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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa037)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh","crawl_time":1756565232,"first_indexed_time":0,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Moh s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Moh - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"One of the Five Evils of Sikhism Moh  ( Punjabi : ਮੋਹ  mōha ;  Sanskrit :  muh [ 1 ] ) is a word in Punjabi and Sanskrit which describes attachment to worldly possessions or individuals. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ]  It is one of the  five thieves  within Sikh philosophy which hinder one's spiritual development. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ] The term has been translated by  Harbans Singh  as meaning: “to become stupefied, to be bewildered or perplexed, to err, to be mistaken”. [ 1 ]  It is defined in ancient Indic texts for perplexity or confusion and for the cause of confusion, that namely being,  avidya  or  ajnana  (ignorance or illusion). [ 1 ] It is called  aaskti  \"आसक्ति\" in Hindi, which is considered a root cause for राग द्वेष \"all the sorrows in life\". [ citation needed ]  In Hindu religious texts it is a cause of ignorance अज्ञान which is due to worldly illusion माया ( maya ). [ citation needed ] In another context, it stands for “the snare of worldly illusion, infatuation.” [ 1 ]  Its purpose has two elements: it obscures the discernment of truth, prevents the perception of reality, and it creates an error of judgement or leads to wrong knowledge ( mithya jnana ). [ 1 ]  Humans believe in an eternal reality of their own existence or ego; they see truth in what is false and seek happiness in what brings suffering. [ 1 ] In  Punjabi moh  generally means love of and attachment to worldly things and relations.\n In  Sikh scripture , the term frequently occurs coupled with  maya  ( maia ) as  maya-moh  interpreted both as infatuation for or clinging to the illusory world of the senses and as illusion of worldly love and attachment. [ 1 ]  Sikh interpretation of  maya , however, differs from that of classical,  Advaita  philosophy, which considers the phenomenal world unreal and therefore an illusion caused by human ignorance. [ 1 ] In  Sikhism , the visible world is a manifestation of God and is therefore real; yet it is not  satya  or true in the sense of immutable and eternal. [ 1 ]  This world of mass, form and movement woven into the  warp and weft  of time and space is God's play created at His pleasure and is as such real and sacred; but it represents only one transient aspect and not Ultimate Reality. [ 1 ] Maya  is not an illusion in the sense of a mirage, a factual nullity; it is a delusion which represents transient as permanent and a part as the whole. [ 1 ] Moh for maya, i.e. for this transient world of the senses, hinders the soul's search for its ultimate goal and is, therefore, one of the Five Evils. [ 1 ]  It is related, on the one hand, to  kam  (desire, love) and  lobh  (possessiveness, covetousness) and, on the other, to  ahankar  (sense of I, my and mine). [ 1 ]  That is how  moh  has been referred to as a net,  maiajal . [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Guru Nanak  advises shedding of  moh  as it is the source of all evil and a cause for repeated births and deaths. [ 5 ] Moh prevents the union of the human soul with  the Divine , such a state of spiritual union is known as  Sehaj . [ 3 ] The antidote to  moh  is non-attachment ( vairāg ). [ 1 ]  This is not easy, for the  Gurus  preach active participation in life rather than renunciation and escapism. [ 1 ]  Ultimately, all depends on  nadar  or God's grace. [ 1 ]  Says  Guru Nanak  “ nadari kare ta ehu mohu jai —by (His) grace alone will this  moh  be cancelled”. [ 5 ] [ 1 ]  The right remedy is the understanding ( gian ) that the mundane world, its relations and affairs, demanding one's participation and involvement are transient. [ 1 ]  Non-attachment thus is not non-action, but an attitude to action characterized by Guru Nanak as that of a  bajigar , participant in a sport. [ 1 ]  The world, says Guru Nanak in a hymn in  Maru  measure, “is like a seasonal pastureland where one passeth but a few days. . . Like the bajigar one plays one’s part here and departs”. [ 6 ] [ 1 ] A common and repeating theme in  gurbani  describing the ideal life is that of the  lotus  which, although living in water, keeps its head above it without allowing itself to be submerged. [ 1 ] [ 3 ]  The symbolism of the lotus is repeated throughout the hymns of the Gurus as a state to aspire to in-order to keep away the ill-effects of Moh upon the spiritual seeker. [ 3 ] ^  a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Singh, Harbans (2011).  The Encyclopedia of Sikhism . Vol. 3: M-R (3rd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. pp.  111– 112.  ISBN 978-81-7380-349-9 . ^  a b Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001).  The Making of Sikh Scripture . Oxford University Press. p. 140.  ISBN 9780198029878 .  In addition, Guru Nanak urges human beings to avoid lust (kam), anger (krodh), greed (lobh), attachment (moh) ... These are called the \"five thieves\" (panj chor), and the need to control them is a repeated theme in Guru Nanak's hymns; ... ^  a b c d e Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (2005).  A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy . Routledge. pp.  84– 85.  ISBN 9781135797607 .  Guru Amar Das stated, 'Within this body are hidden five thieves: they are lust, wrath, greed, attachment and egoism. They steal away the nectar within us ... In Punjabi the names of the five vices are, kam, krodh, lobh, moh, and hankar. ... Attachment is more in need of examination, being perhaps unfamiliar to the western mind. It means clinging to anyone or thing which prevents someone from becoming united with the one being who can provide eternal union, sahaj, God. Thus Guru Nanak wrote, 'Abandon love of family and of all affairs. Leave aside love of the world, it is a waste of time. Forsake worldly love and superstition, brother, it is all a waste of time' (AG 356). He uses the familiar Indian symbol of the lotus which can survive in a murky pond, its beauty unspoiled by the filth which surrounds it to illustrates the idea of non-attachment: 'As the lotus lives detached in water, as the duck floats carefree on the stream, so one crosses the sea of material existence with the mind attuned to the Word. Live detached, shorn of hope, living in the midst of hope' (AG 938). ^ GG, 266 ^  a b GG, 356 ^ GG, 1023 Sabadarth Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Amritsar, 1969 Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs. Patiala, 1970 Sher Singh, The Philosophy of Sikhism. Lahore, 1944","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages)\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/wikipedia.png) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Moh \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Moh \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPersonal tools\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Moh \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Moh \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPages for logged out editors [learn more](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction)\n\n- [Contributions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyContributions \"A list of edits made from this IP address [y]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyTalk \"Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh)\n- [1 Definition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#Definition)\n- [2 Description](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#Description)\n  Toggle Description subsection\n  - [2\\.1 Solution](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#Solution)\n- [3 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#References)\n  Toggle References subsection\n  - [3\\.1 Bibliography](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#Bibliography)\n- [4 Further reading](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#Further_reading)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Moh\n2 languages\n\n- [Italiano](https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moha_\\(sikhismo\\) \"Moha (sikhismo) – Italian\")\n- [ಕನ್ನಡ](https:\/\/kn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B9 \"ಮೋಹ – Kannada\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q17061816#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Moh \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Moh \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Moh \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&oldid=1219783109 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Moh&id=1219783109&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMoh)\n- [Download QR code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMoh)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Moh&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q17061816 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nOne of the Five Evils of Sikhism\n\nFor other uses, see [MOH](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MOH_\\(disambiguation\\) \"MOH (disambiguation)\").\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/b\/b4\/Ambox_important.svg\/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png) |   |\n|   |   |\n| ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a4\/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg\/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png) | This article includes a list of [general references](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references \"Wikipedia:Citing sources\"), but **it lacks sufficient corresponding [inline citations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations \"Wikipedia:Citing sources\")**. Please help to [improve](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability \"Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability\") this article by [introducing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:When_to_cite \"Wikipedia:When to cite\") more precise citations. *(December 2019)* *([Learn how and when to remove this message](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Maintenance_template_removal \"Help:Maintenance template removal\"))* |\n|   |   |\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/6\/6c\/Wiki_letter_w.svg\/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg) | This article's [lead section](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Lead_section#Length \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Lead section\") **may be too short to adequately [summarize](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Summary_style \"Wikipedia:Summary style\") the key points**. Please consider expanding the lead to [provide an accessible overview](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Lead section\") of all important aspects of the article. *(November 2022)* |\n\n| [Sikh beliefs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_philosophy \"Sikh philosophy\") |\n|---|\n| 1a. [Simran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simran \"Simran\") (spiritual contemplation) 1b. [Sewa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Selfless_service \"Selfless service\") (selfless service) **2\\. [Three Pillars](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism \"Three pillars of Sikhism\")** 2a. [Naam Japo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naam_Japo \"Naam Japo\") (contemplating God's names) Meditating on God's name to control the five evils and living a satisfying life. 2b. [Kirat Karo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirat_Karo \"Kirat Karo\") (work diligently) Earning\/making a living honestly, without exploitation or fraud 2c. [Vand Chhako](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vand_Chhako \"Vand Chhako\") Sharing with others, helping those with less or those who are in need **3\\. [Five Thieves](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Five_Thieves \"Five Thieves\")** 3a. [Kaam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaam \"Kaam\") (lust) 3b. [Krodh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krodh \"Krodh\") (anger) 3c. [Lobh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobh \"Lobh\") (greed) 3d. [Moh]() (attachment, e.g. to material things or people) 3e. [Hankaar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hankaar \"Hankaar\") (ego, pride) **4\\. [Five Virtues](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Five_Virtues \"Five Virtues\")** 4a. [Sat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Satya#Sikhism \"Satya\") (truth) 4b. [Santokh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santokh \"Santokh\") (contentment) 4c. [Daya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daya_\\(Sikhism\\) \"Daya (Sikhism)\") (compassion) 4d. [Nimrata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nimrata \"Nimrata\") (humility) 4e. [Pyaar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyaar \"Pyaar\") (love) **5\\. [Four Treasures](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Padarath \"Padarath\")** |\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:SikhBeliefs \"Template:SikhBeliefs\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:SikhBeliefs \"Template talk:SikhBeliefs\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:SikhBeliefs \"Special:EditPage\/Template:SikhBeliefs\") |\n\n|   |\n|---|\n| **[Five Evils](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Five_Evils \"Five Evils\")** |\n| 1\\. [Kam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kam \"Kam\") (Lust) 2. [Krodh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krodh \"Krodh\") (Rage) 3. [Lobh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobh \"Lobh\") (Greed) 4. [Moh]() (Attachment) 5. [Ahankar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ahankar \"Ahankar\") (Ego) |\n\n**Moh** ([Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\"): ਮੋਹ *mōha*; [Sanskrit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanskrit \"Sanskrit\"): *muh[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)*) is a word in Punjabi and Sanskrit which describes attachment to worldly possessions or individuals.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:1-2)[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is one of the [five thieves](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Five_thieves \"Five thieves\") within Sikh philosophy which hinder one's spiritual development.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:1-2)[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\n## Definition\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: Definition\")\\]\n\nThe term has been translated by [Harbans Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbans_Singh \"Harbans Singh\") as meaning: “to become stupefied, to be bewildered or perplexed, to err, to be mistaken”.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is defined in ancient Indic texts for perplexity or confusion and for the cause of confusion, that namely being, *avidya* or *ajnana* (ignorance or illusion).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\nIt is called *aaskti* \"आसक्ति\" in Hindi, which is considered a root cause for राग द्वेष \"all the sorrows in life\".\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] In Hindu religious texts it is a cause of ignorance अज्ञान which is due to worldly illusion माया (*maya*).\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\]\n\nIn another context, it stands for “the snare of worldly illusion, infatuation.”[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Its purpose has two elements: it obscures the discernment of truth, prevents the perception of reality, and it creates an error of judgement or leads to wrong knowledge (*mithya jnana*).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Humans believe in an eternal reality of their own existence or ego; they see truth in what is false and seek happiness in what brings suffering.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\nIn [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") *moh* generally means love of and attachment to worldly things and relations.\n\n## Description\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: Description\")\\]\n\nIn [Sikh scripture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_Scripture \"Sikh Scripture\"), the term frequently occurs coupled with [*maya*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maya_\\(illusion\\) \"Maya (illusion)\") (*maia*) as *maya-moh* interpreted both as infatuation for or clinging to the illusory world of the senses and as illusion of worldly love and attachment.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Sikh interpretation of *maya*, however, differs from that of classical, *[Advaita](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Advaita_Vedanta \"Advaita Vedanta\")* philosophy, which considers the phenomenal world unreal and therefore an illusion caused by human ignorance.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\nIn [Sikhism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism \"Sikhism\"), the visible world is a manifestation of God and is therefore real; yet it is not *satya* or true in the sense of immutable and eternal.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) This world of mass, form and movement woven into the [warp and weft](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Warp_and_weft \"Warp and weft\") of time and space is God's play created at His pleasure and is as such real and sacred; but it represents only one transient aspect and not Ultimate Reality.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) *Maya* is not an illusion in the sense of a mirage, a factual nullity; it is a delusion which represents transient as permanent and a part as the whole.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\nMoh for maya, i.e. for this transient world of the senses, hinders the soul's search for its ultimate goal and is, therefore, one of the Five Evils.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is related, on the one hand, to *kam* (desire, love) and *lobh* (possessiveness, covetousness) and, on the other, to *ahankar* (sense of I, my and mine).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) That is how *moh* has been referred to as a net, *maiajal*.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-4) [Guru Nanak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Nanak \"Guru Nanak\") advises shedding of *moh* as it is the source of all evil and a cause for repeated births and deaths.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-GG,_356-5)\n\nMoh prevents the union of the human soul with [the Divine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/God_in_Sikhism \"God in Sikhism\"), such a state of spiritual union is known as *[Sehaj](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sahaja \"Sahaja\")*.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)\n\n### Solution\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Solution\")\\]\n\nThe antidote to *moh* is non-attachment (*vairāg*).[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) This is not easy, for the [Gurus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurus \"Gurus\") preach active participation in life rather than renunciation and escapism.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Ultimately, all depends on *nadar* or God's grace.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Says [Guru Nanak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Nanak \"Guru Nanak\") “*nadari kare ta ehu mohu jai*—by (His) grace alone will this *moh* be cancelled”.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-GG,_356-5)[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) The right remedy is the understanding (*gian*) that the mundane world, its relations and affairs, demanding one's participation and involvement are transient.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Non-attachment thus is not non-action, but an attitude to action characterized by Guru Nanak as that of a *bajigar*, participant in a sport.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) The world, says Guru Nanak in a hymn in *Maru* measure, “is like a seasonal pastureland where one passeth but a few days. . . Like the bajigar one plays one’s part here and departs”.[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-6)[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)\n\nA common and repeating theme in *[gurbani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurbani \"Gurbani\")* describing the ideal life is that of the [lotus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_plants_known_as_lotus \"List of plants known as lotus\") which, although living in water, keeps its head above it without allowing itself to be submerged.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:2-3) The symbolism of the lotus is repeated throughout the hymns of the Gurus as a state to aspire to in-order to keep away the ill-effects of Moh upon the spiritual seeker.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-4) [***f***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-5) [***g***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-6) [***h***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-7) [***i***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-8) [***j***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-9) [***k***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-10) [***l***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-11) [***m***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-12) [***n***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-13) [***o***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-14) [***p***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-15) [***q***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-16) [***r***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-17) [***s***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-18) [***t***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-19) [***u***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-20) [***v***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-21) [***w***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-22) [***x***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-23)\n   Singh, Harbans (2011). *The Encyclopedia of Sikhism*. Vol. 3: M-R (3rd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 111–112\\. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n   \n   [978-81-7380-349-9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-81-7380-349-9 \"Special:BookSources\/978-81-7380-349-9\")\n   \n   .\n2. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:1_2-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:1_2-1)\n   Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001). *The Making of Sikh Scripture*. Oxford University Press. p. 140. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n   \n   [9780198029878](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780198029878 \"Special:BookSources\/9780198029878\")\n   \n   . \"In addition, Guru Nanak urges human beings to avoid lust (kam), anger (krodh), greed (lobh), attachment (moh) ... These are called the \"five thieves\" (panj chor), and the need to control them is a repeated theme in Guru Nanak's hymns; ...\"\n3. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-4)\n   Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (2005). *A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy*. Routledge. pp. 84–85\\. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n   \n   [9781135797607](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9781135797607 \"Special:BookSources\/9781135797607\")\n   \n   . \"Guru Amar Das stated, 'Within this body are hidden five thieves: they are lust, wrath, greed, attachment and egoism. They steal away the nectar within us ... In Punjabi the names of the five vices are, kam, krodh, lobh, moh, and hankar. ... Attachment is more in need of examination, being perhaps unfamiliar to the western mind. It means clinging to anyone or thing which prevents someone from becoming united with the one being who can provide eternal union, sahaj, God. Thus Guru Nanak wrote, 'Abandon love of family and of all affairs. Leave aside love of the world, it is a waste of time. Forsake worldly love and superstition, brother, it is all a waste of time' (AG 356). He uses the familiar Indian symbol of the lotus which can survive in a murky pond, its beauty unspoiled by the filth which surrounds it to illustrates the idea of non-attachment: 'As the lotus lives detached in water, as the duck floats carefree on the stream, so one crosses the sea of material existence with the mind attuned to the Word. Live detached, shorn of hope, living in the midst of hope' (AG 938).\"\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-4)** GG, 266\n5. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-GG,_356_5-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-GG,_356_5-1) GG, 356\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moh#cite_ref-6)** GG, 1023\n\n### Bibliography\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: Bibliography\")\\]\n\n- Sabadarth Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Amritsar, 1969\n- Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs. Patiala, 1970\n- Sher Singh, The Philosophy of Sikhism. Lahore, 1944\n\n## Further reading\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Further reading\")\\]\n\n- [Concepts In Sikhism - Edited by Dr. Surinder Singh Sodhi](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090223193214\/http:\/\/www.globalsikhstudies.net\/r_link\/articles.htm)\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Sikhism \"Template:Sikhism\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Sikhism \"Template talk:Sikhism\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Sikhism \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Sikhism\")[Sikhism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism \"Sikhism\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| [Glossary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glossary_of_Sikhism \"Glossary of Sikhism\") and [History](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Sikhism \"History of Sikhism\") |   |\n| [Gurus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_gurus \"Sikh gurus\") | [Guru Nanak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Nanak \"Guru Nanak\") [Guru Angad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Angad \"Guru Angad\") [Guru Amar Das](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Amar_Das \"Guru Amar Das\") [Guru Ram Das](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Ram_Das \"Guru Ram Das\") [Guru Arjan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Arjan \"Guru Arjan\") [Guru Hargobind](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Hargobind \"Guru Hargobind\") [Guru Har Rai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Har_Rai \"Guru Har Rai\") [Guru Har Krishan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Har_Krishan \"Guru Har Krishan\") [Guru Tegh Bahadur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur \"Guru Tegh Bahadur\") [Guru Gobind Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Gobind_Singh \"Guru Gobind Singh\") [Guru Granth Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Granth_Sahib \"Guru Granth Sahib\") (Sikh holy book) |\n| [Philosophy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_philosophy \"Sikh philosophy\") | [Beliefs and principles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_philosophy \"Sikh philosophy\") [Guru Maneyo Granth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Maneyo_Granth \"Guru Maneyo Granth\") [Sikh Rehat Maryada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_Rehat_Maryada \"Sikh Rehat Maryada\") [The 52 Hukams](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_52_Hukams_of_Guru_Gobind_Singh \"The 52 Hukams of Guru Gobind Singh\") [Prohibitions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prohibitions_in_Sikhism \"Prohibitions in Sikhism\") [Cannabis and Sikhism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_and_Sikhism \"Cannabis and Sikhism\") [Diet in Sikhism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diet_in_Sikhism \"Diet in Sikhism\") |\n| [Practices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Sikh_practices \"Category:Sikh practices\") | [Khalsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khalsa \"Khalsa\") [Sikh practices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_practices \"Sikh practices\") [Sikh rites](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_rites \"Sikh rites\") [Ardās](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ard%C4%81s \"Ardās\") [Kirtan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirtan \"Kirtan\") [Langar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Langar_\\(Sikhism\\) \"Langar (Sikhism)\") [Naam Karan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naam_Karan \"Naam Karan\") [Anand Karaj](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anand_Karaj \"Anand Karaj\") [Amrit Sanchar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amrit_Sanchar \"Amrit Sanchar\") [Amrit Velā](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amrit_Vel%C4%81 \"Amrit Velā\") [Antam Sanskar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antam_Sanskar \"Antam Sanskar\") [Three Pillars](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism \"Three pillars of Sikhism\") [Kirat Karo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirat_Karo \"Kirat Karo\") [Naam Japo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naam_Japo \"Naam Japo\") [Vand Chhako](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vand_Chhako \"Vand Chhako\") [The Five Ks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Five_Ks \"The Five Ks\") [Simran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simran \"Simran\") [Sewa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seva_\\(Indian_religions\\) \"Seva (Indian religions)\") [Charhdi Kala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charhdi_Kala \"Charhdi Kala\") [Dasvand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dasvand \"Dasvand\") [Jhatka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jhatka \"Jhatka\") |\n| [Scripture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Sikh_scripture \"Category:Sikh scripture\") | [Guru Granth Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guru_Granth_Sahib \"Guru Granth Sahib\") [Dasam Granth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dasam_Granth \"Dasam Granth\") [Sarbloh Granth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarbloh_Granth \"Sarbloh Granth\") [Gurbani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurbani \"Gurbani\") [Mul Mantar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mul_Mantar \"Mul Mantar\") [Japji Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japji_Sahib \"Japji Sahib\") [Chaupai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaupai_\\(Sikhism\\) \"Chaupai (Sikhism)\") [Jaap Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jaap_Sahib \"Jaap Sahib\") [Rehras](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rehras \"Rehras\") [Sukhmani Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhmani_Sahib \"Sukhmani Sahib\") [Tav-Prasad Savaiye](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tav-Prasad_Savaiye \"Tav-Prasad Savaiye\") |\n| [Architecture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_architecture \"Sikh architecture\") | [Gurdwara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurdwara \"Gurdwara\") [Harmandir Sahib](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Golden_Temple \"Golden Temple\") [Janam Asthan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurdwara_Janam_Asthan \"Gurdwara Janam Asthan\") [Darbar Sahib Kartarpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurdwara_Darbar_Sahib_Kartarpur \"Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur\") [List](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_gurdwaras \"List of gurdwaras\") [Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_gurdwaras#Africa \"List of gurdwaras\") [Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_gurdwaras#Asia \"List of gurdwaras\") [Europe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_gurdwaras#Europe \"List of gurdwaras\") [North America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_gurdwaras#North_America \"List of gurdwaras\") [Bahadurgarh Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahadurgarh_Fort \"Bahadurgarh Fort\") [Fateh Burj](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fateh_Burj \"Fateh Burj\") [Hazuri Bagh Baradari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hazuri_Bagh_Baradari \"Hazuri Bagh Baradari\") [Kesgarh Qila](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kesgarh_Qila \"Kesgarh Qila\") [Khanda museum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khanda_museum \"Khanda museum\") [Moti Bagh Palace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moti_Bagh_Palace \"Moti Bagh Palace\") [Nanak Shahi bricks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanak_Shahi_bricks \"Nanak Shahi bricks\") [Pul Kanjri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pul_Kanjri \"Pul Kanjri\") [Qila Mubarak, Patiala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qila_Mubarak,_Patiala \"Qila Mubarak, Patiala\") [Ramgarhia Bunga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ramgarhia_Bunga \"Ramgarhia Bunga\") [Samadhi of Ranjit Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samadhi_of_Ranjit_Singh \"Samadhi of Ranjit Singh\") [Well of Dina Nath](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Well_of_Dina_Nath \"Well of Dina Nath\") |\n| [By country](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_by_country \"Sikhism by country\") | [Diaspora](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_diaspora \"Sikh diaspora\") [Afghanistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Afghanistan \"Sikhism in Afghanistan\") [Australia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Australia \"Sikhism in Australia\") [Austria](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Austria \"Sikhism in Austria\") [Bangladesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Bangladesh \"Sikhism in Bangladesh\") [Belgium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Belgium \"Sikhism in Belgium\") [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Canada \"Sikhism in Canada\") [Vancouver](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Greater_Vancouver \"Sikhism in Greater Vancouver\") [China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_China \"Sikhism in China\") [Denmark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Denmark \"Sikhism in Denmark\") [Fiji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Fiji \"Sikhism in Fiji\") [Finland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Finland \"Sikhism in Finland\") [France](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_France \"Sikhism in France\") [Germany](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Germany \"Sikhism in Germany\") [Greece](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Greece \"Sikhism in Greece\") [India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_India \"Sikhism in India\") [Jammu and Kashmir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir \"Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir\") [Kochi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cochin_Sikhs \"Cochin Sikhs\") [Punjab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demographics_of_Punjab,_India#Sikhism_in_Punjab \"Demographics of Punjab, India\") [Indonesia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Indonesia \"Sikhism in Indonesia\") [Iran](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Iran \"Sikhism in Iran\") [Iraq](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Iraq \"Sikhism in Iraq\") [Italy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Italy \"Sikhism in Italy\") [Japan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Japan \"Sikhism in Japan\") [Malaysia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Malaysia \"Sikhism in Malaysia\") [Nepal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Nepal \"Sikhism in Nepal\") [Netherlands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_the_Netherlands \"Sikhism in the Netherlands\") [New Zealand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_New_Zealand \"Sikhism in New Zealand\") [Niue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Niue \"Sikhism in Niue\") [Norway](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Norway \"Sikhism in Norway\") [Pakistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Pakistan \"Sikhism in Pakistan\") [Panama](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Panama \"Sikhism in Panama\") [Poland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Poland \"Sikhism in Poland\") [Singapore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Singapore \"Sikhism in Singapore\") [South Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_South_Africa \"Sikhism in South Africa\") [South Korea](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_South_Korea \"Sikhism in South Korea\") [Sweden](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Sweden \"Sikhism in Sweden\") [Switzerland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Switzerland \"Sikhism in Switzerland\") [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Thailand \"Sikhism in Thailand\") [United Arab Emirates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates \"Sikhism in the United Arab Emirates\") [United Kingdom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom \"Sikhism in the United Kingdom\") [England](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_England \"Sikhism in England\") [Scotland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Scotland \"Sikhism in Scotland\") [Wales](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Wales \"Sikhism in Wales\") [Northern Ireland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_Northern_Ireland \"Sikhism in Northern Ireland\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism_in_the_United_States \"Sikhism in the United States\") [U.S. Military](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhs_in_the_United_States_military \"Sikhs in the United States military\") |\n| [Groups, sects and communities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh \"Sikh\") | [Sects of Sikhism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sects_of_Sikhism \"Sects of Sikhism\") [Khalsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khalsa \"Khalsa\") [Mina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mina_\\(Sikhism\\) \"Mina (Sikhism)\") [Namdhari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Namdhari \"Namdhari\") [Nanakpanthi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanakpanthi \"Nanakpanthi\") [Nihang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nihang \"Nihang\") [Nirankari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nirankari \"Nirankari\") [Sewapanthi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sewapanthi \"Sewapanthi\") [Nirmala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nirmala_\\(sect\\) \"Nirmala (sect)\") [Ramraiya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ramraiya \"Ramraiya\") [Udasi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Udasi \"Udasi\") [Mazhabi Sikh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mazhabi_Sikh \"Mazhabi Sikh\") [Piara Singh Bhaniara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piara_Singh_Bhaniara \"Piara Singh Bhaniara\") [Agrahari Sikh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Agrahari_Sikh \"Agrahari Sikh\") [Jatha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jatha \"Jatha\") [Damdami Taksal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Damdami_Taksal \"Damdami Taksal\") [Akhand Kirtani Jatha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Akhand_Kirtani_Jatha \"Akhand Kirtani Jatha\") [Singh Sabha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singh_Sabha \"Singh Sabha\") [Contemporary Sant Mat movements](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements \"Contemporary Sant Mat movements\") [3HO](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/3HO \"3HO\") |\n| [Sikh Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_Empire \"Sikh Empire\") |   |\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Sikh_Empire \"Template:Sikh Empire\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Sikh_Empire \"Template talk:Sikh Empire\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Sikh_Empire \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Sikh Empire\")[Sikh Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_Empire \"Sikh Empire\") |   |\n| Rulers | [Ranjit Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ranjit_Singh \"Ranjit Singh\") [Kharak Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kharak_Singh \"Kharak Singh\") [Nau Nihal Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nau_Nihal_Singh \"Nau Nihal Singh\") [Chand Kaur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chand_Kaur \"Chand Kaur\") [Sher Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sher_Singh \"Sher Singh\") [Jind Kaur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jind_Kaur \"Jind Kaur\") [Duleep Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duleep_Singh \"Duleep Singh\") |\n| Military conflicts |   |\n|   |   |\n| Mughal-Sikh Wars | [Battle of Bhangani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Bhangani \"Battle of Bhangani\") [Nadaun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Nadaun \"Battle of Nadaun\") [Basoli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Basoli \"Battle of Basoli\") [1st Anandpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Battle_of_Anandpur \"First Battle of Anandpur\") [2nd Anandpur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Battle_of_Anandpur \"Second Battle of Anandpur\") [Chamkaur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chamkaur_\\(1704\\) \"Battle of Chamkaur (1704)\") [Sarsa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sarsa \"Battle of Sarsa\") [Muktsar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Muktsar \"Battle of Muktsar\") [Sonepat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sonepat \"Battle of Sonepat\") [Samana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Samana \"Battle of Samana\") [Sirhind](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Sirhind \"Siege of Sirhind\") [Sadhaura](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sadhaura \"Battle of Sadhaura\") [Chappar Chiri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri \"Battle of Chappar Chiri\") [Rahon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Rahon_\\(1710\\) \"Battle of Rahon (1710)\") [Lohgarh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Lohgarh \"Battle of Lohgarh\") [Jalalabad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Jalalabad_\\(1710\\) \"Battle of Jalalabad (1710)\") [Jammu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Jammu \"Battle of Jammu\") [Gurdas Nangal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Gurdas_Nangal \"Battle of Gurdas Nangal\") [Delhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Delhi_\\(1783\\) \"Battle of Delhi (1783)\") |\n| [Afghan–Sikh wars](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afghan%E2%80%93Sikh_wars \"Afghan–Sikh wars\") | [Battle of Attock](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Attock \"Battle of Attock\") [Battle of Multan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Multan_\\(1818\\) \"Siege of Multan (1818)\") [Battle of Shopian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Shopian \"Battle of Shopian\") [Battle of Nowshera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Nowshera \"Battle of Nowshera\") [Battle of Peshawar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Peshawar_\\(1834\\) \"Battle of Peshawar (1834)\") [Battle of Jamrud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Jamrud \"Battle of Jamrud\") |\n| [First Anglo-Sikh War](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Anglo-Sikh_War \"First Anglo-Sikh War\") | [Battle of Mudki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Mudki \"Battle of Mudki\") [Battle of Ferozeshah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Ferozeshah \"Battle of Ferozeshah\") [Battle of Aliwal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Aliwal \"Battle of Aliwal\") [Battle of Sobraon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Sobraon \"Battle of Sobraon\") |\n| [Second Anglo-Sikh War](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War \"Second Anglo-Sikh War\") | [Battle of Ramnagar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Ramnagar \"Battle of Ramnagar\") [Battle of Chillianwala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Chillianwala \"Battle of Chillianwala\") [Siege of Multan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Multan_\\(1848%E2%80%931849\\) \"Siege of Multan (1848–1849)\") [Battle of Gujrat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Gujrat \"Battle of Gujrat\") |\n| Others | [Nepal–Sikh War](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepal%E2%80%93Sikh_War \"Nepal–Sikh War\"), [Sino-Sikh war](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dogra%E2%80%93Tibetan_War \"Dogra–Tibetan War\"), Katoch–Sikh War, Hill States–Sikh Wars, [Panchayati Revolution](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Panchayati_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Panchayati Revolution (page does not exist)\"), [List of battles involving the Sikh Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_battles_involving_the_Sikh_Empire \"List of battles involving the Sikh Empire\") |\n| Military forces | [Sikh Khalsa Army](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_Khalsa_Army \"Sikh Khalsa Army\") [Fauj-i-Khas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fauj-i-Khas \"Fauj-i-Khas\") [Fauj-i-Ain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fauj-i-Ain \"Fauj-i-Ain\") [Kampu-i-mu'alla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kampu-i-mu%27alla \"Kampu-i-mu'alla\") |\n| Adversaries | [Mughal Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mughal_Empire \"Mughal Empire\") [Durrani Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Durrani_Empire \"Durrani Empire\") [Emirate of Afghanistan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emirate_of_Afghanistan \"Emirate of Afghanistan\") [British East India Company](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_India_Company \"East India Company\") [Kingdom of Nepal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Nepal \"Kingdom of Nepal\") [Qing Empire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qing_dynasty \"Qing dynasty\") [Hill States Alliance](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hill_States_of_India \"Hill States of India\") [Kingdom of Mankera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Mankera \"Kingdom of Mankera\") [Namgyal dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh \"Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh\") [Barakzai dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barakzai_dynasty \"Barakzai dynasty\") [Sudhans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudhan \"Sudhan\") of Poonch [Maqpon Dynasty](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maqpon_Dynasty \"Maqpon Dynasty\") |\n| Forts | [Jamrud Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamrud_Fort \"Jamrud Fort\") [Multan Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multan_Fort \"Multan Fort\") [Harkishangarh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harkishangarh \"Harkishangarh\") [Lahore Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lahore_Fort \"Lahore Fort\") [Zorawar Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zorawar_Fort \"Zorawar Fort\") [Bahu Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahu_Fort \"Bahu Fort\") [Gobindgarh Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gobindgarh_Fort \"Gobindgarh Fort\") [Phillaur Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phillaur_Fort \"Phillaur Fort\") [Firozpur Fort](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firozpur_Fort \"Firozpur Fort\") |\n| Officials and warriors |   |\n|   |   |\n| Natives | [Dhian Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dhian_Singh \"Dhian Singh\") [Diwan Dina Nath](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Dina_Nath \"Diwan Dina Nath\") [Diwan Bhawani Das](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Bhawani_Das \"Diwan Bhawani Das\") [Diwan Buta Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Buta_Singh \"Diwan Buta Singh\") [Pratap Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pratap_Singh_\\(Sikh_prince\\) \"Pratap Singh (Sikh prince)\") [Misr Diwan Chand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Misr_Diwan_Chand \"Misr Diwan Chand\") [Diwan Mulraj](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Mulraj_Chopra \"Diwan Mulraj Chopra\") [Hari Singh Nalwa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hari_Singh_Nalwa \"Hari Singh Nalwa\") [Mahan Singh Mirpuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mahan_Singh_Mirpuri \"Mahan Singh Mirpuri\") [Dewan Mokham Chand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dewan_Mokham_Chand \"Dewan Mokham Chand\") [Khushal Singh Jamadar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar \"Khushal Singh Jamadar\") [Zorawar Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zorawar_Singh_\\(Dogra_general\\) \"Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)\") [Tej Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tej_Singh \"Tej Singh\") [Lal Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lal_Singh \"Lal Singh\") [Gulab Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulab_Singh \"Gulab Singh\") [Balbhadra Kunwar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balbhadra_Kunwar \"Balbhadra Kunwar\") [Jawahar Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jawahar_Singh_\\(wazir\\) \"Jawahar Singh (wazir)\") [Mehta Basti Ram](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mehta_Basti_Ram \"Mehta Basti Ram\") [Sham Singh Attariwalla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sham_Singh_Attariwalla \"Sham Singh Attariwalla\") [Sher Singh Attariwalla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sher_Singh_Attariwalla \"Sher Singh Attariwalla\") [Chattar Singh Attariwalla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chattar_Singh_Attariwalla \"Chattar Singh Attariwalla\") [Desa Singh Majithia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Desa_Singh_Majithia \"Desa Singh Majithia\") [Amar Singh Majithia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amar_Singh_Majithia \"Amar Singh Majithia\") [Lehna Singh Majithia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lehna_Singh_Majithia \"Lehna Singh Majithia\") [Ranjodh Singh Majithia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ranjodh_Singh_Majithia \"Ranjodh Singh Majithia\") [Surat Singh Majithia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surat_Singh \"Surat Singh\") [Mangal Singh Ramgarhia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mangal_Singh_Ramgarhia \"Mangal Singh Ramgarhia\") [Akali Phula Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Akali_Phula_Singh \"Akali Phula Singh\") [Chandu Lal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chandu_Lal \"Chandu Lal\") [Ajit Singh Sandhawalia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ajit_Singh_Sandhawalia \"Ajit Singh Sandhawalia\") [Kahan Singh Nakai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kahan_Singh_Nakai \"Kahan Singh Nakai\") [Sangat Singh Saini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sangat_Singh_Saini \"Sangat Singh Saini\") [Hukma Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sardar_Hukma_Singh \"Sardar Hukma Singh\") [Veer Singh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veer_Singh_Dhillon \"Veer Singh Dhillon\") [Jarnail Ghaus Khan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jarnail_Ghaus_Khan \"Jarnail Ghaus Khan\") [Ilahi Bakhsh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilahi_Bakhsh \"Ilahi Bakhsh\") [Fakir Azizuddin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fakir_Azizuddin \"Fakir Azizuddin\") [Sultan Mahmud Khan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sultan_Mahmud_Khan \"Sultan Mahmud Khan\") [Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malik_Fateh_Khan_Tiwana \"Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana\") [Sohan Lal Suri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sohan_Lal_Suri \"Sohan Lal Suri\") [Moti Ram](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moti_Ram \"Moti Ram\") [Diwan Ram Dayal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Ram_Dayal \"Diwan Ram Dayal\") [Diwan Kirpa Ram](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diwan_Kirpa_Ram \"Diwan Kirpa Ram\") |\n| [Foreigners](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foreign_officials_of_the_Sikh_Empire \"Foreign officials of the Sikh Empire\") | [Jean-François Allard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Allard \"Jean-François Allard\") [Jean-Baptiste Ventura](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Baptiste_Ventura \"Jean-Baptiste Ventura\") [Claude Auguste Court](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Claude_Auguste_Court \"Claude Auguste Court\") [François Henri Mouton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fran%C3%A7ois_Henri_Mouton \"François Henri Mouton\") [Alexander Gardner](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Gardner_\\(soldier\\) \"Alexander Gardner (soldier)\") [Paolo Avitabile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paolo_Avitabile \"Paolo Avitabile\") [Josiah Harlan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josiah_Harlan \"Josiah Harlan\") [Johann Martin Honigberger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johann_Martin_Honigberger \"Johann Martin Honigberger\") [Henry Lawrence](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Lawrence_\\(Indian_Army_officer\\) \"Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)\") |\n| Influential families | [Sandhawalia family](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sandhawalia \"Sandhawalia\") [Majithia family](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Majithia_family \"Majithia family\") [Tiwana family](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiwana_family_of_Shahpur \"Tiwana family of Shahpur\") [Mian family](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mian_family_of_Baghbanpura \"Mian family of Baghbanpura\") |\n| Treaties | [Treaty of Amritsar (1809)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Amritsar_\\(1809\\) \"Treaty of Amritsar (1809)\") [Tripartite Treaty (1838)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tripartite_Treaty_\\(1838\\) \"Tripartite Treaty (1838)\") [Treaty of Chushul (1842)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Chushul \"Treaty of Chushul\") [Treaty of Lahore (1846)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Lahore \"Treaty of Lahore\") [Treaty of Amritsar (1846)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Amritsar_\\(1846\\) \"Treaty of Amritsar (1846)\") |\n| Miscellaneous | [Khalsa Darbar records](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khalsa_Darbar_records \"Khalsa Darbar records\") |\n| [Festivals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikh_festivals \"Sikh festivals\") 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Boilerpipe Text	One of the Five Evils of Sikhism Moh ( Punjabi : ਮੋਹ mōha ; Sanskrit : muh [ 1 ] ) is a word in Punjabi and Sanskrit which describes attachment to worldly possessions or individuals. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ] It is one of the five thieves within Sikh philosophy which hinder one's spiritual development. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ] The term has been translated by Harbans Singh as meaning: “to become stupefied, to be bewildered or perplexed, to err, to be mistaken”. [ 1 ] It is defined in ancient Indic texts for perplexity or confusion and for the cause of confusion, that namely being, avidya or ajnana (ignorance or illusion). [ 1 ] It is called aaskti "आसक्ति" in Hindi, which is considered a root cause for राग द्वेष "all the sorrows in life". [ citation needed ] In Hindu religious texts it is a cause of ignorance अज्ञान which is due to worldly illusion माया ( maya ). [ citation needed ] In another context, it stands for “the snare of worldly illusion, infatuation.” [ 1 ] Its purpose has two elements: it obscures the discernment of truth, prevents the perception of reality, and it creates an error of judgement or leads to wrong knowledge ( mithya jnana ). [ 1 ] Humans believe in an eternal reality of their own existence or ego; they see truth in what is false and seek happiness in what brings suffering. [ 1 ] In Punjabi moh generally means love of and attachment to worldly things and relations. In Sikh scripture , the term frequently occurs coupled with maya ( maia ) as maya-moh interpreted both as infatuation for or clinging to the illusory world of the senses and as illusion of worldly love and attachment. [ 1 ] Sikh interpretation of maya , however, differs from that of classical, Advaita philosophy, which considers the phenomenal world unreal and therefore an illusion caused by human ignorance. [ 1 ] In Sikhism , the visible world is a manifestation of God and is therefore real; yet it is not satya or true in the sense of immutable and eternal. [ 1 ] This world of mass, form and movement woven into the warp and weft of time and space is God's play created at His pleasure and is as such real and sacred; but it represents only one transient aspect and not Ultimate Reality. [ 1 ] Maya is not an illusion in the sense of a mirage, a factual nullity; it is a delusion which represents transient as permanent and a part as the whole. [ 1 ] Moh for maya, i.e. for this transient world of the senses, hinders the soul's search for its ultimate goal and is, therefore, one of the Five Evils. [ 1 ] It is related, on the one hand, to kam (desire, love) and lobh (possessiveness, covetousness) and, on the other, to ahankar (sense of I, my and mine). [ 1 ] That is how moh has been referred to as a net, maiajal . [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Guru Nanak advises shedding of moh as it is the source of all evil and a cause for repeated births and deaths. [ 5 ] Moh prevents the union of the human soul with the Divine , such a state of spiritual union is known as Sehaj . [ 3 ] The antidote to moh is non-attachment ( vairāg ). [ 1 ] This is not easy, for the Gurus preach active participation in life rather than renunciation and escapism. [ 1 ] Ultimately, all depends on nadar or God's grace. [ 1 ] Says Guru Nanak “ nadari kare ta ehu mohu jai —by (His) grace alone will this moh be cancelled”. [ 5 ] [ 1 ] The right remedy is the understanding ( gian ) that the mundane world, its relations and affairs, demanding one's participation and involvement are transient. [ 1 ] Non-attachment thus is not non-action, but an attitude to action characterized by Guru Nanak as that of a bajigar , participant in a sport. [ 1 ] The world, says Guru Nanak in a hymn in Maru measure, “is like a seasonal pastureland where one passeth but a few days. . . Like the bajigar one plays one’s part here and departs”. [ 6 ] [ 1 ] A common and repeating theme in gurbani describing the ideal life is that of the lotus which, although living in water, keeps its head above it without allowing itself to be submerged. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] The symbolism of the lotus is repeated throughout the hymns of the Gurus as a state to aspire to in-order to keep away the ill-effects of Moh upon the spiritual seeker. [ 3 ] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Singh, Harbans (2011). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism . Vol. 3: M-R (3rd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 111– 112. ISBN 978-81-7380-349-9 . ^ a b Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001). The Making of Sikh Scripture . Oxford University Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780198029878 . In addition, Guru Nanak urges human beings to avoid lust (kam), anger (krodh), greed (lobh), attachment (moh) ... These are called the "five thieves" (panj chor), and the need to control them is a repeated theme in Guru Nanak's hymns; ... ^ a b c d e Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (2005). A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy . Routledge. pp. 84– 85. ISBN 9781135797607 . Guru Amar Das stated, 'Within this body are hidden five thieves: they are lust, wrath, greed, attachment and egoism. They steal away the nectar within us ... In Punjabi the names of the five vices are, kam, krodh, lobh, moh, and hankar. ... Attachment is more in need of examination, being perhaps unfamiliar to the western mind. It means clinging to anyone or thing which prevents someone from becoming united with the one being who can provide eternal union, sahaj, God. Thus Guru Nanak wrote, 'Abandon love of family and of all affairs. Leave aside love of the world, it is a waste of time. Forsake worldly love and superstition, brother, it is all a waste of time' (AG 356). He uses the familiar Indian symbol of the lotus which can survive in a murky pond, its beauty unspoiled by the filth which surrounds it to illustrates the idea of non-attachment: 'As the lotus lives detached in water, as the duck floats carefree on the stream, so one crosses the sea of material existence with the mind attuned to the Word. Live detached, shorn of hope, living in the midst of hope' (AG 938). ^ GG, 266 ^ a b GG, 356 ^ GG, 1023 Sabadarth Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Amritsar, 1969 Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs. Patiala, 1970 Sher Singh, The Philosophy of Sikhism. Lahore, 1944
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Please help to [improve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability "Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability") this article by [introducing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite "Wikipedia:When to cite") more precise citations. (December 2019) ([Learn how and when to remove this message](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal "Help:Maintenance template removal")) \| \| \| \| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg) \| This article's [lead section](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section") may be too short to adequately [summarize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style "Wikipedia:Summary style") the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to [provide an accessible overview](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section") of all important aspects of the article. (November 2022) \| \| [Sikh beliefs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_philosophy "Sikh philosophy") \| \|---\| \| 1a. [Simran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simran "Simran") (spiritual contemplation) 1b. [Sewa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfless_service "Selfless service") (selfless service) 2\. [Three Pillars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism "Three pillars of Sikhism") 2a. [Naam Japo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naam_Japo "Naam Japo") (contemplating God's names) Meditating on God's name to control the five evils and living a satisfying life. 2b. [Kirat Karo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirat_Karo "Kirat Karo") (work diligently) Earning/making a living honestly, without exploitation or fraud 2c. [Vand Chhako](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vand_Chhako "Vand Chhako") Sharing with others, helping those with less or those who are in need 3\. [Five Thieves](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Thieves "Five Thieves") 3a. [Kaam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaam "Kaam") (lust) 3b. [Krodh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krodh "Krodh") (anger) 3c. [Lobh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobh "Lobh") (greed) 3d. [Moh]() (attachment, e.g. to material things or people) 3e. [Hankaar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hankaar "Hankaar") (ego, pride) 4\. [Five Virtues](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Virtues "Five Virtues") 4a. [Sat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya#Sikhism "Satya") (truth) 4b. [Santokh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santokh "Santokh") (contentment) 4c. [Daya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daya_\(Sikhism\) "Daya (Sikhism)") (compassion) 4d. [Nimrata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrata "Nimrata") (humility) 4e. [Pyaar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyaar "Pyaar") (love) 5\. [Four Treasures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padarath "Padarath") \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:SikhBeliefs "Template:SikhBeliefs") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:SikhBeliefs "Template talk:SikhBeliefs") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SikhBeliefs "Special:EditPage/Template:SikhBeliefs") \| \| \| \|---\| \| [Five Evils](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Evils "Five Evils") \| \| 1\. [Kam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kam "Kam") (Lust) 2. [Krodh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krodh "Krodh") (Rage) 3. [Lobh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobh "Lobh") (Greed) 4. [Moh]() (Attachment) 5. [Ahankar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahankar "Ahankar") (Ego) \| Moh ([Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language"): ਮੋਹ mōha; [Sanskrit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit "Sanskrit"): muh[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)) is a word in Punjabi and Sanskrit which describes attachment to worldly possessions or individuals.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:1-2)[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is one of the [five thieves](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_thieves "Five thieves") within Sikh philosophy which hinder one's spiritual development.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:1-2)[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:2-3)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) ## Definition \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Definition")\] The term has been translated by [Harbans Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbans_Singh "Harbans Singh") as meaning: “to become stupefied, to be bewildered or perplexed, to err, to be mistaken”.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is defined in ancient Indic texts for perplexity or confusion and for the cause of confusion, that namely being, avidya or ajnana (ignorance or illusion).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is called aaskti "आसक्ति" in Hindi, which is considered a root cause for राग द्वेष "all the sorrows in life".\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] In Hindu religious texts it is a cause of ignorance अज्ञान which is due to worldly illusion माया (maya).\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] In another context, it stands for “the snare of worldly illusion, infatuation.”[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Its purpose has two elements: it obscures the discernment of truth, prevents the perception of reality, and it creates an error of judgement or leads to wrong knowledge (mithya jnana).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Humans believe in an eternal reality of their own existence or ego; they see truth in what is false and seek happiness in what brings suffering.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) In [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") moh generally means love of and attachment to worldly things and relations. ## Description \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Description")\] In [Sikh scripture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Scripture "Sikh Scripture"), the term frequently occurs coupled with [maya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_\(illusion\) "Maya (illusion)") (maia) as maya-moh interpreted both as infatuation for or clinging to the illusory world of the senses and as illusion of worldly love and attachment.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Sikh interpretation of maya, however, differs from that of classical, [Advaita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta "Advaita Vedanta") philosophy, which considers the phenomenal world unreal and therefore an illusion caused by human ignorance.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) In [Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism "Sikhism"), the visible world is a manifestation of God and is therefore real; yet it is not satya or true in the sense of immutable and eternal.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) This world of mass, form and movement woven into the [warp and weft](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_and_weft "Warp and weft") of time and space is God's play created at His pleasure and is as such real and sacred; but it represents only one transient aspect and not Ultimate Reality.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Maya is not an illusion in the sense of a mirage, a factual nullity; it is a delusion which represents transient as permanent and a part as the whole.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Moh for maya, i.e. for this transient world of the senses, hinders the soul's search for its ultimate goal and is, therefore, one of the Five Evils.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) It is related, on the one hand, to kam (desire, love) and lobh (possessiveness, covetousness) and, on the other, to ahankar (sense of I, my and mine).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) That is how moh has been referred to as a net, maiajal.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-4) [Guru Nanak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanak "Guru Nanak") advises shedding of moh as it is the source of all evil and a cause for repeated births and deaths.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-GG,_356-5) Moh prevents the union of the human soul with [the Divine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_in_Sikhism "God in Sikhism"), such a state of spiritual union is known as [Sehaj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahaja "Sahaja").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:2-3) ### Solution \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Solution")\] The antidote to moh is non-attachment (vairāg).[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) This is not easy, for the [Gurus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurus "Gurus") preach active participation in life rather than renunciation and escapism.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Ultimately, all depends on nadar or God's grace.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Says [Guru Nanak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanak "Guru Nanak") “nadari kare ta ehu mohu jai—by (His) grace alone will this moh be cancelled”.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-GG,_356-5)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) The right remedy is the understanding (gian) that the mundane world, its relations and affairs, demanding one's participation and involvement are transient.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) Non-attachment thus is not non-action, but an attitude to action characterized by Guru Nanak as that of a bajigar, participant in a sport.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) The world, says Guru Nanak in a hymn in Maru measure, “is like a seasonal pastureland where one passeth but a few days. . . Like the bajigar one plays one’s part here and departs”.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-6)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1) A common and repeating theme in [gurbani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbani "Gurbani") describing the ideal life is that of the [lotus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_known_as_lotus "List of plants known as lotus") which, although living in water, keeps its head above it without allowing itself to be submerged.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:3-1)[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:2-3) The symbolism of the lotus is repeated throughout the hymns of the Gurus as a state to aspire to in-order to keep away the ill-effects of Moh upon the spiritual seeker.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_note-:2-3) ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: References")\] 1. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-2) [d](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-3) [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-4) [f](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-5) [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-6) [h](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-7) [i](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-8) [j](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-9) [k](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-10) [l](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-11) [m](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-12) [n](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-13) [o](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-14) [p](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-15) [q](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-16) [r](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-17) [s](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-18) [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-19) [u](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-20) [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-21) [w](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-22) [x](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:3_1-23) Singh, Harbans (2011). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. Vol. 3: M-R (3rd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 111–112\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-81-7380-349-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7380-349-9 "Special:BookSources/978-81-7380-349-9") . 2. ^ [a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:1_2-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:1_2-1) Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001). The Making of Sikh Scripture. Oxford University Press. p. 140. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [9780198029878](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198029878 "Special:BookSources/9780198029878") . "In addition, Guru Nanak urges human beings to avoid lust (kam), anger (krodh), greed (lobh), attachment (moh) ... These are called the "five thieves" (panj chor), and the need to control them is a repeated theme in Guru Nanak's hymns; ..." 3. ^ [a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-2) [d](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-3) [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-:2_3-4) Cole, W. Owen; Sambhi, Piara Singh (2005). A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy. Routledge. pp. 84–85\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [9781135797607](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135797607 "Special:BookSources/9781135797607") . "Guru Amar Das stated, 'Within this body are hidden five thieves: they are lust, wrath, greed, attachment and egoism. They steal away the nectar within us ... In Punjabi the names of the five vices are, kam, krodh, lobh, moh, and hankar. ... Attachment is more in need of examination, being perhaps unfamiliar to the western mind. It means clinging to anyone or thing which prevents someone from becoming united with the one being who can provide eternal union, sahaj, God. Thus Guru Nanak wrote, 'Abandon love of family and of all affairs. Leave aside love of the world, it is a waste of time. Forsake worldly love and superstition, brother, it is all a waste of time' (AG 356). He uses the familiar Indian symbol of the lotus which can survive in a murky pond, its beauty unspoiled by the filth which surrounds it to illustrates the idea of non-attachment: 'As the lotus lives detached in water, as the duck floats carefree on the stream, so one crosses the sea of material existence with the mind attuned to the Word. Live detached, shorn of hope, living in the midst of hope' (AG 938)." 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-4)* GG, 266 5. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-GG,_356_5-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-GG,_356_5-1) GG, 356 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh#cite_ref-6)* GG, 1023 ### Bibliography \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Bibliography")\] - Sabadarth Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Amritsar, 1969 - Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs. Patiala, 1970 - Sher Singh, The Philosophy of Sikhism. Lahore, 1944 ## Further reading \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moh&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Further reading")\] - [Concepts In Sikhism - Edited by Dr. Surinder Singh Sodhi](https://web.archive.org/web/20090223193214/http://www.globalsikhstudies.net/r_link/articles.htm) \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sikhism "Template:Sikhism") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Sikhism "Template talk:Sikhism") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism "Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism")[Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism "Sikhism") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [Glossary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_Sikhism "Glossary of Sikhism") and [History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sikhism "History of Sikhism") \| \| \| [Gurus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_gurus "Sikh gurus") \| [Guru Nanak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanak "Guru Nanak") [Guru Angad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Angad "Guru Angad") [Guru Amar Das](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Amar_Das "Guru Amar Das") [Guru Ram Das](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Ram_Das "Guru Ram Das") [Guru Arjan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Arjan "Guru Arjan") [Guru Hargobind](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Hargobind "Guru Hargobind") [Guru Har Rai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Har_Rai "Guru Har Rai") [Guru Har Krishan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Har_Krishan "Guru Har Krishan") [Guru Tegh Bahadur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur "Guru Tegh Bahadur") [Guru Gobind Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh "Guru Gobind Singh") [Guru Granth Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib "Guru Granth Sahib") (Sikh holy book) \| \| [Philosophy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_philosophy "Sikh philosophy") \| [Beliefs and principles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_philosophy "Sikh philosophy") [Guru Maneyo Granth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Maneyo_Granth "Guru Maneyo Granth") [Sikh Rehat Maryada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Rehat_Maryada "Sikh Rehat Maryada") [The 52 Hukams](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_52_Hukams_of_Guru_Gobind_Singh "The 52 Hukams of Guru Gobind Singh") [Prohibitions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibitions_in_Sikhism "Prohibitions in Sikhism") [Cannabis and Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_and_Sikhism "Cannabis and Sikhism") [Diet in Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism "Diet in Sikhism") \| \| [Practices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_practices "Category:Sikh practices") \| [Khalsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa "Khalsa") [Sikh practices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_practices "Sikh practices") [Sikh rites](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_rites "Sikh rites") [Ardās](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ard%C4%81s "Ardās") [Kirtan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirtan "Kirtan") [Langar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langar_\(Sikhism\) "Langar (Sikhism)") [Naam Karan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naam_Karan "Naam Karan") [Anand Karaj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand_Karaj "Anand Karaj") [Amrit Sanchar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrit_Sanchar "Amrit Sanchar") [Amrit Velā](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrit_Vel%C4%81 "Amrit Velā") [Antam Sanskar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antam_Sanskar "Antam Sanskar") [Three Pillars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism "Three pillars of Sikhism") [Kirat Karo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirat_Karo "Kirat Karo") [Naam Japo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naam_Japo "Naam Japo") [Vand Chhako](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vand_Chhako "Vand Chhako") [The Five Ks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Five_Ks "The Five Ks") [Simran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simran "Simran") [Sewa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seva_\(Indian_religions\) "Seva (Indian religions)") [Charhdi Kala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charhdi_Kala "Charhdi Kala") [Dasvand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasvand "Dasvand") [Jhatka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jhatka "Jhatka") \| \| [Scripture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_scripture "Category:Sikh scripture") \| [Guru Granth Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib "Guru Granth Sahib") [Dasam Granth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasam_Granth "Dasam Granth") [Sarbloh Granth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarbloh_Granth "Sarbloh Granth") [Gurbani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbani "Gurbani") [Mul Mantar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mul_Mantar "Mul Mantar") [Japji Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japji_Sahib "Japji Sahib") [Chaupai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaupai_\(Sikhism\) "Chaupai (Sikhism)") [Jaap Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaap_Sahib "Jaap Sahib") [Rehras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehras "Rehras") [Sukhmani Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhmani_Sahib "Sukhmani Sahib") [Tav-Prasad Savaiye](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tav-Prasad_Savaiye "Tav-Prasad Savaiye") \| \| [Architecture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_architecture "Sikh architecture") \| [Gurdwara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurdwara "Gurdwara") [Harmandir Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Temple "Golden Temple") [Janam Asthan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurdwara_Janam_Asthan "Gurdwara Janam Asthan") [Darbar Sahib Kartarpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurdwara_Darbar_Sahib_Kartarpur "Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur") [List](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras "List of gurdwaras") [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Africa "List of gurdwaras") [Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Asia "List of gurdwaras") [Europe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Europe "List of gurdwaras") [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#North_America "List of gurdwaras") [Bahadurgarh Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahadurgarh_Fort "Bahadurgarh Fort") [Fateh Burj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fateh_Burj "Fateh Burj") [Hazuri Bagh Baradari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazuri_Bagh_Baradari "Hazuri Bagh Baradari") [Kesgarh Qila](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesgarh_Qila "Kesgarh Qila") [Khanda museum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanda_museum "Khanda museum") [Moti Bagh Palace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moti_Bagh_Palace "Moti Bagh Palace") [Nanak Shahi bricks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanak_Shahi_bricks "Nanak Shahi bricks") [Pul Kanjri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pul_Kanjri "Pul Kanjri") [Qila Mubarak, Patiala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qila_Mubarak,_Patiala "Qila Mubarak, Patiala") [Ramgarhia Bunga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramgarhia_Bunga "Ramgarhia Bunga") [Samadhi of Ranjit Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samadhi_of_Ranjit_Singh "Samadhi of Ranjit Singh") [Well of Dina Nath](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well_of_Dina_Nath "Well of Dina Nath") \| \| [By country](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_by_country "Sikhism by country") \| [Diaspora](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_diaspora "Sikh diaspora") [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Afghanistan "Sikhism in Afghanistan") [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Australia "Sikhism in Australia") [Austria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Austria "Sikhism in Austria") [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Bangladesh "Sikhism in Bangladesh") [Belgium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Belgium "Sikhism in Belgium") [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada "Sikhism in Canada") [Vancouver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greater_Vancouver "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver") [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_China "Sikhism in China") [Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Denmark "Sikhism in Denmark") [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Fiji "Sikhism in Fiji") [Finland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Finland "Sikhism in Finland") [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_France "Sikhism in France") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Germany "Sikhism in Germany") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greece "Sikhism in Greece") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_India "Sikhism in India") [Jammu and Kashmir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir "Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir") [Kochi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochin_Sikhs "Cochin Sikhs") [Punjab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Punjab,_India#Sikhism_in_Punjab "Demographics of Punjab, India") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Indonesia "Sikhism in Indonesia") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iran "Sikhism in Iran") [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iraq "Sikhism in Iraq") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Italy "Sikhism in Italy") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Japan "Sikhism in Japan") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Malaysia "Sikhism in Malaysia") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Nepal "Sikhism in Nepal") [Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_Netherlands "Sikhism in the Netherlands") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_New_Zealand "Sikhism in New Zealand") [Niue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Niue "Sikhism in Niue") [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Norway "Sikhism in Norway") [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Pakistan "Sikhism in Pakistan") [Panama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Panama "Sikhism in Panama") [Poland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Poland "Sikhism in Poland") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Singapore "Sikhism in Singapore") [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Africa "Sikhism in South Africa") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Korea "Sikhism in South Korea") [Sweden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Sweden "Sikhism in Sweden") [Switzerland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Switzerland "Sikhism in Switzerland") [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Thailand "Sikhism in Thailand") [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "Sikhism in the United Arab Emirates") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom "Sikhism in the United Kingdom") [England](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_England "Sikhism in England") [Scotland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Scotland "Sikhism in Scotland") [Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales "Sikhism in Wales") [Northern Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_Northern_Ireland "Sikhism in Northern Ireland") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_States "Sikhism in the United States") [U.S. Military](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_United_States_military "Sikhs in the United States military") \| \| [Groups, sects and communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh "Sikh") \| [Sects of Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism "Sects of Sikhism") [Khalsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa "Khalsa") [Mina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mina_\(Sikhism\) "Mina (Sikhism)") [Namdhari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namdhari "Namdhari") [Nanakpanthi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanakpanthi "Nanakpanthi") [Nihang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihang "Nihang") [Nirankari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirankari "Nirankari") [Sewapanthi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewapanthi "Sewapanthi") [Nirmala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirmala_\(sect\) "Nirmala (sect)") [Ramraiya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramraiya "Ramraiya") [Udasi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udasi "Udasi") [Mazhabi Sikh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazhabi_Sikh "Mazhabi Sikh") [Piara Singh Bhaniara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piara_Singh_Bhaniara "Piara Singh Bhaniara") [Agrahari Sikh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrahari_Sikh "Agrahari Sikh") [Jatha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatha "Jatha") [Damdami Taksal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damdami_Taksal "Damdami Taksal") [Akhand Kirtani Jatha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhand_Kirtani_Jatha "Akhand Kirtani Jatha") [Singh Sabha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singh_Sabha "Singh Sabha") [Contemporary Sant Mat movements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements "Contemporary Sant Mat movements") [3HO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3HO "3HO") \| \| [Sikh Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Empire "Sikh Empire") \| \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sikh_Empire "Template:Sikh Empire") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Sikh_Empire "Template talk:Sikh Empire") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh_Empire "Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh Empire")[Sikh Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Empire "Sikh Empire") \| \| \| Rulers \| [Ranjit Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranjit_Singh "Ranjit Singh") [Kharak Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharak_Singh "Kharak Singh") [Nau Nihal Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nau_Nihal_Singh "Nau Nihal Singh") [Chand Kaur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chand_Kaur "Chand Kaur") [Sher Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sher_Singh "Sher Singh") [Jind Kaur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jind_Kaur "Jind Kaur") [Duleep Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duleep_Singh "Duleep Singh") \| \| Military conflicts \| \| \| \| \| \| Mughal-Sikh Wars \| [Battle of Bhangani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bhangani "Battle of Bhangani") [Nadaun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nadaun "Battle of Nadaun") [Basoli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Basoli "Battle of Basoli") [1st Anandpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Anandpur "First Battle of Anandpur") [2nd Anandpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Anandpur "Second Battle of Anandpur") [Chamkaur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chamkaur_\(1704\) "Battle of Chamkaur (1704)") [Sarsa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sarsa "Battle of Sarsa") [Muktsar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Muktsar "Battle of Muktsar") [Sonepat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sonepat "Battle of Sonepat") [Samana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Samana "Battle of Samana") [Sirhind](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Sirhind "Siege of Sirhind") [Sadhaura](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sadhaura "Battle of Sadhaura") [Chappar Chiri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri "Battle of Chappar Chiri") [Rahon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Rahon_\(1710\) "Battle of Rahon (1710)") [Lohgarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lohgarh "Battle of Lohgarh") [Jalalabad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jalalabad_\(1710\) "Battle of Jalalabad (1710)") [Jammu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jammu "Battle of Jammu") [Gurdas Nangal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gurdas_Nangal "Battle of Gurdas Nangal") [Delhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_\(1783\) "Battle of Delhi (1783)") \| \| [Afghan–Sikh wars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan%E2%80%93Sikh_wars "Afghan–Sikh wars") \| [Battle of Attock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Attock "Battle of Attock") [Battle of Multan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Multan_\(1818\) "Siege of Multan (1818)") [Battle of Shopian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Shopian "Battle of Shopian") [Battle of Nowshera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nowshera "Battle of Nowshera") [Battle of Peshawar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Peshawar_\(1834\) "Battle of Peshawar (1834)") [Battle of Jamrud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jamrud "Battle of Jamrud") \| \| [First Anglo-Sikh War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War "First Anglo-Sikh War") \| [Battle of Mudki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mudki "Battle of Mudki") [Battle of Ferozeshah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ferozeshah "Battle of Ferozeshah") [Battle of Aliwal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Aliwal "Battle of Aliwal") [Battle of Sobraon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sobraon "Battle of Sobraon") \| \| [Second Anglo-Sikh War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War "Second Anglo-Sikh War") \| [Battle of Ramnagar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ramnagar "Battle of Ramnagar") [Battle of Chillianwala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chillianwala "Battle of Chillianwala") [Siege of Multan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Multan_\(1848%E2%80%931849\) "Siege of Multan (1848–1849)") [Battle of Gujrat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gujrat "Battle of Gujrat") \| \| Others \| [Nepal–Sikh War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Sikh_War "Nepal–Sikh War"), [Sino-Sikh war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogra%E2%80%93Tibetan_War "Dogra–Tibetan War"), Katoch–Sikh War, Hill States–Sikh Wars, [Panchayati Revolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panchayati_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1 "Panchayati Revolution (page does not exist)"), [List of battles involving the Sikh Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_involving_the_Sikh_Empire "List of battles involving the Sikh Empire") \| \| Military forces \| [Sikh Khalsa Army](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Khalsa_Army "Sikh Khalsa Army") [Fauj-i-Khas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauj-i-Khas "Fauj-i-Khas") [Fauj-i-Ain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauj-i-Ain "Fauj-i-Ain") [Kampu-i-mu'alla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampu-i-mu%27alla "Kampu-i-mu'alla") \| \| Adversaries \| [Mughal Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire "Mughal Empire") [Durrani Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durrani_Empire "Durrani Empire") [Emirate of Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan "Emirate of Afghanistan") [British East India Company](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_India_Company "East India Company") [Kingdom of Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal "Kingdom of Nepal") [Qing Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty "Qing dynasty") [Hill States Alliance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_States_of_India "Hill States of India") [Kingdom of Mankera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mankera "Kingdom of Mankera") [Namgyal dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh "Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh") [Barakzai dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barakzai_dynasty "Barakzai dynasty") [Sudhans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudhan "Sudhan") of Poonch [Maqpon Dynasty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqpon_Dynasty "Maqpon Dynasty") \| \| Forts \| [Jamrud Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamrud_Fort "Jamrud Fort") [Multan Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multan_Fort "Multan Fort") [Harkishangarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harkishangarh "Harkishangarh") [Lahore Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Fort "Lahore Fort") [Zorawar Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorawar_Fort "Zorawar Fort") [Bahu Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahu_Fort "Bahu Fort") [Gobindgarh Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobindgarh_Fort "Gobindgarh Fort") [Phillaur Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillaur_Fort "Phillaur Fort") [Firozpur Fort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firozpur_Fort "Firozpur Fort") \| \| Officials and warriors \| \| \| \| \| \| Natives \| [Dhian Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhian_Singh "Dhian Singh") [Diwan Dina Nath](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Dina_Nath "Diwan Dina Nath") [Diwan Bhawani Das](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Bhawani_Das "Diwan Bhawani Das") [Diwan Buta Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Buta_Singh "Diwan Buta Singh") [Pratap Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratap_Singh_\(Sikh_prince\) "Pratap Singh (Sikh prince)") [Misr Diwan Chand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misr_Diwan_Chand "Misr Diwan Chand") [Diwan Mulraj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Mulraj_Chopra "Diwan Mulraj Chopra") [Hari Singh Nalwa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Singh_Nalwa "Hari Singh Nalwa") [Mahan Singh Mirpuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahan_Singh_Mirpuri "Mahan Singh Mirpuri") [Dewan Mokham Chand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewan_Mokham_Chand "Dewan Mokham Chand") [Khushal Singh Jamadar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar "Khushal Singh Jamadar") [Zorawar Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorawar_Singh_\(Dogra_general\) "Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)") [Tej Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tej_Singh "Tej Singh") [Lal Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal_Singh "Lal Singh") [Gulab Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulab_Singh "Gulab Singh") [Balbhadra Kunwar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balbhadra_Kunwar "Balbhadra Kunwar") [Jawahar Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawahar_Singh_\(wazir\) "Jawahar Singh (wazir)") [Mehta Basti Ram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehta_Basti_Ram "Mehta Basti Ram") [Sham Singh Attariwalla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sham_Singh_Attariwalla "Sham Singh Attariwalla") [Sher Singh Attariwalla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sher_Singh_Attariwalla "Sher Singh Attariwalla") [Chattar Singh Attariwalla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chattar_Singh_Attariwalla "Chattar Singh Attariwalla") [Desa Singh Majithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desa_Singh_Majithia "Desa Singh Majithia") [Amar Singh Majithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amar_Singh_Majithia "Amar Singh Majithia") [Lehna Singh Majithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehna_Singh_Majithia "Lehna Singh Majithia") [Ranjodh Singh Majithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranjodh_Singh_Majithia "Ranjodh Singh Majithia") [Surat Singh Majithia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surat_Singh "Surat Singh") [Mangal Singh Ramgarhia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangal_Singh_Ramgarhia "Mangal Singh Ramgarhia") [Akali Phula Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akali_Phula_Singh "Akali Phula Singh") [Chandu Lal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandu_Lal "Chandu Lal") [Ajit Singh Sandhawalia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajit_Singh_Sandhawalia "Ajit Singh Sandhawalia") [Kahan Singh Nakai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_Singh_Nakai "Kahan Singh Nakai") [Sangat Singh Saini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangat_Singh_Saini "Sangat Singh Saini") [Hukma Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardar_Hukma_Singh "Sardar Hukma Singh") [Veer Singh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veer_Singh_Dhillon "Veer Singh Dhillon") [Jarnail Ghaus Khan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarnail_Ghaus_Khan "Jarnail Ghaus Khan") [Ilahi Bakhsh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilahi_Bakhsh "Ilahi Bakhsh") [Fakir Azizuddin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakir_Azizuddin "Fakir Azizuddin") [Sultan Mahmud Khan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Mahmud_Khan "Sultan Mahmud Khan") [Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_Fateh_Khan_Tiwana "Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana") [Sohan Lal Suri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sohan_Lal_Suri "Sohan Lal Suri") [Moti Ram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moti_Ram "Moti Ram") [Diwan Ram Dayal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Ram_Dayal "Diwan Ram Dayal") [Diwan Kirpa Ram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwan_Kirpa_Ram "Diwan Kirpa Ram") \| \| [Foreigners](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_officials_of_the_Sikh_Empire "Foreign officials of the Sikh Empire") \| [Jean-François Allard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Allard "Jean-François Allard") [Jean-Baptiste Ventura](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Ventura "Jean-Baptiste Ventura") [Claude Auguste Court](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Auguste_Court "Claude Auguste Court") [François Henri Mouton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Henri_Mouton "François Henri Mouton") [Alexander Gardner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Gardner_\(soldier\) "Alexander Gardner (soldier)") [Paolo Avitabile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Avitabile "Paolo Avitabile") [Josiah Harlan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Harlan "Josiah Harlan") [Johann Martin Honigberger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Martin_Honigberger "Johann Martin Honigberger") [Henry Lawrence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Lawrence_\(Indian_Army_officer\) "Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)") \| \| Influential families \| [Sandhawalia family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhawalia "Sandhawalia") [Majithia family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majithia_family "Majithia family") [Tiwana family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiwana_family_of_Shahpur "Tiwana family of Shahpur") [Mian family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mian_family_of_Baghbanpura "Mian family of Baghbanpura") \| \| Treaties \| [Treaty of Amritsar (1809)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_\(1809\) "Treaty of Amritsar (1809)") [Tripartite Treaty (1838)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripartite_Treaty_\(1838\) "Tripartite Treaty (1838)") [Treaty of Chushul (1842)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Chushul "Treaty of Chushul") [Treaty of Lahore (1846)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore "Treaty of Lahore") [Treaty of Amritsar (1846)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_\(1846\) "Treaty of Amritsar (1846)") \| \| Miscellaneous \| [Khalsa Darbar records](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalsa_Darbar_records "Khalsa Darbar records") \| \| [Festivals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_festivals "Sikh festivals") \| [Bandi Chhor Divas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandi_Chhor_Divas "Bandi Chhor Divas") [Hola Mohalla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hola_Mohalla "Hola Mohalla") [Maghi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghi "Maghi") [Mela Maghi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mela_Maghi "Mela Maghi") [Vaisakhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaisakhi "Vaisakhi") \| \| [Culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_culture "Sikh culture") \| [Art](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_art "Sikh art") [Music](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_music "Sikh music") [Films](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Films_about_Sikhism "Category:Films about Sikhism") [Literature](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_literature "Category:Sikh literature") [Music](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_music "Category:Sikh music") [Names](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_names "Sikh names") \| \| [Other topics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikhism "Category:Sikhism") \| [History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sikhism "History of Sikhism") [Ik Onkar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ik_Onkar "Ik Onkar") [Waheguru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waheguru "Waheguru") [Khanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanda_\(Sikh_symbol\) "Khanda (Sikh symbol)") [Panj Pyare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panj_Pyare "Panj Pyare") [Places](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_places "Category:Sikh places") [Politics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikh_politics "Category:Sikh politics") [Sikhs in the British Indian Army](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_British_Indian_Army "Sikhs in the British Indian Army") [11th Sikh Regiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th_Sikh_Regiment "11th Sikh Regiment") [Sikh Regiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Regiment "Sikh Regiment") [Sikh Light Infantry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Light_Infantry "Sikh Light Infantry") [Nanakshahi calendar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar "Nanakshahi calendar") [Ramananda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramananda "Ramananda") [Fariduddin Ganjshakar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fariduddin_Ganjshakar "Fariduddin Ganjshakar") [Kabir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabir "Kabir") [Sardar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardar "Sardar") [Dastar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dastar "Dastar") [Dharamyudh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharamyudh_\(Sikhism\) "Dharamyudh (Sikhism)") [Islam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_Sikhism "Islam and Sikhism") [Jainism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism "Jainism and Sikhism") [Hinduism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism "Hinduism and Sikhism") [Rama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama_in_Sikhism "Rama in Sikhism") [Sikhs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikhs "Category:Sikhs") [Ravidassia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravidassia "Ravidassia") [Women in Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Sikhism "Women in Sikhism") [Sikhism and sexual orientation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhism_and_sexual_orientation "Sikhism and sexual orientation") [In Fiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_Sikhism "Category:Fiction about Sikhism") [Idolatry in Sikhism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idolatry_in_Sikhism "Idolatry in Sikhism") [Criticism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Sikhism "Criticism of Sikhism") [Punjab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab "Punjab") [History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Punjab "History of the Punjab") [Punjabis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabis "Punjabis") [Punjabi language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Gurmukhī](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi_script "Gurmukhi script")) [Sacred trees](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_trees_in_Sikhism "Sacred trees in Sikhism") \| \| [Takht](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panj_Takht "Panj Takht") \| [Akal Takht](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akal_Takht "Akal Takht") [Damdama Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takht_Sri_Damdama_Sahib "Takht Sri Damdama Sahib") [Kesgarh Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takht_Kesgarh_Sahib "Takht Kesgarh Sahib") [Hazur Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazur_Sahib_Nanded "Hazur Sahib Nanded") [Patna Sahib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takht_Sri_Patna_Sahib "Takht Sri Patna Sahib") \| \| ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png) [Outline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Sikhism "Outline of Sikhism") ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sikhism "Category:Sikhism") \| \| ![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&usesul3=1) Retrieved from 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