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1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa060)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act","crawl_time":1774670027,"first_indexed_time":1574476183,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\nMarijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\nLong title\nTo decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes.\nLegislative history\nIntroduced\nin the\nHouse of Representatives\nas\nH.R. 3617\nby\nJerry Nadler\n(\nD\n–\nNY\n) on May 28, 2021\nPassed the House of Representatives\non April 1, 2022 (\n220-204\n)\nThe\nMarijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act\n, also known as the\nMORE Act\n, is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would\ndeschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act\nand enact various\ncriminal\nand\nsocial justice\nreforms related to\ncannabis\n, including the\nexpungement\nof prior convictions.\nIntroduced by\nJerry Nadler\non May 28, 2021, the\nHouse of Representatives\npassed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022.\nProvisions of the act include:\n[\n1\n]\n[\n2\n]\n[\n3\n]\nFederal legalization of marijuana by\nremoving marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act\nand directing\nexpungement\nof related convictions\nExpressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's \"use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense\". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any\nFederal public benefit\nincluding federal loans,\nfederal grants\n, and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any \"benefit or protection under the immigration laws\". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry.\nCreates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis)\nCommunity Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for \"individuals most adversely impacted by the\nwar on drugs\n\", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs\nCannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals\nAn Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that \"minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs\nDirects the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees\nAccording to\nUSA Today\n, \"[t]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs.\"\n[\n4\n]\nStates would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally.\n[\n5\n]\nDue to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The\nCongressional Budget Office\n(CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost $3 billion over ten years.\n[\n6\n]\nMarijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020\n[\nedit\n]\nMatching bills were introduced to the\nHouse of Representatives\nby\nJerry Nadler\nand to the Senate by\nKamala Harris\non July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a\n2020 Democratic Party candidate\nfor U.S. president.\n[\n7\n]\nThe act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the\nHouse Judiciary Committee\nfollowing\nmarkup\non November 20, 2019.\n[\n8\n]\n[\n9\n]\nOnly two Republicans voted in favor.\n[\n5\n]\nThis was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition.\n[\n10\n]\n[\n11\n]\nThe legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the\nHouse Energy and Commerce Committee\nSubcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled \"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\".\n[\n12\n]\n[\n13\n]\nAccording to a message released by Majority Whip\nJim Clyburn\n's (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020.\n[\n5\n]\nHouse Majority Leader\nSteny Hoyer\n, in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September.\n[\n14\n]\nThis was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on\nCOVID-19-related spending\n.\n[\n15\n]\nFollowing the\nNovember 2020 elections\n, Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December.\n[\n16\n]\nFollowing debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4,\n[\n17\n]\nwhen the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to\nend federal marijuana prohibition\n.\n[\n18\n]\n222 Democrats voted for the bill, while\nCheri Bustos\n,\nHenry Cuellar\n,\nConor Lamb\n,\nDan Lipinski\n,\nChris Pappas\n, and\nCollin Peterson\nwere the six Democrats voting against.\n[\n19\n]\n158 Republicans voted against the bill, while\nMatt Gaetz\n,\nBrian Mast\n,\nTom McClintock\n,\nDenver Riggleman\n, and\nDon Young\nwere the five Republicans voting in favor.\n[\n20\n]\nThe sole Libertarian in the House,\nJustin Amash\n, also voted for the bill.\n[\n19\n]\nMarijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\n[\nedit\n]\nNadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes.\n[\n21\n]\nOn September 30, 2021, the\nHouse Committee on the Judiciary\nreferred the bill for a vote by the House.\n[\n22\n]\n[\n23\n]\nOn March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a\nHouse Rules Committee\nhearing.\n[\n24\n]\n[\n25\n]\n[\n26\n]\nOn March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances.\n[\n27\n]\n[\n28\n]\nOn April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote.\n[\n29\n]\nLegislative history\n[\nedit\n]\nAs of May 6, 2024:\nCongress\nShort title\nBill number(s)\nDate introduced\nSponsor(s)\n# of cosponsors\nLatest status\n116th Congress\nMORE Act of 2019\nH.R. 3884\nJuly 23, 2019\nJerry Nadler\n(D-NY)\n120\nPassed in the House\nS.2227\nJuly 23, 2019\nKamala Harris\n(D-CA)\n8\nDied in Committee\n117th Congress\nMORE Act of 2021\nH.R. 3617\nMay 28, 2021\nJerry Nadler\n(D-NY)\n114\nPassed in the House\n118th Congress\nMORE Act of 2023\nH.R. 5601\nSeptember 20, 2023\nJerry Nadler\n(D-NY)\n87\nReferred to committees of jurisdiction\nSupport and opposition\n[\nedit\n]\nIn August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups,\nVanita Gupta\nsent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that \"In the face of the evolving\nCOVID-19 pandemic\nand a growing\nnational dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices\n, marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before.\"\n[\n30\n]\n[\n31\n]\nOn June 1, 2021,\nAmazon\n's consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use.\n[\n32\n]\nAmazon also announced that it would use its \"public policy team\" (lobbying resources) to back the bill.\n[\n33\n]\nOn June 4, the\nLeadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights\npublished a letter urging Congress to pass the bill.\n[\n34\n]\nIn comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019\/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support.\nThomas Massie\n(R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create \"new marijuana crimes\" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine.\n[\n35\n]\nSenate Majority Leader\nChuck Schumer\n(D-NY) proposed the\nCannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\nthat would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations.\n[\n36\n]\nProponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called \"Liberty Republicans\", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant.\n[\n37\n]\n^\nThe MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization\n,\nCongressional Research Service\n, November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556\n^\nWright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019).\n\"Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions\"\n.\nCNN\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nSullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019).\n\"The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad\"\n.\nReason\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nMorin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019).\n\"Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it\"\n.\nUSA Today\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\na\nb\nc\nFertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020).\n\"House set to vote on marijuana legalization\"\n.\nPolitico\n. Retrieved\nAugust 28,\n2020\n.\n^\nWeisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022).\n\"House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis\"\n.\nThe New York Times\n.\nISSN\n \n0362-4331\n. Retrieved\nApril 8,\n2022\n.\n^\nLaVito, Angelica (July 23, 2019).\n\"Nadler, Harris to introduce bill decriminalizing pot, expunge marijuana convictions\"\n.\nCNBC\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nBudryk, Zack (November 18, 2019).\n\"House to hold markup Wednesday on marijuana decriminalization bill\"\n.\nThe Hill\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nLovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 20, 2019).\n\"House committee approves landmark bill legalizing marijuana at the federal level\"\n.\nCNBC\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nAngell, Tom (November 20, 2019).\n\"Marijuana legalization bill approved by congressional committee in historic vote\"\n.\nThe Boston Globe\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nDonohue, Caitlin (November 20, 2019).\n\"House Judiciary Committee Approves Historic MORE Act – The cannabis legalization bill will now move to a floor vote in the House\"\n.\nHigh Times\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nBlistein, Jon (January 14, 2020).\n\"Hot Box the House: Inside the Marijuana Bills Congress Will Debate This Week\"\n.\nRolling Stone\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\n\"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\"\n.\nUnited States House Committee on Energy and Commerce\n. Archived from\nthe original\non January 14, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 14,\n2020\n.\n^\nWong, Scott (August 31, 2020).\n\"House to tackle funding, marijuana in September\"\n.\nThe Hill\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nFerris, Sarah; Fertig, Natalie (September 17, 2020).\n\"House punts marijuana vote\"\n.\nPolitico\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 17,\n2020\n.\n^\nFertig, Natalie (November 9, 2020).\n\"House will vote on cannabis legalization bill in December\"\n.\nPolitico\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nJaeger, Kyle (December 3, 2020).\n\"Congress Begins Debate On Marijuana Legalization Bill, With Final Vote Expected Friday\"\n.\nMarijuana Moment\n. Retrieved\nDecember 3,\n2020\n.\n^\nWalsh, Deirdre (December 4, 2020).\n\"House Approves Decriminalizing Marijuana; Bill To Stall In Senate\"\n.\nNPR.org\n. Retrieved\nDecember 5,\n2020\n.\n^\na\nb\nStracqualursiv, Veronica; Dezenski, Lauren (December 4, 2020).\n\"House passes bill decriminalizing marijuana at federal level\"\n.\nCNN\n. Retrieved\nDecember 4,\n2020\n.\n^\nSwanson, Ian (December 4, 2020).\n\"Five Republicans vote for bill to decriminalize marijuana\"\n.\nTheHill\n. Retrieved\nDecember 5,\n2020\n.\n^\nHutzler, Alexandra (May 28, 2021).\n\"Bill to Federally Decriminalize Marijuana, Expunge Records Reintroduced in Congress\"\n.\nNewsweek\n. Retrieved\nJune 5,\n2021\n.\n^\nJonathan D. Salant (September 30, 2021),\nEnding federal ban on marijuana clears key House committee\n, nj.com\n^\nLauren Clason (September 30, 2021),\n\"House committee advances bill to legalize marijuana\"\n,\nRoll Call\n^\nCristina Marcos (March 24, 2022),\n\"Marijuana legalization bill nears House floor vote next week\"\n,\nThe Hill\n^\n\"Text of Bills for the Week of Mar. 28, 2022\"\n.\nOfficial website\n. United States House of Representatives. March 24, 2022.\n^\nSteve Gelsi (March 24, 2022).\n\"House plans to vote for a second time on cannabis measure\"\n.\nMarketWatch\n.\n^\nCarney, Jordain (March 28, 2022).\n\"This week: House set to vote on marijuana legalization bill\"\n.\nThe Hill\n.\n^\nTony Lange (March 31, 2022).\n\"MORE Act Clears Rules Committee, Heads to House Floor\"\n.\nCannabis Business Times\n.\n^\nCristina Marcos.\n\"House approves bill legalizing marijuana\"\n.\nThe Hill\n.\n^\nBest, Paul (August 29, 2020).\n\"Marijuana decriminalization vote expected in House\"\n.\nFox News\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 1,\n2020\n.\n^\nGupta, Vanita (August 13, 2020).\n\"Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act Letter\"\n.\nThe Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 1,\n2020\n.\n^\nPalmer, Annie (June 1, 2021).\n\"Amazon Backs Federal Bill to Legalize Marijuana and Adjusts Its Drug Testing Policy for Some Workers\"\n. CNBC News\n. Retrieved\nJune 5,\n2021\n.\n^\nHernandez, Marcus (June 2, 2021).\n\"Amazon backs marijuana legalization, drops weed testing for some jobs\"\n.\nReuters\n. Retrieved\nJune 8,\n2021\n.\n^\nJarvis, Sarah.\n\"House Urged To Vote On Revised Pot Decriminalization Bill\"\n.\nLaw360\n. Lexis-Nexis\n. Retrieved\nJune 5,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"When Will Democrats Get Serious About Repealing Pot Prohibition?\"\n. April 6, 2022\n. Retrieved\nApril 7,\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\"\n(PDF)\n. Retrieved\nApril 7,\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Are Democrats Serious About Legalizing Marijuana?\"\n. November 2021\n. Retrieved\nApril 7,\n2022\n.\nThe MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization\n,\nCongressional Research Service\n, November 25, 2020\nH.R.3884 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\n, U.S. House of Representatives\nS.2227 - \"MORE Act of 2019\"\n, U.S. Senate\nHouse Rules Committee bill text and amendments\n(March 30, 2022 hearing)","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Marijuana+Opportunity+Reinvestment+and+Expungement+Act \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Marijuana+Opportunity+Reinvestment+and+Expungement+Act \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act)\n- [1 Provisions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Provisions)\n- [2 History](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#History)\n  Toggle History subsection\n  - [2\\.1 Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act_of_2019\/2020)\n  - [2\\.2 Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act_of_2021)\n- [3 Legislative history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Legislative_history)\n- [4 Support and opposition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Support_and_opposition)\n- [5 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#References)\n- [6 Further reading](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Further_reading)\n- [7 External links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#External_links)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act\nAdd languages\n\n[Add links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q85783858#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Add interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act \"View the content page 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[g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nProposed U.S. federal legislation to decriminalize cannabis\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![Great Seal of the United States](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5c\/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg\/250px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_\$obverse\$.svg) |   |\n| Long title | To decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes. |\n| [Legislative history](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617\/actions) |   |\n| **Introduced** in the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") as [H.R. 3617](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617) by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") ([D](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Party_\$United_States\$ \"Democratic Party (United States)\")–[NY](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_\$state\$ \"New York (state)\")) on May 28, 2021 **Passed the House of Representatives** on April 1, 2022 ([220-204](https:\/\/clerk.house.gov\/Votes\/2022107)) |   |\n\nThe **Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act**, also known as the **MORE Act**, is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would [deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act \"Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act\") and enact various [criminal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criminal_justice_reform_in_the_United_States \"Criminal justice reform in the United States\") and [social justice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_justice \"Social justice\") reforms related to [cannabis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_\$drug\$ \"Cannabis (drug)\"), including the [expungement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expungement_in_the_United_States \"Expungement in the United States\") of prior convictions.\n\nIntroduced by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") on May 28, 2021, the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") passed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022.\n\n## Provisions\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: Provisions\")\\]\n\nProvisions of the act include:[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-1)[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-2)[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-3)\n\n- Federal legalization of marijuana by [removing marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act \"Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act\") and directing [expungement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expungement \"Expungement\") of related convictions\n- Expressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's \"use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense\". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any [Federal public benefit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_public_benefit \"Federal public benefit\") including federal loans, [federal grants](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_grants_in_the_United_States \"Federal grants in the United States\"), and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any \"benefit or protection under the immigration laws\". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry.\n- Creates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis)\n  - Community Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for \"individuals most adversely impacted by the [war on drugs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_on_drugs \"War on drugs\")\", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs\n  - Cannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals\n  - An Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that \"minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs\n- Directs the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees\n\nAccording to *[USA Today](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USA_Today \"USA Today\")*, \"\\[t\\]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs.\"[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-4) States would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5)\n\nDue to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The [Congressional Budget Office](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Budget_Office \"Congressional Budget Office\") (CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost \\$3 billion over ten years.[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-6)\n\n## History\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: History\")\\]\n\n### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020\")\\]\n\nMatching bills were introduced to the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") and to the Senate by [Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") on July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a [2020 Democratic Party candidate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries \"2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries\") for U.S. president.[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-7)\n\nThe act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the [House Judiciary Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Judiciary_Committee \"House Judiciary Committee\") following [markup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Markup_\$legislation\$ \"Markup (legislation)\") on November 20, 2019.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-8)[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-9) Only two Republicans voted in favor.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) This was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition.[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-10)[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-11) The legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the [House Energy and Commerce Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Energy_and_Commerce_Committee \"House Energy and Commerce Committee\") Subcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled \"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\".[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-12)[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-13)\n\nAccording to a message released by Majority Whip [Jim Clyburn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jim_Clyburn \"Jim Clyburn\")'s (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) House Majority Leader [Steny Hoyer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steny_Hoyer \"Steny Hoyer\"), in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-14) This was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on [COVID-19-related spending](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Congressional_response \"U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\").[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-15)\n\nFollowing the [November 2020 elections](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_States_elections \"2020 United States elections\"), Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-16) Following debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4,[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-MJMoment2020dec-17) when the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to [end federal marijuana prohibition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States\").[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-18)\n\n222 Democrats voted for the bill, while [Cheri Bustos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cheri_Bustos \"Cheri Bustos\"), [Henry Cuellar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Cuellar \"Henry Cuellar\"), [Conor Lamb](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conor_Lamb \"Conor Lamb\"), [Dan Lipinski](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dan_Lipinski \"Dan Lipinski\"), [Chris Pappas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chris_Pappas_\$American_politician\$ \"Chris Pappas (American politician)\"), and [Collin Peterson](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collin_Peterson \"Collin Peterson\") were the six Democrats voting against.[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) 158 Republicans voted against the bill, while [Matt Gaetz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Gaetz \"Matt Gaetz\"), [Brian Mast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brian_Mast \"Brian Mast\"), [Tom McClintock](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tom_McClintock \"Tom McClintock\"), [Denver Riggleman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denver_Riggleman \"Denver Riggleman\"), and [Don Young](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don_Young \"Don Young\") were the five Republicans voting in favor.[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-20) The sole Libertarian in the House, [Justin Amash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Justin_Amash \"Justin Amash\"), also voted for the bill.[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19)\n\n### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\")\\]\n\nNadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes.[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-Hutzler2021-21) On September 30, 2021, the [House Committee on the Judiciary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary \"House Committee on the Judiciary\") referred the bill for a vote by the House.[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-nj20210930-22)[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-23) On March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a [House Rules Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Rules_Committee \"House Rules Committee\") hearing.[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-24)[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-25)[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-26) On March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-27)[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-28) On April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-29)\n\n## Legislative history\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: Legislative history\")\\]\n\nAs of May 6, 2024:\n\n| Congress | Short title | Bill number(s) | Date introduced | Sponsor(s) | \\# of cosponsors | Latest status |\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n| [116th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/116th_United_States_Congress \"116th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2019 | [H.R. 3884](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/3884) | July 23, 2019 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 120 | Passed in the House |\n| [S.2227](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/senate-bill\/2227) | July 23, 2019 | [Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") (D-CA) | 8 | Died in Committee |   |   |\n| [117th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/117th_United_States_Congress \"117th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2021 | [H.R. 3617](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617?s=2&r=4) | May 28, 2021 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 114 | Passed in the House |\n| [118th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/118th_United_States_Congress \"118th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2023 | [H.R. 5601](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/118th-congress\/house-bill\/5601) | September 20, 2023 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 87 | Referred to committees of jurisdiction |\n\n## Support and opposition\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Support and opposition\")\\]\n\nIn August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups, [Vanita Gupta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vanita_Gupta \"Vanita Gupta\") sent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that \"In the face of the evolving [COVID-19 pandemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") and a growing [national dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Floyd_protests \"George Floyd protests\"), marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before.\"[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-30)[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-31)\n\nOn June 1, 2021, [Amazon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amazon_\$company\$ \"Amazon (company)\")'s consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-32) Amazon also announced that it would use its \"public policy team\" (lobbying resources) to back the bill.[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-33) On June 4, the [Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leadership_Conference_on_Civil_and_Human_Rights \"Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights\") published a letter urging Congress to pass the bill.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-34)\n\nIn comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019\/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support. [Thomas Massie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Massie \"Thomas Massie\") (R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create \"new marijuana crimes\" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a \\$10,000 fine.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-35) Senate Majority Leader [Chuck Schumer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuck_Schumer \"Chuck Schumer\") (D-NY) proposed the [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act \"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\") that would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations.[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-36) Proponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called \"Liberty Republicans\", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-37)\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-1)**\n   [*The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization*](https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/LSB\/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Research_Service \"Congressional Research Service\"), November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-2)**\n   Wright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019). [\"Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions\"](https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/07\/23\/politics\/kamala-harris-marijuana-decriminalization-bill\/index.html). *[CNN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN \"CNN\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-3)**\n   Sullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019). [\"The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2019\/07\/23\/the-harris-nadler-marijuana-bill-goes-further-than-others-in-ways-good-and-bad\/). *[Reason](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reason_\$magazine\$ \"Reason (magazine)\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-4)**\n   Morin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019). [\"Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it\"](https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/politics\/elections\/2019\/07\/23\/harris-introduces-federal-legislation-legalize-marijuana\/1801194001\/). *USA Today*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n5. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-2)\n   Fertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020). [\"House set to vote on marijuana legalization\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/08\/28\/marijuana-legalization-house-vote-404455). *[Politico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico \"Politico\")*. Retrieved August 28, 2020.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-6)**\n   Weisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022). [\"House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis\"](https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/04\/01\/us\/politics\/marijuana-legalization.html). *The New York Times*. [ISSN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_\$identifier\$ \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0362-4331). Retrieved April 8, 2022.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-7)**\n   LaVito, Angelica (July 23, 2019). [\"Nadler, Harris to introduce bill decriminalizing pot, expunge marijuana convictions\"](https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2019\/07\/22\/nadler-harris-to-introduce-bill-decriminalizing-pot-expunge-prior-convictions.html). *[CNBC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNBC \"CNBC\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-8)**\n   Budryk, Zack (November 18, 2019). [\"House to hold markup Wednesday on marijuana decriminalization bill\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/470924-house-to-hold-markup-wednesday-on-marijuana-decriminalization-bill). *[The Hill](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Hill_\$newspaper\$ \"The Hill (newspaper)\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-9)**\n   Lovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 20, 2019). [\"House committee approves landmark bill legalizing marijuana at the federal level\"](https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2019\/11\/20\/house-committee-approves-bill-decriminalizing-marijuana-on-the-federal-level.html). *CNBC*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-10)**\n    Angell, Tom (November 20, 2019). [\"Marijuana legalization bill approved by congressional committee in historic vote\"](https:\/\/www.bostonglobe.com\/news\/marijuana\/2019\/11\/20\/marijuana-legalization-bill-approved-congressional-committee-historic-vote\/krJuSAOF8D1X0dCoar8QfI\/story.html). *[The Boston Globe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Boston_Globe \"The Boston Globe\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-11)**\n    Donohue, Caitlin (November 20, 2019). [\"House Judiciary Committee Approves Historic MORE Act – The cannabis legalization bill will now move to a floor vote in the House\"](https:\/\/hightimes.com\/news\/house-judiciary-committee-approves-historic-more-act\/). *[High Times](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High_Times \"High Times\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n12. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-12)**\n    Blistein, Jon (January 14, 2020). [\"Hot Box the House: Inside the Marijuana Bills Congress Will Debate This Week\"](https:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/culture\/culture-news\/marijuana-legalization-bill-congress-hearing-936996\/). *Rolling Stone*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n13. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-13)**\n    [\"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200114174712\/https:\/\/energycommerce.house.gov\/committee-activity\/hearings\/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade). *[United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce \"United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce\")*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/energycommerce.house.gov\/committee-activity\/hearings\/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade) on January 14, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020.\n14. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-14)**\n    Wong, Scott (August 31, 2020). [\"House to tackle funding, marijuana in September\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/514443-house-to-tackle-funding-marijuana-in-september). *The Hill*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n15. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-15)**\n    Ferris, Sarah; Fertig, Natalie (September 17, 2020). [\"House punts marijuana vote\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/09\/17\/congress-marijuana-vote-delayed-417122). *Politico*. Retrieved September 17, 2020.\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-16)**\n    Fertig, Natalie (November 9, 2020). [\"House will vote on cannabis legalization bill in December\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/11\/09\/house-vote-cannabis-legalization-435591). *Politico*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n17. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-MJMoment2020dec_17-0)**\n    Jaeger, Kyle (December 3, 2020). [\"Congress Begins Debate On Marijuana Legalization Bill, With Final Vote Expected Friday\"](https:\/\/www.marijuanamoment.net\/congress-begins-debate-on-marijuana-legalization-bill-with-final-vote-expected-friday\/). *Marijuana Moment*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-18)**\n    Walsh, Deirdre (December 4, 2020). [\"House Approves Decriminalizing Marijuana; Bill To Stall In Senate\"](https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2020\/12\/04\/942949288\/house-approves-decriminalizing-marijuana-bill-to-stall-in-senate). *NPR.org*. Retrieved December 5, 2020.\n19. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-1)\n    Stracqualursiv, Veronica; Dezenski, Lauren (December 4, 2020). [\"House passes bill decriminalizing marijuana at federal level\"](https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/12\/04\/politics\/house-vote-more-act-marijuana-legislation\/index.html). *CNN*. Retrieved December 4, 2020.\n20. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-20)**\n    Swanson, Ian (December 4, 2020). [\"Five Republicans vote for bill to decriminalize marijuana\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/528806-five-republicans-vote-for-bill-to-decriminalize-marijuana). *TheHill*. Retrieved December 5, 2020.\n21. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-Hutzler2021_21-0)**\n    Hutzler, Alexandra (May 28, 2021). [\"Bill to Federally Decriminalize Marijuana, Expunge Records Reintroduced in Congress\"](https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/news\/politics\/bill-to-federally-decriminalize-marijuana-expunge-records-reintroduced-in-congress\/ar-AAKuxfK). *[Newsweek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newsweek \"Newsweek\")*. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n22. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-nj20210930_22-0)**\n    Jonathan D. Salant (September 30, 2021), [*Ending federal ban on marijuana clears key House committee*](https:\/\/www.nj.com\/marijuana\/2021\/09\/ending-federal-ban-on-marijuana-clears-key-house-committee.html), nj.com\n23. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-23)**\n    Lauren Clason (September 30, 2021), [\"House committee advances bill to legalize marijuana\"](https:\/\/www.rollcall.com\/2021\/09\/30\/house-committee-advances-bill-to-legalize-marijuana\/), *[Roll Call](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roll_Call \"Roll Call\")*\n24. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-24)**\n    Cristina Marcos (March 24, 2022), [\"Marijuana legalization bill nears House floor vote next week\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/599667-marijuana-legalization-bill-nears-house-floor-vote-next-week), *The Hill*\n25. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-25)**\n    [\"Text of Bills for the Week of Mar. 28, 2022\"](https:\/\/docs.house.gov\/floor\/Default.aspx?date=2022-03-28). *Official website*. United States House of Representatives. March 24, 2022.\n26. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-26)**\n    Steve Gelsi (March 24, 2022). [\"House plans to vote for a second time on cannabis measure\"](https:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/house-plans-to-vote-for-second-time-on-cannabis-measure-2022-03-24). [MarketWatch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MarketWatch \"MarketWatch\").\n27. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-27)**\n    Carney, Jordain (March 28, 2022). [\"This week: House set to vote on marijuana legalization bill\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/599970-this-week-house-set-to-vote-on-marijuana-legalization-bill). *The Hill*.\n28. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-28)**\n    Tony Lange (March 31, 2022). [\"MORE Act Clears Rules Committee, Heads to House Floor\"](https:\/\/www.cannabisbusinesstimes.com\/article\/more-act-clears-rules-committee-heads-to-house\/). *Cannabis Business Times*.\n29. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-29)**\n    Cristina Marcos. [\"House approves bill legalizing marijuana\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/news\/house\/3256370-house-approves-bill-legalizing-marijuana\/). *The Hill*.\n30. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-30)**\n    Best, Paul (August 29, 2020). [\"Marijuana decriminalization vote expected in House\"](https:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/politics\/historic-vote-marijuana-decriminalization). *Fox News*. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n31. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-31)**\n    Gupta, Vanita (August 13, 2020). [\"Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act Letter\"](https:\/\/civilrights.org\/resource\/marijuana-opportunity-reinvestment-and-expungement-more-act-letter\/). *The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights*. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n32. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-32)**\n    Palmer, Annie (June 1, 2021). [\"Amazon Backs Federal Bill to Legalize Marijuana and Adjusts Its Drug Testing Policy for Some Workers\"](https:\/\/www.nbcnewyork.com\/news\/business\/money-report\/amazon-backs-federal-bill-to-legalize-marijuana-and-adjusts-its-drug-testing-policy-for-some-workers\/3085044\/). CNBC News. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n33. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-33)**\n    Hernandez, Marcus (June 2, 2021). [\"Amazon backs marijuana legalization, drops weed testing for some jobs\"](https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/amazon-backs-marijuana-legalization-drops-weed-testing-some-jobs-2021-06-02\/). *[Reuters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters \"Reuters\")*. Retrieved June 8, 2021.\n34. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-34)**\n    Jarvis, Sarah. [\"House Urged To Vote On Revised Pot Decriminalization Bill\"](https:\/\/www.law360.com\/tax-authority\/articles\/1391298\/house-urged-to-vote-on-revised-pot-decriminalization-bill). *[Law360](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Law360 \"Law360\")*. Lexis-Nexis. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n35. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-35)**\n    [\"When Will Democrats Get Serious About Repealing Pot Prohibition?\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2022\/04\/06\/when-will-democrats-get-serious-about-repealing-pot-prohibition\/). April 6, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\"](https:\/\/www.democrats.senate.gov\/imo\/media\/doc\/CAOA%20Detailed%20Summary%20-.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Are Democrats Serious About Legalizing Marijuana?\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2021\/10\/19\/are-democrats-serious-about-legalizing-marijuana\/). November 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n\n## Further reading\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=8 \"Edit section: Further reading\")\\]\n\n- [*The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization*](https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/LSB\/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Research_Service \"Congressional Research Service\"), November 25, 2020\n\n## External links\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=9 \"Edit section: External links\")\\]\n\n- [H.R.3884 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/3884), U.S. House of Representatives\n- [S.2227 - \"MORE Act of 2019\"](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/senate-bill\/2227), U.S. Senate\n- [House Rules Committee bill text and amendments](https:\/\/rules.house.gov\/bill\/117\/hr-3617) (March 30, 2022 hearing)\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Template:Cannabis in the United States\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Template talk:Cannabis in the United States\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Cannabis in the United States\")[Cannabis in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Cannabis in the United States\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| [Federal law](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Legal history of cannabis in the United States\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Laws and bills | [Marihuana Tax Act of 1937](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marihuana_Tax_Act_of_1937 \"Marihuana Tax Act of 1937\") [Controlled Substances Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Controlled_Substances_Act \"Controlled Substances Act\") (1970) [Solomon–Lautenberg amendment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solomon%E2%80%93Lautenberg_amendment \"Solomon–Lautenberg amendment\") (1990) [Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ending_Federal_Marijuana_Prohibition_Act \"Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act\") (2011) [Cole Memorandum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cole_Memorandum \"Cole Memorandum\") (2013) [Rohrabacher–Farr amendment](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rohrabacher%E2%80%93Farr_amendment \"Rohrabacher–Farr amendment\") (2014) [STATES Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STATES_Act \"STATES Act\") (2018) [Marijuana Justice Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Justice_Act \"Marijuana Justice Act\") (2019) [Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Freedom_and_Opportunity_Act \"Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act\") (2019) [SAFE Banking Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SAFE_Banking_Act \"SAFE Banking Act\") (2019) [MORE Act]() (2019) [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act \"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\") (2022) [Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_Marijuana_and_Cannabidiol_Research_Expansion_Act \"Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act\") (2022) |\n| Court cases | *[Leary v. United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leary_v._United_States \"Leary v. United States\")* (1969) *[Ravin v. State](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ravin_v._State \"Ravin v. State\")* (1975) *[Conant v. Walters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conant_v._Walters \"Conant v. Walters\")* (2000) *[United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_v._Oakland_Cannabis_Buyers%27_Cooperative \"United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative\")* (2001) *[Gonzales v. Raich](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonzales_v._Raich \"Gonzales v. Raich\")* (2005) *[Moncrieffe v. Holder](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moncrieffe_v._Holder \"Moncrieffe v. Holder\")* (2013) *[Americans for Safe Access v. Drug Enforcement Administration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Americans_for_Safe_Access_v._Drug_Enforcement_Administration \"Americans for Safe Access v. Drug Enforcement Administration\")* (2013) |\n| [Legality by jurisdiction](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legality_of_cannabis_by_U.S._jurisdiction \"Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Recreational use](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States\") | [Alaska](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Alaska \"Cannabis in Alaska\") [Arizona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Arizona \"Cannabis in Arizona\") [California](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_California \"Cannabis in California\") [Colorado](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Colorado \"Cannabis in Colorado\") [Connecticut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Connecticut \"Cannabis in Connecticut\") [Delaware](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Delaware \"Cannabis in Delaware\") [Illinois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Illinois \"Cannabis in Illinois\") [Maine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Maine \"Cannabis in Maine\") [Maryland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Maryland \"Cannabis in Maryland\") [Massachusetts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Massachusetts \"Cannabis in Massachusetts\") [Michigan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Michigan \"Cannabis in Michigan\") [Minnesota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Minnesota \"Cannabis in Minnesota\") [Missouri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Missouri \"Cannabis in Missouri\") [Montana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Montana \"Cannabis in Montana\") [Nevada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Nevada \"Cannabis in Nevada\") [New Jersey](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_New_Jersey \"Cannabis in New Jersey\") [New Mexico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_New_Mexico \"Cannabis in New Mexico\") [New York](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_New_York \"Cannabis in New York\") [Ohio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Ohio \"Cannabis in Ohio\") [Oregon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Oregon \"Cannabis in Oregon\") [Rhode Island](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Rhode_Island \"Cannabis in Rhode Island\") [Vermont](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Vermont \"Cannabis in Vermont\") [Virginia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Virginia \"Cannabis in Virginia\") [Washington](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Washington_\$state\$ \"Cannabis in Washington (state)\") [Guam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Guam \"Cannabis in Guam\") [Northern Mariana Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands \"Cannabis in the Northern Mariana Islands\") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands \"Cannabis in the United States Virgin Islands\") [District of Columbia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Washington,_D.C. \"Cannabis in Washington, D.C.\") |\n| [Medical use](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Medical cannabis in the United States\") | [Alabama](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Alabama \"Cannabis in Alabama\") [Arkansas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Arkansas \"Cannabis in Arkansas\") [Florida](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Florida \"Cannabis in Florida\") [Hawaii](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Hawaii \"Cannabis in Hawaii\") [Kentucky](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Kentucky \"Cannabis in Kentucky\") [Louisiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Louisiana \"Cannabis in Louisiana\") [Mississippi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Mississippi \"Cannabis in Mississippi\") [Nebraska](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Nebraska \"Cannabis in Nebraska\") [New Hampshire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_New_Hampshire \"Cannabis in New Hampshire\") [North Dakota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_North_Dakota \"Cannabis in North Dakota\") [Oklahoma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Oklahoma \"Cannabis in Oklahoma\") [Pennsylvania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Pennsylvania \"Cannabis in Pennsylvania\") [South Dakota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_South_Dakota \"Cannabis in South Dakota\") [Utah](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Utah \"Cannabis in Utah\") [West Virginia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_West_Virginia \"Cannabis in West Virginia\") [Puerto Rico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Puerto_Rico \"Cannabis in Puerto Rico\") |\n| [Decriminalized](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Decriminalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States\") | [Hawaii](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Hawaii \"Cannabis in Hawaii\") [Louisiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Louisiana \"Cannabis in Louisiana\") [Mississippi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Mississippi \"Cannabis in Mississippi\") [New Hampshire](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_New_Hampshire \"Cannabis in New Hampshire\") [North Carolina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_North_Carolina \"Cannabis in North Carolina\") [North Dakota](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_North_Dakota \"Cannabis in North Dakota\") |\n| Illegal | [Georgia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Georgia_\$U.S._state\$ \"Cannabis in Georgia (U.S. state)\") [Idaho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Idaho \"Cannabis in Idaho\") [Indiana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Indiana \"Cannabis in Indiana\") [Iowa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Iowa \"Cannabis in Iowa\") [Kansas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Kansas \"Cannabis in Kansas\") [South Carolina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_South_Carolina \"Cannabis in South Carolina\") [Tennessee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Tennessee \"Cannabis in Tennessee\") [Texas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Texas \"Cannabis in Texas\") [Wisconsin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Wisconsin \"Cannabis in Wisconsin\") [Wyoming](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_Wyoming \"Cannabis in Wyoming\") [American Samoa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_in_American_Samoa \"Cannabis in American Samoa\") |\n| Regulation | [List of United States cannabis regulatory agencies](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_United_States_cannabis_regulatory_agencies \"List of United States cannabis regulatory agencies\") [Cannabis product testing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_product_testing \"Cannabis product testing\") [Rescheduling](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act \"Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act\") |\n| Related | [Timeline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_cannabis_laws_in_the_United_States \"Timeline of cannabis laws in the United States\") [Congressional Cannabis Caucus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Cannabis_Caucus \"Congressional Cannabis Caucus\") [Politicians who have admitted use](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_United_States_politicians_who_have_acknowledged_cannabis_use \"List of United States politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use\") [Cannabis on American Indian reservations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_on_American_Indian_reservations \"Cannabis on American Indian reservations\") [Cannabis and the U.S. military](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_and_the_United_States_military \"Cannabis and the United States military\") [Marijuana Policy Project](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Policy_Project \"Marijuana Policy Project\") [NORML](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Organization_for_the_Reform_of_Marijuana_Laws \"National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws\") [Harry J. Anslinger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_J._Anslinger \"Harry J. Anslinger\") [Dispensaries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_dispensaries_in_the_United_States \"Cannabis dispensaries in the United States\") |\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Kamala_Harris \"Template:Kamala Harris\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Kamala_Harris \"Template talk:Kamala Harris\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Kamala_Harris \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Kamala Harris\")[Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| [49th](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States \"List of vice presidents of the United States\") [Vice President of the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vice_President_of_the_United_States \"Vice President of the United States\") (2021–2025) [U.S. Senator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_Senate \"United States Senate\") [from California](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California \"List of United States senators from California\") (2017–2021) [Attorney General of California](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attorney_General_of_California \"Attorney General of California\") (2011–2017) [District Attorney of San Francisco](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/San_Francisco_District_Attorney%27s_Office \"San Francisco District Attorney's Office\") (2004–2011) |   |\n| Life and politics | [Early life and career](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_life_and_career_of_Kamala_Harris \"Early life and career of Kamala Harris\") [California Attorney General tenure](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris_as_Attorney_General_of_California \"Kamala Harris as Attorney General of California\") [U.S. Senate career](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/US_Senate_career_of_Kamala_Harris \"US Senate career of Kamala Harris\") [Justice for Victims of Lynching Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Justice_for_Victims_of_Lynching_Act \"Justice for Victims of Lynching Act\") [MORE Act]() [Rent Relief Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rent_Relief_Act \"Rent Relief Act\") [Vice presidency](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vice_presidency_of_Kamala_Harris \"Vice presidency of Kamala Harris\") [Biden transition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden \"Presidential transition of Joe Biden\") [White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_House_Office_of_Gun_Violence_Prevention \"White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention\") [Trump transition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump \"Second presidential transition of Donald Trump\") [Political positions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_positions_of_Kamala_Harris \"Political positions of Kamala Harris\") |\n| [Elections](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electoral_history_of_Kamala_Harris \"Electoral history of Kamala Harris\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [California](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politics_of_California \"Politics of California\") | [District Attorney](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_life_and_career_of_Kamala_Harris#District_Attorney_of_San_Francisco \"Early life and career of Kamala Harris\") [2003](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electoral_history_of_Kamala_Harris#2003 \"Electoral history of Kamala Harris\") [2007](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2007_San_Francisco_general_election#District_attorney \"2007 San Francisco general election\") [Attorney General](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris_as_Attorney_General_of_California \"Kamala Harris as Attorney General of California\") [2010](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2010_California_Attorney_General_election \"2010 California Attorney General election\") [2014](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_California_Attorney_General_election \"2014 California Attorney General election\") [U.S. Senator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/US_Senate_career_of_Kamala_Harris \"US Senate career of Kamala Harris\") [2016](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_California \"2016 United States Senate election in California\") |\n| [Vice presidency](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vice_presidency_of_Kamala_Harris \"Vice presidency of Kamala Harris\") | [2020 campaign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joe_Biden_2020_presidential_campaign \"Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign\") [selection](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection \"2020 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection\") [convention](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_National_Convention \"2020 Democratic National Convention\") [debate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_States_presidential_debates#October_7:_Vice_presidential_debate_\$University_of_Utah\$ \"2020 United States presidential debates\") [election](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_States_presidential_election \"2020 United States presidential election\") [transition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden#Harris_Senate_transition \"Presidential transition of Joe Biden\") [2024 campaign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joe_Biden_2024_presidential_campaign \"Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign\") [Biden withdrawal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election \"Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election\") |\n| [Presidential campaigns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris_presidential_campaign \"Kamala Harris presidential campaign\") | [2020 campaign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris_2020_presidential_campaign \"Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign\") [debates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates \"2020 Democratic Party presidential debates\") [endorsements](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2020_presidential_campaign_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign endorsements\") [primaries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries \"2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries\") [2024 campaign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign \"Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign\") [endorsements](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign endorsements\") [non-political](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign non-political endorsements\") [political](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign political endorsements\") [congressional legislators](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_congressional_legislators_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign congressional legislators endorsements\") [federal executive officials](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_federal_executive_officials_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign federal executive officials endorsements\") [former Trump officials](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_former_Trump_administration_officials_who_endorsed_Kamala_Harris \"List of former Trump administration officials who endorsed Kamala Harris\") [international](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_international_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign international endorsements\") [sub-national officials](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_sub-national_officials_endorsements \"List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign sub-national officials endorsements\") [running mate selection](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2024_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection \"2024 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection\") [convention](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2024_Democratic_National_Convention \"2024 Democratic National Convention\") [debate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2024_United_States_presidential_debates#September_10:_Second_presidential_debate_\$ABC,_Philadelphia\$ \"2024 United States presidential debates\") [election](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2024_United_States_presidential_election \"2024 United States presidential election\") |\n| Bibliography | *[Smart on Crime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smart_on_Crime \"Smart on Crime\")* *[Superheroes Are Everywhere](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superheroes_Are_Everywhere \"Superheroes Are Everywhere\")* *[The Truths We Hold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Truths_We_Hold \"The Truths We Hold\")* *[107 Days](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/107_Days \"107 Days\")* |\n| [Public image](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_image_of_Kamala_Harris \"Public image of Kamala Harris\") | [4 AM club](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/4_AM_club \"4 AM club\") *[The 47th](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_47th \"The 47th\")* [KHive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KHive \"KHive\") \"[We did it, Joe\\!](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/We_did_it,_Joe! \"We did it, Joe!\")\" \"[You think you just fell out of a coconut tree?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/You_think_you_just_fell_out_of_a_coconut_tree%3F \"You think you just fell out of a coconut tree?\")\" \"[Kamala is for they\/them](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_is_for_they\/them \"Kamala is for they\/them\")\" |\n| [Family](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Family_of_Kamala_Harris \"Family of Kamala Harris\") | [P. V. Gopalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P._V._Gopalan \"P. V. Gopalan\") (maternal grandfather) [Shyamala Gopalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shyamala_Gopalan \"Shyamala Gopalan\") (mother) [Maya Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maya_Harris \"Maya Harris\") (sister) [Meena Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meena_Harris \"Meena Harris\") (niece) [Donald J. Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donald_J._Harris \"Donald J. Harris\") (father) [Doug Emhoff](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doug_Emhoff \"Doug Emhoff\") (husband) [Ella Emhoff](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ella_Emhoff \"Ella Emhoff\") (stepdaughter) [Tony West](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tony_West_\$attorney\$ \"Tony West (attorney)\") (brother-in-law) |\n| [← Mike Pence](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mike_Pence \"Mike Pence\") [JD Vance →](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JD_Vance \"JD Vance\") **![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Kamala_Harris \"Category:Kamala Harris\")** **[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg \"Commons page\") [Commons](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Kamala_Harris \"commons:Category:Kamala Harris\")** |   |\n\n[Portals](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals \"Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals\"):\n\n- [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a8\/Cannabis_leaf.svg\/20px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cannabis_leaf.svg) [Cannabis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Cannabis \"Portal:Cannabis\")\n- [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/17\/Balance%2C_by_David.svg\/40px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Balance,_by_David.svg) [Law](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Law \"Portal:Law\")\n- ![flag](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/a\/a4\/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg\/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png) [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:United_States \"Portal:United States\")\n\n![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1)\n\nRetrieved from \"<https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&oldid=1322881340>\"\n\n[Categories](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Category \"Help:Category\"):\n\n- [2019 cannabis law reform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:2019_cannabis_law_reform \"Category:2019 cannabis law reform\")\n- [Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Proposed_legislation_of_the_116th_United_States_Congress \"Category:Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress\")\n- [Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Proposed_legislation_of_the_117th_United_States_Congress \"Category:Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress\")\n- [Cannabis law in the United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Cannabis_law_in_the_United_States \"Category:Cannabis law in the United States\")\n- [2020 cannabis law reform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:2020_cannabis_law_reform \"Category:2020 cannabis law reform\")\n- [Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Kamala_Harris \"Category:Kamala Harris\")\n- [United States proposed federal civil rights legislation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:United_States_proposed_federal_civil_rights_legislation \"Category:United States proposed federal civil rights legislation\")\n\nHidden categories:\n\n- [Articles with short description](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Articles_with_short_description \"Category:Articles with short description\")\n- [Short description is different from Wikidata](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata \"Category:Short description is different from Wikidata\")\n- [Use American English from June 2025](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Use_American_English_from_June_2025 \"Category:Use American English from June 2025\")\n- [All Wikipedia articles written in American English](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English \"Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English\")\n- [Use mdy dates from August 2020](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_August_2020 \"Category:Use mdy dates from August 2020\")\n\n- This page was last edited on 18 November 2025, at 11:38 (UTC).\n- Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License \"Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License\"); additional terms may apply. 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nMarijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act\n\nAdd languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act)","attrs_readable_markdown":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![Great Seal of the United States](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5c\/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg\/250px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_\$obverse\$.svg) |   |\n| Long title | To decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes. |\n| [Legislative history](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617\/actions) |   |\n| **Introduced** in the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") as [H.R. 3617](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617) by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") ([D](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democratic_Party_\$United_States\$ \"Democratic Party (United States)\")–[NY](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_\$state\$ \"New York (state)\")) on May 28, 2021 **Passed the House of Representatives** on April 1, 2022 ([220-204](https:\/\/clerk.house.gov\/Votes\/2022107)) |   |\n\nThe **Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act**, also known as the **MORE Act**, is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would [deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act \"Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act\") and enact various [criminal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criminal_justice_reform_in_the_United_States \"Criminal justice reform in the United States\") and [social justice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_justice \"Social justice\") reforms related to [cannabis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_\$drug\$ \"Cannabis (drug)\"), including the [expungement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expungement_in_the_United_States \"Expungement in the United States\") of prior convictions.\n\nIntroduced by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") on May 28, 2021, the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") passed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022.\n\nProvisions of the act include:[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-1)[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-2)[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-3)\n\n- Federal legalization of marijuana by [removing marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act \"Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act\") and directing [expungement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expungement \"Expungement\") of related convictions\n- Expressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's \"use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense\". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any [Federal public benefit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_public_benefit \"Federal public benefit\") including federal loans, [federal grants](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federal_grants_in_the_United_States \"Federal grants in the United States\"), and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any \"benefit or protection under the immigration laws\". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry.\n- Creates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis)\n  - Community Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for \"individuals most adversely impacted by the [war on drugs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/War_on_drugs \"War on drugs\")\", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs\n  - Cannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals\n  - An Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that \"minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs\n- Directs the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees\n\nAccording to *[USA Today](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/USA_Today \"USA Today\")*, \"\\[t\\]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs.\"[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-4) States would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5)\n\nDue to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The [Congressional Budget Office](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Budget_Office \"Congressional Budget Office\") (CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost \\$3 billion over ten years.[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-6)\n\n### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019\/2020\")\\]\n\nMatching bills were introduced to the [House of Representatives](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_of_Representatives \"United States House of Representatives\") by [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") and to the Senate by [Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") on July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a [2020 Democratic Party candidate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries \"2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries\") for U.S. president.[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-7)\n\nThe act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the [House Judiciary Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Judiciary_Committee \"House Judiciary Committee\") following [markup](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Markup_\$legislation\$ \"Markup (legislation)\") on November 20, 2019.[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-8)[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-9) Only two Republicans voted in favor.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) This was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition.[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-10)[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-11) The legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the [House Energy and Commerce Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Energy_and_Commerce_Committee \"House Energy and Commerce Committee\") Subcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled \"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\".[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-12)[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-13)\n\nAccording to a message released by Majority Whip [Jim Clyburn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jim_Clyburn \"Jim Clyburn\")'s (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020.[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) House Majority Leader [Steny Hoyer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steny_Hoyer \"Steny Hoyer\"), in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-14) This was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on [COVID-19-related spending](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Congressional_response \"U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic\").[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-15)\n\nFollowing the [November 2020 elections](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_States_elections \"2020 United States elections\"), Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-16) Following debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4,[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-MJMoment2020dec-17) when the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to [end federal marijuana prohibition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States \"Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States\").[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-18)\n\n222 Democrats voted for the bill, while [Cheri Bustos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cheri_Bustos \"Cheri Bustos\"), [Henry Cuellar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Cuellar \"Henry Cuellar\"), [Conor Lamb](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conor_Lamb \"Conor Lamb\"), [Dan Lipinski](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dan_Lipinski \"Dan Lipinski\"), [Chris Pappas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chris_Pappas_\$American_politician\$ \"Chris Pappas (American politician)\"), and [Collin Peterson](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collin_Peterson \"Collin Peterson\") were the six Democrats voting against.[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) 158 Republicans voted against the bill, while [Matt Gaetz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Gaetz \"Matt Gaetz\"), [Brian Mast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brian_Mast \"Brian Mast\"), [Tom McClintock](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tom_McClintock \"Tom McClintock\"), [Denver Riggleman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denver_Riggleman \"Denver Riggleman\"), and [Don Young](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don_Young \"Don Young\") were the five Republicans voting in favor.[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-20) The sole Libertarian in the House, [Justin Amash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Justin_Amash \"Justin Amash\"), also voted for the bill.[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19)\n\n### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021\")\\]\n\nNadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes.[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-Hutzler2021-21) On September 30, 2021, the [House Committee on the Judiciary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary \"House Committee on the Judiciary\") referred the bill for a vote by the House.[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-nj20210930-22)[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-23) On March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a [House Rules Committee](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/House_Rules_Committee \"House Rules Committee\") hearing.[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-24)[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-25)[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-26) On March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-27)[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-28) On April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-29)\n\n## Legislative history\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: Legislative history\")\\]\n\nAs of May 6, 2024:\n\n| Congress | Short title | Bill number(s) | Date introduced | Sponsor(s) | \\# of cosponsors | Latest status |\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n| [116th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/116th_United_States_Congress \"116th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2019 | [H.R. 3884](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/3884) | July 23, 2019 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 120 | Passed in the House |\n| [S.2227](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/senate-bill\/2227) | July 23, 2019 | [Kamala Harris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kamala_Harris \"Kamala Harris\") (D-CA) | 8 | Died in Committee |   |   |\n| [117th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/117th_United_States_Congress \"117th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2021 | [H.R. 3617](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3617?s=2&r=4) | May 28, 2021 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 114 | Passed in the House |\n| [118th Congress](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/118th_United_States_Congress \"118th United States Congress\") | MORE Act of 2023 | [H.R. 5601](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/118th-congress\/house-bill\/5601) | September 20, 2023 | [Jerry Nadler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Nadler \"Jerry Nadler\") (D-NY) | 87 | Referred to committees of jurisdiction |\n\n## Support and opposition\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: Support and opposition\")\\]\n\nIn August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups, [Vanita Gupta](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vanita_Gupta \"Vanita Gupta\") sent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that \"In the face of the evolving [COVID-19 pandemic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States \"COVID-19 pandemic in the United States\") and a growing [national dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Floyd_protests \"George Floyd protests\"), marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before.\"[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-30)[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-31)\n\nOn June 1, 2021, [Amazon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amazon_\$company\$ \"Amazon (company)\")'s consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-32) Amazon also announced that it would use its \"public policy team\" (lobbying resources) to back the bill.[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-33) On June 4, the [Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leadership_Conference_on_Civil_and_Human_Rights \"Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights\") published a letter urging Congress to pass the bill.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-34)\n\nIn comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019\/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support. [Thomas Massie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Massie \"Thomas Massie\") (R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create \"new marijuana crimes\" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a \\$10,000 fine.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-35) Senate Majority Leader [Chuck Schumer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuck_Schumer \"Chuck Schumer\") (D-NY) proposed the [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act \"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\") that would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations.[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-36) Proponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called \"Liberty Republicans\", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-37)\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-1)**\n   [*The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization*](https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/LSB\/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Research_Service \"Congressional Research Service\"), November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-2)**\n   Wright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019). [\"Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions\"](https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/07\/23\/politics\/kamala-harris-marijuana-decriminalization-bill\/index.html). *[CNN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNN \"CNN\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-3)**\n   Sullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019). [\"The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2019\/07\/23\/the-harris-nadler-marijuana-bill-goes-further-than-others-in-ways-good-and-bad\/). *[Reason](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reason_\$magazine\$ \"Reason (magazine)\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-4)**\n   Morin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019). [\"Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it\"](https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/politics\/elections\/2019\/07\/23\/harris-introduces-federal-legislation-legalize-marijuana\/1801194001\/). *USA Today*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n5. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-2)\n   Fertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020). [\"House set to vote on marijuana legalization\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/08\/28\/marijuana-legalization-house-vote-404455). *[Politico](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico \"Politico\")*. Retrieved August 28, 2020.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-6)**\n   Weisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022). [\"House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis\"](https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/04\/01\/us\/politics\/marijuana-legalization.html). *The New York Times*. [ISSN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_\$identifier\$ \"ISSN (identifier)\") [0362-4331](https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0362-4331). Retrieved April 8, 2022.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-7)**\n   LaVito, Angelica (July 23, 2019). [\"Nadler, Harris to introduce bill decriminalizing pot, expunge marijuana convictions\"](https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2019\/07\/22\/nadler-harris-to-introduce-bill-decriminalizing-pot-expunge-prior-convictions.html). *[CNBC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNBC \"CNBC\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-8)**\n   Budryk, Zack (November 18, 2019). [\"House to hold markup Wednesday on marijuana decriminalization bill\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/470924-house-to-hold-markup-wednesday-on-marijuana-decriminalization-bill). *[The Hill](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Hill_\$newspaper\$ \"The Hill (newspaper)\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-9)**\n   Lovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 20, 2019). [\"House committee approves landmark bill legalizing marijuana at the federal level\"](https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2019\/11\/20\/house-committee-approves-bill-decriminalizing-marijuana-on-the-federal-level.html). *CNBC*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-10)**\n    Angell, Tom (November 20, 2019). [\"Marijuana legalization bill approved by congressional committee in historic vote\"](https:\/\/www.bostonglobe.com\/news\/marijuana\/2019\/11\/20\/marijuana-legalization-bill-approved-congressional-committee-historic-vote\/krJuSAOF8D1X0dCoar8QfI\/story.html). *[The Boston Globe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Boston_Globe \"The Boston Globe\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n11. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-11)**\n    Donohue, Caitlin (November 20, 2019). [\"House Judiciary Committee Approves Historic MORE Act – The cannabis legalization bill will now move to a floor vote in the House\"](https:\/\/hightimes.com\/news\/house-judiciary-committee-approves-historic-more-act\/). *[High Times](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High_Times \"High Times\")*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n12. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-12)**\n    Blistein, Jon (January 14, 2020). [\"Hot Box the House: Inside the Marijuana Bills Congress Will Debate This Week\"](https:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/culture\/culture-news\/marijuana-legalization-bill-congress-hearing-936996\/). *Rolling Stone*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n13. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-13)**\n    [\"Cannabis Policies For The New Decade\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200114174712\/https:\/\/energycommerce.house.gov\/committee-activity\/hearings\/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade). *[United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce \"United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce\")*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/energycommerce.house.gov\/committee-activity\/hearings\/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade) on January 14, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020.\n14. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-14)**\n    Wong, Scott (August 31, 2020). [\"House to tackle funding, marijuana in September\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/514443-house-to-tackle-funding-marijuana-in-september). *The Hill*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n15. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-15)**\n    Ferris, Sarah; Fertig, Natalie (September 17, 2020). [\"House punts marijuana vote\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/09\/17\/congress-marijuana-vote-delayed-417122). *Politico*. Retrieved September 17, 2020.\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-16)**\n    Fertig, Natalie (November 9, 2020). [\"House will vote on cannabis legalization bill in December\"](https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2020\/11\/09\/house-vote-cannabis-legalization-435591). *Politico*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n17. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-MJMoment2020dec_17-0)**\n    Jaeger, Kyle (December 3, 2020). [\"Congress Begins Debate On Marijuana Legalization Bill, With Final Vote Expected Friday\"](https:\/\/www.marijuanamoment.net\/congress-begins-debate-on-marijuana-legalization-bill-with-final-vote-expected-friday\/). *Marijuana Moment*. Retrieved December 3, 2020.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-18)**\n    Walsh, Deirdre (December 4, 2020). [\"House Approves Decriminalizing Marijuana; Bill To Stall In Senate\"](https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2020\/12\/04\/942949288\/house-approves-decriminalizing-marijuana-bill-to-stall-in-senate). *NPR.org*. Retrieved December 5, 2020.\n19. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-1)\n    Stracqualursiv, Veronica; Dezenski, Lauren (December 4, 2020). [\"House passes bill decriminalizing marijuana at federal level\"](https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/12\/04\/politics\/house-vote-more-act-marijuana-legislation\/index.html). *CNN*. Retrieved December 4, 2020.\n20. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-20)**\n    Swanson, Ian (December 4, 2020). [\"Five Republicans vote for bill to decriminalize marijuana\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/528806-five-republicans-vote-for-bill-to-decriminalize-marijuana). *TheHill*. Retrieved December 5, 2020.\n21. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-Hutzler2021_21-0)**\n    Hutzler, Alexandra (May 28, 2021). [\"Bill to Federally Decriminalize Marijuana, Expunge Records Reintroduced in Congress\"](https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/news\/politics\/bill-to-federally-decriminalize-marijuana-expunge-records-reintroduced-in-congress\/ar-AAKuxfK). *[Newsweek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newsweek \"Newsweek\")*. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n22. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-nj20210930_22-0)**\n    Jonathan D. Salant (September 30, 2021), [*Ending federal ban on marijuana clears key House committee*](https:\/\/www.nj.com\/marijuana\/2021\/09\/ending-federal-ban-on-marijuana-clears-key-house-committee.html), nj.com\n23. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-23)**\n    Lauren Clason (September 30, 2021), [\"House committee advances bill to legalize marijuana\"](https:\/\/www.rollcall.com\/2021\/09\/30\/house-committee-advances-bill-to-legalize-marijuana\/), *[Roll Call](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roll_Call \"Roll Call\")*\n24. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-24)**\n    Cristina Marcos (March 24, 2022), [\"Marijuana legalization bill nears House floor vote next week\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/599667-marijuana-legalization-bill-nears-house-floor-vote-next-week), *The Hill*\n25. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-25)**\n    [\"Text of Bills for the Week of Mar. 28, 2022\"](https:\/\/docs.house.gov\/floor\/Default.aspx?date=2022-03-28). *Official website*. United States House of Representatives. March 24, 2022.\n26. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-26)**\n    Steve Gelsi (March 24, 2022). [\"House plans to vote for a second time on cannabis measure\"](https:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/house-plans-to-vote-for-second-time-on-cannabis-measure-2022-03-24). [MarketWatch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MarketWatch \"MarketWatch\").\n27. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-27)**\n    Carney, Jordain (March 28, 2022). [\"This week: House set to vote on marijuana legalization bill\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/homenews\/house\/599970-this-week-house-set-to-vote-on-marijuana-legalization-bill). *The Hill*.\n28. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-28)**\n    Tony Lange (March 31, 2022). [\"MORE Act Clears Rules Committee, Heads to House Floor\"](https:\/\/www.cannabisbusinesstimes.com\/article\/more-act-clears-rules-committee-heads-to-house\/). *Cannabis Business Times*.\n29. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-29)**\n    Cristina Marcos. [\"House approves bill legalizing marijuana\"](https:\/\/thehill.com\/news\/house\/3256370-house-approves-bill-legalizing-marijuana\/). *The Hill*.\n30. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-30)**\n    Best, Paul (August 29, 2020). [\"Marijuana decriminalization vote expected in House\"](https:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/politics\/historic-vote-marijuana-decriminalization). *Fox News*. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n31. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-31)**\n    Gupta, Vanita (August 13, 2020). [\"Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act Letter\"](https:\/\/civilrights.org\/resource\/marijuana-opportunity-reinvestment-and-expungement-more-act-letter\/). *The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights*. Retrieved September 1, 2020.\n32. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-32)**\n    Palmer, Annie (June 1, 2021). [\"Amazon Backs Federal Bill to Legalize Marijuana and Adjusts Its Drug Testing Policy for Some Workers\"](https:\/\/www.nbcnewyork.com\/news\/business\/money-report\/amazon-backs-federal-bill-to-legalize-marijuana-and-adjusts-its-drug-testing-policy-for-some-workers\/3085044\/). CNBC News. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n33. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-33)**\n    Hernandez, Marcus (June 2, 2021). [\"Amazon backs marijuana legalization, drops weed testing for some jobs\"](https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/amazon-backs-marijuana-legalization-drops-weed-testing-some-jobs-2021-06-02\/). *[Reuters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters \"Reuters\")*. Retrieved June 8, 2021.\n34. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-34)**\n    Jarvis, Sarah. [\"House Urged To Vote On Revised Pot Decriminalization Bill\"](https:\/\/www.law360.com\/tax-authority\/articles\/1391298\/house-urged-to-vote-on-revised-pot-decriminalization-bill). *[Law360](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Law360 \"Law360\")*. Lexis-Nexis. Retrieved June 5, 2021.\n35. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-35)**\n    [\"When Will Democrats Get Serious About Repealing Pot Prohibition?\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2022\/04\/06\/when-will-democrats-get-serious-about-repealing-pot-prohibition\/). April 6, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n36. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-36)**\n    [\"Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act\"](https:\/\/www.democrats.senate.gov\/imo\/media\/doc\/CAOA%20Detailed%20Summary%20-.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n37. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-37)**\n    [\"Are Democrats Serious About Legalizing Marijuana?\"](https:\/\/reason.com\/2021\/10\/19\/are-democrats-serious-about-legalizing-marijuana\/). November 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2022.\n\n- [*The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization*](https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov\/product\/pdf\/LSB\/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Congressional_Research_Service \"Congressional Research Service\"), November 25, 2020\n\n- [H.R.3884 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/3884), U.S. House of Representatives\n- [S.2227 - \"MORE Act of 2019\"](https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/senate-bill\/2227), U.S. Senate\n- [House Rules Committee bill text and amendments](https:\/\/rules.house.gov\/bill\/117\/hr-3617) (March 30, 2022 hearing)","meta_canonical":null}

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Boilerpipe Text	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021 Long title To decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes. Legislative history Introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 3617 by Jerry Nadler ( D – NY ) on May 28, 2021 Passed the House of Representatives on April 1, 2022 ( 220-204 ) The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act , also known as the MORE Act , is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act and enact various criminal and social justice reforms related to cannabis , including the expungement of prior convictions. Introduced by Jerry Nadler on May 28, 2021, the House of Representatives passed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022. Provisions of the act include: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Federal legalization of marijuana by removing marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act and directing expungement of related convictions Expressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's "use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any Federal public benefit including federal loans, federal grants , and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any "benefit or protection under the immigration laws". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry. Creates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis) Community Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for "individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs ", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs Cannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals An Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that "minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs Directs the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees According to USA Today , "[t]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs." [ 4 ] States would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally. [ 5 ] Due to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost $3 billion over ten years. [ 6 ] Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020 [ edit ] Matching bills were introduced to the House of Representatives by Jerry Nadler and to the Senate by Kamala Harris on July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a 2020 Democratic Party candidate for U.S. president. [ 7 ] The act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the House Judiciary Committee following markup on November 20, 2019. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Only two Republicans voted in favor. [ 5 ] This was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] The legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the House Energy and Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled "Cannabis Policies For The New Decade". [ 12 ] [ 13 ] According to a message released by Majority Whip Jim Clyburn 's (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020. [ 5 ] House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer , in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September. [ 14 ] This was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on COVID-19-related spending . [ 15 ] Following the November 2020 elections , Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December. [ 16 ] Following debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4, [ 17 ] when the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to end federal marijuana prohibition . [ 18 ] 222 Democrats voted for the bill, while Cheri Bustos , Henry Cuellar , Conor Lamb , Dan Lipinski , Chris Pappas , and Collin Peterson were the six Democrats voting against. [ 19 ] 158 Republicans voted against the bill, while Matt Gaetz , Brian Mast , Tom McClintock , Denver Riggleman , and Don Young were the five Republicans voting in favor. [ 20 ] The sole Libertarian in the House, Justin Amash , also voted for the bill. [ 19 ] Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021 [ edit ] Nadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes. [ 21 ] On September 30, 2021, the House Committee on the Judiciary referred the bill for a vote by the House. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] On March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a House Rules Committee hearing. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] On March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] On April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote. [ 29 ] Legislative history [ edit ] As of May 6, 2024: Congress Short title Bill number(s) Date introduced Sponsor(s) # of cosponsors Latest status 116th Congress MORE Act of 2019 H.R. 3884 July 23, 2019 Jerry Nadler (D-NY) 120 Passed in the House S.2227 July 23, 2019 Kamala Harris (D-CA) 8 Died in Committee 117th Congress MORE Act of 2021 H.R. 3617 May 28, 2021 Jerry Nadler (D-NY) 114 Passed in the House 118th Congress MORE Act of 2023 H.R. 5601 September 20, 2023 Jerry Nadler (D-NY) 87 Referred to committees of jurisdiction Support and opposition [ edit ] In August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups, Vanita Gupta sent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that "In the face of the evolving COVID-19 pandemic and a growing national dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices , marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before." [ 30 ] [ 31 ] On June 1, 2021, Amazon 's consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use. [ 32 ] Amazon also announced that it would use its "public policy team" (lobbying resources) to back the bill. [ 33 ] On June 4, the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights published a letter urging Congress to pass the bill. [ 34 ] In comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support. Thomas Massie (R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create "new marijuana crimes" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a $10,000 fine. [ 35 ] Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) proposed the Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act that would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations. [ 36 ] Proponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called "Liberty Republicans", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant. [ 37 ] ^ The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization , Congressional Research Service , November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556 ^ Wright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019). "Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions" . CNN . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Sullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019). "The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad" . Reason . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Morin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019). "Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it" . USA Today . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ a b c Fertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020). "House set to vote on marijuana legalization" . Politico . Retrieved August 28, 2020 . ^ Weisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022). "House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved April 8, 2022 . ^ LaVito, Angelica (July 23, 2019). "Nadler, Harris to introduce bill decriminalizing pot, expunge marijuana convictions" . CNBC . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Budryk, Zack (November 18, 2019). "House to hold markup Wednesday on marijuana decriminalization bill" . The Hill . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Lovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 20, 2019). "House committee approves landmark bill legalizing marijuana at the federal level" . CNBC . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Angell, Tom (November 20, 2019). "Marijuana legalization bill approved by congressional committee in historic vote" . The Boston Globe . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Donohue, Caitlin (November 20, 2019). "House Judiciary Committee Approves Historic MORE Act – The cannabis legalization bill will now move to a floor vote in the House" . High Times . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Blistein, Jon (January 14, 2020). "Hot Box the House: Inside the Marijuana Bills Congress Will Debate This Week" . Rolling Stone . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ "Cannabis Policies For The New Decade" . United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce . Archived from the original on January 14, 2020 . Retrieved January 14, 2020 . ^ Wong, Scott (August 31, 2020). "House to tackle funding, marijuana in September" . The Hill . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Ferris, Sarah; Fertig, Natalie (September 17, 2020). "House punts marijuana vote" . Politico . Retrieved September 17, 2020 . ^ Fertig, Natalie (November 9, 2020). "House will vote on cannabis legalization bill in December" . Politico . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Jaeger, Kyle (December 3, 2020). "Congress Begins Debate On Marijuana Legalization Bill, With Final Vote Expected Friday" . Marijuana Moment . Retrieved December 3, 2020 . ^ Walsh, Deirdre (December 4, 2020). "House Approves Decriminalizing Marijuana; Bill To Stall In Senate" . NPR.org . Retrieved December 5, 2020 . ^ a b Stracqualursiv, Veronica; Dezenski, Lauren (December 4, 2020). "House passes bill decriminalizing marijuana at federal level" . CNN . Retrieved December 4, 2020 . ^ Swanson, Ian (December 4, 2020). "Five Republicans vote for bill to decriminalize marijuana" . TheHill . Retrieved December 5, 2020 . ^ Hutzler, Alexandra (May 28, 2021). "Bill to Federally Decriminalize Marijuana, Expunge Records Reintroduced in Congress" . Newsweek . Retrieved June 5, 2021 . ^ Jonathan D. Salant (September 30, 2021), Ending federal ban on marijuana clears key House committee , nj.com ^ Lauren Clason (September 30, 2021), "House committee advances bill to legalize marijuana" , Roll Call ^ Cristina Marcos (March 24, 2022), "Marijuana legalization bill nears House floor vote next week" , The Hill ^ "Text of Bills for the Week of Mar. 28, 2022" . Official website . United States House of Representatives. March 24, 2022. ^ Steve Gelsi (March 24, 2022). "House plans to vote for a second time on cannabis measure" . MarketWatch . ^ Carney, Jordain (March 28, 2022). "This week: House set to vote on marijuana legalization bill" . The Hill . ^ Tony Lange (March 31, 2022). "MORE Act Clears Rules Committee, Heads to House Floor" . Cannabis Business Times . ^ Cristina Marcos. "House approves bill legalizing marijuana" . The Hill . ^ Best, Paul (August 29, 2020). "Marijuana decriminalization vote expected in House" . Fox News . Retrieved September 1, 2020 . ^ Gupta, Vanita (August 13, 2020). "Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act Letter" . The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights . Retrieved September 1, 2020 . ^ Palmer, Annie (June 1, 2021). "Amazon Backs Federal Bill to Legalize Marijuana and Adjusts Its Drug Testing Policy for Some Workers" . CNBC News . Retrieved June 5, 2021 . ^ Hernandez, Marcus (June 2, 2021). "Amazon backs marijuana legalization, drops weed testing for some jobs" . Reuters . Retrieved June 8, 2021 . ^ Jarvis, Sarah. "House Urged To Vote On Revised Pot Decriminalization Bill" . Law360 . Lexis-Nexis . Retrieved June 5, 2021 . ^ "When Will Democrats Get Serious About Repealing Pot Prohibition?" . April 6, 2022 . Retrieved April 7, 2022 . ^ "Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act" (PDF) . Retrieved April 7, 2022 . ^ "Are Democrats Serious About Legalizing Marijuana?" . November 2021 . Retrieved April 7, 2022 . The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization , Congressional Research Service , November 25, 2020 H.R.3884 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019 , U.S. House of Representatives S.2227 - "MORE Act of 2019" , U.S. Senate House Rules Committee bill text and amendments (March 30, 2022 hearing)
Markdown	[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Marijuana+Opportunity+Reinvestment+and+Expungement+Act "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Marijuana+Opportunity+Reinvestment+and+Expungement+Act "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act) - [1 Provisions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Provisions) - [2 History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#History) Toggle History subsection - [2\.1 Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act_of_2019/2020) - [2\.2 Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act_of_2021) - [3 Legislative history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Legislative_history) - [4 Support and opposition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Support_and_opposition) - [5 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#References) - [6 Further reading](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#Further_reading) - [7 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act Add languages [Add links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q85783858#sitelinks-wikipedia "Add interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act) - [Edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit "Edit this page [e]") - 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[Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q85783858 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]") Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Proposed U.S. federal legislation to decriminalize cannabis \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![Great Seal of the United States](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/250px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_$obverse$.svg) \| \| \| Long title \| To decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes. \| \| [Legislative history](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617/actions) \| \| \| Introduced in the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") as [H.R. 3617](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617) by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") ([D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_$United_States$ "Democratic Party (United States)")–[NY](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_$state$ "New York (state)")) on May 28, 2021 Passed the House of Representatives on April 1, 2022 ([220-204](https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2022107)) \| \| The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act, also known as the MORE Act, is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would [deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act "Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act") and enact various [criminal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_justice_reform_in_the_United_States "Criminal justice reform in the United States") and [social justice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_justice "Social justice") reforms related to [cannabis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_$drug$ "Cannabis (drug)"), including the [expungement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expungement_in_the_United_States "Expungement in the United States") of prior convictions. Introduced by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") on May 28, 2021, the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") passed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022. ## Provisions \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Provisions")\] Provisions of the act include:[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-1)[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-2)[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-3) - Federal legalization of marijuana by [removing marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act "Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act") and directing [expungement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expungement "Expungement") of related convictions - Expressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's "use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any [Federal public benefit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_public_benefit "Federal public benefit") including federal loans, [federal grants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_grants_in_the_United_States "Federal grants in the United States"), and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any "benefit or protection under the immigration laws". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry. - Creates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis) - Community Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for "individuals most adversely impacted by the [war on drugs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_drugs "War on drugs")", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs - Cannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals - An Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that "minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs - Directs the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees According to [USA Today](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today "USA Today"), "\[t\]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs."[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-4) States would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) Due to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The [Congressional Budget Office](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office "Congressional Budget Office") (CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost \$3 billion over ten years.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-6) ## History \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: History")\] ### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020")\] Matching bills were introduced to the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") and to the Senate by [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris "Kamala Harris") on July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a [2020 Democratic Party candidate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries "2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries") for U.S. president.[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-7) The act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the [House Judiciary Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee "House Judiciary Committee") following [markup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_$legislation$ "Markup (legislation)") on November 20, 2019.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-8)[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-9) Only two Republicans voted in favor.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) This was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-10)[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-11) The legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the [House Energy and Commerce Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Energy_and_Commerce_Committee "House Energy and Commerce Committee") Subcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled "Cannabis Policies For The New Decade".[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-12)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-13) According to a message released by Majority Whip [Jim Clyburn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Clyburn "Jim Clyburn")'s (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) House Majority Leader [Steny Hoyer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steny_Hoyer "Steny Hoyer"), in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-14) This was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on [COVID-19-related spending](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Congressional_response "U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic").[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-15) Following the [November 2020 elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_elections "2020 United States elections"), Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-16) Following debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4,[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-MJMoment2020dec-17) when the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to [end federal marijuana prohibition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States").[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-18) 222 Democrats voted for the bill, while [Cheri Bustos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheri_Bustos "Cheri Bustos"), [Henry Cuellar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Cuellar "Henry Cuellar"), [Conor Lamb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conor_Lamb "Conor Lamb"), [Dan Lipinski](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Lipinski "Dan Lipinski"), [Chris Pappas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Pappas_$American_politician$ "Chris Pappas (American politician)"), and [Collin Peterson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collin_Peterson "Collin Peterson") were the six Democrats voting against.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) 158 Republicans voted against the bill, while [Matt Gaetz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Gaetz "Matt Gaetz"), [Brian Mast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Mast "Brian Mast"), [Tom McClintock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_McClintock "Tom McClintock"), [Denver Riggleman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver_Riggleman "Denver Riggleman"), and [Don Young](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Young "Don Young") were the five Republicans voting in favor.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-20) The sole Libertarian in the House, [Justin Amash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin_Amash "Justin Amash"), also voted for the bill.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) ### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021")\] Nadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-Hutzler2021-21) On September 30, 2021, the [House Committee on the Judiciary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary "House Committee on the Judiciary") referred the bill for a vote by the House.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-nj20210930-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-23) On March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a [House Rules Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Rules_Committee "House Rules Committee") hearing.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-26) On March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-27)[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-28) On April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-29) ## Legislative history \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Legislative history")\] As of May 6, 2024: \| Congress \| Short title \| Bill number(s) \| Date introduced \| Sponsor(s) \| \# of cosponsors \| Latest status \| \|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\| \| [116th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress "116th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2019 \| [H.R. 3884](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3884) \| July 23, 2019 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 120 \| Passed in the House \| \| [S.2227](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/2227) \| July 23, 2019 \| [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris "Kamala Harris") (D-CA) \| 8 \| Died in Committee \| \| \| \| [117th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress "117th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2021 \| [H.R. 3617](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617?s=2&r=4) \| May 28, 2021 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 114 \| Passed in the House \| \| [118th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress "118th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2023 \| [H.R. 5601](https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/5601) \| September 20, 2023 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 87 \| Referred to committees of jurisdiction \| ## Support and opposition \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Support and opposition")\] In August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups, [Vanita Gupta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanita_Gupta "Vanita Gupta") sent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that "In the face of the evolving [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") and a growing [national dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Floyd_protests "George Floyd protests"), marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before."[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-30)[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-31) On June 1, 2021, [Amazon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_$company$ "Amazon (company)")'s consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-32) Amazon also announced that it would use its "public policy team" (lobbying resources) to back the bill.[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-33) On June 4, the [Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership_Conference_on_Civil_and_Human_Rights "Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights") published a letter urging Congress to pass the bill.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-34) In comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support. [Thomas Massie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie "Thomas Massie") (R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create "new marijuana crimes" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a \$10,000 fine.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-35) Senate Majority Leader [Chuck Schumer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Schumer "Chuck Schumer") (D-NY) proposed the [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act "Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act") that would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-36) Proponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called "Liberty Republicans", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-37) ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: References")\] 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-1) [The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization](https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service "Congressional Research Service"), November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-2) Wright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019). ["Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions"](https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/23/politics/kamala-harris-marijuana-decriminalization-bill/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN "CNN"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-3) Sullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019). ["The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad"](https://reason.com/2019/07/23/the-harris-nadler-marijuana-bill-goes-further-than-others-in-ways-good-and-bad/). [Reason](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason_$magazine$ "Reason (magazine)"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-4) Morin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019). ["Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/07/23/harris-introduces-federal-legislation-legalize-marijuana/1801194001/). USA Today. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 5. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-2) Fertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020). ["House set to vote on marijuana legalization"](https://www.politico.com/news/2020/08/28/marijuana-legalization-house-vote-404455). [Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico "Politico"). Retrieved August 28, 2020. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-6)* Weisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022). ["House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/01/us/politics/marijuana-legalization.html). The New York Times. 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Retrieved December 3, 2020. 15. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-15) Ferris, Sarah; Fertig, Natalie (September 17, 2020). ["House punts marijuana vote"](https://www.politico.com/news/2020/09/17/congress-marijuana-vote-delayed-417122). Politico. Retrieved September 17, 2020. 16. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-16) Fertig, Natalie (November 9, 2020). ["House will vote on cannabis legalization bill in December"](https://www.politico.com/news/2020/11/09/house-vote-cannabis-legalization-435591). Politico. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 17. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-MJMoment2020dec_17-0) Jaeger, Kyle (December 3, 2020). ["Congress Begins Debate On Marijuana Legalization Bill, With Final Vote Expected Friday"](https://www.marijuanamoment.net/congress-begins-debate-on-marijuana-legalization-bill-with-final-vote-expected-friday/). Marijuana Moment. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 18. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-18) Walsh, Deirdre (December 4, 2020). ["House Approves Decriminalizing Marijuana; Bill To Stall In Senate"](https://www.npr.org/2020/12/04/942949288/house-approves-decriminalizing-marijuana-bill-to-stall-in-senate). NPR.org. Retrieved December 5, 2020. 19. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-cnn-passed_19-1) Stracqualursiv, Veronica; Dezenski, Lauren (December 4, 2020). ["House passes bill decriminalizing marijuana at federal level"](https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/04/politics/house-vote-more-act-marijuana-legislation/index.html). CNN. Retrieved December 4, 2020. 20. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-20)* Swanson, Ian (December 4, 2020). ["Five Republicans vote for bill to decriminalize marijuana"](https://thehill.com/homenews/house/528806-five-republicans-vote-for-bill-to-decriminalize-marijuana). TheHill. Retrieved December 5, 2020. 21. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-Hutzler2021_21-0) Hutzler, Alexandra (May 28, 2021). ["Bill to Federally Decriminalize Marijuana, Expunge Records Reintroduced in Congress"](https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/bill-to-federally-decriminalize-marijuana-expunge-records-reintroduced-in-congress/ar-AAKuxfK). [Newsweek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsweek "Newsweek"). Retrieved June 5, 2021. 22. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-nj20210930_22-0) Jonathan D. Salant (September 30, 2021), [Ending federal ban on marijuana clears key House committee](https://www.nj.com/marijuana/2021/09/ending-federal-ban-on-marijuana-clears-key-house-committee.html), nj.com 23. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-23) Lauren Clason (September 30, 2021), ["House committee advances bill to legalize marijuana"](https://www.rollcall.com/2021/09/30/house-committee-advances-bill-to-legalize-marijuana/), [Roll Call](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll_Call "Roll Call") 24. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-24) Cristina Marcos (March 24, 2022), ["Marijuana legalization bill nears House floor vote next week"](https://thehill.com/homenews/house/599667-marijuana-legalization-bill-nears-house-floor-vote-next-week), The Hill 25. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-25) ["Text of Bills for the Week of Mar. 28, 2022"](https://docs.house.gov/floor/Default.aspx?date=2022-03-28). Official website. United States House of Representatives. March 24, 2022. 26. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-26) Steve Gelsi (March 24, 2022). ["House plans to vote for a second time on cannabis measure"](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/house-plans-to-vote-for-second-time-on-cannabis-measure-2022-03-24). [MarketWatch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarketWatch "MarketWatch"). 27. 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Retrieved April 7, 2022. ## Further reading \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Further reading")\] - [The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization](https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service "Congressional Research Service"), November 25, 2020 ## External links \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: External links")\] - [H.R.3884 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3884), U.S. House of Representatives - [S.2227 - "MORE Act of 2019"](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/2227), U.S. Senate - [House Rules Committee bill text and amendments](https://rules.house.gov/bill/117/hr-3617) (March 30, 2022 hearing) \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cannabis_in_the_United_States "Template:Cannabis in the United States") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cannabis_in_the_United_States "Template talk:Cannabis in the United States") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis_in_the_United_States "Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis in the United States")[Cannabis in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_United_States "Cannabis in the United States") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [Federal law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Legal history of cannabis in the United States") \| \| \| \| \| \| Laws and bills \| [Marihuana Tax Act of 1937](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marihuana_Tax_Act_of_1937 "Marihuana Tax Act of 1937") [Controlled Substances Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Act "Controlled Substances Act") (1970) [Solomon–Lautenberg amendment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon%E2%80%93Lautenberg_amendment "Solomon–Lautenberg amendment") (1990) [Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ending_Federal_Marijuana_Prohibition_Act "Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act") (2011) [Cole Memorandum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cole_Memorandum "Cole Memorandum") (2013) [Rohrabacher–Farr amendment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohrabacher%E2%80%93Farr_amendment "Rohrabacher–Farr amendment") (2014) [STATES Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STATES_Act "STATES Act") (2018) [Marijuana Justice Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Justice_Act "Marijuana Justice Act") (2019) [Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Freedom_and_Opportunity_Act "Marijuana Freedom and Opportunity Act") (2019) [SAFE Banking Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAFE_Banking_Act "SAFE Banking Act") (2019) [MORE Act]() (2019) [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act "Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act") (2022) [Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_Marijuana_and_Cannabidiol_Research_Expansion_Act "Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act") (2022) \| \| Court cases \| [Leary v. United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leary_v._United_States "Leary v. United States") (1969) [Ravin v. State](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravin_v._State "Ravin v. State") (1975) [Conant v. Walters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conant_v._Walters "Conant v. Walters") (2000) [United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Oakland_Cannabis_Buyers%27_Cooperative "United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative") (2001) [Gonzales v. Raich](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzales_v._Raich "Gonzales v. Raich") (2005) [Moncrieffe v. Holder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moncrieffe_v._Holder "Moncrieffe v. Holder") (2013) [Americans for Safe Access v. Drug Enforcement Administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americans_for_Safe_Access_v._Drug_Enforcement_Administration "Americans for Safe Access v. Drug Enforcement Administration") (2013) \| \| [Legality by jurisdiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis_by_U.S._jurisdiction "Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Recreational use](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States") \| [Alaska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Alaska "Cannabis in Alaska") [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Arizona "Cannabis in Arizona") [California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_California "Cannabis in California") [Colorado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Colorado "Cannabis in Colorado") [Connecticut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Connecticut "Cannabis in Connecticut") [Delaware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Delaware "Cannabis in Delaware") [Illinois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Illinois "Cannabis in Illinois") [Maine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Maine "Cannabis in Maine") [Maryland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Maryland "Cannabis in Maryland") [Massachusetts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Massachusetts "Cannabis in Massachusetts") [Michigan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Michigan "Cannabis in Michigan") [Minnesota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Minnesota "Cannabis in Minnesota") [Missouri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Missouri "Cannabis in Missouri") [Montana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Montana "Cannabis in Montana") [Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Nevada "Cannabis in Nevada") [New Jersey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_New_Jersey "Cannabis in New Jersey") [New Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_New_Mexico "Cannabis in New Mexico") [New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_New_York "Cannabis in New York") [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Ohio "Cannabis in Ohio") [Oregon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Oregon "Cannabis in Oregon") [Rhode Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Rhode_Island "Cannabis in Rhode Island") [Vermont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Vermont "Cannabis in Vermont") [Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Virginia "Cannabis in Virginia") [Washington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Washington_$state$ "Cannabis in Washington (state)") [Guam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Guam "Cannabis in Guam") [Northern Mariana Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands "Cannabis in the Northern Mariana Islands") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands "Cannabis in the United States Virgin Islands") [District of Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Washington,_D.C. "Cannabis in Washington, D.C.") \| \| [Medical use](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Medical cannabis in the United States") \| [Alabama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Alabama "Cannabis in Alabama") [Arkansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Arkansas "Cannabis in Arkansas") [Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Florida "Cannabis in Florida") [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Hawaii "Cannabis in Hawaii") [Kentucky](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Kentucky "Cannabis in Kentucky") [Louisiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Louisiana "Cannabis in Louisiana") [Mississippi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Mississippi "Cannabis in Mississippi") [Nebraska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Nebraska "Cannabis in Nebraska") [New Hampshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_New_Hampshire "Cannabis in New Hampshire") [North Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_North_Dakota "Cannabis in North Dakota") [Oklahoma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Oklahoma "Cannabis in Oklahoma") [Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Pennsylvania "Cannabis in Pennsylvania") [South Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_South_Dakota "Cannabis in South Dakota") [Utah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Utah "Cannabis in Utah") [West Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_West_Virginia "Cannabis in West Virginia") [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Puerto_Rico "Cannabis in Puerto Rico") \| \| [Decriminalized](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decriminalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States") \| [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Hawaii "Cannabis in Hawaii") [Louisiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Louisiana "Cannabis in Louisiana") [Mississippi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Mississippi "Cannabis in Mississippi") [New Hampshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_New_Hampshire "Cannabis in New Hampshire") [North Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_North_Carolina "Cannabis in North Carolina") [North Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_North_Dakota "Cannabis in North Dakota") \| \| Illegal \| [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Georgia_$U.S._state$ "Cannabis in Georgia (U.S. state)") [Idaho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Idaho "Cannabis in Idaho") [Indiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Indiana "Cannabis in Indiana") [Iowa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Iowa "Cannabis in Iowa") [Kansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Kansas "Cannabis in Kansas") [South Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_South_Carolina "Cannabis in South Carolina") [Tennessee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Tennessee "Cannabis in Tennessee") [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Texas "Cannabis in Texas") [Wisconsin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Wisconsin "Cannabis in Wisconsin") [Wyoming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_Wyoming "Cannabis in Wyoming") [American Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_in_American_Samoa "Cannabis in American Samoa") \| \| Regulation \| [List of United States cannabis regulatory agencies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_cannabis_regulatory_agencies "List of United States cannabis regulatory agencies") [Cannabis product testing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_product_testing "Cannabis product testing") [Rescheduling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act "Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act") \| \| Related \| [Timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_cannabis_laws_in_the_United_States "Timeline of cannabis laws in the United States") [Congressional Cannabis Caucus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Cannabis_Caucus "Congressional Cannabis Caucus") [Politicians who have admitted use](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_politicians_who_have_acknowledged_cannabis_use "List of United States politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use") [Cannabis on American Indian reservations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_on_American_Indian_reservations "Cannabis on American Indian reservations") [Cannabis and the U.S. military](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_and_the_United_States_military "Cannabis and the United States military") [Marijuana Policy Project](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Policy_Project "Marijuana Policy Project") [NORML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Organization_for_the_Reform_of_Marijuana_Laws "National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws") [Harry J. Anslinger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_J._Anslinger "Harry J. Anslinger") [Dispensaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_dispensaries_in_the_United_States "Cannabis dispensaries in the United States") \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Kamala_Harris "Template:Kamala Harris") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Kamala_Harris "Template talk:Kamala Harris") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kamala_Harris "Special:EditPage/Template:Kamala Harris")[Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris "Kamala Harris") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [49th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States "List of vice presidents of the United States") [Vice President of the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States "Vice President of the United States") (2021–2025) [U.S. Senator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate "United States Senate") [from California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California "List of United States senators from California") (2017–2021) [Attorney General of California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_California "Attorney General of California") (2011–2017) [District Attorney of San Francisco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_District_Attorney%27s_Office "San Francisco District Attorney's Office") (2004–2011) \| \| \| Life and politics \| [Early life and career](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Kamala_Harris "Early life and career of Kamala Harris") [California Attorney General tenure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_as_Attorney_General_of_California "Kamala Harris as Attorney General of California") [U.S. Senate career](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Senate_career_of_Kamala_Harris "US Senate career of Kamala Harris") [Justice for Victims of Lynching Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_for_Victims_of_Lynching_Act "Justice for Victims of Lynching Act") [MORE Act]() [Rent Relief Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rent_Relief_Act "Rent Relief Act") [Vice presidency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_presidency_of_Kamala_Harris "Vice presidency of Kamala Harris") [Biden transition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden "Presidential transition of Joe Biden") [White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Gun_Violence_Prevention "White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention") [Trump transition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump "Second presidential transition of Donald Trump") [Political positions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_positions_of_Kamala_Harris "Political positions of Kamala Harris") \| \| [Elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Kamala_Harris "Electoral history of Kamala Harris") \| \| \| \| \| \| [California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_California "Politics of California") \| [District Attorney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Kamala_Harris#District_Attorney_of_San_Francisco "Early life and career of Kamala Harris") [2003](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Kamala_Harris#2003 "Electoral history of Kamala Harris") [2007](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_San_Francisco_general_election#District_attorney "2007 San Francisco general election") [Attorney General](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_as_Attorney_General_of_California "Kamala Harris as Attorney General of California") [2010](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_California_Attorney_General_election "2010 California Attorney General election") [2014](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_California_Attorney_General_election "2014 California Attorney General election") [U.S. Senator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Senate_career_of_Kamala_Harris "US Senate career of Kamala Harris") [2016](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_California "2016 United States Senate election in California") \| \| [Vice presidency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_presidency_of_Kamala_Harris "Vice presidency of Kamala Harris") \| [2020 campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden_2020_presidential_campaign "Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign") [selection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection "2020 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection") [convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention "2020 Democratic National Convention") [debate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates#October_7:_Vice_presidential_debate_$University_of_Utah$ "2020 United States presidential debates") [election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election "2020 United States presidential election") [transition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden#Harris_Senate_transition "Presidential transition of Joe Biden") [2024 campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden_2024_presidential_campaign "Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign") [Biden withdrawal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election "Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election") \| \| [Presidential campaigns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_presidential_campaign "Kamala Harris presidential campaign") \| [2020 campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2020_presidential_campaign "Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign") [debates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates "2020 Democratic Party presidential debates") [endorsements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2020_presidential_campaign_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign endorsements") [primaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries "2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries") [2024 campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign "Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign") [endorsements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign endorsements") [non-political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign non-political endorsements") [political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign political endorsements") [congressional legislators](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_congressional_legislators_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign congressional legislators endorsements") [federal executive officials](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_federal_executive_officials_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign federal executive officials endorsements") [former Trump officials](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_former_Trump_administration_officials_who_endorsed_Kamala_Harris "List of former Trump administration officials who endorsed Kamala Harris") [international](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_international_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign international endorsements") [sub-national officials](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_sub-national_officials_endorsements "List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign sub-national officials endorsements") [running mate selection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection "2024 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection") [convention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Democratic_National_Convention "2024 Democratic National Convention") [debate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates#September_10:_Second_presidential_debate_$ABC,_Philadelphia$ "2024 United States presidential debates") [election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election "2024 United States presidential election") \| \| Bibliography \| [Smart on Crime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_on_Crime "Smart on Crime") [Superheroes Are Everywhere](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superheroes_Are_Everywhere "Superheroes Are Everywhere") [The Truths We Hold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Truths_We_Hold "The Truths We Hold") [107 Days](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/107_Days "107 Days") \| \| [Public image](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_image_of_Kamala_Harris "Public image of Kamala Harris") \| [4 AM club](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_AM_club "4 AM club") [The 47th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_47th "The 47th") [KHive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KHive "KHive") "[We did it, Joe\!](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_did_it,_Joe! "We did it, Joe!")" "[You think you just fell out of a coconut tree?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_think_you_just_fell_out_of_a_coconut_tree%3F "You think you just fell out of a coconut tree?")" "[Kamala is for they/them](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_is_for_they/them "Kamala is for they/them")" \| \| [Family](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_of_Kamala_Harris "Family of Kamala Harris") \| [P. V. Gopalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Gopalan "P. V. Gopalan") (maternal grandfather) [Shyamala Gopalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shyamala_Gopalan "Shyamala Gopalan") (mother) [Maya Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_Harris "Maya Harris") (sister) [Meena Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meena_Harris "Meena Harris") (niece) [Donald J. Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_J._Harris "Donald J. Harris") (father) [Doug Emhoff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug_Emhoff "Doug Emhoff") (husband) [Ella Emhoff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ella_Emhoff "Ella Emhoff") (stepdaughter) [Tony West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_West_$attorney$ "Tony West (attorney)") (brother-in-law) \| \| [← Mike Pence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Pence "Mike Pence") [JD Vance →](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Vance "JD Vance") ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Kamala_Harris "Category:Kamala Harris") [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg "Commons page") [Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kamala_Harris "commons:Category:Kamala Harris") \| \| [Portals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals "Wikipedia:Contents/Portals"): - [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/20px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cannabis_leaf.svg) [Cannabis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Cannabis "Portal:Cannabis") - [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/40px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg) [Law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Law "Portal:Law") - ![flag](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png) [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:United_States "Portal:United States") ![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1) Retrieved from "<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&oldid=1322881340>" [Categories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"): - [2019 cannabis law reform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2019_cannabis_law_reform "Category:2019 cannabis law reform") - [Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Proposed_legislation_of_the_116th_United_States_Congress "Category:Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress") - [Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Proposed_legislation_of_the_117th_United_States_Congress "Category:Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress") - [Cannabis law in the United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cannabis_law_in_the_United_States "Category:Cannabis law in the United States") - [2020 cannabis law reform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2020_cannabis_law_reform "Category:2020 cannabis law reform") - [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Kamala_Harris "Category:Kamala Harris") - [United States proposed federal civil rights legislation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_proposed_federal_civil_rights_legislation "Category:United States proposed federal civil rights legislation") Hidden categories: - [Articles with short description](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description") - [Short description is different from Wikidata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata "Category:Short description is different from Wikidata") - [Use American English from June 2025](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_June_2025 "Category:Use American English from June 2025") - [All Wikipedia articles written in American English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English "Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English") - [Use mdy dates from August 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_August_2020 "Category:Use mdy dates from August 2020") - This page was last edited on 18 November 2025, at 11:38 (UTC). - Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License "Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License"); additional terms may apply. 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Readable Markdown	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![Great Seal of the United States](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/250px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_$obverse$.svg) \| \| \| Long title \| To decriminalize and deschedule cannabis, to provide for reinvestment in certain persons adversely impacted by the War on Drugs, to provide for expungement of certain cannabis offenses, and for other purposes. \| \| [Legislative history](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617/actions) \| \| \| Introduced in the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") as [H.R. 3617](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617) by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") ([D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_$United_States$ "Democratic Party (United States)")–[NY](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_$state$ "New York (state)")) on May 28, 2021 Passed the House of Representatives on April 1, 2022 ([220-204](https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2022107)) \| \| The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act, also known as the MORE Act, is a proposed piece of U.S. federal legislation that would [deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act "Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act") and enact various [criminal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_justice_reform_in_the_United_States "Criminal justice reform in the United States") and [social justice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_justice "Social justice") reforms related to [cannabis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_$drug$ "Cannabis (drug)"), including the [expungement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expungement_in_the_United_States "Expungement in the United States") of prior convictions. Introduced by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") on May 28, 2021, the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") passed the bill for the second time on April 1, 2022. Provisions of the act include:[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-1)[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-2)[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-3) - Federal legalization of marijuana by [removing marijuana (cannabis) and THC from the Controlled Substances Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act "Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act") and directing [expungement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expungement "Expungement") of related convictions - Expressly prohibits the denial of federal benefits based on a would-be recipient's "use or possession of cannabis, or on the basis of a conviction or adjudication of juvenile delinquency for a cannabis offense". Specifically, it would prohibit the denial of any [Federal public benefit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_public_benefit "Federal public benefit") including federal loans, [federal grants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_grants_in_the_United_States "Federal grants in the United States"), and contracts as well as benefits such as welfare, unemployment, and food assistance—or any "benefit or protection under the immigration laws". The bill would also bar certain federally-funded programs from declining to provide services or financial assistance to an otherwise eligible small business because the business operates in the cannabis industry. - Creates cannabis tax and grant programs funded by a 5% tax on cannabis products (excluding prescription medications derived from cannabis) - Community Reinvestment Grant Program providing services for "individuals most adversely impacted by the [war on drugs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_drugs "War on drugs")", including job training, health education, mentoring, literacy programs, and substance use treatment programs - Cannabis Opportunity Program providing funds for eligible states to make loans to assist small businesses in the cannabis industry that are owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals - An Equitable Licensing Grant Program providing funds for eligible states to develop and implement equitable cannabis licensing programs that "minimize barriers to cannabis licensing and employment for individuals most adversely impacted by the war on drugs - Directs the Bureau of Labor Statistics to gather demographic data about cannabis business owners and employees According to [USA Today](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today "USA Today"), "\[t\]he trust funds the Act would create include the Community Reinvestment Grant, which would provide funding for services such as job training, re-entry services and legal aid; the Cannabis Opportunity Grant, which would provides funds to assist small businesses in the pot industry; and the Equitable Licensing Grant, which minimizes barriers to gain access to marijuana licensing and employment for those most impacted by the so-called war on drugs."[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-4) States would maintain their own laws regarding the substance, including whether to legalize it locally.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) Due to reduced law enforcement activity and prison costs associated with marijuana-related crimes, the bill would reduce federal expenditures by hundreds of millions of dollars, according to the New York Times. The [Congressional Budget Office](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office "Congressional Budget Office") (CBO) estimates that the bill would reduce the deficit by almost \$3 billion over ten years.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-6) ### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019/2020")\] Matching bills were introduced to the [House of Representatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives "United States House of Representatives") by [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") and to the Senate by [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris "Kamala Harris") on July 23, 2019. At the time, Harris was a [2020 Democratic Party candidate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries "2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries") for U.S. president.[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-7) The act was passed with a 24–10 majority by the [House Judiciary Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee "House Judiciary Committee") following [markup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_$legislation$ "Markup (legislation)") on November 20, 2019.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-8)[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-9) Only two Republicans voted in favor.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) This was the first time in history a congressional committee approved a bill to end federal marijuana prohibition.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-10)[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-11) The legislation was scheduled for a hearing by the [House Energy and Commerce Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Energy_and_Commerce_Committee "House Energy and Commerce Committee") Subcommittee on Health on January 15, 2020, titled "Cannabis Policies For The New Decade".[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-12)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-13) According to a message released by Majority Whip [Jim Clyburn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Clyburn "Jim Clyburn")'s (D-SC) office, the House would vote on the bill in September 2020.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-:0-5) House Majority Leader [Steny Hoyer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steny_Hoyer "Steny Hoyer"), in a letter to colleagues, confirmed that the vote would occur by the end of September.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-14) This was later delayed until later in the year as a result on needing to focus on [COVID-19-related spending](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Congressional_response "U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic").[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-15) Following the [November 2020 elections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_States_elections "2020 United States elections"), Hoyer announced the bill would get a floor vote in December.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-16) Following debate on the House floor on December 3, a vote was scheduled for December 4,[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-MJMoment2020dec-17) when the bill passed with a 228–164 majority, mostly along party lines, marking the first time a chamber of Congress approved legislation to [end federal marijuana prohibition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States "Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States").[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-18) 222 Democrats voted for the bill, while [Cheri Bustos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheri_Bustos "Cheri Bustos"), [Henry Cuellar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Cuellar "Henry Cuellar"), [Conor Lamb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conor_Lamb "Conor Lamb"), [Dan Lipinski](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Lipinski "Dan Lipinski"), [Chris Pappas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Pappas_$American_politician$ "Chris Pappas (American politician)"), and [Collin Peterson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collin_Peterson "Collin Peterson") were the six Democrats voting against.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) 158 Republicans voted against the bill, while [Matt Gaetz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Gaetz "Matt Gaetz"), [Brian Mast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Mast "Brian Mast"), [Tom McClintock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_McClintock "Tom McClintock"), [Denver Riggleman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver_Riggleman "Denver Riggleman"), and [Don Young](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Young "Don Young") were the five Republicans voting in favor.[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-20) The sole Libertarian in the House, [Justin Amash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin_Amash "Justin Amash"), also voted for the bill.[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-cnn-passed-19) ### Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021 \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2021")\] Nadler reintroduced the bill to Congress on May 28, 2021, with some changes.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-Hutzler2021-21) On September 30, 2021, the [House Committee on the Judiciary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary "House Committee on the Judiciary") referred the bill for a vote by the House.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-nj20210930-22)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-23) On March 24, it was scheduled to be considered for a House floor vote sometime the following week, pending a [House Rules Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Rules_Committee "House Rules Committee") hearing.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-26) On March 30, the Rules Committee cleared the bill for a House floor vote with amendments related to immigration, studies on workplace and traffic safety, and security clearances.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-27)[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-28) On April 1, the bill passed in the House on a 220–204 vote.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-29) ## Legislative history \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Legislative history")\] As of May 6, 2024: \| Congress \| Short title \| Bill number(s) \| Date introduced \| Sponsor(s) \| \# of cosponsors \| Latest status \| \|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\|---\| \| [116th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress "116th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2019 \| [H.R. 3884](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3884) \| July 23, 2019 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 120 \| Passed in the House \| \| [S.2227](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/2227) \| July 23, 2019 \| [Kamala Harris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris "Kamala Harris") (D-CA) \| 8 \| Died in Committee \| \| \| \| [117th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress "117th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2021 \| [H.R. 3617](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3617?s=2&r=4) \| May 28, 2021 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 114 \| Passed in the House \| \| [118th Congress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress "118th United States Congress") \| MORE Act of 2023 \| [H.R. 5601](https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/5601) \| September 20, 2023 \| [Jerry Nadler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Nadler "Jerry Nadler") (D-NY) \| 87 \| Referred to committees of jurisdiction \| ## Support and opposition \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Support and opposition")\] In August 2020, on the behalf of a long list of civil rights and drug policy activist groups, [Vanita Gupta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanita_Gupta "Vanita Gupta") sent a letter to Democratic congressional leaders calling for a vote on the act. The letter states that "In the face of the evolving [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") and a growing [national dialogue on unjust law enforcement practices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Floyd_protests "George Floyd protests"), marijuana reform as a modest first step at chipping away at the war on drugs is more relevant and more pressing than ever before."[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-30)[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-31) On June 1, 2021, [Amazon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_$company$ "Amazon (company)")'s consumer CEO announced the company's support for the bill and that it would no longer test non-transportation workers for cannabis use.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-32) Amazon also announced that it would use its "public policy team" (lobbying resources) to back the bill.[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-33) On June 4, the [Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership_Conference_on_Civil_and_Human_Rights "Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights") published a letter urging Congress to pass the bill.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-34) In comparison to the first iteration of the MORE Act in 2019/2020, the Act of 2021 had less GOP support. [Thomas Massie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Massie "Thomas Massie") (R-KY), a supporter of cannabis legalization, criticized the bill stating that it would create "new marijuana crimes" with each violation punishable by up to five years in prison and a \$10,000 fine.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-35) Senate Majority Leader [Chuck Schumer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Schumer "Chuck Schumer") (D-NY) proposed the [Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_Administration_and_Opportunity_Act "Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act") that would, in addition to legalizing cannabis, implement a federal excise tax on marijuana starting at 10 percent and rising to 25 percent by the fifth year, which would be in addition to the state and local taxes and additional taxes and regulations.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-36) Proponents of cannabis legalization are skeptical that this or similar bills will pass as so called "Liberty Republicans", such as Massie who would support cannabis legalization, have expressed that they will not support legislation that broadens government authority over the regulation of the plant.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_note-37) 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-1) [The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization](https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10556), [Congressional Research Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service "Congressional Research Service"), November 25, 2020, Legal Sidebar LSB10556 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-2) Wright, Jasmine; Lah, Kyung (July 23, 2019). ["Kamala Harris and Jerry Nadler team on plan to decriminalize pot, expunge convictions"](https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/23/politics/kamala-harris-marijuana-decriminalization-bill/index.html). [CNN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN "CNN"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-3) Sullum, Jacob (July 23, 2019). ["The Harris-Nadler Marijuana Bill Goes Further Than Others in Ways Good and Bad"](https://reason.com/2019/07/23/the-harris-nadler-marijuana-bill-goes-further-than-others-in-ways-good-and-bad/). [Reason](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason_$magazine$ "Reason (magazine)"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-4) Morin, Rebecca (July 23, 2019). ["Kamala Harris once opposed legalizing marijuana. Now she wants to decriminalize it"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/07/23/harris-introduces-federal-legislation-legalize-marijuana/1801194001/). USA Today. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 5. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-:0_5-2) Fertig, Natalie (August 28, 2020). ["House set to vote on marijuana legalization"](https://www.politico.com/news/2020/08/28/marijuana-legalization-house-vote-404455). [Politico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico "Politico"). Retrieved August 28, 2020. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-6)* Weisman, Jonathan (April 1, 2022). ["House Votes to Decriminalize Cannabis"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/01/us/politics/marijuana-legalization.html). The New York Times. [ISSN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_$identifier$ "ISSN (identifier)") [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved April 8, 2022. 7. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-7) LaVito, Angelica (July 23, 2019). ["Nadler, Harris to introduce bill decriminalizing pot, expunge marijuana convictions"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/22/nadler-harris-to-introduce-bill-decriminalizing-pot-expunge-prior-convictions.html). [CNBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNBC "CNBC"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-8) Budryk, Zack (November 18, 2019). ["House to hold markup Wednesday on marijuana decriminalization bill"](https://thehill.com/homenews/house/470924-house-to-hold-markup-wednesday-on-marijuana-decriminalization-bill). [The Hill](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill_$newspaper$ "The Hill (newspaper)"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 9. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-9) Lovelace, Berkeley Jr. (November 20, 2019). ["House committee approves landmark bill legalizing marijuana at the federal level"](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/20/house-committee-approves-bill-decriminalizing-marijuana-on-the-federal-level.html). CNBC. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 10. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-10) Angell, Tom (November 20, 2019). ["Marijuana legalization bill approved by congressional committee in historic vote"](https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/marijuana/2019/11/20/marijuana-legalization-bill-approved-congressional-committee-historic-vote/krJuSAOF8D1X0dCoar8QfI/story.html). [The Boston Globe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boston_Globe "The Boston Globe"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 11. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-11) Donohue, Caitlin (November 20, 2019). ["House Judiciary Committee Approves Historic MORE Act – The cannabis legalization bill will now move to a floor vote in the House"](https://hightimes.com/news/house-judiciary-committee-approves-historic-more-act/). [High Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Times "High Times"). Retrieved December 3, 2020. 12. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-12) Blistein, Jon (January 14, 2020). ["Hot Box the House: Inside the Marijuana Bills Congress Will Debate This Week"](https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/marijuana-legalization-bill-congress-hearing-936996/). Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 3, 2020. 13. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-13) ["Cannabis Policies For The New Decade"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200114174712/https://energycommerce.house.gov/committee-activity/hearings/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade). [United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce "United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce"). Archived from [the original](https://energycommerce.house.gov/committee-activity/hearings/hearing-on-cannabis-policies-for-the-new-decade) on January 14, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020. 14. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_Act#cite_ref-14) Wong, Scott (August 31, 2020). ["House to tackle funding, marijuana in September"](https://thehill.com/homenews/house/514443-house-to-tackle-funding-marijuana-in-september). The Hill. 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