🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa111)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake","crawl_time":1774967997,"first_indexed_time":1375985542,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Mooncake s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Mooncake - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"For the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see\nMoon pie\n.\nMooncake\nA Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste\nType\nPastry\nCourse\nDessert\nPlace of origin\nChina\nRegion or state\nEast Asia\nand\nSoutheast Asia\nMain ingredients\nCrust:\nlard\nor\nvegetable oil\nFilling:\nred bean\nor\nlotus seed paste\n, salted\negg yolk\n, may or may not have additional ingredients\nFood energy\n(per 100 \ng\nserving)\n416 \nkcal\n(1,740 \nkJ\n) (approximately)\nChinese name\nTraditional Chinese\n月餅\nSimplified Chinese\n月饼\nHanyu Pinyin\nyuèbing, yuèbǐng\nLiteral meaning\nMoon cake\/biscuit\nTranscriptions\nStandard Mandarin\nHanyu Pinyin\nyuèbing, yuèbǐng\nWade–Giles\nyüeh-ping\nIPA\n[ɥêpìŋ]\nWu\nRomanization\ngniuq\n8\n-pin\n5\n[ɲyɪʔ\npiɲ]\nSuzhounese\nngeq\n8\n-pin\n3\n[ŋəʔ²²\npin⁵¹]\nGan\nRomanization\nNgiet7 biang3\nHakka\nRomanization\nNgat biang\nYue: Cantonese\nYale Romanization\nyuht béng\nJyutping\njyut6 beng2\nSouthern Min\nHokkien\nPOJ\ngo̍eh-piáⁿ\nVietnamese name\nVietnamese alphabet\nbánh Trung thu\nChữ Nôm\n餅中秋\nKhmer name\nKhmer\nនំព្រះច័ន្ទ\n \nMedia: Mooncake\nA\nmooncake\n(\nsimplified Chinese\n:\n月饼\n;\ntraditional Chinese\n:\n月餅\n) is a\nChinese baked item\ntraditionally eaten during the\nMid-Autumn Festival\n(中秋節).\n[\n1\n]\nThe festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to\nmoon\nwatching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy.\n[\n2\n]\nMooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important\nChinese festivals\n.\n[\n3\n]\nThere are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in\noverseas Chinese\ncommunities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake\n[\n4\n]\nis a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm (\n1\n+\n1\n⁄\n4\n–\n1\n+\n1\n⁄\n2\n in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from\nlotus seed paste\n(other typical fillings include\nred bean paste\nor mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1\/8 of an inch) crust and may contain\nyolks\nfrom\nsalted duck eggs\n.\n[\n5\n]\nMooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by\ntea\n. Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents,\n[\n6\n]\nencouraging the market for high-end mooncakes.\nJust as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region,\n[\n7\n]\nmooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy.\n[\n8\n]\n[\n9\n]\n[\n10\n]\nGeneral description\n[\nedit\n]\nMost mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted\negg yolks\nin the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried.\n[\n11\n]\nTraditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the\nChinese characters\nfor \"\nlongevity\n\" or \"harmony\", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside.\n[\n12\n]\nImprints of the Moon, the\nChinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e)\n, flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration.\nMid-Autumn Festival\n[\nedit\n]\nThe festival is intricately linked to\nlegends of Chang’e\n, the Moon\nGoddess\nof\nImmortality\n.\n[\n13\n]\nAccording to the\nLiji\n, an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called \"Mid-Autumn\". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called \"Night of the Moon\".\nBecause of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'.\nThere is a folk tale about the overthrow of the\nYuan dynasty\nfacilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes.\nMooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the\nMongol\n-led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the\nMing dynasty\n.\n[\n14\n]\n[\n15\n]\nThe idea is said to have been conceived by\nZhu Yuanzhang\nand his advisor\nLiu Bowen\n, who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user.  This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes.  The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers.\n[\n16\n]\nAnother method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic.  To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts.  The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message.  The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message.\nCut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk \"moon\"\nMany types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes:\n[\n17\n]\nLotus seed paste\n(蓮蓉,\nlían róng\n): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes.\n[\n18\n]\nWhite lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler.\nSweet bean paste\n(豆沙,\ndòu shā\n): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although\nred bean paste\n, made from\nazuki beans\n, is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from\nmung beans\n, as well as\nblack beans\n.\nJujube\npaste\n(棗泥,\nzǎo ní\n): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity\/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler.\nFive kernels\n(五仁,\nwǔ rén\n) or\nmixed nuts\n: A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with\nmaltose\nsyrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include:\nwalnuts\n,\npumpkin\nseeds,\nwatermelon\nseeds,\npeanuts\n,\nsesame\nseeds, or\nalmonds\n. The mixture for the filling also contains candied\nwinter melon\n,\njinhua ham\n, or pieces of\nrock sugar\nas additional flavoring.\nMooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 (\njinmen danhuang\n), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named \"Golden Gate\". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them.\nTraditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although\nvegetarian\nmooncakes may use\nvegetable oil\n, many mooncakes use\nlard\nin their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in\nChinese cuisine\n:\n[\n19\n]\nChewy\n: This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on\nCantonese\n-style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in\nNorth America\nand many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup,\nlye\nwater (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 [Na\n2\nCO\n3\n]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding\nmaltose\nsyrup to the mixture.\nThe dough is also baked into\nfish\nor\npiglet\nshapes (\nChinese\n:\n猪仔饼\n;\nCantonese Yale\n:\njyū jái béng\n;\nlit.\n'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale.\nFlaky\n: Flaky crusts are most indicative of\nSuzhou\n- and\nTaiwan\n-style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been\nstir-fried\nin oil. This crust has a texture similar to\npuff pastry\n.\nTender\n: Mooncakes from certain provinces of\nChina\n[\nwhich?\n]\nare often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the\nshortcrust pastry\nused in Western\npie\ncrusts or\ntart\nshells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the\negg tart\n.\nCrumbly\n:\nYunnan\n-style mooncakes are made using a\nhot water crust pastry\nthat combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere.\n[\n20\n]\nRegional variations in China\n[\nedit\n]\nMooncakes from Malaysia\nCantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including\nsalted duck egg\nyolk and\nlotus seed paste\nas fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface)\nCantonese-style mooncake with five nuts\/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds)\nSuzhou\n-style mooncakes with minced pork filling\nThere are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include:\n[\n21\n]\nBeijing\n-style mooncake\n: This style has two variations. One, called\ndi qiang\n, was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called \"\nfan mao\n\", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain\nhawthorn\nand\nwisteria\nblossom flavors.\nCantonese\n-style mooncake\n: Originating from\nGuangdong\nand\nGuangxi\nprovinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken,\nduck\n, roast\npork\n,\nmushrooms\n, egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four\nphases\nof the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly.\n[\n22\n]\nShanghai\n-style mooncake\n: This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling.\nHong Kong\n-style mooncake\n: Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While\nHongkongers\ntypically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as\nsnow skin mooncake\nhave been appearing over the last few decades.\nTeochew\n-style mooncake\n: This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The\nTeochew\nalso have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) (\nsimplified Chinese\n:\n莲花酥月饼\n;\ntraditional Chinese\n:\n蓮花酥月餅\n;\npinyin\n:\nLiánhuā sū yuèbǐng\n), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as \"la bia\" (\n朥饼\n) in the\nChaoshan\nregion in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry.\nNingbo\n-style mooncake\n: This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in\nZhejiang\nprovince, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either\nseaweed\nor\nham\n; it is also known for its\nspicy\nand salty flavor.\nSuzhou\n-style mooncake\n: This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky\ndough\nand generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties.\nSuzhou\n-style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽,\njiāoyán\n) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes.\nMeizhou\n-style mooncake\nSouthern Min-style mooncake\nWenzhou\n-style mooncake\nYunnan\n-style mooncake\n: The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including\nrice flour\n,\nwheat flour\n, and\nbuckwheat\nflour, and a filling that combines\nXuanwei ham\nand\nsugar\n.\nContemporary styles\n[\nedit\n]\nJelly mooncake with yam-paste filling\nOver time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered.\n[\n23\n]\nPart of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences.\n[\n24\n]\nSome of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then.\nTaro\npaste (芋泥,\nyù ní\n),\npineapple\nand\ndurian\nwere amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in\nSoutheast Asia\n.\n[\n25\n]\nThe crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of \"\nsnow skin mooncake\n\".\n[\n26\n]\nIt is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers.\n[\n27\n]\nMiniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes.\nTo adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of\nyogurt\n,\njelly\n, and fat-free\nice-cream\n. Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet.\nContemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a \"mooncake bubble\" forming in China.\n[\n28\n]\nFood critics sometimes point out that \"chocolate mooncakes\" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together.\n[\n29\n]\nWaste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake\n[\nedit\n]\nMooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped.\n[\n30\n]\nDuring Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste.\n[\n31\n]\nMooncake filling\nFillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing\ntaro\npaste and\npineapple\n, which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as\ncoffee\n,\nchocolate\n, nuts (e.g.,\nwalnuts\n,\nmixed nuts\n, etc.), fruits (e.g.,\nprunes\n,\npineapples\n,\nmelons\n,\nlychees\n, etc.), vegetables (e.g.,\nsweet potatoes\n, etc.), and even\nham\nhave been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes.\nSome other examples include\ncream cheese\nchicken floss\ntiramisu\ngreen tea\npandan\npurple yam\ndurian\nice cream\n(variety of flavors)\nchocolate\nstrawberry\ncoffee\npeanut\nmango pomelo sago\nmala\nlava custard\n[\n32\n]\nSnow skin fruity mooncakes\nTraditional Chinese delicacies such as\nginseng\nand\nbird's nest\nwere soon followed by\nabalone\nand\nshark fin\n. Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in.\nHäagen-Dazs\nwere one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the \"traditional,\" snow-skin, or\nBelgian\n\/\nSwiss\nwhite, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even\nBlack truffles\n,\ncaviar\nand\nfoie gras\nhave made it into mooncakes.\nPink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling\nSnowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts:\nGlutinous rice\n: A crust with texture similar to that of a\nmochi\n. This is a\nsnow skin mooncake\n. These moon cakes are known\ncolloquially\nas \"\nsnowskin mooncakes\n\", \"\nice-skin mooncakes\n\" or \"\nsnowy mooncakes\n\" (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅).\n[\n33\n]\nJelly\n: A crust made of gelling mixtures such as\nagar\n,\ngelatin\n, or\nkonjac\nand flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings.\nUse in other countries and regions\n[\nedit\n]\nMooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling.\nMooncakes in Japan are known as\ngeppei\n(\n月餅\n)\n, a transliteration of the Chinese name.  Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's\nChinatowns\n.\nAzuki\n(red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used.\nThe most traditional mooncake found within\nTaiwan\nresembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with\nmochi\nin the center.  The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled\nmung bean\n(\nlu dou\n) or\ntaro\npaste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character.\n[\n34\n]\nModern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions.  Popular modern flavors include\ngreen tea\n, chocolate, strawberry and\ntiramisu\n.\nIn\nIndonesia\n, there are several main types of mooncakes,\n[\nquantify\n]\nfrom the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk,\ndurian\n,\njackfruit\nand many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season.\nAs a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with\nhalal\ningredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or\npeanut oil\n[\n35\n]\nand filled with\nmung bean paste\n.\nThere are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes;\nGeorge Town\n,\nKuala Lumpur\nand\nSabah\n. Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure\nHunan\nlotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk.\n[\n36\n]\nMooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore\nIn\nSingapore\n, mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes.  Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts,\nosmanthus\n, orange peel and melon seeds.\nSnowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes.\nMooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends.\nIn\nThailand\n, mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in\nThai-Chinese\nbakeries during festival season. In\nBangkok\n, traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to\nChinatown\non\nYaowarat Road\n, but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets.\nA box with\nbánh nướng\n(baked mooncake) and\nbánh dẻo\n(sticky rice mooncake)\nVietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk\nIn Vietnam, mooncakes are known as\nbánh trung thu\n[\n37\n]\n(literally \"mid-autumn cake\"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake:\nbánh nướng\n(baked mooncake) and\nbánh dẻo\n(sticky rice mooncake).\nIt can be said that\nbánh nướng\nand\nbánh dẻo\nare two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the\nTết Trung Thu\nseason. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found.\nVietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately.\nBánh nướng\n(baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning.\nBánh dẻo\n(sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than\nbánh nướng\n. The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However,\nbánh dẻo\nis not as popular as\nbánh nướng\n.\nBaked moon cake from Vietnam\nCommercial brand Mooncake\nMooncakes\nMooncakes in Chengdu\nBakpia\n(Hopia)\nBánh pía\n – Vietnamese pastry\nCrystal cake\n – Chinese dessert\nList of Chinese desserts\nLotus seed paste\n – Chinese dessert ingredient\nNian gao\n – Chinese food\nSuncake (Taiwan)\n – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose\nYueguangbing\n – Traditional Hakka mooncake\n^\n\"MOONCAKE - Cambridge Dictionary\"\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 20 February 2018\n. Retrieved\n9 April\n2023\n.\n^\n\"[黄涛]中秋节：月光里的温情与狂欢 · 中国民俗学网-中国民俗学会 · 主办 ·\"\n.\nwww.chinafolklore.org\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 16 September 2024\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"既是节气又是节日的清明\"\n.\nwww.visitbeijing.com.cn\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"Traditional Mooncakes in China - 12 Types of Regional Variations\"\n.\nTravelChinaGuide.com\n. 15 August 2019.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 8 September 2022\n. Retrieved\n8 September\n2022\n.\n^\n\"10 Most Popular Mooncake Flavors - Which one do you like?\"\n.\nTravelChinaGuide.com\n. 14 April 2021.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 10 September 2024\n. Retrieved\n8 September\n2022\n.\n^\nAsianweek\nArchived\n26 May 2010 at the\nWayback Machine\n^\n\"Mid-Autumn Festival\"\n.\nwww.roots.gov.sg\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 23 July 2021\n. Retrieved\n22 July\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Mid-Autumn Festival in Other Asian Countries\"\n.\nTravelchinaguide.com\n. Archived from\nthe original\non 10 September 2018\n. Retrieved\n27 May\n2017\n.\n^\nParulis-Cook, Sienna.\n\"Mooncakes: China's Evolving Tradition\"\n.\nThe Atlantic\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 18 September 2017\n. Retrieved\n27 May\n2017\n.\n^\n\"Customs around the Mid-Autumn Festival\"\n.\nChina Today\n. 7 September 2016.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 5 December 2018\n. Retrieved\n27 May\n2017\n.\n^\n\"人民日报海外版-人民网\"\n.\npaper.people.com.cn\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 23 July 2025\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"月饼：传统与团结的美味象征\"\n.\niweiyi.com - Flowers and Gifts Delivery in China\n(in Chinese).\nArchived\nfrom the original on 15 November 2025\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n爱诗礼 (17 September 2024).\n\"庆祝中国中秋节：传统、传说和文化意义 - 马林少林功夫学院\"\n.\nMaling Shaolin Kung Fu Academy\n(in Chinese (China))\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"The Revolutionary History Of Mooncakes\"\n.\nMorning Edition\n. 14 September 2019.\nNPR\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 6 November 2020\n. Retrieved\n17 October\n2020\n.\n^\nFrost, Natasha (11 August 2017).\n\"Did Mooncakes Help the Chinese Overthrow the Mongols?: On the enduring power of myth and metaphor\"\n.\nAtlas Obscura\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 11 August 2021\n. Retrieved\n17 October\n2020\n.\n^\nPhipps, Gavin (6 September 2003).\n\"A new mooncake rising - Taipei Times\"\n.\nTaipei Times\n. p. 16.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 2 October 2018\n. Retrieved\n2 October\n2018\n.\n^\n\"月饼小知识-新华网\"\n.\nwww.xinhuanet.com\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"莲蓉月饼的莲蓉是什么\"\n.\nwww.sohu.com\n. Retrieved\n28 October\n2025\n.\n[\ndead link\n]\n^\n\"月饼_中国国情_中国网\"\n.\nguoqing.china.com.cn\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"Types Of Mooncake – Moon Festival\"\n.\nMoonfestivalblog.com\n. June 2021. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022\n. Retrieved\n13 April\n2022\n.\n^\n\"月饼承载记忆与情感\"\n.\npaper.people.com.cn\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n鳳凰衛視中文台, 12 September 2008\n^\nZhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022).\n\"Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging\"\n.\nArt & Design Research\n.\n3\n(1).\ndoi\n:\n10.37420\/j.adr.2021.010\n(inactive 10 January 2026).\nISSN\n \n2692-3173\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 12 December 2025\n. Retrieved\n12 December\n2025\n.\n{{\ncite journal\n}}\n:  CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 (\nlink\n)\n^\nYang, Lemei (15 October 2017).\n\"China's Mid-Autumn Day\"\n.\nExproxy\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 21 September 2020\n. Retrieved\n15 February\n2019\n.\n^\n\"\n\"洋味\"月饼飘香传统中秋佳节-新华网\"\n.\nwww.xinhuanet.com\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\n\"冰皮月饼系列 Snow Skin Series Archives - Tai Thong Mooncake\"\n.\nTai Thong\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 16 November 2025\n. Retrieved\n2 November\n2025\n.\n^\nSheila, McNamara (1996).\n\"Mooncakes over Hong Kong\"\n.\nFar Eastern Economic Review\n.\n159\n: 51.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 21 September 2020\n. Retrieved\n19 February\n2019\n.\n^\n\"Is a High-End \"Mooncake Bubble\" Forming in China? « Jing Daily : The Business of Luxury and Culture in China\"\n. Archived from\nthe original\non 6 September 2010\n. Retrieved\n19 September\n2010\n.\n^\n\"Asia Tatler\"\n.\nAsiatatler.com\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 21 September 2020\n. Retrieved\n2 October\n2018\n.\n^\nZhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022).\n\"Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging\"\n.\nArt & Design Research\n.\n3\n(1).\ndoi\n:\n10.37420\/j.adr.2021.010\n(inactive 10 January 2026).\nISSN\n \n2692-3173\n.\n{{\ncite journal\n}}\n:  CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 (\nlink\n)\n^\n\"Dark side of the mooncakes: how to stop millions ending up in landfills\"\n.\nSouth China Morning Post\n. 13 September 2023.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 10 February 2026\n. Retrieved\n12 December\n2025\n.\n^\n\"8 new Hong Kong mooncake flavors for 2016: the best and the rest – our verdict\"\n.\nSCMP Food & Drink\n. 25 August 2016.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 31 August 2018\n. Retrieved\n31 August\n2018\n.\n^\nTiffany Lam; Virginia Lau (29 September 2009).\n\"The Mooncake Challenge\"\n.\nCNN Go\n. Archived from\nthe original\non 4 October 2012\n. Retrieved\n11 August\n2012\n.\n^\n\"Taiwanese Mooncake\"\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 27 May 2022\n. Retrieved\n24 August\n2022\n.\n^\nMedia, Kompas Cyber (21 September 2021).\n\"Apakah Kue Bulan Tradisional Selalu Mengandung Minyak Babi?\"\n.\nKompas.com\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 7 October 2024\n. Retrieved\n4 October\n2024\n.\n^\n\"Top 10 mooncakes for 2014\"\n.\nCcfoodtravel.com\n. 13 August 2014.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 1 October 2015.\n^\n\"Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake\"\n. November 2019.\nArchived\nfrom the original on 6 November 2020\n. Retrieved\n23 September\n2020\n.\nChinatownology – Moon cakes and social solidarity\nOrigin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake\nWhat is Mooncake?","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mooncake \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mooncake \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPersonal tools\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mooncake \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mooncake \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake)\n- [1 General description](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#General_description)\n- [2 History](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#History)\n  Toggle History subsection\n  - [2\\.1 Mid-Autumn Festival](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Mid-Autumn_Festival)\n  - [2\\.2 Ming Revolution](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Ming_Revolution)\n- [3 Traditional styles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Traditional_styles)\n  Toggle Traditional styles subsection\n  - [3\\.1 Fillings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Fillings)\n  - [3\\.2 Crusts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Crusts)\n  - [3\\.3 Regional variations in China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Regional_variations_in_China)\n- [4 Contemporary styles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Contemporary_styles)\n  Toggle Contemporary styles subsection\n  - [4\\.1 Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Waste_and_Over-packaging_Behind_Mooncake)\n  - [4\\.2 Fillings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Fillings_2)\n  - [4\\.3 Crusts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Crusts_2)\n- [5 Use in other countries and regions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Use_in_other_countries_and_regions)\n  Toggle Use in other countries and regions subsection\n  - [5\\.1 East Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#East_Asia)\n    - [5\\.1.1 Mongolia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Mongolia)\n    - [5\\.1.2 Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Japan)\n    - [5\\.1.3 Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Taiwan)\n  - [5\\.2 Southeast Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Southeast_Asia)\n    - [5\\.2.1 Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Indonesia)\n    - [5\\.2.2 Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Malaysia)\n    - [5\\.2.3 Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Singapore)\n    - [5\\.2.4 Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Thailand)\n    - [5\\.2.5 Vietnam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Vietnam)\n- [6 Gallery](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#Gallery)\n- [7 See also](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#See_also)\n- [8 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#References)\n- [9 External links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#External_links)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Mooncake\n48 languages\n\n- [Afrikaans](https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maankoekie \"Maankoekie – Afrikaans\")\n- [العربية](https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%83%D8%B9%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1 \"كعك القمر – Arabic\")\n- [অসমীয়া](https:\/\/as.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95 \"মুনকেক – Assamese\")\n- [Azərbaycanca](https:\/\/az.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yuebin \"Yuebin – Azerbaijani\")\n- [Català](https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Past%C3%ADs_de_lluna \"Pastís de lluna – Catalan\")\n- [閩東語 \/ Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄](https:\/\/cdo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ngu%C5%8Fk-bi%C4%81ng \"Nguŏk-biāng – Mindong\")\n- [Čeština](https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C4%9Bs%C3%AD%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_kol%C3%A1%C4%8D \"Měsíční koláč – Czech\")\n- [Dansk](https:\/\/da.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A5nekage \"Månekage – Danish\")\n- [Deutsch](https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mondkuchen \"Mondkuchen – German\")\n- [Esperanto](https:\/\/eo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lunkuko \"Lunkuko – Esperanto\")\n- [Español](https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastel_de_luna \"Pastel de luna – Spanish\")\n- [فارسی](https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87 \"کیک ماه – Persian\")\n- [Suomi](https:\/\/fi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuukakku \"Kuukakku – Finnish\")\n- [Français](https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A2teau_de_lune \"Gâteau de lune – French\")\n- [贛語](https:\/\/gan.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%8B%E9%A4%85 \"中秋餅 – Gan\")\n- [客家語 \/ Hak-kâ-ngî](https:\/\/hak.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ngie%CC%8Dt-k%C3%B4ng-k%C3%A2u \"Ngie̍t-kông-kâu – Hakka Chinese\")\n- [עברית](https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%92%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%97 \"עוגת ירח – Hebrew\")\n- [Magyar](https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holds%C3%BCtem%C3%A9ny \"Holdsütemény – Hungarian\")\n- [Հայերեն](https:\/\/hy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6 \"Յուեբին – Armenian\")\n- [Bahasa Indonesia](https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kue_bulan \"Kue bulan – Indonesian\")\n- [Italiano](https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_lunare \"Torta lunare – Italian\")\n- [日本語](https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"月餅 – Japanese\")\n- [Jawa](https:\/\/jv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuw%C3%A9_rembulan \"Kuwé rembulan – Javanese\")\n- [ქართული](https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98 \"მთვარის ნამცხვარი – Georgian\")\n- [한국어](https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EC%9B%94%EB%B3%91 \"월병 – Korean\")\n- [Bahasa Melayu](https:\/\/ms.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuih_bulan \"Kuih bulan – Malay\")\n- [မြန်မာဘာသာ](https:\/\/my.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA \"လမုန့် – Burmese\")\n- [Nederlands](https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maankoek \"Maankoek – Dutch\")\n- [Norsk nynorsk](https:\/\/nn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A5nekake \"Månekake – Norwegian Nynorsk\")\n- [Norsk bokmål](https:\/\/no.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A5nekake \"Månekake – Norwegian Bokmål\")\n- [Polski](https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciasteczka_ksi%C4%99%C5%BCycowe \"Ciasteczka księżycowe – Polish\")\n- [Português](https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolo_lunar \"Bolo lunar – Portuguese\")\n- [Русский](https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA \"Лунный пряник – Russian\")\n- [Српски \/ srpski](https:\/\/sr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87 \"Мјесечев колач – Serbian\")\n- [Sunda](https:\/\/su.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kue_bulan \"Kue bulan – Sundanese\")\n- [Svenska](https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C3%A5nkaka \"Månkaka – Swedish\")\n- [ไทย](https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C \"ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์ – Thai\")\n- [Türkçe](https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ay_keki \"Ay keki – Turkish\")\n- [ئۇيغۇرچە \/ Uyghurche](https:\/\/ug.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%DA%86 \"ئايتوقاچ – Uyghur\")\n- [Українська](https:\/\/uk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA \"Мункейк – Ukrainian\")\n- [Oʻzbekcha \/ ўзбекча](https:\/\/uz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oy_pirogi \"Oy pirogi – Uzbek\")\n- [Tiếng Việt](https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu \"Bánh trung thu – Vietnamese\")\n- [吴语](https:\/\/wuu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"月饼 – Wu\")\n- [Vahcuengh](https:\/\/za.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bingjronghndwen \"Bingjronghndwen – Zhuang\")\n- [文言](https:\/\/zh-classical.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"月餅 – Literary Chinese\")\n- [閩南語 \/ Bân-lâm-gí](https:\/\/zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goe%CC%8Dh-pi%C3%A1%E2%81%BF \"Goe̍h-piáⁿ – Minnan\")\n- [粵語](https:\/\/zh-yue.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"月餅 – Cantonese\")\n- [中文](https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"月饼 – Chinese\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q197969#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Mooncake \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Mooncake \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Mooncake \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&oldid=1342722272 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mooncake&id=1342722272&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMooncake)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mooncake&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikimedia Commons](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake)\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q197969 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nChinese baked item\n\nFor the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see [Moon pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon_pie \"Moon pie\").\n\nFor the animated character, see [Final Space](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Final_Space \"Final Space\").\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/99\/Question_book-new.svg\/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Question_book-new.svg) | This article **needs additional citations for 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. *Find sources:* [\"Mooncake\"](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mooncake%22) – [news](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mooncake%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) **·** [newspapers](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?&q=%22Mooncake%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) **·** [books](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mooncake%22+-wikipedia) **·** [scholar](https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?q=%22Mooncake%22) **·** [JSTOR](https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/action\/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mooncake%22&acc=on&wc=on) *(September 2021)* *([Learn how and when to remove this message](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Maintenance_template_removal \"Help:Maintenance template removal\"))* |\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![Mooncake](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/ba\/Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_3-4,_lotus_seed_paste.jpg \"Mooncake\")A Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste |   |\n| Type | [Pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry \"Pastry\") |\n| Course | Dessert |\n| Place of origin | [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China \"China\") |\n| Region or state | [East Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Asia \"East Asia\") and [Southeast Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia \"Southeast Asia\") |\n| Main ingredients | Crust: [lard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lard \"Lard\") or [vegetable oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetable_oil \"Vegetable oil\") Filling: [red bean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\") or [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\"), salted [egg yolk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_yolk \"Egg yolk\"), may or may not have additional ingredients |\n| [Food energy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_energy \"Food energy\") (per 100 [g](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gram \"Gram\") serving) | 416 [kcal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calorie \"Calorie\") (1,740 [kJ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kilojoule \"Kilojoule\")) (approximately) |\n| Chinese name |   |\n| [Traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\") | [月餅](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"wikt:月餅\") |\n| [Simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\") | [月饼](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"wikt:月饼\") |\n| [Hanyu Pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanyu_Pinyin \"Hanyu Pinyin\") | yuèbing, yuèbǐng |\n| Literal meaning | Moon cake\/biscuit |\n| Transcriptions |   |\n| [Standard Mandarin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standard_Chinese \"Standard Chinese\") |   |\n| [Hanyu Pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanyu_Pinyin \"Hanyu Pinyin\") | yuèbing, yuèbǐng |\n| [Wade–Giles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wade%E2%80%93Giles \"Wade–Giles\") | yüeh-ping |\n| [IPA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Mandarin \"Help:IPA\/Mandarin\") | [\\[ɥêpìŋ\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Mandarin \"Help:IPA\/Mandarin\") |\n| [Wu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wu_Chinese \"Wu Chinese\") |   |\n| [Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese \"Romanization of Wu Chinese\") | gniuq8\\-pin5   [\\[ɲyɪʔ piɲ\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Wu_Chinese \"Help:IPA\/Wu Chinese\") |\n| [Suzhounese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhounese \"Suzhounese\") | ngeq8\\-pin3   \\[ŋəʔ²² pin⁵¹\\] |\n| [Gan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gan_Chinese \"Gan Chinese\") |   |\n| Romanization | Ngiet7 biang3 |\n| [Hakka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakka_Chinese \"Hakka Chinese\") |   |\n| [Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka \"Guangdong Romanization\") | Ngat biang |\n| [Yue: Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\") |   |\n| [Yale Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese \"Yale romanization of Cantonese\") | yuht béng |\n| [Jyutping](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jyutping \"Jyutping\") | jyut6 beng2 |\n| [Southern Min](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Min \"Southern Min\") |   |\n| [Hokkien](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hokkien \"Hokkien\") [POJ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB \"Pe̍h-ōe-jī\") | go̍eh-piáⁿ |\n| Vietnamese name |   |\n| [Vietnamese alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_alphabet \"Vietnamese alphabet\") | *bánh Trung thu* |\n| [Chữ Nôm](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m \"Chữ Nôm\") | 餅中秋 |\n| Khmer name |   |\n| [Khmer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khmer_language \"Khmer language\") | នំព្រះច័ន្ទ |\n| [![Wikimedia Commons logo](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg) [Media: Mooncake](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Mooncakes \"commons:Category:Mooncakes\") |   |\n\n|   |\n|---|\n| Part of a series on |\n| [Chinese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cuisine \"Chinese cuisine\") |\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8d\/ChineseDishLogo.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:ChineseDishLogo.png) |\n| [Regional cuisines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_regional_cuisine \"Chinese regional cuisine\") Four Great Traditions [Chuan (Sichuan)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sichuan_cuisine \"Sichuan cuisine\") [Lu (Shandong)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shandong_cuisine \"Shandong cuisine\") [Yue (Guangdong)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\") [Huaiyang (Jiangsu)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huaiyang_cuisine \"Huaiyang cuisine\") Eight Great Traditions (+all above) [Anhui](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anhui_cuisine \"Anhui cuisine\") [Fujian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fujian_cuisine \"Fujian cuisine\") [Hunan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunan_cuisine \"Hunan cuisine\") [Zhejiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhejiang_cuisine \"Zhejiang cuisine\") Ten Great Traditions (+all above) [Beijing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beijing_cuisine \"Beijing cuisine\") [Shanghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_cuisine \"Shanghai cuisine\") Twelve Great Traditions (+all above) [Henan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henan_cuisine \"Henan cuisine\") [Shaanxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shaanxi_cuisine \"Shaanxi cuisine\") Fourteen Great Traditions (+all above) [Hubei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hubei_cuisine \"Hubei cuisine\") [Liaoning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liaoning_cuisine \"Liaoning cuisine\") Sixteen Great Traditions (+all above) [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin_cuisine \"Tianjin cuisine\") [Yunnan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan_cuisine \"Yunnan cuisine\") New Eight Great Traditions [Gansu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gansu_cuisine \"Gansu cuisine\") [Hangzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style \"Zhejiang cuisine\") [Jilin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jilin_cuisine \"Jilin cuisine\") [Liaoning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liaoning_cuisine \"Liaoning cuisine\") [Ningbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style \"Zhejiang cuisine\") [Shaanxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shaanxi_cuisine \"Shaanxi cuisine\") [Shanghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_cuisine \"Shanghai cuisine\") [Shanxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanxi_cuisine \"Shanxi cuisine\") Beijing and the vicinity [Beijing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beijing_cuisine \"Beijing cuisine\") [Imperial](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_imperial_cuisine \"Chinese imperial cuisine\") [Aristocrat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_aristocrat_cuisine \"Chinese aristocrat cuisine\") [Tianjin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tianjin_cuisine \"Tianjin cuisine\") Other regional styles [Teochew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teochew_cuisine \"Teochew cuisine\") [Guangxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangxi_cuisine \"Guangxi cuisine\") [Guizhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guizhou_cuisine \"Guizhou cuisine\") [Hainan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hainan_cuisine \"Hainan cuisine\") [Haipai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haipai_cuisine \"Haipai cuisine\") [Hakka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakka_cuisine \"Hakka cuisine\") [Hong Kong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_cuisine \"Hong Kong cuisine\") [Jiangxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiangxi_cuisine \"Jiangxi cuisine\") [Macanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macanese_cuisine \"Macanese cuisine\") [Manchu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manchu_cuisine \"Manchu cuisine\") [Northeastern](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northeastern_Chinese_cuisine \"Northeastern Chinese cuisine\") [Putian (Henghwa)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Putian_cuisine \"Putian cuisine\") [Qinghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qinghai_cuisine \"Qinghai cuisine\") [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwanese_cuisine \"Taiwanese cuisine\") [Tibetan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tibetan_cuisine \"Tibetan cuisine\") [Xinjiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xinjiang_cuisine \"Xinjiang cuisine\") |\n| Overseas cuisine [Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_Chinese_cuisine \"Australian Chinese cuisine\") [Britain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Chinese_cuisine \"British Chinese cuisine\") [Burma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Chinese_cuisine \"Burmese Chinese cuisine\") [Cambodia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine \"Cambodian Chinese cuisine\") [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine \"Canadian Chinese cuisine\") [Caribbean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caribbean_Chinese_cuisine \"Caribbean Chinese cuisine\") [Philippines](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine \"Filipino Chinese cuisine\") [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Chinese_cuisine \"Indian Chinese cuisine\") [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine \"Chinese Indonesian cuisine\") [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_Chinese_cuisine \"Japanese Chinese cuisine\") [Latin America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Latin_American_cuisine \"Chinese Latin American cuisine\") [Perú](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chifa \"Chifa\") [Puerto Rico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puerto_Rican_Chinese_cuisine \"Puerto Rican Chinese cuisine\") [Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_Chinese_cuisine \"Korean Chinese cuisine\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine \"Malaysian Chinese cuisine\") [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Zealand_Chinese_cuisine \"New Zealand Chinese cuisine\") [Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine \"Pakistani Chinese cuisine\") [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singaporean_cuisine#Chinese \"Singaporean cuisine\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Chinese_cuisine \"American Chinese cuisine\") |\n| Religious cuisines [Buddhist](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Buddhist_cuisine \"Chinese Buddhist cuisine\") [Islamic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine \"Chinese Islamic cuisine\") [Taoist](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taoist_diet \"Taoist diet\") |\n| Ingredients and types of food [Main dishes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_dishes \"List of Chinese dishes\") [Desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_desserts \"Chinese desserts\") [Noodles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_noodles \"Chinese noodles\") |\n| [Preparation and cooking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cooking_techniques \"Chinese cooking techniques\") [Stir frying](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stir_frying \"Stir frying\") [Double steaming](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_steaming \"Double steaming\") [Red cooking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_cooking \"Red cooking\") |\n| See also [Customs and etiquette](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Chinese_dining \"Customs and etiquette in Chinese dining\") [List of Chinese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_desserts \"List of Chinese desserts\") [List of Chinese dishes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_dishes \"List of Chinese dishes\") [List of Chinese restaurants](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_restaurants \"List of Chinese restaurants\") [List of restaurants in China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_restaurants_in_China \"List of restaurants in China\") |\n| [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/80\/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg\/20px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Asia_\$orthographic_projection\$.svg) [Asia portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Asia \"Portal:Asia\") ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fa\/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg\/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [China portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:China \"Portal:China\") ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/72\/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg\/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [Taiwan portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Taiwan \"Portal:Taiwan\") ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5b\/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg\/20px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png) [Hong Kong portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Hong_Kong \"Portal:Hong Kong\") ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/48\/Flag_of_Singapore.svg\/20px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png) [Singapore portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Singapore \"Portal:Singapore\") ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/66\/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg\/20px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png) [Malaysia portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Malaysia \"Portal:Malaysia\") |\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Chinese_cuisine \"Template:Chinese cuisine\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Chinese_cuisine \"Template talk:Chinese cuisine\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Chinese_cuisine \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Chinese cuisine\") |\n\nA **mooncake** ([simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): [月饼](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"wikt:月饼\"); [traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"): [月餅](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"wikt:月餅\")) is a [Chinese baked item](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_bakery_products \"Chinese bakery products\") traditionally eaten during the [Mid-Autumn Festival](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mid-Autumn_Festival \"Mid-Autumn Festival\") (中秋節).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-1) The festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to [moon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon \"Moon\") watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-2) Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important [Chinese festivals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_festivals \"Chinese festivals\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-3)\n\nThere are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in [overseas Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overseas_Chinese \"Overseas Chinese\") communities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-4) is a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm (1\\+1⁄4–1\\+1⁄2 in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") (other typical fillings include [red bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\") or mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1\/8 of an inch) crust and may contain [yolks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yolk \"Yolk\") from [salted duck eggs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_duck_egg \"Salted duck egg\").[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-5)\n\nMooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by [tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_tea \"Chinese tea\"). Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents,[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-6) encouraging the market for high-end mooncakes.\n\nJust as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region,[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-7) mooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-8)[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-9)[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-10)\n\n## General description\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: General description\")\\]\n\nMost mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted [egg yolks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_yolks \"Egg yolks\") in the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-11)\n\nTraditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the [Chinese characters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_character \"Chinese character\") for \"[longevity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longevity \"Longevity\")\" or \"harmony\", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-12) Imprints of the Moon, the [Chinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chang%27e \"Chang'e\"), flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration.\n\n## History\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: History\")\\]\n\n### Mid-Autumn Festival\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Mid-Autumn Festival\")\\]\n\nThe festival is intricately linked to [legends of Chang’e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mid-Autumn_Festival#Moon_worship \"Mid-Autumn Festival\"), the Moon [Goddess](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goddess \"Goddess\") of [Immortality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Immortality \"Immortality\").[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-13) According to the *[Liji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liji \"Liji\")*, an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called \"Mid-Autumn\". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called \"Night of the Moon\".\n\nBecause of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'.\n\n### Ming Revolution\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: Ming Revolution\")\\]\n\nThere is a folk tale about the overthrow of the [Yuan dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yuan_dynasty \"Yuan dynasty\") facilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes.\n\nMooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the [Mongol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongols \"Mongols\")\\-led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the [Ming dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ming_dynasty \"Ming dynasty\").[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-npr-2019sep14-14)[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-ao-2017aug11-15) The idea is said to have been conceived by [Zhu Yuanzhang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhu_Yuanzhang \"Zhu Yuanzhang\") and his advisor [Liu Bowen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liu_Bowen \"Liu Bowen\"), who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user. This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes. The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-16)\n\nAnother method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic. To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts. The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message. The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message.\n\n## Traditional styles\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: Traditional styles\")\\]\n\n### Fillings\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Fillings\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6a\/Lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)\n\nCut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk \"moon\"\n\nMany types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes:[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-17)\n\n- **[Lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\")** (蓮蓉, *lían róng*): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes.[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-18)White lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler.\n- **[Sweet bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweet_bean_paste \"Sweet bean paste\")** (豆沙, *dòu shā*): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although [red bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\"), made from [azuki beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azuki_bean \"Azuki bean\"), is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from [mung beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean \"Mung bean\"), as well as [black beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_bean_paste \"Black bean paste\").\n- **[Jujube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jujube \"Jujube\") paste** (棗泥, *zǎo ní*): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity\/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler.\n- **Five kernels** (五仁, *wǔ rén*) or **mixed nuts**: A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with [maltose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltose \"Maltose\") syrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include: [walnuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walnut \"Walnut\"), [pumpkin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pumpkin \"Pumpkin\") seeds, [watermelon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watermelon \"Watermelon\") seeds, [peanuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut \"Peanut\"), [sesame](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sesame \"Sesame\") seeds, or [almonds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Almond \"Almond\"). The mixture for the filling also contains candied [winter melon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winter_melon \"Winter melon\"), [jinhua ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jinhua_ham \"Jinhua ham\"), or pieces of [rock sugar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rock_candy \"Rock candy\") as additional flavoring.\n\n### Crusts\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: Crusts\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/39\/Moon_Cakes.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cakes.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cakes.jpg)\n\nMooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 (*jinmen danhuang*), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named \"Golden Gate\". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them.\n\nTraditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although [vegetarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetarian \"Vegetarian\") mooncakes may use [vegetable oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetable_oil \"Vegetable oil\"), many mooncakes use [lard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lard \"Lard\") in their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in [Chinese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cuisine \"Chinese cuisine\"):[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-19)\n\n- **Chewy**: This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\")\\-style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in [North America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_America \"North America\") and many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup, [lye](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lye \"Lye\") water (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 \\[Na2CO3\\]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding [maltose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltose \"Maltose\") syrup to the mixture.\n  - The dough is also baked into [fish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish \"Fish\") or [piglet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pig \"Pig\") shapes ([Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): 猪仔饼; [Cantonese Yale](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese \"Yale romanization of Cantonese\"): *jyū jái béng*;\n    lit.\n    'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale.\n- **Flaky**: Flaky crusts are most indicative of [Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\- and [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan \"Taiwan\")\\-style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been [stir-fried](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stir_frying \"Stir frying\") in oil. This crust has a texture similar to [puff pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puff_pastry \"Puff pastry\").\n- **Tender**: Mooncakes from certain provinces of [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China \"China\")\\[*[which?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words \"Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words\")*\\] are often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the [shortcrust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortcrust_pastry \"Shortcrust pastry\") used in Western [pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pie \"Pie\") crusts or [tart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tart \"Tart\") shells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the [egg tart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_tart \"Egg tart\").\n- **Crumbly**: [Yunnan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan \"Yunnan\")\\-style mooncakes are made using a [hot water crust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hot_water_crust_pastry \"Hot water crust pastry\") that combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere.[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-20)\n\n### Regional variations in China\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=8 \"Edit section: Regional variations in China\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg\/250px-Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)\n\nMooncakes from Malaysia\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)\n\nCantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including [salted duck egg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_duck_egg \"Salted duck egg\") yolk and [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") as fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/70\/Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)\n\nCantonese-style mooncake with five nuts\/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bc\/Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg\/250px-Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)\n\n[Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncakes with minced pork filling\n\nThere are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include:[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-21)\n\n- **[Beijing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beijing_cuisine \"Beijing cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This style has two variations. One, called *di qiang*, was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called \"*fan mao*\", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain [hawthorn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhaphiolepis \"Rhaphiolepis\") and [wisteria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wisteria \"Wisteria\") blossom flavors.\n- **[Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: Originating from [Guangdong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong \"Guangdong\") and [Guangxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangxi \"Guangxi\") provinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken, [duck](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duck_\$food\$ \"Duck (food)\"), roast [pork](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pork \"Pork\"), [mushrooms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edible_mushroom \"Edible mushroom\"), egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four [phases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon_phase \"Moon phase\") of the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly.[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-22)\n- **[Shanghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_cuisine \"Shanghai cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling.\n- **[Hong Kong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_cuisine \"Hong Kong cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While [Hongkongers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongkongers \"Hongkongers\") typically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as [snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\") have been appearing over the last few decades.\n- **[Teochew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teochew_cuisine \"Teochew cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The [Teochew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaozhou_people \"Chaozhou people\") also have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) ([simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): 莲花酥月饼; [traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"): 蓮花酥月餅; [pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pinyin \"Pinyin\"): *Liánhuā sū yuèbǐng*), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as \"la bia\" ([朥饼](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E6%9C%A5%E9%A5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1 \"朥饼 (page does not exist)\")) in the [Chaoshan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaoshan \"Chaoshan\") region in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry.\n- **[Ningbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ningbo \"Ningbo\")\\-style mooncake**: This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in [Zhejiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhejiang \"Zhejiang\") province, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either [seaweed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edible_seaweed \"Edible seaweed\") or [ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ham \"Ham\"); it is also known for its [spicy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spice \"Spice\") and salty flavor.\n- **[Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncake**: This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky [dough](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dough \"Dough\") and generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties. [Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽, *jiāoyán*) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes.\n- **[Meizhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meizhou \"Meizhou\")\\-style mooncake**\n- **Southern Min-style mooncake**\n- **[Wenzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wenzhou \"Wenzhou\")\\-style mooncake**\n- **[Yunnan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan \"Yunnan\")\\-style mooncake**: The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including [rice flour](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rice_flour \"Rice flour\"), [wheat flour](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wheat_flour \"Wheat flour\"), and [buckwheat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buckwheat \"Buckwheat\") flour, and a filling that combines [Xuanwei ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xuanwei_ham \"Xuanwei ham\") and [sugar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sugar \"Sugar\").\n\n## Contemporary styles\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=9 \"Edit section: Contemporary styles\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/66\/Yam_mooncake1.jpg\/250px-Yam_mooncake1.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yam_mooncake1.jpg)\n\nJelly mooncake with yam-paste filling\n\nOver time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-23) Part of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences.[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-24)\n\nSome of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then. [Taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro \"Taro\") paste (芋泥, *yù ní*), [pineapple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\") and [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\") were amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in [Southeast Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia \"Southeast Asia\").[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-25)The crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of \"[snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\")\".[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-26) It is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-27) Miniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes.\n\nTo adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of [yogurt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yogurt \"Yogurt\"), [jelly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fruit_preserves \"Fruit preserves\"), and fat-free [ice-cream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ice-cream \"Ice-cream\"). Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet.\n\nContemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a \"mooncake bubble\" forming in China.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-28) Food critics sometimes point out that \"chocolate mooncakes\" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-29)\n\n### Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=10 \"Edit section: Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake\")\\]\n\nMooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped.[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-30)\n\nDuring Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-31)\n\n### Fillings\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=11 \"Edit section: Fillings\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/69\/Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)\n\nMooncake filling\n\nFillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing [taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro \"Taro\") paste and [pineapple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\"), which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as [coffee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee \"Coffee\"), [chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate \"Chocolate\"), nuts (e.g., [walnuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walnut \"Walnut\"), [mixed nuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mixed_nuts \"Mixed nuts\"), etc.), fruits (e.g., [prunes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prune_\$fruit\$ \"Prune (fruit)\"), [pineapples](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\"), [melons](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Melon \"Melon\"), [lychees](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lychee \"Lychee\"), etc.), vegetables (e.g., [sweet potatoes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweet_potato \"Sweet potato\"), etc.), and even [ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ham \"Ham\") have been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes.\n\nSome other examples include\n\n- [cream cheese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_cheese \"Cream cheese\")\n- [chicken floss](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rousong \"Rousong\")\n- [tiramisu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiramisu \"Tiramisu\")\n- [green tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_tea \"Green tea\")\n- [pandan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandan_\$cake\$ \"Pandan (cake)\")\n- [purple yam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purple_yam \"Purple yam\")\n- [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\")\n- [ice cream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ice_cream \"Ice cream\") (variety of flavors)\n- [chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate \"Chocolate\")\n- [strawberry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strawberry \"Strawberry\")\n- [coffee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee \"Coffee\")\n- [peanut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut \"Peanut\")\n- [mango pomelo sago](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mango_pomelo_sago \"Mango pomelo sago\")\n- [mala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mala_\$seasoning\$ \"Mala (seasoning)\")\n- lava custard[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-32)\n\n[![Snow skin fruity mooncakes](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg\/250px-Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)\n\nSnow skin fruity mooncakes\n\nTraditional Chinese delicacies such as [ginseng](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ginseng \"Ginseng\") and [bird's nest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiftlet \"Swiftlet\") were soon followed by [abalone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abalone \"Abalone\") and [shark fin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_fin_soup \"Shark fin soup\"). Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in. [Häagen-Dazs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H%C3%A4agen-Dazs \"Häagen-Dazs\") were one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the \"traditional,\" snow-skin, or [Belgian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belgian_chocolate \"Belgian chocolate\")\/[Swiss](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiss_chocolate \"Swiss chocolate\") white, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even [Black truffles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_truffles \"Black truffles\"), [caviar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caviar \"Caviar\") and [foie gras](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foie_gras \"Foie gras\") have made it into mooncakes.\n\n### Crusts\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=12 \"Edit section: Crusts\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ec\/Pink_jelly2.jpg\/250px-Pink_jelly2.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pink_jelly2.jpg)\n\nPink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling\n\nSnowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts:\n\n- **[Glutinous rice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glutinous_rice \"Glutinous rice\")**: A crust with texture similar to that of a [mochi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mochi \"Mochi\"). This is a [snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\"). These moon cakes are known [colloquially](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colloquial \"Colloquial\") as \"*snowskin mooncakes*\", \"*ice-skin mooncakes*\" or \"*snowy mooncakes*\" (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅).[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-cnn-33)\n- **Jelly**: A crust made of gelling mixtures such as [agar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Agar \"Agar\"), [gelatin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gelatin \"Gelatin\"), or [konjac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konjac \"Konjac\") and flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings.\n\n## Use in other countries and regions\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=13 \"Edit section: Use in other countries and regions\")\\]\n\n### East Asia\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=14 \"Edit section: East Asia\")\\]\n\n#### Mongolia\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=15 \"Edit section: Mongolia\")\\]\n\nMooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling.\n\n#### Japan\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=16 \"Edit section: Japan\")\\]\n\nMooncakes in Japan are known as *geppei* (月餅), a transliteration of the Chinese name. Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's [Chinatowns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinatown \"Chinatown\"). [Azuki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azuki \"Azuki\") (red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used.\n\n#### Taiwan\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=17 \"Edit section: Taiwan\")\\]\n\nThe most traditional mooncake found within [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan \"Taiwan\") resembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with [mochi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mochi \"Mochi\") in the center. The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled [mung bean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean \"Mung bean\") (*lu dou*) or [taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro_cake \"Taro cake\") paste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-34) Modern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions. Popular modern flavors include [green tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_tea \"Green tea\"), chocolate, strawberry and [tiramisu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiramisu \"Tiramisu\").\n\n### Southeast Asia\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=18 \"Edit section: Southeast Asia\")\\]\n\n#### Indonesia\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=19 \"Edit section: Indonesia\")\\]\n\nIn [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia \"Indonesia\"), there are several main types of mooncakes,\\[*[quantify](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Dates_and_numbers \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Dates and numbers\")*\\] from the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk, [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\"), [jackfruit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jackfruit \"Jackfruit\") and many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season.\n\nAs a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with [halal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halal \"Halal\") ingredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or [peanut oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut_oil \"Peanut oil\")[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-35) and filled with [mung bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean_paste \"Mung bean paste\").\n\n#### Malaysia\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=20 \"Edit section: Malaysia\")\\]\n\nThere are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes; [George Town](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Town,_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Kuala Lumpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") and [Sabah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sabah \"Sabah\"). Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure [Hunan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunan \"Hunan\") lotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk.[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-36)\n\n#### Singapore\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=21 \"Edit section: Singapore\")\\]\n\n[![Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore.](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/67\/Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)\n\nMooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore\n\nIn [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore \"Singapore\"), mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes. Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts, [osmanthus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osmanthus \"Osmanthus\"), orange peel and melon seeds.\n\nSnowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes.\n\nMooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US\\$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends.\n\n#### Thailand\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=22 \"Edit section: Thailand\")\\]\n\nIn [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"), mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in [Thai-Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_Chinese \"Thai Chinese\") bakeries during festival season. In [Bangkok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangkok \"Bangkok\"), traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to [Chinatown](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinatown,_Bangkok \"Chinatown, Bangkok\") on [Yaowarat Road](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yaowarat_Road \"Yaowarat Road\"), but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets.\n\n#### Vietnam\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=23 \"Edit section: Vietnam\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/35\/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG\/250px-B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)\n\nA box with *bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) and *bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a4\/B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg\/250px-B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)\n\nVietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk\n\nIn Vietnam, mooncakes are known as *bánh trung thu*[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-37) (literally \"mid-autumn cake\"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake: *bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) and *bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake).\n\nIt can be said that *bánh nướng* and *bánh dẻo* are two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the [Tết Trung Thu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%E1%BA%BFt_Trung_Thu \"Tết Trung Thu\") season. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found.\n\nVietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately.\n\n*Bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning.\n\n*Bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than *bánh nướng*. The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However, *bánh dẻo* is not as popular as *bánh nướng*.\n\n## Gallery\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=24 \"Edit section: Gallery\")\\]\n\n- [![Baked moon cake from Vietnam](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/58\/Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG\/250px-Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG \"Baked moon cake from Vietnam\")\n  Baked moon cake from Vietnam\n- [![Commercial brand Mooncake](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c0\/Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg\/250px-Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg \"Commercial brand Mooncake\")\n  Commercial brand Mooncake\n- [![Mooncakes](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/be\/Moon_Cakes2.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cakes2.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cakes2.jpg \"Mooncakes\")\n  Mooncakes\n- [![Mooncakes in Chengdu](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg\/250px-Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg \"Mooncakes in Chengdu\")\n  Mooncakes in Chengdu\n\n## See also\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=25 \"Edit section: See also\")\\]\n\n- [Bakpia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakpia \"Bakpia\") (Hopia)\n- [Bánh pía](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa \"Bánh pía\") – Vietnamese pastry\n- [Crystal cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crystal_cake \"Crystal cake\") – Chinese dessert\n- [List of Chinese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_desserts \"List of Chinese desserts\")\n- [Lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") – Chinese dessert ingredient\n- [Nian gao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nian_gao \"Nian gao\") – Chinese food\n- [Suncake (Taiwan)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suncake_\$Taiwan\$ \"Suncake (Taiwan)\") – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose\n- [Yueguangbing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yueguangbing \"Yueguangbing\") – Traditional Hakka mooncake\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=26 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"MOONCAKE - Cambridge Dictionary\"](https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/dictionary\/english\/mooncake). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180220072639\/https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/dictionary\/english\/mooncake) from the original on 20 February 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2023.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-2)**\n   [\"\\[黄涛\\]中秋节：月光里的温情与狂欢 · 中国民俗学网-中国民俗学会 · 主办 ·\"](https:\/\/www.chinafolklore.org\/web\/index.php?NewsID=5844). *www.chinafolklore.org*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240916170627\/https:\/\/chinafolklore.org\/web\/index.php?NewsID=5844) from the original on 16 September 2024. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-3)**\n   [\"既是节气又是节日的清明\"](https:\/\/www.visitbeijing.com.cn\/article\/47QoXIF8o8R). *www.visitbeijing.com.cn*. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-4)**\n   [\"Traditional Mooncakes in China - 12 Types of Regional Variations\"](https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/traditional-mooncakes.htm). *TravelChinaGuide.com*. 15 August 2019. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220908013201\/https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/traditional-mooncakes.htm) from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.\n5. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-5)**\n   [\"10 Most Popular Mooncake Flavors - Which one do you like?\"](https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/mooncake-flavors.htm). *TravelChinaGuide.com*. 14 April 2021. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240910005248\/https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/mooncake-flavors.htm) from the original on 10 September 2024. Retrieved 8 September 2022.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-6)** [Asianweek](http:\/\/www.asianweek.com\/092498\/coverstory.html) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100526115649\/http:\/\/asianweek.com\/092498\/coverstory.html) 26 May 2010 at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\")\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-7)**\n   [\"Mid-Autumn Festival\"](https:\/\/www.roots.gov.sg\/ich-landing\/ich\/mid-autumn-festival). *www.roots.gov.sg*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210723164148\/https:\/\/www.roots.gov.sg\/ich-landing\/ich\/mid-autumn-festival) from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-8)**\n   [\"Mid-Autumn Festival in Other Asian Countries\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180910094511\/https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/mid-autumn-asia.htm). *Travelchinaguide.com*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.travelchinaguide.com\/essential\/holidays\/mid-autumn-asia.htm) on 10 September 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2017.\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-9)**\n   Parulis-Cook, Sienna. [\"Mooncakes: China's Evolving Tradition\"](https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/health\/archive\/2009\/10\/mooncakes-chinas-evolving-tradition\/27723\/). *The Atlantic*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170918202400\/https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/health\/archive\/2009\/10\/mooncakes-chinas-evolving-tradition\/27723\/) from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-10)**\n    [\"Customs around the Mid-Autumn Festival\"](http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1490259\/1490259.htm). *China Today*. 7 September 2016. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181205171653\/http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/32618\/Document\/1490259\/1490259.htm) from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2017.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-11)**\n    [\"人民日报海外版-人民网\"](https:\/\/paper.people.com.cn\/rmrbhwb\/html\/2018-09\/22\/content_1882720.htm). *paper.people.com.cn*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250723043921\/https:\/\/paper.people.com.cn\/rmrbhwb\/html\/2018-09\/22\/content_1882720.htm) from the original on 23 July 2025. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n12. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-12)**\n    [\"月饼：传统与团结的美味象征\"](https:\/\/www.iweiyi.com\/zh\/content\/69-yue-bing-chuan-tong-yu-tuan-jie-di-mei-wei-xiang-zheng). *iweiyi.com - Flowers and Gifts Delivery in China* (in Chinese). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251115151156\/https:\/\/www.iweiyi.com\/zh\/content\/69-yue-bing-chuan-tong-yu-tuan-jie-di-mei-wei-xiang-zheng) from the original on 15 November 2025. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n13. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-13)**\n    爱诗礼 (17 September 2024). [\"庆祝中国中秋节：传统、传说和文化意义 - 马林少林功夫学院\"](https:\/\/shaolin-kungfu.com\/zh-CN\/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%8B%E8%8A%82\/). *Maling Shaolin Kung Fu Academy* (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n14. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-npr-2019sep14_14-0)**\n    [\"The Revolutionary History Of Mooncakes\"](https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/09\/14\/760780802\/the-revolutionary-history-of-mooncakes). *[Morning Edition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morning_Edition \"Morning Edition\")*. 14 September 2019. [NPR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NPR \"NPR\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201106163923\/https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/09\/14\/760780802\/the-revolutionary-history-of-mooncakes) from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.\n15. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-ao-2017aug11_15-0)**\n    Frost, Natasha (11 August 2017). [\"Did Mooncakes Help the Chinese Overthrow the Mongols?: On the enduring power of myth and metaphor\"](https:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/articles\/mooncakes-china-mongols-manchu-metaphor-uprising). *[Atlas Obscura](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atlas_Obscura \"Atlas Obscura\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210811201518\/https:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/articles\/mooncakes-china-mongols-manchu-metaphor-uprising) from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2020.\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-16)**\n    Phipps, Gavin (6 September 2003). [\"A new mooncake rising - Taipei Times\"](http:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/feat\/archives\/2003\/09\/06\/2003066764). *[Taipei Times](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taipei_Times \"Taipei Times\")*. p. 16. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181002180958\/http:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/feat\/archives\/2003\/09\/06\/2003066764) from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.\n17. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-17)**\n    [\"月饼小知识-新华网\"](http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/politics\/2016-09\/15\/c_129282286.htm). *www.xinhuanet.com*. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-18)**\n    [\"莲蓉月饼的莲蓉是什么\"](https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/www.sohu.com\/a\/454418044_120364295). *www.sohu.com*. Retrieved 28 October 2025.\n    \n    \\[*[dead link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot \"Wikipedia:Link rot\")*\\]\n19. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-19)**\n    [\"月饼\\_中国国情\\_中国网\"](http:\/\/guoqing.china.com.cn\/2023-09\/20\/content_116698269.htm). *guoqing.china.com.cn*. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n20. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-20)**\n    [\"Types Of Mooncake – Moon Festival\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220413145521\/https:\/\/moonfestivalblog.com\/types-of-mooncake-moon-festival\/). *Moonfestivalblog.com*. June 2021. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.\n21. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-21)**\n    [\"月饼承载记忆与情感\"](https:\/\/paper.people.com.cn\/rmrbhwb\/html\/2020-09\/26\/content_2011017.htm). *paper.people.com.cn*. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n22. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-22)** 鳳凰衛視中文台, 12 September 2008\n23. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-23)**\n    Zhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022). [\"Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging\"](https:\/\/masonpublish.org\/index.php\/the-art-design-research\/article\/view\/197). *Art & Design Research*. **3** (1). [doi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_\$identifier\$ \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10\\.37420\/j.adr.2021.010](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37420%2Fj.adr.2021.010) (inactive 10 January 2026). [ISSN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_\$identifier\$ \"ISSN (identifier)\") [2692-3173](https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2692-3173). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251212062716\/https:\/\/masonpublish.org\/index.php\/the-art-design-research\/article\/view\/197) from the original on 12 December 2025. Retrieved 12 December 2025.\n    \n    `{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 ([link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_January_2026 \"Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026\"))\n24. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-24)**\n    Yang, Lemei (15 October 2017). [\"China's Mid-Autumn Day\"](http:\/\/ezproxy01.hsu.edu.hk:2190\/ps\/i.do?&id=GALE%7CA158836938&v=2.1&u=hsuhk&it=r&p=LitRC&sw=w). *Exproxy*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200921071833\/https:\/\/ezproxy01.hsu.edu.hk\/login?qurl=http%3A%2F%2Fgo.galegroup.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fid%3DGALE%257CA158836938%26v%3D2.1%26u%3Dhsuhk%26it%3Dr%26p%3DLitRC%26sw%3Dw) from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2019.\n25. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-25)**\n    [\"\"洋味\"月饼飘香传统中秋佳节-新华网\"](http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/world\/2015-09\/25\/c_1116683833.htm). *www.xinhuanet.com*. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n26. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-26)**\n    [\"冰皮月饼系列 Snow Skin Series Archives - Tai Thong Mooncake\"](https:\/\/taithong.com.my\/product-category\/snow-skin\/). *Tai Thong*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251116005957\/https:\/\/taithong.com.my\/product-category\/snow-skin\/) from the original on 16 November 2025. Retrieved 2 November 2025.\n27. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-27)**\n    Sheila, McNamara (1996). [\"Mooncakes over Hong Kong\"](https:\/\/ezproxy01.hsu.edu.hk:2171\/ga\/default.aspx). *Far Eastern Economic Review*. **159**: 51. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200921071826\/https:\/\/ezproxy01.hsu.edu.hk\/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.factiva.com%2Fga%2Fdefault.aspx) from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2019.\n28. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-28)**\n    [\"Is a High-End \"Mooncake Bubble\" Forming in China? « Jing Daily : The Business of Luxury and Culture in China\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100906021731\/http:\/\/www.jingdaily.com\/en\/luxury\/is-a-high-end-mooncake-bubble-forming-in-china\/). Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.jingdaily.com\/en\/luxury\/is-a-high-end-mooncake-bubble-forming-in-china\/) on 6 September 2010. Retrieved 19 September 2010.\n29. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-29)**\n    [\"Asia Tatler\"](http:\/\/www.asiatatler.com\/hk\/top_stories.php?id=4204). *Asiatatler.com*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200921071853\/https:\/\/tatlerasiagroup.com\/?id=4204) from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2018.\n30. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-30)**\n    Zhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022). [\"Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging\"](https:\/\/masonpublish.org\/index.php\/the-art-design-research\/article\/view\/197). *Art & Design Research*. **3** (1). [doi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_\$identifier\$ \"Doi (identifier)\"):[10\\.37420\/j.adr.2021.010](https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37420%2Fj.adr.2021.010) (inactive 10 January 2026). [ISSN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_\$identifier\$ \"ISSN (identifier)\") [2692-3173](https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2692-3173).\n    \n    `{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 ([link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_January_2026 \"Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026\"))\n31. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-31)**\n    [\"Dark side of the mooncakes: how to stop millions ending up in landfills\"](https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/3234251\/heartbreaking-how-stop-millions-mooncakes-becoming-food-waste-give-surplus-ones-hong-kong-food). *South China Morning Post*. 13 September 2023. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20260210043824\/https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/3234251\/heartbreaking-how-stop-millions-mooncakes-becoming-food-waste-give-surplus-ones-hong-kong-food) from the original on 10 February 2026. Retrieved 12 December 2025.\n32. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-32)**\n    [\"8 new Hong Kong mooncake flavors for 2016: the best and the rest – our verdict\"](https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/2008377\/8-best-tasting-mooncakes-hong-kong). *SCMP Food & Drink*. 25 August 2016. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180831211710\/https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/2008377\/8-best-tasting-mooncakes-hong-kong) from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.\n33. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-cnn_33-0)**\n    Tiffany Lam; Virginia Lau (29 September 2009). [\"The Mooncake Challenge\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121004020459\/http:\/\/www.cnngo.com\/hong-kong\/eat\/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006). *CNN Go*. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.cnngo.com\/hong-kong\/eat\/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006\/) on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2012.\n34. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-34)**\n    [\"Taiwanese Mooncake\"](https:\/\/tecompanytea.com\/products\/taiwanese-mooncake). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220527065422\/https:\/\/tecompanytea.com\/products\/taiwanese-mooncake) from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.\n35. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-35)**\n    Media, Kompas Cyber (21 September 2021). [\"Apakah Kue Bulan Tradisional Selalu Mengandung Minyak Babi?\"](https:\/\/www.kompas.com\/food\/read\/2020\/10\/02\/212300475\/apakah-kue-bulan-tradisional-selalu-mengandung-minyak-babi). *Kompas.com*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20241007091645\/https:\/\/www.kompas.com\/food\/read\/2020\/10\/02\/212300475\/apakah-kue-bulan-tradisional-selalu-mengandung-minyak-babi) from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 4 October 2024.\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Top 10 mooncakes for 2014\"](http:\/\/ccfoodtravel.com\/2014\/08\/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014\/). *Ccfoodtravel.com*. 13 August 2014. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151001024114\/http:\/\/ccfoodtravel.com\/2014\/08\/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014\/) from the original on 1 October 2015.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake\"](https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/). November 2019. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201106155844\/https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/) from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2020.\n\n## External links\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=27 \"Edit section: External links\")\\]\n\n- [Chinatownology – Moon cakes and social solidarity](http:\/\/www.chinatownology.com\/mooncakes.html)\n- [Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake](https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/)\n- [What is Mooncake?](https:\/\/www.chinaeducationaltours.com\/guide\/mid-autumn-festival-mooncake.htm)\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Cakes \"Template:Cakes\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Cakes \"Template talk:Cakes\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Cakes \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Cakes\")[Cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cake \"Cake\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| **[List of cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_cakes \"List of cakes\")** |   |\n| [Butter cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Butter_cake \"Butter cake\") | [Babka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Babka \"Babka\") [Banana bread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banana_bread \"Banana bread\") [Gâteau nantais](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A2teau_nantais \"Gâteau nantais\") [Gooey butter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gooey_butter_cake \"Gooey butter cake\") [Pound](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pound_cake \"Pound cake\") |\n| [Cheesecakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cheesecake \"Cheesecake\") | [Basque cheesecake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basque_cheesecake \"Basque cheesecake\") [Falculelle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Falculelle \"Falculelle\") [Fiadone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fiadone \"Fiadone\") [Japanese cheesecake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_cheesecake \"Japanese cheesecake\") [Ostkaka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ostkaka \"Ostkaka\") [Tu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tu_\$cake\$ \"Tu (cake)\") [Ube cheesecake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ube_cheesecake \"Ube cheesecake\") |\n| Nut cakes | [Brazil nut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazil_nut_cake \"Brazil nut cake\") [Castagnaccio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Castagnaccio \"Castagnaccio\") [Chestnut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chestnut_cake \"Chestnut cake\") [Financier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financier_\$cake\$ \"Financier (cake)\") [Neccio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neccio \"Neccio\") [Pain de Gênes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_de_G%C3%AAnes \"Pain de Gênes\") |\n| [Chocolate cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate_cake \"Chocolate cake\") | [Amandine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amandine_\$dessert\$ \"Amandine (dessert)\") [Bariloche](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bariloche_cake \"Bariloche cake\") [Batik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batik_cake \"Batik cake\") [Black Forest gateau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Forest_gateau \"Black Forest gateau\") [Blackout](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blackout_cake \"Blackout cake\") [Chocolate brownie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate_brownie \"Chocolate brownie\") [Colin the Caterpillar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colin_the_Caterpillar \"Colin the Caterpillar\") [Flourless chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flourless_chocolate_cake \"Flourless chocolate cake\") [Garash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garash_cake \"Garash cake\") [German chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_chocolate_cake \"German chocolate cake\") [Hedgehog slice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hedgehog_slice \"Hedgehog slice\") [Joffre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joffre_cake \"Joffre cake\") [Kladdkaka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kladdkaka \"Kladdkaka\") [Molten chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Molten_chocolate_cake \"Molten chocolate cake\") [Red velvet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_velvet_cake \"Red velvet cake\") [Sachertorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sachertorte \"Sachertorte\") [Torta caprese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_caprese \"Torta caprese\") |\n| [Fruitcakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fruitcake \"Fruitcake\") | [Apple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_cake \"Apple cake\") [Banana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banana_cake \"Banana cake\") [Bánh chuối](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_chu%E1%BB%91i \"Bánh chuối\") [Black bun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_bun \"Black bun\") [Bolo-rei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolo-rei \"Bolo-rei\") [Cherry cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pound_cake#Cherry_cake \"Pound cake\") [Clementine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clementine_cake \"Clementine cake\") [Crema de fruta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crema_de_fruta \"Crema de fruta\") [Dundee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dundee_cake \"Dundee cake\") [Fig](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fig_cake \"Fig cake\") [Genoa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genoa_cake \"Genoa cake\") [Jewish apple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_apple_cake \"Jewish apple cake\") [Kornigou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kornigou \"Kornigou\") [Mango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mango_cake \"Mango cake\") [Mango float](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mango_float \"Mango float\") [Panforte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panforte \"Panforte\") [Panpepato](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panpepato \"Panpepato\") [Plum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plum_cake \"Plum cake\") [Queen Elizabeth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Queen_Elizabeth_cake \"Queen Elizabeth cake\") [Raisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raisin_cake \"Raisin cake\") [Strawberry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strawberry_cake \"Strawberry cake\") [Torta alla Monferrina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_alla_Monferrina \"Torta alla Monferrina\") |\n| [Layer cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Layer_cake \"Layer cake\") | [Angel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angel_cake \"Angel cake\") [Argentine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentine_cake \"Argentine cake\") [Berry chantilly cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berry_chantilly_cake \"Berry chantilly cake\") [Bolo fiado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolo_fiado \"Bolo fiado\") [Buckwheat gateau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buckwheat_gateau \"Buckwheat gateau\") [Cassata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cassata \"Cassata\") [Coconut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coconut_cake \"Coconut cake\") [Devil's food](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devil%27s_food_cake \"Devil's food cake\") [Doberge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doberge_cake \"Doberge cake\") [Dobos torte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dobos_torte \"Dobos torte\") [Esterházy torte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esterh%C3%A1zy_torte \"Esterházy torte\") [Flan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flan_cake \"Flan cake\") [Gâteau magique](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A2teau_magique \"Gâteau magique\") [Lapis legit (spekkoek)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lapis_legit \"Lapis legit\") [Liver cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liver_cake \"Liver cake\") [Maria Luisa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maria_Luisa_cake \"Maria Luisa cake\") [Cremeschnitte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cremeschnitte \"Cremeschnitte\") [Šampita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%A0ampita \"Šampita\") [Tompouce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tompouce \"Tompouce\") [Marlenka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marlenka \"Marlenka\") [Mikado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikado_cake \"Mikado cake\") [Princess](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Princess_cake \"Princess cake\") [Prinzregententorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prinzregententorte \"Prinzregententorte\") [Rainbow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rainbow_cookie \"Rainbow cookie\") [Rogel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rogel_\$cake\$ \"Rogel (cake)\") [Sarawak layer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarawak_layer_cake \"Sarawak layer cake\") [Smith Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smith_Island,_Maryland#Smith_Island_cake \"Smith Island, Maryland\") [Torta setteveli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_setteveli \"Torta setteveli\") [Torta Tre Monti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_Tre_Monti \"Torta Tre Monti\") [Torte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torte \"Torte\") [Vínarterta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V%C3%ADnarterta \"Vínarterta\") |\n| [Spit cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spit_cake \"Spit cake\") | [Baumkuchen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baumkuchen \"Baumkuchen\") [Kürtőskalács (Chimney cake)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs \"Kürtőskalács\") [Šakotis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%A0akotis \"Šakotis\") [Spettekaka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spettekaka \"Spettekaka\") [Trdelník](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trdeln%C3%ADk \"Trdelník\") |\n| [Sponge cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sponge_cake \"Sponge cake\") | [Bahulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahulu \"Bahulu\") [Bánh bò](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_b%C3%B2 \"Bánh bò\") [Battenberg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battenberg_cake \"Battenberg cake\") [Boston cream pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boston_cream_pie \"Boston cream pie\") [Brown sugar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brown_sugar_cake \"Brown sugar cake\") [Buko pandan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buko_pandan_cake \"Buko pandan cake\") [Castella](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Castella \"Castella\") [Charlotte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charlotte_\$cake\$ \"Charlotte (cake)\") [Coffee and walnut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee_and_walnut_cake \"Coffee and walnut cake\") [Donauwelle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donauwelle \"Donauwelle\") [Fanta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fanta_cake \"Fanta cake\") [Frankfurter Kranz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frankfurter_Kranz \"Frankfurter Kranz\") [French Fancy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Fancy \"French Fancy\") [Frog](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frog_cake \"Frog cake\") [Génoise](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genoise \"Genoise\") [Hot milk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hot_milk_cake \"Hot milk cake\") [Hummingbird](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hummingbird_cake \"Hummingbird cake\") [Lady Baltimore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lady_Baltimore_cake \"Lady Baltimore cake\") [Ladyfinger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ladyfinger_\$biscuit\$ \"Ladyfinger (biscuit)\") [Lamington](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lamington \"Lamington\") [Madeira](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madeira_cake \"Madeira cake\") [Madeleine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madeleine_\$cake\$ \"Madeleine (cake)\") [Mantecada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantecada \"Mantecada\") [Marry girl](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marry_girl_cake \"Marry girl cake\") [Misérable](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mis%C3%A9rable_cake \"Misérable cake\") [Opera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opera_cake \"Opera cake\") [Pandan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandan_cake \"Pandan cake\") [Paper wrapped](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paper_wrapped_cake \"Paper wrapped cake\") [Pionono](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pionono \"Pionono\") [Rum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rum_cake \"Rum cake\") [Shortcake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortcake \"Shortcake\") [Spice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spice_cake \"Spice cake\") [Tres leches](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tres_leches_cake \"Tres leches cake\") [Victoria sponge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sponge_cake#Victoria_sponge \"Sponge cake\") |\n| [Foam cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foam_cake \"Foam cake\") and [meringue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meringue \"Meringue\") | [Angel food](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angel_food_cake \"Angel food cake\") [Brazo de Mercedes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazo_de_Mercedes \"Brazo de Mercedes\") [Chiffon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiffon_cake \"Chiffon cake\") [Dacquoise](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dacquoise \"Dacquoise\") [Kyiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyiv_cake \"Kyiv cake\") [Mamón](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mam%C3%B3n \"Mamón\") [Mango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mango_cake \"Mango cake\") [Pavlova](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pavlova_\$cake\$ \"Pavlova (cake)\") [Sans rival](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sans_rival \"Sans rival\") [Spanische Windtorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanische_Windtorte \"Spanische Windtorte\") [Ube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ube_cake \"Ube cake\") [Yema](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yema_cake \"Yema cake\") [Zuger Kirschtorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zuger_Kirschtorte \"Zuger Kirschtorte\") |\n| Yeast cakes | [Banbury](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banbury_cake \"Banbury cake\") [Berlingozzo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berlingozzo \"Berlingozzo\") [Bienenstich](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bienenstich \"Bienenstich\") [Breudher](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breudher \"Breudher\") [Cacavellu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cacavellu \"Cacavellu\") [Campanile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campanile_\$cake\$ \"Campanile (cake)\") [Canestru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canestru \"Canestru\") [Chorley](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chorley_cake \"Chorley cake\") [Cozonac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cozonac \"Cozonac\") [Date and walnut loaf](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Date_and_walnut_loaf \"Date and walnut loaf\") [Easter bread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Easter_bread \"Easter bread\") [Gugelhupf](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gugelhupf \"Gugelhupf\") [Inuliata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuliata \"Inuliata\") [Portuguese sweet bread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_sweet_bread \"Portuguese sweet bread\") [Pandoro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandoro \"Pandoro\") [Rum baba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rum_baba \"Rum baba\") [Streuselkuchen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streuselkuchen \"Streuselkuchen\") |\n| Special occasions | [Birthday](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Birthday_cake \"Birthday cake\") [Buccellato](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buccellato \"Buccellato\") [Christmas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christmas_cake \"Christmas cake\") [Bûche de Noël](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yule_log_\$cake\$ \"Yule log (cake)\") [Pan de Pascua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_de_Pascua \"Pan de Pascua\") [Groom's](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Groom%27s_cake \"Groom's cake\") [Halloween](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halloween_cake \"Halloween cake\") [King](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/King_cake \"King cake\") *[Rosca de reyes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosca_de_reyes \"Rosca de reyes\")* [Kransekake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kransekake \"Kransekake\") [Lekach](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lekach \"Lekach\") [Love](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Love_cake \"Love cake\") [Marry girl](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marry_girl_cake \"Marry girl cake\") [Mooncake]() [Snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\") [Pască](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasc%C4%83 \"Pască\") [Pop out](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pop_out_cake \"Pop out cake\") [Simnel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simnel_cake \"Simnel cake\") [Soul](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soul_cake \"Soul cake\") [Stack](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stack_cake \"Stack cake\") [Stollen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stollen \"Stollen\") [Strenna](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strenna_\$cake\$ \"Strenna (cake)\") [Wedding](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wedding_cake \"Wedding cake\") |\n| By shape | [Bundt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bundt_cake \"Bundt cake\") [Cake balls](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cake_balls \"Cake balls\") [Cake pop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cake_pop \"Cake pop\") [Cupcake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cupcake \"Cupcake\") [Petit four](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Petit_four \"Petit four\") [Swiss roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiss_roll \"Swiss roll\") [Upside-down](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Upside-down_cake \"Upside-down cake\") |\n| Other | [Basbousa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basbousa \"Basbousa\") [Beer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beer_cake \"Beer cake\") [Better than sex](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Better_than_sex_cake \"Better than sex cake\") [Bizcocho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bizcocho \"Bizcocho\") [Bulla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulla_cake \"Bulla cake\") [Carrot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carrot_cake \"Carrot cake\") [Coffee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee_cake_\$American\$ \"Coffee cake (American)\") [Fruit slice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fruit_slice \"Fruit slice\") [Gingerbread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gingerbread \"Gingerbread\") [house](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gingerbread_house \"Gingerbread house\") [man](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gingerbread_man \"Gingerbread man\") [Heavy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heavy_cake \"Heavy cake\") [Ice cream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ice_cream_cake \"Ice cream cake\") [Ispanaklı kek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ispanakl%C4%B1_kek \"Ispanaklı kek\") [Kue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kue \"Kue\") [Kuih](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuih \"Kuih\") [Lolly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lolly_cake \"Lolly cake\") [Louise](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louise_cake \"Louise cake\") [Mané pelado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Man%C3%A9_pelado \"Mané pelado\") [Marble](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marble_cake \"Marble cake\") [Nonnette](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonnette_\$dessert\$ \"Nonnette (dessert)\") [Ontbijtkoek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ontbijtkoek \"Ontbijtkoek\") [Pain d'épices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_d%27%C3%A9pices \"Pain d'épices\") [Pancake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pancake \"Pancake\") [Parkin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parkin_\$cake\$ \"Parkin (cake)\") [Parrozzo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parrozzo \"Parrozzo\") [Poke](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poke_cake \"Poke cake\") [Punschkrapfen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punschkrapfen \"Punschkrapfen\") [Rice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rice_cake \"Rice cake\") [Ruske kape](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ruske_kape \"Ruske kape\") [Snack](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snack_cake \"Snack cake\") [Soufflé](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Souffl%C3%A9 \"Soufflé\") [Sugee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sugee_cake \"Sugee cake\") [Sweetheart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweetheart_cake \"Sweetheart cake\") [Teacake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teacake \"Teacake\") [Tiramisu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiramisu \"Tiramisu\") [Watergate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watergate_cake \"Watergate cake\") [Welsh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welsh_cake \"Welsh cake\") |\n| [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/Foodlogo2.svg\/20px-Foodlogo2.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Foodlogo2.svg) [Food portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Food \"Portal:Food\") ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Cakes \"Category:Cakes\") |   |\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Cantonese_cuisine \"Template:Cantonese cuisine\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Cantonese_cuisine \"Template talk:Cantonese cuisine\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Cantonese_cuisine \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Cantonese cuisine\")[Cantonese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| Main dishes | [Bao yu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bao_yu \"Bao yu\") [Bird's nest soup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bird%27s_nest_soup \"Bird's nest soup\") [Buddha's delight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buddha%27s_delight \"Buddha's delight\") [Cantonese seafood soup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_seafood_soup \"Cantonese seafood soup\") [Chinese steamed eggs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_steamed_eggs \"Chinese steamed eggs\") [Congee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congee \"Congee\") [Crispy fried chicken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crispy_fried_chicken \"Crispy fried chicken\") [Dragon tiger phoenix](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dragon_tiger_phoenix \"Dragon tiger phoenix\") [Egg foo young](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_foo_young \"Egg foo young\") [Eight treasure duck](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eight_treasure_duck \"Eight treasure duck\") [Eight treasure rice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eight_treasure_rice \"Eight treasure rice\") [Hot pot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hot_pot \"Hot pot\") [Lemon chicken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lemon_chicken \"Lemon chicken\") [Pork knuckles and ginger stew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pork_knuckles_and_ginger_stew \"Pork knuckles and ginger stew\") [Seafood birdsnest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seafood_birdsnest \"Seafood birdsnest\") [Shark fin soup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_fin_soup \"Shark fin soup\") Snake bite chicken [Soy sauce chicken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soy_sauce_chicken \"Soy sauce chicken\") [Steam minced pork](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steam_minced_pork \"Steam minced pork\") [Subgum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subgum \"Subgum\") [Suckling pig](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suckling_pig \"Suckling pig\") [Sweet and sour pork](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweet_and_sour_pork \"Sweet and sour pork\") [White boiled shrimp](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_boiled_shrimp \"White boiled shrimp\") [White cut chicken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_cut_chicken \"White cut chicken\") [Wonton noodles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wonton_noodles \"Wonton noodles\") [Yangzhou fried rice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yangzhou_fried_rice \"Yangzhou fried rice\") |\n| [Dim sum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dim_sum \"Dim sum\") and [yum cha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yum_cha \"Yum cha\") | [Almond tofu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Almond_tofu \"Almond tofu\") [Beef tripe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tripe \"Tripe\") [Cha siu bao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cha_siu_bao \"Cha siu bao\") [Chicken feet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chicken_feet \"Chicken feet\") [Coconut bar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coconut_bar \"Coconut bar\") [Har gow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Har_gow \"Har gow\") [Jian dui](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jian_dui \"Jian dui\") [Jiaozi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiaozi \"Jiaozi\") [Lo mai gai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lo_mai_gai \"Lo mai gai\") [Lotus seed bun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_bun \"Lotus seed bun\") [Nian gao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nian_gao \"Nian gao\") [Ox-tongue pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ox-tongue_pastry \"Ox-tongue pastry\") [Rice noodle roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rice_noodle_roll \"Rice noodle roll\") [Shumai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shumai \"Shumai\") [Spring roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spring_roll \"Spring roll\") [Steamed meatball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steamed_meatball \"Steamed meatball\") [Swiss wing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiss_wing \"Swiss wing\") [Taro cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro_cake \"Taro cake\") [Taro dumpling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro_dumpling \"Taro dumpling\") [Tendon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tendon_as_food \"Tendon as food\") [Tofu skin roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tofu_skin_roll \"Tofu skin roll\") [Turnip cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turnip_cake \"Turnip cake\") [Water chestnut cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Water_chestnut_cake \"Water chestnut cake\") [Yau gok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yau_gok \"Yau gok\") [Youtiao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Youtiao \"Youtiao\") [Zhaliang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhaliang \"Zhaliang\") |\n| [Siu laap](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine#Siu_laap \"Cantonese cuisine\") | [Char siu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Char_siu \"Char siu\") [Chinese sausage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_sausage \"Chinese sausage\") [Lou mei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lou_mei \"Lou mei\") [Orange cuttlefish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orange_cuttlefish \"Orange cuttlefish\") [Roast goose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roast_goose \"Roast goose\") [Siu mei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siu_mei \"Siu mei\") [Siu yuk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siu_yuk \"Siu yuk\") [White cut chicken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_cut_chicken \"White cut chicken\") |\n| Desserts and [pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_bakery_products \"List of Chinese bakery products\") | [Almond biscuit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_almond_biscuit \"Chinese almond biscuit\") [Biscuit roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscuit_roll \"Biscuit roll\") [Deuk Deuk Tong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deuk_Deuk_Tong \"Deuk Deuk Tong\") [Douhua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douhua \"Douhua\") [Ginger milk curd](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ginger_milk_curd \"Ginger milk curd\") [Lo mai chi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lo_mai_chi \"Lo mai chi\") [Malay sponge cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_sponge_cake \"Malay sponge cake\") [Mooncake]() [Red bean cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_cake \"Red bean cake\") [Red bean soup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_soup \"Red bean soup\") [Sausage bun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sausage_bun \"Sausage bun\") [Snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\") [Tang bu shuai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tang_bu_shuai \"Tang bu shuai\") [Tong sui](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tong_sui \"Tong sui\") [White sugar sponge cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_sugar_sponge_cake \"White sugar sponge cake\") |\n| Condiments and spices | [Fermented bean curd](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fermented_bean_curd \"Fermented bean curd\") [Five-spice powder](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Five-spice_powder \"Five-spice powder\") [XO sauce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/XO_sauce \"XO sauce\") |\n| Ingredients | [Beef ball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beef_ball \"Beef ball\") [Black bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_bean_paste \"Black bean paste\") [Chenpi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chenpi \"Chenpi\") [Conpoy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conpoy \"Conpoy\") [Fermented black beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douchi \"Douchi\") [Fish ball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_ball \"Fish ball\") [Fishcake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fishcake \"Fishcake\") [Frog legs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frog_legs \"Frog legs\") [Garland chrysanthemum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glebionis_coronaria \"Glebionis coronaria\") [Kai-lan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gai_lan \"Gai lan\") [Mantis shrimp](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantis_shrimp \"Mantis shrimp\") [Ong choy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ong_choy \"Ong choy\") [Pig blood curd](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pig_blood_curd \"Pig blood curd\") [Pig's ear](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pig%27s_ear_\$food\$ \"Pig's ear (food)\") [Rapeseed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rapeseed \"Rapeseed\") [Saang mein](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saang_mein \"Saang mein\") [Sea cucumbers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sea_cucumbers_as_food \"Sea cucumbers as food\") [Shahe fen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shahe_fen \"Shahe fen\") [Shrimp roe noodles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrimp_roe_noodles \"Shrimp roe noodles\") [Spare ribs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spare_ribs \"Spare ribs\") [Suan cai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suan_cai \"Suan cai\") [Tofu skin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tofu_skin \"Tofu skin\") [Wonton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wonton \"Wonton\") [Yi mein](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yi_mein \"Yi mein\") [Youmian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Youmian \"Youmian\") [Zha cai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zha_cai \"Zha cai\") |\n| Others | [Chinese herb tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_herb_tea \"Chinese herb tea\") [Dried shredded squid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dried_shredded_squid \"Dried shredded squid\") [Lou fo tong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lou_fo_tong \"Lou fo tong\") |\n| [Cantonese restaurant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_restaurant \"Cantonese restaurant\") [Beijing cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beijing_cuisine \"Beijing cuisine\") [Shanghai cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_cuisine \"Shanghai cuisine\") [Hong Kong cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_cuisine \"Hong Kong cuisine\") [Macanese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macanese_cuisine \"Macanese cuisine\") [Chinese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cuisine \"Chinese cuisine\") [History of Chinese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Chinese_cuisine \"History of Chinese cuisine\") |   |\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Pastries \"Template:Pastries\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Pastries \"Template talk:Pastries\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Pastries \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Pastries\")[Pastries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry \"Pastry\") [list](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_pastries \"List of pastries\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| Types | [Chinese flaky pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_flaky_pastry \"Chinese flaky pastry\") [Choux pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Choux_pastry \"Choux pastry\") [Filo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filo \"Filo\") [Flaky pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flaky_pastry \"Flaky pastry\") [Hot water crust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hot_water_crust_pastry \"Hot water crust pastry\") [Pan dulce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_dulce \"Pan dulce\") [Puff pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puff_pastry \"Puff pastry\") [Shortcrust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortcrust_pastry \"Shortcrust pastry\") |\n| [Choux pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Choux_pastry \"Choux pastry\") | [Beignet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beignet \"Beignet\") [Bossche bol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bossche_bol \"Bossche bol\") [Chouquette](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chouquette_\$pastry\$ \"Chouquette (pastry)\") [Croquembouche](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croquembouche \"Croquembouche\") [Éclair](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89clair \"Éclair\") [Gougère](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goug%C3%A8re \"Gougère\") [Karpatka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karpatka \"Karpatka\") [Lady's navel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lady%27s_navel \"Lady's navel\") [Moorkop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moorkop \"Moorkop\") [Nun's puffs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nun%27s_puffs \"Nun's puffs\") [Paris–Brest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris%E2%80%93Brest \"Paris–Brest\") [Pommes dauphine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pommes_dauphine \"Pommes dauphine\") [Profiterole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Profiterole \"Profiterole\") [Religieuse](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Religieuse \"Religieuse\") [St. Honoré cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake \"St. Honoré cake\") |\n| [Puff pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puff_pastry \"Puff pastry\") | [Beef Wellington](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beef_Wellington \"Beef Wellington\") [Cheese straw](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cheese_straw \"Cheese straw\") [Croline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croline \"Croline\") [Croissant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croissant \"Croissant\") [Galette des rois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galette_des_rois#France \"Galette des rois\") [Jambon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jambon \"Jambon\") [Miguelitos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miguelitos \"Miguelitos\") [Mille-feuille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mille-feuille \"Mille-feuille\") [Palmier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palmier \"Palmier\") [Pastel de nata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastel_de_nata \"Pastel de nata\") [Pithivier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pithivier \"Pithivier\") [Sausage roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sausage_roll \"Sausage roll\") [Steak and kidney pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steak_and_kidney_pie \"Steak and kidney pie\") [Strudel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strudel \"Strudel\") [Tarte conversation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tarte_conversation \"Tarte conversation\") [Tarte Tatin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tarte_Tatin \"Tarte Tatin\") [Cream tubes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_tubes \"Cream tubes\") [Turnovers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turnover_\$food\$ \"Turnover (food)\") |\n| Poppy seed | [Chatti pathiri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chatti_pathiri \"Chatti pathiri\") [Flódni](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fl%C3%B3dni \"Flódni\") [Hamantash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hamantash \"Hamantash\") [Kifli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kifli \"Kifli\") [Kolach](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kolach_\$cake\$ \"Kolach (cake)\") [Kūčiukai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C5%AB%C4%8Diukai \"Kūčiukai\") [Međimurska gibanica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Me%C4%91imurska_gibanica \"Međimurska gibanica\") [Nunt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nunt \"Nunt\") [Nut roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nut_roll \"Nut roll\") [Poppy seed roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poppy_seed_roll \"Poppy seed roll\") [Prekmurska gibanica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prekmurska_gibanica \"Prekmurska gibanica\") [Rugelach](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rugelach \"Rugelach\") [St. Martin's croissant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/St._Martin%27s_croissant \"St. Martin's croissant\") |\n| Other | [Alexandertorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexandertorte \"Alexandertorte\") [Allerheiligenstriezel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allerheiligenstriezel \"Allerheiligenstriezel\") [Apple strudel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apple_strudel \"Apple strudel\") [Azerbaijani pakhlava](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijani_pakhlava \"Azerbaijani pakhlava\") [Bakewell pudding](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakewell_pudding \"Bakewell pudding\") [Banket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banket_\$food\$ \"Banket (food)\") [Baklava](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baklava \"Baklava\") [Bánh pía](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa \"Bánh pía\") [Banitsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Banitsa \"Banitsa\") [Bear claw](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bear_claw \"Bear claw\") [Belokranjska povitica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belokranjska_povitica \"Belokranjska povitica\") [Bethmännchen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen \"Bethmännchen\") [Bierock](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bierock \"Bierock\") [Bizcocho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bizcocho \"Bizcocho\") [Boyoz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boyoz \"Boyoz\") [Bruttiboni](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruttiboni \"Bruttiboni\") [Bulemas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulemas \"Bulemas\") [Bundevara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bundevara \"Bundevara\") [Chorley cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chorley_cake \"Chorley cake\") [Coca](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coca_\$pastry\$ \"Coca (pastry)\") [Coulibiac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coulibiac \"Coulibiac\") [Cream horn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_horn \"Cream horn\") [Cream tubes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_tubes \"Cream tubes\") [Cremeschnitte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cremeschnitte \"Cremeschnitte\") [Croline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croline \"Croline\") [Cronut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cronut \"Cronut\") [Cruller](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cruller \"Cruller\") [Cuban pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_pastry \"Cuban pastry\") [Curry beef turnover](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curry_beef_turnover \"Curry beef turnover\") [Curry puff](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curry_puff \"Curry puff\") [Dabby-Doughs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dabby-Doughs \"Dabby-Doughs\") [Dutch letter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_letter \"Dutch letter\") [Eccles cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eccles_cake \"Eccles cake\") [Empanada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empanada \"Empanada\") [Ensaïmada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ensa%C3%AFmada \"Ensaïmada\") [Fa gao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fa_gao \"Fa gao\") [Fazuelos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fazuelos \"Fazuelos\") [Fig roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fig_roll \"Fig roll\") [Fish patty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish_patty \"Fish patty\") [Fish-shaped pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish-shaped_pastry \"Fish-shaped pastry\") [Flaó](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fla%C3%B3 \"Flaó\") [Flia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flia \"Flia\") [Franzbrötchen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franzbr%C3%B6tchen \"Franzbrötchen\") [Fruit slice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fruit_slice \"Fruit slice\") [Gâteau Basque](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%A2teau_Basque \"Gâteau Basque\") [Gibanica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gibanica \"Gibanica\") [Gözleme](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%B6zleme \"Gözleme\") [Gundain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gundain \"Gundain\") [Gustavus Adolphus pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustavus_Adolphus_pastry \"Gustavus Adolphus pastry\") [Haddekuche](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haddekuche \"Haddekuche\") [Haitian patty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_patty \"Haitian patty\") [Hellimli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hellimli \"Hellimli\") [Heong Peng](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heong_Peng \"Heong Peng\") [Huff paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huff_paste \"Huff paste\") [Hwangnam-ppang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hwangnam-ppang \"Hwangnam-ppang\") [Jachnun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jachnun \"Jachnun\") [Khachapuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khachapuri \"Khachapuri\") [Knafeh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knafeh \"Knafeh\") [Kitchener bun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kitchener_bun \"Kitchener bun\") [Klobásník](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Klob%C3%A1sn%C3%ADk \"Klobásník\") [Knieküchle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kniek%C3%BCchle \"Knieküchle\") [Kolach](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kolach_\$cake\$ \"Kolach (cake)\") [Kroštule](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kro%C5%A1tule \"Kroštule\") [Kürtőskalács](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs \"Kürtőskalács\") [Lattice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lattice_\$pastry\$ \"Lattice (pastry)\") [Leipziger Lerche](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leipziger_Lerche \"Leipziger Lerche\") [London Cheesecake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/London_Cheesecake \"London Cheesecake\") [Lukhmi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lukhmi \"Lukhmi\") [Ma'amoul](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ma%27amoul \"Ma'amoul\") [Mandelkubb](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mandelkubb \"Mandelkubb\") [Mantecada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mantecada \"Mantecada\") [Marillenknödel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marillenkn%C3%B6del \"Marillenknödel\") [Mekitsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mekitsa \"Mekitsa\") [Miguelitos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miguelitos \"Miguelitos\") [Milhojas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milhojas \"Milhojas\") [Milk-cream strudel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milk-cream_strudel \"Milk-cream strudel\") [Mille-feuille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mille-feuille \"Mille-feuille\") [Moorkop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moorkop \"Moorkop\") [Napoleonka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Napoleonka \"Napoleonka\") [Nokul](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nokul \"Nokul\") [Öçpoçmaq](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%96%C3%A7po%C3%A7maq \"Öçpoçmaq\") [Pain à la grecque](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_%C3%A0_la_grecque \"Pain à la grecque\") [Pan dulce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pan_dulce \"Pan dulce\") [Pastel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastel_\$food\$ \"Pastel (food)\") [Pastizz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastizz \"Pastizz\") [Pastry heart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_heart \"Pastry heart\") [Pasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasty \"Pasty\") [Pâté chaud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_chaud \"Pâté chaud\") [Peremech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peremech \"Peremech\") [Pirog](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pirog \"Pirog\") [Pirozhki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pirozhki \"Pirozhki\") [Plăcintă](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83 \"Plăcintă\") [Pop-Tarts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pop-Tarts \"Pop-Tarts\") [Prekmurska gibanica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prekmurska_gibanica \"Prekmurska gibanica\") [Profiterole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Profiterole \"Profiterole\") [Punsch-roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punsch-roll \"Punsch-roll\") [Punschkrapfen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punschkrapfen \"Punschkrapfen\") [Quesito](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quesito \"Quesito\") [Remonce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Remonce \"Remonce\") [Roscón](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosc%C3%B3n \"Roscón\") [Roti tissue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roti_tissue \"Roti tissue\") [Roze koek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roze_koek \"Roze koek\") [Runeberg torte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Runeberg_torte \"Runeberg torte\") [Runza](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Runza \"Runza\") [Sad cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sad_cake \"Sad cake\") [Schaumrolle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schaumrolle \"Schaumrolle\") [Schnecken](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schnecken \"Schnecken\") [Schneeball](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schneeball_\$pastry\$ \"Schneeball (pastry)\") [Schuxen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schuxen \"Schuxen\") [Şöbiyet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet \"Şöbiyet\") [Sou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sou_\$pastry\$ \"Sou (pastry)\") [Spritzkuchen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spritzkuchen \"Spritzkuchen\") [Streusel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streusel \"Streusel\") [Strudel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strudel \"Strudel\") [Stutenkerl](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stutenkerl \"Stutenkerl\") [Sweetheart cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweetheart_cake \"Sweetheart cake\") [Tahini roll](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tahini_roll \"Tahini roll\") [Toast'em Pop Ups](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toast%27em_Pop_Ups \"Toast'em Pop Ups\") [Toaster pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toaster_pastry \"Toaster pastry\") [Toaster Strudel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toaster_Strudel \"Toaster Strudel\") [Tompouce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tompouce \"Tompouce\") [Tortita negra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tortita_negra \"Tortita negra\") [Tu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tu_\$cake\$ \"Tu (cake)\") [Turnover](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turnover_\$food\$ \"Turnover (food)\") [Uštipci](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U%C5%A1tipci \"Uštipci\") [Vatrushka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vatrushka \"Vatrushka\") [Veka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veka_\$pastry\$ \"Veka (pastry)\") [Vetkoek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vetkoek \"Vetkoek\") [Yurla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yurla_\$dish\$ \"Yurla (dish)\") [Zeeuwse bolus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeeuwse_bolus \"Zeeuwse bolus\") [Žemlovka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%BDemlovka \"Žemlovka\") |\n| By country |   |\n|   |   |\n| Armenian | [Gata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gata_\$food\$ \"Gata (food)\") [Mikado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikado_cake \"Mikado cake\") [Nazook](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazook \"Nazook\") |\n| Chinese | [Chasan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chasan_\$pastry\$ \"Chasan (pastry)\") [Jiucai hezi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiucai_hezi \"Jiucai hezi\") [Masan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Masan_\$pastry\$ \"Masan (pastry)\") [Sachima](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sachima \"Sachima\") |\n| Filipino | [Biscocho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscocho \"Biscocho\") [Buko pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buko_pie \"Buko pie\") [Caycay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caycay \"Caycay\") [Daral (food)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daral_\$food\$ \"Daral (food)\") [Dinamita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinamita \"Dinamita\") [Egg pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_pie \"Egg pie\") [Empanada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empanada#Philippines \"Empanada\") (Pastil) [Ensaïmada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ensa%C3%AFmada \"Ensaïmada\") [Hopia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakpia \"Bakpia\") [Lumpia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lumpia \"Lumpia\") [Napoleones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mille-feuille \"Mille-feuille\") [Ngohiong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ngohiong \"Ngohiong\") [Ohaldre](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ohaldre \"Ohaldre\") [Otap](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otap_\$food\$ \"Otap (food)\") [Piaya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piaya_\$food\$ \"Piaya (food)\") [Pilipit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pilipit \"Pilipit\") [Shakoy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shakoy \"Shakoy\") [Turon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turon_\$food\$ \"Turon (food)\") |\n| French | [Angel wings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angel_wings \"Angel wings\") [Beignet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beignet \"Beignet\") [Bichon au citron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bichon_au_citron \"Bichon au citron\") [Biscuit rose de Reims](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscuit_rose_de_Reims \"Biscuit rose de Reims\") [Broyé poitevin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Broy%C3%A9_poitevin \"Broyé poitevin\") [Canelé](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canel%C3%A9 \"Canelé\") [Chouquette](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chouquette \"Chouquette\") [Choux pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Choux_pastry \"Choux pastry\") [Conversation tart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conversation_tart \"Conversation tart\") [Coussin de Lyon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coussin_de_Lyon \"Coussin de Lyon\") [Croissant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croissant \"Croissant\") [Croquembouche](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croquembouche \"Croquembouche\") [Croustade](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croustade \"Croustade\") [Éclair](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89clair \"Éclair\") [Financier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financier_\$cake\$ \"Financier (cake)\") [Gougère](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goug%C3%A8re \"Gougère\") [Jésuite](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C3%A9suite \"Jésuite\") [Ladyfinger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ladyfinger_\$biscuit\$ \"Ladyfinger (biscuit)\") [Macaron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macaron \"Macaron\") [Madeleine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madeleine_\$cake\$ \"Madeleine (cake)\") [Nun's puffs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nun%27s_puffs \"Nun's puffs\") [Pain au chocolat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_au_chocolat \"Pain au chocolat\") [Pain aux raisins](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pain_aux_raisins \"Pain aux raisins\") [Palmier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palmier \"Palmier\") [Paris–Brest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paris%E2%80%93Brest \"Paris–Brest\") [Puits d'amour](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puits_d%27amour \"Puits d'amour\") [Religieuse](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Religieuse \"Religieuse\") [St. Honoré cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake \"St. Honoré cake\") [Tuile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuile \"Tuile\") [Viennoiserie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viennoiserie \"Viennoiserie\") [Vol-au-vent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vol-au-vent \"Vol-au-vent\") |\n| Greek | [Amygdalopita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amygdalopita \"Amygdalopita\") [Bougatsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bougatsa \"Bougatsa\") [Fanouropita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fanouropita \"Fanouropita\") [Filo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filo \"Filo\") [Galaktoboureko](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galaktoboureko \"Galaktoboureko\") [Karydopita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karydopita \"Karydopita\") [Koulourakia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Koulourakia \"Koulourakia\") [Moustalevria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moustalevria \"Moustalevria\") [Pastafrola](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastafrola \"Pastafrola\") |\n| Indonesian | [Bahulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahulu \"Bahulu\") [Bakpia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakpia \"Bakpia\") [Bakpia pathok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakpia_pathok \"Bakpia pathok\") [Curry puff](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curry_puff \"Curry puff\") [Makmur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kue_makmur \"Kue makmur\") [Milk pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milk_pie \"Milk pie\") [Pie tee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pie_tee \"Pie tee\") [Roti john](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roti_john \"Roti john\") [Roti tissue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roti_tissue \"Roti tissue\") |\n| Iranian | [Gosh-e fil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gosh-e_fil \"Gosh-e fil\") [Kolompeh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kolompeh \"Kolompeh\") [Koloocheh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Koloocheh \"Koloocheh\") [Komaj sehen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komaj_sehen \"Komaj sehen\") [Qottab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qottab \"Qottab\") [Sohan asali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sohan_asali \"Sohan asali\") |\n| Italian | [Baicoli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baicoli \"Baicoli\") [Biscotti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscotti \"Biscotti\") [Biscotti di San Martino](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscotti_di_San_Martino \"Biscotti di San Martino\") [Biscotti regina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biscotti_regina \"Biscotti regina\") [Bocconotto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bocconotto \"Bocconotto\") [Bombolone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bombolone \"Bombolone\") [Cannoli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannoli \"Cannoli\") [Ciarduna](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciarduna \"Ciarduna\") [Cornetto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cornetto_\$pastry\$ \"Cornetto (pastry)\") [Crocetta di Caltanissetta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crocetta_di_Caltanissetta \"Crocetta di Caltanissetta\") [Frittole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frittella_\$doughnut\$ \"Frittella (doughnut)\") [Ladyfinger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ladyfinger_\$biscuit\$ \"Ladyfinger (biscuit)\") [Ossa di morto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossa_di_morto \"Ossa di morto\") [Pandoro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandoro \"Pandoro\") [Pasticciotto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasticciotto \"Pasticciotto\") [Pevarini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pevarini \"Pevarini\") [Pignolata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pignolata \"Pignolata\") [Pignolo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pignolo_\$cookie\$ \"Pignolo (cookie)\") [Pizzelle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pizzelle \"Pizzelle\") [Raviola di ricotta nissena](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raviola_di_ricotta_nissena \"Raviola di ricotta nissena\") [Rollò](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roll%C3%B2 \"Rollò\") [Sfogliatella](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sfogliatella \"Sfogliatella\") [Spina Santa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spina_Santa \"Spina Santa\") [Struffoli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Struffoli \"Struffoli\") [Torta caprese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Torta_caprese \"Torta caprese\") [Zeppola](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppola \"Zeppola\") [Zippula](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zippula \"Zippula\") |\n| Maghrebi | [Makroudh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Makroudh \"Makroudh\") [Malsouka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malsouka \"Malsouka\") [Mouna](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mouna \"Mouna\") [Briouat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Briouat \"Briouat\") |\n| Romanian | [Cornulețe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cornule%C8%9Be \"Cornulețe\") [Gogoși](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gogo%C8%99i \"Gogoși\") [Papanași](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papana%C8%99i \"Papanași\") [Plăcintă](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83 \"Plăcintă\") [Sfințișori](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sfin%C8%9Bi%C8%99ori \"Sfințișori\") |\n| Scandinavian | [Butterkaka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Butterkaka \"Butterkaka\") [Danish pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danish_pastry \"Danish pastry\") [Joulutorttu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joulutorttu \"Joulutorttu\") [Klenät](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Klen%C3%A4t \"Klenät\") [Kringle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kringle \"Kringle\") [Rosettes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosette_\$cookie\$ \"Rosette (cookie)\") [Semla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semla \"Semla\") |\n| Swiss | [Birnbrot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Birnbrot \"Birnbrot\") [Blue cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blue_cake \"Blue cake\") [Bündner Nusstorte](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%BCndner_Nusstorte \"Bündner Nusstorte\") [Carac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carac_\$pastry\$ \"Carac (pastry)\") [Cholera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cholera_\$food\$ \"Cholera (food)\") [Schenkele](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schenkele \"Schenkele\") [Spanisch Brötli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanisch_Br%C3%B6tli \"Spanisch Brötli\") |\n| Taiwanese | [Communist bandit pastries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Communist_bandit_pastries \"Communist bandit pastries\") [Egg yolk pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_yolk_pastry \"Egg yolk pastry\") [Lek-tau-phong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lek-tau-phong \"Lek-tau-phong\") [Pineapple cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple_cake \"Pineapple cake\") [Naiyou subing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naiyou_subing \"Naiyou subing\") [Suncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suncake_\$Taiwan\$ \"Suncake (Taiwan)\") [Taro pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro_pastry \"Taro pastry\") |\n| Turkish | [Bülbül yuvası](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%BClb%C3%BCl_yuvas%C4%B1 \"Bülbül yuvası\") [Güllaç](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7 \"Güllaç\") [Kalburabastı](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kalburabast%C4%B1 \"Kalburabastı\") [Lady's navel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lady%27s_navel \"Lady's navel\") [Qurabiya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qurabiya \"Qurabiya\") [Saray helva](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saray_helva \"Saray helva\") [Şekerpare](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C5%9Eekerpare \"Şekerpare\") [Sütlü Nuriye](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye \"Sütlü Nuriye\") [Cream tubes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_tubes \"Cream tubes\") |\n| Related  topics | [Confectionery](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Confectionery \"Confectionery\") [Crust](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crust_\$baking\$ \"Crust (baking)\") [Custard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Custard \"Custard\") [Doughnut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doughnut \"Doughnut\") [Konditorei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konditorei \"Konditorei\") [Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuo_Yuan_Ye_Museum_of_Cake_and_Pastry \"Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry\") [List of cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_cakes \"List of cakes\") [List of choux pastry dishes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_choux_pastry_dishes \"List of choux pastry dishes\") [List of desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_desserts \"List of desserts\") [List of fried dough foods](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_fried_dough_foods \"List of fried dough foods\") [List of pies, tarts and flans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_pies,_tarts_and_flans \"List of pies, tarts and flans\") [List of poppy seed pastries and dishes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_poppy_seed_pastries_and_dishes \"List of poppy seed pastries and dishes\") [Pastry bag](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_bag \"Pastry bag\") [Pastry blender](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_blender \"Pastry blender\") [Pastry brush](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_brush \"Pastry brush\") [Pastry chef](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_chef \"Pastry chef\") [Pastry fork](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry_fork \"Pastry fork\") [Pâtisserie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C3%A2tisserie \"Pâtisserie\") [World Pastry Cup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Pastry_Cup \"World Pastry Cup\") |\n| ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Pastries \"Category:Pastries\") |   |\n\n[Portals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals \"Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals\"):\n\n- [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/Foodlogo2.svg\/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Foodlogo2.svg) [Food](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Food \"Portal:Food\")\n- ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fa\/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg\/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:China \"Portal:China\")\n- ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/72\/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg\/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Taiwan \"Portal:Taiwan\")\n\n![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1)\n\nRetrieved from \"<https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&oldid=1342722272>\"\n\n[Categories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Category \"Help:Category\"):\n\n- [Mid-Autumn Festival](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Mid-Autumn_Festival \"Category:Mid-Autumn Festival\")\n- [Autumn traditions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Autumn_traditions \"Category:Autumn traditions\")\n- [Cakes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Cakes \"Category:Cakes\")\n- [Chinese confectionery](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Chinese_confectionery \"Category:Chinese confectionery\")\n- [Chinese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Chinese_desserts \"Category:Chinese desserts\")\n- [Chinese egg dishes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Chinese_egg_dishes \"Category:Chinese egg dishes\")\n- [Chinese pastries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Chinese_pastries \"Category:Chinese pastries\")\n- [Indonesian desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Indonesian_desserts \"Category:Indonesian desserts\")\n- [Japanese desserts and sweets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Japanese_desserts_and_sweets \"Category:Japanese desserts and sweets\")\n- [Legume desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Legume_desserts \"Category:Legume desserts\")\n- [Malaysian desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Malaysian_desserts \"Category:Malaysian desserts\")\n- [Mauritian cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Mauritian_cuisine \"Category:Mauritian cuisine\")\n- [Mongolian cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Mongolian_cuisine \"Category:Mongolian cuisine\")\n- [Moon in culture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Moon_in_culture \"Category:Moon in culture\")\n- [Singaporean cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Singaporean_cuisine \"Category:Singaporean cuisine\")\n- [Stuffed desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Stuffed_desserts \"Category:Stuffed desserts\")\n- [Taiwanese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Taiwanese_desserts \"Category:Taiwanese desserts\")\n- [Tea culture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Tea_culture \"Category:Tea culture\")\n- [Thai desserts and snacks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Thai_desserts_and_snacks \"Category:Thai desserts and snacks\")\n- [Vietnamese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Vietnamese_desserts \"Category:Vietnamese desserts\")\n\nHidden categories:\n\n- [Webarchive template wayback links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links \"Category:Webarchive template wayback links\")\n- [CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_\$zh\$ \"Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)\")\n- [CS1 Chinese (China)-language sources (zh-cn)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_Chinese_\$China\$-language_sources_\$zh-cn\$ \"Category:CS1 Chinese (China)-language 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nMooncake\n\n48 languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake)","attrs_readable_markdown":"For the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see [Moon pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon_pie \"Moon pie\").\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![Mooncake](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/ba\/Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_3-4,_lotus_seed_paste.jpg \"Mooncake\")A Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste |   |\n| Type | [Pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastry \"Pastry\") |\n| Course | Dessert |\n| Place of origin | [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China \"China\") |\n| Region or state | [East Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Asia \"East Asia\") and [Southeast Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia \"Southeast Asia\") |\n| Main ingredients | Crust: [lard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lard \"Lard\") or [vegetable oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetable_oil \"Vegetable oil\") Filling: [red bean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\") or [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\"), salted [egg yolk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_yolk \"Egg yolk\"), may or may not have additional ingredients |\n| [Food energy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Food_energy \"Food energy\") (per 100 [g](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gram \"Gram\") serving) | 416 [kcal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calorie \"Calorie\") (1,740 [kJ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kilojoule \"Kilojoule\")) (approximately) |\n| Chinese name |   |\n| [Traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\") | [月餅](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"wikt:月餅\") |\n| [Simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\") | [月饼](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"wikt:月饼\") |\n| [Hanyu Pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanyu_Pinyin \"Hanyu Pinyin\") | yuèbing, yuèbǐng |\n| Literal meaning | Moon cake\/biscuit |\n| Transcriptions |   |\n| [Standard Mandarin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standard_Chinese \"Standard Chinese\") |   |\n| [Hanyu Pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanyu_Pinyin \"Hanyu Pinyin\") | yuèbing, yuèbǐng |\n| [Wade–Giles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wade%E2%80%93Giles \"Wade–Giles\") | yüeh-ping |\n| [IPA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Mandarin \"Help:IPA\/Mandarin\") | [\\[ɥêpìŋ\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Mandarin \"Help:IPA\/Mandarin\") |\n| [Wu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wu_Chinese \"Wu Chinese\") |   |\n| [Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese \"Romanization of Wu Chinese\") | gniuq8\\-pin5   [\\[ɲyɪʔ piɲ\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Wu_Chinese \"Help:IPA\/Wu Chinese\") |\n| [Suzhounese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhounese \"Suzhounese\") | ngeq8\\-pin3   \\[ŋəʔ²² pin⁵¹\\] |\n| [Gan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gan_Chinese \"Gan Chinese\") |   |\n| Romanization | Ngiet7 biang3 |\n| [Hakka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakka_Chinese \"Hakka Chinese\") |   |\n| [Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka \"Guangdong Romanization\") | Ngat biang |\n| [Yue: Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\") |   |\n| [Yale Romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese \"Yale romanization of Cantonese\") | yuht béng |\n| [Jyutping](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jyutping \"Jyutping\") | jyut6 beng2 |\n| [Southern Min](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Min \"Southern Min\") |   |\n| [Hokkien](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hokkien \"Hokkien\") [POJ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB \"Pe̍h-ōe-jī\") | go̍eh-piáⁿ |\n| Vietnamese name |   |\n| [Vietnamese alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_alphabet \"Vietnamese alphabet\") | *bánh Trung thu* |\n| [Chữ Nôm](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m \"Chữ Nôm\") | 餅中秋 |\n| Khmer name |   |\n| [Khmer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khmer_language \"Khmer language\") | នំព្រះច័ន្ទ |\n| [![Wikimedia Commons logo](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg) [Media: Mooncake](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Mooncakes \"commons:Category:Mooncakes\") |   |\n\nA **mooncake** ([simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): [月饼](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC \"wikt:月饼\"); [traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"): [月餅](https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 \"wikt:月餅\")) is a [Chinese baked item](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_bakery_products \"Chinese bakery products\") traditionally eaten during the [Mid-Autumn Festival](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mid-Autumn_Festival \"Mid-Autumn Festival\") (中秋節).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-1) The festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to [moon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon \"Moon\") watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-2) Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important [Chinese festivals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_festivals \"Chinese festivals\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-3)\n\nThere are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in [overseas Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overseas_Chinese \"Overseas Chinese\") communities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-4) is a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm (1\\+1⁄4–1\\+1⁄2 in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") (other typical fillings include [red bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\") or mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1\/8 of an inch) crust and may contain [yolks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yolk \"Yolk\") from [salted duck eggs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_duck_egg \"Salted duck egg\").[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-5)\n\nMooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by [tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_tea \"Chinese tea\"). Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents,[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-6) encouraging the market for high-end mooncakes.\n\nJust as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region,[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-7) mooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-8)[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-9)[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-10)\n\n## General description\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: General description\")\\]\n\nMost mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted [egg yolks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_yolks \"Egg yolks\") in the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-11)\n\nTraditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the [Chinese characters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_character \"Chinese character\") for \"[longevity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Longevity \"Longevity\")\" or \"harmony\", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-12) Imprints of the Moon, the [Chinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chang%27e \"Chang'e\"), flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration.\n\n### Mid-Autumn Festival\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Mid-Autumn Festival\")\\]\n\nThe festival is intricately linked to [legends of Chang’e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mid-Autumn_Festival#Moon_worship \"Mid-Autumn Festival\"), the Moon [Goddess](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goddess \"Goddess\") of [Immortality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Immortality \"Immortality\").[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-13) According to the *[Liji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liji \"Liji\")*, an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called \"Mid-Autumn\". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called \"Night of the Moon\".\n\nBecause of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'.\n\nThere is a folk tale about the overthrow of the [Yuan dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yuan_dynasty \"Yuan dynasty\") facilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes.\n\nMooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the [Mongol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongols \"Mongols\")\\-led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the [Ming dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ming_dynasty \"Ming dynasty\").[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-npr-2019sep14-14)[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-ao-2017aug11-15) The idea is said to have been conceived by [Zhu Yuanzhang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhu_Yuanzhang \"Zhu Yuanzhang\") and his advisor [Liu Bowen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liu_Bowen \"Liu Bowen\"), who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user. This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes. The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-16)\n\nAnother method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic. To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts. The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message. The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6a\/Lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)\n\nCut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk \"moon\"\n\nMany types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes:[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-17)\n\n- **[Lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\")** (蓮蓉, *lían róng*): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes.[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-18)White lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler.\n- **[Sweet bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweet_bean_paste \"Sweet bean paste\")** (豆沙, *dòu shā*): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although [red bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_bean_paste \"Red bean paste\"), made from [azuki beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azuki_bean \"Azuki bean\"), is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from [mung beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean \"Mung bean\"), as well as [black beans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_bean_paste \"Black bean paste\").\n- **[Jujube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jujube \"Jujube\") paste** (棗泥, *zǎo ní*): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity\/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler.\n- **Five kernels** (五仁, *wǔ rén*) or **mixed nuts**: A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with [maltose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltose \"Maltose\") syrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include: [walnuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walnut \"Walnut\"), [pumpkin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pumpkin \"Pumpkin\") seeds, [watermelon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watermelon \"Watermelon\") seeds, [peanuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut \"Peanut\"), [sesame](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sesame \"Sesame\") seeds, or [almonds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Almond \"Almond\"). The mixture for the filling also contains candied [winter melon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winter_melon \"Winter melon\"), [jinhua ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jinhua_ham \"Jinhua ham\"), or pieces of [rock sugar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rock_candy \"Rock candy\") as additional flavoring.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/39\/Moon_Cakes.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cakes.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cakes.jpg)\n\nMooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 (*jinmen danhuang*), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named \"Golden Gate\". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them.\n\nTraditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although [vegetarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetarian \"Vegetarian\") mooncakes may use [vegetable oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vegetable_oil \"Vegetable oil\"), many mooncakes use [lard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lard \"Lard\") in their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in [Chinese cuisine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_cuisine \"Chinese cuisine\"):[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-19)\n\n- **Chewy**: This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\")\\-style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in [North America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/North_America \"North America\") and many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup, [lye](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lye \"Lye\") water (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 \\[Na2CO3\\]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding [maltose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltose \"Maltose\") syrup to the mixture.\n  - The dough is also baked into [fish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fish \"Fish\") or [piglet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pig \"Pig\") shapes ([Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): 猪仔饼; [Cantonese Yale](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese \"Yale romanization of Cantonese\"): *jyū jái béng*;\n    lit.\n    'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale.\n- **Flaky**: Flaky crusts are most indicative of [Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\- and [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan \"Taiwan\")\\-style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been [stir-fried](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stir_frying \"Stir frying\") in oil. This crust has a texture similar to [puff pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puff_pastry \"Puff pastry\").\n- **Tender**: Mooncakes from certain provinces of [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China \"China\")\\[*[which?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words \"Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words\")*\\] are often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the [shortcrust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shortcrust_pastry \"Shortcrust pastry\") used in Western [pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pie \"Pie\") crusts or [tart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tart \"Tart\") shells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the [egg tart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Egg_tart \"Egg tart\").\n- **Crumbly**: [Yunnan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan \"Yunnan\")\\-style mooncakes are made using a [hot water crust pastry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hot_water_crust_pastry \"Hot water crust pastry\") that combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere.[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-20)\n\n### Regional variations in China\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=8 \"Edit section: Regional variations in China\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg\/250px-Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)\n\nMooncakes from Malaysia\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)\n\nCantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including [salted duck egg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salted_duck_egg \"Salted duck egg\") yolk and [lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") as fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/70\/Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)\n\nCantonese-style mooncake with five nuts\/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bc\/Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg\/250px-Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)\n\n[Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncakes with minced pork filling\n\nThere are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include:[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-21)\n\n- **[Beijing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beijing_cuisine \"Beijing cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This style has two variations. One, called *di qiang*, was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called \"*fan mao*\", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain [hawthorn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rhaphiolepis \"Rhaphiolepis\") and [wisteria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wisteria \"Wisteria\") blossom flavors.\n- **[Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese_cuisine \"Cantonese cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: Originating from [Guangdong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong \"Guangdong\") and [Guangxi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangxi \"Guangxi\") provinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken, [duck](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duck_\$food\$ \"Duck (food)\"), roast [pork](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pork \"Pork\"), [mushrooms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edible_mushroom \"Edible mushroom\"), egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four [phases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moon_phase \"Moon phase\") of the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly.[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-22)\n- **[Shanghai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shanghai_cuisine \"Shanghai cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling.\n- **[Hong Kong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hong_Kong_cuisine \"Hong Kong cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While [Hongkongers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongkongers \"Hongkongers\") typically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as [snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\") have been appearing over the last few decades.\n- **[Teochew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teochew_cuisine \"Teochew cuisine\")\\-style mooncake**: This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The [Teochew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaozhou_people \"Chaozhou people\") also have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) ([simplified Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"): 莲花酥月饼; [traditional Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"): 蓮花酥月餅; [pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pinyin \"Pinyin\"): *Liánhuā sū yuèbǐng*), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as \"la bia\" ([朥饼](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E6%9C%A5%E9%A5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1 \"朥饼 (page does not exist)\")) in the [Chaoshan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaoshan \"Chaoshan\") region in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry.\n- **[Ningbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ningbo \"Ningbo\")\\-style mooncake**: This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in [Zhejiang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhejiang \"Zhejiang\") province, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either [seaweed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edible_seaweed \"Edible seaweed\") or [ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ham \"Ham\"); it is also known for its [spicy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spice \"Spice\") and salty flavor.\n- **[Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncake**: This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky [dough](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dough \"Dough\") and generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties. [Suzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suzhou \"Suzhou\")\\-style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽, *jiāoyán*) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes.\n- **[Meizhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meizhou \"Meizhou\")\\-style mooncake**\n- **Southern Min-style mooncake**\n- **[Wenzhou](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wenzhou \"Wenzhou\")\\-style mooncake**\n- **[Yunnan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yunnan \"Yunnan\")\\-style mooncake**: The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including [rice flour](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rice_flour \"Rice flour\"), [wheat flour](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wheat_flour \"Wheat flour\"), and [buckwheat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buckwheat \"Buckwheat\") flour, and a filling that combines [Xuanwei ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xuanwei_ham \"Xuanwei ham\") and [sugar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sugar \"Sugar\").\n\n## Contemporary styles\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=9 \"Edit section: Contemporary styles\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/66\/Yam_mooncake1.jpg\/250px-Yam_mooncake1.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yam_mooncake1.jpg)\n\nJelly mooncake with yam-paste filling\n\nOver time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-23) Part of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences.[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-24)\n\nSome of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then. [Taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro \"Taro\") paste (芋泥, *yù ní*), [pineapple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\") and [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\") were amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in [Southeast Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia \"Southeast Asia\").[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-25)The crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of \"[snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\")\".[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-26) It is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-27) Miniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes.\n\nTo adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of [yogurt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yogurt \"Yogurt\"), [jelly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fruit_preserves \"Fruit preserves\"), and fat-free [ice-cream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ice-cream \"Ice-cream\"). Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet.\n\nContemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a \"mooncake bubble\" forming in China.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-28) Food critics sometimes point out that \"chocolate mooncakes\" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-29)\n\n### Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=10 \"Edit section: Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake\")\\]\n\nMooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped.[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-30)\n\nDuring Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-31)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/69\/Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)\n\nMooncake filling\n\nFillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing [taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro \"Taro\") paste and [pineapple](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\"), which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as [coffee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee \"Coffee\"), [chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate \"Chocolate\"), nuts (e.g., [walnuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walnut \"Walnut\"), [mixed nuts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mixed_nuts \"Mixed nuts\"), etc.), fruits (e.g., [prunes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prune_\$fruit\$ \"Prune (fruit)\"), [pineapples](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pineapple \"Pineapple\"), [melons](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Melon \"Melon\"), [lychees](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lychee \"Lychee\"), etc.), vegetables (e.g., [sweet potatoes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweet_potato \"Sweet potato\"), etc.), and even [ham](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ham \"Ham\") have been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes.\n\nSome other examples include\n\n- [cream cheese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cream_cheese \"Cream cheese\")\n- [chicken floss](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rousong \"Rousong\")\n- [tiramisu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiramisu \"Tiramisu\")\n- [green tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_tea \"Green tea\")\n- [pandan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pandan_\$cake\$ \"Pandan (cake)\")\n- [purple yam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purple_yam \"Purple yam\")\n- [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\")\n- [ice cream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ice_cream \"Ice cream\") (variety of flavors)\n- [chocolate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chocolate \"Chocolate\")\n- [strawberry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strawberry \"Strawberry\")\n- [coffee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coffee \"Coffee\")\n- [peanut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut \"Peanut\")\n- [mango pomelo sago](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mango_pomelo_sago \"Mango pomelo sago\")\n- [mala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mala_\$seasoning\$ \"Mala (seasoning)\")\n- lava custard[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-32)\n\n[![Snow skin fruity mooncakes](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg\/250px-Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)\n\nSnow skin fruity mooncakes\n\nTraditional Chinese delicacies such as [ginseng](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ginseng \"Ginseng\") and [bird's nest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiftlet \"Swiftlet\") were soon followed by [abalone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abalone \"Abalone\") and [shark fin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shark_fin_soup \"Shark fin soup\"). Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in. [Häagen-Dazs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H%C3%A4agen-Dazs \"Häagen-Dazs\") were one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the \"traditional,\" snow-skin, or [Belgian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belgian_chocolate \"Belgian chocolate\")\/[Swiss](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swiss_chocolate \"Swiss chocolate\") white, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even [Black truffles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_truffles \"Black truffles\"), [caviar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caviar \"Caviar\") and [foie gras](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foie_gras \"Foie gras\") have made it into mooncakes.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ec\/Pink_jelly2.jpg\/250px-Pink_jelly2.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pink_jelly2.jpg)\n\nPink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling\n\nSnowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts:\n\n- **[Glutinous rice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glutinous_rice \"Glutinous rice\")**: A crust with texture similar to that of a [mochi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mochi \"Mochi\"). This is a [snow skin mooncake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snow_skin_mooncake \"Snow skin mooncake\"). These moon cakes are known [colloquially](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colloquial \"Colloquial\") as \"*snowskin mooncakes*\", \"*ice-skin mooncakes*\" or \"*snowy mooncakes*\" (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅).[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-cnn-33)\n- **Jelly**: A crust made of gelling mixtures such as [agar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Agar \"Agar\"), [gelatin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gelatin \"Gelatin\"), or [konjac](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konjac \"Konjac\") and flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings.\n\n## Use in other countries and regions\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=13 \"Edit section: Use in other countries and regions\")\\]\n\nMooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling.\n\nMooncakes in Japan are known as *geppei* (月餅), a transliteration of the Chinese name. Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's [Chinatowns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinatown \"Chinatown\"). [Azuki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azuki \"Azuki\") (red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used.\n\nThe most traditional mooncake found within [Taiwan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taiwan \"Taiwan\") resembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with [mochi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mochi \"Mochi\") in the center. The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled [mung bean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean \"Mung bean\") (*lu dou*) or [taro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taro_cake \"Taro cake\") paste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-34) Modern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions. Popular modern flavors include [green tea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_tea \"Green tea\"), chocolate, strawberry and [tiramisu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiramisu \"Tiramisu\").\n\nIn [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesia \"Indonesia\"), there are several main types of mooncakes,\\[*[quantify](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Dates_and_numbers \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Dates and numbers\")*\\] from the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk, [durian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durian \"Durian\"), [jackfruit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jackfruit \"Jackfruit\") and many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season.\n\nAs a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with [halal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halal \"Halal\") ingredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or [peanut oil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peanut_oil \"Peanut oil\")[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-35) and filled with [mung bean paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mung_bean_paste \"Mung bean paste\").\n\nThere are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes; [George Town](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Town,_Penang \"George Town, Penang\"), [Kuala Lumpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuala_Lumpur \"Kuala Lumpur\") and [Sabah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sabah \"Sabah\"). Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure [Hunan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunan \"Hunan\") lotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk.[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-36)\n\n[![Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore.](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/67\/Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg\/250px-Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)\n\nMooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore\n\nIn [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore \"Singapore\"), mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes. Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts, [osmanthus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osmanthus \"Osmanthus\"), orange peel and melon seeds.\n\nSnowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes.\n\nMooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US\\$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends.\n\nIn [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"), mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in [Thai-Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_Chinese \"Thai Chinese\") bakeries during festival season. In [Bangkok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangkok \"Bangkok\"), traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to [Chinatown](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinatown,_Bangkok \"Chinatown, Bangkok\") on [Yaowarat Road](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yaowarat_Road \"Yaowarat Road\"), but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/35\/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG\/250px-B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)\n\nA box with *bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) and *bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake)\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a4\/B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg\/250px-B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)\n\nVietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk\n\nIn Vietnam, mooncakes are known as *bánh trung thu*[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_note-37) (literally \"mid-autumn cake\"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake: *bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) and *bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake).\n\nIt can be said that *bánh nướng* and *bánh dẻo* are two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the [Tết Trung Thu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%E1%BA%BFt_Trung_Thu \"Tết Trung Thu\") season. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found.\n\nVietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately.\n\n*Bánh nướng* (baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning.\n\n*Bánh dẻo* (sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than *bánh nướng*. The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However, *bánh dẻo* is not as popular as *bánh nướng*.\n\n- [![Baked moon cake from Vietnam](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/58\/Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG\/250px-Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG \"Baked moon cake from Vietnam\")\n  Baked moon cake from Vietnam\n- [![Commercial brand Mooncake](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c0\/Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg\/250px-Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg \"Commercial brand Mooncake\")\n  Commercial brand Mooncake\n- [![Mooncakes](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/be\/Moon_Cakes2.jpg\/250px-Moon_Cakes2.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Moon_Cakes2.jpg \"Mooncakes\")\n  Mooncakes\n- [![Mooncakes in Chengdu](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg\/250px-Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg \"Mooncakes in Chengdu\")\n  Mooncakes in Chengdu\n\n- [Bakpia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bakpia \"Bakpia\") (Hopia)\n- [Bánh pía](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa \"Bánh pía\") – Vietnamese pastry\n- [Crystal cake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crystal_cake \"Crystal cake\") – Chinese dessert\n- [List of Chinese desserts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chinese_desserts \"List of Chinese desserts\")\n- [Lotus seed paste](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lotus_seed_paste \"Lotus seed paste\") – Chinese dessert ingredient\n- [Nian gao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nian_gao \"Nian gao\") – Chinese food\n- [Suncake (Taiwan)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suncake_\$Taiwan\$ \"Suncake (Taiwan)\") – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose\n- [Yueguangbing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yueguangbing \"Yueguangbing\") – Traditional Hakka mooncake\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"MOONCAKE - Cambridge Dictionary\"](https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/dictionary\/english\/mooncake). 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Retrieved 12 December 2025.\n32. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-32)**\n    [\"8 new Hong Kong mooncake flavors for 2016: the best and the rest – our verdict\"](https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/2008377\/8-best-tasting-mooncakes-hong-kong). *SCMP Food & Drink*. 25 August 2016. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180831211710\/https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/lifestyle\/food-drink\/article\/2008377\/8-best-tasting-mooncakes-hong-kong) from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.\n33. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-cnn_33-0)**\n    Tiffany Lam; Virginia Lau (29 September 2009). [\"The Mooncake Challenge\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121004020459\/http:\/\/www.cnngo.com\/hong-kong\/eat\/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006). *CNN Go*. Archived from [the original](http:\/\/www.cnngo.com\/hong-kong\/eat\/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006\/) on 4 October 2012. 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Retrieved 4 October 2024.\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Top 10 mooncakes for 2014\"](http:\/\/ccfoodtravel.com\/2014\/08\/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014\/). *Ccfoodtravel.com*. 13 August 2014. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151001024114\/http:\/\/ccfoodtravel.com\/2014\/08\/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014\/) from the original on 1 October 2015.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mooncake#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake\"](https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/). November 2019. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201106155844\/https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/) from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2020.\n\n- [Chinatownology – Moon cakes and social solidarity](http:\/\/www.chinatownology.com\/mooncakes.html)\n- [Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake](https:\/\/www.goexplorevietnam.com\/vietnam-moon-cake\/)\n- [What is Mooncake?](https:\/\/www.chinaeducationaltours.com\/guide\/mid-autumn-festival-mooncake.htm)","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	For the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see Moon pie . Mooncake A Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste Type Pastry Course Dessert Place of origin China Region or state East Asia and Southeast Asia Main ingredients Crust: lard or vegetable oil Filling: red bean or lotus seed paste , salted egg yolk , may or may not have additional ingredients Food energy (per 100 g serving) 416 kcal (1,740 kJ ) (approximately) Chinese name Traditional Chinese 月餅 Simplified Chinese 月饼 Hanyu Pinyin yuèbing, yuèbǐng Literal meaning Moon cake/biscuit Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin yuèbing, yuèbǐng Wade–Giles yüeh-ping IPA [ɥêpìŋ] Wu Romanization gniuq 8 -pin 5 [ɲyɪʔ piɲ] Suzhounese ngeq 8 -pin 3 [ŋəʔ²² pin⁵¹] Gan Romanization Ngiet7 biang3 Hakka Romanization Ngat biang Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization yuht béng Jyutping jyut6 beng2 Southern Min Hokkien POJ go̍eh-piáⁿ Vietnamese name Vietnamese alphabet bánh Trung thu Chữ Nôm 餅中秋 Khmer name Khmer នំព្រះច័ន្ទ Media: Mooncake A mooncake ( simplified Chinese : 月饼 ; traditional Chinese : 月餅 ) is a Chinese baked item traditionally eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋節). [ 1 ] The festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to moon watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy. [ 2 ] Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important Chinese festivals . [ 3 ] There are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in overseas Chinese communities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake [ 4 ] is a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from lotus seed paste (other typical fillings include red bean paste or mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1/8 of an inch) crust and may contain yolks from salted duck eggs . [ 5 ] Mooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by tea . Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents, [ 6 ] encouraging the market for high-end mooncakes. Just as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region, [ 7 ] mooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] General description [ edit ] Most mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted egg yolks in the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried. [ 11 ] Traditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the Chinese characters for " longevity " or "harmony", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside. [ 12 ] Imprints of the Moon, the Chinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e) , flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration. Mid-Autumn Festival [ edit ] The festival is intricately linked to legends of Chang’e , the Moon Goddess of Immortality . [ 13 ] According to the Liji , an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called "Mid-Autumn". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called "Night of the Moon". Because of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'. There is a folk tale about the overthrow of the Yuan dynasty facilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes. Mooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the Mongol -led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the Ming dynasty . [ 14 ] [ 15 ] The idea is said to have been conceived by Zhu Yuanzhang and his advisor Liu Bowen , who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user. This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes. The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers. [ 16 ] Another method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic. To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts. The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message. The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message. Cut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk "moon" Many types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes: [ 17 ] Lotus seed paste (蓮蓉, lían róng ): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes. [ 18 ] White lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler. Sweet bean paste (豆沙, dòu shā ): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although red bean paste , made from azuki beans , is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from mung beans , as well as black beans . Jujube paste (棗泥, zǎo ní ): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler. Five kernels (五仁, wǔ rén ) or mixed nuts : A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with maltose syrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include: walnuts , pumpkin seeds, watermelon seeds, peanuts , sesame seeds, or almonds . The mixture for the filling also contains candied winter melon , jinhua ham , or pieces of rock sugar as additional flavoring. Mooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 ( jinmen danhuang ), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named "Golden Gate". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them. Traditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although vegetarian mooncakes may use vegetable oil , many mooncakes use lard in their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in Chinese cuisine : [ 19 ] Chewy : This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on Cantonese -style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in North America and many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup, lye water (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 [Na 2 CO 3 ]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding maltose syrup to the mixture. The dough is also baked into fish or piglet shapes ( Chinese : 猪仔饼 ; Cantonese Yale : jyū jái béng ; lit. 'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale. Flaky : Flaky crusts are most indicative of Suzhou - and Taiwan -style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been stir-fried in oil. This crust has a texture similar to puff pastry . Tender : Mooncakes from certain provinces of China [ which? ] are often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the shortcrust pastry used in Western pie crusts or tart shells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the egg tart . Crumbly : Yunnan -style mooncakes are made using a hot water crust pastry that combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere. [ 20 ] Regional variations in China [ edit ] Mooncakes from Malaysia Cantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including salted duck egg yolk and lotus seed paste as fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface) Cantonese-style mooncake with five nuts/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds) Suzhou -style mooncakes with minced pork filling There are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include: [ 21 ] Beijing -style mooncake : This style has two variations. One, called di qiang , was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called " fan mao ", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain hawthorn and wisteria blossom flavors. Cantonese -style mooncake : Originating from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken, duck , roast pork , mushrooms , egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four phases of the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly. [ 22 ] Shanghai -style mooncake : This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling. Hong Kong -style mooncake : Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While Hongkongers typically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as snow skin mooncake have been appearing over the last few decades. Teochew -style mooncake : This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The Teochew also have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) ( simplified Chinese : 莲花酥月饼 ; traditional Chinese : 蓮花酥月餅 ; pinyin : Liánhuā sū yuèbǐng ), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as "la bia" ( 朥饼 ) in the Chaoshan region in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry. Ningbo -style mooncake : This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in Zhejiang province, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either seaweed or ham ; it is also known for its spicy and salty flavor. Suzhou -style mooncake : This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky dough and generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties. Suzhou -style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽, jiāoyán ) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes. Meizhou -style mooncake Southern Min-style mooncake Wenzhou -style mooncake Yunnan -style mooncake : The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including rice flour , wheat flour , and buckwheat flour, and a filling that combines Xuanwei ham and sugar . Contemporary styles [ edit ] Jelly mooncake with yam-paste filling Over time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered. [ 23 ] Part of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences. [ 24 ] Some of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then. Taro paste (芋泥, yù ní ), pineapple and durian were amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia . [ 25 ] The crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of " snow skin mooncake ". [ 26 ] It is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers. [ 27 ] Miniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes. To adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of yogurt , jelly , and fat-free ice-cream . Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet. Contemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a "mooncake bubble" forming in China. [ 28 ] Food critics sometimes point out that "chocolate mooncakes" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together. [ 29 ] Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake [ edit ] Mooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped. [ 30 ] During Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste. [ 31 ] Mooncake filling Fillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing taro paste and pineapple , which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as coffee , chocolate , nuts (e.g., walnuts , mixed nuts , etc.), fruits (e.g., prunes , pineapples , melons , lychees , etc.), vegetables (e.g., sweet potatoes , etc.), and even ham have been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes. Some other examples include cream cheese chicken floss tiramisu green tea pandan purple yam durian ice cream (variety of flavors) chocolate strawberry coffee peanut mango pomelo sago mala lava custard [ 32 ] Snow skin fruity mooncakes Traditional Chinese delicacies such as ginseng and bird's nest were soon followed by abalone and shark fin . Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in. Häagen-Dazs were one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the "traditional," snow-skin, or Belgian / Swiss white, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even Black truffles , caviar and foie gras have made it into mooncakes. Pink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling Snowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts: Glutinous rice : A crust with texture similar to that of a mochi . This is a snow skin mooncake . These moon cakes are known colloquially as " snowskin mooncakes ", " ice-skin mooncakes " or " snowy mooncakes " (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅). [ 33 ] Jelly : A crust made of gelling mixtures such as agar , gelatin , or konjac and flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings. Use in other countries and regions [ edit ] Mooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling. Mooncakes in Japan are known as geppei ( 月餅 ) , a transliteration of the Chinese name. Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's Chinatowns . Azuki (red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used. The most traditional mooncake found within Taiwan resembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with mochi in the center. The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled mung bean ( lu dou ) or taro paste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character. [ 34 ] Modern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions. Popular modern flavors include green tea , chocolate, strawberry and tiramisu . In Indonesia , there are several main types of mooncakes, [ quantify ] from the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk, durian , jackfruit and many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season. As a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with halal ingredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or peanut oil [ 35 ] and filled with mung bean paste . There are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes; George Town , Kuala Lumpur and Sabah . Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure Hunan lotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk. [ 36 ] Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore In Singapore , mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes. Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts, osmanthus , orange peel and melon seeds. Snowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes. Mooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends. In Thailand , mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in Thai-Chinese bakeries during festival season. In Bangkok , traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to Chinatown on Yaowarat Road , but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets. A box with bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) Vietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk In Vietnam, mooncakes are known as bánh trung thu [ 37 ] (literally "mid-autumn cake"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake: bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake). It can be said that bánh nướng and bánh dẻo are two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the Tết Trung Thu season. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found. Vietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately. Bánh nướng (baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning. Bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than bánh nướng . The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However, bánh dẻo is not as popular as bánh nướng . Baked moon cake from Vietnam Commercial brand Mooncake Mooncakes Mooncakes in Chengdu Bakpia (Hopia) Bánh pía – Vietnamese pastry Crystal cake – Chinese dessert List of Chinese desserts Lotus seed paste – Chinese dessert ingredient Nian gao – Chinese food Suncake (Taiwan) – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose Yueguangbing – Traditional Hakka mooncake ^ "MOONCAKE - Cambridge Dictionary" . Archived from the original on 20 February 2018 . Retrieved 9 April 2023 . ^ "[黄涛]中秋节：月光里的温情与狂欢 · 中国民俗学网-中国民俗学会 · 主办 ·" . www.chinafolklore.org . Archived from the original on 16 September 2024 . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "既是节气又是节日的清明" . www.visitbeijing.com.cn . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "Traditional Mooncakes in China - 12 Types of Regional Variations" . TravelChinaGuide.com . 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022 . Retrieved 8 September 2022 . ^ "10 Most Popular Mooncake Flavors - Which one do you like?" . TravelChinaGuide.com . 14 April 2021. Archived from the original on 10 September 2024 . Retrieved 8 September 2022 . ^ Asianweek Archived 26 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine ^ "Mid-Autumn Festival" . www.roots.gov.sg . Archived from the original on 23 July 2021 . Retrieved 22 July 2021 . ^ "Mid-Autumn Festival in Other Asian Countries" . Travelchinaguide.com . Archived from the original on 10 September 2018 . Retrieved 27 May 2017 . ^ Parulis-Cook, Sienna. "Mooncakes: China's Evolving Tradition" . The Atlantic . Archived from the original on 18 September 2017 . Retrieved 27 May 2017 . ^ "Customs around the Mid-Autumn Festival" . China Today . 7 September 2016. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018 . Retrieved 27 May 2017 . ^ "人民日报海外版-人民网" . paper.people.com.cn . Archived from the original on 23 July 2025 . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "月饼：传统与团结的美味象征" . iweiyi.com - Flowers and Gifts Delivery in China (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 15 November 2025 . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ 爱诗礼 (17 September 2024). "庆祝中国中秋节：传统、传说和文化意义 - 马林少林功夫学院" . Maling Shaolin Kung Fu Academy (in Chinese (China)) . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "The Revolutionary History Of Mooncakes" . Morning Edition . 14 September 2019. NPR . Archived from the original on 6 November 2020 . Retrieved 17 October 2020 . ^ Frost, Natasha (11 August 2017). "Did Mooncakes Help the Chinese Overthrow the Mongols?: On the enduring power of myth and metaphor" . Atlas Obscura . Archived from the original on 11 August 2021 . Retrieved 17 October 2020 . ^ Phipps, Gavin (6 September 2003). "A new mooncake rising - Taipei Times" . Taipei Times . p. 16. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018 . Retrieved 2 October 2018 . ^ "月饼小知识-新华网" . www.xinhuanet.com . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "莲蓉月饼的莲蓉是什么" . www.sohu.com . Retrieved 28 October 2025 . [ dead link ] ^ "月饼_中国国情_中国网" . guoqing.china.com.cn . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "Types Of Mooncake – Moon Festival" . Moonfestivalblog.com . June 2021. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022 . Retrieved 13 April 2022 . ^ "月饼承载记忆与情感" . paper.people.com.cn . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ 鳳凰衛視中文台, 12 September 2008 ^ Zhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022). "Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging" . Art & Design Research . 3 (1). doi : 10.37420/j.adr.2021.010 (inactive 10 January 2026). ISSN 2692-3173 . Archived from the original on 12 December 2025 . Retrieved 12 December 2025 . {{ cite journal }} : CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 ( link ) ^ Yang, Lemei (15 October 2017). "China's Mid-Autumn Day" . Exproxy . Archived from the original on 21 September 2020 . Retrieved 15 February 2019 . ^ " "洋味"月饼飘香传统中秋佳节-新华网" . www.xinhuanet.com . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ "冰皮月饼系列 Snow Skin Series Archives - Tai Thong Mooncake" . Tai Thong . Archived from the original on 16 November 2025 . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ^ Sheila, McNamara (1996). "Mooncakes over Hong Kong" . Far Eastern Economic Review . 159 : 51. Archived from the original on 21 September 2020 . Retrieved 19 February 2019 . ^ "Is a High-End "Mooncake Bubble" Forming in China? « Jing Daily : The Business of Luxury and Culture in China" . Archived from the original on 6 September 2010 . Retrieved 19 September 2010 . ^ "Asia Tatler" . Asiatatler.com . Archived from the original on 21 September 2020 . Retrieved 2 October 2018 . ^ Zhu, Wenshuang; Wang, Yujun (30 December 2022). "Analysis of the mooncake packaging design strategy under the concept of green packaging" . Art & Design Research . 3 (1). doi : 10.37420/j.adr.2021.010 (inactive 10 January 2026). ISSN 2692-3173 . {{ cite journal }} : CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2026 ( link ) ^ "Dark side of the mooncakes: how to stop millions ending up in landfills" . South China Morning Post . 13 September 2023. Archived from the original on 10 February 2026 . Retrieved 12 December 2025 . ^ "8 new Hong Kong mooncake flavors for 2016: the best and the rest – our verdict" . SCMP Food & Drink . 25 August 2016. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018 . Retrieved 31 August 2018 . ^ Tiffany Lam; Virginia Lau (29 September 2009). "The Mooncake Challenge" . CNN Go . Archived from the original on 4 October 2012 . Retrieved 11 August 2012 . ^ "Taiwanese Mooncake" . Archived from the original on 27 May 2022 . Retrieved 24 August 2022 . ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (21 September 2021). "Apakah Kue Bulan Tradisional Selalu Mengandung Minyak Babi?" . Kompas.com . Archived from the original on 7 October 2024 . Retrieved 4 October 2024 . ^ "Top 10 mooncakes for 2014" . Ccfoodtravel.com . 13 August 2014. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. ^ "Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake" . November 2019. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020 . Retrieved 23 September 2020 . Chinatownology – Moon cakes and social solidarity Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake What is Mooncake?
Markdown	[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mooncake "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mooncake "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]") Personal tools - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mooncake "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mooncake "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake) - [1 General description](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#General_description) - [2 History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#History) Toggle History subsection - [2\.1 Mid-Autumn Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Mid-Autumn_Festival) - [2\.2 Ming Revolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Ming_Revolution) - [3 Traditional styles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Traditional_styles) Toggle Traditional styles subsection - [3\.1 Fillings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Fillings) - [3\.2 Crusts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Crusts) - [3\.3 Regional variations in China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Regional_variations_in_China) - [4 Contemporary styles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Contemporary_styles) Toggle Contemporary styles subsection - [4\.1 Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Waste_and_Over-packaging_Behind_Mooncake) - [4\.2 Fillings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Fillings_2) - [4\.3 Crusts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Crusts_2) - [5 Use in other countries and regions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Use_in_other_countries_and_regions) Toggle Use in other countries and regions subsection - [5\.1 East Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#East_Asia) - [5\.1.1 Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Mongolia) - [5\.1.2 Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Japan) - [5\.1.3 Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Taiwan) - [5\.2 Southeast Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Southeast_Asia) - [5\.2.1 Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Indonesia) - [5\.2.2 Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Malaysia) - [5\.2.3 Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Singapore) - [5\.2.4 Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Thailand) - [5\.2.5 Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Vietnam) - [6 Gallery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#Gallery) - [7 See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#See_also) - [8 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#References) - [9 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Mooncake 48 languages - [Afrikaans](https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maankoekie "Maankoekie – Afrikaans") - [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B9%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1 "كعك القمر – Arabic") - [অসমীয়া](https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95 "মুনকেক – Assamese") - [Azərbaycanca](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuebin "Yuebin – Azerbaijani") - [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past%C3%ADs_de_lluna "Pastís de lluna – Catalan") - [閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄](https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngu%C5%8Fk-bi%C4%81ng "Nguŏk-biāng – Mindong") - [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%9Bs%C3%AD%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_kol%C3%A1%C4%8D "Měsíční koláč – Czech") - [Dansk](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nekage "Månekage – Danish") - [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondkuchen "Mondkuchen – German") - [Esperanto](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunkuko "Lunkuko – Esperanto") - [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastel_de_luna "Pastel de luna – Spanish") - [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87 "کیک ماه – Persian") - [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuukakku "Kuukakku – Finnish") - [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_de_lune "Gâteau de lune – French") - [贛語](https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%8B%E9%A4%85 "中秋餅 – Gan") - [客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî](https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngie%CC%8Dt-k%C3%B4ng-k%C3%A2u "Ngie̍t-kông-kâu – Hakka Chinese") - [עברית](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%92%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%97 "עוגת ירח – Hebrew") - [Magyar](https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holds%C3%BCtem%C3%A9ny "Holdsütemény – Hungarian") - [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6 "Յուեբին – Armenian") - [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue_bulan "Kue bulan – Indonesian") - [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_lunare "Torta lunare – Italian") - [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "月餅 – Japanese") - [Jawa](https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuw%C3%A9_rembulan "Kuwé rembulan – Javanese") - [ქართული](https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98 "მთვარის ნამცხვარი – Georgian") - [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%94%EB%B3%91 "월병 – Korean") - [Bahasa Melayu](https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuih_bulan "Kuih bulan – Malay") - [မြန်မာဘာသာ](https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA "လမုန့် – Burmese") - [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maankoek "Maankoek – Dutch") - [Norsk nynorsk](https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nekake "Månekake – Norwegian Nynorsk") - [Norsk bokmål](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nekake "Månekake – Norwegian Bokmål") - [Polski](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciasteczka_ksi%C4%99%C5%BCycowe "Ciasteczka księżycowe – Polish") - [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo_lunar "Bolo lunar – Portuguese") - [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA "Лунный пряник – Russian") - [Српски / srpski](https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87 "Мјесечев колач – Serbian") - [Sunda](https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue_bulan "Kue bulan – Sundanese") - [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nkaka "Månkaka – Swedish") - [ไทย](https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C "ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์ – Thai") - [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay_keki "Ay keki – Turkish") - [ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche](https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%DA%86 "ئايتوقاچ – Uyghur") - [Українська](https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA "Мункейк – Ukrainian") - [Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча](https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oy_pirogi "Oy pirogi – Uzbek") - [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu "Bánh trung thu – Vietnamese") - [吴语](https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "月饼 – Wu") - [Vahcuengh](https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bingjronghndwen "Bingjronghndwen – Zhuang") - [文言](https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "月餅 – Literary Chinese") - [閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gí](https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goe%CC%8Dh-pi%C3%A1%E2%81%BF "Goe̍h-piáⁿ – Minnan") - [粵語](https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "月餅 – Cantonese") - [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "月饼 – Chinese") [Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q197969#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Mooncake "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=history "Past revisions of this page [h]") Tools Tools move to sidebar hide Actions - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - [View history](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=history) General - [What links here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mooncake "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]") - [Related changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mooncake "Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard "Upload files [u]") - [Permanent link](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&oldid=1342722272 "Permanent link to this revision of this page") - [Page information](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=info "More information about this page") - [Cite this page](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mooncake&id=1342722272&wpFormIdentifier=titleform "Information on how to cite this page") - [Get shortened URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMooncake) Print/export - [Download as PDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mooncake&action=show-download-screen "Download this page as a PDF file") - [Printable version](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&printable=yes "Printable version of this page [p]") In other projects - [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mooncake) - [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q197969 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]") Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chinese baked item For the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see [Moon pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_pie "Moon pie"). For the animated character, see [Final Space](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Space "Final Space"). \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg) \| This article needs additional citations for [verification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability "Wikipedia:Verifiability"). Please help [improve this article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mooncake "Special:EditPage/Mooncake") by [adding citations to reliable sources](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners "Help:Referencing for beginners"). Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: ["Mooncake"](https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mooncake%22) – [news](https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mooncake%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · [newspapers](https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mooncake%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · [books](https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mooncake%22+-wikipedia) · [scholar](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mooncake%22) · [JSTOR](https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mooncake%22&acc=on&wc=on) (September 2021) ([Learn how and when to remove this message](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal "Help:Maintenance template removal")) \| \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![Mooncake](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_3-4,_lotus_seed_paste.jpg "Mooncake")A Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste \| \| \| Type \| [Pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry "Pastry") \| \| Course \| Dessert \| \| Place of origin \| [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China "China") \| \| Region or state \| [East Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia "East Asia") and [Southeast Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia "Southeast Asia") \| \| Main ingredients \| Crust: [lard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lard "Lard") or [vegetable oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oil "Vegetable oil") Filling: [red bean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste") or [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste"), salted [egg yolk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolk "Egg yolk"), may or may not have additional ingredients \| \| [Food energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_energy "Food energy") (per 100 [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram "Gram") serving) \| 416 [kcal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie "Calorie") (1,740 [kJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilojoule "Kilojoule")) (approximately) \| \| Chinese name \| \| \| [Traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters") \| [月餅](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "wikt:月餅") \| \| [Simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters") \| [月饼](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "wikt:月饼") \| \| [Hanyu Pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin "Hanyu Pinyin") \| yuèbing, yuèbǐng \| \| Literal meaning \| Moon cake/biscuit \| \| Transcriptions \| \| \| [Standard Mandarin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese "Standard Chinese") \| \| \| [Hanyu Pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin "Hanyu Pinyin") \| yuèbing, yuèbǐng \| \| [Wade–Giles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles "Wade–Giles") \| yüeh-ping \| \| [IPA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin "Help:IPA/Mandarin") \| [\[ɥêpìŋ\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin "Help:IPA/Mandarin") \| \| [Wu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese "Wu Chinese") \| \| \| [Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese "Romanization of Wu Chinese") \| gniuq8\-pin5 [\[ɲyɪʔ piɲ\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Wu_Chinese "Help:IPA/Wu Chinese") \| \| [Suzhounese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhounese "Suzhounese") \| ngeq8\-pin3 \[ŋəʔ²² pin⁵¹\] \| \| [Gan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gan_Chinese "Gan Chinese") \| \| \| Romanization \| Ngiet7 biang3 \| \| [Hakka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_Chinese "Hakka Chinese") \| \| \| [Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka "Guangdong Romanization") \| Ngat biang \| \| [Yue: Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") \| \| \| [Yale Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese "Yale romanization of Cantonese") \| yuht béng \| \| [Jyutping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping "Jyutping") \| jyut6 beng2 \| \| [Southern Min](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min "Southern Min") \| \| \| [Hokkien](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien "Hokkien") [POJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB "Pe̍h-ōe-jī") \| go̍eh-piáⁿ \| \| Vietnamese name \| \| \| [Vietnamese alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_alphabet "Vietnamese alphabet") \| bánh Trung thu \| \| [Chữ Nôm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m "Chữ Nôm") \| 餅中秋 \| \| Khmer name \| \| \| [Khmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_language "Khmer language") \| នំព្រះច័ន្ទ \| \| [![Wikimedia Commons logo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg) [Media: Mooncake](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mooncakes "commons:Category:Mooncakes") \| \| \| \| \|---\| \| Part of a series on \| \| [Chinese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_cuisine "Chinese cuisine") \| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/ChineseDishLogo.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ChineseDishLogo.png) \| \| [Regional cuisines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_regional_cuisine "Chinese regional cuisine") Four Great Traditions [Chuan (Sichuan)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine "Sichuan cuisine") [Lu (Shandong)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shandong_cuisine "Shandong cuisine") [Yue (Guangdong)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine") [Huaiyang (Jiangsu)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huaiyang_cuisine "Huaiyang cuisine") Eight Great Traditions (+all above) [Anhui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhui_cuisine "Anhui cuisine") [Fujian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujian_cuisine "Fujian cuisine") [Hunan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan_cuisine "Hunan cuisine") [Zhejiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine "Zhejiang cuisine") Ten Great Traditions (+all above) [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_cuisine "Beijing cuisine") [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine "Shanghai cuisine") Twelve Great Traditions (+all above) [Henan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan_cuisine "Henan cuisine") [Shaanxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaanxi_cuisine "Shaanxi cuisine") Fourteen Great Traditions (+all above) [Hubei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei_cuisine "Hubei cuisine") [Liaoning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaoning_cuisine "Liaoning cuisine") Sixteen Great Traditions (+all above) [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin_cuisine "Tianjin cuisine") [Yunnan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan_cuisine "Yunnan cuisine") New Eight Great Traditions [Gansu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gansu_cuisine "Gansu cuisine") [Hangzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style "Zhejiang cuisine") [Jilin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jilin_cuisine "Jilin cuisine") [Liaoning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaoning_cuisine "Liaoning cuisine") [Ningbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style "Zhejiang cuisine") [Shaanxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaanxi_cuisine "Shaanxi cuisine") [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine "Shanghai cuisine") [Shanxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxi_cuisine "Shanxi cuisine") Beijing and the vicinity [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_cuisine "Beijing cuisine") [Imperial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_imperial_cuisine "Chinese imperial cuisine") [Aristocrat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_aristocrat_cuisine "Chinese aristocrat cuisine") [Tianjin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjin_cuisine "Tianjin cuisine") Other regional styles [Teochew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_cuisine "Teochew cuisine") [Guangxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxi_cuisine "Guangxi cuisine") [Guizhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guizhou_cuisine "Guizhou cuisine") [Hainan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_cuisine "Hainan cuisine") [Haipai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haipai_cuisine "Haipai cuisine") [Hakka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_cuisine "Hakka cuisine") [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine "Hong Kong cuisine") [Jiangxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiangxi_cuisine "Jiangxi cuisine") [Macanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macanese_cuisine "Macanese cuisine") [Manchu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchu_cuisine "Manchu cuisine") [Northeastern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northeastern_Chinese_cuisine "Northeastern Chinese cuisine") [Putian (Henghwa)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putian_cuisine "Putian cuisine") [Qinghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qinghai_cuisine "Qinghai cuisine") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine "Taiwanese cuisine") [Tibetan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_cuisine "Tibetan cuisine") [Xinjiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinjiang_cuisine "Xinjiang cuisine") \| \| Overseas cuisine [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Chinese_cuisine "Australian Chinese cuisine") [Britain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Chinese_cuisine "British Chinese cuisine") [Burma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_Chinese_cuisine "Burmese Chinese cuisine") [Cambodia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine "Cambodian Chinese cuisine") [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine "Canadian Chinese cuisine") [Caribbean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_Chinese_cuisine "Caribbean Chinese cuisine") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine "Filipino Chinese cuisine") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Chinese_cuisine "Indian Chinese cuisine") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine "Chinese Indonesian cuisine") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Chinese_cuisine "Japanese Chinese cuisine") [Latin America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Latin_American_cuisine "Chinese Latin American cuisine") [Perú](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chifa "Chifa") [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Chinese_cuisine "Puerto Rican Chinese cuisine") [Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Chinese_cuisine "Korean Chinese cuisine") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine "Malaysian Chinese cuisine") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Chinese_cuisine "New Zealand Chinese cuisine") [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine "Pakistani Chinese cuisine") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine#Chinese "Singaporean cuisine") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine "American Chinese cuisine") \| \| Religious cuisines [Buddhist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Buddhist_cuisine "Chinese Buddhist cuisine") [Islamic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine "Chinese Islamic cuisine") [Taoist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoist_diet "Taoist diet") \| \| Ingredients and types of food [Main dishes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dishes "List of Chinese dishes") [Desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_desserts "Chinese desserts") [Noodles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_noodles "Chinese noodles") \| \| [Preparation and cooking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_cooking_techniques "Chinese cooking techniques") [Stir frying](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying "Stir frying") [Double steaming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_steaming "Double steaming") [Red cooking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_cooking "Red cooking") \| \| See also [Customs and etiquette](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Chinese_dining "Customs and etiquette in Chinese dining") [List of Chinese desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_desserts "List of Chinese desserts") [List of Chinese dishes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dishes "List of Chinese dishes") [List of Chinese restaurants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_restaurants "List of Chinese restaurants") [List of restaurants in China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_restaurants_in_China "List of restaurants in China") \| \| [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/20px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_$orthographic_projection$.svg) [Asia portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Asia "Portal:Asia") ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [China portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:China "Portal:China") ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [Taiwan portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Taiwan "Portal:Taiwan") ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png) [Hong Kong portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong "Portal:Hong Kong") ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/20px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png) [Singapore portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Singapore "Portal:Singapore") ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png) [Malaysia portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Malaysia "Portal:Malaysia") \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Chinese_cuisine "Template:Chinese cuisine") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Chinese_cuisine "Template talk:Chinese cuisine") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese_cuisine "Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese cuisine") \| A mooncake ([simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): [月饼](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "wikt:月饼"); [traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters"): [月餅](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "wikt:月餅")) is a [Chinese baked item](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bakery_products "Chinese bakery products") traditionally eaten during the [Mid-Autumn Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Autumn_Festival "Mid-Autumn Festival") (中秋節).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-1) The festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to [moon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon "Moon") watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-2) Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important [Chinese festivals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_festivals "Chinese festivals").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-3) There are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in [overseas Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_Chinese "Overseas Chinese") communities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-4) is a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm (1\+1⁄4–1\+1⁄2 in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") (other typical fillings include [red bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste") or mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1/8 of an inch) crust and may contain [yolks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolk "Yolk") from [salted duck eggs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_duck_egg "Salted duck egg").[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-5) Mooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by [tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_tea "Chinese tea"). Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-6) encouraging the market for high-end mooncakes. Just as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region,[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-7) mooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-8)[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-9)[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-10) ## General description \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: General description")\] Most mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted [egg yolks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolks "Egg yolks") in the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-11) Traditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the [Chinese characters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character "Chinese character") for "[longevity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longevity "Longevity")" or "harmony", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-12) Imprints of the Moon, the [Chinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%27e "Chang'e"), flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration. ## History \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: History")\] ### Mid-Autumn Festival \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Mid-Autumn Festival")\] The festival is intricately linked to [legends of Chang’e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Autumn_Festival#Moon_worship "Mid-Autumn Festival"), the Moon [Goddess](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddess "Goddess") of [Immortality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immortality "Immortality").[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-13) According to the [Liji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liji "Liji"), an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called "Mid-Autumn". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called "Night of the Moon". Because of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'. ### Ming Revolution \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Ming Revolution")\] There is a folk tale about the overthrow of the [Yuan dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty "Yuan dynasty") facilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes. Mooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the [Mongol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongols "Mongols")\-led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the [Ming dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty "Ming dynasty").[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-npr-2019sep14-14)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-ao-2017aug11-15) The idea is said to have been conceived by [Zhu Yuanzhang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang "Zhu Yuanzhang") and his advisor [Liu Bowen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Bowen "Liu Bowen"), who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user. This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes. The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-16) Another method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic. To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts. The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message. The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message. ## Traditional styles \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Traditional styles")\] ### Fillings \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Fillings")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lotus_seed_paste.jpg) Cut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk "moon" Many types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes:[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-17) - [Lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") (蓮蓉, lían róng): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes.[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-18)White lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler. - [Sweet bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_bean_paste "Sweet bean paste") (豆沙, dòu shā): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although [red bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste"), made from [azuki beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azuki_bean "Azuki bean"), is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from [mung beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean "Mung bean"), as well as [black beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bean_paste "Black bean paste"). - [Jujube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jujube "Jujube") paste (棗泥, zǎo ní): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler. - Five kernels (五仁, wǔ rén) or mixed nuts: A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with [maltose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose "Maltose") syrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include: [walnuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut "Walnut"), [pumpkin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin "Pumpkin") seeds, [watermelon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watermelon "Watermelon") seeds, [peanuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut "Peanut"), [sesame](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame "Sesame") seeds, or [almonds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almond "Almond"). The mixture for the filling also contains candied [winter melon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_melon "Winter melon"), [jinhua ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinhua_ham "Jinhua ham"), or pieces of [rock sugar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_candy "Rock candy") as additional flavoring. ### Crusts \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Crusts")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Moon_Cakes.jpg/250px-Moon_Cakes.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cakes.jpg) Mooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 (jinmen danhuang), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named "Golden Gate". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them. Traditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although [vegetarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarian "Vegetarian") mooncakes may use [vegetable oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oil "Vegetable oil"), many mooncakes use [lard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lard "Lard") in their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in [Chinese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_cuisine "Chinese cuisine"):[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-19) - Chewy: This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine")\-style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America "North America") and many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup, [lye](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lye "Lye") water (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 \[Na2CO3\]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding [maltose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose "Maltose") syrup to the mixture. - The dough is also baked into [fish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish "Fish") or [piglet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig "Pig") shapes ([Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): 猪仔饼; [Cantonese Yale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese "Yale romanization of Cantonese"): jyū jái béng; lit. 'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale. - Flaky: Flaky crusts are most indicative of [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\- and [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan "Taiwan")\-style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been [stir-fried](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying "Stir frying") in oil. This crust has a texture similar to [puff pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff_pastry "Puff pastry"). - Tender: Mooncakes from certain provinces of [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China "China")\[[which?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words "Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words")\] are often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the [shortcrust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcrust_pastry "Shortcrust pastry") used in Western [pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pie "Pie") crusts or [tart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tart "Tart") shells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the [egg tart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_tart "Egg tart"). - Crumbly: [Yunnan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan "Yunnan")\-style mooncakes are made using a [hot water crust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_water_crust_pastry "Hot water crust pastry") that combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-20) ### Regional variations in China \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Regional variations in China")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg/250px-Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg) Mooncakes from Malaysia [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg) Cantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including [salted duck egg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_duck_egg "Salted duck egg") yolk and [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") as fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg/250px-Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg) Cantonese-style mooncake with five nuts/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg/250px-Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg) [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncakes with minced pork filling There are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include:[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-21) - [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_cuisine "Beijing cuisine")\-style mooncake: This style has two variations. One, called di qiang, was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called "fan mao", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain [hawthorn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhaphiolepis "Rhaphiolepis") and [wisteria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisteria "Wisteria") blossom flavors. - [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine")\-style mooncake: Originating from [Guangdong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong "Guangdong") and [Guangxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxi "Guangxi") provinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken, [duck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_$food$ "Duck (food)"), roast [pork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pork "Pork"), [mushrooms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_mushroom "Edible mushroom"), egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four [phases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_phase "Moon phase") of the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-22) - [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine "Shanghai cuisine")\-style mooncake: This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling. - [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine "Hong Kong cuisine")\-style mooncake: Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While [Hongkongers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkongers "Hongkongers") typically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as [snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake") have been appearing over the last few decades. - [Teochew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_cuisine "Teochew cuisine")\-style mooncake: This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The [Teochew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaozhou_people "Chaozhou people") also have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) ([simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): 莲花酥月饼; [traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters"): 蓮花酥月餅; [pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin "Pinyin"): Liánhuā sū yuèbǐng), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as "la bia" ([朥饼](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%A5%E9%A5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1 "朥饼 (page does not exist)")) in the [Chaoshan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaoshan "Chaoshan") region in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry. - [Ningbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningbo "Ningbo")\-style mooncake: This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in [Zhejiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang "Zhejiang") province, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either [seaweed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_seaweed "Edible seaweed") or [ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham "Ham"); it is also known for its [spicy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice "Spice") and salty flavor. - [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncake: This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky [dough](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dough "Dough") and generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties. [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽, jiāoyán) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes. - [Meizhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meizhou "Meizhou")\-style mooncake - Southern Min-style mooncake - [Wenzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou "Wenzhou")\-style mooncake - [Yunnan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan "Yunnan")\-style mooncake: The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including [rice flour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_flour "Rice flour"), [wheat flour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_flour "Wheat flour"), and [buckwheat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckwheat "Buckwheat") flour, and a filling that combines [Xuanwei ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuanwei_ham "Xuanwei ham") and [sugar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar "Sugar"). ## Contemporary styles \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: Contemporary styles")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Yam_mooncake1.jpg/250px-Yam_mooncake1.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yam_mooncake1.jpg) Jelly mooncake with yam-paste filling Over time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-23) Part of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-24) Some of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then. [Taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro "Taro") paste (芋泥, yù ní), [pineapple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple") and [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian") were amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in [Southeast Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia "Southeast Asia").[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-25)The crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of "[snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake")".[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-26) It is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-27) Miniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes. To adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of [yogurt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogurt "Yogurt"), [jelly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_preserves "Fruit preserves"), and fat-free [ice-cream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice-cream "Ice-cream"). Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet. Contemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a "mooncake bubble" forming in China.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-28) Food critics sometimes point out that "chocolate mooncakes" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-29) ### Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake")\] Mooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-30) During Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-31) ### Fillings \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=11 "Edit section: Fillings")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg/250px-Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg) Mooncake filling Fillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing [taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro "Taro") paste and [pineapple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple"), which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as [coffee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee "Coffee"), [chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate "Chocolate"), nuts (e.g., [walnuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut "Walnut"), [mixed nuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_nuts "Mixed nuts"), etc.), fruits (e.g., [prunes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prune_$fruit$ "Prune (fruit)"), [pineapples](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple"), [melons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melon "Melon"), [lychees](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lychee "Lychee"), etc.), vegetables (e.g., [sweet potatoes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_potato "Sweet potato"), etc.), and even [ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham "Ham") have been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes. Some other examples include - [cream cheese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_cheese "Cream cheese") - [chicken floss](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rousong "Rousong") - [tiramisu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiramisu "Tiramisu") - [green tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_tea "Green tea") - [pandan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandan_$cake$ "Pandan (cake)") - [purple yam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_yam "Purple yam") - [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian") - [ice cream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream "Ice cream") (variety of flavors) - [chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate "Chocolate") - [strawberry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry "Strawberry") - [coffee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee "Coffee") - [peanut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut "Peanut") - [mango pomelo sago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango_pomelo_sago "Mango pomelo sago") - [mala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mala_$seasoning$ "Mala (seasoning)") - lava custard[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-32) [![Snow skin fruity mooncakes](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg/250px-Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg) Snow skin fruity mooncakes Traditional Chinese delicacies such as [ginseng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginseng "Ginseng") and [bird's nest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiftlet "Swiftlet") were soon followed by [abalone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abalone "Abalone") and [shark fin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_fin_soup "Shark fin soup"). Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in. [Häagen-Dazs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4agen-Dazs "Häagen-Dazs") were one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the "traditional," snow-skin, or [Belgian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_chocolate "Belgian chocolate")/[Swiss](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_chocolate "Swiss chocolate") white, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even [Black truffles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_truffles "Black truffles"), [caviar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caviar "Caviar") and [foie gras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foie_gras "Foie gras") have made it into mooncakes. ### Crusts \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=12 "Edit section: Crusts")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Pink_jelly2.jpg/250px-Pink_jelly2.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pink_jelly2.jpg) Pink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling Snowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts: - [Glutinous rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutinous_rice "Glutinous rice"): A crust with texture similar to that of a [mochi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochi "Mochi"). This is a [snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake"). These moon cakes are known [colloquially](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial "Colloquial") as "snowskin mooncakes", "ice-skin mooncakes" or "snowy mooncakes" (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅).[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-cnn-33) - Jelly: A crust made of gelling mixtures such as [agar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agar "Agar"), [gelatin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin "Gelatin"), or [konjac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konjac "Konjac") and flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings. ## Use in other countries and regions \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=13 "Edit section: Use in other countries and regions")\] ### East Asia \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=14 "Edit section: East Asia")\] #### Mongolia \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=15 "Edit section: Mongolia")\] Mooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling. #### Japan \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=16 "Edit section: Japan")\] Mooncakes in Japan are known as geppei (月餅), a transliteration of the Chinese name. Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's [Chinatowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown "Chinatown"). [Azuki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azuki "Azuki") (red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used. #### Taiwan \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=17 "Edit section: Taiwan")\] The most traditional mooncake found within [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan "Taiwan") resembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with [mochi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochi "Mochi") in the center. The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled [mung bean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean "Mung bean") (lu dou) or [taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro_cake "Taro cake") paste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-34) Modern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions. Popular modern flavors include [green tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_tea "Green tea"), chocolate, strawberry and [tiramisu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiramisu "Tiramisu"). ### Southeast Asia \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=18 "Edit section: Southeast Asia")\] #### Indonesia \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=19 "Edit section: Indonesia")\] In [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia "Indonesia"), there are several main types of mooncakes,\[[quantify](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers")\] from the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk, [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian"), [jackfruit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackfruit "Jackfruit") and many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season. As a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with [halal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal "Halal") ingredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or [peanut oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut_oil "Peanut oil")[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-35) and filled with [mung bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean_paste "Mung bean paste"). #### Malaysia \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=20 "Edit section: Malaysia")\] There are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes; [George Town](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Town,_Penang "George Town, Penang"), [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur") and [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah"). Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure [Hunan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan "Hunan") lotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-36) #### Singapore \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=21 "Edit section: Singapore")\] [![Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg/250px-Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg) Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore In [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore "Singapore"), mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes. Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts, [osmanthus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanthus "Osmanthus"), orange peel and melon seeds. Snowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes. Mooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US\$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends. #### Thailand \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=22 "Edit section: Thailand")\] In [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand "Thailand"), mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in [Thai-Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_Chinese "Thai Chinese") bakeries during festival season. In [Bangkok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok "Bangkok"), traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to [Chinatown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Bangkok "Chinatown, Bangkok") on [Yaowarat Road](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaowarat_Road "Yaowarat Road"), but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets. #### Vietnam \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=23 "Edit section: Vietnam")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG/250px-B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG) A box with bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg/250px-B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg) Vietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk In Vietnam, mooncakes are known as bánh trung thu[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-37) (literally "mid-autumn cake"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake: bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake). It can be said that bánh nướng and bánh dẻo are two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the [Tết Trung Thu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%BFt_Trung_Thu "Tết Trung Thu") season. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found. Vietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately. Bánh nướng (baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning. Bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than bánh nướng. The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However, bánh dẻo is not as popular as bánh nướng. ## Gallery \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=24 "Edit section: Gallery")\] - [![Baked moon cake from Vietnam](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG/250px-Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG "Baked moon cake from Vietnam") Baked moon cake from Vietnam - [![Commercial brand Mooncake](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg/250px-Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg "Commercial brand Mooncake") Commercial brand Mooncake - [![Mooncakes](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Moon_Cakes2.jpg/250px-Moon_Cakes2.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cakes2.jpg "Mooncakes") Mooncakes - [![Mooncakes in Chengdu](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg/250px-Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg "Mooncakes in Chengdu") Mooncakes in Chengdu ## See also \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=25 "Edit section: See also")\] - [Bakpia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakpia "Bakpia") (Hopia) - [Bánh pía](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa "Bánh pía") – Vietnamese pastry - [Crystal cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_cake "Crystal cake") – Chinese dessert - [List of Chinese desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_desserts "List of Chinese desserts") - [Lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") – Chinese dessert ingredient - [Nian gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nian_gao "Nian gao") – Chinese food - [Suncake (Taiwan)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suncake_$Taiwan$ "Suncake (Taiwan)") – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose - [Yueguangbing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yueguangbing "Yueguangbing") – Traditional Hakka mooncake ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=26 "Edit section: References")\] 1. 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[Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180831211710/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/2008377/8-best-tasting-mooncakes-hong-kong) from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018. 33. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_ref-cnn_33-0) Tiffany Lam; Virginia Lau (29 September 2009). ["The Mooncake Challenge"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121004020459/http://www.cnngo.com/hong-kong/eat/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006). CNN Go. Archived from [the original](http://www.cnngo.com/hong-kong/eat/hong-kong-mooncake-challenge-000006/) on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2012. 34. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_ref-34) ["Taiwanese Mooncake"](https://tecompanytea.com/products/taiwanese-mooncake). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220527065422/https://tecompanytea.com/products/taiwanese-mooncake) from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022. 35. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_ref-35) Media, Kompas Cyber (21 September 2021). ["Apakah Kue Bulan Tradisional Selalu Mengandung Minyak Babi?"](https://www.kompas.com/food/read/2020/10/02/212300475/apakah-kue-bulan-tradisional-selalu-mengandung-minyak-babi). Kompas.com. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091645/https://www.kompas.com/food/read/2020/10/02/212300475/apakah-kue-bulan-tradisional-selalu-mengandung-minyak-babi) from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 4 October 2024. 36. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_ref-36) ["Top 10 mooncakes for 2014"](http://ccfoodtravel.com/2014/08/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014/). Ccfoodtravel.com. 13 August 2014. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151001024114/http://ccfoodtravel.com/2014/08/top-10-mooncakes-for-2014/) from the original on 1 October 2015. 37. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_ref-37) ["Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake"](https://www.goexplorevietnam.com/vietnam-moon-cake/). November 2019. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201106155844/https://www.goexplorevietnam.com/vietnam-moon-cake/) from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2020. ## External links \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=27 "Edit section: External links")\] - [Chinatownology – Moon cakes and social solidarity](http://www.chinatownology.com/mooncakes.html) - [Origin and meaning of Vietnam mooncake](https://www.goexplorevietnam.com/vietnam-moon-cake/) - [What is Mooncake?](https://www.chinaeducationaltours.com/guide/mid-autumn-festival-mooncake.htm) \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cakes "Template:Cakes") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cakes "Template talk:Cakes") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes "Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes")[Cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake "Cake") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [List of cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cakes "List of cakes") \| \| \| [Butter cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butter_cake "Butter cake") \| [Babka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babka "Babka") [Banana bread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_bread "Banana bread") [Gâteau nantais](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_nantais "Gâteau nantais") [Gooey butter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gooey_butter_cake "Gooey butter cake") [Pound](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_cake "Pound cake") \| \| [Cheesecakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheesecake "Cheesecake") \| [Basque cheesecake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_cheesecake "Basque cheesecake") [Falculelle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falculelle "Falculelle") [Fiadone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiadone "Fiadone") [Japanese cheesecake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_cheesecake "Japanese cheesecake") [Ostkaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostkaka "Ostkaka") [Tu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu_$cake$ "Tu (cake)") [Ube cheesecake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ube_cheesecake "Ube cheesecake") \| \| Nut cakes \| [Brazil nut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_nut_cake "Brazil nut cake") [Castagnaccio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castagnaccio "Castagnaccio") [Chestnut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_cake "Chestnut cake") [Financier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financier_$cake$ "Financier (cake)") [Neccio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neccio "Neccio") [Pain de Gênes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_de_G%C3%AAnes "Pain de Gênes") \| \| [Chocolate cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate_cake "Chocolate cake") \| [Amandine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amandine_$dessert$ "Amandine (dessert)") [Bariloche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariloche_cake "Bariloche cake") [Batik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batik_cake "Batik cake") [Black Forest gateau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Forest_gateau "Black Forest gateau") [Blackout](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackout_cake "Blackout cake") [Chocolate brownie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate_brownie "Chocolate brownie") [Colin the Caterpillar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_the_Caterpillar "Colin the Caterpillar") [Flourless chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flourless_chocolate_cake "Flourless chocolate cake") [Garash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garash_cake "Garash cake") [German chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_chocolate_cake "German chocolate cake") [Hedgehog slice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedgehog_slice "Hedgehog slice") [Joffre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joffre_cake "Joffre cake") [Kladdkaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladdkaka "Kladdkaka") [Molten chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_chocolate_cake "Molten chocolate cake") [Red velvet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_velvet_cake "Red velvet cake") [Sachertorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sachertorte "Sachertorte") [Torta caprese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_caprese "Torta caprese") \| \| [Fruitcakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruitcake "Fruitcake") \| [Apple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_cake "Apple cake") [Banana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_cake "Banana cake") [Bánh chuối](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_chu%E1%BB%91i "Bánh chuối") [Black bun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bun "Black bun") [Bolo-rei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo-rei "Bolo-rei") [Cherry cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_cake#Cherry_cake "Pound cake") [Clementine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clementine_cake "Clementine cake") [Crema de fruta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crema_de_fruta "Crema de fruta") [Dundee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee_cake "Dundee cake") [Fig](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fig_cake "Fig cake") [Genoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoa_cake "Genoa cake") [Jewish apple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_apple_cake "Jewish apple cake") [Kornigou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornigou "Kornigou") [Mango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango_cake "Mango cake") [Mango float](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango_float "Mango float") [Panforte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panforte "Panforte") [Panpepato](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panpepato "Panpepato") [Plum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_cake "Plum cake") [Queen Elizabeth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_cake "Queen Elizabeth cake") [Raisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raisin_cake "Raisin cake") [Strawberry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry_cake "Strawberry cake") [Torta alla Monferrina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_alla_Monferrina "Torta alla Monferrina") \| \| [Layer cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layer_cake "Layer cake") \| [Angel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_cake "Angel cake") [Argentine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_cake "Argentine cake") [Berry chantilly cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berry_chantilly_cake "Berry chantilly cake") [Bolo fiado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo_fiado "Bolo fiado") [Buckwheat gateau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckwheat_gateau "Buckwheat gateau") [Cassata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassata "Cassata") [Coconut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut_cake "Coconut cake") [Devil's food](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s_food_cake "Devil's food cake") [Doberge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doberge_cake "Doberge cake") [Dobos torte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobos_torte "Dobos torte") [Esterházy torte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esterh%C3%A1zy_torte "Esterházy torte") [Flan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flan_cake "Flan cake") [Gâteau magique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_magique "Gâteau magique") [Lapis legit (spekkoek)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_legit "Lapis legit") [Liver cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_cake "Liver cake") [Maria Luisa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Luisa_cake "Maria Luisa cake") [Cremeschnitte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremeschnitte "Cremeschnitte") [Šampita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ampita "Šampita") [Tompouce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tompouce "Tompouce") [Marlenka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlenka "Marlenka") [Mikado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikado_cake "Mikado cake") [Princess](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_cake "Princess cake") [Prinzregententorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinzregententorte "Prinzregententorte") [Rainbow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_cookie "Rainbow cookie") [Rogel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogel_$cake$ "Rogel (cake)") [Sarawak layer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak_layer_cake "Sarawak layer cake") [Smith Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Island,_Maryland#Smith_Island_cake "Smith Island, Maryland") [Torta setteveli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_setteveli "Torta setteveli") [Torta Tre Monti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_Tre_Monti "Torta Tre Monti") [Torte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torte "Torte") [Vínarterta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADnarterta "Vínarterta") \| \| [Spit cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spit_cake "Spit cake") \| [Baumkuchen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumkuchen "Baumkuchen") [Kürtőskalács (Chimney cake)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs "Kürtőskalács") [Šakotis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0akotis "Šakotis") [Spettekaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spettekaka "Spettekaka") [Trdelník](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trdeln%C3%ADk "Trdelník") \| \| [Sponge cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge_cake "Sponge cake") \| [Bahulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahulu "Bahulu") [Bánh bò](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_b%C3%B2 "Bánh bò") [Battenberg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battenberg_cake "Battenberg cake") [Boston cream pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_cream_pie "Boston cream pie") [Brown sugar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_sugar_cake "Brown sugar cake") [Buko pandan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buko_pandan_cake "Buko pandan cake") [Castella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castella "Castella") [Charlotte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_$cake$ "Charlotte (cake)") [Coffee and walnut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_and_walnut_cake "Coffee and walnut cake") [Donauwelle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donauwelle "Donauwelle") [Fanta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanta_cake "Fanta cake") [Frankfurter Kranz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurter_Kranz "Frankfurter Kranz") [French Fancy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Fancy "French Fancy") [Frog](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog_cake "Frog cake") [Génoise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoise "Genoise") [Hot milk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_milk_cake "Hot milk cake") [Hummingbird](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummingbird_cake "Hummingbird cake") [Lady Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Baltimore_cake "Lady Baltimore cake") [Ladyfinger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladyfinger_$biscuit$ "Ladyfinger (biscuit)") [Lamington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamington "Lamington") [Madeira](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeira_cake "Madeira cake") [Madeleine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeleine_$cake$ "Madeleine (cake)") [Mantecada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantecada "Mantecada") [Marry girl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marry_girl_cake "Marry girl cake") [Misérable](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis%C3%A9rable_cake "Misérable cake") [Opera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_cake "Opera cake") [Pandan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandan_cake "Pandan cake") [Paper wrapped](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_wrapped_cake "Paper wrapped cake") [Pionono](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pionono "Pionono") [Rum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rum_cake "Rum cake") [Shortcake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcake "Shortcake") [Spice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice_cake "Spice cake") [Tres leches](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tres_leches_cake "Tres leches cake") [Victoria sponge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge_cake#Victoria_sponge "Sponge cake") \| \| [Foam cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam_cake "Foam cake") and [meringue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meringue "Meringue") \| [Angel food](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_food_cake "Angel food cake") [Brazo de Mercedes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazo_de_Mercedes "Brazo de Mercedes") [Chiffon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiffon_cake "Chiffon cake") [Dacquoise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacquoise "Dacquoise") [Kyiv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyiv_cake "Kyiv cake") [Mamón](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam%C3%B3n "Mamón") [Mango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango_cake "Mango cake") [Pavlova](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavlova_$cake$ "Pavlova (cake)") [Sans rival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans_rival "Sans rival") [Spanische Windtorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanische_Windtorte "Spanische Windtorte") [Ube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ube_cake "Ube cake") [Yema](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yema_cake "Yema cake") [Zuger Kirschtorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuger_Kirschtorte "Zuger Kirschtorte") \| \| Yeast cakes \| [Banbury](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banbury_cake "Banbury cake") [Berlingozzo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlingozzo "Berlingozzo") [Bienenstich](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bienenstich "Bienenstich") [Breudher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breudher "Breudher") [Cacavellu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cacavellu "Cacavellu") [Campanile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campanile_$cake$ "Campanile (cake)") [Canestru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canestru "Canestru") [Chorley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorley_cake "Chorley cake") [Cozonac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cozonac "Cozonac") [Date and walnut loaf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_and_walnut_loaf "Date and walnut loaf") [Easter bread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_bread "Easter bread") [Gugelhupf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugelhupf "Gugelhupf") [Inuliata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuliata "Inuliata") [Portuguese sweet bread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_sweet_bread "Portuguese sweet bread") [Pandoro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandoro "Pandoro") [Rum baba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rum_baba "Rum baba") [Streuselkuchen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streuselkuchen "Streuselkuchen") \| \| Special occasions \| [Birthday](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_cake "Birthday cake") [Buccellato](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buccellato "Buccellato") [Christmas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_cake "Christmas cake") [Bûche de Noël](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yule_log_$cake$ "Yule log (cake)") [Pan de Pascua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_de_Pascua "Pan de Pascua") [Groom's](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groom%27s_cake "Groom's cake") [Halloween](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloween_cake "Halloween cake") [King](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_cake "King cake") [Rosca de reyes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosca_de_reyes "Rosca de reyes") [Kransekake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kransekake "Kransekake") [Lekach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lekach "Lekach") [Love](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_cake "Love cake") [Marry girl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marry_girl_cake "Marry girl cake") [Mooncake]() [Snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake") [Pască](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasc%C4%83 "Pască") [Pop out](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop_out_cake "Pop out cake") [Simnel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simnel_cake "Simnel cake") [Soul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul_cake "Soul cake") [Stack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_cake "Stack cake") [Stollen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stollen "Stollen") [Strenna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strenna_$cake$ "Strenna (cake)") [Wedding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_cake "Wedding cake") \| \| By shape \| [Bundt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundt_cake "Bundt cake") [Cake balls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake_balls "Cake balls") [Cake pop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake_pop "Cake pop") [Cupcake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupcake "Cupcake") [Petit four](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petit_four "Petit four") [Swiss roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_roll "Swiss roll") [Upside-down](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upside-down_cake "Upside-down cake") \| \| Other \| [Basbousa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basbousa "Basbousa") [Beer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_cake "Beer cake") [Better than sex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Better_than_sex_cake "Better than sex cake") [Bizcocho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizcocho "Bizcocho") [Bulla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulla_cake "Bulla cake") [Carrot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrot_cake "Carrot cake") [Coffee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_cake_$American$ "Coffee cake (American)") [Fruit slice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_slice "Fruit slice") [Gingerbread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerbread "Gingerbread") [house](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerbread_house "Gingerbread house") [man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerbread_man "Gingerbread man") [Heavy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_cake "Heavy cake") [Ice cream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream_cake "Ice cream cake") [Ispanaklı kek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispanakl%C4%B1_kek "Ispanaklı kek") [Kue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue "Kue") [Kuih](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuih "Kuih") [Lolly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lolly_cake "Lolly cake") [Louise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_cake "Louise cake") [Mané pelado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C3%A9_pelado "Mané pelado") [Marble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble_cake "Marble cake") [Nonnette](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonnette_$dessert$ "Nonnette (dessert)") [Ontbijtkoek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontbijtkoek "Ontbijtkoek") [Pain d'épices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_d%27%C3%A9pices "Pain d'épices") [Pancake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancake "Pancake") [Parkin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkin_$cake$ "Parkin (cake)") [Parrozzo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrozzo "Parrozzo") [Poke](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poke_cake "Poke cake") [Punschkrapfen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punschkrapfen "Punschkrapfen") [Rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_cake "Rice cake") [Ruske kape](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruske_kape "Ruske kape") [Snack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snack_cake "Snack cake") [Soufflé](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9 "Soufflé") [Sugee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugee_cake "Sugee cake") [Sweetheart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetheart_cake "Sweetheart cake") [Teacake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teacake "Teacake") [Tiramisu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiramisu "Tiramisu") [Watergate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_cake "Watergate cake") [Welsh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_cake "Welsh cake") \| \| [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/20px-Foodlogo2.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg) [Food portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Food "Portal:Food") ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cakes "Category:Cakes") \| \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cantonese_cuisine "Template:Cantonese cuisine") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cantonese_cuisine "Template talk:Cantonese cuisine") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cantonese_cuisine "Special:EditPage/Template:Cantonese cuisine")[Cantonese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| Main dishes \| [Bao yu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bao_yu "Bao yu") [Bird's nest soup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird%27s_nest_soup "Bird's nest soup") [Buddha's delight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddha%27s_delight "Buddha's delight") [Cantonese seafood soup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_seafood_soup "Cantonese seafood soup") [Chinese steamed eggs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_steamed_eggs "Chinese steamed eggs") [Congee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congee "Congee") [Crispy fried chicken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crispy_fried_chicken "Crispy fried chicken") [Dragon tiger phoenix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_tiger_phoenix "Dragon tiger phoenix") [Egg foo young](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_foo_young "Egg foo young") [Eight treasure duck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_treasure_duck "Eight treasure duck") [Eight treasure rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_treasure_rice "Eight treasure rice") [Hot pot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pot "Hot pot") [Lemon chicken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemon_chicken "Lemon chicken") [Pork knuckles and ginger stew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pork_knuckles_and_ginger_stew "Pork knuckles and ginger stew") [Seafood birdsnest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seafood_birdsnest "Seafood birdsnest") [Shark fin soup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_fin_soup "Shark fin soup") Snake bite chicken [Soy sauce chicken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_sauce_chicken "Soy sauce chicken") [Steam minced pork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_minced_pork "Steam minced pork") [Subgum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subgum "Subgum") [Suckling pig](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suckling_pig "Suckling pig") [Sweet and sour pork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_and_sour_pork "Sweet and sour pork") [White boiled shrimp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_boiled_shrimp "White boiled shrimp") [White cut chicken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_cut_chicken "White cut chicken") [Wonton noodles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonton_noodles "Wonton noodles") [Yangzhou fried rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangzhou_fried_rice "Yangzhou fried rice") \| \| [Dim sum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dim_sum "Dim sum") and [yum cha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yum_cha "Yum cha") \| [Almond tofu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almond_tofu "Almond tofu") [Beef tripe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripe "Tripe") [Cha siu bao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cha_siu_bao "Cha siu bao") [Chicken feet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_feet "Chicken feet") [Coconut bar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut_bar "Coconut bar") [Har gow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Har_gow "Har gow") [Jian dui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian_dui "Jian dui") [Jiaozi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiaozi "Jiaozi") [Lo mai gai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo_mai_gai "Lo mai gai") [Lotus seed bun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_bun "Lotus seed bun") [Nian gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nian_gao "Nian gao") [Ox-tongue pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ox-tongue_pastry "Ox-tongue pastry") [Rice noodle roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_noodle_roll "Rice noodle roll") [Shumai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shumai "Shumai") [Spring roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_roll "Spring roll") [Steamed meatball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamed_meatball "Steamed meatball") [Swiss wing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_wing "Swiss wing") [Taro cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro_cake "Taro cake") [Taro dumpling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro_dumpling "Taro dumpling") [Tendon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendon_as_food "Tendon as food") [Tofu skin roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofu_skin_roll "Tofu skin roll") [Turnip cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnip_cake "Turnip cake") [Water chestnut cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chestnut_cake "Water chestnut cake") [Yau gok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yau_gok "Yau gok") [Youtiao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtiao "Youtiao") [Zhaliang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhaliang "Zhaliang") \| \| [Siu laap](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine#Siu_laap "Cantonese cuisine") \| [Char siu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Char_siu "Char siu") [Chinese sausage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_sausage "Chinese sausage") [Lou mei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_mei "Lou mei") [Orange cuttlefish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_cuttlefish "Orange cuttlefish") [Roast goose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roast_goose "Roast goose") [Siu mei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siu_mei "Siu mei") [Siu yuk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siu_yuk "Siu yuk") [White cut chicken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_cut_chicken "White cut chicken") \| \| Desserts and [pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_bakery_products "List of Chinese bakery products") \| [Almond biscuit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_almond_biscuit "Chinese almond biscuit") [Biscuit roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscuit_roll "Biscuit roll") [Deuk Deuk Tong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuk_Deuk_Tong "Deuk Deuk Tong") [Douhua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douhua "Douhua") [Ginger milk curd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger_milk_curd "Ginger milk curd") [Lo mai chi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo_mai_chi "Lo mai chi") [Malay sponge cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_sponge_cake "Malay sponge cake") [Mooncake]() [Red bean cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_cake "Red bean cake") [Red bean soup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_soup "Red bean soup") [Sausage bun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage_bun "Sausage bun") [Snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake") [Tang bu shuai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_bu_shuai "Tang bu shuai") [Tong sui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tong_sui "Tong sui") [White sugar sponge cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_sugar_sponge_cake "White sugar sponge cake") \| \| Condiments and spices \| [Fermented bean curd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermented_bean_curd "Fermented bean curd") [Five-spice powder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-spice_powder "Five-spice powder") [XO sauce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XO_sauce "XO sauce") \| \| Ingredients \| [Beef ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef_ball "Beef ball") [Black bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bean_paste "Black bean paste") [Chenpi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenpi "Chenpi") [Conpoy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conpoy "Conpoy") [Fermented black beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douchi "Douchi") [Fish ball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_ball "Fish ball") [Fishcake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishcake "Fishcake") [Frog legs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog_legs "Frog legs") [Garland chrysanthemum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glebionis_coronaria "Glebionis coronaria") [Kai-lan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gai_lan "Gai lan") [Mantis shrimp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantis_shrimp "Mantis shrimp") [Ong choy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ong_choy "Ong choy") [Pig blood curd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig_blood_curd "Pig blood curd") [Pig's ear](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig%27s_ear_$food$ "Pig's ear (food)") [Rapeseed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapeseed "Rapeseed") [Saang mein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saang_mein "Saang mein") [Sea cucumbers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cucumbers_as_food "Sea cucumbers as food") [Shahe fen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahe_fen "Shahe fen") [Shrimp roe noodles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrimp_roe_noodles "Shrimp roe noodles") [Spare ribs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spare_ribs "Spare ribs") [Suan cai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suan_cai "Suan cai") [Tofu skin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofu_skin "Tofu skin") [Wonton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonton "Wonton") [Yi mein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi_mein "Yi mein") [Youmian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youmian "Youmian") [Zha cai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zha_cai "Zha cai") \| \| Others \| [Chinese herb tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_herb_tea "Chinese herb tea") [Dried shredded squid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dried_shredded_squid "Dried shredded squid") [Lou fo tong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_fo_tong "Lou fo tong") \| \| [Cantonese restaurant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_restaurant "Cantonese restaurant") [Beijing cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_cuisine "Beijing cuisine") [Shanghai cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine "Shanghai cuisine") [Hong Kong cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine "Hong Kong cuisine") [Macanese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macanese_cuisine "Macanese cuisine") [Chinese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_cuisine "Chinese cuisine") [History of Chinese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine "History of Chinese cuisine") \| \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Pastries "Template:Pastries") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Pastries "Template talk:Pastries") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pastries "Special:EditPage/Template:Pastries")[Pastries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry "Pastry") [list](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pastries "List of pastries") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| Types \| [Chinese flaky pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_flaky_pastry "Chinese flaky pastry") [Choux pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choux_pastry "Choux pastry") [Filo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filo "Filo") [Flaky pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaky_pastry "Flaky pastry") [Hot water crust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_water_crust_pastry "Hot water crust pastry") [Pan dulce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_dulce "Pan dulce") [Puff pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff_pastry "Puff pastry") [Shortcrust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcrust_pastry "Shortcrust pastry") \| \| [Choux pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choux_pastry "Choux pastry") \| [Beignet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beignet "Beignet") [Bossche bol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bossche_bol "Bossche bol") [Chouquette](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chouquette_$pastry$ "Chouquette (pastry)") [Croquembouche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croquembouche "Croquembouche") [Éclair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89clair "Éclair") [Gougère](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re "Gougère") [Karpatka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpatka "Karpatka") [Lady's navel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady%27s_navel "Lady's navel") [Moorkop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorkop "Moorkop") [Nun's puffs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs "Nun's puffs") [Paris–Brest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest "Paris–Brest") [Pommes dauphine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pommes_dauphine "Pommes dauphine") [Profiterole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole "Profiterole") [Religieuse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religieuse "Religieuse") [St. Honoré cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake "St. Honoré cake") \| \| [Puff pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff_pastry "Puff pastry") \| [Beef Wellington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef_Wellington "Beef Wellington") [Cheese straw](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese_straw "Cheese straw") [Croline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croline "Croline") [Croissant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant "Croissant") [Galette des rois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galette_des_rois#France "Galette des rois") [Jambon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jambon "Jambon") [Miguelitos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguelitos "Miguelitos") [Mille-feuille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mille-feuille "Mille-feuille") [Palmier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmier "Palmier") [Pastel de nata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastel_de_nata "Pastel de nata") [Pithivier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pithivier "Pithivier") [Sausage roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage_roll "Sausage roll") [Steak and kidney pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steak_and_kidney_pie "Steak and kidney pie") [Strudel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strudel "Strudel") [Tarte conversation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarte_conversation "Tarte conversation") [Tarte Tatin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarte_Tatin "Tarte Tatin") [Cream tubes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_tubes "Cream tubes") [Turnovers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnover_$food$ "Turnover (food)") \| \| Poppy seed \| [Chatti pathiri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatti_pathiri "Chatti pathiri") [Flódni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%B3dni "Flódni") [Hamantash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamantash "Hamantash") [Kifli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kifli "Kifli") [Kolach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolach_$cake$ "Kolach (cake)") [Kūčiukai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%AB%C4%8Diukai "Kūčiukai") [Međimurska gibanica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91imurska_gibanica "Međimurska gibanica") [Nunt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunt "Nunt") [Nut roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nut_roll "Nut roll") [Poppy seed roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll "Poppy seed roll") [Prekmurska gibanica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica "Prekmurska gibanica") [Rugelach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugelach "Rugelach") [St. Martin's croissant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Martin%27s_croissant "St. Martin's croissant") \| \| Other \| [Alexandertorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandertorte "Alexandertorte") [Allerheiligenstriezel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allerheiligenstriezel "Allerheiligenstriezel") [Apple strudel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_strudel "Apple strudel") [Azerbaijani pakhlava](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_pakhlava "Azerbaijani pakhlava") [Bakewell pudding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakewell_pudding "Bakewell pudding") [Banket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banket_$food$ "Banket (food)") [Baklava](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baklava "Baklava") [Bánh pía](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa "Bánh pía") [Banitsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banitsa "Banitsa") [Bear claw](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear_claw "Bear claw") [Belokranjska povitica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belokranjska_povitica "Belokranjska povitica") [Bethmännchen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethm%C3%A4nnchen "Bethmännchen") [Bierock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bierock "Bierock") [Bizcocho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizcocho "Bizcocho") [Boyoz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyoz "Boyoz") [Bruttiboni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruttiboni "Bruttiboni") [Bulemas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulemas "Bulemas") [Bundevara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundevara "Bundevara") [Chorley cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorley_cake "Chorley cake") [Coca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coca_$pastry$ "Coca (pastry)") [Coulibiac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulibiac "Coulibiac") [Cream horn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_horn "Cream horn") [Cream tubes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_tubes "Cream tubes") [Cremeschnitte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremeschnitte "Cremeschnitte") [Croline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croline "Croline") [Cronut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronut "Cronut") [Cruller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruller "Cruller") [Cuban pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_pastry "Cuban pastry") [Curry beef turnover](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry_beef_turnover "Curry beef turnover") [Curry puff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry_puff "Curry puff") [Dabby-Doughs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabby-Doughs "Dabby-Doughs") [Dutch letter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_letter "Dutch letter") [Eccles cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccles_cake "Eccles cake") [Empanada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empanada "Empanada") [Ensaïmada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada "Ensaïmada") [Fa gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa_gao "Fa gao") [Fazuelos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazuelos "Fazuelos") [Fig roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fig_roll "Fig roll") [Fish patty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_patty "Fish patty") [Fish-shaped pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish-shaped_pastry "Fish-shaped pastry") [Flaó](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fla%C3%B3 "Flaó") [Flia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flia "Flia") [Franzbrötchen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franzbr%C3%B6tchen "Franzbrötchen") [Fruit slice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_slice "Fruit slice") [Gâteau Basque](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_Basque "Gâteau Basque") [Gibanica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibanica "Gibanica") [Gözleme](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6zleme "Gözleme") [Gundain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gundain "Gundain") [Gustavus Adolphus pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_pastry "Gustavus Adolphus pastry") [Haddekuche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haddekuche "Haddekuche") [Haitian patty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_patty "Haitian patty") [Hellimli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellimli "Hellimli") [Heong Peng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heong_Peng "Heong Peng") [Huff paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huff_paste "Huff paste") [Hwangnam-ppang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hwangnam-ppang "Hwangnam-ppang") [Jachnun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jachnun "Jachnun") [Khachapuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachapuri "Khachapuri") [Knafeh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knafeh "Knafeh") [Kitchener bun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitchener_bun "Kitchener bun") [Klobásník](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klob%C3%A1sn%C3%ADk "Klobásník") [Knieküchle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kniek%C3%BCchle "Knieküchle") [Kolach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolach_$cake$ "Kolach (cake)") [Kroštule](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kro%C5%A1tule "Kroštule") [Kürtőskalács](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs "Kürtőskalács") [Lattice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice_$pastry$ "Lattice (pastry)") [Leipziger Lerche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipziger_Lerche "Leipziger Lerche") [London Cheesecake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Cheesecake "London Cheesecake") [Lukhmi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukhmi "Lukhmi") [Ma'amoul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%27amoul "Ma'amoul") [Mandelkubb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelkubb "Mandelkubb") [Mantecada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantecada "Mantecada") [Marillenknödel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marillenkn%C3%B6del "Marillenknödel") [Mekitsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekitsa "Mekitsa") [Miguelitos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguelitos "Miguelitos") [Milhojas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milhojas "Milhojas") [Milk-cream strudel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk-cream_strudel "Milk-cream strudel") [Mille-feuille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mille-feuille "Mille-feuille") [Moorkop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorkop "Moorkop") [Napoleonka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonka "Napoleonka") [Nokul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokul "Nokul") [Öçpoçmaq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96%C3%A7po%C3%A7maq "Öçpoçmaq") [Pain à la grecque](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_%C3%A0_la_grecque "Pain à la grecque") [Pan dulce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_dulce "Pan dulce") [Pastel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastel_$food$ "Pastel (food)") [Pastizz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastizz "Pastizz") [Pastry heart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_heart "Pastry heart") [Pasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasty "Pasty") [Pâté chaud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_chaud "Pâté chaud") [Peremech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peremech "Peremech") [Pirog](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirog "Pirog") [Pirozhki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirozhki "Pirozhki") [Plăcintă](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83 "Plăcintă") [Pop-Tarts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop-Tarts "Pop-Tarts") [Prekmurska gibanica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekmurska_gibanica "Prekmurska gibanica") [Profiterole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiterole "Profiterole") [Punsch-roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punsch-roll "Punsch-roll") [Punschkrapfen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punschkrapfen "Punschkrapfen") [Quesito](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quesito "Quesito") [Remonce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remonce "Remonce") [Roscón](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosc%C3%B3n "Roscón") [Roti tissue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roti_tissue "Roti tissue") [Roze koek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roze_koek "Roze koek") [Runeberg torte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runeberg_torte "Runeberg torte") [Runza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runza "Runza") [Sad cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sad_cake "Sad cake") [Schaumrolle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaumrolle "Schaumrolle") [Schnecken](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnecken "Schnecken") [Schneeball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schneeball_$pastry$ "Schneeball (pastry)") [Schuxen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schuxen "Schuxen") [Şöbiyet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6biyet "Şöbiyet") [Sou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sou_$pastry$ "Sou (pastry)") [Spritzkuchen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spritzkuchen "Spritzkuchen") [Streusel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streusel "Streusel") [Strudel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strudel "Strudel") [Stutenkerl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stutenkerl "Stutenkerl") [Sweetheart cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetheart_cake "Sweetheart cake") [Tahini roll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahini_roll "Tahini roll") [Toast'em Pop Ups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toast%27em_Pop_Ups "Toast'em Pop Ups") [Toaster pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toaster_pastry "Toaster pastry") [Toaster Strudel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toaster_Strudel "Toaster Strudel") [Tompouce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tompouce "Tompouce") [Tortita negra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortita_negra "Tortita negra") [Tu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu_$cake$ "Tu (cake)") [Turnover](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnover_$food$ "Turnover (food)") [Uštipci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C5%A1tipci "Uštipci") [Vatrushka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatrushka "Vatrushka") [Veka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veka_$pastry$ "Veka (pastry)") [Vetkoek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetkoek "Vetkoek") [Yurla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yurla_$dish$ "Yurla (dish)") [Zeeuwse bolus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeuwse_bolus "Zeeuwse bolus") [Žemlovka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDemlovka "Žemlovka") \| \| By country \| \| \| \| \| \| Armenian \| [Gata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gata_$food$ "Gata (food)") [Mikado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikado_cake "Mikado cake") [Nazook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazook "Nazook") \| \| Chinese \| [Chasan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasan_$pastry$ "Chasan (pastry)") [Jiucai hezi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiucai_hezi "Jiucai hezi") [Masan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masan_$pastry$ "Masan (pastry)") [Sachima](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sachima "Sachima") \| \| Filipino \| [Biscocho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscocho "Biscocho") [Buko pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buko_pie "Buko pie") [Caycay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caycay "Caycay") [Daral (food)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daral_$food$ "Daral (food)") [Dinamita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamita "Dinamita") [Egg pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_pie "Egg pie") [Empanada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empanada#Philippines "Empanada") (Pastil) [Ensaïmada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensa%C3%AFmada "Ensaïmada") [Hopia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakpia "Bakpia") [Lumpia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumpia "Lumpia") [Napoleones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mille-feuille "Mille-feuille") [Ngohiong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngohiong "Ngohiong") [Ohaldre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohaldre "Ohaldre") [Otap](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otap_$food$ "Otap (food)") [Piaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaya_$food$ "Piaya (food)") [Pilipit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilipit "Pilipit") [Shakoy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakoy "Shakoy") [Turon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turon_$food$ "Turon (food)") \| \| French \| [Angel wings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angel_wings "Angel wings") [Beignet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beignet "Beignet") [Bichon au citron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bichon_au_citron "Bichon au citron") [Biscuit rose de Reims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscuit_rose_de_Reims "Biscuit rose de Reims") [Broyé poitevin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broy%C3%A9_poitevin "Broyé poitevin") [Canelé](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canel%C3%A9 "Canelé") [Chouquette](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chouquette "Chouquette") [Choux pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choux_pastry "Choux pastry") [Conversation tart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversation_tart "Conversation tart") [Coussin de Lyon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coussin_de_Lyon "Coussin de Lyon") [Croissant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant "Croissant") [Croquembouche](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croquembouche "Croquembouche") [Croustade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croustade "Croustade") [Éclair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89clair "Éclair") [Financier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financier_$cake$ "Financier (cake)") [Gougère](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goug%C3%A8re "Gougère") [Jésuite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9suite "Jésuite") [Ladyfinger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladyfinger_$biscuit$ "Ladyfinger (biscuit)") [Macaron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaron "Macaron") [Madeleine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madeleine_$cake$ "Madeleine (cake)") [Nun's puffs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nun%27s_puffs "Nun's puffs") [Pain au chocolat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_au_chocolat "Pain au chocolat") [Pain aux raisins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_aux_raisins "Pain aux raisins") [Palmier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmier "Palmier") [Paris–Brest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Brest "Paris–Brest") [Puits d'amour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puits_d%27amour "Puits d'amour") [Religieuse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religieuse "Religieuse") [St. Honoré cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Honor%C3%A9_cake "St. Honoré cake") [Tuile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuile "Tuile") [Viennoiserie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viennoiserie "Viennoiserie") [Vol-au-vent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vol-au-vent "Vol-au-vent") \| \| Greek \| [Amygdalopita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdalopita "Amygdalopita") [Bougatsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bougatsa "Bougatsa") [Fanouropita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanouropita "Fanouropita") [Filo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filo "Filo") [Galaktoboureko](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktoboureko "Galaktoboureko") [Karydopita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karydopita "Karydopita") [Koulourakia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koulourakia "Koulourakia") [Moustalevria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moustalevria "Moustalevria") [Pastafrola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastafrola "Pastafrola") \| \| Indonesian \| [Bahulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahulu "Bahulu") [Bakpia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakpia "Bakpia") [Bakpia pathok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakpia_pathok "Bakpia pathok") [Curry puff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry_puff "Curry puff") [Makmur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kue_makmur "Kue makmur") [Milk pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_pie "Milk pie") [Pie tee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pie_tee "Pie tee") [Roti john](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roti_john "Roti john") [Roti tissue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roti_tissue "Roti tissue") \| \| Iranian \| [Gosh-e fil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosh-e_fil "Gosh-e fil") [Kolompeh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolompeh "Kolompeh") [Koloocheh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloocheh "Koloocheh") [Komaj sehen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komaj_sehen "Komaj sehen") [Qottab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qottab "Qottab") [Sohan asali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sohan_asali "Sohan asali") \| \| Italian \| [Baicoli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baicoli "Baicoli") [Biscotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscotti "Biscotti") [Biscotti di San Martino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscotti_di_San_Martino "Biscotti di San Martino") [Biscotti regina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscotti_regina "Biscotti regina") [Bocconotto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocconotto "Bocconotto") [Bombolone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombolone "Bombolone") [Cannoli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannoli "Cannoli") [Ciarduna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciarduna "Ciarduna") [Cornetto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornetto_$pastry$ "Cornetto (pastry)") [Crocetta di Caltanissetta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocetta_di_Caltanissetta "Crocetta di Caltanissetta") [Frittole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frittella_$doughnut$ "Frittella (doughnut)") [Ladyfinger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladyfinger_$biscuit$ "Ladyfinger (biscuit)") [Ossa di morto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossa_di_morto "Ossa di morto") [Pandoro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandoro "Pandoro") [Pasticciotto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasticciotto "Pasticciotto") [Pevarini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pevarini "Pevarini") [Pignolata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pignolata "Pignolata") [Pignolo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pignolo_$cookie$ "Pignolo (cookie)") [Pizzelle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizzelle "Pizzelle") [Raviola di ricotta nissena](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raviola_di_ricotta_nissena "Raviola di ricotta nissena") [Rollò](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll%C3%B2 "Rollò") [Sfogliatella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sfogliatella "Sfogliatella") [Spina Santa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spina_Santa "Spina Santa") [Struffoli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struffoli "Struffoli") [Torta caprese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torta_caprese "Torta caprese") [Zeppola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeppola "Zeppola") [Zippula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zippula "Zippula") \| \| Maghrebi \| [Makroudh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makroudh "Makroudh") [Malsouka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malsouka "Malsouka") [Mouna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouna "Mouna") [Briouat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briouat "Briouat") \| \| Romanian \| [Cornulețe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornule%C8%9Be "Cornulețe") [Gogoși](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gogo%C8%99i "Gogoși") [Papanași](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papana%C8%99i "Papanași") [Plăcintă](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%83cint%C4%83 "Plăcintă") [Sfințișori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sfin%C8%9Bi%C8%99ori "Sfințișori") \| \| Scandinavian \| [Butterkaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterkaka "Butterkaka") [Danish pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_pastry "Danish pastry") [Joulutorttu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joulutorttu "Joulutorttu") [Klenät](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klen%C3%A4t "Klenät") [Kringle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kringle "Kringle") [Rosettes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosette_$cookie$ "Rosette (cookie)") [Semla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semla "Semla") \| \| Swiss \| [Birnbrot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birnbrot "Birnbrot") [Blue cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_cake "Blue cake") [Bündner Nusstorte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCndner_Nusstorte "Bündner Nusstorte") [Carac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carac_$pastry$ "Carac (pastry)") [Cholera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_$food$ "Cholera (food)") [Schenkele](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenkele "Schenkele") [Spanisch Brötli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanisch_Br%C3%B6tli "Spanisch Brötli") \| \| Taiwanese \| [Communist bandit pastries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_bandit_pastries "Communist bandit pastries") [Egg yolk pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolk_pastry "Egg yolk pastry") [Lek-tau-phong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lek-tau-phong "Lek-tau-phong") [Pineapple cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple_cake "Pineapple cake") [Naiyou subing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiyou_subing "Naiyou subing") [Suncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suncake_$Taiwan$ "Suncake (Taiwan)") [Taro pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro_pastry "Taro pastry") \| \| Turkish \| [Bülbül yuvası](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BClb%C3%BCl_yuvas%C4%B1 "Bülbül yuvası") [Güllaç](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BClla%C3%A7 "Güllaç") [Kalburabastı](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalburabast%C4%B1 "Kalburabastı") [Lady's navel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady%27s_navel "Lady's navel") [Qurabiya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qurabiya "Qurabiya") [Saray helva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saray_helva "Saray helva") [Şekerpare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eekerpare "Şekerpare") [Sütlü Nuriye](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCtl%C3%BC_Nuriye "Sütlü Nuriye") [Cream tubes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_tubes "Cream tubes") \| \| Related topics \| [Confectionery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confectionery "Confectionery") [Crust](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crust_$baking$ "Crust (baking)") [Custard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Custard "Custard") [Doughnut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doughnut "Doughnut") [Konditorei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konditorei "Konditorei") [Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuo_Yuan_Ye_Museum_of_Cake_and_Pastry "Kuo Yuan Ye Museum of Cake and Pastry") [List of cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cakes "List of cakes") [List of choux pastry dishes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_choux_pastry_dishes "List of choux pastry dishes") [List of desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_desserts "List of desserts") [List of fried dough foods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fried_dough_foods "List of fried dough foods") [List of pies, tarts and flans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pies,_tarts_and_flans "List of pies, tarts and flans") [List of poppy seed pastries and dishes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_poppy_seed_pastries_and_dishes "List of poppy seed pastries and dishes") [Pastry bag](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_bag "Pastry bag") [Pastry blender](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_blender "Pastry blender") [Pastry brush](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_brush "Pastry brush") [Pastry chef](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_chef "Pastry chef") [Pastry fork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry_fork "Pastry fork") [Pâtisserie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A2tisserie "Pâtisserie") [World Pastry Cup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Pastry_Cup "World Pastry Cup") \| \| ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pastries "Category:Pastries") \| \| [Portals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals "Wikipedia:Contents/Portals"): - [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg) [Food](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Food "Portal:Food") - ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:China "Portal:China") - ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png) [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Taiwan "Portal:Taiwan") ![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1) Retrieved from "<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&oldid=1342722272>" [Categories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"): - [Mid-Autumn Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Mid-Autumn_Festival "Category:Mid-Autumn Festival") - [Autumn traditions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Autumn_traditions "Category:Autumn traditions") - [Cakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cakes "Category:Cakes") - [Chinese confectionery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chinese_confectionery "Category:Chinese confectionery") - [Chinese desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chinese_desserts "Category:Chinese desserts") - [Chinese egg dishes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chinese_egg_dishes "Category:Chinese egg dishes") - [Chinese pastries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chinese_pastries "Category:Chinese 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Readable Markdown	For the American chocolate-marshmallow confection, see [Moon pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_pie "Moon pie"). \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![Mooncake](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Mooncake_3-4%2C_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_3-4,_lotus_seed_paste.jpg "Mooncake")A Cantonese mooncake filled with lotus seed paste \| \| \| Type \| [Pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastry "Pastry") \| \| Course \| Dessert \| \| Place of origin \| [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China "China") \| \| Region or state \| [East Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia "East Asia") and [Southeast Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia "Southeast Asia") \| \| Main ingredients \| Crust: [lard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lard "Lard") or [vegetable oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oil "Vegetable oil") Filling: [red bean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste") or [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste"), salted [egg yolk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolk "Egg yolk"), may or may not have additional ingredients \| \| [Food energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_energy "Food energy") (per 100 [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram "Gram") serving) \| 416 [kcal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie "Calorie") (1,740 [kJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilojoule "Kilojoule")) (approximately) \| \| Chinese name \| \| \| [Traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters") \| [月餅](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "wikt:月餅") \| \| [Simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters") \| [月饼](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "wikt:月饼") \| \| [Hanyu Pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin "Hanyu Pinyin") \| yuèbing, yuèbǐng \| \| Literal meaning \| Moon cake/biscuit \| \| Transcriptions \| \| \| [Standard Mandarin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese "Standard Chinese") \| \| \| [Hanyu Pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin "Hanyu Pinyin") \| yuèbing, yuèbǐng \| \| [Wade–Giles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles "Wade–Giles") \| yüeh-ping \| \| [IPA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin "Help:IPA/Mandarin") \| [\[ɥêpìŋ\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin "Help:IPA/Mandarin") \| \| [Wu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese "Wu Chinese") \| \| \| [Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese "Romanization of Wu Chinese") \| gniuq8\-pin5 [\[ɲyɪʔ piɲ\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Wu_Chinese "Help:IPA/Wu Chinese") \| \| [Suzhounese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhounese "Suzhounese") \| ngeq8\-pin3 \[ŋəʔ²² pin⁵¹\] \| \| [Gan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gan_Chinese "Gan Chinese") \| \| \| Romanization \| Ngiet7 biang3 \| \| [Hakka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_Chinese "Hakka Chinese") \| \| \| [Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka "Guangdong Romanization") \| Ngat biang \| \| [Yue: Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") \| \| \| [Yale Romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese "Yale romanization of Cantonese") \| yuht béng \| \| [Jyutping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping "Jyutping") \| jyut6 beng2 \| \| [Southern Min](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min "Southern Min") \| \| \| [Hokkien](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien "Hokkien") [POJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB "Pe̍h-ōe-jī") \| go̍eh-piáⁿ \| \| Vietnamese name \| \| \| [Vietnamese alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_alphabet "Vietnamese alphabet") \| bánh Trung thu \| \| [Chữ Nôm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m "Chữ Nôm") \| 餅中秋 \| \| Khmer name \| \| \| [Khmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_language "Khmer language") \| នំព្រះច័ន្ទ \| \| [![Wikimedia Commons logo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg) [Media: Mooncake](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mooncakes "commons:Category:Mooncakes") \| \| A mooncake ([simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): [月饼](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A5%BC "wikt:月饼"); [traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters"): [月餅](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A4%85 "wikt:月餅")) is a [Chinese baked item](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bakery_products "Chinese bakery products") traditionally eaten during the [Mid-Autumn Festival](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Autumn_Festival "Mid-Autumn Festival") (中秋節).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-1) The festival is primarily about the harvest, while a legend connects it to [moon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon "Moon") watching, and mooncakes are regarded as a delicacy.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-2) Mooncakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings while celebrating the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is widely regarded as one of the four most important [Chinese festivals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_festivals "Chinese festivals").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-3) There are numerous varieties of mooncakes consumed within China and outside of China in [overseas Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_Chinese "Overseas Chinese") communities. The Cantonese mooncake is the most famous variety. A traditional Cantonese mooncake[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-4) is a round pastry, measuring about 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 3–4 cm (1\+1⁄4–1\+1⁄2 in) thick, with a rich, thick filling usually made from [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") (other typical fillings include [red bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste") or mixed nuts) surrounded by a thin, 2–3 mm (approximately 1/8 of an inch) crust and may contain [yolks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolk "Yolk") from [salted duck eggs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_duck_egg "Salted duck egg").[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-5) Mooncakes are usually eaten in small wedges, accompanied by [tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_tea "Chinese tea"). Today, it is customary for business people and families to present them to their clients or relatives as presents,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-6) encouraging the market for high-end mooncakes. Just as the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated in various Asian localities due to the presence of Chinese communities throughout the region,[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-7) mooncakes are enjoyed in other parts of Asia too. Mooncakes have also appeared in western countries as a form of delicacy.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-8)[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-9)[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-10) ## General description \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: General description")\] Most mooncakes consist of a thick, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, which may contain one or several whole salted [egg yolks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_yolks "Egg yolks") in the center to symbolize the full moon. Depending on the custom, mooncakes may also be steamed, baked, or fried.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-11) Traditional mooncakes have an imprint on top consisting of the [Chinese characters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character "Chinese character") for "[longevity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longevity "Longevity")" or "harmony", as well as the name of the bakery and the filling inside.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-12) Imprints of the Moon, the [Chinese goddess of the Moon (Chang'e)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%27e "Chang'e"), flowers, vines, or a rabbit (symbol of the Moon) may surround the characters for additional decoration. ### Mid-Autumn Festival \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Mid-Autumn Festival")\] The festival is intricately linked to [legends of Chang’e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-Autumn_Festival#Moon_worship "Mid-Autumn Festival"), the Moon [Goddess](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddess "Goddess") of [Immortality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immortality "Immortality").[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-13) According to the [Liji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liji "Liji"), an ancient Chinese book recording customs and ceremonies, the Chinese Emperor should offer sacrifices to the Sun in spring and the Moon in autumn. The 15th day of the 8th Chinese month is the day called "Mid-Autumn". The night on the 15th of the 8th Chinese month is also called "Night of the Moon". Because of its central role in the Mid-Autumn festival, mooncakes remained popular even in recent years. For many, they form a central part of the Mid-Autumn festival experience such that it is now commonly known as 'Mooncake Festival'. There is a folk tale about the overthrow of the [Yuan dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty "Yuan dynasty") facilitated by messages smuggled in moon cakes. Mooncakes were used by revolutionaries in their effort to overthrow the [Mongol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongols "Mongols")\-led Yuan dynasty, eventually resulting in the establishment of the [Ming dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty "Ming dynasty").[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-npr-2019sep14-14)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-ao-2017aug11-15) The idea is said to have been conceived by [Zhu Yuanzhang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang "Zhu Yuanzhang") and his advisor [Liu Bowen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Bowen "Liu Bowen"), who circulated a rumor that a deadly plague was spreading and that the only way to prevent it was to eat special mooncakes, which would instantly revive and give special powers to the user. This prompted the quick distribution of mooncakes. The mooncakes contained a secret message: on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, kill the rulers.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-16) Another method of hiding a message was to print it on the surfaces of mooncakes (which came in packages of four), as a simple puzzle or mosaic. To read the message, each of the four mooncakes was cut into four parts. The resulting 16 pieces were pieced together to reveal the message. The pieces of mooncakes were then eaten to destroy the message. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lotus_seed_paste.jpg) Cut mooncake showing lotus seed paste filling around the (crumbled) egg yolk "moon" Many types of fillings can be found in traditional mooncakes:[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-17) - [Lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") (蓮蓉, lían róng): Considered by some to be the original and most luxurious mooncake filling, lotus paste filling is found in many types of mooncakes.[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-18)White lotus paste commands an even higher premium. Due to the high price of lotus paste, white kidney bean paste is sometimes used as a filler. - [Sweet bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_bean_paste "Sweet bean paste") (豆沙, dòu shā): A number of pastes are common fillings found in Chinese desserts. Although [red bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_bean_paste "Red bean paste"), made from [azuki beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azuki_bean "Azuki bean"), is the most common worldwide, there are regional and original preferences for bean paste made from [mung beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean "Mung bean"), as well as [black beans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bean_paste "Black bean paste"). - [Jujube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jujube "Jujube") paste (棗泥, zǎo ní): A sweet paste is made from the ripe fruits of the jujube (date) plant. The paste is dark red in color, a little fruity/smoky in flavor, and slightly sour in taste. Depending on the quality of the paste, jujube paste may be confused with red bean paste, which is sometimes used as a filler. - Five kernels (五仁, wǔ rén) or mixed nuts: A filling consisting of five types of nuts and seeds, coarsely chopped, is held together with [maltose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose "Maltose") syrup. Recipes differ from region to region, but commonly used nuts and seeds include: [walnuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut "Walnut"), [pumpkin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin "Pumpkin") seeds, [watermelon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watermelon "Watermelon") seeds, [peanuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut "Peanut"), [sesame](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame "Sesame") seeds, or [almonds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almond "Almond"). The mixture for the filling also contains candied [winter melon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_melon "Winter melon"), [jinhua ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinhua_ham "Jinhua ham"), or pieces of [rock sugar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_candy "Rock candy") as additional flavoring. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Moon_Cakes.jpg/250px-Moon_Cakes.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cakes.jpg) Mooncakes with Chinese characters 金門旦黃 (jinmen danhuang), meaning the moon cake contains a single egg yolk and is made from a bakery named "Golden Gate". Mooncakes usually have the bakery name pressed on them. Traditional mooncakes vary widely depending on the region where they are produced. Most regions produce them with many types of fillings, but with only one type of crust. Although [vegetarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetarian "Vegetarian") mooncakes may use [vegetable oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oil "Vegetable oil"), many mooncakes use [lard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lard "Lard") in their recipes. Three types of mooncake crust are used in [Chinese cuisine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_cuisine "Chinese cuisine"):[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-19) - Chewy: This crust has a reddish-brown tone and glossy sheen. It is the most common type of crust used on [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine")\-style mooncakes. It is also the most commonly seen type of mooncake in [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America "North America") and many Western countries. Chewy mooncake crusts are made using a combination of thick sugar syrup, [lye](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lye "Lye") water (碱水, sodium carbonate (碱 \[Na2CO3\]), flour, and oil, thus giving this crust its rich taste and a chewy yet tender texture. Chewiness can be increased further by adding [maltose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose "Maltose") syrup to the mixture. - The dough is also baked into [fish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish "Fish") or [piglet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig "Pig") shapes ([Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): 猪仔饼; [Cantonese Yale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese "Yale romanization of Cantonese"): jyū jái béng; lit. 'piglet biscuits') and sold at bakeries as a chewy snack. They often come individually packaged in small plastic baskets, to symbolize fish being caught or piglets being bound for sale. - Flaky: Flaky crusts are most indicative of [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\- and [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan "Taiwan")\-style mooncakes. The dough is made by rolling together alternating layers of oily dough and flour that has been [stir-fried](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying "Stir frying") in oil. This crust has a texture similar to [puff pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puff_pastry "Puff pastry"). - Tender: Mooncakes from certain provinces of [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China "China")\[[which?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words "Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words")\] are often made to be tender rather than flaky or chewy. The texture of this type of mooncake crust is similar to the [shortcrust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcrust_pastry "Shortcrust pastry") used in Western [pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pie "Pie") crusts or [tart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tart "Tart") shells. Tender crusts are made mainly of a homogenous mix of sugar, oil, flour, and water. This type of crust is also commonly used in other type of Chinese pastries, such as the [egg tart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_tart "Egg tart"). - Crumbly: [Yunnan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan "Yunnan")\-style mooncakes are made using a [hot water crust pastry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_water_crust_pastry "Hot water crust pastry") that combines different kinds of flour with oil, salt, and hot water to form a dense, crumbly pastry that's quite uncommon elsewhere.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-20) ### Regional variations in China \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Regional variations in China")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg/250px-Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncakes_in_Malaysia.jpg) Mooncakes from Malaysia [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg/250px-Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_with_double_yolk_and_lotus_seed_paste.jpg) Cantonese-style mooncake with double yolk and lotus seed paste (including [salted duck egg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_duck_egg "Salted duck egg") yolk and [lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") as fillings, and this wheat flour pastry on the surface) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg/250px-Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_with_five_smashed_nuts.jpg) Cantonese-style mooncake with five nuts/kernels (including smashed cashews, smashed sesame seed, smashed almonds, smashed walnuts, smashed egusi seeds) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg/250px-Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Savoury_Suzhou-style_meat_mooncake.jpg) [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncakes with minced pork filling There are many regional variants of the mooncake. Types of traditional mooncake include:[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-21) - [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_cuisine "Beijing cuisine")\-style mooncake: This style has two variations. One, called di qiang, was influenced by the Suzhou-style mooncake. It has a light, foamy dough as opposed to a flaky one. The other variation, called "fan mao", has a flaky, white dough. The two most popular fillings are the mountain [hawthorn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhaphiolepis "Rhaphiolepis") and [wisteria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisteria "Wisteria") blossom flavors. - [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine "Cantonese cuisine")\-style mooncake: Originating from [Guangdong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong "Guangdong") and [Guangxi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxi "Guangxi") provinces, the Cantonese mooncake has multiple variations and is the most famous regional style of the mooncake. The ingredients used for the fillings are various: lotus seed paste, melon seed paste, nuts, ham, chicken, [duck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_$food$ "Duck (food)"), roast [pork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pork "Pork"), [mushrooms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_mushroom "Edible mushroom"), egg yolks, etc. More elaborate versions contain four egg yolks, representing the four [phases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_phase "Moon phase") of the moon. Recent contemporary forms (albeit non-traditional) sold in Hong Kong are even made from chocolate, ice-cream or jelly.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-22) - [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine "Shanghai cuisine")\-style mooncake: This style is made from shortcrust pastry which is rich, crumbly and buttery crust but not like pie dough. The most popular fillings are similar to those sweet Cantonese-style mooncake such as sweetened red bean paste, lotus seed paste and taro paste with egg yolks in the middle of the filling. - [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine "Hong Kong cuisine")\-style mooncake: Hong Kong has gained its own style of mooncakes. While [Hongkongers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkongers "Hongkongers") typically eat Cantonese-style mooncakes, local inventions such as [snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake") have been appearing over the last few decades. - [Teochew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_cuisine "Teochew cuisine")\-style mooncake: This is another flaky crust variety, but is larger in size than the Suzhou variety. It is close in diameter to the Cantonese style, but thinner. A variety of fillings are used, but the aroma of lard after roasting is stressed. The [Teochew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaozhou_people "Chaozhou people") also have a fried lotus cake (or lotus pastry) ([simplified Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters"): 莲花酥月饼; [traditional Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters"): 蓮花酥月餅; [pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin "Pinyin"): Liánhuā sū yuèbǐng), eaten on the Mid-Autumn Festival. This moon cake is deep-fried, not baked. The yam filling and flaky pastry crust are what set Teochew mooncakes apart from other mooncakes. These old-school confections are known as "la bia" ([朥饼](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%A5%E9%A5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1 "朥饼 (page does not exist)")) in the [Chaoshan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaoshan "Chaoshan") region in the east of Guangdong, where the Teochews came from. La means lard or pork oil in Teochew, which is mixed with flour to make the pastry. - [Ningbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningbo "Ningbo")\-style mooncake: This style is also inspired by the Suzhou-style. It is prevalent in [Zhejiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang "Zhejiang") province, and has a compact covering. The fillings are either [seaweed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_seaweed "Edible seaweed") or [ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham "Ham"); it is also known for its [spicy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice "Spice") and salty flavor. - [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncake: This style began more than a thousand years ago, and is known for its layers of flaky [dough](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dough "Dough") and generous allotment of sugar and lard. Within this regional type, there are more than a dozen variations. It is also smaller than most other regional varieties. [Suzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou "Suzhou")\-style mooncakes feature both sweet and savory types, the latter served hot and usually filled with pork mince. Fillings made from salt and pepper (椒鹽, jiāoyán) are common in flaky Suzhou-style mooncakes. - [Meizhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meizhou "Meizhou")\-style mooncake - Southern Min-style mooncake - [Wenzhou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou "Wenzhou")\-style mooncake - [Yunnan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan "Yunnan")\-style mooncake: The distinctive feature is the combination of various flours for the dough, including [rice flour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_flour "Rice flour"), [wheat flour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_flour "Wheat flour"), and [buckwheat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckwheat "Buckwheat") flour, and a filling that combines [Xuanwei ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuanwei_ham "Xuanwei ham") and [sugar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar "Sugar"). ## Contemporary styles \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: Contemporary styles")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Yam_mooncake1.jpg/250px-Yam_mooncake1.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yam_mooncake1.jpg) Jelly mooncake with yam-paste filling Over time, both the crusts and the composition of the fillings of mooncakes have diversified, in particular, due to a commercial need to drive up sales in the face of intense competition between producers and from other food types. As competition among producers intensifies, retailers tend to over-design mooncake packaging to create market buzz and attract consumers, which often leads to excessive packaging and low recycling rates. Mooncake packaging continues to rely on plastic and other environmentally unfriendly materials, and China’s annual production of packaging waste is increasing at an estimated rate of about 10%, while only around 10% of recyclable resources are recovered.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-23) Part of these trends are also to cater to changing taste preferences, and because people are more health-conscious. Therefore, most of these contemporary styles are especially prominent amongst the cosmopolitan and younger Chinese and amongst the overseas Chinese community. However, traditional mooncakes are often sold alongside contemporary ones to cater to individual preferences.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-24) Some of the earliest forms of diversification were by changing the fillings with ingredients considered unusual then. [Taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro "Taro") paste (芋泥, yù ní), [pineapple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple") and [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian") were amongst the first to be introduced, especially amongst the overseas Chinese communities in [Southeast Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia "Southeast Asia").[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-25)The crust itself also evolved, particularly with the introduction of "[snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake")".[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-26) It is different from the traditional mooncake - the snow skin mooncake needs to be stored inside a refrigerator and is white on the outside. This kind of white coloured mooncake is popular with teenagers.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-27) Miniature mooncakes also appeared, in part to allow for easier individual consumption without the need to cut the large cakes. To adapt to today's health-conscious lifestyle, fat-free mooncakes also appeared. Some are made of [yogurt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogurt "Yogurt"), [jelly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit_preserves "Fruit preserves"), and fat-free [ice-cream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice-cream "Ice-cream"). Customers pick and choose the size and filling of mooncakes that suits their taste and diet. For added hygiene, each cake is often wrapped in airtight plastic, accompanied by a tiny food preserver packet. Contemporary-style mooncakes, while increasingly popular, have their detractors. Pricey ingredients have pushed up prices, causing worry of a "mooncake bubble" forming in China.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-28) Food critics sometimes point out that "chocolate mooncakes" are in reality just chocolate shaped into mooncakes, and not mooncakes made with chocolate, while others complain that food chains appear intent on coming up with exotic flavors to take advantage of the market, without much thought for how well the tastes fuse together.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-29) ### Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: Waste and Over-packaging Behind Mooncake")\] Mooncake packaging has become increasingly fancy and wasteful due to its giftability. Since mooncakes are often bought as gifts, companies use unnecessary materials that harm the environment. Researchers suggest fixing this by bringing back traditional cultural designs, using recyclable or biodegradable materials, simplifying the packaging, and improving rules to prevent waste. They also recommend more eco-friendly ideas in how mooncakes are made and shipped.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-30) During Hong Kong’s Mid-Autumn Festival, millions of mooncakes and their excessive packaging end up in landfills, adding to the city’s food waste and environmental problems. Local charities collect surplus mooncakes and give them to low-income families, the elderly, and the homeless, helping reduce waste while supporting people in need. They urge the public to donate unused mooncakes, avoid overbuying, and be more mindful about food waste.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-31) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg/250px-Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cake_Filling.jpg) Mooncake filling Fillings in contemporary style mooncakes have diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing [taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro "Taro") paste and [pineapple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple"), which were considered novelty items at their time of invention, have become commonplace in recent years. In addition, filling composed of ingredients such as [coffee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee "Coffee"), [chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate "Chocolate"), nuts (e.g., [walnuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut "Walnut"), [mixed nuts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_nuts "Mixed nuts"), etc.), fruits (e.g., [prunes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prune_$fruit$ "Prune (fruit)"), [pineapples](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple "Pineapple"), [melons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melon "Melon"), [lychees](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lychee "Lychee"), etc.), vegetables (e.g., [sweet potatoes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_potato "Sweet potato"), etc.), and even [ham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham "Ham") have been added to give a modern twist to the traditional recipes. Some other examples include - [cream cheese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_cheese "Cream cheese") - [chicken floss](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rousong "Rousong") - [tiramisu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiramisu "Tiramisu") - [green tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_tea "Green tea") - [pandan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandan_$cake$ "Pandan (cake)") - [purple yam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_yam "Purple yam") - [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian") - [ice cream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream "Ice cream") (variety of flavors) - [chocolate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocolate "Chocolate") - [strawberry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry "Strawberry") - [coffee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee "Coffee") - [peanut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut "Peanut") - [mango pomelo sago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango_pomelo_sago "Mango pomelo sago") - [mala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mala_$seasoning$ "Mala (seasoning)") - lava custard[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-32) [![Snow skin fruity mooncakes](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg/250px-Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Snow_Skin_Fruity_Mooncakes.jpg) Snow skin fruity mooncakes Traditional Chinese delicacies such as [ginseng](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginseng "Ginseng") and [bird's nest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiftlet "Swiftlet") were soon followed by [abalone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abalone "Abalone") and [shark fin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_fin_soup "Shark fin soup"). Foreign food companies have also tried to cash in. [Häagen-Dazs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4agen-Dazs "Häagen-Dazs") were one of the first to create an ice-cream mooncake, with a choice of either the "traditional," snow-skin, or [Belgian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_chocolate "Belgian chocolate")/[Swiss](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_chocolate "Swiss chocolate") white, milk, and dark chocolate crusts. Other ice-cream and restaurant chains soon followed up with their own versions. Other Western ingredients, including champagne ganache, malt whisky, volcanic-salt caramel and even [Black truffles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_truffles "Black truffles"), [caviar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caviar "Caviar") and [foie gras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foie_gras "Foie gras") have made it into mooncakes. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Pink_jelly2.jpg/250px-Pink_jelly2.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pink_jelly2.jpg) Pink jelly mooncake with red-bean paste filling Snowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts: - [Glutinous rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutinous_rice "Glutinous rice"): A crust with texture similar to that of a [mochi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochi "Mochi"). This is a [snow skin mooncake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_skin_mooncake "Snow skin mooncake"). These moon cakes are known [colloquially](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquial "Colloquial") as "snowskin mooncakes", "ice-skin mooncakes" or "snowy mooncakes" (冰皮 or 冰皮月餅).[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-cnn-33) - Jelly: A crust made of gelling mixtures such as [agar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agar "Agar"), [gelatin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin "Gelatin"), or [konjac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konjac "Konjac") and flavored with a wide variety of fruit flavorings. ## Use in other countries and regions \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mooncake&action=edit&section=13 "Edit section: Use in other countries and regions")\] Mooncakes are transliterated into Mongolian as yeven (еэвэн, ᠶᠧᠪᠢᠩ). Mooncakes in Mongolia are hearty with the crust made from wheat flour, barley and raisin is a popular filling. Mooncakes in Japan are known as geppei (月餅), a transliteration of the Chinese name. Their designs are based on the Cantonese mooncake, are associated with Chinese culture and are sold all year round, mainly in Japan's [Chinatowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown "Chinatown"). [Azuki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azuki "Azuki") (red bean) paste is the most popular filling for these mooncakes, but other sorts of beans, as well as chestnut, are also used. The most traditional mooncake found within [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan "Taiwan") resembles those from southern Fujian. Taiwanese mooncakes are filled with sweetened red bean paste, sometimes with [mochi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochi "Mochi") in the center. The most common traditional mooncakes coming from Taiwan are filled [mung bean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean "Mung bean") (lu dou) or [taro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taro_cake "Taro cake") paste, generally with a salted duck egg yolk in the mung bean mooncakes, and either salted duck egg or a savory treat in the taro mooncakes. They typically have a flaky crust and are spherical in shape. Instead of the imprinted pattern on top common in Cantonese versions, Taiwanese mooncakes have a red stamp typically in celebratory Chinese character.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-34) Modern, more trendy Taiwanese moon cakes are wide in variety that includes low fat, lard free and ice cream versions. Popular modern flavors include [green tea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_tea "Green tea"), chocolate, strawberry and [tiramisu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiramisu "Tiramisu"). In [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia "Indonesia"), there are several main types of mooncakes,\[[quantify](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers")\] from the traditional to the modern mooncakes. The very traditional mooncake has been there ever since the Chinese and Japanese entered Indonesia, they are circular like a moon, white and thinner than regular mooncake. Fillings may include pork, chocolate, cheese, milk, [durian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian "Durian"), [jackfruit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackfruit "Jackfruit") and many other exotic fruits made into a paste. This type of mooncake is widely available all year long while the regular modern mooncakes are usually only sold around the mid-autumn festival season. As a Muslim-majority country, mooncakes are predominantly made with [halal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halal "Halal") ingredients. The crust is typically made from vegetable oil or [peanut oil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut_oil "Peanut oil")[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-35) and filled with [mung bean paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mung_bean_paste "Mung bean paste"). There are three major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes; [George Town](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Town,_Penang "George Town, Penang"), [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur") and [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah"). Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese. However, many prefer to add 100% pure [Hunan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan "Hunan") lotus seed to maintain the quality of mooncakes. The most popular types, especially in Kuala Lumpur, are White Lotus Seed Paste Cake, Snow Skins and Black Sesame With Yolk.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-36) [![Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg/250px-Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mooncake_Gift_Sets_in_Singapore.jpg) Mooncake gift set by a top hotel in Singapore In [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore "Singapore"), mooncakes are luxury gifts. They come in a wide variety of flavors ranging from the traditional baked ones, to the Teochew flaky ones filled with yam paste, to snowskin varieties filled with chilled fruit pastes. Traditional mooncakes feature base fillings of red lotus paste, white lotus paste or red bean paste, with 0-4 salted duck egg yolks embedded within. Variations include adding other ingredients such as macadamia nuts, [osmanthus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanthus "Osmanthus"), orange peel and melon seeds. Snowskin mooncakes in Singapore feature flavors ranging from Lychee Martini, Baileys, Matcha Red Bean, durian, and various fruit pastes. Mooncakes are luxurious gifts in Singapore and are very popular as gifts to clients, friends and family. An average box of 4 mooncakes cost US\$60. Many hotels and fine Chinese cuisine restaurants offer mooncakes packaged in elaborate boxes with multiple compartments and jeweled clasps. Mooncake boxes are commonly repurposed as jewelry boxes after the festival ends. In [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand "Thailand"), mooncakes (in Thai, ขนมไหว้พระจันทร์) are sold in [Thai-Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_Chinese "Thai Chinese") bakeries during festival season. In [Bangkok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok "Bangkok"), traditional and modern moon cakes are not limited to [Chinatown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown,_Bangkok "Chinatown, Bangkok") on [Yaowarat Road](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaowarat_Road "Yaowarat Road"), but they are also found in stalls of large supermarkets. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG/250px-B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B%C3%A1nh_trung_thu_2.JPG) A box with bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg/250px-B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:B%C3%A1nh_d%E1%BA%BBo.jpg) Vietnamese sticky rice mooncake with mung bean paste and salted egg yolk In Vietnam, mooncakes are known as bánh trung thu[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooncake#cite_note-37) (literally "mid-autumn cake"). Vietnamese mooncakes are usually sold either individually or in a set of four. There are two kinds of mooncake: bánh nướng (baked mooncake) and bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake). It can be said that bánh nướng and bánh dẻo are two special kinds of cake in Vietnam. They are widely popular and are sold only during the [Tết Trung Thu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%BFt_Trung_Thu "Tết Trung Thu") season. Vietnamese mooncakes are often in the shape of a circle (10 cm in diameter) or a square (a length of about 7–8 cm), and 4–5 cm thick. Larger sizes are not uncommon. Their designs largely resemble that of the Cantonese mooncake, though some other images, such as the sow with cub, fish, shrimp, etc. can also be found. Vietnamese mooncakes have two basic parts: crust and filling. The ingredients usually consist of: jam, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared lard, lotus seed, watermelon seed, etc. Compared to other variants, Vietnamese mooncakes' flavor is more on the sweet side. Thus, to balance it, salted egg yolk is often added. They can be baked or eaten immediately. Bánh nướng (baked mooncake) is made from wheat flour, cooking oil, and simple syrup boiled with malt. After being filled with various combinations of salted egg yolk, dried sausage, mung bean paste, salt, sugar, cooking oil, sugared pig fat, lotus seed, watermelon seed, it will be brushed with egg wash, then baked in the oven. The egg wash will protect the crust of the cake from drying out and create the aroma of the cake. The cakes have to be rotated constantly in the oven to prevent burning. Bánh dẻo (sticky rice mooncake) is easier to make than bánh nướng. The crust and filling are pre-cooked. The crust is made from roasted glutinous rice flour, pomelo blossom water or vanilla and simple syrup. After malaxating rice flour, fillings similar to that of baked mooncake is stuffed inside the crust and then the cake is put into the mold dusted with a thin layer of flour to prevent sticking to fingers. The cake can be used immediately without any further steps. However, bánh dẻo is not as popular as bánh nướng. - [![Baked moon cake from Vietnam](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG/250px-Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnam_Grilled_moon_cake.JPG "Baked moon cake from Vietnam") Baked moon cake from Vietnam - [![Commercial brand Mooncake](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg/250px-Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wing_Wah_Mooncake.jpg "Commercial brand Mooncake") Commercial brand Mooncake - [![Mooncakes](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Moon_Cakes2.jpg/250px-Moon_Cakes2.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Cakes2.jpg "Mooncakes") Mooncakes - [![Mooncakes in Chengdu](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg/250px-Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brown_sugar_griddle_buns_chengdu.jpg "Mooncakes in Chengdu") Mooncakes in Chengdu - [Bakpia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakpia "Bakpia") (Hopia) - [Bánh pía](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_p%C3%ADa "Bánh pía") – Vietnamese pastry - [Crystal cake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_cake "Crystal cake") – Chinese dessert - [List of Chinese desserts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_desserts "List of Chinese desserts") - [Lotus seed paste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_seed_paste "Lotus seed paste") – Chinese dessert ingredient - [Nian gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nian_gao "Nian gao") – Chinese food - [Suncake (Taiwan)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suncake_$Taiwan$ "Suncake (Taiwan)") – Taiwanese flaky cakes filled with maltose - [Yueguangbing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yueguangbing "Yueguangbing") – Traditional Hakka mooncake 1. 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