coronavirus variant puts scientists on alert"](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-03552-w). Nature. 600* (7887): 21. [Bibcode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibcode_\(identifier\) "Bibcode (identifier)"):[2021Natur.600...21C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021Natur.600...21C). [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_\(identifier\) "Doi (identifier)"):[10\.1038/d41586-021-03552-w](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fd41586-021-03552-w). [PMID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_\(identifier\) "PMID (identifier)") [34824381](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34824381). [S2CID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_\(identifier\) "S2CID (identifier)") [244660616](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244660616). 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-8) ["Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern"](https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\(b.1.1.529\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). World Health Organization. 26 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021. 9. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-9) Whiteside P (30 November 2021). ["COVID-19: How the spread of Omicron went from patient zero to all around the globe"](https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-how-the-spread-of-omicron-went-from-patient-zero-to-all-around-the-globe-12482183). SkyNews. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 10. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-10) Vaughan A (27 November 2021). ["Omicron: How dangerous is the new variant first found in South Africa?"](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2299194-omicron-how-dangerous-is-the-new-variant-first-found-in-south-africa/). NewScientist. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 11. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-11) ["New Covid variant: How worried should we be?"](https://www.bbc.com/news/health-59418127). [BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News "BBC News"). 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021. 12. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-12) ["Richard Lessells - Google Scholar"](https://scholar.google.com.br/citations?hl=en&user=EarEBQkAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate). scholar.google.com. Retrieved 14 December 2021. 13. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-13) ["Penny Moore"](https://theconversation.com/profiles/penny-moore-209049). The Conversation. 26 November 2015. 14. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-14) ["87 Omicron COVID-19 Variant of Concern Cases Confirmed"](https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/87-omicron-covid-19-variant-concern-cases-confirmed). precisionvaccinations.com. 15. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-15) ["Fact Check-WHO skipped letters of Greek alphabet while naming COVID-19 variant Omicron"](https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-variants-alphabet-idUSL1N2SI07K). Reuters. November 27, 2021. 16. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-16) [World Health Organization (WHO) \[@WHO\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization_\(WHO\) "World Health Organization (WHO)") (26 November 2021). ["The Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution met today to review what is known about the \#COVID19 variant B.1.1.529. They advised WHO that it should be designated a Variant of Concern. WHO has named it Omicron, in line with naming protocols https://t.co/bSbVas9yds https://t.co/Gev1zIt1Ek"](https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1464295764809637898) ([Tweet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweet_\(social_media\) "Tweet (social media)")). 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[doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_\(identifier\) "Doi (identifier)"):[10\.1016/S1473-3099(25)00308-1](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2825%2900308-1). [PMID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_\(identifier\) "PMID (identifier)") [40484018](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40484018). 200. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-200) ["What is new 'Nimbus' Covid variant? Symptoms as cases grow in UK"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/covid-new-variant-nimbus-nb-1-8-1-symptoms-cases-b2773272.html). The Independent. 19 June 2025. Retrieved 24 September 2025. 201. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-201) ["WHO TAG-VE Risk Evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 Variant Under Monitoring: XFG"](https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/25062025_xfg_ire.pdf?sfvrsn=fab54cd7_1) (PDF). [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization"). Retrieved 25 July 2025. 202. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_WHODashboard_20250914_202-0) [WHO COVID-19 dashboard – Summary](https://web.archive.org/web/20250930151411/https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/summary), [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization"), 14 September 2025, [Wikidata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDQ_\(identifier\) "WDQ (identifier)") [Q136406665](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136406665 "d:Q136406665"), archived from [the original](https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/summary) on 30 September 2025 203. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_ECDC_variants_concern_20250926_203-0) [SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern as of 26 September 2025](https://web.archive.org/web/20250930144754/https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/covid-19/variants-concern), [European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"), 26 September 2025, [Wikidata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDQ_\(identifier\) "WDQ (identifier)") [Q136406441](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136406441 "d:Q136406441"), archived from [the original](https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/covid-19/variants-concern) on 30 September 2025 [Portals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals "Wikipedia:Contents/Portals"): - ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png) [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:South_Africa "Portal:South Africa") - [![virus icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg/20px-SARS-CoV-2_%28Wikimedia_colors%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SARS-CoV-2_\(Wikimedia_colors\).svg) [COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:COVID-19 "Portal:COVID-19") - ![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/20px-WHO_Rod.svg.png) [Medicine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Medicine "Portal:Medicine") - [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sida-aids.png/20px-Sida-aids.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sida-aids.png) [Viruses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Viruses "Portal:Viruses") \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic "Template:COVID-19 pandemic") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic "Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19_pandemic "Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19 pandemic")[COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19") (disease) [SARS-CoV-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2 "SARS-CoV-2") (virus) \| \| \| [Timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Pre-pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic_predictions_and_preparations_prior_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Pandemic predictions and preparations prior to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Severe acute respiratory syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS "SARS") (SARS) [Middle East respiratory syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MERS "MERS") (MERS) [Crimson Contagion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimson_Contagion "Crimson Contagion") [Disease X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_X "Disease X") [Exercise Cygnus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_Cygnus "Exercise Cygnus") [2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019") \| \| 2020 \| [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020") \| \| 2021 \| [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021") \| \| 2022 \| [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2022") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2022") \| \| 2023 \| [Timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2023 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2023") \| \| [Locations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_by_country_and_territory "COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa "COVID-19 pandemic in Africa")([national responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa "National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa")) \| \| \| \| \| \| Northern \| [Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Algeria "COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria") [Canary Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands") [Ceuta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta "COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt "COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt") [Libya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Libya "COVID-19 pandemic in Libya") [Mauritania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritania "COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritania") [Melilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla") [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Morocco "COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco") [Sudan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sudan "COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan") [Tunisia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tunisia "COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia") [Western Sahara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Sahara "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Sahara") [Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic") \| \| Eastern \| [Burundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burundi "COVID-19 pandemic in Burundi") [Comoros](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Comoros "COVID-19 pandemic in the Comoros") [Djibouti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Djibouti "COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti") [Eritrea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eritrea "COVID-19 pandemic in Eritrea") [Ethiopia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ethiopia "COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia") [Kenya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kenya "COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya") [Madagascar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madagascar "COVID-19 pandemic in Madagascar") [Mauritius](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritius "COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritius") [Mayotte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte "COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte") [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union "COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion") [Rwanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rwanda "COVID-19 pandemic in Rwanda") [Seychelles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Seychelles "COVID-19 pandemic in Seychelles") [Somalia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somalia "COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia") [Puntland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puntland "COVID-19 pandemic in Puntland") [Somaliland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somaliland "COVID-19 pandemic in Somaliland") [South Sudan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Sudan "COVID-19 pandemic in South Sudan") [Tanzania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tanzania "COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania") [Uganda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uganda "COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda") \| \| Southern \| [Angola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Angola "COVID-19 pandemic in Angola") [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Botswana "COVID-19 pandemic in Botswana") [Eswatini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eswatini "COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini") [Lesotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lesotho "COVID-19 pandemic in Lesotho") [Malawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malawi "COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi") [Mozambique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mozambique "COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique") [Namibia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Namibia "COVID-19 pandemic in Namibia") [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa") [list of deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_deaths_in_South_Africa "List of COVID-19 deaths in South Africa") [Zambia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zambia "COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia") [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zimbabwe "COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe") \| \| Central \| [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 pandemic in Cameroon") [Central African Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Central_African_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Central African Republic") [Chad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chad "COVID-19 pandemic in Chad") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 pandemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo") [Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of the Congo") [Gabon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gabon "COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon") [São Tomé and Príncipe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe "COVID-19 pandemic in São Tomé and Príncipe") \| \| Western \| [Benin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Benin "COVID-19 pandemic in Benin") [Burkina Faso](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burkina_Faso "COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso") [Cape Verde](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cape_Verde "COVID-19 pandemic in Cape Verde") [Equatorial Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Equatorial_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Equatorial Guinea") [Gambia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Gambia "COVID-19 pandemic in the Gambia") [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana "COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana") timeline 2020 [March–July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(March%E2%80%93July_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (March–July 2020)") [August–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(August%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (August–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (2021)") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanaian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Ghanaian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") impact [education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana") [Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea") [Guinea-Bissau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea-Bissau "COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau") [Ivory Coast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ivory_Coast "COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast") [Liberia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liberia "COVID-19 pandemic in Liberia") [Mali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mali "COVID-19 pandemic in Mali") [Niger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niger "COVID-19 pandemic in Niger") [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nigeria "COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Nigerian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha") [Senegal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Senegal "COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal") [Sierra Leone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sierra_Leone "COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone") [Togo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Togo "COVID-19 pandemic in Togo") \| \| [Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in Asia") \| \| \| \| \| \| Central/North \| [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan") [Kyrgyzstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kyrgyzstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") timeline [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)") impact [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") [Tajikistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tajikistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Tajikistan") [Turkmenistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkmenistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkmenistan") [Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uzbekistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan") \| \| East \| \| \| \| \| \| [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hong_Kong "COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan "COVID-19 pandemic in Japan") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan") [Tokyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokyo "COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo") [2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_2020_Summer_Paralympics "COVID-19 cases at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics") [North Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea "COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Korea "COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea") [Macau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Macau "COVID-19 pandemic in Macau") [Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mongolia "COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Taiwan "COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan") [respirator diplomacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan "Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan") \| \| \| [Mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China") \| [lockdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China "COVID-19 lockdown in China") [detail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China "Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China") [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Beijing "COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing") [2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_and_2022_Winter_Paralympics "COVID-19 cases at the 2022 Winter Olympics and 2022 Winter Paralympics") [Heilongjiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Heilongjiang "COVID-19 pandemic in Heilongjiang") [Henan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Henan "COVID-19 pandemic in Henan") [Hubei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hubei "COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei") [Inner Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Inner_Mongolia "COVID-19 pandemic in Inner Mongolia") [Liaoning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liaoning "COVID-19 pandemic in Liaoning") [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Shanghai "COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai") [2022 outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Shanghai_COVID-19_outbreak "2022 Shanghai COVID-19 outbreak") [Sichuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sichuan "COVID-19 pandemic in Sichuan") [Tibet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tibet "COVID-19 pandemic in Tibet") [Xinjiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Xinjiang "COVID-19 pandemic in Xinjiang") \| \| [South](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Afghanistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan") [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh") [Bhutan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bhutan "COVID-19 pandemic in Bhutan") [Maldives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maldives "COVID-19 pandemic in Maldives") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nepal "COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal") [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Pakistan "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Pakistan") [Sri Lanka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sri_Lanka "COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka") \| \| \| [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "COVID-19 pandemic in India") \| \| \| \| \| \| [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") [lockdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India "COVID-19 lockdown in India") [migrant workers' crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") timeline 2020 [January–May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(January%E2%80%93May_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (January–May 2020)") [June–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(June%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (June–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (2021)") [union government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [PM CARES Fund](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund "PM CARES Fund") [state government responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_state_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian state government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India "COVID-19 vaccination in India") [Vaccine Maitri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_Maitri "Vaccine Maitri") \| \| \| By location \| [Andaman and Nicobar Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands") [Andhra Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andhra_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra Pradesh") [Arunachal Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arunachal_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Arunachal Pradesh") [Assam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Assam "COVID-19 pandemic in Assam") [Bihar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bihar "COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar") [Chandigarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chandigarh "COVID-19 pandemic in Chandigarh") [Chhattisgarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chhattisgarh "COVID-19 pandemic in Chhattisgarh") [Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu "COVID-19 pandemic in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu") [Delhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delhi "COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Delhi "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Delhi") [Goa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Goa "COVID-19 pandemic in Goa") [Gujarat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gujarat "COVID-19 pandemic in Gujarat") [Haryana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haryana "COVID-19 pandemic in Haryana") [Himachal Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Himachal_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Himachal Pradesh") [Jammu and Kashmir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir "COVID-19 pandemic in Jammu and Kashmir") [Jharkhand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jharkhand "COVID-19 pandemic in Jharkhand") [Karnataka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Karnataka "COVID-19 pandemic in Karnataka") [Kerala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala "COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala") [Ladakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ladakh "COVID-19 pandemic in Ladakh") [Lakshadweep](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lakshadweep "COVID-19 pandemic in Lakshadweep") [Madhya Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madhya_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Madhya Pradesh") [Maharashtra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maharashtra "COVID-19 pandemic in Maharashtra") [Manipur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manipur "COVID-19 pandemic in Manipur") [Meghalaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Meghalaya "COVID-19 pandemic in Meghalaya") [Mizoram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mizoram "COVID-19 pandemic in Mizoram") [Nagaland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nagaland "COVID-19 pandemic in Nagaland") [Odisha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Odisha "COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha") [Puducherry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puducherry "COVID-19 pandemic in Puducherry") [Punjab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Punjab,_India "COVID-19 pandemic in Punjab, India") [Rajasthan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rajasthan "COVID-19 pandemic in Rajasthan") [Sikkim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sikkim "COVID-19 pandemic in Sikkim") [Tamil Nadu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tamil_Nadu "COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu") [Telangana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Telangana "COVID-19 pandemic in Telangana") [Tripura](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tripura "COVID-19 pandemic in Tripura") [Uttar Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttar_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Uttar Pradesh") [Uttarakhand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttarakhand "COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand") [West Bengal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Bengal "COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal") \| \| [Southeast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Southeast_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Brunei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brunei "COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei") [Cambodia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cambodia "COVID-19 pandemic in Cambodia") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia "COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia") timeline [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia (2021)") [social restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions "Indonesia large-scale social restrictions") [Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Activities_Restrictions_Enforcement "Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement") [Laos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Laos "COVID-19 pandemic in Laos") [Myanmar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Myanmar "COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore "COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2022)") [circuit breaker response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures "2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore "COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore") [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand "COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [Timor-Leste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Timor-Leste "COVID-19 pandemic in Timor-Leste") [Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam "COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Vietnamese government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") \| impact [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia") [Aid and relief efforts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aid_and_relief_efforts_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Aid and relief efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [movement control order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order "Malaysian movement control order") [Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Malaysia "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2023)") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Johor "COVID-19 pandemic in Johor") [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuala_Lumpur "COVID-19 pandemic in Kuala Lumpur") [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sabah "COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah") [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak "COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak") [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Selangor "COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor") \| \| [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines") \| timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2022)") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [community quarantines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines") [Luzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon "Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon") [evacuations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuations_by_the_Philippines_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Evacuations by the Philippines related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines") [Bangsamoro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangsamoro "COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro") [Bicol Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bicol_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Bicol Region") [Cagayan Valley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cagayan_Valley "COVID-19 pandemic in Cagayan Valley") [Calabarzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Calabarzon "COVID-19 pandemic in Calabarzon") [Caraga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Caraga "COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga") [Central Luzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Luzon "COVID-19 pandemic in Central Luzon") [Central Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Central Visayas") [Cordillera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cordillera_Administrative_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cordillera Administrative Region") [Davao Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Davao_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Davao Region") [Eastern Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eastern_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Visayas") [Ilocos Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Ilocos_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Ilocos Region") [Metro Manila](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Metro_Manila "COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila") [Mimaropa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mimaropa "COVID-19 pandemic in Mimaropa") [Northern Mindanao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Mindanao "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Mindanao") [Soccsksargen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Soccsksargen "COVID-19 pandemic in Soccsksargen") [Western Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Visayas") [Zamboanga Peninsula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zamboanga_Peninsula "COVID-19 pandemic in Zamboanga Peninsula") [Overseas Filipinos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_Filipinos_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Overseas Filipinos during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| West \| [Armenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Armenia "COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia") [Azerbaijan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Azerbaijan "COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan") [Artsakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Artsakh "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Artsakh") [Bahrain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bahrain "COVID-19 pandemic in Bahrain") [Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus") [Northern Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt "COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt") [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\(country\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (country)") [Abkhazia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Abkhazia "COVID-19 pandemic in Abkhazia") [South Ossetia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Ossetia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Ossetia") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iran "COVID-19 pandemic in Iran") [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iraq "COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq") [Kurdistan Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Kurdistan_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Kurdistan Region") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Israel "COVID-19 pandemic in Israel") [Jordan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jordan "COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan") [Kuwait](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuwait "COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait") [Lebanon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lebanon "COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon") [Oman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oman "COVID-19 pandemic in Oman") [Palestine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_State_of_Palestine "COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine") [Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Qatar "COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar") [Saudi Arabia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saudi_Arabia "COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_programme_in_Saudi_Arabia "COVID-19 vaccination programme in Saudi Arabia") [Syria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria "COVID-19 pandemic in Syria") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates") [Yemen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen "COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen") \| \| [Europe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe "COVID-19 pandemic in Europe") \| \| \| \| \| \| [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") \| \| \| \| \| \| [history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "History of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") timeline [January–June 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2020)") [July–December 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2020)") [January–June 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2021)") [July–December 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2021)") [January–June 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2022)") [July–December 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (2023)") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "United Kingdom responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Broadshare "Operation Broadshare") [Operation Rescript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Rescript "Operation Rescript") [contracts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controversies_regarding_COVID-19_contracts_in_the_United_Kingdom "Controversies regarding COVID-19 contracts in the United Kingdom") impact [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom") \| \| \| By location \| [England](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England "COVID-19 pandemic in England") timeline 2020 [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (January–June 2020)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (July–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2022)") [London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_London "COVID-19 pandemic in London") [local lockdown regulations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_local_lockdown_regulations_in_England "COVID-19 local lockdown regulations in England") [first tier regulations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_COVID-19_tier_regulations_in_England "First COVID-19 tier regulations in England") [Northern Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2022)") [Scotland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland "COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2022)") [Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales "COVID-19 pandemic in Wales") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)") [Crown Dependencies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Crown_Dependencies "COVID-19 pandemic in the Crown Dependencies") [Isle of Man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Isle_of_Man "COVID-19 pandemic in the Isle of Man") [Jersey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jersey "COVID-19 pandemic in Jersey") [Guernsey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guernsey "COVID-19 pandemic in Guernsey") [Overseas territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories") [Akrotiri and Dhekelia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia "COVID-19 pandemic in Akrotiri and Dhekelia") [British Indian Ocean Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Indian Ocean Territory") [Gibraltar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gibraltar "COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar") \| \| Eastern \| [Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus "COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2022)") [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan") [Moldova](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Moldova "COVID-19 pandemic in Moldova") [Gagauzia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gagauzia "COVID-19 pandemic in Gagauzia") [Transnistria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Transnistria "COVID-19 pandemic in Transnistria") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") timeline [January–June 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)") [July–December 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)") [government responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Russian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [political impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine "COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine") [Crimea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Crimea "COVID-19 pandemic in Crimea") [Sevastopol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sevastopol "COVID-19 pandemic in Sevastopol") \| \| Western Balkans \| [Albania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Albania "COVID-19 pandemic in Albania") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina "COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina") [Kosovo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kosovo "COVID-19 pandemic in Kosovo") [Montenegro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montenegro "COVID-19 pandemic in Montenegro") [North Macedonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Macedonia "COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia") [Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia "COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia") \| \| [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Austria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austria "COVID-19 pandemic in Austria") [Belgium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belgium "COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bulgaria "COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria") [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia "COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia") [Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus") [Northern Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus") [Czech Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Czech_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic") [Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Denmark "COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark") [Faroe Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Faroe_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Faroe Islands") [Estonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Estonia "COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia") [Finland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Finland "COVID-19 pandemic in Finland") [Åland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_%C3%85land "COVID-19 pandemic in Åland") [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France "COVID-19 pandemic in France") [Guadeloupe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe "COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe") [French Guiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana "COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana") [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union "COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion") [Martinique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique "COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique") [Mayotte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte "COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte") [Normandy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Normandy "COVID-19 pandemic in Normandy") [Saint Martin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin "COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany "COVID-19 pandemic in Germany") [North Rhine-Westphalia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Rhine-Westphalia "COVID-19 pandemic in North Rhine-Westphalia") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greece "COVID-19 pandemic in Greece") [Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hungary "COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2022)") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy "COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [Latvia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Latvia "COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia") [Lithuania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lithuania "COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania") [Luxembourg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Luxembourg "COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg") [Malta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malta "COVID-19 pandemic in Malta") [Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Dutch government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Poland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Poland "COVID-19 pandemic in Poland") [Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portugal "COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal") [Romania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania "COVID-19 pandemic in Romania") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania") [Slovakia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovakia "COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia") [Slovenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovenia "COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia") [Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain "COVID-19 pandemic in Spain") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain") [Asturias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asturias "COVID-19 pandemic in Asturias") [Canary Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands") [Ceuta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta "COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta") [Community of Madrid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Community_of_Madrid "COVID-19 pandemic in the Community of Madrid") [Melilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla") [Sweden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sweden "COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Swedish government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Operation Gloria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gloria "Operation Gloria") \| \| EFTA countries \| [Iceland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iceland "COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland") [Liechtenstein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liechtenstein "COVID-19 pandemic in Liechtenstein") [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norway "COVID-19 pandemic in Norway") [Svalbard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Svalbard "COVID-19 pandemic in Svalbard") [Switzerland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Switzerland "COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland") \| \| Microstates \| [Andorra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andorra "COVID-19 pandemic in Andorra") [Monaco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Monaco "COVID-19 pandemic in Monaco") [San Marino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_San_Marino "COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino") [Vatican City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vatican_City "COVID-19 pandemic in Vatican City") \| \| [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_America "COVID-19 pandemic in North America") \| \| \| \| \| \| Atlantic \| [Bermuda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bermuda "COVID-19 pandemic in Bermuda") [Greenland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greenland "COVID-19 pandemic in Greenland") [Saint Pierre and Miquelon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Pierre and Miquelon") \| \| Canada \| [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [federal aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_aid_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada "COVID-19 vaccination in Canada") [military response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Laser "Operation Laser") [Atlantic Bubble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Bubble "Atlantic Bubble") [Alberta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta "COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta") [British Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_British_Columbia "COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia") [Manitoba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manitoba "COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba") [New Brunswick](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Brunswick "COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick") [Newfoundland and Labrador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador "COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador") [Northwest Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northwest_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories") [Nova Scotia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nova_Scotia "COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia") [Nunavut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nunavut "COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut") [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario "COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2022)") [Ottawa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ottawa "COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa") [Peel Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_Peel "COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of Peel") [Toronto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Toronto "COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto") [York Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_York "COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of York") [Provincial government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario "Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario") [Vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario "COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario") [Prince Edward Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Prince_Edward_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island") [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec "COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec") [Montreal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montreal "COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal") [boroughs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boroughs_of_Montreal_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Boroughs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Saskatchewan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan "COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan") [Yukon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yukon "COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon") \| \| Caribbean \| \| \| \| \| \| Countries \| [Antigua and Barbuda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda "COVID-19 pandemic in Antigua and Barbuda") [Bahamas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bahamas "COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas") [Barbados](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Barbados "COVID-19 pandemic in Barbados") [Cuba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cuba "COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba") [Guantanamo Bay Naval Base](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base "COVID-19 pandemic in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base") [Dominica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dominica "COVID-19 pandemic in Dominica") [Dominican Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Dominican_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic") [Grenada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Grenada "COVID-19 pandemic in Grenada") [Haiti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti "COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti") [Jamaica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jamaica "COVID-19 pandemic in Jamaica") [Saint Kitts and Nevis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Kitts and Nevis") [Saint Lucia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Lucia "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Lucia") [Saint Vincent and the Grenadines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") [Trinidad and Tobago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago "COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago") \| \| [British Overseas Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories") \| [Anguilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Anguilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Anguilla") [British Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Virgin Islands") [Cayman Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cayman_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cayman Islands") [Montserrat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montserrat "COVID-19 pandemic in Montserrat") [Turks and Caicos Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Turks and Caicos Islands") [response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Broadshare "Operation Broadshare") \| \| \| \| \| [Aruba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Aruba "COVID-19 pandemic in Aruba") [Curaçao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cura%C3%A7ao "COVID-19 pandemic in Curaçao") [Sint Maarten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Maarten "COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Maarten") \| \| \| Caribbean Netherlands \| [Bonaire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bonaire "COVID-19 pandemic in Bonaire") [Saba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saba "COVID-19 pandemic in Saba") [Sint Eustatius](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Eustatius "COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Eustatius") \| \| French West Indies \| [Guadeloupe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe "COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe") [Martinique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique "COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique") [Saint Barthélemy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Barthélemy") [Saint Martin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin "COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin") \| \| US insular areas \| [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico "COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands") \| \| Central America \| [Belize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belize "COVID-19 pandemic in Belize") [Costa Rica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Costa_Rica "COVID-19 pandemic in Costa Rica") [El Salvador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_El_Salvador "COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador") [Guatemala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guatemala "COVID-19 pandemic in Guatemala") [Honduras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Honduras "COVID-19 pandemic in Honduras") [Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico "COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico "COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico") [Nicaragua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nicaragua "COVID-19 pandemic in Nicaragua") [Panama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Panama "COVID-19 pandemic in Panama") \| \| [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Trump administration communication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2021)") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [2021 hospital crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_hospital_crisis_in_the_U.S._from_COVID-19 "2021 hospital crisis in the U.S. from COVID-19") \| \| \| [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "United States responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [federal government](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [state and local governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state_and_local_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [California government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "California government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [New York government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_state_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "New York state government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Texas government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Texas government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Eastern States Multi-state Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_States_Multi-state_Council "Eastern States Multi-state Council") [Midwest Governors Regional Pact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwest_Governors_Regional_Pact "Midwest Governors Regional Pact") [Western States Pact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_States_Pact "Western States Pact") \| \| By location \| [Alabama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alabama "COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama") [Alaska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alaska "COVID-19 pandemic in Alaska") [American Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa") [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arizona "COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona") [Navajo Nation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Navajo_Nation "COVID-19 pandemic in the Navajo Nation") [Arkansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arkansas "COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas") [California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California "COVID-19 pandemic in California") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_California "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in California") [S.F. Bay Area](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area "COVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area") [Colorado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colorado "COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado") [Connecticut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Connecticut "COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut") [Delaware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delaware "COVID-19 pandemic in Delaware") [Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Florida "COVID-19 pandemic in Florida") [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\(U.S._state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)") [Guam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam "COVID-19 pandemic in Guam") [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii "COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii") [Idaho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Idaho "COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho") [Illinois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Illinois "COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois") [Indiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indiana "COVID-19 pandemic in Indiana") [Iowa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iowa "COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa") [Kansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kansas "COVID-19 pandemic in Kansas") [Kentucky](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kentucky "COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky") [Louisiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Louisiana "COVID-19 pandemic in Louisiana") [Maine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maine "COVID-19 pandemic in Maine") [Maryland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland "COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland") [Massachusetts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts "COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts") [Boston](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston "COVID-19 pandemic in Boston") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston") [Michigan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Michigan "COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan") [Minnesota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Minnesota "COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota") [Mississippi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mississippi "COVID-19 pandemic in Mississippi") [Missouri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Missouri "COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri") [Montana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montana "COVID-19 pandemic in Montana") [Nebraska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nebraska "COVID-19 pandemic in Nebraska") [Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada "COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada") [New Hampshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Hampshire "COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire") [New Jersey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Jersey "COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey") [New Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Mexico "COVID-19 pandemic in New Mexico") [New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)") [New York City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City "COVID-19 pandemic in New York City") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City") [North Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Carolina "COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina") [North Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Dakota "COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota") [Northern Mariana Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands") [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ohio "COVID-19 pandemic in Ohio") [Columbus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Columbus,_Ohio "COVID-19 pandemic in Columbus, Ohio") [Oklahoma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oklahoma "COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma") [Oregon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oregon "COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon") [Portland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portland,_Oregon "COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon") [Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pennsylvania "COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania") [Philadelphia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Philadelphia "COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia") [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico "COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico") [Rhode Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rhode_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island") [South Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Carolina "COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina") [South Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Dakota "COVID-19 pandemic in South Dakota") [Tennessee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tennessee "COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee") [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas "COVID-19 pandemic in Texas") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas") [Austin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austin,_Texas "COVID-19 pandemic in Austin, Texas") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands") [Utah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Utah "COVID-19 pandemic in Utah") [Vermont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vermont "COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont") [Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia "COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia") [Washington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)") [Washington, D.C.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C. "COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.") [White House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak "White House COVID-19 outbreak") [West Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Virginia "COVID-19 pandemic in West Virginia") [Wisconsin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wisconsin "COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin") [Wyoming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wyoming "COVID-19 pandemic in Wyoming") \| \| [Oceania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oceania "COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania") \| \| \| \| \| \| [American Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa") [Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cook_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cook Islands") [Easter Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island") [Federated States of Micronesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia "COVID-19 pandemic in the Federated States of Micronesia") [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Fiji "COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji") [French Polynesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Polynesia "COVID-19 pandemic in French Polynesia") [Guam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam "COVID-19 pandemic in Guam") [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii "COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii") [Kiribati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kiribati "COVID-19 pandemic in Kiribati") [Marshall Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Marshall_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Marshall Islands") [Nauru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nauru "COVID-19 pandemic in Nauru") [New Caledonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Caledonia "COVID-19 pandemic in New Caledonia") [Niue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niue "COVID-19 pandemic in Niue") [Northern Mariana Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands") [Palau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Palau "COVID-19 pandemic in Palau") [Papua New Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Papua_New_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea") [Bougainville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Autonomous_Region_of_Bougainville "COVID-19 pandemic in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville") [Pitcairn Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Pitcairn Islands") [Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in Samoa") [Solomon Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Solomon_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Solomon Islands") [Tokelau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokelau "COVID-19 pandemic in Tokelau") [Tonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tonga "COVID-19 pandemic in Tonga") [Tuvalu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tuvalu "COVID-19 pandemic in Tuvalu") [Vanuatu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vanuatu "COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu") [Wallis and Futuna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wallis_and_Futuna "COVID-19 pandemic in Wallis and Futuna") \| \| \| [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in Australia") \| timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2020)") 2021 [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (July–December 2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2022)") [Australian Capital Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory") [Christmas Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Christmas_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Christmas Island") [Cocos (Keeling) Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cocos_\(Keeling\)_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands") [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_South_Wales "COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales") [Norfolk Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norfolk_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Norfolk Island") [Northern Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Territory") [Queensland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Queensland "COVID-19 pandemic in Queensland") [South Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Australia") [Tasmania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tasmania "COVID-19 pandemic in Tasmania") [Victoria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Victoria "COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria") [Western Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia") \| \| [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") \| timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2023)") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "New Zealand government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Alert levels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_alert_levels_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 alert levels in New Zealand") [Traffic light system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Protection_Framework "COVID-19 Protection Framework") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [managed isolation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand") \| \| [South America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_America "COVID-19 pandemic in South America") \| [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina "COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina") [human rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina") [Bolivia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bolivia "COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia") [Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil "COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil") [São Paulo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo (state)") [Chile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile "COVID-19 pandemic in Chile") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile") [Easter Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island") [Colombia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia "COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia") [Ecuador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ecuador "COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador") [Falkland Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Falkland_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Falkland Islands") [French Guiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana "COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana") [Guyana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guyana "COVID-19 pandemic in Guyana") [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Paraguay "COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay") [Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru "COVID-19 pandemic in Peru") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru") [Cusco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cusco "COVID-19 pandemic in Cusco") [Suriname](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Suriname "COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname") [Uruguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uruguay "COVID-19 pandemic in Uruguay") [Venezuela](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela "COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela") \| \| Others \| [Antarctica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica "COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica") [Cruise ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_cruise_ships "COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships") [Diamond Princess](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Diamond_Princess "COVID-19 pandemic on Diamond Princess") [Grand Princess](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Grand_Princess "COVID-19 pandemic on Grand Princess") [Naval ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_naval_ships "COVID-19 pandemic on naval ships") [Charles de Gaulle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Charles_de_Gaulle "COVID-19 pandemic on Charles de Gaulle") [USS Theodore Roosevelt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_USS_Theodore_Roosevelt "COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt") \| \| [Impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| \| \| \| Culture and entertainment \| \| \| \| \| \| [Arts and cultural heritage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_arts_and_cultural_heritage "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage") \| [References in popular culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_popular_culture "COVID-19 pandemic in popular culture") [Cinema](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cinema "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema") [films affected](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of films impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Corona-chan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona-chan "Corona-chan") [Disney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Walt_Disney_Company "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Walt Disney Company") [Fashion industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fashion industry") [Music industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_music_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the music industry") [Performing arts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_performing_arts "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performing arts") [Television](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television") [U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States") [U.S. sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_American_sports_broadcasting "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on American sports broadcasting") [programs affected](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_American_television_series_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of American television series impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Video games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_video_game_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry") \| \| [Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Female education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_female_education "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female education") [Homeschooling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| By country \| [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the Republic of Ireland") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom") [exam grading controversy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_Kingdom_school_exam_grading_controversy "2020 United Kingdom school exam grading controversy") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United States") \| \| [Sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Bio-secure bubble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-secure_bubble "Bio-secure bubble") \| \| \| By country \| [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports in the Republic of Ireland") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Philippine_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Philippine sports") \| \| By sport \| [Association football](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_association_football "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football") [Baseball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_baseball "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on baseball") [Basketball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_basketball "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on basketball") [NBA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_of_the_2019%E2%80%9320_NBA_season "Suspension of the 2019–20 NBA season") [Combat sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_combat_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on combat sports") [Cricket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cricket "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cricket") [Disc golf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_disc_golf "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disc golf") [Gaelic games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Gaelic_games "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games") [Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_gridiron_football "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gridiron football") [Ice hockey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ice_hockey "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ice hockey") [Motorsport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_motorsport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorsport") [Rugby league](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_rugby_league "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rugby league") \| \| Society and rights \| \| \| \| \| \| [Social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Social media](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_social_media "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media") [Stigma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_stigma_associated_with_COVID-19 "Social stigma associated with COVID-19") [Children](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_children "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children") [foster care in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_foster_care_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foster care in the United States") [Pandemic baking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic_baking "Pandemic baking") \| \| Labor \| [Healthcare workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_healthcare_workers "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers") [Indian migrant workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Great Resignation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Resignation "Great Resignation") [Strikes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| [Human rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_issues_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Human rights issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina") [Myanmar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat "2021 Myanmar coup d'état") \| \| Legal \| [Abortion in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_abortion_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion in the United States") [Crime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_crime "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime") [Domestic violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_domestic_violence "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence") [Prisons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_prisons "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prisons") [U.S. immigration detention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_U.S._immigration_detention "COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. immigration detention") \| \| Minority \| [Gender](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendered_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Gendered impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") [LGBT community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_LGBT_community "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the LGBT community") [African communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_African_communities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African communities") [Indian migrant workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Indian_migrant_workers "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indian migrant workers") [Disability community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_people_with_disabilities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities") [Native American communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Native_American_tribes_and_tribal_communities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Native American tribes and tribal communities") [Xenophobia and racism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| [Religion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_religion "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion") \| [Catholic Church](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church") [Hajj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Hajj "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hajj") \| \| [Economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Charitable activity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charitable_activities_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Charitable activities related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [COVID-19 scams](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_scams "COVID-19 scams") [Travel restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Travel during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| By country \| [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Pandemic_Unemployment_Payment "COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [U.K.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") \| \| By industry \| [Aviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_commercial_air_transport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air transport") [Airlines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airlines_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of airlines impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Cannabis industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_cannabis_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry") [Food industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_food_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food industry") [meat industry in Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada") [meat industry in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States") [restaurant industry in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_restaurant_industry_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States") [Hospitals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_hospitals "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitals") [ICU capacity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ICU_capacity "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ICU capacity") [Long-term care facilities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_long-term_care_facilities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term care facilities") [Mink farming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Public transport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_public_transport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport") [Retail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail") [Tourism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_tourism "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism") \| \| Supply and trade \| [Shortages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Chip supply](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_global_chip_shortage "2020–2023 global chip shortage") [Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_energy_crisis "2021–2023 global energy crisis") [Global supply chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_supply_chain_crisis "2021–2023 global supply chain crisis") [Oil price war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war "2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war") [Food security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_security_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| [Financial markets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Financial market impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Global stock market crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_stock_market_crash "2020 stock market crash") [COVID-19 recession](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_recession "COVID-19 recession") [Inflation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_inflation_surge "2021–2022 inflation surge") \| \| Information \| \| \| \| \| \| [Journalism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_journalism "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on journalism") [Media coverage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic") [Wikipedia's response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Wikipedia and the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| [Misinformation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation "COVID-19 misinformation") \| [Governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_governments "COVID-19 misinformation by governments") [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_China "COVID-19 misinformation by China") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_the_United_States "COVID-19 misinformation by the United States") By country [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_Canada "COVID-19 misinformation in Canada") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 misinformation in the Philippines") [Ivermectin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivermectin_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Plandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plandemic "Plandemic") \| \| [Politics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| \| \| \| [National responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Legislation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_pandemic_legislation "List of COVID-19 pandemic legislation") [List of political officials who have tested positive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_officials_who_have_tested_positive_for_COVID-19 "List of political officials who have tested positive for COVID-19") [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| \| [Political impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in the Republic of Ireland") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") \| \| [Protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Abkhazia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Abkhazia_unrest "2021 Abkhazia unrest") [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17A "17A") [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Australia "COVID-19 protests in Australia") [Convoy to Canberra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoy_to_Canberra "Convoy to Canberra") [Azerbaijan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Azerbaijani_protests "2020 Azerbaijani protests") [Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Belarusian_protests "2020–2021 Belarusian protests") [Belgium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Brussels_protests "2022 Brussels protests") [2020 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Brazilian_protests "2020 Brazilian protests") [2021 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Brazilian_protests "2021 Brazilian protests") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Bulgarian_protests "2020–2021 Bulgarian protests") [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada "COVID-19 protests in Canada") [convoy protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_convoy_protest "Canada convoy protest") [Chile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%E2%80%932022_Chilean_protests "2019–2022 Chilean protests") [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_COVID-19_protests_in_China "2022 COVID-19 protests in China") [Beijing Sitong Bridge protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Beijing_Sitong_Bridge_protest "2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest") [healthcare reform protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Chinese_healthcare_reform_protests "2023 Chinese healthcare reform protests") [2021 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Colombian_protests "2021 Colombian protests") [2022 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Colombian_protests "2022 Colombian protests") [Cuba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Cuban_protests "2021 Cuban protests") [Yellow vests protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests "Yellow vests protests") [labor protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_French_labor_protests "2021 French labor protests") [French West Indies social unrest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_social_unrest_in_the_French_West_Indies "2021–2022 social unrest in the French West Indies") [convoy protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France_convoy_protest "France convoy protest") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Germany "COVID-19 protests in Germany") [Idar-Oberstein shooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Idar-Oberstein_shooting "2021 Idar-Oberstein shooting") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Greek_protests "2021 Greek protests") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Israel "COVID-19 protests in Israel") [protests against Benjamin Netanyahu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_protests_against_Benjamin_Netanyahu "2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_over_COVID-19_policies_in_Italy "Protests over COVID-19 policies in Italy") [Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Mongolian_protests "2021 Mongolian protests") [Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_Netherlands "COVID-19 protests in the Netherlands") [curfew riots](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Dutch_curfew_riots "2021 Dutch curfew riots") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 protests in New Zealand") [Wellington protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest "2022 Wellington protest") [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Paraguayan_protests "2021 Paraguayan protests") [Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Serbian_protests "2020–2022 Serbian protests") [Tunisia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Tunisian_protests "2021 Tunisian protests") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 protests in the United Kingdom") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 protests in the United States") [Open the States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_the_States "Open the States") \| \| [International relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_international_relations "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international relations") \| [Aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "International reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [Moldovan–Romanian collaboration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldovan%E2%80%93Romanian_collaboration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Moldovan–Romanian collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan "Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan") [Vaccine diplomacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_diplomacy "Vaccine diplomacy") \| \| [Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Glossary of the COVID-19 pandemic") \| [Anthropause](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropause "Anthropause") [Doomscrolling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomscrolling "Doomscrolling") [Flattening the curve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flattening_the_curve "Flattening the curve") [Green recovery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_recovery "Green recovery") [Long COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_COVID "Long COVID") [Social distancing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_distancing "Social distancing") [Superspreader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreading_event "Superspreading event") [Twindemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twindemic "Twindemic") [Zero-COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-COVID "Zero-COVID") [Zoom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_\(software\) "Zoom (software)") [Zoom towns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_town "Zoom town") \| \| Others \| [Animals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_and_animals "COVID-19 pandemic and animals") [Cluster 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Environment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_environment "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment") [Military](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_military "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the military") [Pregnant women](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_pregnant_women "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women") [Science and technology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_science_and_technology "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on science and technology") \| \| Health issues \| \| \| \| \| \| Medical topics \| [Transmission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_of_COVID-19 "Transmission of COVID-19") [Symptoms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptoms_of_COVID-19 "Symptoms of COVID-19") [Cancer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_and_cancer "COVID-19 and cancer") [Endemic COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_COVID-19 "Endemic COVID-19") [Skin manifestations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_manifestations_of_COVID-19 "Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19") [Long COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_COVID "Long COVID") [Mental health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic") [neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_neurological,_psychological_and_other_mental_health_outcomes "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes") [Pregnancy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_in_pregnancy "COVID-19 in pregnancy") [Non-COVID-19–related health issues](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_other_health_issues "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on other health issues") [Shortages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Rehabilitation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehabilitation_after_COVID-19 "Rehabilitation after COVID-19") [Unproven medical methods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unproven_methods_against_COVID-19 "List of unproven methods against COVID-19") \| \| Testing and epidemiology \| \| \| \| \| \| [Datasets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_datasets "COVID-19 datasets") [Death rates by country](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_death_rates_by_country "COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country") [Disease testing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_testing "COVID-19 testing") [Breathalyzer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_breathalyzer "Coronavirus breathalyzer") [Operation Moonshot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Moonshot "Operation Moonshot") [Test to Release](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_to_Release "Test to Release") [UK Rapid Test Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Rapid_Test_Consortium "UK Rapid Test Consortium") [AbC-19 rapid antibody test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AbC-19_rapid_antibody_test "AbC-19 rapid antibody test") [investigations into the origins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigations_into_the_origin_of_COVID-19 "Investigations into the origin of COVID-19") [lab leak theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory "COVID-19 lab leak theory") [Rapid antigen test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_rapid_antigen_test "COVID-19 rapid antigen test") [Software](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_for_COVID-19_pandemic_mitigation "Software for COVID-19 pandemic mitigation") [Surveillance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_surveillance "COVID-19 surveillance") [Undercounting COVID-19 deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undercounting_of_COVID-19_pandemic_deaths_by_country "Undercounting of COVID-19 pandemic deaths by country") \| \| \| [Apps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_apps "COVID-19 apps") \| [Aarogya Setu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarogya_Setu "Aarogya Setu") [BlueTrace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlueTrace "BlueTrace") [careFIJI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CareFIJI "CareFIJI") [Coronavirus Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_Australia "Coronavirus Australia") [Corona-Warn-App](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona-Warn-App "Corona-Warn-App") [COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Contact-Confirming_Application "COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application") [COVID Alert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID_Alert "COVID Alert") (Canada) [COVIDSafe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVIDSafe "COVIDSafe") [COVID Tracker Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID_Tracker_Ireland "COVID Tracker Ireland") [Covid Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covid_Watch "Covid Watch") [Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_Privacy-Preserving_Proximity_Tracing "Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing") [Exposure Notification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_Notification "Exposure Notification") [Health Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Code "Health Code") [Healthy Together](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthy_Together "Healthy Together") [Immuni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immuni "Immuni") [Koronavilkku](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koronavilkku "Koronavilkku") [LeaveHomeSafe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeaveHomeSafe "LeaveHomeSafe") [MySejahtera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySejahtera "MySejahtera") [NHS COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_COVID-19 "NHS COVID-19") [NZ COVID Tracer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZ_COVID_Tracer "NZ COVID Tracer") [NZ Pass Verifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZ_Pass_Verifier "NZ Pass Verifier") [PathCheck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PathCheck "PathCheck") [PeduliLindungi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PeduliLindungi "PeduliLindungi") [SafeEntry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafeEntry "SafeEntry") [SafePass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafePass "SafePass") [StaySafe.ph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StaySafe.ph "StaySafe.ph") [SwissCovid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SwissCovid "SwissCovid") [TCN Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCN_Protocol "TCN Protocol") [Test, Trace, Protect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test,_Trace,_Protect "Test, Trace, Protect") [Thai Chana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_Chana "Thai Chana") [TousAntiCovid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TousAntiCovid "TousAntiCovid") [TraceTogether](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TraceTogether "TraceTogether") [Valtrace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtrace "Valtrace") [Zoe Health Study](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe_Health_Study "Zoe Health Study") \| \| Prevention \| [Air purifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_purifier "Air purifier") ([Corsi–Rosenthal Box](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsi%E2%80%93Rosenthal_Box "Corsi–Rosenthal Box")) [Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroquine_and_hydroxychloroquine_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Evacuations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuations_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Face masks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Anti-mask sentiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-mask_sentiment "Anti-mask sentiment") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [Flattening the curve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flattening_the_curve "Flattening the curve") [Great Barrington Declaration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrington_Declaration "Great Barrington Declaration") [International aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns") [Public health mitigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_mitigation_of_COVID-19 "Public health mitigation of COVID-19") [Safe Hands Challenge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe_Hands_Challenge "Safe Hands Challenge") [Social distancing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_distancing_measures_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Workplace hazard controls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_hazard_controls_for_COVID-19 "Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19") [Zero-COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-COVID "Zero-COVID") \| \| [Vaccines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine "COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| \| \| \| \| Topics \| [Authorizations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations "List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations") [Clinical research](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research "COVID-19 vaccine clinical research") [Deployment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines "Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines") [Development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_COVID-19_vaccine_development "History of COVID-19 vaccine development") [EU Certificate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_Digital_COVID_Certificate "EU Digital COVID Certificate") [Misinformation and hesitancy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_misinformation_and_hesitancy "COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy") [Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_of_anti-vaccine_advocates_from_COVID-19 "Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates from COVID-19") [US](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_hesitancy_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States") [Operation Warp Speed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed "Operation Warp Speed") (U.S.) [Post-vaccination complications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embolic_and_thrombotic_events_after_COVID-19_vaccination "Embolic and thrombotic events after COVID-19 vaccination") [Vaccine card](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_card "COVID-19 vaccine card") [Vaccine passports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| Authorized \| \| \| \| \| \| [DNA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_vaccine "DNA vaccine") \| [ZyCoV-D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZyCoV-D "ZyCoV-D") \| \| [Inactivated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inactivated_vaccine "Inactivated vaccine") \| [Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences_COVID-19_vaccine "Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine") [CoronaVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoronaVac "CoronaVac") [Covaxin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covaxin "Covaxin") [COVIran Barekat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVIran_Barekat "COVIran Barekat") [CoviVac (Russia)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoviVac_\(Russia_COVID-19_vaccine\) "CoviVac (Russia COVID-19 vaccine)") [FAKHRAVAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAKHRAVAC "FAKHRAVAC") [Minhai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minhai_COVID-19_vaccine "Minhai COVID-19 vaccine") [QazCovid-in](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QazCovid-in "QazCovid-in") [Sinopharm BIBP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_BIBP_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine") [Sinopharm WIBP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_WIBP_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine") [Turkovac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkovac "Turkovac") [Valneva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valneva_COVID-19_vaccine "Valneva COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| [mRNA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA_vaccine "MRNA vaccine") \| [Moderna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine "Moderna COVID-19 vaccine") [Pfizer–BioNTech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine "Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| [Subunit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subunit_vaccine "Subunit vaccine") \| [Abdala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdala_\(vaccine\) "Abdala (vaccine)") [Corbevax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbevax "Corbevax") (Bio E COVID-19) [COVAX-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVAX-19 "COVAX-19") [EpiVacCorona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EpiVacCorona "EpiVacCorona") [IndoVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IndoVac "IndoVac") [MVC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC_COVID-19_vaccine "MVC COVID-19 vaccine") [Noora](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noora_\(vaccine\) "Noora (vaccine)") [Novavax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novavax_COVID-19_vaccine "Novavax COVID-19 vaccine") [Razi Cov Pars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razi_Cov_Pars "Razi Cov Pars") [Sinopharm CNBG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_CNBG_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine") [Soberana 02](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soberana_02 "Soberana 02") [Soberana Plus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soberana_Plus "Soberana Plus") [ZF2001](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZF2001 "ZF2001") (Zifivax) \| \| [Viral vector](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_vector_vaccine "Viral vector vaccine") \| [Convidecia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convidecia "Convidecia") [Janssen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine "Janssen COVID-19 vaccine") [Oxford–AstraZeneca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine "Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine") [Sputnik V](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine "Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine") [Sputnik Light](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_Light "Sputnik Light") \| \| [Virus-like particles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus-like_particle "Virus-like particle") \| [CoVLP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoVLP "CoVLP") \| \| In trials \| \| \| \| \| \| [Attenuated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuated_vaccine "Attenuated vaccine") \| [COVI-VAC (United States)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVI-VAC_\(U.S._COVID-19_vaccine\) "COVI-VAC (U.S. COVID-19 vaccine)") \| \| DNA \| [AG0302-COVID‑19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AG0302-COVID%E2%80%9119 "AG0302-COVID‑19") [GX-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GX-19 "GX-19") [Inovio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inovio_COVID-19_vaccine "Inovio COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| Inactivated \| [KD-414](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KD-414 "KD-414") [NDV-HXP-S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDV-HXP-S "NDV-HXP-S") \| \| RNA \| [ARCT-021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARCT-021 "ARCT-021") [ARCT-154](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARCT-154 "ARCT-154") [Bangavax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangavax "Bangavax") [CureVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CureVac_COVID-19_vaccine "CureVac COVID-19 vaccine") (terminated) [HGC019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HGC019 "HGC019") [mRNA-1283](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA-1283 "MRNA-1283") [PTX-COVID19-B](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTX-COVID19-B "PTX-COVID19-B") [Sanofi–Translate Bio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93Translate_Bio_COVID-19_vaccine "Sanofi–Translate Bio COVID-19 vaccine") (terminated) [Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemirna_COVID-19_vaccine "Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine") [Walvax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walvax_COVID-19_vaccine "Walvax COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| Subunit \| [202-CoV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/202-CoV "202-CoV") [AKS-452](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKS-452 "AKS-452") [EuCorVac-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EuCorVac-19 "EuCorVac-19") [IVX-411](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IVX-411 "IVX-411") [Nanocovax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocovax "Nanocovax") [ReCOV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReCOV "ReCOV") [Sanofi–GSK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93GSK_COVID-19_vaccine "Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine") [S-268019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-268019 "S-268019") [SCB-2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCB-2019 "SCB-2019") [SCTV01C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCTV01C "SCTV01C") [Skycovione](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skycovione "Skycovione") [UB-612](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UB-612 "UB-612") [V-01](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-01 "V-01") [V451](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V451_vaccine "V451 vaccine") (terminated) [Vabiotech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabiotech_COVID-19_vaccine "Vabiotech COVID-19 vaccine") [West China Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_China_Hospital_COVID-19_vaccine "West China Hospital COVID-19 vaccine") [Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZF2001 "ZF2001") \| \| Viral vector \| [AdCLD-CoV19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdCLD-CoV19 "AdCLD-CoV19") [BriLife](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BriLife "BriLife") [COH04S1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COH04S1 "COH04S1") [DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT "DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT") [GRAd-COV2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRAd-COV2 "GRAd-COV2") [ImmunityBio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImmunityBio_COVID-19_vaccine "ImmunityBio COVID-19 vaccine") [iNCOVACC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INCOVACC "INCOVACC") [INNA-051](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INNA-051 "INNA-051") [NDV-HXP-S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDV-HXP-S "NDV-HXP-S") [Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaxart_COVID-19_vaccine "Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine") \| \| [Virus-like particles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus-like_particle "Virus-like particle") \| [ABNCoV2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABNCoV2 "ABNCoV2") [LYB001](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LYB001 "LYB001") [MigVax-101](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MigVax-101 "MigVax-101") [VBI-2902](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBI-2902 "VBI-2902") \| \| [Deployment by location](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines "Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in Africa") \| [Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Algeria "COVID-19 vaccination in Algeria") [Angola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Angola "COVID-19 vaccination in Angola") [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Botswana "COVID-19 vaccination in Botswana") [Burkina Faso](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burkina_Faso "COVID-19 vaccination in Burkina Faso") [Burundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burundi "COVID-19 vaccination in Burundi") [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon") [Cape Verde](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cape_Verde "COVID-19 vaccination in Cape Verde") [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon") [Chad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Chad "COVID-19 vaccination in Chad") [Comoros](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Comoros "COVID-19 vaccination in the Comoros") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo") [Djibouti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Djibouti "COVID-19 vaccination in Djibouti") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Egypt "COVID-19 vaccination in Egypt") [Equatorial Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Equatorial_Guinea "COVID-19 vaccination in Equatorial Guinea") [Eswatini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Eswatini "COVID-19 vaccination in Eswatini") [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ghana "COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana") [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Morocco "COVID-19 vaccination in Morocco") [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nigeria "COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria") [Senegal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Senegal "COVID-19 vaccination in Senegal") [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa") [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Zimbabwe "COVID-19 vaccination in Zimbabwe") \| \| Asia \| [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bangladesh "COVID-19 vaccination in Bangladesh") [Bhutan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bhutan "COVID-19 vaccination in Bhutan") [Mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India "COVID-19 vaccination in India") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Indonesia "COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iran "COVID-19 vaccination in Iran") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Israel "COVID-19 vaccination in Israel") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Japan "COVID-19 vaccination in Japan") [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 vaccination in Kazakhstan") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nepal "COVID-19 vaccination in Nepal") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia "COVID-19 vaccination in Russia") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore "COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Korea "COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea") [Sri Lanka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sri_Lanka "COVID-19 vaccination in Sri Lanka") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Taiwan "COVID-19 vaccination in Taiwan") [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand "COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Turkey "COVID-19 vaccination in Turkey") [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "COVID-19 vaccination in the United Arab Emirates") [Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Vietnam "COVID-19 vaccination in Vietnam") \| \| Europe \| [Albania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Albania "COVID-19 vaccination in Albania") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina "COVID-19 vaccination in Bosnia and Herzegovina") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bulgaria "COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria") [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Croatia "COVID-19 vaccination in Croatia") [Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Denmark "COVID-19 vaccination in Denmark") [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_France "COVID-19 vaccination in France") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Germany "COVID-19 vaccination in Germany") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Greece "COVID-19 vaccination in Greece") [Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Hungary "COVID-19 vaccination in Hungary") [Iceland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iceland "COVID-19 vaccination in Iceland") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Italy "COVID-19 vaccination in Italy") [Moldova](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Moldova "COVID-19 vaccination in Moldova") [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Norway "COVID-19 vaccination in Norway") [Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Portugal "COVID-19 vaccination in Portugal") [Romania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Romania "COVID-19 vaccination in Romania") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia "COVID-19 vaccination in Russia") [Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Spain "COVID-19 vaccination in Spain") [Sweden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sweden "COVID-19 vaccination in Sweden") [Switzerland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Switzerland "COVID-19 vaccination in Switzerland") [Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ukraine "COVID-19 vaccination in Ukraine") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom") \| \| North America \| [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada "COVID-19 vaccination in Canada") [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario "COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario") [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec "COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec") [Haiti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Haiti "COVID-19 vaccination in Haiti") [Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico "COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccination in the United States") [mandates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the United States") \| \| Oceania \| [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Australia "COVID-19 vaccination in Australia") [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Fiji "COVID-19 vaccination in Fiji") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 vaccination in New Zealand") \| \| South America \| [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Argentina "COVID-19 vaccination in Argentina") [Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Brazil "COVID-19 vaccination in Brazil") [Colombia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Colombia "COVID-19 vaccination in Colombia") [Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Peru "COVID-19 vaccination in Peru") \| \| Others \| \| \| [Treatment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatment_and_management_of_COVID-19 "Treatment and management of COVID-19") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Drug development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_drug_development "COVID-19 drug development") [Drug repurposing research](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_drug_repurposing_research "COVID-19 drug repurposing research") [Baricitinib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baricitinib "Baricitinib") [PANORAMIC trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANORAMIC_trial "PANORAMIC trial") (UK) [RECOVERY Trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RECOVERY_Trial "RECOVERY Trial") (UK) [Solidarity trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity_trial "Solidarity trial") (WHO) \| \| \| [Monoclonal antibodies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody "Monoclonal antibody") \| [Bamlanivimab/etesevimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamlanivimab/etesevimab "Bamlanivimab/etesevimab") [Bamlanivimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamlanivimab "Bamlanivimab") Etesevimab [Bebtelovimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebtelovimab "Bebtelovimab") [Casirivimab/imdevimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casirivimab/imdevimab "Casirivimab/imdevimab") [Regdanvimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regdanvimab "Regdanvimab") [Sarilumab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarilumab "Sarilumab") [Sotrovimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotrovimab "Sotrovimab") [Tixagevimab/cilgavimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tixagevimab/cilgavimab "Tixagevimab/cilgavimab") [Tocilizumab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocilizumab "Tocilizumab") \| \| [Small molecule antivirals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiviral_drug "Antiviral drug") \| [Broad-spectrum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad-spectrum_antiviral_drug "Broad-spectrum antiviral drug") [Ensitrelvir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensitrelvir "Ensitrelvir") [Molnupiravir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molnupiravir "Molnupiravir") Co-packaged [Nirmatrelvir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirmatrelvir "Nirmatrelvir") [ritonavir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir "Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir") \| \| [Variants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2 "Variants of SARS-CoV-2") \| \| \| \| \| \| Specific \| [Alpha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Alpha_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant") [Beta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Beta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant") [Gamma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Gamma_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant") [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant") [Epsilon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Epsilon_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Epsilon variant") [Zeta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Zeta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant") [Eta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Eta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Eta variant") [Theta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Theta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Theta variant") [Iota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Iota_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant") [Kappa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Kappa_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Kappa variant") [Lambda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Lambda_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant") [Mu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Mu_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant") [Omicron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") [timeline]() \| \| General \| [Cluster 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Lineage B.1.617](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_lineage_B.1.617 "SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.617") [Variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_variant_of_concern "SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern") \| \| Institutions \| \| \| \| \| \| Hospitals and medical clinics \| \| \| \| \| \| Mainland China \| [Central Hospital of Wuhan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Hospital_of_Wuhan "Central Hospital of Wuhan") [Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabie_Mountain_Regional_Medical_Centre "Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre") [Fangcang hospitals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangcang_hospital "Fangcang hospital") [Huoshenshan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huoshenshan_Hospital "Huoshenshan Hospital") [Leishenshan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leishenshan_Hospital "Leishenshan Hospital") [Xinjia Express Hotel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collapse_of_Xinjia_Express_Hotel "Collapse of Xinjia Express Hotel") [Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Jinyintan_Hospital "Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital") \| \| Others \| [Hospital ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_ships_designated_for_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Hospital ships designated for the COVID-19 pandemic") [Garran Surge Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garran_Surge_Centre "Garran Surge Centre") (Australia) [Hospital El Salvador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_El_Salvador "Hospital El Salvador") [Kemayoran Athletes Village](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemayoran_Athletes_Village "Kemayoran Athletes Village") (Indonesia) [Pyongyang General Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyongyang_General_Hospital "Pyongyang General Hospital") (North Korea) [Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Agro_Exposition_Park_Serdang "Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang") (Malaysia) [Mega Ligtas COVID Centers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega_Ligtas_COVID_Centers "Mega Ligtas COVID Centers") (Philippines) [Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandakadu_Treatment_and_Rehabilitation_Centre "Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre") (Sri Lanka) [Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancaktepe_Prof._Dr._Feriha_%C3%96z_Emergency_Hospital "Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital") (Turkey) [Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filk%C3%B6y_Prof._Dr._Murat_Dilmener_Emergency_Hospital "Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital") (Turkey) [COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_hospitals_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom") [Birmingham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Birmingham "NHS Nightingale Hospital Birmingham") [London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_London "NHS Nightingale Hospital London") [North East](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_East "NHS Nightingale Hospital North East") [North West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_West "NHS Nightingale Hospital North West") [Yorkshire and the Humber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Yorkshire_and_the_Humber "NHS Nightingale Hospital Yorkshire and the Humber") [NHS Louisa Jordan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Louisa_Jordan "NHS Louisa Jordan") (Scotland) [Dragon's Heart Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon%27s_Heart_Hospital "Dragon's Heart Hospital") (Wales) \| \| Organizations \| \| \| \| \| \| [National Cabinet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cabinet_\(Australia\) "National Cabinet (Australia)") (Australia) [ScienceUpFirst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ScienceUpFirst "ScienceUpFirst") (Canada) [Wuhan Institute of Virology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Institute_of_Virology "Wuhan Institute of Virology") (China) [Independent SAGE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_SAGE "Independent SAGE") (United Kingdom) \| \| \| Health institutes \| [Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention "Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention") (African Union) [Ghana Infectious Disease Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Infectious_Disease_Centre "Ghana Infectious Disease Centre") (Ghana) [Department of Health (Hong Kong)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Health_\(Hong_Kong\) "Department of Health (Hong Kong)") [Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Disease_Control_and_Prevention_Agency "Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency") (South Korea) [National Institute for Communicable Diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_for_Communicable_Diseases "National Institute for Communicable Diseases") (South Africa) [Taiwan Centers for Disease Control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Centers_for_Disease_Control "Taiwan Centers for Disease Control") (Taiwan) \| \| Pandemic institutes \| [National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_COVID-19_Commission_Advisory_Board "National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board") (Australia) [COVID-19 Immunity Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Immunity_Task_Force "COVID-19 Immunity Task Force") (Canada) [COVID-19 Supply Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Supply_Council "COVID-19 Supply Council") (Canada) [PREPARE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PREPARE "PREPARE") (European Union) [National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Expert_Group_on_Vaccine_Administration_for_COVID-19 "National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19") (India) [COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Response_Acceleration_Task_Force "COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force") (Indonesia) [National Public Health Emergency Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Public_Health_Emergency_Team_\(2020\) "National Public Health Emergency Team (2020)") (Ireland) [Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel_Coronavirus_Expert_Meeting "Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting") (Japan) [Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_Preparedness_and_Response_Centre "Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre") (Malaysia) [Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee "Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee") (Philippines) [Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Agency_Task_Force_for_the_Management_of_Emerging_Infectious_Diseases "Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases") (Philippines) [Central Epidemic Command Center](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Epidemic_Command_Center "Central Epidemic Command Center") (Taiwan) [Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_Scientific_Advisory_Board "Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board") (Turkey) [COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Genomics_UK_Consortium "COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium") (United Kingdom) [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team "Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team") (United Kingdom) [Joint Biosecurity Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Biosecurity_Centre "Joint Biosecurity Centre") (United Kingdom) [Vaccine Taskforce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_Taskforce "Vaccine Taskforce") (United Kingdom) [COVID-19 Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Advisory_Board "COVID-19 Advisory Board") (United States) [Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_American_Economic_Revival_Industry_Groups "Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups") (United States) [White House Coronavirus Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force "White House Coronavirus Task Force") (United States) [White House COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_Response_Team "White House COVID-19 Response Team") (United States) [GACH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GACH "GACH") (Uruguay) \| \| Relief funds \| [PM CARES Fund](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund "PM CARES Fund") (India) [Artist Relief](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artist_Relief "Artist Relief") (United States) \| \| People \| \| \| \| \| \| Medical professionals \| [Ai Fen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai_Fen "Ai Fen") [Corona Rintawan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_Rintawan "Corona Rintawan") [Li Wenliang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Wenliang "Li Wenliang") [Liu Wen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Wen_\(doctor\) "Liu Wen (doctor)") [Xie Linka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xie_Linka "Xie Linka") [Zhang Wenhong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Wenhong "Zhang Wenhong") \| \| [Researchers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Coronavirus_researchers "Category:Coronavirus researchers") \| [Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awang_Bulgiba_Awang_Mahmud "Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud") [Roberto Burioni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Burioni "Roberto Burioni") [Chen Wei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Wei_\(medical_scientist\) "Chen Wei (medical scientist)") [Kizzmekia Corbett](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizzmekia_Corbett "Kizzmekia Corbett") [Andrea Crisanti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Crisanti_\(scientist\) "Andrea Crisanti (scientist)") [Peter Daszak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Daszak "Peter Daszak") [Christian Drosten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Drosten "Christian Drosten") [Neil Ferguson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Ferguson_\(epidemiologist\) "Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)") [Dale Fisher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale_Fisher "Dale Fisher") [George F. Gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_F._Gao "George F. Gao") [Azra Ghani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azra_Ghani "Azra Ghani") [Sarah Gilbert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Gilbert "Sarah Gilbert") [Guan Yi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_Yi "Guan Yi") [Kentaro Iwata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentaro_Iwata "Kentaro Iwata") [Katalin Karikó](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3 "Katalin Karikó") [Matt Keeling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Keeling "Matt Keeling") [Trudie Lang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trudie_Lang "Trudie Lang") [Li Lanjuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Lanjuan "Li Lanjuan") [W. Ian Lipkin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Ian_Lipkin "W. Ian Lipkin") [Ma Xiaowei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xiaowei "Ma Xiaowei") [Shabir Madhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabir_Madhi "Shabir Madhi") [Allison McGeer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allison_McGeer "Allison McGeer") [Camilla Rothe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camilla_Rothe "Camilla Rothe") [Shi Zhengli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi_Zhengli "Shi Zhengli") [Moncef Slaoui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moncef_Slaoui "Moncef Slaoui") [Mike Tildesley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Tildesley "Mike Tildesley") [John Todd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Todd_\(British_biologist\) "John Todd (British biologist)") [Wang Chen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Chen_\(physician\) "Wang Chen (physician)") [Wang Guangfa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Guangfa "Wang Guangfa") [Drew Weissman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drew_Weissman "Drew Weissman") [Yuen Kwok-yung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuen_Kwok-yung "Yuen Kwok-yung") [Zeng Guang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeng_Guang "Zeng Guang") [Zhang Jixian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Jixian "Zhang Jixian") [Zhang Yongzhen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Yongzhen "Zhang Yongzhen") [Zhong Nanshan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhong_Nanshan "Zhong Nanshan") \| \| Officials \| \| \| \| \| \| WHO \| [Tedros Adhanom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus "Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus") (Director-General of the WHO) [Bruce Aylward](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Aylward "Bruce Aylward") (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission) [Maria Van Kerkhove](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Van_Kerkhove "Maria Van Kerkhove") (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response) [Michael J. Ryan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_J._Ryan_\(doctor\) "Michael J. Ryan (doctor)") (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme) \| \| By location \| [Frank Atherton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Atherton "Frank Atherton") (Wales) [Ashley Bloomfield](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashley_Bloomfield "Ashley Bloomfield") (New Zealand) [Catherine Calderwood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Calderwood "Catherine Calderwood") (Scotland) [Chang Shan-chwen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang_Shan-chwen "Chang Shan-chwen") (Taiwan) [Anutin Charnvirakul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anutin_Charnvirakul "Anutin Charnvirakul") (Thailand) [Chen Shih-chung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Shih-chung "Chen Shih-chung") (Taiwan) [Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuang_Yin-ching "Chuang Yin-ching") (Taiwan) [Victor Costache](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Costache "Victor Costache") (Romania) [Fabrizio Curcio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabrizio_Curcio "Fabrizio Curcio") (Italy) [Carmen Deseda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmen_Deseda "Carmen Deseda") (Puerto Rico) [Jaap van Dissel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaap_van_Dissel "Jaap van Dissel") (the Netherlands) [Christian Drosten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Drosten "Christian Drosten") (Germany) [Francisco Duque III](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Duque_III "Francisco Duque III") (Philippines) [Anthony Fauci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Fauci "Anthony Fauci") (United States) [Francesco Paolo Figliuolo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Paolo_Figliuolo "Francesco Paolo Figliuolo") (Italy) [Graça Freitas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Freitas "Graça Freitas") (Portugal) [Henrique Gouveia e Melo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_Gouveia_e_Melo "Henrique Gouveia e Melo") (Portugal) [Matt Hancock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Hancock "Matt Hancock") (United Kingdom) [Hamad Hasan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamad_Hasan "Hamad Hasan") (Lebanon) [Greg Hunt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Hunt "Greg Hunt") (Australia) [Tony Holohan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Holohan "Tony Holohan") (Ireland) [Jeong Eun-kyeong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeong_Eun-kyeong "Jeong Eun-kyeong") (South Korea) [Fahrettin Koca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrettin_Koca "Fahrettin Koca") (Turkey) [Li Keqiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Keqiang "Li Keqiang") (China) [Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_L%C3%B3pez-Gatell_Ram%C3%ADrez "Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez") (Mexico) [Michael McBride](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McBride_\(doctor\) "Michael McBride (doctor)") (Northern Ireland) [Oriol Mitjà](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriol_Mitj%C3%A0 "Oriol Mitjà") (Andorra) [Zweli Mkhize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweli_Mkhize "Zweli Mkhize") (South Africa) [Doni Monardo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doni_Monardo "Doni Monardo") (Indonesia) [Alma Möller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_M%C3%B6ller "Alma Möller") (Iceland) [Saeed Namaki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeed_Namaki "Saeed Namaki") (Iran) [Ala Nemerenco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ala_Nemerenco "Ala Nemerenco") (Moldova) [Nguyễn Thanh Long](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Thanh_Long "Nguyễn Thanh Long") (Vietnam) [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah "Noor Hisham Abdullah") (Malaysia) [Ali Pilli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Pilli "Ali Pilli") (Northern Cyprus) [Daniel Salinas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Salinas "Daniel Salinas") (Uruguay) [Jérôme Salomon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Salomon "Jérôme Salomon") (France) [Fernando Simón](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Sim%C3%B3n "Fernando Simón") (Spain) [Gregor Smith](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Smith "Gregor Smith") (Scotland) [Su Ih-jen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Ih-jen "Su Ih-jen") (Taiwan) [Łukasz 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\| \| Data (templates) \| \| \| \| \| \| Global \| WHO situation reports [cases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases "COVID-19 pandemic cases") [deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_deaths "COVID-19 pandemic deaths") [World map by countries: confirmed per capita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic") \| \| Asia \| [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Afghanistan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Afghanistan medical cases chart") [Armenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Armenia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Armenia medical cases chart") [Artsakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Republic_of_Artsakh_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Republic of Artsakh medical cases chart") [Azerbaijan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Azerbaijan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Azerbaijan medical cases chart") [Bahrain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bahrain_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bahrain medical cases chart") [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bangladesh_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bangladesh medical cases chart") [by division](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bangladesh_medical_cases_by_division "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bangladesh medical cases by division") [Bhutan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bhutan_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bhutan medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bhutan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bhutan medical cases chart") [Brunei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Brunei_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Brunei medical cases chart") [Cambodia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases chart") [summary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases_summary "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases summary") China [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mainland_China_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mainland China medical cases chart") [confirmed per capita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mainland_China_medical_cases_map_\(dots\) "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mainland China medical cases map (dots)") [lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China "Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China") [by province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/China_medical_cases_by_province "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/China medical cases by province") [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Hong_Kong_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Hong Kong medical cases chart") [Macau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Macau_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Macau medical cases chart") [Timor-Leste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Timor-Leste_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Timor-Leste medical cases chart") Egypt [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Georgia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Georgia medical cases chart") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/India_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/India medical cases chart") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Indonesia_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Indonesia medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Indonesia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Indonesia medical cases chart") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iran_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iran medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iran_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iran medical cases chart") [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iraq_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iraq medical cases chart") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Israel_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Israel medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Israel_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Israel medical cases chart") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Japan_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Japan medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Japan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Japan medical cases chart") [Jordan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Jordan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Jordan medical cases chart") [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kazakhstan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kazakhstan medical cases chart") [Kuwait cases 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[charts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Charts_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Charts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") Myanmar [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Myanmar_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Myanmar medical cases chart") [summary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Myanmar_medical_cases_summary "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Myanmar medical cases summary") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nepal_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nepal medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nepal_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nepal medical cases chart") [Oman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Oman_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Oman medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Oman_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Oman medical cases chart") [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Pakistan_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Pakistan medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Pakistan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Pakistan medical cases chart") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines medical cases chart") [areas of quarantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines "Template:COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines") [vaccinations chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_vaccinations_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines vaccinations chart") [Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Qatar_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Qatar medical cases chart") [Saudi Arabia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Saudi_Arabia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Saudi Arabia medical cases chart") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Singapore_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Singapore medical cases chart") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Korea_medical_cases "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Korea medical cases") [cases chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Korea_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Korea medical cases chart") [vaccinations charts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:South_Korea_COVID-19_vaccination_charts "Template:South Korea COVID-19 vaccination charts") [Sri Lanka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sri_Lanka_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sri Lanka medical cases chart") [Syria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Syria_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Syria medical cases chart") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Taiwan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Taiwan medical cases chart") [vaccination charts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Taiwan_COVID-19_vaccination_charts "Template:Taiwan COVID-19 vaccination charts") [Tajikistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Tajikistan_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Tajikistan medical cases chart") [Thailand cases 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Readable Markdown	This timeline of the [SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") (November 2021 – February 2022) is a dynamic list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect. [![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking down onto the receptor-binding domain](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_top.png) [![Spike protein with mutations highlighted, looking at the side of the protein](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png/250px-Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spike_omicron_mutations_side.png) The extensive mutations of its spike proteins make for the Omicron variant. Mutation data from [WHO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO "WHO");[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) structure from [PDB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank "Protein Data Bank"): [6VYB](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6VYB).[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-walls_2020-2) [South African](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa") scientists begin seeing samples where [PCR tests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCR_test "PCR test") have S-gene target failure (which occurs in a few variants, but not in [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant") which had by far dominated in the country in October), alerting them to a change in [epidemiology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology "Epidemiology").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-3) The first confirmed sample of what would eventually be named the Omicron variant by the [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization") (WHO) is collected in South Africa.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-TG_SAfrica_2Dec-4)[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-6) Other samples of the Omicron variant are collected in [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana "Botswana") by South African scientists[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-8) under the aegis of [Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Network_for_Genomic_Surveillance_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1 "Network for Genomic Surveillance South Africa (page does not exist)") (NGS-SA). More than 70 percent of sequenced samples from [Gauteng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauteng "Gauteng") province in South Africa are Omicron, indicating that it already has become the dominant variant in the province.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-9) South Africa makes its first report of B.1.1.529 (as it is scientifically known) to WHO,[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto-1) based on samples that had been collected from 14 to 16 November.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-10) The variation first comes to public notice[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-11) at a virtual press conference called by the Health Department of [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa"). [Richard Lessells](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lessells&action=edit&redlink=1 "Richard Lessells (page does not exist)"), an infectious-diseases physician at the [University of KwaZulu-Natal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal "University of KwaZulu-Natal"),[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-12) remarked that "There's a lot we don't understand about this variant... The mutation profile gives us concern, but now we need to do the work to understand the significance of this variant and what it means for the response to the pandemic." Professor [Penny Moore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny_Moore_\(virologist\) "Penny Moore (virologist)"), a [virologist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virology "Virology") at the [University of the Witwatersrand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand "University of the Witwatersrand")[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-13) said of the pace of this research that "we're flying at warp speed".[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-nature-alert-7) At this point there are 87 cases in five countries and an estimated 990 probable cases, with the most confirmed cases in South Africa at 77.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-14) On 26 November at an emergency meeting in [Geneva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva "Geneva"), Switzerland WHO's Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution designated [PANGO lineage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANGOLIN "PANGOLIN") B.1.1.529 a [variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variant_of_concern "Variant of concern") (VOC) and gave it the designation [Omicron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omicron "Omicron") (skipping [Nu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_\(letter\) "Nu (letter)") and [Xi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_\(letter\) "Xi (letter)"), the next letters in the [Greek alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet "Greek alphabet") in keeping with its nomenclature protocol introduced for the [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_\(letter\) "Delta (letter)") variant).[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-15)[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-16)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-17) At this point there are 96 confirmed cases worldwide in South Africa, Botswana,[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-18) England,[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-19) Hong Kong,[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-20) Italy,[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-21) Israel,[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-22) and Belgium,[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-23) and 2 probable cases in Germany[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-24) and 1 in Czech Republic.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-26) The first two cases in the [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom "United Kingdom") are announced. Additionally it was announced via [Twitter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter "Twitter") that Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Angola were to be added to the UK's Red List as of Sunday at 4:00 a.m. [GMT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMT "GMT")[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-27) genomic sequencing having been performed overnight, thus joining South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-28) Furthermore, Switzerland adds the UK to its "at risk" list along with other countries with cases.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-29) Two [Danish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark "Denmark") returnees from South Africa test positive,[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-30) and another two people with recent travel in Nigeria test positive in [Ottawa, Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa,_Canada "Ottawa, Canada"). A third case is detected in the UK, but the individual concerned, who had traveled from southern Africa, is no longer in the country, instigating high-level contact tracing.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-31) Israel bans entry to all foreign nationals and puts travel to fifty African countries on its red list. Morocco closes its borders for two weeks.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-32) [\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-33) The first 13 cases are identified among 61 SARS-CoV-2 cases from two flights[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-34) from South Africa to [The Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Netherlands "The Netherlands") on November 26; the passengers involved, numbering approximately 624, were in mid-flight when EU restrictions were imposed.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-35)[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-36) Five additional cases among these passengers were confirmed a week later.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-37) Two cases were detected in [Sydney, Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney,_Australia "Sydney, Australia"). Both people had landed in Sydney the previous day, and had traveled from southern Africa to Sydney via [Doha, Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha,_Qatar "Doha, Qatar"). The two people, who were fully vaccinated, entered isolation; 12 other travelers from southern Africa also entered quarantine for fourteen days, while about 260 other passengers and crew on the flight have been directed to isolate.[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NSW-28Nov-38) South African President [Cyril Ramaphosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa "Cyril Ramaphosa") addressed the Nation at 20:00 [SAST](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAST "SAST").[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-39)[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-40) He highlighted a few key points in his address.[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-41) Firstly he explained the arrival of the new [Omicron variant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omicron_variant "Omicron variant") and stated that over the next 2 weeks, South African scientists will be working on understand and testing the effectiveness of vaccines against this new Variant.[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-42) He called for nations who closed borders to reopen then cited that the closure "is not informed by science, nor will it be effective in preventing the spread of the Omicron coronavirus variant".[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-44) Secondly, he called for the country to [vaccinate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa").[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-45) Finally he announced the country would not go into lockdown, but introduced a minor curfew and a limit on gathering.[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-46) A further address is set to take place next week on 5 December 2021 to evaluate whether a lockdown is needed.[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-48) The affairs ministry of South Africa said that it was dismayed by its 'punishment' for discovering the variant and that 'excellent science should be applauded and not punished'.[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-49) Australia records its third case of the variant in a national repatriated from [Johannesburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannesburg "Johannesburg"). He was undertaking mandatory isolation in the [Howard Springs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Springs,_Northern_Territory "Howard Springs, Northern Territory") quarantine facility in the [Northern Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Territory "Northern Territory").[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-NT-29Nov-50) The first six cases are identified in [Scotland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland "Scotland") (bringing the total in the UK to nine): four in the [Lanarkshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanarkshire,_Scotland "Lanarkshire, Scotland") area and two in Greater [Glasgow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow,_Scotland "Glasgow, Scotland") and Clyde area.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-51) Spain and Sweden report their first cases, the latter from a sample taken less than a week prior from a traveler from South Africa.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-52) [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") announces that a portion of the stock of its own vaccines (under the [aegis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegis "Aegis") of [COVAX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVAX "COVAX")) shall be shipped to afflicted African nations.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-53) At a special session of the [World Health Assembly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Assembly "World Health Assembly") WHO presents the variant as having a very high global risk.[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-54) [Ecuador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador "Ecuador") and [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan "Japan") impose international travel restrictions. The US also tightens its restrictions. Japan reports its first case as does [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France "France") (on the Indian Ocean island of [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9union "Réunion")). [China's leader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount_leader "Paramount leader") [Xi Jinping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping "Xi Jinping") pledges 30 million doses of its own vaccine to Africa by way of addressing global vaccine inequity, with 400 million to follow (produced by Chinese-owned companies in Africa).[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-55) In [the Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands "Netherlands"), two additional cases are identified in older samples that were retroactively checked for the new variant, dating back to 19 and 23 November.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-56) - [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States"),[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-57) Saudi Arabia,[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-58) [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana "Ghana"), [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea "South Korea"), [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway "Norway") and [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria") announce their first cases. The Dutch health ministry announces that its first cases date back to November 19 and 23. WHO advises the COVID-vulnerable, including those over 60, not to travel,[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-60) and more than fifty countries have implemented new travel restrictions.[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-61) - Ireland announces its first case, apparently from community transmission.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-62) - The [Israeli Ministry of Health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_\(Israel\) "Ministry of Health (Israel)") has confirmed cardiologist Dr. Elan Maor as the country's third Omicron case. Maor had previously attended the PCR London Valves 2021 conference at London's [ExCeL London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExCeL_London "ExCeL London") in late November 2021.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-64) [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates "United Arab Emirates") announces its first cases. The number of cases in South Africa has increased exponentially in the prior two weeks, with Omicron rapidly becoming the dominant strain.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-65) A case is found in the greater [Paris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris "Paris"), France region, reports [BFM TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BFM_TV "BFM TV"); the infected person had recently returned from [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria").[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-66) This is the first case in mainland France.[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-67) Iceland also reports its first case, a triply-vaccinated individual who had not traveled abroad;[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-68) Greece announces its first case (in [Crete](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crete "Crete")), an individual who had traveled to South Africa.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-69) Finland reports its first case, an individual who had traveled from Sweden with a group.[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-70) Singapore preliminarily reports its first two cases.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-71) The US reports its second case (and its first case of community transmission) in a Minnesota resident who in late November had attended an [anime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anime "Anime") convention in New York City, [Anime NYC 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anime_NYC "Anime NYC"); vaccination had been required for attendance.[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-72) The event had 53,000 attendees, all of whom were urged to get tested (along with staff and exhibitors) inasmuch as authorities feared it as having been a [superspreader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader "Superspreader") event.[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-73)[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-74)[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-75) Malaysia announced its first case of the variant. The case was detected on 26 November, a South African student entering the country to study at a private university.[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-76) There are now ten cases in the US, in California, Colorado, Minnesota, and New York, and in Hawaii, where the person had no recent travel history.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-77) Réunion reported its second confirmed case. Both cases were linked to travel from mainland Africa.[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-78) More than a dozen cases have been found in the US spread over at least ten states.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-79) - The official number of cases in [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea "South Korea") is now nine (after the initial first three). Officials fear that a church gathering of hundreds on 28 November may have been a [superspreader event](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader_event "Superspreader event"). Concurrently the country is undergoing a record Delta surge.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-80) - Officials in [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway "Norway") officially regard a corporate Christmas party held on 26 November as a [superspreader event](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreader_event "Superspreader event"), being the single largest outbreak outside of South Africa. At least 14 people of the 120 participants were infected.[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-81) Ultimately 66 positive cases were identified, none of whom had received a booster.[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-82) - Israel confirms seven cases of the Omicron variant resulting from overseas travel including five from South Africa, one from Malawi, and one from the United Kingdom.[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-83) Eight cases of community transmission, unrelated to each other, are reported in New York. A woman who recently traveled from South Africa becomes both New Jersey's and Georgia's first confirmed case. Maryland has its first three cases, and Pennsylvania and Missouri one each. Nebraska's number of cases increases to six, all in its southeast.[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-84) [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiji "Fiji") confirmed its first two cases of the variant. The two cases traveled from Nigeria arriving in the country from Hong Kong on 25 November.[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-85) The Omicron variant features as such for the first time in the overview of WHO's weekly operational update, namely "Supporting Omicron variant detection and COVID-19 response in southern Africa." As of 2 December, Botswana and South Africa have reported 19 and 172 Omicron variant cases, respectively, accounting for 62% of global cases. A surge team is being deployed. Globally, more than twenty countries have reported cases to date.[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-86) [Queensland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensland "Queensland"), Australia health authorities detect the first case of the variant in the state, alongside the first identification ever of a genetically distinct 'Omicron-like' variant.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-87) WHO announces that the variant had been detected in 57 countries.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-88) By this date, the CDC later confirms (on 17 December) that 22 states of the US have cases. "Among 43 cases with initial follow-up, one hospitalization and no deaths were reported."[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-89) [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan") reports its first suspected case.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90) WHO announces that "Of 899,935 Covid-19 test samples sequenced and uploaded to the global Covid database in the last 60 days, 897,886 (99.8%) were confirmed to be Delta, while 713 (0.1%) were Omicron." Cases in South Africa rise by 110% in one week.[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-91) Cuba reports its first case, in a person who had traveled from Mozambique.[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-92) Singapore detects its first case of community transmission, an airport frontline worker. In the US, more than 40 people have been found to be infected, more than 75% of whom had been vaccinated.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-93) Bangladesh reports its first two cases, female cricketers who had recently returned from Zimbabwe.[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-94) In the US, the variant is responsible for 2.9% of cases.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-95) - 64 new cases are reported in [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales"), Australia.[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-96) - Israel reports 20 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 55.[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-97)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-98) The first Briton infected with the Omicron variant dies;[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-99) the variant now accounts for 20% of the cases in the UK.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-100) China reports its first case (a returnee from overseas),[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-101) in [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin "Tianjin").[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-102) Puerto Rico confirms its first case,[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-103) as does Pakistan.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-104) France reports 130 cases.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) In England 20 cases are in hospital.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto1-105) Studies continue to show that while current vaccines are not as effective against Omicron that boosters are beneficial nevertheless.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-106) Algeria reports its first case, a foreign national who entered Algeria on 10 December and tested positive at the [Algiers International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houari_Boumediene_Airport "Houari Boumediene Airport").[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-107) Israel has confirmed a total of 67 Omicron cases.[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-108) Mainland China reports its second case, a returnee who had landed at [Shanghai International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_International_Airport "Shanghai International Airport"). The individual had had multiple negative nucleic acid tests whilst in standard quarantine in Guangzhou until testing positive. Indicative of a relatively low viral load, this sequence of events prompted concerns over possible community transmission.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-109) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg/500px-World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:World_Health_Organisation_regional_offices.svg) Omicron is now extant in all six [WHO regions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO_regions "WHO regions")[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-110) New Zealand confirmed its first case of the Omicron variant, an individual who arrived in Auckland from Germany via Dubai on 10 December.[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-111) Indonesia confirms its first case.[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-112) Malaysia reports its second case,[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-113) and Poland its first.[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) Fifteen people are hospitalized in the UK.[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto2-114) The [antibody](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody "Antibody") treatment [Evusheld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evusheld "Evusheld") produced by [AstraZeneca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AstraZeneca "AstraZeneca") is shown to retain neutralising activity against Omicron, whereas [Regeneron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regeneron "Regeneron")'s [Ronapreve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronapreve "Ronapreve") therapy proves to be less effective.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-115) Despite there being few confirmed cases, wastewater samples in [Orange County, Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_County,_Florida "Orange County, Florida") test nearly 100% for Omicron.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-116) Exactly six months after lifting its mask mandate, California reinstates it.[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-117) The [State of Palestine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine "State of Palestine") reported its first three cases, in returnees from abroad.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-118) New Zealand has reported three more Omicron cases at the border. These cases were had arrived in [Auckland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland "Auckland") from [Dubai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai "Dubai") on 11 December and traveled to a [managed isolation and quarantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand") in [Rotorua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotorua "Rotorua") on a bus chartered for international arrivals.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-119) In the US modeling by the CDC presented to state health leaders projects that Omicron will peak in January 2022, the case load having increased seven-fold in one week. How Omicron and Delta will interact is not clear in these models, however, and furthermore the prospect of those major variants on top of influenza is of grave concern.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-120) (A smaller Omicron surge in spring is also possible.)[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-121) As it is, the variant is projected to become the dominant strain within a week.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-122) The [R number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_number "R number") for Omicron in the UK is estimated to be between 3 and 5, Dr. [Susan Hopkins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Hopkins "Susan Hopkins"), chief medical advisor at the [UK Health Security Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Health_Security_Agency "UK Health Security Agency") reported. The variant becomes the dominant strain in Scotland.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-123) In Denmark it accounts for one-fifth of all cases,[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-124) and in [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland "Republic of Ireland") 35%.[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-125) [Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar "Qatar") reports its first four cases, imported from abroad.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-126) - WHO reports that given community transmission the number of cases doubles every 1.5 to three days. The variant is now in 89 counties, and its severity profile remains unknown.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-127) - Seven to ten percent of new confirmed coronavirus cases in France are suspected to be of the Omicron variant and the travel ban on the UK comes into force.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-128) - Israel has reported 45 new cases, bringing the total number of Omicron cases to 134.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-129) - Malaysia has confirmed 11 new cases of the Omicron variant, all resulting from overseas travel. These cases are connected to the 18 suspected cases dating back to 16 December.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-130) - New Zealand has reported four new cases at the border, bringing the total number of Omicron cases in the country to eight.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-131) - The [Mayor of London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_London "Mayor of London") [Sadiq Khan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadiq_Khan "Sadiq Khan"), declares a major incident.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-132)[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-133) - In the United States, 80% of the COVID-19 cases in the [Miami-Dade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miami-Dade "Miami-Dade") area (in Florida) are now of the Omicron variant, a situation regarded as "unprecedented". The first positive sample had been taken 2 December.[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-134) - Netherlands enters lockdown, the first European country to do so due to Omicron.[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-135) Iran announces its first case.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-136) The variant is now the dominant strain in [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario "Ontario"), Canada, accounting for 51% of cases.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-137) - 12 deaths cumulative of Omicron cases in the UK. Thailand reports its first locally transmitted case.[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138)[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-139) Peru reports its first four cases.[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-140) - Moderna announces that its mRNA-1273[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto3-138) "half-dose booster" elicits a 37-fold increase in antibodies compared with people who had received just two doses.[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-141)[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-142) - CDC estimates that Omicron accounts for 73% of COVID-19 cases in the US, up from 3% the week prior.[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-143) It has now been identified in at least 30 states.[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-144) - A report by the [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team "Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team") based on data from England, found that "hospitalisation and asymptomatic infection indicators were not significantly associated with Omicron infection, suggesting at most limited changes in severity compared with Delta."[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-mrc-growth-england-20211220-145) Algeria reports its second confirmed case, concerns an Algerian national returning from a stay in South Africa.[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-146) Airlines cancel more than 600 flights on Christmas Eve, and hundreds on Christmas, due to severe staffing shortages. [United Airlines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Airlines "United Airlines") cancels 185 of its mainline flights, 10% of its schedule, and [Deutsche Lufthansa AG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Lufthansa_AG "Deutsche Lufthansa AG")'s robust holiday contingency plans were overwhelmed by the unexpected rise in sick leave. Railroads in Europe were also affected, albeit not to the same extent.[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-147) In the aggregate more than 4,500 flights worldwide are cancelled.[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-148) Portugal announces that on 22 December Omicron had become the dominant strain, accounting for 65.5% of cases, and Malaysia detects its first case.[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-149) Also, the confirmed first case in [Islamabad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad,_Pakistan "Islamabad, Pakistan"), the capital of Pakistan, is reported.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto4-90) Algeria has confirmed two new cases, in Algerian nationals returned from France and the United Kingdom.[\[150\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-150) Omicron is in at least 115 countries.[\[151\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-151) The first cases are identified in [Gaza Strip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip "Gaza Strip") and [Dominican Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic "Dominican Republic").[\[152\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-152) Omicron becomes the dominant strain in Portugal.[\[153\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-153) - CDC revises its Omicron estimate from comprising 73% to 59% of all COVID cases in the US.[\[154\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-154) - Thailand identifies its first superspreader event.[\[155\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-155) - New Zealand reports its first community case.[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-156)[\[157\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-157) Algeria reports 12 new cases; 6 Algerian citizens and 2 nationals returning from France, 1 Briton and 3 Mauritanians.[\[158\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-158) The second case of the Omicron variant has been confirmed in North Macedonia, in the town of Struga.[\[159\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-159) Staffing shortages due to Omicron necessitates the temporary closure of numerous urgent care clinics in the US.[\[160\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-160) The Biden administration lifts a month-long travel ban on foreign national arriving via air from eight African countries—South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambique and Malawi—effective 12:01 a.m. EST.[\[161\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-161) Dr [Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus "Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus"), WHO Director-General, notes in his year-end remarks that "Narrow nationalism and vaccine hoarding by some countries have undermined equity and created the ideal conditions for the emergence of the Omicron variant, and the longer inequity continues, the higher the risks of the virus evolving in ways we can't prevent or predict".[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162) The [UKHSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKHSA "UKHSA") announced that as of 1 January 2022, Omicron would no longer be reported separately in the daily statistics because the [variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variant_of_concern "Variant of concern") had become the dominant strain in England.[\[163\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-163) French Health officials acknowledged the Omicron variant as the country most dominant variant. President Macron warned that the following weeks would be "very difficult".[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-auto5-162) South Korea reports the first two deaths of people who tested positive [post mortem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_mortem "Post mortem") for Omicron.[\[164\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-164) As per WHO, Omicron has emerged in 128 countries, and furthermore new studies suggest that it does not generally cause as severely pulmonary damage as prior variants.[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-165) US COVID-19 cases reach 1,082,549, mainly due to the rapidity of Omicron's spread.[\[166\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-166) A news article on Nature reports there are signals that Omicron does not multiply readily in lung tissue. The latest results could mean that "the virus establishes a very local infection in the upper airways and has less chance to go and wreak havoc in the lungs", which might make it easier "to hitch a ride on material expelled from the nose and mouth, allowing the virus to find new hosts".[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-167) India records its first death, a 74-year-old diabetic man with other comorbidities.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-168) WHO announces that Omicron should not be described as "mild" given that the sheer scale of serious infections requiring hospitalization is overwhelming health systems worldwide.[\[169\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-169) Britain deploys 200 military personnel to assist London hospitals, including 20 doctors.[\[170\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-170) Algeria detects 47 new cases; 29 cases from [Algiers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers_Province "Algiers Province"), 06 cases from [Béjaïa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa_Province "Béjaïa Province"), 01 cases from [Bouïra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bou%C3%AFra_Province "Bouïra Province"), 11 cases from [Constantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Province "Constantine Province"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 63 cases.[\[171\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-171) Mass testing begins in [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin "Tianjin"), China, a major port city close to Beijing, after a cluster of twenty cases is discovered, of which at least two are of the Omicron variant.[\[172\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-172) Peru register the highest rate of COVID-19 infections with 70,000 cases in a week, with Omicron variant being responsible for the third wave of infections.[\[173\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-173) WHO projects that in six to eight weeks half the population of Europe will have caught the variant.[\[174\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-174) In the US, 98% of COVID-19 cases the week prior were of the Omicron variant.[\[175\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-175) Algeria detects 82 new cases; 61 cases from Algiers, 11 cases from [Blida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blida_Province "Blida Province"), 5 cases in Bouïra, 3 cases from [Hassi Messaoud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassi_Messaoud "Hassi Messaoud") and 1 case in [Aïn Defla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%AFn_Defla_Province "Aïn Defla Province") and [Laghouat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laghouat_Province "Laghouat Province"), bringing the total of confirmed cases to 145 cases.[\[176\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-176) US reported its peak number of infections by Omicron variant, US Presidential Chief Advisor, [Anthony Fauci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Fauci "Anthony Fauci"), predicted that the Omicron cases would drop by the end of January.[\[177\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-177) Beijing reports its first locally transmitted case, in the [Haidian district](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haidian_district "Haidian district").[\[178\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-178)[\[179\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-179) Authorities have published a detailed account of the patient's activities dating back to 31 December, quarantined his workplace and residential compound, and collected 2,430 testing samples from these two locations.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-180) In China, health authorities said that their first ever recorded Omicron case could have come from a mail send from Canada.[\[181\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-181)[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-182)[\[183\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-183) However, more than 16,500 tests of those who had contact or possible contact with the index case all came back negative.[\[184\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-184) France reach 464,000 new COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant rampant unabated, the country registered seven consecutive days surpassing daily 300,000 cases.[\[185\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-185) The [Pasteur Institute of Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute_of_Algeria "Pasteur Institute of Algeria") (IPA) announced that it had recorded a total of 400 cases of the Omicron variant in Algeria, which represents 57% of the circulating variants.[\[186\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-186) New Zealand has reported 34 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 90.[\[187\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-187) New Zealand has reported 15 new Omicron cases, bringing the total number of Omicron community cases to 105.[\[188\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-188) Omicron is confirmed to be a [zoonotic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonotic "Zoonotic") disease. In February 2022, the first confirmed case infecting a wild animal was confirmed by researchers at [Pennsylvania State University](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University "Pennsylvania State University") in [white-tailed deer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-tailed_deer "White-tailed deer") in [Staten Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staten_Island "Staten Island"), N.Y.[\[189\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-189) The BA.2 subvariant accounts for more than a third of all cases globally.[\[190\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-190) The BA2.75.2 subvariant is observed to evade from neutralising antibodies in epidemiological samples.[\[191\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-191) On 9 January 2023 the [European CDC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_CDC "European CDC") said there was suggestive evidence the XBB.1.5 variant had a growth advantage; after becoming dominant in the US, it might become dominant in Europe in the following months.[\[192\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-192) Late in April 2024, CDC data showed KP.2 to be the most common U.S. variant, with a quarter of all cases, just ahead of JN.1. KP1.1 represented 7 percent of U.S. cases.[\[193\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-193) These two are sometimes referred to as the 'FLiRT' variants because they are characterized by a [phenylalanine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine "Phenylalanine") (F) to [leucine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucine "Leucine") (L) mutation and an [arginine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine "Arginine") (R) to [threonine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threonine "Threonine") (T) mutation in the virus's spike protein.[\[194\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-194) By July 2024, a descendant of KP.2 with an extra amino acid change in the spike protein, Q493E, was given the names KP.3 and, informally, 'FLuQE,' and became a major variant in [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales "New South Wales") during the Australian winter. Initial research suggested that the Q493E change could help KP.3 be more effective at binding to human cells than KP.2.[\[195\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_Conversation_FLiRT2FLuQE-195) Early in August 2024, XEC was discovered in Germany.[\[196\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-196) XEC is a recombination of two subvariants: KS.1.1 and KP.3.3. In early December 2024, CDC data showed XEC to be the most common U.S. variant, with 45% of all cases, ahead of KP3.1.1, which accounted for 24% of all cases.[\[197\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-197) Late in January 2025, XFG (sometimes referred to as "Stratus")[\[198\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-198) was discovered in Canada.[\[199\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-199) XFG is a recombination of two subvariants: LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. In late May 2025, WHO reported that XFG was the 2nd most common variant globally, making up 22.7% of all global cases, behind NB.1.8.1 (named "Nimbus", often with extremely sore throat)[\[200\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-200) with 24.9% of global cases, and closely followed by LP.8.1 accounting for 22.6% of global cases.[\[201\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-201) In late June 2025, CDC estimate data shows XFG to be the 3rd most common U.S. variant, with 14% of all cases, behind NB.1.8.1 and LP.8.1, which account for 43% and 31% of all cases respectively.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] On 14 September 2025, WHO listed JN.1 as a VOI; and KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC, and XFG as VUMs. The estimated prevalence for the week ending 7 September 2025 was 68% for XFG (an increase compared to 61% for the week ending 10 August), 20% for NB.1.8.1 (a decrease compared to 24% for the week ending 10 August), and 4% or lower for the other four variants.[\[202\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_WHODashboard_20250914-202) In late September, the [ECDC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Disease_Prevention_and_Control "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control") listed no VOCs, and listed BA.2.86 as a VOI, and NB.1.8.1 and XFG as VUMs.[\[203\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_note-Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2_ECDC_variants_concern_20250926-203) 1. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-auto_1-1) ["Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern"](https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\(b.1.1.529\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). who.int. 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-walls_2020_2-0)* Walls AC, Park YJ, Tortorici MA, Wall A, McGuire AT, Veesler D (April 2020). ["Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102599). Cell. 181 (2): 281–292.e6. [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_\(identifier\) "Doi (identifier)"):[10\.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2020.02.058). [PMC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMC_\(identifier\) "PMC (identifier)") [7102599](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102599). [PMID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_\(identifier\) "PMID (identifier)") [32155444](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32155444). 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-3) Cowan K (29 November 2021). 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[Bibcode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibcode_\(identifier\) "Bibcode (identifier)"):[2021Natur.600...21C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021Natur.600...21C). [doi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_\(identifier\) "Doi (identifier)"):[10\.1038/d41586-021-03552-w](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fd41586-021-03552-w). [PMID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_\(identifier\) "PMID (identifier)") [34824381](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34824381). [S2CID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_\(identifier\) "S2CID (identifier)") [244660616](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244660616). 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-8) ["Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern"](https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-\(b.1.1.529\)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern). World Health Organization. 26 November 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2021. 9. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-9) Whiteside P (30 November 2021). ["COVID-19: How the spread of Omicron went from patient zero to all around the globe"](https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-how-the-spread-of-omicron-went-from-patient-zero-to-all-around-the-globe-12482183). SkyNews. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 10. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-10) Vaughan A (27 November 2021). ["Omicron: How dangerous is the new variant first found in South Africa?"](https://www.newscientist.com/article/2299194-omicron-how-dangerous-is-the-new-variant-first-found-in-south-africa/). NewScientist. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 11. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-11) ["New Covid variant: How worried should we be?"](https://www.bbc.com/news/health-59418127). [BBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_News "BBC News"). 25 November 2021. 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[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-15) ["Fact Check-WHO skipped letters of Greek alphabet while naming COVID-19 variant Omicron"](https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-variants-alphabet-idUSL1N2SI07K). Reuters. November 27, 2021. 16. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-16) [World Health Organization (WHO) \[@WHO\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization_\(WHO\) "World Health Organization (WHO)") (26 November 2021). ["The Technical Advisory Group on SARS-CoV-2 Virus Evolution met today to review what is known about the \#COVID19 variant B.1.1.529. They advised WHO that it should be designated a Variant of Concern. WHO has named it Omicron, in line with naming protocols https://t.co/bSbVas9yds https://t.co/Gev1zIt1Ek"](https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1464295764809637898) ([Tweet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweet_\(social_media\) "Tweet (social media)")). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211128034548/https://twitter.com/who/status/1464295764809637898) from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter "Twitter"). 17. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-17) Parekh M, Platt P, Team GH, Barnes J (26 November 2021). ["Coronavirus latest news: EU suspends all flights to southern Africa over omicron Covid variant fears"](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/covid-new-south-african-variant-strain-lockdown-restrictions/). The Telegraph. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_\(identifier\) "ISSN (identifier)") [0307-1235](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235). [Archived](https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/covid-new-south-african-variant-strain-lockdown-restrictions/) from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 26 November 2021. 18. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-18) ["GISAID - hCov19 Variants"](https://www.gisaid.org/hcov19-variants/). gisaid.org. 19. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-19) [Javid, Sajid \[@sajidjavid\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sajid_Javid "Sajid Javid") (27 November 2021). ["We have been made aware by @UKHSA of two UK cases of the Omicron variant. The two cases are linked and there is a connection with travel to southern Africa. These individuals are self-isolating with their households while further testing and contact tracing is underway"](https://twitter.com/sajidjavid/status/1464594748795146240) ([Tweet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweet_\(social_media\) "Tweet (social media)")). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211128050211/https://twitter.com/sajidjavid/status/1464594748795146240) from the original on 28 November 2021. 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[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant#cite_ref-25) [Babiš, Andrej \[@AndrejBabis\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrej_Babi%C5%A1 "Andrej Babiš") (27 November 2021). ["Dovolím si korigovat média. Paní, která byla testovaná na novou mutaci, NEBYLA v Egyptě, ale na pobytu v Namibii a letěla zpět do ČR přes JAR a Dubaj. Výsledek jejího testu očekáváme, je teď v izolaci a trasují se všechny kontakty"](https://twitter.com/AndrejBabis/status/1464550206280806404) ([Tweet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweet_\(social_media\) "Tweet (social media)")) (in Czech). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211127133727/https://twitter.com/AndrejBabis/status/1464550206280806404) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021 – via [Twitter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter "Twitter"). 26. 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