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| Boilerpipe Text | Malaysia Movement Control Order
Part of the
COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia
Police checkpoint in
Shah Alam
, 22 March 2020
Date
18 March 2020
– 31 December 2021
(1 year, 9 months, 1 week and 6 days)
Location
Malaysia
Caused by
COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia
Goals
Containment of the pandemic
Methods
Prohibition of movement and mass assembly nationwide, including all religious, sports, social and cultural activities.
All religious activities in mosques suspended, including Friday prayers
Malaysians barred from leaving the country, and restrictions placed on the entry of non-Malaysians into the country
All industries local or federal are closed except for infrastructure services and supermarkets, wet markets, grocery stores and multi-functional stores selling daily necessities
All nurseries, government and private schools, including boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres, primary, secondary and pre-university education institutions, public and private universities, and vocational training centres closed
Status
Completely lifted
Casualties
Arrested
24,081
(As of 3 May 2020
)
[
1
]
"Movement control order" redirects here. For other uses, see
Stay-at-home order
.
The
Movement Control Order
(
Malay
:
Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Kerajaan Malaysia
), commonly referred to as the
MCO
or
PKP
, was a series of national
quarantine
and
cordon sanitaire
measures implemented by the
federal government
of
Malaysia
in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic
. The orders were commonly referred to in local and international media as "
lockdowns
".
Beginning on 18 March 2020,
[
2
]
the MCO was enforced nationwide and encompassed restrictions on movement, assembly and international travel, and mandated the closure of business, industry, government and educational institutions to curb the spread of
SARS-CoV-2
, the virus that causes
COVID-19
.
[
3
]
These measures were periodically relaxed and strengthened throughout the following 19 months in response to the changing epidemiology of the disease. Movement control orders were also localised to specific
states and federal territories
or smaller areas. The Movement Control Order was included in the National Recovery Plan (
Malay
:
Pelan Pemulihan Negara
, shortened to NRP/
PPN
) launched in June 2021.
[
4
]
In October 2021, the Malaysian government lifted movement control restrictions for
vaccinated people
and announced its intention to treat COVID-19 as an
endemic
disease.
[
5
]
Movement Control Order by phase
Phase
Date
Movement Control Order (MCO/
PKP
, 18 March 2020 – 3 May 2020)
Phase 1
18 March 2020 – 31 March 2020
Phase 2
1 April 2020 – 14 April 2020
Phase 3
15 April 2020 – 28 April 2020
Phase 4
29 April 2020 – 3 May 2020
Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO/
PKPB
, 4 May 2020 – 9 June 2020)
Phase 1
4 May 2020 – 12 May 2020
Phase 2
13 May 2020 – 9 June 2020
Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO/
PKPP
, 10 June 2020 – 31 March 2021)
Phase 1
10 June 2020 – 31 August 2020
Phase 2
1 September 2020 – 31 December 2020
Phase 3
1 January 2021 – 31 March 2021
MCO by states (13 January 2021 – 31 May 2021)
Each states switch between MCO, CMCO, RMCO, EMCO, and semi-EMCO depending on the COVID-19 condition in each states.
Total lockdown (1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021)
National Recovery Plan (NRP/
PPN
, 15 June 2021 – 31 December 2021)
[
6
]
Phase 1
1 June 2021 – 1 October 2021
[
7
]
[
8
]
Phase 1 (FMCO)
1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021
[
9
]
Phase 2
5 July 2021 (began early with Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak)
[
10
]
7 July 2021 (Penang)
[
11
]
10 July 2021 (Sabah)
[
12
]
14 July 2021 (Sarawak)
[
13
]
26 August 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)
[
14
]
4 September 2021 (Malacca)
[
15
]
10 September 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya)
[
16
]
24 September 2021 (Johor)
[
17
]
1 October 2021 (Kedah)
[
8
]
Period:
5 July 2021 – 18 October 2021
Note: No official announcement was made for Labuan.
Phase 3
4 August 2021 (began early with Perlis, Sarawak and Labuan)
[
18
]
4 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)
[
15
]
17 September 2021 (Terengganu)
[
19
]
24 September 2021 (Pahang)
[
17
]
1 October 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Malacca)
[
8
]
8 October 2021 (Johor)
[
20
]
18 October 2021 (Kelantan, Perak, Penang, Sabah, Kedah)
[
21
]
Period:
4 August 2021 – 3 January 2022
Phase 4
26 August 2021 (began early with Labuan)
[
14
]
24 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)
[
17
]
8 October 2021 (Pahang)
[
22
]
[
20
]
18 October 2021 (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, Malacca)
[
21
]
25 October 2021 (Johor, Terengganu)
[
23
]
8 November 2021 (Sabah, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak)
[
24
]
[
25
]
3 January 2022 (Sarawak, Kelantan)
[
26
]
On 16 March 2020, Prime Minister
Muhyiddin Yassin
made an official speech and officially promulgated the movement control order under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 and the Police Act 1967.
[
27
]
The order included the following restrictions:
General prohibition of mass movements and gatherings across the country including religious, sports, social and cultural activities. To enforce this prohibition, all houses of worship and business premises would be closed, except for supermarkets, public markets, grocery stores and convenience stores selling everyday necessities. Specifically for Muslims, the adjournment of all religious activities in mosques including
Friday prayers
would be in line with the decision made on 15 March 2020 by the Special Muzakarah Meeting of the National Council for Islamic Affairs.
[
28
]
Sanctions covering all Malaysians travelling abroad. For those who have just returned from overseas, they would be required to undergo a health check and a 14-day quarantine (or self-quarantine).
[
28
]
Restrictions on the entry of all tourists and foreign visitors into the country.
[
28
]
Closure of all kindergartens, government and private schools including daily schools, boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres and another primary, secondary and pre-university institutions.
[
28
]
Closure of all public and private higher education institutions (IPTs) and skills training institutes nationwide.
[
28
]
Closure of all government and private premises except those involved in essential services (water, electricity, energy, telecommunications, postal, transportation, irrigation, oil, gas, fuel, lubricants, broadcasting, finance, banking, health, pharmacy, fire, prison, port, airport, safety, defence, cleaning, retail and food supply).
[
28
]
On 18 March, Malaysia began the implementation the movement control order. On 25 March, the prime minister through a live national broadcast announced a first extension of the MCO to last until 14 April.
[
29
]
[
30
]
There were, however, considerations of a further lockdown until late April or May as the number of cases in Malaysia is expected to peak in mid-April, according to the
World Health Organization
(WHO).
[
31
]
[
32
]
On 8 April, Health Director-General
Noor Hisham Abdullah
said that the health ministry was having a discussion with the nation's cabinet regarding the possible extension of the MCO, with the decision of the MCO's duration to be announced no later than Friday.
[
33
]
[
34
]
On 10 April, the prime minister announced a second extension of the MCO by another fortnight until 28 April, noting that his decision was to give space to the healthcare personnels battling the COVID-19 outbreak, apart from preventing the virus from spreading again and to avoid another increase of cases if the MCO is lifted too early.
[
35
]
On the night of 23 April, Muhyiddin announced a third extension of the MCO by two weeks till 12 May, with the possibility of further extensions.
[
36
]
The
Royal Malaysia Police
(PDRM) initially warned that violators of the MCO's regulation may be subjected to various penalties under the
Penal Code
.
[
37
]
However, on 18 March, the chamber of the
Attorney General
released a federal gazette specific to the control order, where violations can be fined up to
RM
1,000 (
US$
229) and/or jailed not more than six months or both.
[
38
]
On 14 April, Senior Minister Datuk Seri
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
stated that compounds will no longer be issued by the police from the next day as the penalties were ineffective on reducing MCO violations, and offenders will be arrested and remanded instead.
[
39
]
Except for travel to
Sarawak
, a written police permit with a valid reason was originally planned to be required for interstate travel during the MCO.
[
40
]
As a result, large crowds were reported to have gathered at police stations for permits hours before the travel restriction was in effect. Concerned that the crowding will exacerbate the spread of COVID-19, PDRM called off the permit plan a few hours before the MCO, until further notice.
[
41
]
During the MCO, PDRM conducted road blocks operations (codenamed "Ops COVID-19") along key points across the country,
[
42
]
to monitor travellers and warn them to stay home and abide by the order.
[
43
]
[
44
]
[
45
]
From 22 March,
Malaysia's military forces
were mobilised to augment PDRM's MCO operations; as of April, approximately 7,000 military personnel were deployed to assist.
[
46
]
[
47
]
From 4 May, in line with the Conditional MCO, PDRM is planning to reduce roadblocks nationwide to focus on social distancing enforcements as well as curbing the entry of illegal immigrants and smuggling activities.
[
48
]
On 20 March,
RapidKL
trains had an extended waiting time of 10 minutes, from the previous duration of 3–8 minutes.
[
49
]
On 30 March, the national government designated that all businesses such as supermarkets and restaurants, including
food delivery services
can only be operated from 8 am till 8 pm starting from 1 April.
[
50
]
Sarawak, however, insisted on its operation time of 7 am till 7 pm, citing that Sarawak's daylight is earlier than in West Malaysia.
[
51
]
Further measures were instilled starting from 1 April; a person must not be accompanied with other people during travel, a 10 km travel radius for all travellers and the banning of all types of gatherings except for funerals, however the attendees must be kept to a minimum.
[
52
]
People who travel for medical purposes are exempted from companion rule and the travel radius.
[
53
]
All levels of supply chains regarding
agricultural
and fishing industries are allowed to be in operation throughout the order.
[
54
]
On 10 April, the Malaysian government gave permissions to certain businesses to operate during the order to ensure the sustainability of the country's economy, to prevent the loss of jobs among Malaysians and to ensure continuous access to basic needs and critical products.
[
55
]
The Malaysian Government had eased lockdown restrictions on 4 May under a "conditional MCO," which allowed certain business sectors to resume operations. On 10 May Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced in a live broadcast, that the CMCO will be extended until 9 June, the fourth extension since 18 March. Muhyiddin Yassin clarified that all rules and standard operating procedures (SOPs) introduced during the conditional MCO would remain in force until 9 June and that any changes to the SOPs or the list of sectors allowed to operate will be announced. There will be a ban on interstate movement during the Hari Raya Aidilfitri, the Kaamatan Feast and Hari Gawai holiday periods.
[
56
]
[
57
]
Enhanced Movement Control Order
[
edit
]
From 27 March 2020, specific locations were subjected to a
stay-at-home order
, known as the "Enhanced Movement Control Order" (EMCO or Enhanced MCO), for 14 days if a large cluster was detected within the area for the government to conduct a thorough COVID-19 test towards all residents, and to curb the spread of the virus out of the areas. The orders included:
[
58
]
All residents and visitors within the area are forbidden from exiting their homes during the order;
non-residents and visitors outside the area cannot enter into the area subjected to the order;
All businesses are shut down;
adequate food supplies will be given by the authorities during the 14 day-order to all residents;
a medical base will be established within the area;
All roads into the area are blocked.
On 27 March, two areas in
Simpang Renggam
, Johor were subjected to the order till 9 April as those areas alone contributed to a high 61 positive cases.
[
58
]
On 30 March, this order is applied to a few hamlets in Sungai Lui,
Hulu Langat District
,
Selangor
due to a detection of a cluster involving a
madrasa
with 71 positive cases.
[
59
]
City One, a residential complex in Jalan Munshi Abdullah, Kuala Lumpur which its residents are mainly foreign workers was subjected to the extended order on 31 March as 17 cases involving residents of the tower were detected.
[
60
]
Selangor Mansion and Malayan Mansion, apartment buildings located at Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur, were subjected to EMCOs on 7 April, as 15 positive cases were detected within the two buildings,
[
61
]
while Jalan Masjid India and its surrounding areas were subjected to EMCOs on 14 April.
[
62
]
Similarly, an EMCO order was placed for over 15,000 residents living around the Kuala Lumpur Wholesale Market in
Selayang
on 20 April until 3 May, following the detection of 20 cases and one fatality from the area.
[
63
]
Masjid India of Kuala Lumpur completely sealed off during EMCO
On 6 April, Malaysia's Defence Minister, Datuk Seri
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
, suggested that the government is planning for a new standard operating procedure regarding the EMCO and the government tried to not impose an excessively wide radius towards areas subjected to the EMCO.
[
64
]
On 9 November, the Government extended the Enhanced Movement Control Order over several areas in Sabah, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Sarawak in response to a spike in cases nationwide.
[
65
]
Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order
[
edit
]
From 14 May 2020, Pudu area in Kuala Lumpur comes under semi enhanced movement control order (SEMCO). Soldiers and police put up barbed wire fences at road exits. It is understood that besides Jalan Pudu, the affected roads are Jalan Kancil, Jalan Pasar, Jalan Landak, Lorong Brunei 2 and Lorong Brunei 3. Several busy commercial districts in the Klang Valley have been put under various lockdowns, including the enhanced movement control order (EMCO).
[
citation needed
]
Relaxation of restrictions
[
edit
]
As the number of daily cases and active cases of COVID-19 reduced in Malaysia by mid-April 2020, the government had relaxed several measures of the MCO.
Transport Minister
Dr
Wee Ka Siong
confirmed that all public transportation services would resume on 4 May but would abide by social distancing measures.
[
66
]
On 30 April, the Government announced that two family members will be allowed to buy food and other daily essentials as part of the relaxation of MCO restrictions.
[
67
]
On 21 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that couples whose marriage registration had been delayed as a result of the Movement Control Order could not complete the process at all permitted NGOs in the country including clan organisations, temples, churches, and religious bodies.
[
68
]
Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)
[
edit
]
Muhyiddin Yassin in his Labour Day speech on 1 May 2020 announced a plan named the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO or Conditional MCO), a relaxation of regulations regarding the MCO, with its main goal was to reopen the national economy in a controlled manner.
[
69
]
The CMCO was scheduled to start from 4 May.
[
69
]
The regulations of the CMCO as stated in his speech included:
[
70
]
most economic sectors and activities are allowed to operate while observing the business standard operating procedures such as social distancing and recording the names and telephone numbers of customers and the dates of their visit;
QR Code to be scanned before entering
Tung Shin Hospital
Kuala Lumpur (Code leads to
this online form
)
sports activities involving large gatherings, body contact and other risks of infection are not allowed, including all indoor and stadium sports events. Outdoor sports activities which do not involve body contact, in small groups without an audience and involving not more than 10 persons are allowed on the condition that social distancing is practised;
social, community and cultural events which involve large gatherings as well as all types of official events and assemblies are not permitted. Religious activities and all congregational or assembly activities in houses of worship are not allowed;
interstate travel, including the
balik kampung
tradition for the oncoming
Eid al-Fitr
is not allowed except for work purposes and to return home after being stranded in the hometowns or elsewhere.
However, the CMCO received mixed reactions among state governments around Malaysia.
[
71
]
The states of
Kedah
,
Kelantan
,
Pahang
,
Sabah
and
Sarawak
decided to not implement the CMCO by 4 May, either to give way to discussions regarding the implications of reopening economic sections towards the future trend of Malaysia's pandemic or to secure the positive development of the pandemic.
[
72
]
The governments of
Selangor
and
Perak
restricted some business sectors operating during the CMCO while
Negeri Sembilan
only allowed economic sectors to reopen.
[
71
]
[
72
]
The government of
Penang
on the other hand had implemented a three-phase gradual reopening till 13 May.
[
71
]
The CMCO received backlash by politicians, health experts and the general public over concerns of a possible resurgence of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia due to the seemingly reckless and unnecessary relaxation of the MCO; the federal government responded by stating that the CMCO is stricter than relaxation measures taken in other countries.
[
73
]
[
74
]
By 3 May, over 420,000 members of the public had signed a petition of objection to the conditional MCO and urging the government to stay with the MCO.
[
75
]
On 7 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would be reinstating the CMCO throughout most of Peninsular Malaysia except Kelantan, Perlis, and Pahang between 9 November and 6 December 2020. Besides, CMCO measures for Sabah, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya, which were scheduled to end on 9 November, were extended until 6 December. Under these new CMCO measures, all educational institutions, social and cultural activities will be required to cease but economic activities can continue under set standard operating procedures.
[
76
]
On 13 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would allow three people from the same household per car, easing an earlier CMCO restriction limiting cars to just two people following a public backlash.
[
77
]
On 20 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob approved a domestic travel bubble programme within green zones. He also announced the elimination of CMCO restrictions in the states of
Johor
,
Kedah
,
Malacca
, and
Terengganu
with the exception of certain districts.
[
78
]
On 5 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end for most states except Sabah, Kuala Lumpur, most of Selangor, and parts of Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Kelantan and Perak; where the CMCO would be extended until 20 December.
[
79
]
On 7 December, the
National Security Council
lifted the cap on the number of diners allowed to share tables at restaurants in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) including Kuala Lumpur.
[
80
]
On 18 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and much of Selangor with the exception of
Sabak Bernam
,
Hulu Selangor
, and
Kuala Selangor
from 21 December to 31 December 2020.
[
81
]
In addition, the CMCO was extended in Sabah and several districts in Negri Sembilan, Johor, Penang, and Perak until 31 December. Meanwhile, the CMCO in certain districts of Kedah and Kelantan will revert to Recovery Movement Control Order on 20 December.
[
82
]
On 28 December, the National Security Council extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor from 1 January until 14 January in response to a surge in cases and clusters in those areas.
[
83
]
Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)
[
edit
]
On 7 June 2020, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end on 9 June, with the country entering into the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) phase between 10 June and 31 August.
[
84
]
The Prime Minister also announced that interstate travel would be allowed from 10 June under the RMCO except in areas remaining under the Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO).
[
85
]
Praying spots for prayer attendees are marked with masking tapes and placed a metre away from each other at the Kampung Pandan Dalam Nurul Hidayah Mosque, Selangor.
In most areas, certain religious activities at mosques are allowed again, but with many restrictions. In
Selangor
, for example, Muslims are only allowed to go to certain mosques for Friday prayers after receiving an invitation from the mosque authorities, or after having their application accepted by the religious authorities. The number of attendees is also restricted to 40, and then later to 150 people only,
[
86
]
as they are instructed to bring their own prayer mats and only sit within their own prepared spaces, distanced a metre away from each other. In Kuala Lumpur, several mosques operated on a 'first-come, first-served' policy.
[
87
]
On 26 June, Senior Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
announced that sectors under the purview of the
Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture
such as meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions, travel and trade fairs, as well as a spa, wellness and reflexology centres would be allowed to open from 1 July. However, tourism businesses are required to abide by social distancing measures, limit crowds to 200–250 people, check customers' temperatures, wear face masks, and provide hand sanitizer. While reflexology centres provided by the blind are allowed to reopen, only Malaysians can work in spas, wellness, and reflexology centres. Ismail Sabri also announced that tuition centres, special education schools and private schools would be allowed to operate soon.
[
88
]
On 29 June, it was reported that both government and private pre-schools, kindergartens, nurseries and daycare centres would resume operations from 1 July. Under the RMCO, a range of businesses and activities have been allowed to resume operations including spas, wellness and foot massage centres, cinemas, meetings, seminars, weddings, birthdays, and religious gatherings. Besides, swimming in public, hotel, condominium, gated community and private pools have also been allowed.
[
89
]
On 3 July, Religious Affairs Minister in the
Prime Minister's Department
Dr
Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri
clarified that foreigners would not be allowed to attend congregational prayers at mosques and surau until the department had studied reports from the
Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department
regarding the situation. Zulkifli expressed hope that the situation would be resolved within a month or two.
[
90
]
On 10 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that family entertainment centres including game arcades, karaoke centres, indoor funfairs, edutainment centres for children, and kids' gymnasiums could resume operations from 15 July.
[
91
]
On 28 August, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced the extension of the RMCO by a further 4 months until 31 December 2020.
[
92
]
[
93
]
[
94
]
On 1 January 2021, Senior Minister Dato Seri
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
announced that the RMCO has been extended to 31 March 2021 as cases are still high.
[
95
]
On 5 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Government would allow unrestricted interstate travel across states and districts from 7 December with the exception of areas under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO), which will still require a police permit.
[
79
]
Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021
[
edit
]
On 11 January 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that Movement Control Order restrictions would be re-introduced to the states of
Malacca
,
Johor
,
Penang
,
Selangor
,
Sabah
and the
federal territories
of
Kuala Lumpur
,
Putrajaya
, and
Labuan
between 13 until 26 January 2021. It was dubbed as MCO 2.0 widely. These restrictions include:
[
citation needed
]
Banning travel between states and districts;
Limiting travel 10 km away from homes;
Stay at home orders;
Only allowing two people per household to travel in cars and buy groceries;
Banning social gatherings including weddings, seminars, and sports;
Eateries and hawker stalls can only provide takeaway services and deliveries;
Only five essential economic sectors allowed to operate: manufacturing, construction, services (including supermarkets, banks and health services), trade and distribution and plantations;
Outdoor recreational activities limited to people from the same household;
Non-essential workers must conduct
remote work
; and
Five person limit at mosques and other places of worship.
[
96
]
On 15 January, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that MCO restrictions would be reimposed on
Kelantan
and
Sibu
,
Sarawak
between 16 and 29 January in response to a surge of cases.
[
97
]
On 21 January, several betting outlets in peninsular Malaysia and Sabah announced they were closing until 4 February to comply with the Government's new Movement Control Order.
[
98
]
On 21 January, Senior Defence Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
announced that the Government would be allowing restaurants, food stalls and food deliveries in states under the MCO to operate until 10 pm starting 22 January, easing a week-long rule of only allowing operations to run until 8 pm.
[
99
]
On 21 January, the Malaysian Government extended the country's MCO restrictions in Selangor, Penang, Johor, Malacca, Sabah and the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan until 4 February due to a continuation of rising cases and deaths.
[
100
]
On 2 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended MCO restrictions over all states except Sarawak from 5 to 18 February 2021.
[
101
]
On 4 February, Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that three business activities night markets, hair salons, and car wash services would be allowed to operate under a strict operating procedure from 5 February onwards as Phase One together with some businesses.
[
102
]
On 9 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that dining in and retail shops are allowed to open, subject to rule of 5 per table; which is being implemented from 10 February 2021, moving from Phase One to Phase Two. However, the Phase Two will only exist until July 2021.
[
103
]
On 11 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that gym activities, golf, table tennis, badminton and tennis would be allowed from 12 February with social distancing and time restrictions.
[
104
]
On 13 February, the National Unity Ministry confirmed that non-Muslim places of worship would be allowed to start reopening from 12 February for the remainder of the Movement Control Order, which is scheduled to end on 18 February 2021.
[
105
]
On 16 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the government would extend the MCO for Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur until 4 March 2021. Meanwhile, Kedah, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu, Kelantan, Melaka, Pahang and Sabah as well as the federal territories of Putrajaya and Labuan transitioned back into the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) from 19 February 2021.
[
106
]
On 25 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the meetings, incentives, conferencing and exhibitions (MICE) sector in states under the Movement Control Order would be allowed to resume from 5 March 2021.
[
107
]
Transition to CMCO, March 2021
[
edit
]
On 5 March 2021, Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur exited the Movement Control Order lockdown and entered the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO). This coincided with the launch of Malaysia
National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme
, which commenced the previous week.
[
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]
On 12 March, Deputy Chief Minister Datuk Amar
Douglas Uggah Embas
confirmed that the CMCO in Sarawak would be extended by a further two weeks from 16 March to 29 March.
[
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The CMCO in Sarawak was extended for two more weeks from 13 April until 26 April 2021.
[
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]
The Sarawak Disaster Management Committee subsequently extended the CMCO until 10 May and then 17 May.
[
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The Conditional MCO (CMCO) has been extended to 28 April 2021 in Johor, Kelantan, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Penang. The Recovery MCO (RMCO) has been extended in Sabah, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan (except Seremban district under CMCO), Kedah (except Kuala Muda district under CMCO), Pelis, Perak, Terengganu, W.P Putrajaya and W.P Labuan from 13 to 28 April 2021.
[
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Reinstatement of MCO 3.0
[
edit
]
Movement Control Order restrictions were reimposed in Kelantan from 16 April until 29 April 2021, before being extended until 17 May 2021.
[
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[
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From 3 May 2021, the Malaysian Government reimposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Sarawak, and Selangor in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases. Schools were closed and social and religious activities were banned. While some economic activities were allowed, eateries can only provide takeaway services.
[
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From 6 May until 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Government re-imposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Selangor (except Sabak Bernam, Hulu Selangor, Kuala Selangor), in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases.
[
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MCO restrictions were also reimposed on Kuala Lumpur, Johor (Johor Bahru, Kulai, Kota Tinggi), Terengganu (Besut), and Perak (Larut Matang & Selama, Mukim Taiping) between 7 and 20 May 2021.
[
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[
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The government has also imposed a nationwide ban on inter-district travel from 10 May until 6 June 2021.
[
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On 8 May, Senior Minister (Security) Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Malaysian Government would not implement a nationwide movement control order but will instead use targeted movement restrictions in response to local outbreaks.
[
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]
That same day, Ismail also confirmed that all interstate and inter-district travel without police approval would be banned nationwide from 10 May to 6 June 2021.
[
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]
On 10 May, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that a nationwide Movement Control Order lockdown would be reinstated from 12 May to 7 June. Dining in, social activities and shopping areas will be banned, although workers are allowed to go to work and come back home. Inter-district and inter-state travel are banned.
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A stricter form of the Movement Control Order lockdown was suggested by the government on 22 May. It was imposed on 25 May and lasts for two weeks. Under the updated form of the Movement Control Order, shoppers are only allowed to visit shopping malls and restaurants for only two hours.
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Shopping malls and eateries can only operate until 8 pm, and all sea and land transport services can only operate up to 50% of their capacity.
[
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]
[
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In May 2021, RapidKL trains' frequency times were extended to 10 minutes during peak hours, and 30 minutes during normal hours.
[
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]
Sabah used a slightly different form of the Movement Control Order from 25 May onwards. Under its modified MCO, food and beverage outlets, grocery shops, self-service laundromats, and other businesses can only operate until 9 pm; all restaurants can only operate until 10 pm; customers visiting shopping malls, restaurants, grocery stores, hypermarkets, and mini-markets may be inside the premises for one hour; and said premises can only operate up to 50% of their capacity, with at least 200 square feet per customer.
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That ended with the nationwide lockdown on 1 June.
[
citation needed
]
Total lockdown (FMCO)
[
edit
]
On 28 May 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that a nationwide "total lockdown" or Full Movement Control Order (FMCO) will be imposed on all social and economic sectors in Malaysia from 1 June to 14 June 2021. Under this lockdown, only essential economic and social services listed by the
National Security Council
will be allowed to operation. This will be followed by a second phase lasting four weeks from 14 June under which more sectors will be allowed to reopen, provided these activities do not involve large gatherings. The new master plan for exiting the lockdown will be announced in July 2021.
[
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]
[
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]
On 12 June 2021, the Malaysian Government extended the country's total lockdown (FMCO) by another two weeks until 28 June since daily new cases are still averaging over 5,000.
[
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]
On 27 June 2021, the Malaysian government announced that country-wide lockdowns will be extended indefinitely until daily cases fall below 4,000.
[
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]
Restaurants are also allowed to operate from 6 am until 10 pm from 28 June onwards.
[
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]
Due to the lockdown, more and more lower-income households are running out of food and income. Several activists organised the #benderaputih movement, calling the affected households to raise
white flags
or pieces of cloth to alert their neighbours and receive aid.
[
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]
At the same time, people raised red flags to ask for aid for their pets, and black flags to protest the government's poor handling of the pandemic.
[
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]
[
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]
As Perlis, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang have met the conditions needed, the government has allowed these states to move to Phase 2 of the lockdown on 5 July. This allows more businesses to be opened up, such as stationary and book shops, computer and telecommunication outlets, barberstores (only for haircuts), farmers' markets, and morning markets.
[
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]
[
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]
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang entered into Phase 2 of the lockdown.
[
11
]
On 24 July, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that the construction sector was allowed to operate under strict compliance to the SOP, along with the construction of roads and other public infrastructures. He also stated that all workers in the construction sector must be vaccinated.
[
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]
National Recovery Plan (NRP)
[
edit
]
On 15 June 2021, Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin introduced a four-phase National Recovery Plan (NRP) to help the country emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fallout.
[
6
]
[
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]
As each phase is based on the number of new cases, people requiring ICU treatment, and vaccination rates (by having two shots), it can be extended, or moved on to the next phase, whenever possible. From 7 August onwards, the number of new Covid cases with serious symptoms were used to indicate whether a state was ready to move up to Phases 2 and 3. Asymptomatic cases were no longer counted, as over 40 percent of the adult population had been vaccinated by the time the policy was changed.
[
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]
From 10 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states had more freedoms: they were required to wait for 14 days after their second dose (or 28 days for single-dose vaccines). Fully-vaccinated people were also able to be quarantined at home after returning, instead of being sent to a quarantine centre, provided they showed that they had no signs of infection within three days, and they presented their vaccination certificates
[
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From 20 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people were no longer affected by the 10-kilometre limit when travelling.
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141
]
As around 66% of the country's population were vaccinated, and to make them more easier for the people to understand and follow, the government reduced the number of SOPs from 181 to just 10 in two weeks from 14 September 2021.
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On 23 September 2021, petrol stations, restaurants, eateries, and convenience stores were allowed to operate from 6 am to 12 midnight, to aid the economic recovery of the country. Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob also announced that when 90% of Malaysia's population had been fully-vaccinated, interstate travel will be allowed again.
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]
[
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]
On 24 September 2021, the government planned to permit interstate travel within three weeks in early October, which would be when 90% of the adult population will have been fully-vaccinated.
[
145
]
Home Minister
Hamzah Zainudin
also announced that foreign tourists will be allowed against when the country enters the endemic phase of the Covid outbreak.
[
146
]
On 27 September 2021, husbands were allowed to accompany mothers who were in labour, if they were fully-vaccinated.
[
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]
Muhyiddin Yassin, who headed the National Recovery Council, also announced that State Recovery Councils were set up in each state in Malaysia.
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]
From 4 October 2021, immediate family members were also allowed to accompany mothers or relatives who were giving birth.
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]
From 1 October 2021, Genting Highlands, Melaka, and Tioman Island will have their own travel bubbles and get reopened for tourists.
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]
States under Phases 2 and 3 were also permitted to hold state and private functions, such as opening ceremonies and workshops, on the condition that all the guests were vaccinated and the number of people present were less than 50% of the venue's capacity. People who were not vaccinated were required to do saliva tests, or self-tests before the host or medical practitioners to check if they had the virus or not. Sports spectators and supporters were allowed to attend sports games or recreational venues, but they were not allowed to eat or drink.
[
8
]
On 15 October 2021, higher learning institutions were allowed to reopen.
[
8
]
[
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]
On 31 October, schools in Kedah and Kelantan were allowed to reopen; and on 1 November 2021, schools in Perak, Pulau Pinang, and Sabah were allowed to reopen.
[
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]
Theme parks across the country are planned to be reopened on November, when 90% of Malaysia's adult population will be fully-vaccinated.
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]
Industries Unite (a coalition of 110 local trade groups) has criticised the National Recovery Plan as being unclear.
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]
The conditions are the same as "total lockdown" launched from 1 June 2021. The phase ended on October 1 as Kedah, the last state to remain under the phase, moved to Phase 2.
Gatherings of up to 2 people are only allowed at all times.
No dine-in is allowed, until August 2021, and fully vaccinated persons are only allowed to dine-in up to 2 persons.
All non-essential services were opened from 16 August 2021.
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Office attendance in the public sector is 40%
Accounting services may operate with 60% capacity
Operation hours for daily and public markets had been extended from 6 am to 4 pm
Cycling and individual physical activities can be done within 2–3 metres in one's own neighbourhood
Ports, airports, and the logistic sector can operate 24 hours a day
Mines and quarries may operate with up to 60% capacity
[
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]
Fully vaccinated people were allowed to attend prayers at mosques, temples, churches, and other houses of worship. Mosques in red zones were only able to take in 50 people, while mosques in orange, yellow, or green zones were able to take in 100 people.
[
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]
On 19 August 2021, Muhyiddin had announced that dine-ins were allowed again in Phase 1 states and Kuala Lumpur, but only for fully-vaccinated individuals. The revised rule took effect on 20 August. Children under the age of 17 may follow their parents, but were required to follow SOPs. The government also allowed daily and night markets, camping, picnics, and various outdoor individual sports and recreational activities such as jogging, taichi, exercise, cycling, fishing, equestrian riding, skateboarding, archery, hiking, singles tennis and badminton, and golf.
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On 21 August 2021, the 10 km travel radius limit was dropped in Phase One states for fully-vaccinated people, although interstate and interdistrict restrictions remained.
[
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]
On 9 September 2021, cinemas were permitted to be reopened for fully-vaccinated people, but only at 50% capacity. Other activities related to the creative industry were allowed, including indoor busking, theatrical and lounge performances, art galleries, museums, and showrooms. All of them except for indoor busking were subjected to a 30% capacity rule.
[
160
]
On 10 September 2021, RapidKL reduced its waiting times for trains and buses to support the growing number of workers going back to their reopened workplaces. On peak hours, trains arrived at around 4 to 10 minutes, on non-peak hours, trains arrived from 7 to 12 minutes, and on weekends they arrived on 7 minutes (central business district for LRT Ampang/Sri Petaling) or 15 minutes.
[
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]
[
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]
On 1 October 2021, Kedah and Johor became the last states to leave Phase 1.
[
8
]
The majority of the states are currently in this phase. Under this phase:
Gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 2 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
More economic sectors will be reopened
Non-essential services are opened from 16 July,
[
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]
and second batch on 17 August.
[
164
]
Dine-in is allowed, and any mask-off activities are allowed (only for fully vaccinated persons)
Some sectors may now permit up to 80% of their workers
Due to improving conditions, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak are the first states to enter into Phase 2 on 5 July.
[
10
]
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang moved to Phase 2.
[
11
]
On 10 July, Sabah moved to Phase 2. It also allowed dining-in at restaurants on the same day.
[
12
]
On 14 July, Sarawak moved to Phase 2.
[
13
]
It allowed dining-in at restaurants on 15 July.
[
165
]
On 20 July, two more changes to Phase 2 SOPs were announced due to the increasing vaccination rate. Business premises and petrol stations were allowed to operate from 6 am to 10 pm.
[
156
]
Only earlier film projects about drama, advertisements, and documentaries that were postponed due to MCO were allowed to resume, and they would only film outside the studio and away from residential areas with health screenings before, during, and after the filming.
[
166
]
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.
[
167
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On 26 August 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 2, due to dropping ICU hospitalisation rates (less than 40 percent) and 72.3 percent of the adult population completing two vaccine doses.
[
168
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On 4 September 2021, Melaka moved to Phase 2.
[
15
]
On 10 September 2021, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya moved to Phase 2, with interdistrict travel permitted for fully-vaccinated individuals.
[
16
]
On 16 September 2021,
Golden Screen Cinemas
reopened several cinemas in the Klang Valley. It also reopened more locations on September 23.
[
169
]
On 18 September 2021, gyms were opened for fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states.
[
170
]
On 24 September 2021, Johor moved to Phase 2, allowing gatherings of up to 5 for fully vaccinated.
[
17
]
On 1 October 2021, Kedah moved to Phase 2.
[
8
]
On 18 October 2021, Kelantan, Perak, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, and Kedah became the last states to leave Phase 2.
[
21
]
The country will move onto Stage 3 gradually by 26 October 2021 when 60 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into less than 1,000 and ICU bed usage has been dropped to 10.
Gatherings of up to 8 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
All economic sectors will be allowed, except those with large crowds (such as conventions, bars, salons, spas)
Education and sports will be allowed in stages
All manufacturing activities will be permitted, and capacity limits will be relaxed when all the workers in a place are vaccinated.
Dining in restaurants and cafes will be allowed.
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Gym, swimming, jetski will be allowed from 6 am to 12 pm
This phase began early on August 4 as Sarawak, Perlis, and Labuan met the criteria.
[
18
]
On 4 September 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 3, most likely due to the high number of vaccinations there.
[
15
]
On 24 September, Pahang moved to Phase 3, allowing gatherings of up to eight for fully vaccinated.
[
17
]
On 1 October, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Melaka, and Kedah moved to Phase 3, as the overall R-naught, daily infections, and ICU COVID-19 patient rates had dropped in those states.
[
8
]
The country will move onto Stage 4 gradually by 31 December 2021 when 80–90 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into single digits and ICU bed usage has been dropped to the bare minimum. Under this phase:
No gathering limit, all economic sectors will be reopened
Social activities will resume to some degree
Interstate travel will be allowed according to SOPs.
Although this phase was initially expected to start in late-October,
[
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]
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]
[
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]
Labuan was the first state to reach this stage on 26 August, as 92.4 percent of the adult residents of the island were vaccinated, new Covid cases had dropped to single digits, and ICU bed usage in local hospitals had dropped to zero.
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]
In September 2021, the government decided to suspend Islamic religious teachers and school teachers who refuse to get vaccinated. Children of unvaccinated parents will not be allowed to physically attend schools when they will reopen next year.
On 24 September, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 4, with no gathering limits and all economic sectors to be reopened.
[
17
]
On 8 October 2021, Pahang moved to Phase 4.
[
22
]
On 9 October, Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that interstate travel will be allowed to resumed within the next few days once 90% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated. As of 7 October, 89.1% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated.
[
174
]
On 10 October, all interstate and international restrictions for residents fully vaccinated against COVID-19 were lifted since 90% of Malaysia's adult population had been fully vaccinated.
[
175
]
[
176
]
On 18 October 2021, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, and Melaka moved to Phase 4.
[
21
]
On 25 October 2021, Johor, Terengganu moved to Phase 4.
[
177
]
On 7 November 2021, the government stated that they might close the borders of states with an RT rate that crosses 1.0.
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178
]
On 8 November 2021, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak and Sabah moved to Phase 4.
[
24
]
[
25
]
On 3 January 2022, Sarawak and Kelantan moved to Phase 4, ending movement restrictions in Malaysia.
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]
Measures by state and territories
[
edit
]
On 2 November 2020, the Ministry of Health's Training Institute in Johor Bahru was placed under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) after 46 trainees tested positive for COVID-19. This EMCO will affect 1,559 people including students, teachers, and their families.
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180
]
On 3 August 2020, four sub-district in
Kubang Pasu
were placed under EMCO due to increased new cases caused by
Nasi Kandar
restaurant in Napoh town.
[
181
]
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
placed an enhanced movement control order (MCO) on the district of
Kota Setar
from midnight 11 September to 23 September following an increase in COVID-19 cases. Residents will not be allowed to leave the area and outsiders will not be allowed to enter.
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182
]
On 16 September 2021, Langkawi was reopened under a travel bubble for fully-vaccinated tourists from any state, including Phase One states. Children who visit the island must be accompanied by fully-vaccinated adults.
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183
]
On 7 June 2020, the
Mayor of Kuala Lumpur
Nor Hisham Ahmad Dahlan
announced that the
Kuala Lumpur City Hall
will allow open markets, morning markets, night markets and bazaars to reopen in stages following the implementation of the Recovery Movement Control Order on 15 June.
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184
]
On 1 October 2021, mosques in Kuala Lumpur were allowed to have full capacity.
[
185
]
Zoo Negara
was also reopened to the public.
[
186
]
On 15 October 2020, Senior Minister for Security Ismail Sabri Yaakob placed the
federal territory
of
Labuan
under a conditional movement control order, which would run from 17 October to 30 October. Under this lockdown, all economic activities will be allowed to operate but religious, cultural, and social sectors including schools and kindergartens will remain close.
[
187
]
[
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]
The conditional movement control order in Labuan was subsequently extended from 31 October until 13 November.
[
189
]
On 30 September 2020, Negeri Sembilan's Human Resources, Plantation and Non-Islamic Affairs committee chairman J. Arul Kumar announced that the annual ten-day
Deepavali
carnival, which had been scheduled to be held between 4 and 13 November, had been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic following advice from the
National Security Council
.
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190
]
From 21 to 31 March 2020, the state of
Pahang
has enacted that all business stores in
Kuantan
,
Pekan
,
Bentong
,
Jerantut
and
Temerloh
(
Cameron Highlands
had already begun to implement the measure on 16 March) must only operate during the day up to 12 hours, and need to close after 7 pm to 7 am. According to the measurement, all shops that were originally allowed to operate during the period of the control order, including drive-thru restaurants, fast food restaurants, and petrol stations, are no longer allowed to operate between 7 pm and 7 am.
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]
From 1 April, PDRM's state division tightened state borders and set up roadblocks on the state's major highways.
[
192
]
Wholesale market operating hours in
Perak
during the MCO were designated from 4 am to 10 am, however, from 6 April 2020, wet food-related businesses such as poultry and seafood were designated from 4 am to 10 am, while businesses for vegetables and fruits were designated from 11 am to 4 pm. The closure from 10 am till 11 pm was dedicated for cleaning processes.
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193
]
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be placed around
Tawau
prison from 11 September till 23 September, affecting prisoners, inmates and their families. During this period, visitations will not be allowed.
[
182
]
On 28 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be enforced in
Lahad Datu
, Tawau,
Kunak
, and
Semporna
between 29 September and October 12. During that period, residents will not be allowed to leave the four districts, non-residents and visitors would be barred from entering, and all business activities except those providing essential goods and services would have to cease.
[
194
]
On 5 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the state capital
Kota Kinabalu
,
Penampang
, and
Putatan
would be placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) commencing 7 October. Under the conditional MCO, travel into these districts will be limited, express and transit buses will not be allowed to operate, and only essential services such as food and health services will be allowed to operate.
[
195
]
The following day, Senior Minister Ismail announced that the federal government would ban most interstate travel to and from Sabah with the exceptions of emergencies, deaths, and essential services subject to approval from the Ministry of Health. Travel would be limited to Sabah natives, essential workers, civil servants working in Sabah, and permanent residents residing in Sabah.
[
196
]
On 2 November 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the EMCOs at the Kepayan Prison and Taman Mat Salleh Prison Quarters in Kota Kinabalu would be extended by two weeks until 16 November.
[
180
]
On 7 May 2021, the Sabah state government banned any non-essential inter-district travel for the duration of a CMCO lockdown between 10 and 16 May. For the duration of the CMCO, Kota Kinabalu, Putatan and Penampang would be considered to be one district.
[
197
]
On 3 July 2021, the city council of Sandakan allowed dining-in at restaurants for only two people per table, following the orders of Chief Minister Hajiji Noor.
[
198
]
On 13 August 2021, Sabah's government decided that only fully-vaccinated people can enter into supermarkets and restaurants, due to the high number of cases. This is to rush the people of Sabah into being completely vaccinated within a month.
[
199
]
On 1 October 2021, Sabah allowed grocery stores, convenience stores, mini markets, and hypermarkets to be opened from 6 am to 10 pm. Petrol stations and their convenience stores were allowed to be opened from 5 am to midnight. Restaurant operators including hotels, sports and recreation club houses, eateries, food stalls, food trucks, roadside hawkers, circulating hawkers, food courts, hawker centers, roadside food stalls or kiosks were able to operate from 6 am to midnight.
[
200
]
On 27 July 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian government will limit inter-zone (Zone 1: Kuching, Samarahan and Serian division. Zone 2: Sri Aman, Betong, Sibu, Sarikei, Mukah, Kapit, Bintulu, Miri and Limbang division) movement in Sarawak between 1 and 14 August at the request of the Sarawak Government to curb the spread of COVID-19 within that state, particularly around the state capital Kuching.
[
201
]
On 6 December 2020, the Sarawak Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) allowed spas, wellness and reflexology centres in the state to resume operations effective from 7 December.
[
202
]
On 29 May 2021, Sarawak's government imposed a stricter lockdown for two weeks until June 11. Under the lockdown's rules, movement from 10 pm to 5 am was not allowed except in emergencies, and children under the age of 12 were not allowed to go to crowded places like shopping malls.
[
203
]
After Sarawak was placed under Phase 1 of the nationwide lockdown, it was moved to Phase 2 on 14 July 2021.
[
13
]
Its state government originally planned to permit dining-in in restaurants on 7 June, but due to repeated surges in Covid cases,
[
204
]
it banned dining-in in restaurants until 16 July, and ordered that only restaurant owners and workers who received their first vaccination were allowed to resume their work
[
205
]
[
165
]
[
206
]
On 19 July 2021, the Disaster Management Committee of Sibu has ordered that all business operators and their workers must be fully-vaccinated in order to continue working, and they must show a vaccination certificate at their shops' entrance.
[
207
]
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.
[
167
]
On 6 October 2021, interdistrict travel was allowed without needing a permit.
[
208
]
On 10 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that weddings would be limited to 250 people in the
Klang District
. An earlier announcement had limited weddings to 500 people.
[
209
]
On 14 October 2020, the
Klang Valley
was placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) with inter-district movement prohibited until 27 October. 96 roadblocks were set up to enforce this movement restriction with only workers with valid passes and authorisation letters being able to travel between districts. While offices, restaurants, and shopping malls remain open, they are subject to stricter health and social distancing rules. The CMCO also affects the
Federal Territories
of Kuala Lumpur and
Putrajaya
, which lie within the boundaries of Selangor.
[
210
]
[
211
]
On 20 October 2020, employees in the private and public sectors, at the management and supervisory levels, in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) were instructed to conduct
remote work
starting Thursday, 22 October.
[
212
]
On 1 February 2021, the "State Investment, Industry and Commerce, and Small and Medium Entreprises" (SMEs) chairman
Teng Chang Khim
announced that Selangor's
Chinese New Year
celebration will be held online via social media due to the ongoing pandemic.
[
213
]
On 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Health Ministry indicated that it may order a total shutdown in Selangor if current Movement Control Order restrictions are unable to curb a sharp spike in cases in that state.
[
214
]
Due to recent daily cases rising up to over 2,000, the government has enacted an Emergency Movement Control Order on July 3 for two weeks on most of the state, except for several districts in the north.
[
215
]
[
216
]
On 3 July 2021, the Works Ministry ordered all construction work in EMCO areas to be stopped. Only critical maintenance, repair, and wiring works are allowed if they have appointments.
[
217
]
On 17 July 2021, the EMCO placed over eight districts in Selangor ended. Only four locations in Damansara, Ampang, Klang, and Batu remained under EMCO until July 31.
[
218
]
[
219
]
The Royal Malaysia Police in Terengganu planned to impose traffic control based on vehicle registration numbers, where vehicles with odd or even registration numbers are only allowed to travel during odd- or even-numbered days, respectively, starting 1 April 2020. The plan was later postponed the day before the rollout to allow a detailed study of the proposed control.
[
220
]
CMCO in the whole of Kelantan is launched on 21 November until 6 December 2020.
It is then extended for Kota Bharu, Machang, Pasir Mas and Tanah Merah from 7 December until 20 December 2020.
Kubang Kerian in Kota Bharu & Kusial in Tanah Merah will continue the CMCO from 12 December until 20 December 2020, while other districts' CMCO is lifted and change back to RMCO.
[
citation needed
]
MCO2.0 in Kelantan started from 16 January until 18 February 2021. Then, it is changed from MCO2.0 back to CMCO from 19 February to 15 April 2021.
[
citation needed
]
But, due to the sudden rapid surge in new cases in Kelantan areas, the government had announced that 7 districts in Kelantan involving Tumpat, Kota Bharu, Pasir Mas, Machang, Bachok, Pasir Puteh and Tanah Merah will enter MCO3.0 from 16 April until 29 April 2021. After that, the remaining district in Kelantan, which are Jeli, Kuala Krai, and Gua Musang will start implementing MCO3.0 together with the remaining districts from 22 April to 29 April 2021. As what government announced on 27 April in his press conference, MCO3.0 in whole Kelantan is extended again from 30 April to 17 May 2021.
[
citation needed
]
During this period, primary and secondary schools in all 7 districts stated will be changed to online classes temporarily from 24 April until 12 June 2021.
[
citation needed
]
Despite the past condemnation, the Malaysian authorities have arrested hundreds of people for violating the
Movement Control Order
since mid-April. Violators are fined, jailed or sent to perform community service as part of their punishment. The sentence jail term ranges from 2 days to several months. Violators unable to pay their fines will have to serve prison sentences.
[
221
]
According to a
Human Rights Watch
report, 15,000 people had been arrested by 18 March for breaching the movement control order. On 2 April 2020,
Minister of Defence
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
reported that 4,189 individuals had been arrested over the past two weeks for flouting the movement control order. Of these, 1,449 individuals have been charged in court.
[
222
]
On 3 May, Nurul Hidayah Ahmad Zahid, the daughter of President of
UMNO
,
Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
her husband, Saiful Nizam Mohd Yusoff were caught for flouting the MCO.
[
223
]
After the director-general of the
Malaysian Prison Department
raised concerns about prison overcrowding, the Malaysian Government shifted to fine violators. On 15 April, the Defence Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
announced that the police would be criminally prosecuting violators and detained them in thirteen police academies that had been converted into makeshift detention centres.
[
224
]
Human rights organisations condemned the move as it further promotes the spread of
coronavirus
due to overcrowding in prisons. In late April,
Human Rights Watch
's Asia Director Phil Robertson called on the Malaysian government to stop jailing people who had flouted the movement control order, but recommended the use of the newly built facilities to keep lockdown violators.
[
224
]
The MCO has led to a decrease in the national crime rate by around 70%.
[
225
]
Data from the
Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development
suggested a slight increase of
domestic violence
nationwide during the MCO, however in control.
[
226
]
On 20 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 48 individuals had been arrested by the
Royal Malaysian Police
's Compliance Operations Task Force for violating the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO). Ten of these were arrested for engaging in
reflexology
and massaging activities while 38 were charged with violating social distancing rules. 3,774 compliance teams are consisting of 16,675 personnel.
[
227
]
On 4 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 77 people had been arrested as of 3 July for violating the RMCO including initiating contact sports activities (15), pub and night club activities (12) and violating standard operating procedures (SOPs). 495 constructions sites were reported to have violated standard operating procedures while 2,738 have complied with SOPs.
[
228
]
With the country known as the world's top
rubber glove
maker, concerns have risen especially from the
European Union
(EU) over the impacts of the movement control to Malaysia's glove exports especially with the increasing glove shortages among
European healthcare sectors
.
[
229
]
This subsequently led the EU to send a letter on 25 March to the Malaysian counterpart for the relaxation of the movement control order on the glove sectors. Through a positive replied made by the
Malaysian Ministry of International Trade and Industry
to allowing continuous operations, a letter was subsequently distributed by the Malaysia Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association on 27 March to glove manufacturers in the country to allowing their factories to remain open from 1 April.
[
229
]
The
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
(CBP) also had removed a ban on glove exports to the
United States
by a Malaysian glove company previously accused of using
forced labour
as part of the American government efforts to boost supplies of their
healthcare sectors
due to the increasing shortages of medical equipment caused by the pandemic.
[
230
]
The Prime Minister had instructed the
Ministry of Education
to implement home-based learning initiatives throughout the duration of MCO as schools nationwide were closed during the period.
[
231
]
Assessments and examinations for various national higher education programmes were cancelled as some institutes were converted into temporary surveillance and quarantine centres, and students' performance evaluations were replaced by continuous assessment scores.
[
232
]
Also, the national examination,
SPM
was delayed to January 2021 from the originally scheduled November 2020.
[
citation needed
]
On 10 June,
Education Minister
Mohd Radzi Md Jidin
confirmed that schools throughout Malaysia would begin reopening in stages from 24 June, with priority being given to students taking secondary and equivalent international leaving exams.
[
233
]
[
234
]
As part of social distancing measures, students will have their temperatures tested, will have to sit at least one-metre apart, and schools will serve pre-packaged food.
[
234
]
On 23 June, the Ministry of Education announced changes to school term holidays in order to help schools better plan lessons that had been disrupted by the pandemic and Movement Control Order. The mid-term holidays would be reduced from nine days to five days. In addition, the end of the year holidays in schools in Group A states (
Johor
,
Kedah
,
Kelantan
, and
Terengganu
) would be reduced from 42 days to 14 days. The end of the year holidays in Group B states (
Malacca
,
Negri Sembilan
,
Pahang
,
Perak
,
Perlis
,
Penang
,
Sabah
,
Sarawak
,
Selangor
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Labuan
and
Putrajaya
) would be reduced from 41 days to 13 days. The Education Ministry confirmed that the school year for 2020 will now total 168 days.
[
235
]
In response, former Education Minister
Maszlee Malik
criticised the Ministry for not consulting with teachers and teachers' unions including the
National Union of the Teaching Profession
and
West Malaysia Malay Teachers Union
prior to amending the school term.
[
236
]
Before Malaysia announced the movement control order,
supermarkets
across the country began to see a surge in
panic buying
, and the supply of
surgical masks
everywhere was out, causing prices to skyrocket. In response, the Prime Minister of Malaysia assured people in a televised speech on 16 March that the supply of food, daily essentials and healthcare (including surgical masks), were sufficient nationwide, adding that the
Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs
would be monitoring the
food supply
and the daily demand of markets during the control order.
[
27
]
Travel and transportation
[
edit
]
Square in front of the
Pavilion Kuala Lumpur
shopping mall on 20 March 2020 during the movement control order.
Empty view of
Johor–Singapore Causeway
Scores of Malaysians working in
Singapore
and foreigners rushed back to the immigration checkpoints in the hope to return to Singapore before the order became effective. Singapore-based public transport operators had arranged temporary accommodation at several hotels to accommodate the affected Malaysian Bus Captains.
[
237
]
[
238
]
Scheduled bus services travelling between Singapore and
Johor Bahru
were suspended as well.
[
239
]
The announcement of the movement control order reportedly caused some anxiety among Singaporean residents over their food supplies, of which a significant portion came from Malaysia.
Panic buying
briefly returning in Singapore as Singaporeans rushed to supermarkets to stock basic necessities,
[
240
]
and Singapore's ministers and Prime Minister had to assure them that there would be enough supplies for the country, and that the flow of goods between the two countries would continue.
[
241
]
[
242
]
[
243
]
Moments after the order was announced in Malaysia, With the announcement of the movement control, various diplomatic missions such as the
United States
and
France
have ceased issuing
visas
, while
India
prohibited Malaysian citizens from travelling to its country.
[
244
]
Thai residents headed out of Malaysia in large numbers while the
large community of Indonesians
in Malaysia also prepared for the situation as reported by their embassy.
[
245
]
[
246
]
[
247
]
Other diplomatic missions were closely monitoring the situation of the restrictive movement order and awaited further instructions both from their government and the Malaysian government.
[
248
]
As the number of passengers decreased significantly during the movement control order and to reduce the risk of infection of passengers and employees, Malaysia's main bus operator,
Rapid Bus
readjusted the frequency of all its buses starting from 20 March where it also encouraged the people to plan their trips.
Rapid Ferry
also made adjustments by reducing to two ferries each day to operate starting from 20 March. Each shift was changed from the original 20 minutes to 30 minutes. After 10 pm, the frequency of the ferry service will be changed to 1 hour. As for the last ferry ride time, it will depend on the arrival time of the last bus in Penang Sentral.
[
249
]
On 4 April 2020, all
Express Rail Link
rail services were to be suspended until the end of the control period due to significant reductions in passenger flow.
[
250
]
On 16 April 2020,
Defence Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
clarified that any form of mass movements and interstate travel would be prohibited during
Ramadan
as long as the Movement Control Order remains in force until 28 April. Many Muslim Malaysians visit their families and hometowns during the Ramadan period.
[
251
]
On 5 November 2020, Senior Minister
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
has announced that Malaysians living in areas under both Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) and Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) restrictions would not be allowed to cross borders during the upcoming
Deepavali
holiday on 14 November. It is customary for people to travel home and visit families during the Deepavali holiday.
[
252
]
On 18 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that Christmas gatherings on 25 December will be limited to 20 people at landed properties and 10 people at apartments and condominiums within areas under recovery and conditional movement control orders. Within areas under enhanced MCO, only household Christmas gatherings will be allowed. In addition, church masses will be allowed between 5 pm and 9:30 pm on 24 December for a maximum of two sessions.
[
253
]
On 29 April 2021, the Higher Education Ministry permitted students from higher learning institutions to return to their families to celebrate Hari Raya Aidilfitri from May 7 to 12. They will return to campus from May 15 to 20. They were only allowed to use their own vehicles, be picked up by their parents or guardians, travel by air, or board buses provided by their institutions.
[
254
]
President of
United Malays National Organisation
(UMNO)
Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
announced that the party would withdraw its support for Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and his government over the government's handling of the pandemic, including the indefinite extension of the MCO, in July 2021.
[
255
]
National Security Council's Power
[
edit
]
Yusramizza Md Isa, Senior Law Lecturer at
Universiti Utara Malaysia
, noted that the government's actions in issuing the MCO are under the auspices of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988. Under Section 5 of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988, the Health Ministry is the main authority in charge.
[
256
]
However, on 6 April 2020,
Minister of Defence
Ismail Sabri Yaakob
reported that only the National Security Council (NSC) can issue directives during the MCO.
[
257
]
Yusramizza further noted that unless "disaster emergency" or "a security area" is declared by the Prime Minister based on Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016 and Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20, the military is not empowered to arrest, seize and search.
[
256
]
Kuala Lumpur lawyers Haeme Hashim and CK Lew from Messrs. Haeme Lew suggested that the government ought to declare a "disaster emergency" according to Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20 and for the entirety of Malaysia to be declared as a "security area" under Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016, failing which the NSC and military do not have full power in administering this Movement Control Order. Only the police have full power and the military only works to assist the police in strengthening control over the order.
[
258
]
Civil society organisation Malaysians Against Death Penalty and Torture (Madpet) has stated that a special task force may be formed to assist health ministry, but not the NSC. A spokesperson for Madpet Charles Hector noted that the Malaysian government may have quietly and wrongly resorted to using the draconian National Security Council Act 2016 in the combat to curb and defeat the coronavirus threat as the NSC, under the NSC Act, seemed to be making decisions and issuing orders on coronavirus-related issues. Hector notes that the Ministry of Health's authority may be ousted by the NSC, and that the NSC may be wrongly taking overpower and control from the Ministry of Health, which is really the responsible Ministry under the Prevention And Control Of Infectious Diseases Act 1988.
[
259
]
2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures
COVID-19 lockdowns
COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines
COVID-19 lockdown in China
COVID-19 lockdown in India
COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy
COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia
Indonesia large-scale social restrictions
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(in Malay) |
| Markdown | [Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#bodyContent)
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## Contents
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- [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order)
- [1 Progress timetable by phase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Progress_timetable_by_phase)
- [2 Chronology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Chronology)
Toggle Chronology subsection
- [2\.1 Enhanced Movement Control Order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Enhanced_Movement_Control_Order)
- [2\.2 Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Semi_Enhanced_Movement_Control_Order)
- [2\.3 Relaxation of restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Relaxation_of_restrictions)
- [2\.3.1 Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Conditional_Movement_Control_Order_\(CMCO\))
- [2\.3.2 Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Recovery_Movement_Control_Order_\(RMCO\))
- [2\.3.3 Travel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Travel)
- [2\.4 Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Reinstatement_of_MCO_restrictions,_January%E2%80%93February_2021)
- [2\.5 Transition to CMCO, March 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Transition_to_CMCO,_March_2021)
- [2\.6 Reinstatement of MCO 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Reinstatement_of_MCO_3.0)
- [2\.7 Total lockdown (FMCO)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Total_lockdown_\(FMCO\))
- [2\.8 National Recovery Plan (NRP)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#National_Recovery_Plan_\(NRP\))
- [2\.8.1 Phase 1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Phase_1)
- [2\.8.2 Phase 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Phase_2)
- [2\.8.3 Phase 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Phase_3)
- [2\.8.4 Phase 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Phase_4)
- [3 Measures by state and territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Measures_by_state_and_territories)
Toggle Measures by state and territories subsection
- [3\.1 Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Johor)
- [3\.2 Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Kedah)
- [3\.3 Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Kuala_Lumpur)
- [3\.4 Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Labuan)
- [3\.5 Negeri Sembilan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Negeri_Sembilan)
- [3\.6 Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Pahang)
- [3\.7 Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Perak)
- [3\.8 Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Sabah)
- [3\.9 Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Sarawak)
- [3\.10 Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Selangor)
- [3\.11 Terengganu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Terengganu)
- [3\.12 Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Kelantan)
- [4 Effects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Effects)
Toggle Effects subsection
- [4\.1 Arrests and crime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Arrests_and_crime)
- [4\.2 Economy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Economy)
- [4\.3 Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Education)
- [4\.4 Essential supplies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Essential_supplies)
- [4\.5 Travel and transportation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Travel_and_transportation)
- [4\.6 Social gatherings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Social_gatherings)
- [4\.7 Politics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Politics)
- [5 National Security Council's Power](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#National_Security_Council's_Power)
- [6 See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#See_also)
- [7 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#References)
- [8 Further reading](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#Further_reading)
- [9 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#External_links)
Toggle the table of contents
# Malaysian movement control order
4 languages
- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7_2020 "أمر تقييد الحركة في ماليزيا 2020 – Arabic")
- [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perintah_Kendali_Pergerakan_Malaysia_2020 "Perintah Kendali Pergerakan Malaysia 2020 – Indonesian")
- [Bahasa Melayu](https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perintah_Kawalan_Pergerakan_Malaysia_2020-2021 "Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Malaysia 2020-2021 – Malay")
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
2020–21 COVID-19-related measures
| | |
|---|---|
| [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg) | This article's [lead section](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section") **may be too short to adequately [summarize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style "Wikipedia:Summary style") the key points**. Please consider expanding the lead to [provide an accessible overview](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section") of all important aspects of the article. *(June 2021)* |
| Malaysia Movement Control Order | |
|---|---|
| Part of the [COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") | |
| [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ops_Covid19_Tentera_Mula_Operasi_Bantu_Pdrm_Di_Shah_Alam.png)Police checkpoint in [Shah Alam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Alam "Shah Alam"), 22 March 2020 | |
| Date | 18 March 2020 (2020-03-18) – 31 December 2021 (2021-12-31) (1 year, 9 months, 1 week and 6 days) |
| Location | [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") |
| Caused by | [COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") |
| Goals | Containment of the pandemic |
| Methods | Prohibition of movement and mass assembly nationwide, including all religious, sports, social and cultural activities. All religious activities in mosques suspended, including Friday prayers Malaysians barred from leaving the country, and restrictions placed on the entry of non-Malaysians into the country All industries local or federal are closed except for infrastructure services and supermarkets, wet markets, grocery stores and multi-functional stores selling daily necessities All nurseries, government and private schools, including boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres, primary, secondary and pre-university education institutions, public and private universities, and vocational training centres closed |
| Status | Completely lifted |
| Casualties | |
| Arrested | 24,081 (As of 3 May 2020[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit))[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-1) |
| Part of [a series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_Malaysia "Category:History of Malaysia") on the | |
|---|---|
| [History of Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Malaysia "History of Malaysia") | |
| [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:\(139_of_160\)_\(cropped\).jpg "Les isles de la Sonde, entre lesquelles sont Sumatra, Iava, Borneo, &c / par le Sr. Sanson d'Abbeville geographe du roy ; A. Peyrounin sculp") | |
| | |
| **[Paleolithic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic "Paleolithic")** | |
| [Lenggong Valley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenggong "Lenggong") | c. 2,000,0000 BCE |
| **[Mesolithic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolithic "Mesolithic")** | |
| [Niah cultures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niah_National_Park "Niah National Park") | 65,000–40,000 BCE |
| **[Neolithic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic "Neolithic")** | |
| Bewah man/woman | 16,000 BCE |
| Perak man/woman | 11,000–200 BCE |
| [Neolithic Klang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Bell "Klang Bell") | 500 – 200 BCE |
| | |
| [Ancient Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Kedah "History of Kedah") | \<100 BCE |
| [Chi Tu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_Tu "Chi Tu") | 100 BCE–642 CE |
| [Langkasuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langkasuka "Langkasuka") | 100 BCE–1474 CE |
| [Gangga Negara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangga_Negara "Gangga Negara") | c. 100 CE–1025 |
| [Pan Pan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Pan_\(kingdom\) "Pan Pan (kingdom)") | 424–775 |
| [Old Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Kedah "History of Kedah") | 170–1135 |
| [Old Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Pahang_kingdom "Old Pahang kingdom") | 449–1454 |
| [Srivijaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srivijaya "Srivijaya") | 700s–1025 |
| [Majapahit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majapahit "Majapahit") | 1300s |
| | |
| [Kedah Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah_Sultanate "Kedah Sultanate") | 1136–present |
| [Samudera Pasai Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samudera_Pasai_Sultanate "Samudera Pasai Sultanate") | 1267–1521 |
| [Brunei Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneian_Empire "Bruneian Empire") | 1368–present |
| [Malacca Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate "Malacca Sultanate") | 1402–1511 |
| [Sulu Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu "Sultanate of Sulu") | 1450–1899 |
| [Pahang Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang_Sultanate "Pahang Sultanate") | 1470–1623 |
| [Aceh Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate "Aceh Sultanate") | 1496–1903 |
| [Pattani Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattani_Kingdom "Pattani Kingdom") | 1516– 1902 |
| [Johor Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor_Sultanate "Johor Sultanate") | 1528–present |
| [Perak Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak") | 1528–present |
| [Sarawak Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sarawak "Sultanate of Sarawak") | 1599–1641 |
| [Selangor Sultanate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_of_Selangor "Sultan of Selangor") | 1766–present |
| [Besut Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Besut_Darul_Iman "Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman") | 1780–1899 |
| [Setul Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Setul_Mambang_Segara "Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara") | 1808–1916 |
| [Reman Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Reman "Kingdom of Reman") | 1810–1902 |
| [Kubang Pasu Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kubang_Pasu_Darul_Qiyam "Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam") | 1839–1864 |
| | |
| [Portuguese Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca "Portuguese Malacca") | 1511–1641 |
| [Malay-Acehnese conflicts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay-Acehnese_conflicts "Malay-Acehnese conflicts") | 1528–1629 |
| [Dutch–Portuguese War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War "Dutch–Portuguese War") | 1601–1661 |
| [Acehnese invasion of Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_invasion_of_Johor "Acehnese invasion of Johor") | 1613 |
| [Acehnese conquest of Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_conquest_of_Perak "Acehnese conquest of Perak") | 1620 |
| [Dutch Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Malacca "Dutch Malacca") | 1641–1824 |
| [Pahang Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang_Kingdom "Pahang Kingdom") | 1770–1881 |
| [Straits Settlements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straits_Settlements "Straits Settlements") | 1786–1946 |
| [Siamese invasion of Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamese_invasion_of_Kedah "Siamese invasion of Kedah") | 1821–1826 |
| [Anglo-Dutch Treaty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaty_of_1824 "Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824") | 1824 |
| [Burney Treaty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burney_Treaty "Burney Treaty") | 1826 |
| [Naning War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naning_War "Naning War") | 1831–1832 |
| [Kingdom of Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak "Raj of Sarawak") | 1841–1946 |
| [Separation of Perlis from Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Jamalullail_\(Perlis\) "House of Jamalullail (Perlis)") | 1843 |
| [Crown Colony of Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan "Crown Colony of Labuan") | 1848–1946 |
| [Pahang Civil War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang_Civil_War "Pahang Civil War") | 1857–1863 |
| [Larut Wars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larut_Wars "Larut Wars") | 1861–1874 |
| [Klang War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_War "Klang War") | 1867–1874 |
| [Pangkor Treaty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangkor_Treaty_of_1874 "Pangkor Treaty of 1874") | 1874 |
| [Perak War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak_War "Perak War") | 1875–1876 |
| [British Malaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Malaya "British Malaya") / [Borneo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Borneo "British Borneo") | 1874–1946 |
| [Jementah Civil War](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jementah_Civil_War "Jementah Civil War") | 1879 |
| [North Borneo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Borneo "North Borneo") | 1882–1946 |
| [Pahang Uprising](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang_Uprising "Pahang Uprising") | 1891–1895 |
| [Mat Salleh Rebellion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat_Salleh_Rebellion "Mat Salleh Rebellion") | 1894–1905 |
| [Federated Malay States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_Malay_States "Federated Malay States") | 1895–1946 |
| [Anglo-Siamese Treaty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Siamese_Treaty_of_1909 "Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909") | 1909 |
| [Unfederated Malay States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States "Unfederated Malay States") | 1909–1946 |
| [Battle of Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Penang "Battle of Penang") | 1914 |
| [Kelantan rebellion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan_rebellion "Kelantan rebellion") | 1915 |
| | |
| [Japanese occupation of Malaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Malaya "Japanese occupation of Malaya") / [Borneo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_British_Borneo "Japanese occupation of British Borneo") | 1941–1945 |
| [Malayan campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_campaign "Malayan campaign") | 1941–1942 |
| [Bornean Campaign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Borneo_\(1941%E2%80%931942\) "Battle of Borneo (1941–1942)") | 1941–1942 |
| [Battle of Muar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Muar "Battle of Muar") | 1942 |
| [Parit Sulong Massacre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parit_Sulong_Massacre "Parit Sulong Massacre") | 1942 |
| [Battle of Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Singapore "Battle of Singapore") | 1942 |
| [Sook Ching](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sook_Ching "Sook Ching") | 1942 |
| [Syburi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syburi "Syburi") | 1942 |
| [Sandakan Death Marches](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandakan_Death_Marches "Sandakan Death Marches") | 1942–1945 |
| [Si Rat Malai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si_Rat_Malai "Si Rat Malai") | 1943–1945 |
| [Jesselton revolt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesselton_revolt "Jesselton revolt") | 1943–1944 |
| | |
| [BMA of Malaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Military_Administration_\(Malaya\) "British Military Administration (Malaya)")/[Borneo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Military_Administration_\(Borneo\) "British Military Administration (Borneo)") | 1945–1946 |
| [Crown Colony of N. Borneo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo "Crown Colony of North Borneo")/[Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak "Crown Colony of Sarawak") | 1946–1963 |
| [Anti-cession movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-cession_movement_of_Sarawak "Anti-cession movement of Sarawak") | 1946–1963 |
| [Malayan Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_Union "Malayan Union") | 1946–1948 |
| [Federation of Malaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya "Federation of Malaya") | 1948–1963 |
| [Malayan Emergency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_Emergency "Malayan Emergency") | 1948–1960 |
| [Baling Talks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baling_Talks "Baling Talks") | 1955 |
| | |
| [Malayan Independence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_Declaration_of_Independence "Malayan Declaration of Independence") | 1957 |
| [Singapore self-governance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-governance_of_Singapore "Self-governance of Singapore") | 1959 |
| [ISA 1960](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Security_Act_1960 "Internal Security Act 1960") | 1960–2012 |
| [Sarawak Insurgency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Sarawak "Communist insurgency in Sarawak") | 1962–1990 |
| [North Borneo self-governance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Borneo_Self-government_Day "North Borneo Self-government Day") | 1963 |
| [Konfrontasi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation "Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation") | 1963–1966 |
| [Sarawak self-governance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak_Independence_Day "Sarawak Independence Day") | 1963 |
| [Formation of Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Day "Malaysia Day") | 1963 |
| [Singapore in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore_in_Malaysia "Singapore in Malaysia") | 1963–1965 |
| [ASEAN Declaration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEAN_Declaration "ASEAN Declaration") | 1967 |
| [Second communist insurgency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_\(1968%E2%80%931989\) "Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)") | 1968–1989 |
| | |
| [1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_Sarawak_constitutional_crisis "1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis") | 1965–1966 |
| [13 May incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_May_incident "13 May incident") | 1969 |
| [National Operations Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Operations_Council "National Operations Council") | 1969–1971 |
| [Declaration of Rukun Negara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukun_Negara "Rukun Negara") | 1970 |
| [New Economic Policy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_New_Economic_Policy "Malaysian New Economic Policy") | 1971–1990 |
| [Federal Territory of KL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur") | 1974 |
| [1977 Kelantan Emergency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Kelantan_Emergency "1977 Kelantan Emergency") | 1977 |
| [Pedra Branca dispute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedra_Branca_dispute "Pedra Branca dispute") | 1979–2008 |
| [South China Sea dispute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea "Territorial disputes in the South China Sea") ([Spratly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute "Spratly Islands dispute")) | 1980–present |
| [Dawn Raid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawn_Raid_\(Malaysia\) "Dawn Raid (Malaysia)") | 1981 |
| [Federal Territory of Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") | 1984 |
| [Memali incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memali_Incident "Memali Incident") | 1985 |
| [Sabah Emergency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Sabah_riots "1986 Sabah riots") | 1986 |
| [Ming Court Affair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987_Ming_Court_Affair "1987 Ming Court Affair") | 1987 |
| [Operation Lalang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Lalang "Operation Lalang") | 1987 |
| [Constitutional crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Malaysian_constitutional_crisis "1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis") | 1987–1988 |
| [Peace Agreement of Hat Yai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Agreement_of_Hat_Yai_\(1989\) "Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)") | 1989 |
| [Royal Immunity Amendments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia "1993 amendments to the Constitution of Malaysia") | 1993 |
| [Asian financial crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis#Malaysia "1997 Asian financial crisis") | 1997–1998 |
| [Reformasi Movement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformasi_\(Malaysia\) "Reformasi (Malaysia)") | 1998–2022 |
| [Federal Territory of Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya") | 2001 |
| [2008 Malaysian Opposition Wave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Malaysian_Opposition_Wave "2008 Malaysian Opposition Wave") | 2008 |
| [2009 Perak constitutional crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Perak_constitutional_crisis "2009 Perak constitutional crisis") | 2009 |
| [H1N1 flu pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_in_Malaysia "2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia") | 2009–2010 |
| [Lahad Datu standoff](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Lahad_Datu_standoff "2013 Lahad Datu standoff") | 2013 |
| [Sedition Dragnet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Malaysian_sedition_dragnet "2014 Malaysian sedition dragnet") | 2014 |
| [1MDB scandal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1Malaysia_Development_Berhad_scandal "1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal") | 2015–present |
| [Pakatan Harapan takeover](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Malaysian_general_election "2018 Malaysian general election") | 2018 |
| [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") | 2020–2022 |
| [Political crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_political_crisis "2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis") | 2020–2022 |
| [Bornean Amendment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia "2021 amendment to the Constitution of Malaysia") | 2021–2023 |
| [Green Wave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Wave_\(Malaysia\) "Green Wave (Malaysia)") | 2022–present |
| [2023 Sabah political crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Sabah_political_crisis "2023 Sabah political crisis") | 2023 |
| | |
| [Brunei revolt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei_revolt "Brunei revolt") | 1962–1966 |
| [North Borneo dispute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute "North Borneo dispute") ([Philippine militant attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah "Cross border attacks in Sabah")) | 1962–present |
| [Singapore race riots](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964_race_riots_in_Singapore "1964 race riots in Singapore") | 1964 |
| [Brunei's Limbang claim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbang_District "Limbang District") | 1967–2009 |
| [Penang Hartal riot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Penang_Hartal_riot "1967 Penang Hartal riot") | 1967 |
| [Ligitan and Sipadan dispute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligitan_and_Sipadan_dispute "Ligitan and Sipadan dispute") | 1969–2002 |
| [Kuala Lumpur flash floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Kuala_Lumpur_floods "1971 Kuala Lumpur floods") | 1971 |
| [Malaysian haze crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asian_haze "Southeast Asian haze") | 1972–present |
| [AIA building hostage crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_AIA_building_hostage_crisis "1975 AIA building hostage crisis") | 1975 |
| [National Monument bombing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Monument_\(Malaysia\)#National_Monument "National Monument (Malaysia)") | 1975 |
| [Campbell Shopping Complex fire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campbell_Shopping_Complex_fire "Campbell Shopping Complex fire") | 1976 |
| [Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Sabah_Air_GAF_Nomad_crash "1976 Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash") | 1976 |
| [Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Air_Lines_Flight_715 "Japan Air Lines Flight 715") | 1977 |
| [MH653 incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Airline_System_Flight_653 "Malaysian Airline System Flight 653") | 1977 |
| [1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Bukit_Merah_radioactive_pollution "1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution") | 1982 |
| [1985 Lahad Datu ambush](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Lahad_Datu_ambush "1985 Lahad Datu ambush") | 1985 |
| [Memali Incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memali_Incident "Memali Incident") | 1985 |
| [Penang terminal bridge collapse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Halim_ferry_terminal_bridge_collapse "Sultan Abdul Halim ferry terminal bridge collapse") | 1988 |
| [Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Taufiqiah_Al-Khairiah_madrasa_fire "1989 Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire") | 1989 |
| [Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Kuala_Lumpur%E2%80%93Karak_Highway_crash "1990 Kuala Lumpur–Karak Highway crash") | 1990 |
| [Bright Sparklers disaster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bright_Sparklers_Fireworks_disaster "Bright Sparklers Fireworks disaster") | 1991 |
| [Highland Towers collapse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highland_Towers_collapse "Highland Towers collapse") | 1993 |
| [Genting landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genting_Sempah%E2%80%93Genting_Highlands_Highway#Notable_events "Genting Sempah–Genting Highlands Highway") | 1995 |
| [MH2133 incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_2133 "Malaysia Airlines Flight 2133") | 1995 |
| [Pos Dipang mudflow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Pos_Dipang_mudflow "1996 Pos Dipang mudflow") | 1996 |
| [Tropical Storm Greg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Depression_Greg_\(1996\) "Tropical Depression Greg (1996)") | 1996 |
| [Nipah virus outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%E2%80%931999_Malaysia_Nipah_virus_outbreak "1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak") | 1998–1999 |
| [2000 Sipadan kidnappings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_Sipadan_kidnappings "2000 Sipadan kidnappings") | 2000 |
| [Al-Ma'unah incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Ma%27unah "Al-Ma'unah") | 2000 |
| [Sauk Siege](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauk_Siege "Sauk Siege") | 2000 |
| [2001 Kampung Medan riots](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Kampung_Medan_riots "2001 Kampung Medan riots") | 2001 |
| [2002 Taman Hillview landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Taman_Hillview_landslide "2002 Taman Hillview landslide") | 2002 |
| [Indian Ocean tsunami](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_of_the_2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_on_Malaysia "Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia") | 2004 |
| [2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%932007_Southeast_Asian_floods "2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods") | 2006–2007 |
| [Bukit Antarabangsa landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bukit_Antarabangsa_landslide "2008 Bukit Antarabangsa landslide") | 2008 |
| [Attacks against places of worship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_attacks_against_places_of_worship_in_Malaysia "2010 attacks against places of worship in Malaysia") | 2010 |
| [2010 Cameron Highlands bus crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Cameron_Highlands_bus_crash "2010 Cameron Highlands bus crash") | 2010 |
| [Hulu Langat landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Hulu_Langat_landslide "2011 Hulu Langat landslide") | 2011 |
| [2013 Genting Highlands bus crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Genting_Highlands_bus_crash "2013 Genting Highlands bus crash") | 2013 |
| [MH370 incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370 "Malaysia Airlines Flight 370") | 2014 |
| [MH17 incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17 "Malaysia Airlines Flight 17") | 2014 |
| [2014–15 Malaysia floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Malaysia_floods "2014–15 Malaysia floods") | 2014–2015 |
| [Sabah earthquake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Sabah_earthquake "2015 Sabah earthquake") | 2015 |
| [2015 Plaza Low Yat riot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Plaza_Low_Yat_riot "2015 Plaza Low Yat riot") | 2015 |
| [Movida Bar grenade attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Movida_Bar_grenade_attack "2016 Movida Bar grenade attack") | 2016 |
| [Kim Jong-nam's Assassination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Kim_Jong-nam "Assassination of Kim Jong-nam") | 2017 |
| [Darul Quran madrasa fire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Darul_Quran_Ittifaqiyah_madrasa_fire "2017 Darul Quran Ittifaqiyah madrasa fire") | 2017 |
| [2018 Subang Temple riot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Maha_Mariamman_Temple_riot "Sri Maha Mariamman Temple riot") | 2018 |
| [2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Kim_Kim_River_toxic_pollution "2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution") | 2019 |
| [2020-21 Malaysia floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Malaysian_floods "2020–21 Malaysian floods") | 2021 |
| [LRT train collision](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Kelana_Jaya_LRT_collision "2021 Kelana Jaya LRT collision") | 2021 |
| [2021-22 Malaysia floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_floods "2021–2022 Malaysian floods") | 2021–2022 |
| [2022 Batang Kali landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Batang_Kali_landslide "2022 Batang Kali landslide") | 2022 |
| [2023 Elmina plane crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Elmina_plane_crash "2023 Elmina plane crash") | 2023 |
| [2024 Lumut helicopters crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Lumut_mid-air_collision "2024 Lumut mid-air collision") | 2024 |
| [2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Ulu_Tiram_police_station_attack "2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack") | 2024 |
| [2025 Putra Heights pipeline fire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Putra_Heights_pipeline_fire "2025 Putra Heights pipeline fire") | 2025 |
| [2025 Gerik bus crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Gerik_bus_crash "2025 Gerik bus crash") | 2025 |
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"Movement control order" redirects here. For other uses, see [Stay-at-home order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order").
The **Movement Control Order** ([Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language"): *Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Kerajaan Malaysia*), commonly referred to as the **MCO** or ***PKP***, was a series of national [quarantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine "Quarantine") and *[cordon sanitaire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordon_sanitaire_\(medicine\) "Cordon sanitaire (medicine)")* measures implemented by the [federal government](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Malaysia "Government of Malaysia") of [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") in response to the [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia"). The orders were commonly referred to in local and international media as "[lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns")".
Beginning on 18 March 2020,[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-2) the MCO was enforced nationwide and encompassed restrictions on movement, assembly and international travel, and mandated the closure of business, industry, government and educational institutions to curb the spread of [SARS-CoV-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2 "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2"), the virus that causes [COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-3) These measures were periodically relaxed and strengthened throughout the following 19 months in response to the changing epidemiology of the disease. Movement control orders were also localised to specific [states and federal territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_federal_territories_of_Malaysia "States and federal territories of Malaysia") or smaller areas. The Movement Control Order was included in the National Recovery Plan ([Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language"): *Pelan Pemulihan Negara*, shortened to NRP/*PPN*) launched in June 2021.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-4)
In October 2021, the Malaysian government lifted movement control restrictions for [vaccinated people](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia") and announced its intention to treat COVID-19 as an [endemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_\(epidemiology\) "Endemic (epidemiology)") disease.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-5)
## Progress timetable by phase
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=1 "Edit section: Progress timetable by phase")\]
| Phase | Date |
|---|---|
| Movement Control Order (MCO/*PKP*, 18 March 2020 – 3 May 2020) | |
| Phase 1 | 18 March 2020 – 31 March 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 1 April 2020 – 14 April 2020 |
| Phase 3 | 15 April 2020 – 28 April 2020 |
| Phase 4 | 29 April 2020 – 3 May 2020 |
| Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO/*PKPB*, 4 May 2020 – 9 June 2020) | |
| Phase 1 | 4 May 2020 – 12 May 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 13 May 2020 – 9 June 2020 |
| Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO/*PKPP*, 10 June 2020 – 31 March 2021) | |
| Phase 1 | 10 June 2020 – 31 August 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 1 September 2020 – 31 December 2020 |
| Phase 3 | 1 January 2021 – 31 March 2021 |
| MCO by states (13 January 2021 – 31 May 2021) | |
| Each states switch between MCO, CMCO, RMCO, EMCO, and semi-EMCO depending on the COVID-19 condition in each states. | |
| Total lockdown (1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021) | |
| National Recovery Plan (NRP/*PPN*, 15 June 2021 – 31 December 2021)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-ppn-2021-6) | |
| Phase 1 | 1 June 2021 – 1 October 2021[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-may-28-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) |
| Phase 1 (FMCO) | 1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-9) |
| Phase 2 | 5 July 2021 (began early with Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak)[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-5states-5Jul-10) |
| 7 July 2021 (Penang)[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11) | |
| 10 July 2021 (Sabah)[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sabah-10Jul-12) | |
| 14 July 2021 (Sarawak)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) | |
| 26 August 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Aug26-n9-labuan-14) | |
| 4 September 2021 (Malacca)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15) | |
| 10 September 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya)[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep-16) | |
| 24 September 2021 (Johor)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 1 October 2021 (Kedah)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) | |
| **Period:** 5 July 2021 – 18 October 2021 *Note: No official announcement was made for Labuan.* | |
| Phase 3 | 4 August 2021 (began early with Perlis, Sarawak and Labuan)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase3-sarawak-labuan-perlis-4Aug-18) |
| 4 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15) | |
| 17 September 2021 (Terengganu)[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-19) | |
| 24 September 2021 (Pahang)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 1 October 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Malacca)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) | |
| 8 October 2021 (Johor)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:2-20) | |
| 18 October 2021 (Kelantan, Perak, Penang, Sabah, Kedah)[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21) | |
| **Period:** 4 August 2021 – 3 January 2022 | |
| Phase 4 | 26 August 2021 (began early with Labuan)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Aug26-n9-labuan-14) |
| 24 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 8 October 2021 (Pahang)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Pahang_MB_reminds_people_in_state-22)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:2-20) | |
| 18 October 2021 (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, Malacca)[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21) | |
| 25 October 2021 (Johor, Terengganu)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-23) | |
| 8 November 2021 (Sabah, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Oriental-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysiakini.com-25) | |
| 3 January 2022 (Sarawak, Kelantan)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-26) | |
## Chronology
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=2 "Edit section: Chronology")\]
On 16 March 2020, Prime Minister [Muhyiddin Yassin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin "Muhyiddin Yassin") made an official speech and officially promulgated the movement control order under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 and the Police Act 1967.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-27) The order included the following restrictions:
1. General prohibition of mass movements and gatherings across the country including religious, sports, social and cultural activities. To enforce this prohibition, all houses of worship and business premises would be closed, except for supermarkets, public markets, grocery stores and convenience stores selling everyday necessities. Specifically for Muslims, the adjournment of all religious activities in mosques including [Friday prayers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_prayer "Friday prayer") would be in line with the decision made on 15 March 2020 by the Special Muzakarah Meeting of the National Council for Islamic Affairs.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
2. Sanctions covering all Malaysians travelling abroad. For those who have just returned from overseas, they would be required to undergo a health check and a 14-day quarantine (or self-quarantine).[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
3. Restrictions on the entry of all tourists and foreign visitors into the country.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
4. Closure of all kindergartens, government and private schools including daily schools, boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres and another primary, secondary and pre-university institutions.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
5. Closure of all public and private higher education institutions (IPTs) and skills training institutes nationwide.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
6. Closure of all government and private premises except those involved in essential services (water, electricity, energy, telecommunications, postal, transportation, irrigation, oil, gas, fuel, lubricants, broadcasting, finance, banking, health, pharmacy, fire, prison, port, airport, safety, defence, cleaning, retail and food supply).[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
On 18 March, Malaysia began the implementation the movement control order. On 25 March, the prime minister through a live national broadcast announced a first extension of the MCO to last until 14 April.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-29)[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-30)
There were, however, considerations of a further lockdown until late April or May as the number of cases in Malaysia is expected to peak in mid-April, according to the [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization") (WHO).[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-31)[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-32) On 8 April, Health Director-General [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah "Noor Hisham Abdullah") said that the health ministry was having a discussion with the nation's cabinet regarding the possible extension of the MCO, with the decision of the MCO's duration to be announced no later than Friday.[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-33)[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-34) On 10 April, the prime minister announced a second extension of the MCO by another fortnight until 28 April, noting that his decision was to give space to the healthcare personnels battling the COVID-19 outbreak, apart from preventing the virus from spreading again and to avoid another increase of cases if the MCO is lifted too early.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-35) On the night of 23 April, Muhyiddin announced a third extension of the MCO by two weeks till 12 May, with the possibility of further extensions.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-36)
The [Royal Malaysia Police](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Malaysia_Police "Royal Malaysia Police") (PDRM) initially warned that violators of the MCO's regulation may be subjected to various penalties under the [Penal Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_Code_\(Malaysia\) "Penal Code (Malaysia)").[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-37) However, on 18 March, the chamber of the [Attorney General](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Malaysia "Attorney General of Malaysia") released a federal gazette specific to the control order, where violations can be fined up to [RM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgit "Malaysian ringgit")1,000 ([US\$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar "United States dollar")229\) and/or jailed not more than six months or both.[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-38) On 14 April, Senior Minister Datuk Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") stated that compounds will no longer be issued by the police from the next day as the penalties were ineffective on reducing MCO violations, and offenders will be arrested and remanded instead.[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-39)
Except for travel to [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak"), a written police permit with a valid reason was originally planned to be required for interstate travel during the MCO.[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-40) As a result, large crowds were reported to have gathered at police stations for permits hours before the travel restriction was in effect. Concerned that the crowding will exacerbate the spread of COVID-19, PDRM called off the permit plan a few hours before the MCO, until further notice.[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-41)
During the MCO, PDRM conducted road blocks operations (codenamed "Ops COVID-19") along key points across the country,[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-42) to monitor travellers and warn them to stay home and abide by the order.[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-44)[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-45) From 22 March, [Malaysia's military forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Armed_Forces "Malaysian Armed Forces") were mobilised to augment PDRM's MCO operations; as of April, approximately 7,000 military personnel were deployed to assist.[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-46)[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-47) From 4 May, in line with the Conditional MCO, PDRM is planning to reduce roadblocks nationwide to focus on social distancing enforcements as well as curbing the entry of illegal immigrants and smuggling activities.[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-48)
On 20 March, [RapidKL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidKL "RapidKL") trains had an extended waiting time of 10 minutes, from the previous duration of 3–8 minutes.[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-49)
On 30 March, the national government designated that all businesses such as supermarkets and restaurants, including [food delivery services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_delivery "Food delivery") can only be operated from 8 am till 8 pm starting from 1 April.[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-50) Sarawak, however, insisted on its operation time of 7 am till 7 pm, citing that Sarawak's daylight is earlier than in West Malaysia.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-51) Further measures were instilled starting from 1 April; a person must not be accompanied with other people during travel, a 10 km travel radius for all travellers and the banning of all types of gatherings except for funerals, however the attendees must be kept to a minimum.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-52) People who travel for medical purposes are exempted from companion rule and the travel radius.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-53)
All levels of supply chains regarding [agricultural](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Malaysia "Agriculture in Malaysia") and fishing industries are allowed to be in operation throughout the order.[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-54) On 10 April, the Malaysian government gave permissions to certain businesses to operate during the order to ensure the sustainability of the country's economy, to prevent the loss of jobs among Malaysians and to ensure continuous access to basic needs and critical products.[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-55)
The Malaysian Government had eased lockdown restrictions on 4 May under a "conditional MCO," which allowed certain business sectors to resume operations. On 10 May Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced in a live broadcast, that the CMCO will be extended until 9 June, the fourth extension since 18 March. Muhyiddin Yassin clarified that all rules and standard operating procedures (SOPs) introduced during the conditional MCO would remain in force until 9 June and that any changes to the SOPs or the list of sectors allowed to operate will be announced. There will be a ban on interstate movement during the Hari Raya Aidilfitri, the Kaamatan Feast and Hari Gawai holiday periods.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-56)[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-57)
### Enhanced Movement Control Order
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=3 "Edit section: Enhanced Movement Control Order")\]
From 27 March 2020, specific locations were subjected to a [stay-at-home order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order"), known as the "Enhanced Movement Control Order" (EMCO or Enhanced MCO), for 14 days if a large cluster was detected within the area for the government to conduct a thorough COVID-19 test towards all residents, and to curb the spread of the virus out of the areas. The orders included:[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:0-58)
- All residents and visitors within the area are forbidden from exiting their homes during the order;
- non-residents and visitors outside the area cannot enter into the area subjected to the order;
- All businesses are shut down;
- adequate food supplies will be given by the authorities during the 14 day-order to all residents;
- a medical base will be established within the area;
- All roads into the area are blocked.
On 27 March, two areas in [Simpang Renggam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpang_Renggam "Simpang Renggam"), Johor were subjected to the order till 9 April as those areas alone contributed to a high 61 positive cases.[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:0-58) On 30 March, this order is applied to a few hamlets in Sungai Lui, [Hulu Langat District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulu_Langat_District "Hulu Langat District"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor") due to a detection of a cluster involving a [madrasa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasa "Madrasa") with 71 positive cases.[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-59) City One, a residential complex in Jalan Munshi Abdullah, Kuala Lumpur which its residents are mainly foreign workers was subjected to the extended order on 31 March as 17 cases involving residents of the tower were detected.[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-60) Selangor Mansion and Malayan Mansion, apartment buildings located at Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur, were subjected to EMCOs on 7 April, as 15 positive cases were detected within the two buildings,[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-61) while Jalan Masjid India and its surrounding areas were subjected to EMCOs on 14 April.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-62) Similarly, an EMCO order was placed for over 15,000 residents living around the Kuala Lumpur Wholesale Market in [Selayang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayang "Selayang") on 20 April until 3 May, following the detection of 20 cases and one fatality from the area.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-63)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jalan_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman,_Kuala_Lumpur_during_Extended_Movement_Control_order_due_to_Coronavirus_pandemic_02.jpg)
Masjid India of Kuala Lumpur completely sealed off during EMCO
On 6 April, Malaysia's Defence Minister, Datuk Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob"), suggested that the government is planning for a new standard operating procedure regarding the EMCO and the government tried to not impose an excessively wide radius towards areas subjected to the EMCO.[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-64)
On 9 November, the Government extended the Enhanced Movement Control Order over several areas in Sabah, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Sarawak in response to a spike in cases nationwide.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-65)
### Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=4 "Edit section: Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order")\]
From 14 May 2020, Pudu area in Kuala Lumpur comes under semi enhanced movement control order (SEMCO). Soldiers and police put up barbed wire fences at road exits. It is understood that besides Jalan Pudu, the affected roads are Jalan Kancil, Jalan Pasar, Jalan Landak, Lorong Brunei 2 and Lorong Brunei 3. Several busy commercial districts in the Klang Valley have been put under various lockdowns, including the enhanced movement control order (EMCO).\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
### Relaxation of restrictions
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=5 "Edit section: Relaxation of restrictions")\]
As the number of daily cases and active cases of COVID-19 reduced in Malaysia by mid-April 2020, the government had relaxed several measures of the MCO. [Transport Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Transport (Malaysia)") Dr [Wee Ka Siong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wee_Ka_Siong "Wee Ka Siong") confirmed that all public transportation services would resume on 4 May but would abide by social distancing measures.[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-66) On 30 April, the Government announced that two family members will be allowed to buy food and other daily essentials as part of the relaxation of MCO restrictions.[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-67)
On 21 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that couples whose marriage registration had been delayed as a result of the Movement Control Order could not complete the process at all permitted NGOs in the country including clan organisations, temples, churches, and religious bodies.[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-68)
#### Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=6 "Edit section: Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)")\]
Muhyiddin Yassin in his Labour Day speech on 1 May 2020 announced a plan named the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO or Conditional MCO), a relaxation of regulations regarding the MCO, with its main goal was to reopen the national economy in a controlled manner.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO-69) The CMCO was scheduled to start from 4 May.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO-69) The regulations of the CMCO as stated in his speech included:[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-70)
- most economic sectors and activities are allowed to operate while observing the business standard operating procedures such as social distancing and recording the names and telephone numbers of customers and the dates of their visit;
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tung_Shin_Hospital_during_Covid-19_in_May_2020.jpg)
QR Code to be scanned before entering [Tung Shin Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tung_Shin_Hospital "Tung Shin Hospital") Kuala Lumpur (Code leads to [this online form](https://web.archive.org/web/20200523162228/https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfGOKq4nwfwGRJ5QjR0d5dPTTx7NcmUUGEFQm2-Xca_z9-nfA/viewform))
- sports activities involving large gatherings, body contact and other risks of infection are not allowed, including all indoor and stadium sports events. Outdoor sports activities which do not involve body contact, in small groups without an audience and involving not more than 10 persons are allowed on the condition that social distancing is practised;
- social, community and cultural events which involve large gatherings as well as all types of official events and assemblies are not permitted. Religious activities and all congregational or assembly activities in houses of worship are not allowed;
- interstate travel, including the *[balik kampung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balik_kampung "Balik kampung")* tradition for the oncoming [Eid al-Fitr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr "Eid al-Fitr") is not allowed except for work purposes and to return home after being stranded in the hometowns or elsewhere.
However, the CMCO received mixed reactions among state governments around Malaysia.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71) The states of [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan"), [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah") and [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak") decided to not implement the CMCO by 4 May, either to give way to discussions regarding the implications of reopening economic sections towards the future trend of Malaysia's pandemic or to secure the positive development of the pandemic.[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO2-72) The governments of [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor") and [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak") restricted some business sectors operating during the CMCO while [Negeri Sembilan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan "Negeri Sembilan") only allowed economic sectors to reopen.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO2-72) The government of [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang") on the other hand had implemented a three-phase gradual reopening till 13 May.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71)
The CMCO received backlash by politicians, health experts and the general public over concerns of a possible resurgence of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia due to the seemingly reckless and unnecessary relaxation of the MCO; the federal government responded by stating that the CMCO is stricter than relaxation measures taken in other countries.[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-73)[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-74) By 3 May, over 420,000 members of the public had signed a petition of objection to the conditional MCO and urging the government to stay with the MCO.[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-75)
On 7 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would be reinstating the CMCO throughout most of Peninsular Malaysia except Kelantan, Perlis, and Pahang between 9 November and 6 December 2020. Besides, CMCO measures for Sabah, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya, which were scheduled to end on 9 November, were extended until 6 December. Under these new CMCO measures, all educational institutions, social and cultural activities will be required to cease but economic activities can continue under set standard operating procedures.[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-76)
On 13 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would allow three people from the same household per car, easing an earlier CMCO restriction limiting cars to just two people following a public backlash.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-77)
On 20 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob approved a domestic travel bubble programme within green zones. He also announced the elimination of CMCO restrictions in the states of [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), and [Terengganu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu "Terengganu") with the exception of certain districts.[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-78)
On 5 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end for most states except Sabah, Kuala Lumpur, most of Selangor, and parts of Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Kelantan and Perak; where the CMCO would be extended until 20 December.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Interstate_travel_6_Dec_2020-79)
On 7 December, the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)") lifted the cap on the number of diners allowed to share tables at restaurants in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) including Kuala Lumpur.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-80)
On 18 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and much of Selangor with the exception of [Sabak Bernam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabak_Bernam "Sabak Bernam"), [Hulu Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulu_Selangor "Hulu Selangor"), and [Kuala Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Selangor "Kuala Selangor") from 21 December to 31 December 2020.[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-81) In addition, the CMCO was extended in Sabah and several districts in Negri Sembilan, Johor, Penang, and Perak until 31 December. Meanwhile, the CMCO in certain districts of Kedah and Kelantan will revert to Recovery Movement Control Order on 20 December.[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-82)
On 28 December, the National Security Council extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor from 1 January until 14 January in response to a surge in cases and clusters in those areas.[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-83)
#### Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=7 "Edit section: Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)")\]
On 7 June 2020, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end on 9 June, with the country entering into the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) phase between 10 June and 31 August.[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-84) The Prime Minister also announced that interstate travel would be allowed from 10 June under the RMCO except in areas remaining under the Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO).[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-85)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MNHKPD_Friday_prayer_during_MCO_-_20200619_-_6.jpg)
Praying spots for prayer attendees are marked with masking tapes and placed a metre away from each other at the Kampung Pandan Dalam Nurul Hidayah Mosque, Selangor.
In most areas, certain religious activities at mosques are allowed again, but with many restrictions. In [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), for example, Muslims are only allowed to go to certain mosques for Friday prayers after receiving an invitation from the mosque authorities, or after having their application accepted by the religious authorities. The number of attendees is also restricted to 40, and then later to 150 people only,[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-86) as they are instructed to bring their own prayer mats and only sit within their own prepared spaces, distanced a metre away from each other. In Kuala Lumpur, several mosques operated on a 'first-come, first-served' policy.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-87)
On 26 June, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that sectors under the purview of the [Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism,_Arts_and_Culture "Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture") such as meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions, travel and trade fairs, as well as a spa, wellness and reflexology centres would be allowed to open from 1 July. However, tourism businesses are required to abide by social distancing measures, limit crowds to 200–250 people, check customers' temperatures, wear face masks, and provide hand sanitizer. While reflexology centres provided by the blind are allowed to reopen, only Malaysians can work in spas, wellness, and reflexology centres. Ismail Sabri also announced that tuition centres, special education schools and private schools would be allowed to operate soon.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-88)
On 29 June, it was reported that both government and private pre-schools, kindergartens, nurseries and daycare centres would resume operations from 1 July. Under the RMCO, a range of businesses and activities have been allowed to resume operations including spas, wellness and foot massage centres, cinemas, meetings, seminars, weddings, birthdays, and religious gatherings. Besides, swimming in public, hotel, condominium, gated community and private pools have also been allowed.[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-89)
On 3 July, Religious Affairs Minister in the [Prime Minister's Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Department_\(Malaysia\) "Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)") Dr [Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulkifli_Mohamad_Al-Bakri "Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri") clarified that foreigners would not be allowed to attend congregational prayers at mosques and surau until the department had studied reports from the [Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_Territories_Islamic_Religious_Department&action=edit&redlink=1 "Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department (page does not exist)") regarding the situation. Zulkifli expressed hope that the situation would be resolved within a month or two.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-90)
On 10 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that family entertainment centres including game arcades, karaoke centres, indoor funfairs, edutainment centres for children, and kids' gymnasiums could resume operations from 15 July.[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-91)
On 28 August, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced the extension of the RMCO by a further 4 months until 31 December 2020.[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-92)[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-93)[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-94)
On 1 January 2021, Senior Minister Dato Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the RMCO has been extended to 31 March 2021 as cases are still high.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-95)
#### Travel
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=8 "Edit section: Travel")\]
On 5 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Government would allow unrestricted interstate travel across states and districts from 7 December with the exception of areas under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO), which will still require a police permit.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Interstate_travel_6_Dec_2020-79)
### Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=9 "Edit section: Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021")\]
On 11 January 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that Movement Control Order restrictions would be re-introduced to the states of [Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah") and the [federal territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur"), [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya"), and [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") between 13 until 26 January 2021. It was dubbed as MCO 2.0 widely. These restrictions include:\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
- Banning travel between states and districts;
- Limiting travel 10 km away from homes;
- Stay at home orders;
- Only allowing two people per household to travel in cars and buy groceries;
- Banning social gatherings including weddings, seminars, and sports;
- Eateries and hawker stalls can only provide takeaway services and deliveries;
- Only five essential economic sectors allowed to operate: manufacturing, construction, services (including supermarkets, banks and health services), trade and distribution and plantations;
- Outdoor recreational activities limited to people from the same household;
- Non-essential workers must conduct [remote work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_work "Remote work"); and
- Five person limit at mosques and other places of worship.[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-96)
On 15 January, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that MCO restrictions would be reimposed on [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan") and [Sibu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibu "Sibu"), [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak") between 16 and 29 January in response to a surge of cases.[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-97) On 21 January, several betting outlets in peninsular Malaysia and Sabah announced they were closing until 4 February to comply with the Government's new Movement Control Order.[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-98)
On 21 January, Senior Defence Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the Government would be allowing restaurants, food stalls and food deliveries in states under the MCO to operate until 10 pm starting 22 January, easing a week-long rule of only allowing operations to run until 8 pm.[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-99) On 21 January, the Malaysian Government extended the country's MCO restrictions in Selangor, Penang, Johor, Malacca, Sabah and the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan until 4 February due to a continuation of rising cases and deaths.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-100)
On 2 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended MCO restrictions over all states except Sarawak from 5 to 18 February 2021.[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-101) On 4 February, Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that three business activities night markets, hair salons, and car wash services would be allowed to operate under a strict operating procedure from 5 February onwards as Phase One together with some businesses.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-102)
On 9 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that dining in and retail shops are allowed to open, subject to rule of 5 per table; which is being implemented from 10 February 2021, moving from Phase One to Phase Two. However, the Phase Two will only exist until July 2021.[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-103)
On 11 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that gym activities, golf, table tennis, badminton and tennis would be allowed from 12 February with social distancing and time restrictions.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-104)
On 13 February, the National Unity Ministry confirmed that non-Muslim places of worship would be allowed to start reopening from 12 February for the remainder of the Movement Control Order, which is scheduled to end on 18 February 2021.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-105)
On 16 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the government would extend the MCO for Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur until 4 March 2021. Meanwhile, Kedah, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu, Kelantan, Melaka, Pahang and Sabah as well as the federal territories of Putrajaya and Labuan transitioned back into the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) from 19 February 2021.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-106)
On 25 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the meetings, incentives, conferencing and exhibitions (MICE) sector in states under the Movement Control Order would be allowed to resume from 5 March 2021.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-107)
### Transition to CMCO, March 2021
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=10 "Edit section: Transition to CMCO, March 2021")\]
On 5 March 2021, Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur exited the Movement Control Order lockdown and entered the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO). This coincided with the launch of Malaysia [National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_COVID-19_Immunisation_Programme_\(Malaysia\) "National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme (Malaysia)"), which commenced the previous week.[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-108)
On 12 March, Deputy Chief Minister Datuk Amar [Douglas Uggah Embas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Uggah_Embas "Douglas Uggah Embas") confirmed that the CMCO in Sarawak would be extended by a further two weeks from 16 March to 29 March.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-109)
The CMCO in Sarawak was extended for two more weeks from 13 April until 26 April 2021.[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-110) The Sarawak Disaster Management Committee subsequently extended the CMCO until 10 May and then 17 May.[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-111)
The Conditional MCO (CMCO) has been extended to 28 April 2021 in Johor, Kelantan, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Penang. The Recovery MCO (RMCO) has been extended in Sabah, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan (except Seremban district under CMCO), Kedah (except Kuala Muda district under CMCO), Pelis, Perak, Terengganu, W.P Putrajaya and W.P Labuan from 13 to 28 April 2021.[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-112)
### Reinstatement of MCO 3.0
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=11 "Edit section: Reinstatement of MCO 3.0")\]
Movement Control Order restrictions were reimposed in Kelantan from 16 April until 29 April 2021, before being extended until 17 May 2021.[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-114)
From 3 May 2021, the Malaysian Government reimposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Sarawak, and Selangor in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases. Schools were closed and social and religious activities were banned. While some economic activities were allowed, eateries can only provide takeaway services.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-115)
From 6 May until 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Government re-imposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Selangor (except Sabak Bernam, Hulu Selangor, Kuala Selangor), in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Malay_Mail_5_May_2021-116) MCO restrictions were also reimposed on Kuala Lumpur, Johor (Johor Bahru, Kulai, Kota Tinggi), Terengganu (Besut), and Perak (Larut Matang & Selama, Mukim Taiping) between 7 and 20 May 2021.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Malay_Mail_5_May_2021-116)[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-117) The government has also imposed a nationwide ban on inter-district travel from 10 May until 6 June 2021.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-118)
On 8 May, Senior Minister (Security) Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Malaysian Government would not implement a nationwide movement control order but will instead use targeted movement restrictions in response to local outbreaks.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-119) That same day, Ismail also confirmed that all interstate and inter-district travel without police approval would be banned nationwide from 10 May to 6 June 2021.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-120)
On 10 May, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that a nationwide Movement Control Order lockdown would be reinstated from 12 May to 7 June. Dining in, social activities and shopping areas will be banned, although workers are allowed to go to work and come back home. Inter-district and inter-state travel are banned.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-121)
A stricter form of the Movement Control Order lockdown was suggested by the government on 22 May. It was imposed on 25 May and lasts for two weeks. Under the updated form of the Movement Control Order, shoppers are only allowed to visit shopping malls and restaurants for only two hours.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-122) Shopping malls and eateries can only operate until 8 pm, and all sea and land transport services can only operate up to 50% of their capacity.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-123)[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-124)
In May 2021, RapidKL trains' frequency times were extended to 10 minutes during peak hours, and 30 minutes during normal hours.[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-125)
Sabah used a slightly different form of the Movement Control Order from 25 May onwards. Under its modified MCO, food and beverage outlets, grocery shops, self-service laundromats, and other businesses can only operate until 9 pm; all restaurants can only operate until 10 pm; customers visiting shopping malls, restaurants, grocery stores, hypermarkets, and mini-markets may be inside the premises for one hour; and said premises can only operate up to 50% of their capacity, with at least 200 square feet per customer.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-126) That ended with the nationwide lockdown on 1 June.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
### Total lockdown (FMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=12 "Edit section: Total lockdown (FMCO)")\]
On 28 May 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that a nationwide "total lockdown" or Full Movement Control Order (FMCO) will be imposed on all social and economic sectors in Malaysia from 1 June to 14 June 2021. Under this lockdown, only essential economic and social services listed by the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)") will be allowed to operation. This will be followed by a second phase lasting four weeks from 14 June under which more sectors will be allowed to reopen, provided these activities do not involve large gatherings. The new master plan for exiting the lockdown will be announced in July 2021.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-127)[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-128)
On 12 June 2021, the Malaysian Government extended the country's total lockdown (FMCO) by another two weeks until 28 June since daily new cases are still averaging over 5,000.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-129)
On 27 June 2021, the Malaysian government announced that country-wide lockdowns will be extended indefinitely until daily cases fall below 4,000.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-130) Restaurants are also allowed to operate from 6 am until 10 pm from 28 June onwards.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaymail.com-131)
Due to the lockdown, more and more lower-income households are running out of food and income. Several activists organised the \#benderaputih movement, calling the affected households to raise [white flags](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_flag "White flag") or pieces of cloth to alert their neighbours and receive aid.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-132) At the same time, people raised red flags to ask for aid for their pets, and black flags to protest the government's poor handling of the pandemic.[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-133)[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-134)
As Perlis, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang have met the conditions needed, the government has allowed these states to move to Phase 2 of the lockdown on 5 July. This allows more businesses to be opened up, such as stationary and book shops, computer and telecommunication outlets, barberstores (only for haircuts), farmers' markets, and morning markets.[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-135)[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-136)
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang entered into Phase 2 of the lockdown.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11)
On 24 July, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that the construction sector was allowed to operate under strict compliance to the SOP, along with the construction of roads and other public infrastructures. He also stated that all workers in the construction sector must be vaccinated.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-137)
### National Recovery Plan (NRP)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=13 "Edit section: National Recovery Plan (NRP)")\]
On 15 June 2021, Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin introduced a four-phase National Recovery Plan (NRP) to help the country emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fallout.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-ppn-2021-6)[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-138)
As each phase is based on the number of new cases, people requiring ICU treatment, and vaccination rates (by having two shots), it can be extended, or moved on to the next phase, whenever possible. From 7 August onwards, the number of new Covid cases with serious symptoms were used to indicate whether a state was ready to move up to Phases 2 and 3. Asymptomatic cases were no longer counted, as over 40 percent of the adult population had been vaccinated by the time the policy was changed.[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-139)
From 10 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states had more freedoms: they were required to wait for 14 days after their second dose (or 28 days for single-dose vaccines). Fully-vaccinated people were also able to be quarantined at home after returning, instead of being sent to a quarantine centre, provided they showed that they had no signs of infection within three days, and they presented their vaccination certificates[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-140) From 20 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people were no longer affected by the 10-kilometre limit when travelling.[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-141)
As around 66% of the country's population were vaccinated, and to make them more easier for the people to understand and follow, the government reduced the number of SOPs from 181 to just 10 in two weeks from 14 September 2021.[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-142)
On 23 September 2021, petrol stations, restaurants, eateries, and convenience stores were allowed to operate from 6 am to 12 midnight, to aid the economic recovery of the country. Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob also announced that when 90% of Malaysia's population had been fully-vaccinated, interstate travel will be allowed again.[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-143)[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-144)
On 24 September 2021, the government planned to permit interstate travel within three weeks in early October, which would be when 90% of the adult population will have been fully-vaccinated.[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-145) Home Minister [Hamzah Zainudin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamzah_Zainudin "Hamzah Zainudin") also announced that foreign tourists will be allowed against when the country enters the endemic phase of the Covid outbreak.[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-146)
On 27 September 2021, husbands were allowed to accompany mothers who were in labour, if they were fully-vaccinated.[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-147) Muhyiddin Yassin, who headed the National Recovery Council, also announced that State Recovery Councils were set up in each state in Malaysia.[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-148) From 4 October 2021, immediate family members were also allowed to accompany mothers or relatives who were giving birth.[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-149)
From 1 October 2021, Genting Highlands, Melaka, and Tioman Island will have their own travel bubbles and get reopened for tourists.[\[150\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-150) States under Phases 2 and 3 were also permitted to hold state and private functions, such as opening ceremonies and workshops, on the condition that all the guests were vaccinated and the number of people present were less than 50% of the venue's capacity. People who were not vaccinated were required to do saliva tests, or self-tests before the host or medical practitioners to check if they had the virus or not. Sports spectators and supporters were allowed to attend sports games or recreational venues, but they were not allowed to eat or drink.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
On 15 October 2021, higher learning institutions were allowed to reopen.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)[\[151\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-151) On 31 October, schools in Kedah and Kelantan were allowed to reopen; and on 1 November 2021, schools in Perak, Pulau Pinang, and Sabah were allowed to reopen.[\[152\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-152)
Theme parks across the country are planned to be reopened on November, when 90% of Malaysia's adult population will be fully-vaccinated.[\[153\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-153)
Industries Unite (a coalition of 110 local trade groups) has criticised the National Recovery Plan as being unclear.[\[154\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-154)
#### Phase 1
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=14 "Edit section: Phase 1")\]
The conditions are the same as "total lockdown" launched from 1 June 2021. The phase ended on October 1 as Kedah, the last state to remain under the phase, moved to Phase 2.
- Gatherings of up to 2 people are only allowed at all times.
- No dine-in is allowed, until August 2021, and fully vaccinated persons are only allowed to dine-in up to 2 persons.
- All non-essential services were opened from 16 August 2021.[\[155\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-155)
- Office attendance in the public sector is 40%
- Accounting services may operate with 60% capacity
- Operation hours for daily and public markets had been extended from 6 am to 4 pm
- Cycling and individual physical activities can be done within 2–3 metres in one's own neighbourhood
- Ports, airports, and the logistic sector can operate 24 hours a day
- Mines and quarries may operate with up to 60% capacity[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-morerules-156)
Fully vaccinated people were allowed to attend prayers at mosques, temples, churches, and other houses of worship. Mosques in red zones were only able to take in 50 people, while mosques in orange, yellow, or green zones were able to take in 100 people.[\[157\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-157)
On 19 August 2021, Muhyiddin had announced that dine-ins were allowed again in Phase 1 states and Kuala Lumpur, but only for fully-vaccinated individuals. The revised rule took effect on 20 August. Children under the age of 17 may follow their parents, but were required to follow SOPs. The government also allowed daily and night markets, camping, picnics, and various outdoor individual sports and recreational activities such as jogging, taichi, exercise, cycling, fishing, equestrian riding, skateboarding, archery, hiking, singles tennis and badminton, and golf.[\[158\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-158)
On 21 August 2021, the 10 km travel radius limit was dropped in Phase One states for fully-vaccinated people, although interstate and interdistrict restrictions remained.[\[159\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-159)
On 9 September 2021, cinemas were permitted to be reopened for fully-vaccinated people, but only at 50% capacity. Other activities related to the creative industry were allowed, including indoor busking, theatrical and lounge performances, art galleries, museums, and showrooms. All of them except for indoor busking were subjected to a 30% capacity rule.[\[160\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-160)
On 10 September 2021, RapidKL reduced its waiting times for trains and buses to support the growing number of workers going back to their reopened workplaces. On peak hours, trains arrived at around 4 to 10 minutes, on non-peak hours, trains arrived from 7 to 12 minutes, and on weekends they arrived on 7 minutes (central business district for LRT Ampang/Sri Petaling) or 15 minutes.[\[161\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-161)[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-162)
On 1 October 2021, Kedah and Johor became the last states to leave Phase 1.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
#### Phase 2
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=15 "Edit section: Phase 2")\]
The majority of the states are currently in this phase. Under this phase:
- Gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 2 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
- More economic sectors will be reopened
- Non-essential services are opened from 16 July,[\[163\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-163) and second batch on 17 August.[\[164\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-164)
- Dine-in is allowed, and any mask-off activities are allowed (only for fully vaccinated persons)
- Some sectors may now permit up to 80% of their workers
Due to improving conditions, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak are the first states to enter into Phase 2 on 5 July.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-5states-5Jul-10)
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang moved to Phase 2.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11)
On 10 July, Sabah moved to Phase 2. It also allowed dining-in at restaurants on the same day.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sabah-10Jul-12)
On 14 July, Sarawak moved to Phase 2.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) It allowed dining-in at restaurants on 15 July.[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_allows_dining-in_from_tomor-165)
On 20 July, two more changes to Phase 2 SOPs were announced due to the increasing vaccination rate. Business premises and petrol stations were allowed to operate from 6 am to 10 pm.[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-morerules-156) Only earlier film projects about drama, advertisements, and documentaries that were postponed due to MCO were allowed to resume, and they would only film outside the studio and away from residential areas with health screenings before, during, and after the filming.[\[166\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-166)
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-astroawani.com-167)
On 26 August 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 2, due to dropping ICU hospitalisation rates (less than 40 percent) and 72.3 percent of the adult population completing two vaccine doses.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Labuan_to_move_into_Phase_Four;_Neg-168)
On 4 September 2021, Melaka moved to Phase 2.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15)
On 10 September 2021, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya moved to Phase 2, with interdistrict travel permitted for fully-vaccinated individuals.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep-16)
On 16 September 2021, [Golden Screen Cinemas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Screen_Cinemas "Golden Screen Cinemas") reopened several cinemas in the Klang Valley. It also reopened more locations on September 23.[\[169\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-169)
On 18 September 2021, gyms were opened for fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states.[\[170\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-170)
On 24 September 2021, Johor moved to Phase 2, allowing gatherings of up to 5 for fully vaccinated.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 1 October 2021, Kedah moved to Phase 2.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
On 18 October 2021, Kelantan, Perak, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, and Kedah became the last states to leave Phase 2.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21)
#### Phase 3
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=16 "Edit section: Phase 3")\]
The country will move onto Stage 3 gradually by 26 October 2021 when 60 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into less than 1,000 and ICU bed usage has been dropped to 10.
- Gatherings of up to 8 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
- All economic sectors will be allowed, except those with large crowds (such as conventions, bars, salons, spas)
- Education and sports will be allowed in stages
- All manufacturing activities will be permitted, and capacity limits will be relaxed when all the workers in a place are vaccinated.
- Dining in restaurants and cafes will be allowed.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaymail.com-131)
- Gym, swimming, jetski will be allowed from 6 am to 12 pm
This phase began early on August 4 as Sarawak, Perlis, and Labuan met the criteria.[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase3-sarawak-labuan-perlis-4Aug-18)
On 4 September 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 3, most likely due to the high number of vaccinations there.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15)
On 24 September, Pahang moved to Phase 3, allowing gatherings of up to eight for fully vaccinated.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 1 October, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Melaka, and Kedah moved to Phase 3, as the overall R-naught, daily infections, and ICU COVID-19 patient rates had dropped in those states.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
#### Phase 4
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=17 "Edit section: Phase 4")\]
The country will move onto Stage 4 gradually by 31 December 2021 when 80–90 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into single digits and ICU bed usage has been dropped to the bare minimum. Under this phase:
- No gathering limit, all economic sectors will be reopened
- Social activities will resume to some degree
- Interstate travel will be allowed according to SOPs.
Although this phase was initially expected to start in late-October,[\[171\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-171)[\[172\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-172)[\[173\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-173) Labuan was the first state to reach this stage on 26 August, as 92.4 percent of the adult residents of the island were vaccinated, new Covid cases had dropped to single digits, and ICU bed usage in local hospitals had dropped to zero.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Labuan_to_move_into_Phase_Four;_Neg-168)
In September 2021, the government decided to suspend Islamic religious teachers and school teachers who refuse to get vaccinated. Children of unvaccinated parents will not be allowed to physically attend schools when they will reopen next year.
On 24 September, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 4, with no gathering limits and all economic sectors to be reopened.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 8 October 2021, Pahang moved to Phase 4.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Pahang_MB_reminds_people_in_state-22)
On 9 October, Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that interstate travel will be allowed to resumed within the next few days once 90% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated. As of 7 October, 89.1% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated.[\[174\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-174) On 10 October, all interstate and international restrictions for residents fully vaccinated against COVID-19 were lifted since 90% of Malaysia's adult population had been fully vaccinated.[\[175\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-175)[\[176\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-176)
On 18 October 2021, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, and Melaka moved to Phase 4.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21)
On 25 October 2021, Johor, Terengganu moved to Phase 4.[\[177\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-177)
On 7 November 2021, the government stated that they might close the borders of states with an RT rate that crosses 1.0.[\[178\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-178)
On 8 November 2021, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak and Sabah moved to Phase 4.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Oriental-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysiakini.com-25)
On 3 January 2022, Sarawak and Kelantan moved to Phase 4, ending movement restrictions in Malaysia.[\[179\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-179)
## Measures by state and territories
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=18 "Edit section: Measures by state and territories")\]
### Johor
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=19 "Edit section: Johor")\]
On 2 November 2020, the Ministry of Health's Training Institute in Johor Bahru was placed under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) after 46 trainees tested positive for COVID-19. This EMCO will affect 1,559 people including students, teachers, and their families.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-EMCO_2_Nov_2020-180)
### Kedah
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=20 "Edit section: Kedah")\]
On 3 August 2020, four sub-district in [Kubang Pasu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubang_Pasu_District "Kubang Pasu District") were placed under EMCO due to increased new cases caused by [Nasi Kandar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasi_Kandar "Nasi Kandar") restaurant in Napoh town.[\[181\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-181)
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") placed an enhanced movement control order (MCO) on the district of [Kota Setar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Setar "Kota Setar") from midnight 11 September to 23 September following an increase in COVID-19 cases. Residents will not be allowed to leave the area and outsiders will not be allowed to enter.[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Kota_Setar_11_Sep_2020-182)
On 16 September 2021, Langkawi was reopened under a travel bubble for fully-vaccinated tourists from any state, including Phase One states. Children who visit the island must be accompanied by fully-vaccinated adults.[\[183\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-183)
### Kuala Lumpur
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=21 "Edit section: Kuala Lumpur")\]
On 7 June 2020, the [Mayor of Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Kuala_Lumpur "Mayor of Kuala Lumpur") [Nor Hisham Ahmad Dahlan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor_Hisham_Ahmad_Dahlan "Nor Hisham Ahmad Dahlan") announced that the [Kuala Lumpur City Hall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_City_Hall "Kuala Lumpur City Hall") will allow open markets, morning markets, night markets and bazaars to reopen in stages following the implementation of the Recovery Movement Control Order on 15 June.[\[184\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-184)
On 1 October 2021, mosques in Kuala Lumpur were allowed to have full capacity.[\[185\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-185) [Zoo Negara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo_Negara "Zoo Negara") was also reopened to the public.[\[186\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-186)
### Labuan
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=22 "Edit section: Labuan")\]
On 15 October 2020, Senior Minister for Security Ismail Sabri Yaakob placed the [federal territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") under a conditional movement control order, which would run from 17 October to 30 October. Under this lockdown, all economic activities will be allowed to operate but religious, cultural, and social sectors including schools and kindergartens will remain close.[\[187\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-187)[\[188\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-188) The conditional movement control order in Labuan was subsequently extended from 31 October until 13 November.[\[189\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-189)
### Negeri Sembilan
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=23 "Edit section: Negeri Sembilan")\]
On 30 September 2020, Negeri Sembilan's Human Resources, Plantation and Non-Islamic Affairs committee chairman J. Arul Kumar announced that the annual ten-day [Deepavali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepavali "Deepavali") carnival, which had been scheduled to be held between 4 and 13 November, had been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic following advice from the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)").[\[190\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-190)
### Pahang
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=24 "Edit section: Pahang")\]
From 21 to 31 March 2020, the state of [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang") has enacted that all business stores in [Kuantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuantan_District "Kuantan District"), [Pekan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekan_District "Pekan District"), [Bentong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentong_District "Bentong District"), [Jerantut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerantut_District "Jerantut District") and [Temerloh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temerloh_District "Temerloh District") ([Cameron Highlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron_Highlands_District "Cameron Highlands District") had already begun to implement the measure on 16 March) must only operate during the day up to 12 hours, and need to close after 7 pm to 7 am. According to the measurement, all shops that were originally allowed to operate during the period of the control order, including drive-thru restaurants, fast food restaurants, and petrol stations, are no longer allowed to operate between 7 pm and 7 am.[\[191\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-191) From 1 April, PDRM's state division tightened state borders and set up roadblocks on the state's major highways.[\[192\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-192)
### Perak
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=25 "Edit section: Perak")\]
Wholesale market operating hours in [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak") during the MCO were designated from 4 am to 10 am, however, from 6 April 2020, wet food-related businesses such as poultry and seafood were designated from 4 am to 10 am, while businesses for vegetables and fruits were designated from 11 am to 4 pm. The closure from 10 am till 11 pm was dedicated for cleaning processes.[\[193\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-193)
### Sabah
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=26 "Edit section: Sabah")\]
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be placed around [Tawau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawau "Tawau") prison from 11 September till 23 September, affecting prisoners, inmates and their families. During this period, visitations will not be allowed.[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Kota_Setar_11_Sep_2020-182)
On 28 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be enforced in [Lahad Datu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahad_Datu "Lahad Datu"), Tawau, [Kunak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunak "Kunak"), and [Semporna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semporna "Semporna") between 29 September and October 12. During that period, residents will not be allowed to leave the four districts, non-residents and visitors would be barred from entering, and all business activities except those providing essential goods and services would have to cease.[\[194\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-194)
On 5 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the state capital [Kota Kinabalu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu "Kota Kinabalu"), [Penampang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penampang "Penampang"), and [Putatan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putatan "Putatan") would be placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) commencing 7 October. Under the conditional MCO, travel into these districts will be limited, express and transit buses will not be allowed to operate, and only essential services such as food and health services will be allowed to operate.[\[195\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-195) The following day, Senior Minister Ismail announced that the federal government would ban most interstate travel to and from Sabah with the exceptions of emergencies, deaths, and essential services subject to approval from the Ministry of Health. Travel would be limited to Sabah natives, essential workers, civil servants working in Sabah, and permanent residents residing in Sabah.[\[196\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-196)
On 2 November 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the EMCOs at the Kepayan Prison and Taman Mat Salleh Prison Quarters in Kota Kinabalu would be extended by two weeks until 16 November.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-EMCO_2_Nov_2020-180)
On 7 May 2021, the Sabah state government banned any non-essential inter-district travel for the duration of a CMCO lockdown between 10 and 16 May. For the duration of the CMCO, Kota Kinabalu, Putatan and Penampang would be considered to be one district.[\[197\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-197)
On 3 July 2021, the city council of Sandakan allowed dining-in at restaurants for only two people per table, following the orders of Chief Minister Hajiji Noor.[\[198\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-198)
On 13 August 2021, Sabah's government decided that only fully-vaccinated people can enter into supermarkets and restaurants, due to the high number of cases. This is to rush the people of Sabah into being completely vaccinated within a month.[\[199\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-199)
On 1 October 2021, Sabah allowed grocery stores, convenience stores, mini markets, and hypermarkets to be opened from 6 am to 10 pm. Petrol stations and their convenience stores were allowed to be opened from 5 am to midnight. Restaurant operators including hotels, sports and recreation club houses, eateries, food stalls, food trucks, roadside hawkers, circulating hawkers, food courts, hawker centers, roadside food stalls or kiosks were able to operate from 6 am to midnight.[\[200\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-200)
### Sarawak
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=27 "Edit section: Sarawak")\]
On 27 July 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian government will limit inter-zone (Zone 1: Kuching, Samarahan and Serian division. Zone 2: Sri Aman, Betong, Sibu, Sarikei, Mukah, Kapit, Bintulu, Miri and Limbang division) movement in Sarawak between 1 and 14 August at the request of the Sarawak Government to curb the spread of COVID-19 within that state, particularly around the state capital Kuching.[\[201\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-201)
On 6 December 2020, the Sarawak Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) allowed spas, wellness and reflexology centres in the state to resume operations effective from 7 December.[\[202\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-202)
On 29 May 2021, Sarawak's government imposed a stricter lockdown for two weeks until June 11. Under the lockdown's rules, movement from 10 pm to 5 am was not allowed except in emergencies, and children under the age of 12 were not allowed to go to crowded places like shopping malls.[\[203\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-203)
After Sarawak was placed under Phase 1 of the nationwide lockdown, it was moved to Phase 2 on 14 July 2021.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) Its state government originally planned to permit dining-in in restaurants on 7 June, but due to repeated surges in Covid cases,[\[204\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-204) it banned dining-in in restaurants until 16 July, and ordered that only restaurant owners and workers who received their first vaccination were allowed to resume their work[\[205\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-205)[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_allows_dining-in_from_tomor-165)[\[206\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-206)
On 19 July 2021, the Disaster Management Committee of Sibu has ordered that all business operators and their workers must be fully-vaccinated in order to continue working, and they must show a vaccination certificate at their shops' entrance.[\[207\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-207)
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-astroawani.com-167)
On 6 October 2021, interdistrict travel was allowed without needing a permit.[\[208\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-208)
### Selangor
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=28 "Edit section: Selangor")\]
On 10 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that weddings would be limited to 250 people in the [Klang District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_District "Klang District"). An earlier announcement had limited weddings to 500 people.[\[209\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-209)
On 14 October 2020, the [Klang Valley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Valley "Klang Valley") was placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) with inter-district movement prohibited until 27 October. 96 roadblocks were set up to enforce this movement restriction with only workers with valid passes and authorisation letters being able to travel between districts. While offices, restaurants, and shopping malls remain open, they are subject to stricter health and social distancing rules. The CMCO also affects the [Federal Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of Kuala Lumpur and [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya"), which lie within the boundaries of Selangor.[\[210\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-210)[\[211\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-211)
On 20 October 2020, employees in the private and public sectors, at the management and supervisory levels, in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) were instructed to conduct [remote work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_work "Remote work") starting Thursday, 22 October.[\[212\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-212)
On 1 February 2021, the "State Investment, Industry and Commerce, and Small and Medium Entreprises" (SMEs) chairman [Teng Chang Khim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teng_Chang_Khim "Teng Chang Khim") announced that Selangor's [Chinese New Year](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_New_Year "Chinese New Year") celebration will be held online via social media due to the ongoing pandemic.[\[213\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-213)
On 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Health Ministry indicated that it may order a total shutdown in Selangor if current Movement Control Order restrictions are unable to curb a sharp spike in cases in that state.[\[214\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-214) Due to recent daily cases rising up to over 2,000, the government has enacted an Emergency Movement Control Order on July 3 for two weeks on most of the state, except for several districts in the north.[\[215\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-215)[\[216\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-216)
On 3 July 2021, the Works Ministry ordered all construction work in EMCO areas to be stopped. Only critical maintenance, repair, and wiring works are allowed if they have appointments.[\[217\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-217)
On 17 July 2021, the EMCO placed over eight districts in Selangor ended. Only four locations in Damansara, Ampang, Klang, and Batu remained under EMCO until July 31.[\[218\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-218)[\[219\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-219)
### Terengganu
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=29 "Edit section: Terengganu")\]
The Royal Malaysia Police in Terengganu planned to impose traffic control based on vehicle registration numbers, where vehicles with odd or even registration numbers are only allowed to travel during odd- or even-numbered days, respectively, starting 1 April 2020. The plan was later postponed the day before the rollout to allow a detailed study of the proposed control.[\[220\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-220)
### Kelantan
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=30 "Edit section: Kelantan")\]
CMCO in the whole of Kelantan is launched on 21 November until 6 December 2020. It is then extended for Kota Bharu, Machang, Pasir Mas and Tanah Merah from 7 December until 20 December 2020. Kubang Kerian in Kota Bharu & Kusial in Tanah Merah will continue the CMCO from 12 December until 20 December 2020, while other districts' CMCO is lifted and change back to RMCO.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
MCO2.0 in Kelantan started from 16 January until 18 February 2021. Then, it is changed from MCO2.0 back to CMCO from 19 February to 15 April 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
But, due to the sudden rapid surge in new cases in Kelantan areas, the government had announced that 7 districts in Kelantan involving Tumpat, Kota Bharu, Pasir Mas, Machang, Bachok, Pasir Puteh and Tanah Merah will enter MCO3.0 from 16 April until 29 April 2021. After that, the remaining district in Kelantan, which are Jeli, Kuala Krai, and Gua Musang will start implementing MCO3.0 together with the remaining districts from 22 April to 29 April 2021. As what government announced on 27 April in his press conference, MCO3.0 in whole Kelantan is extended again from 30 April to 17 May 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
During this period, primary and secondary schools in all 7 districts stated will be changed to online classes temporarily from 24 April until 12 June 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
## Effects
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=31 "Edit section: Effects")\]
Further information: [Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia")
### Arrests and crime
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=32 "Edit section: Arrests and crime")\]
Despite the past condemnation, the Malaysian authorities have arrested hundreds of people for violating the [Movement Control Order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order") since mid-April. Violators are fined, jailed or sent to perform community service as part of their punishment. The sentence jail term ranges from 2 days to several months. Violators unable to pay their fines will have to serve prison sentences.[\[221\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-221)
According to a [Human Rights Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch "Human Rights Watch") report, 15,000 people had been arrested by 18 March for breaching the movement control order. On 2 April 2020, [Minister of Defence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") reported that 4,189 individuals had been arrested over the past two weeks for flouting the movement control order. Of these, 1,449 individuals have been charged in court.[\[222\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-222) On 3 May, Nurul Hidayah Ahmad Zahid, the daughter of President of [UMNO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMNO "UMNO"), [Ahmad Zahid Hamidi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi "Ahmad Zahid Hamidi") her husband, Saiful Nizam Mohd Yusoff were caught for flouting the MCO.[\[223\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-223)
After the director-general of the [Malaysian Prison Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Prison_Department "Malaysian Prison Department") raised concerns about prison overcrowding, the Malaysian Government shifted to fine violators. On 15 April, the Defence Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the police would be criminally prosecuting violators and detained them in thirteen police academies that had been converted into makeshift detention centres.[\[224\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-HRW_26_April-224) Human rights organisations condemned the move as it further promotes the spread of [coronavirus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_disease_2019 "Coronavirus disease 2019") due to overcrowding in prisons. In late April, [Human Rights Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch "Human Rights Watch")'s Asia Director Phil Robertson called on the Malaysian government to stop jailing people who had flouted the movement control order, but recommended the use of the newly built facilities to keep lockdown violators.[\[224\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-HRW_26_April-224)
The MCO has led to a decrease in the national crime rate by around 70%.[\[225\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-225) Data from the [Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Women,_Family_and_Community_Development "Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development") suggested a slight increase of [domestic violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_violence "Domestic violence") nationwide during the MCO, however in control.[\[226\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-226)
On 20 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 48 individuals had been arrested by the [Royal Malaysian Police](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Police "Royal Malaysian Police")'s Compliance Operations Task Force for violating the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO). Ten of these were arrested for engaging in [reflexology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexology "Reflexology") and massaging activities while 38 were charged with violating social distancing rules. 3,774 compliance teams are consisting of 16,675 personnel.[\[227\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-227)
On 4 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 77 people had been arrested as of 3 July for violating the RMCO including initiating contact sports activities (15), pub and night club activities (12) and violating standard operating procedures (SOPs). 495 constructions sites were reported to have violated standard operating procedures while 2,738 have complied with SOPs.[\[228\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-228)
### Economy
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=33 "Edit section: Economy")\]
Further information: [Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia")
With the country known as the world's top [rubber glove](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_glove "Rubber glove") maker, concerns have risen especially from the [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union "European Union") (EU) over the impacts of the movement control to Malaysia's glove exports especially with the increasing glove shortages among [European healthcare sectors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Europe "Healthcare in Europe").[\[229\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-global_glove_shortages-229) This subsequently led the EU to send a letter on 25 March to the Malaysian counterpart for the relaxation of the movement control order on the glove sectors. Through a positive replied made by the [Malaysian Ministry of International Trade and Industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_International_Trade_and_Industry_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Malaysia)") to allowing continuous operations, a letter was subsequently distributed by the Malaysia Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association on 27 March to glove manufacturers in the country to allowing their factories to remain open from 1 April.[\[229\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-global_glove_shortages-229) The [U.S. Customs and Border Protection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection "U.S. Customs and Border Protection") (CBP) also had removed a ban on glove exports to the [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States") by a Malaysian glove company previously accused of using [forced labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_labour "Forced labour") as part of the American government efforts to boost supplies of their [healthcare sectors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States "Healthcare in the United States") due to the increasing shortages of medical equipment caused by the pandemic.[\[230\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-230)
### Education
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=34 "Edit section: Education")\]
The Prime Minister had instructed the [Ministry of Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of Education (Malaysia)") to implement home-based learning initiatives throughout the duration of MCO as schools nationwide were closed during the period.[\[231\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-231) Assessments and examinations for various national higher education programmes were cancelled as some institutes were converted into temporary surveillance and quarantine centres, and students' performance evaluations were replaced by continuous assessment scores.[\[232\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-232) Also, the national examination, [SPM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sijil_Pelajaran_Malaysia "Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia") was delayed to January 2021 from the originally scheduled November 2020.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
On 10 June, [Education Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Education_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Education (Malaysia)") [Mohd Radzi Md Jidin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Radzi_Md_Jidin "Mohd Radzi Md Jidin") confirmed that schools throughout Malaysia would begin reopening in stages from 24 June, with priority being given to students taking secondary and equivalent international leaving exams.[\[233\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-233)[\[234\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CNA_schools-234) As part of social distancing measures, students will have their temperatures tested, will have to sit at least one-metre apart, and schools will serve pre-packaged food.[\[234\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CNA_schools-234)
On 23 June, the Ministry of Education announced changes to school term holidays in order to help schools better plan lessons that had been disrupted by the pandemic and Movement Control Order. The mid-term holidays would be reduced from nine days to five days. In addition, the end of the year holidays in schools in Group A states ([Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan"), and [Terengganu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu "Terengganu")) would be reduced from 42 days to 14 days. The end of the year holidays in Group B states ([Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), [Negri Sembilan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negri_Sembilan "Negri Sembilan"), [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang"), [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak"), [Perlis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlis "Perlis"), [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah"), [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur"), [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") and [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya")) would be reduced from 41 days to 13 days. The Education Ministry confirmed that the school year for 2020 will now total 168 days.[\[235\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-235) In response, former Education Minister [Maszlee Malik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maszlee_Malik "Maszlee Malik") criticised the Ministry for not consulting with teachers and teachers' unions including the [National Union of the Teaching Profession](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Union_of_the_Teaching_Profession&action=edit&redlink=1 "National Union of the Teaching Profession (page does not exist)") and [West Malaysia Malay Teachers Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Malaysia_Malay_Teachers_Union&action=edit&redlink=1 "West Malaysia Malay Teachers Union (page does not exist)") prior to amending the school term.[\[236\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-236)
### Essential supplies
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=35 "Edit section: Essential supplies")\]
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49687038551\).jpg)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49686505698\).jpg)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49687039581\).jpg)
The usually crowded [Lim Chong Eu Expressway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tun_Dr_Lim_Chong_Eu_Expressway "Tun Dr Lim Chong Eu Expressway") and its surroundings ([Queensbay Mall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensbay_Mall "Queensbay Mall")) in [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang") deserted throughout the movement control order as seen on 22 March 2020.
Before Malaysia announced the movement control order, [supermarkets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermarket "Supermarket") across the country began to see a surge in [panic buying](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_buying "Panic buying"), and the supply of [surgical masks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_mask "Surgical mask") everywhere was out, causing prices to skyrocket. In response, the Prime Minister of Malaysia assured people in a televised speech on 16 March that the supply of food, daily essentials and healthcare (including surgical masks), were sufficient nationwide, adding that the [Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Domestic_Trade_and_Consumer_Affairs_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs (Malaysia)") would be monitoring the [food supply](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_supply "Food supply") and the daily demand of markets during the control order.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-27)
### Travel and transportation
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=36 "Edit section: Travel and transportation")\]
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pavilion_Kuala_Lumpur_during_Corona_virus_lockdown_2.jpg)
Square in front of the [Pavilion Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavilion_Kuala_Lumpur "Pavilion Kuala Lumpur") shopping mall on 20 March 2020 during the movement control order.
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Empty_Singapore-Malaysia_Causeway_2.jpg)
Empty view of [Johor–Singapore Causeway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor%E2%80%93Singapore_Causeway "Johor–Singapore Causeway")
Scores of Malaysians working in [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore "Singapore") and foreigners rushed back to the immigration checkpoints in the hope to return to Singapore before the order became effective. Singapore-based public transport operators had arranged temporary accommodation at several hotels to accommodate the affected Malaysian Bus Captains.[\[237\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-237)[\[238\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-238) Scheduled bus services travelling between Singapore and [Johor Bahru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor_Bahru "Johor Bahru") were suspended as well.[\[239\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-239) The announcement of the movement control order reportedly caused some anxiety among Singaporean residents over their food supplies, of which a significant portion came from Malaysia. [Panic buying](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_buying "Panic buying") briefly returning in Singapore as Singaporeans rushed to supermarkets to stock basic necessities,[\[240\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-240) and Singapore's ministers and Prime Minister had to assure them that there would be enough supplies for the country, and that the flow of goods between the two countries would continue.[\[241\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-241)[\[242\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-242)[\[243\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-243)
Moments after the order was announced in Malaysia, With the announcement of the movement control, various diplomatic missions such as the [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States") and [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France "France") have ceased issuing [visas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_visa "Travel visa"), while [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") prohibited Malaysian citizens from travelling to its country.[\[244\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-244) Thai residents headed out of Malaysia in large numbers while the [large community of Indonesians](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesians_in_Malaysia "Indonesians in Malaysia") in Malaysia also prepared for the situation as reported by their embassy.[\[245\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-245)[\[246\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-246)[\[247\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-247) Other diplomatic missions were closely monitoring the situation of the restrictive movement order and awaited further instructions both from their government and the Malaysian government.[\[248\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-248)
As the number of passengers decreased significantly during the movement control order and to reduce the risk of infection of passengers and employees, Malaysia's main bus operator, [Rapid Bus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Bus "Rapid Bus") readjusted the frequency of all its buses starting from 20 March where it also encouraged the people to plan their trips. [Rapid Ferry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Ferry "Rapid Ferry") also made adjustments by reducing to two ferries each day to operate starting from 20 March. Each shift was changed from the original 20 minutes to 30 minutes. After 10 pm, the frequency of the ferry service will be changed to 1 hour. As for the last ferry ride time, it will depend on the arrival time of the last bus in Penang Sentral.[\[249\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-249)
On 4 April 2020, all [Express Rail Link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Express_Rail_Link "Express Rail Link") rail services were to be suspended until the end of the control period due to significant reductions in passenger flow.[\[250\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-250)
On 16 April 2020, [Defence Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") clarified that any form of mass movements and interstate travel would be prohibited during [Ramadan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan "Ramadan") as long as the Movement Control Order remains in force until 28 April. Many Muslim Malaysians visit their families and hometowns during the Ramadan period.[\[251\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-251)
### Social gatherings
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=37 "Edit section: Social gatherings")\]
On 5 November 2020, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") has announced that Malaysians living in areas under both Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) and Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) restrictions would not be allowed to cross borders during the upcoming [Deepavali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwali "Diwali") holiday on 14 November. It is customary for people to travel home and visit families during the Deepavali holiday.[\[252\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-252)
On 18 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that Christmas gatherings on 25 December will be limited to 20 people at landed properties and 10 people at apartments and condominiums within areas under recovery and conditional movement control orders. Within areas under enhanced MCO, only household Christmas gatherings will be allowed. In addition, church masses will be allowed between 5 pm and 9:30 pm on 24 December for a maximum of two sessions.[\[253\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-253)
On 29 April 2021, the Higher Education Ministry permitted students from higher learning institutions to return to their families to celebrate Hari Raya Aidilfitri from May 7 to 12. They will return to campus from May 15 to 20. They were only allowed to use their own vehicles, be picked up by their parents or guardians, travel by air, or board buses provided by their institutions.[\[254\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-254)
### Politics
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=38 "Edit section: Politics")\]
Further information: [Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia")
President of [United Malays National Organisation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation "United Malays National Organisation") (UMNO) [Ahmad Zahid Hamidi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi "Ahmad Zahid Hamidi") announced that the party would withdraw its support for Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and his government over the government's handling of the pandemic, including the indefinite extension of the MCO, in July 2021.[\[255\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-255)
## National Security Council's Power
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=39 "Edit section: National Security Council's Power")\]
Yusramizza Md Isa, Senior Law Lecturer at [Universiti Utara Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiti_Utara_Malaysia "Universiti Utara Malaysia"), noted that the government's actions in issuing the MCO are under the auspices of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988. Under Section 5 of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988, the Health Ministry is the main authority in charge.[\[256\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Md_Isa-256)
However, on 6 April 2020, [Minister of Defence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") reported that only the National Security Council (NSC) can issue directives during the MCO.[\[257\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-257)
Yusramizza further noted that unless "disaster emergency" or "a security area" is declared by the Prime Minister based on Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016 and Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20, the military is not empowered to arrest, seize and search.[\[256\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Md_Isa-256)
Kuala Lumpur lawyers Haeme Hashim and CK Lew from Messrs. Haeme Lew suggested that the government ought to declare a "disaster emergency" according to Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20 and for the entirety of Malaysia to be declared as a "security area" under Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016, failing which the NSC and military do not have full power in administering this Movement Control Order. Only the police have full power and the military only works to assist the police in strengthening control over the order.[\[258\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-258)
Civil society organisation Malaysians Against Death Penalty and Torture (Madpet) has stated that a special task force may be formed to assist health ministry, but not the NSC. A spokesperson for Madpet Charles Hector noted that the Malaysian government may have quietly and wrongly resorted to using the draconian National Security Council Act 2016 in the combat to curb and defeat the coronavirus threat as the NSC, under the NSC Act, seemed to be making decisions and issuing orders on coronavirus-related issues. Hector notes that the Ministry of Health's authority may be ousted by the NSC, and that the NSC may be wrongly taking overpower and control from the Ministry of Health, which is really the responsible Ministry under the Prevention And Control Of Infectious Diseases Act 1988.[\[259\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-259)
## See also
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=40 "Edit section: See also")\]
- [2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures "2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures")
- [COVID-19 lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns")
- [COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines")
- [COVID-19 lockdown in China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China "COVID-19 lockdown in China")
- [COVID-19 lockdown in India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India "COVID-19 lockdown in India")
- [COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy "COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy")
- [COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia")
- [Indonesia large-scale social restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions "Indonesia large-scale social restrictions")
## References
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=41 "Edit section: References")\]
1. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-1)**
Suhaimi, Fauzi (4 May 2020). ["MCO: 401 individuals arrested for violation"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200607081345/http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/mco-401-individuals-arrested-violation-241424). *Astro Awani*. Archived from [the original](http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/mco-401-individuals-arrested-violation-241424) on 7 June 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
2. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-2)**
Bunyan, John (16 March 2020). ["PM: Malaysia under movement control order from Wed until April 14, all shops closed except for essential services"](https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/03/16/pm-malaysia-in-lockdown-from-wed-until-march-31-all-shops-closed-except-for/1847204). *The Malay Mail*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200316160541/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/03/16/pm-malaysia-in-lockdown-from-wed-until-march-31-all-shops-closed-except-for/1847204) from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
3. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-3)**
•
Sukumaran, Tashny (16 March 2020). ["Coronavirus: Malaysia in partial lockdown from March 18 to limit outbreak"](https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3075456/coronavirus-malaysias-prime-minister-muhyiddin-yassin). *South China Morning Post*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200316155922/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3075456/coronavirus-malaysias-prime-minister-muhyiddin-yassin) from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
•
Muhammad Daryono, Adhi; Wahyu Nugroho, Kelik (16 March 2020). ["BREAKING NEWS: Malaysia Lockdown Mulai 18 Maret"](https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/breaking-news-malaysia-lockdown-mulai-18-maret-1t2QRx3R6UV) \[BREAKING NEWS: Malaysia Lockdown Starting 18 March\]. *Kumparan* (in Indonesian). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200318003851/https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/breaking-news-malaysia-lockdown-mulai-18-maret-1t2QRx3R6UV) from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
•
["Malaysia closes borders, shuts most businesses in lockdown"](https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/malaysia-bans-mass-gatherings-shuts-businesses-69620354). Associated Press. 16 March 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200318010119/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/malaysia-bans-mass-gatherings-shuts-businesses-69620354) from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020 – via ABC News.
•
Artida, Rodney (17 March 2020). ["Malaysia imposes two-week nationwide lockdown"](https://filipinotimes.net/news/2020/03/17/malaysia-imposes-two-week-nationwide-lockdown/). *The Filipino Times*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200318014412/https://filipinotimes.net/news/2020/03/17/malaysia-imposes-two-week-nationwide-lockdown/) from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
•
["Malaysia PM announces nationwide lockdown, border closure"](https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/03/5810e1345a44-refiling-update1-malaysia-pm-announces-nationwide-lockdown-border-closure.html). *Kyodo News*. 17 March 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200318100202/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/03/5810e1345a44-refiling-update1-malaysia-pm-announces-nationwide-lockdown-border-closure.html) from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
4. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-4)**
["PM: Malaysia to stay in Phase One of recovery plan, more assistance will be announced by Tuesday"](https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/pm-total-lockdown-won-t-041602445.html). *malaysia.news.yahoo.com*. 27 June 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
5. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-5)**
["Malaysia lifts travel restrictions for fully vaccinated people"](https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/malaysia-lifts-travel-restrictions-fully-vaccinated-people-2021-10-10/). *Reuters*. 10 October 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
6. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-ppn-2021_6-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-ppn-2021_6-1)
["Phase One of National Recovery Plan to be extended, says PM Muhyiddin"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210627081118/https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/mco-will-not-end-monday-june-28-first-phase-continues-until-threshold-value-less-4000-cases). *The Edge Markets*. 27 June 2021. Archived from [the original](https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/mco-will-not-end-monday-june-28-first-phase-continues-until-threshold-value-less-4000-cases) on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
7. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-may-28_7-0)**
Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin (28 May 2021). ["Kenyataan Media Pejabat Perdana Menteri"](https://www.facebook.com/ts.muhyiddin/posts/4073822799362915?__tn__=-R) (in Malay). Facebook. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
8. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-4) [***f***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-5) [***g***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-6) [***h***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-7)
Babulal, Veena (29 September 2021). ["Klang Valley and Melaka move to Phase 3 of NRP from Oct 1"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/732045/klang-valley-and-melaka-move-phase-3-nrp-oct-1). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
9. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-9)**
Won, Chen Lee (5 October 2021). ["COVID-19 Response: FAQs (MCO 2021)"](https://www.rahmatlim.com/perspectives/articles/17541/mykh-covid-19-response-faqs-mco-2021#:~:text=On%2028%20May%202021%2C%20it,extended%20indefinitely%20until%20further%20notice). *rahmatlim.com*.
10. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-5states-5Jul_10-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-5states-5Jul_10-1)
Povera, Adib; Naz Harun, Hana (3 July 2021). ["Five states to enter Phase Two of the NRP on Monday"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/07/704799/five-states-enter-phase-two-nrp-monday). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
11. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-2)
Dermawan, Audrey (7 July 2021). ["Brisk businesses for non-essential shops as Penang enters Phase 2 of NRP"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/07/705989/brisk-businesses-non-essential-shops-penang-enters-phase-2-nrp). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
12. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sabah-10Jul_12-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sabah-10Jul_12-1)
["We'll not budge from dine-in decision, says Sabah CM"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210710033831/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/10/well-not-budge-from-dine-in-decision-says-sabah-cm/). *Free Malaysia Today*. Archived from [the original](https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/10/well-not-budge-from-dine-in-decision-says-sabah-cm/) on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
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["NRP: Labuan moves to Phase 4, Negri to Phase 2 from Aug 26, says PM"](https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/08/24/labuan-moves-to-phase-4-negri-to-phase-2-from-aug-26-says-pm). *The Star*. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
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232. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-232)**
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249. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-249)**
["槟威渡轮暂调整服务班次·20日至31日每天仅2艘川行"](https://www.sinchew.com.my/content/content_2236982.html) \[Penang Ferry temporarily adjusts service schedules · Only 2 river cruises per day from 20th to 31st\]. *Sinchew+* (in Chinese). 19 March 2020. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
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## Further reading
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=42 "Edit section: Further reading")\]
- ["Soalan Lazim Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan 18–31 Mac 2020"](https://www.pmo.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/FAQ-Perintah-Sekatan-Pergerakan-Bilangan-1_Kemaskini.docx.pdf) \[Frequently Asked Questions of Movement Control Order 18–31 March 2020\] (PDF). *National Security Council* (in Malay). 17 March 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200318003027/https://www.pmo.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/FAQ-Perintah-Sekatan-Pergerakan-Bilangan-1_Kemaskini.docx.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020 – via Prime Minister's Office of Malaysia.
## External links
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=43 "Edit section: External links")\]
- [The Prime Minister's Special Message on Covid-19 (16 March 2020)](https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210811085344/https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020/) 11 August 2021 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (in English)
- [Perutusan Khas YAB Perdana Menteri Mengenai Covid-19 (16 Mac 2020)](https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020-2/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200321140010/https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020-2/) 21 March 2020 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (in Malay)
| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Disasters_in_Malaysia "Template:Disasters in Malaysia") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Disasters_in_Malaysia "Template talk:Disasters in Malaysia") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Disasters_in_Malaysia "Special:EditPage/Template:Disasters in Malaysia")[Disasters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster "Disaster") in [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") | |
|---|---|
| [Health disasters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Health_disasters_in_Malaysia "Category:Health disasters in Malaysia") | |
| | |
| [Air pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution_in_Malaysia "Air pollution in Malaysia") | |
| | |
| [Haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haze "Haze") | [1997 Indonesian forest fires](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Indonesian_forest_fires "1997 Indonesian forest fires") [1997 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Southeast_Asian_haze "1997 Southeast Asian haze") [2005 Malaysian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Malaysian_haze "2005 Malaysian haze") [2006 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Southeast_Asian_haze "2006 Southeast Asian haze") [2009 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Southeast_Asian_haze "2009 Southeast Asian haze") [2010 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Southeast_Asian_haze "2010 Southeast Asian haze") [2013 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Southeast_Asian_haze "2013 Southeast Asian haze") [2015 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Southeast_Asian_haze "2015 Southeast Asian haze") [2016 Malaysian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Malaysian_haze "2016 Malaysian haze") [2017 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Southeast_Asian_haze "2017 Southeast Asian haze") [2019 Southeast Asian haze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_haze "2019 Southeast Asian haze") |
| [Radioactive contamination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_contamination "Radioactive contamination") | [1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Bukit_Merah_radioactive_pollution "1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution") |
| [Contagious](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contagious_disease "Contagious disease")/[Viral diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease "Viral disease") | [1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Sarawak_HFMD_outbreak "1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak") [1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%E2%80%931999_Malaysia_Nipah_virus_outbreak "1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak") [Global spread of H5N1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_spread_of_H5N1 "Global spread of H5N1") [2009 flu pandemic in Malaysia (H1N1)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic_in_Malaysia "2009 flu pandemic in Malaysia") [2015–16 Zika virus epidemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_Zika_virus_epidemic "2015–16 Zika virus epidemic") [Sarawak rabies outbreak (2017–present)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak_rabies_outbreak "Sarawak rabies outbreak") [2018 Malaysia HFMD outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Malaysia_HFMD_outbreak "2018 Malaysia HFMD outbreak") [2019 Kuala Koh measles outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Kuala_Koh_measles_outbreak "2019 Kuala Koh measles outbreak") [COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020–2023)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") |
| [Soil pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_contamination "Soil contamination") | [2015–16 Kuantan bauxite disaster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_Kuantan_bauxite_disaster "2015–16 Kuantan bauxite disaster") |
| Water issues | |
| | |
| [Pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution "Water pollution") | [2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Kim_Kim_River_toxic_pollution "2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution") |
| [Scarcity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_scarcity "Water scarcity") | [1998 Klang Valley water crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Klang_Valley_water_crisis "1998 Klang Valley water crisis") [2014 Negeri Sembilan and Selangor water crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Negeri_Sembilan_and_Selangor_water_crisis "2014 Negeri Sembilan and Selangor water crisis") |
| [Natural disasters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Natural_disasters_in_Malaysia "Category:Natural disasters in Malaysia") | |
| | |
| [Earthquakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Malaysia "List of earthquakes in Malaysia") | [1976 Sabah earthquake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Sabah_earthquake "1976 Sabah earthquake") [2015 Sabah earthquake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Sabah_earthquake "2015 Sabah earthquake") |
| [Floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Floods_in_Malaysia "Category:Floods in Malaysia") | [1971 Kuala Lumpur floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Kuala_Lumpur_floods "1971 Kuala Lumpur floods") [2006–07 Southeast Asian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307_Southeast_Asian_floods "2006–07 Southeast Asian floods") [2010 floods in Thailand and north Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_floods_in_Thailand_and_north_Malaysia "2010 floods in Thailand and north Malaysia") [2013 Cameron Highlands mud floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Cameron_Highlands_mud_floods "2013 Cameron Highlands mud floods") [2014 Cameron Highlands mud floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Cameron_Highlands_mud_floods "2014 Cameron Highlands mud floods") [Early 2014 Sabah floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_2014_Sabah_floods "Early 2014 Sabah floods") [2014–15 floods in Southeast Asia and South Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_floods_in_Southeast_Asia_and_South_Asia "2014–15 floods in Southeast Asia and South Asia") [2014–15 Malaysia floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Malaysia_floods "2014–15 Malaysia floods") [2015 East Malaysian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_East_Malaysian_floods "2015 East Malaysian floods") [2017 North Malaysian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_North_Malaysian_floods "2017 North Malaysian floods") [2020–21 Malaysian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Malaysian_floods "2020–21 Malaysian floods") [2021–2022 Malaysian floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_floods "2021–2022 Malaysian floods") [2022 Malaysian east coast floods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Malaysian_east_coast_floods "2022 Malaysian east coast floods") [2024–2025 floods in Southeast Asia and South Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024%E2%80%932025_floods_in_Southeast_Asia_and_South_Asia "2024–2025 floods in Southeast Asia and South Asia") |
| [Heat waves](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_waves "Heat waves") | [2023 Asia heat wave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Asia_heat_wave#Malaysia "2023 Asia heat wave") [2024 Southeast Asia heat wave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Southeast_Asia_heat_wave#Malaysia "2024 Southeast Asia heat wave") |
| [Landslides](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Landslides_in_Malaysia "Category:Landslides in Malaysia") | [1993 Pantai Remis landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantai_Remis_landslide "Pantai Remis landslide") [Highland Towers collapse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highland_Towers_collapse "Highland Towers collapse") [1996 Pos Dipang mudflow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Pos_Dipang_mudflow "1996 Pos Dipang mudflow") [2002 Taman Hillview landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Taman_Hillview_landslide "2002 Taman Hillview landslide") [2006 Kampung Pasir landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Kampung_Pasir_landslide "2006 Kampung Pasir landslide") [2008 Bukit Antarabangsa landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Bukit_Antarabangsa_landslide "2008 Bukit Antarabangsa landslide") [2011 Hulu Langat landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Hulu_Langat_landslide "2011 Hulu Langat landslide") [2022 Batang Kali landslide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Batang_Kali_landslide "2022 Batang Kali landslide") |
| [Sinkholes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinkhole "Sinkhole") | [2024 Kuala Lumpur sinkhole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Kuala_Lumpur_sinkhole "2024 Kuala Lumpur sinkhole") |
| Tornadoes | [Peninsula Malaysia tornado outbreak of 2014](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_Malaysia_tornado_outbreak_of_2014 "Peninsula Malaysia tornado outbreak of 2014") |
| [Tropical storms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Tropical_cyclones_in_Malaysia "Category:Tropical cyclones in Malaysia") | [Tropical Depression Gloria (1965)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_Gloria "1965 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Sally (1967)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Sally_\(Bebeng\) "1967 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Ruth (1970)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Storm_Ruth "1970 Pacific typhoon season") [Severe Tropical Storm Judy (1971)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Pacific_typhoon_season#Severe_Tropical_Storm_Judy "1971 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Sally (1972)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Sally "1972 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Percy (1983)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Percy_\(Yayang\) "1983 Pacific typhoon season") [Severe Tropical Storm Irving (1985)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Pacific_typhoon_season#Severe_Tropical_Storm_Irving "1985 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Gay (1989)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Gay "1989 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Forrest (1992)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Forrest "Cyclone Forrest") [Tropical Depression BOB 03 (1993)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_BOB_03 "1993 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 34W (1995)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_34W "1995 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression Greg (1996)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_Greg "1996 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Linda (1997)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Linda_\(1997\) "Tropical Storm Linda (1997)") [Tropical Storm Gil (1998)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Storm_Gil "1998 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression Hilda (1999)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_Hilda_\(Auring\) "1999 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 31W (1999)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_31W "1999 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 32W (1999)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_32W "1999 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 29W (2001)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_29W_\(Pabling\) "2001 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Vamei (2001)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Vamei "Tropical Storm Vamei") [Typhoon Muifa (2004)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Muifa_\(2004\) "Typhoon Muifa (2004)") [Tropical Depression 25W (2005)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_25W_\(Quedan\) "2005 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Utor (2006)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Utor_\(2006\) "Typhoon Utor (2006)") [Typhoon Hagibis (2007)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Hagibis_\(Lando\) "2007 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 01W (2008)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_01W "2008 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 01W (2010)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_01W "2010 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 19W (2010)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_19W "2010 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 25W (2011)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_25W "2011 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 26W (2011)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_26W "2011 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 25W (2012)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_25W "2012 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Sonamu (2013)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Sonamu_\(2013\) "Tropical Storm Sonamu (2013)") [Tropical Storm Shanshan (2013)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Shanshan_\(2013\) "Tropical Storm Shanshan (2013)") [Tropical Storm Jangmi (2014)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Jangmi_\(2014\) "Tropical Storm Jangmi (2014)") [Tropical Depression (2016)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression "2016 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Depression 29W (2017)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_29W "2017 Pacific typhoon season") [Typhoon Tembin (2017)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Tembin "Typhoon Tembin") [Tropical Storm Kai-tak (2017)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Kai-tak "Tropical Storm Kai-tak") [Tropical Storm Toraji (2018)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Storm_Toraji "2018 Pacific typhoon season") [Tropical Storm Pabuk (2019)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Pabuk_\(2019\) "Tropical Storm Pabuk (2019)") [Typhoon Lekima (2019)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Lekima "Typhoon Lekima") [Typhoon Saudel (2020)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Saudel "Typhoon Saudel") [Typhoon Molave (2020)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Molave "Typhoon Molave") [Tropical Depression 29W (2021)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Pacific_typhoon_season#Tropical_Depression_29W "2021 Pacific typhoon season") |
| [Tsunamis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Tsunamis_in_Malaysia "Category:Tsunamis in Malaysia") | [Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_of_the_2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_on_Malaysia "Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia") |
| [Environmental issues in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Malaysia "Environmental issues in Malaysia") [Health in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Malaysia "Health in Malaysia") | |
| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Template:COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia")[COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") | |
|---|---|
| Timeline | [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2023)") [2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2024\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2024)") [Statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") |
| Locations | [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Johor "COVID-19 pandemic in Johor") [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuala_Lumpur "COVID-19 pandemic in Kuala Lumpur") [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sabah "COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah") [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak "COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak") [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Selangor "COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor") |
| People | |
| | |
| Government | [Muhyiddin Yassin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin "Muhyiddin Yassin") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") [Mohamed Azmin Ali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Azmin_Ali "Mohamed Azmin Ali") [Fadillah Yusof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fadillah_Yusof "Fadillah Yusof") [Mohd Radzi Md Jidin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Radzi_Md_Jidin "Mohd Radzi Md Jidin") [Hishammuddin Hussein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hishammuddin_Hussein "Hishammuddin Hussein") [Khairy Jamaluddin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khairy_Jamaluddin "Khairy Jamaluddin") [Adham Baba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adham_Baba "Adham Baba") [Hamzah Zainudin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamzah_Zainudin "Hamzah Zainudin") [Wee Ka Siong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wee_Ka_Siong "Wee Ka Siong") [Abang Abdul Rahman Johari Abang Openg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abang_Abdul_Rahman_Johari_Abang_Openg "Abang Abdul Rahman Johari Abang Openg") [Hajiji Noor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajiji_Noor "Hajiji Noor") [Douglas Uggah Embas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Uggah_Embas "Douglas Uggah Embas") [Sim Kui Hian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim_Kui_Hian "Sim Kui Hian") |
| Experts | [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah "Noor Hisham Abdullah") [Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awang_Bulgiba_Awang_Mahmud "Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud") |
| Government response | [Aid and relief efforts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aid_and_relief_efforts_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Aid and relief efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [COVID-19 vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia") [Ministry of Health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of Health (Malaysia)") [Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Agro_Exposition_Park_Serdang "Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang") [Malaysian movement control order]() [MySejahtera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySejahtera "MySejahtera") [State of emergency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Malaysian_state_of_emergency "2021 Malaysian state of emergency") |
| Society and economy | [Economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [Politics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia") [2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_political_crisis "2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis") [Social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [Lawan protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawan_protests "Lawan protests") [Hartal Doktor Kontrak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartal_Doktor_Kontrak "Hartal Doktor Kontrak") |
| Disease clusters | [2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Malaysia "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia") [2020 Sabah state election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Sabah_state_election#COVID-19_pandemic "2020 Sabah state election") [Top Glove](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_Glove#COVID-19_pandemic "Top Glove") |
| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic "Template:COVID-19 pandemic") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic "Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19_pandemic "Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19 pandemic")[COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic") | |
|---|---|
| **[COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19")** (disease) **[SARS-CoV-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2 "SARS-CoV-2")** (virus) | |
| [Timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| | |
| [Pre-pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic_predictions_and_preparations_prior_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Pandemic predictions and preparations prior to the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Severe acute respiratory syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS "SARS") (SARS) [Middle East respiratory syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MERS "MERS") (MERS) [Crimson Contagion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimson_Contagion "Crimson Contagion") [Disease X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_X "Disease X") [Exercise Cygnus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_Cygnus "Exercise Cygnus") [2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019") |
| 2020 | [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020") |
| 2021 | [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021") |
| 2022 | [January](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022") [February](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022") [March](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022") [April](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022") [May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022") [June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022") [July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022") [August](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022") [September](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022") [October](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022 "Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022") [November](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2022") [December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2022 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2022") |
| 2023 | [Timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2023 "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2023") |
| [Locations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_by_country_and_territory "COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory") | |
| | |
| [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa "COVID-19 pandemic in Africa")([national responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa "National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa")) | |
| | |
| Northern | [Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Algeria "COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria") [Canary Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands") [Ceuta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta "COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt "COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt") [Libya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Libya "COVID-19 pandemic in Libya") [Mauritania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritania "COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritania") [Melilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla") [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Morocco "COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco") [Sudan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sudan "COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan") [Tunisia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tunisia "COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia") [Western Sahara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Sahara "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Sahara") [Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic") |
| Eastern | [Burundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burundi "COVID-19 pandemic in Burundi") [Comoros](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Comoros "COVID-19 pandemic in the Comoros") [Djibouti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Djibouti "COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti") [Eritrea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eritrea "COVID-19 pandemic in Eritrea") [Ethiopia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ethiopia "COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia") [Kenya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kenya "COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya") [Madagascar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madagascar "COVID-19 pandemic in Madagascar") [Mauritius](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritius "COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritius") [Mayotte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte "COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte") [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union "COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion") [Rwanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rwanda "COVID-19 pandemic in Rwanda") [Seychelles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Seychelles "COVID-19 pandemic in Seychelles") [Somalia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somalia "COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia") [Puntland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puntland "COVID-19 pandemic in Puntland") [Somaliland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somaliland "COVID-19 pandemic in Somaliland") [South Sudan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Sudan "COVID-19 pandemic in South Sudan") [Tanzania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tanzania "COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania") [Uganda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uganda "COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda") |
| Southern | [Angola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Angola "COVID-19 pandemic in Angola") [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Botswana "COVID-19 pandemic in Botswana") [Eswatini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eswatini "COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini") [Lesotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lesotho "COVID-19 pandemic in Lesotho") [Malawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malawi "COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi") [Mozambique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mozambique "COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique") [Namibia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Namibia "COVID-19 pandemic in Namibia") [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa") [list of deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_deaths_in_South_Africa "List of COVID-19 deaths in South Africa") [Zambia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zambia "COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia") [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zimbabwe "COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe") |
| Central | [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 pandemic in Cameroon") [Central African Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Central_African_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Central African Republic") [Chad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chad "COVID-19 pandemic in Chad") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 pandemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo") [Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of the Congo") [Gabon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gabon "COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon") [São Tomé and Príncipe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe "COVID-19 pandemic in São Tomé and Príncipe") |
| Western | [Benin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Benin "COVID-19 pandemic in Benin") [Burkina Faso](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burkina_Faso "COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso") [Cape Verde](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cape_Verde "COVID-19 pandemic in Cape Verde") [Equatorial Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Equatorial_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Equatorial Guinea") [Gambia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Gambia "COVID-19 pandemic in the Gambia") [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana "COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana") timeline 2020 [March–July](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(March%E2%80%93July_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (March–July 2020)") [August–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(August%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (August–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (2021)") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanaian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Ghanaian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") impact [education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana") [Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea") [Guinea-Bissau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea-Bissau "COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau") [Ivory Coast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ivory_Coast "COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast") [Liberia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liberia "COVID-19 pandemic in Liberia") [Mali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mali "COVID-19 pandemic in Mali") [Niger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niger "COVID-19 pandemic in Niger") [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nigeria "COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Nigerian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha") [Senegal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Senegal "COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal") [Sierra Leone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sierra_Leone "COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone") [Togo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Togo "COVID-19 pandemic in Togo") |
| [Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in Asia") | |
| | |
| Central/North | [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan") [Kyrgyzstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kyrgyzstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") timeline [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)") impact [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") [Tajikistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tajikistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Tajikistan") [Turkmenistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkmenistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkmenistan") [Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uzbekistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan") |
| East | |
| | |
| [Hong Kong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hong_Kong "COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan "COVID-19 pandemic in Japan") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan") [Tokyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokyo "COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo") [2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_2020_Summer_Paralympics "COVID-19 cases at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics") [North Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea "COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Korea "COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea") [Macau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Macau "COVID-19 pandemic in Macau") [Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mongolia "COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Taiwan "COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan") [respirator diplomacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan "Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan") | |
| [Mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China") | [lockdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China "COVID-19 lockdown in China") [detail](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China&action=edit&redlink=1 "Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China (page does not exist)") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China") [Beijing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Beijing "COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing") [2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_and_2022_Winter_Paralympics "COVID-19 cases at the 2022 Winter Olympics and 2022 Winter Paralympics") [Heilongjiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Heilongjiang "COVID-19 pandemic in Heilongjiang") [Henan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Henan "COVID-19 pandemic in Henan") [Hubei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hubei "COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei") [Inner Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Inner_Mongolia "COVID-19 pandemic in Inner Mongolia") [Liaoning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liaoning "COVID-19 pandemic in Liaoning") [Shanghai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Shanghai "COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai") [2022 outbreak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Shanghai_COVID-19_outbreak "2022 Shanghai COVID-19 outbreak") [Sichuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sichuan "COVID-19 pandemic in Sichuan") [Tibet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tibet "COVID-19 pandemic in Tibet") [Xinjiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Xinjiang "COVID-19 pandemic in Xinjiang") |
| [South](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia") | |
| | |
| [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Afghanistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan") [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh") [Bhutan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bhutan "COVID-19 pandemic in Bhutan") [Maldives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maldives "COVID-19 pandemic in Maldives") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nepal "COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal") [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan "COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Pakistan "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Pakistan") [Sri Lanka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sri_Lanka "COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka") | |
| [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "COVID-19 pandemic in India") | |
| | |
| [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") [lockdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India "COVID-19 lockdown in India") [migrant workers' crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") timeline 2020 [January–May](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(January%E2%80%93May_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (January–May 2020)") [June–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(June%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (June–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (2021)") [union government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [PM CARES Fund](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund "PM CARES Fund") [state government responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_state_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian state government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India "COVID-19 vaccination in India") [Vaccine Maitri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_Maitri "Vaccine Maitri") | |
| By location | [Andaman and Nicobar Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands") [Andhra Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andhra_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra Pradesh") [Arunachal Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arunachal_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Arunachal Pradesh") [Assam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Assam "COVID-19 pandemic in Assam") [Bihar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bihar "COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar") [Chandigarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chandigarh "COVID-19 pandemic in Chandigarh") [Chhattisgarh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chhattisgarh "COVID-19 pandemic in Chhattisgarh") [Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu "COVID-19 pandemic in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu") [Delhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delhi "COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi") [Tablighi Jamaat hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Delhi "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Delhi") [Goa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Goa "COVID-19 pandemic in Goa") [Gujarat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gujarat "COVID-19 pandemic in Gujarat") [Haryana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haryana "COVID-19 pandemic in Haryana") [Himachal Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Himachal_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Himachal Pradesh") [Jammu and Kashmir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir "COVID-19 pandemic in Jammu and Kashmir") [Jharkhand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jharkhand "COVID-19 pandemic in Jharkhand") [Karnataka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Karnataka "COVID-19 pandemic in Karnataka") [Kerala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala "COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala") [Ladakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ladakh "COVID-19 pandemic in Ladakh") [Lakshadweep](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lakshadweep "COVID-19 pandemic in Lakshadweep") [Madhya Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madhya_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Madhya Pradesh") [Maharashtra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maharashtra "COVID-19 pandemic in Maharashtra") [Manipur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manipur "COVID-19 pandemic in Manipur") [Meghalaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Meghalaya "COVID-19 pandemic in Meghalaya") [Mizoram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mizoram "COVID-19 pandemic in Mizoram") [Nagaland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nagaland "COVID-19 pandemic in Nagaland") [Odisha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Odisha "COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha") [Puducherry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puducherry "COVID-19 pandemic in Puducherry") [Punjab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Punjab,_India "COVID-19 pandemic in Punjab, India") [Rajasthan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rajasthan "COVID-19 pandemic in Rajasthan") [Sikkim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sikkim "COVID-19 pandemic in Sikkim") [Tamil Nadu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tamil_Nadu "COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu") [Telangana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Telangana "COVID-19 pandemic in Telangana") [Tripura](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tripura "COVID-19 pandemic in Tripura") [Uttar Pradesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttar_Pradesh "COVID-19 pandemic in Uttar Pradesh") [Uttarakhand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttarakhand "COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand") [West Bengal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Bengal "COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal") |
| [Southeast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Southeast_Asia "COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia") | |
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| [Brunei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brunei "COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei") [Cambodia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cambodia "COVID-19 pandemic in Cambodia") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia "COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia") timeline [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia (2021)") [social restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions "Indonesia large-scale social restrictions") [Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Activities_Restrictions_Enforcement "Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement") [Laos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Laos "COVID-19 pandemic in Laos") [Myanmar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Myanmar "COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore "COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2022)") [circuit breaker response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures "2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore "COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore") [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand "COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand") [Timor-Leste](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Timor-Leste "COVID-19 pandemic in Timor-Leste") [Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam "COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Vietnamese government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") | impact [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [political](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia") [Aid and relief efforts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aid_and_relief_efforts_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Aid and relief efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [movement control order]() [Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Malaysia "2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2023)") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Johor "COVID-19 pandemic in Johor") [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuala_Lumpur "COVID-19 pandemic in Kuala Lumpur") [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sabah "COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah") [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak "COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak") [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Selangor "COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor") |
| [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines") | timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2022)") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [community quarantines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines") [Luzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon "Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon") [evacuations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuations_by_the_Philippines_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Evacuations by the Philippines related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines") [Bangsamoro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangsamoro "COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro") [Bicol Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bicol_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Bicol Region") [Cagayan Valley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cagayan_Valley "COVID-19 pandemic in Cagayan Valley") [Calabarzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Calabarzon "COVID-19 pandemic in Calabarzon") [Caraga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Caraga "COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga") [Central Luzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Luzon "COVID-19 pandemic in Central Luzon") [Central Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Central Visayas") [Cordillera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cordillera_Administrative_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cordillera Administrative Region") [Davao Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Davao_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Davao Region") [Eastern Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eastern_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Visayas") [Ilocos Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Ilocos_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Ilocos Region") [Metro Manila](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Metro_Manila "COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila") [Mimaropa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mimaropa "COVID-19 pandemic in Mimaropa") [Northern Mindanao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Mindanao "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Mindanao") [Soccsksargen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Soccsksargen "COVID-19 pandemic in Soccsksargen") [Western Visayas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Visayas "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Visayas") [Zamboanga Peninsula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zamboanga_Peninsula "COVID-19 pandemic in Zamboanga Peninsula") [Overseas Filipinos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overseas_Filipinos_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Overseas Filipinos during the COVID-19 pandemic") |
| West | [Armenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Armenia "COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia") [Azerbaijan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Azerbaijan "COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan") [Artsakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Artsakh "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Artsakh") [Bahrain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bahrain "COVID-19 pandemic in Bahrain") [Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus") [Northern Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt "COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt") [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\(country\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (country)") [Abkhazia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Abkhazia "COVID-19 pandemic in Abkhazia") [South Ossetia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Ossetia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Ossetia") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iran "COVID-19 pandemic in Iran") [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iraq "COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq") [Kurdistan Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Kurdistan_Region "COVID-19 pandemic in the Kurdistan Region") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Israel "COVID-19 pandemic in Israel") [Jordan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jordan "COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan") [Kuwait](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuwait "COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait") [Lebanon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lebanon "COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon") [Oman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oman "COVID-19 pandemic in Oman") [Palestine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_State_of_Palestine "COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine") [Qatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Qatar "COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar") [Saudi Arabia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saudi_Arabia "COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_programme_in_Saudi_Arabia "COVID-19 vaccination programme in Saudi Arabia") [Syria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria "COVID-19 pandemic in Syria") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates") [Yemen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen "COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen") |
| [Europe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe "COVID-19 pandemic in Europe") | |
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| [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") | |
| | |
| [history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "History of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") timeline [January–June 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2020)") [July–December 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2020)") [January–June 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2021)") [July–December 2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2021)") [January–June 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(January%E2%80%93June_2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2022)") [July–December 2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(July%E2%80%93December_2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (2023)") [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "United Kingdom responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Broadshare "Operation Broadshare") [Operation Rescript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Rescript "Operation Rescript") [contracts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controversies_regarding_COVID-19_contracts_in_the_United_Kingdom "Controversies regarding COVID-19 contracts in the United Kingdom") impact [social](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom") | |
| By location | [England](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England "COVID-19 pandemic in England") timeline 2020 [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (January–June 2020)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (July–December 2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2022)") [London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_London "COVID-19 pandemic in London") [local lockdown regulations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_local_lockdown_regulations_in_England "COVID-19 local lockdown regulations in England") [first tier regulations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_COVID-19_tier_regulations_in_England "First COVID-19 tier regulations in England") [Northern Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2022)") [Scotland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland "COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2022)") [Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales "COVID-19 pandemic in Wales") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)") [Crown Dependencies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Crown_Dependencies "COVID-19 pandemic in the Crown Dependencies") [Isle of Man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Isle_of_Man "COVID-19 pandemic in the Isle of Man") [Jersey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jersey "COVID-19 pandemic in Jersey") [Guernsey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guernsey "COVID-19 pandemic in Guernsey") [Overseas territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories") [Akrotiri and Dhekelia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia "COVID-19 pandemic in Akrotiri and Dhekelia") [British Indian Ocean Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Indian Ocean Territory") [Gibraltar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gibraltar "COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar") |
| Eastern | [Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus "COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2022)") [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan") [Moldova](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Moldova "COVID-19 pandemic in Moldova") [Gagauzia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gagauzia "COVID-19 pandemic in Gagauzia") [Transnistria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Transnistria "COVID-19 pandemic in Transnistria") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") timeline [January–June 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)") [July–December 2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)") [government responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Russian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [political impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey") [Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine "COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine") [Crimea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Crimea "COVID-19 pandemic in Crimea") [Sevastopol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sevastopol "COVID-19 pandemic in Sevastopol") |
| Western Balkans | [Albania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Albania "COVID-19 pandemic in Albania") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina "COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina") [Kosovo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kosovo "COVID-19 pandemic in Kosovo") [Montenegro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montenegro "COVID-19 pandemic in Montenegro") [North Macedonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Macedonia "COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia") [Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia "COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia") |
| [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Austria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austria "COVID-19 pandemic in Austria") [Belgium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belgium "COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bulgaria "COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria") [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia "COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia") [Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus") [Northern Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus "COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus") [Czech Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Czech_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic") [Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Denmark "COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark") [Faroe Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Faroe_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Faroe Islands") [Estonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Estonia "COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia") [Finland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Finland "COVID-19 pandemic in Finland") [Åland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_%C3%85land "COVID-19 pandemic in Åland") [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France "COVID-19 pandemic in France") [Guadeloupe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe "COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe") [French Guiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana "COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana") [Réunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union "COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion") [Martinique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique "COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique") [Mayotte](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte "COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte") [Normandy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Normandy "COVID-19 pandemic in Normandy") [Saint Martin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin "COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany "COVID-19 pandemic in Germany") [North Rhine-Westphalia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Rhine-Westphalia "COVID-19 pandemic in North Rhine-Westphalia") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greece "COVID-19 pandemic in Greece") [Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hungary "COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2022)") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy "COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [Latvia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Latvia "COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia") [Lithuania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lithuania "COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania") [Luxembourg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Luxembourg "COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg") [Malta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malta "COVID-19 pandemic in Malta") [Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Dutch government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Poland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Poland "COVID-19 pandemic in Poland") [Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portugal "COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal") [Romania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania "COVID-19 pandemic in Romania") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania") [Slovakia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovakia "COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia") [Slovenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovenia "COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia") [Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain "COVID-19 pandemic in Spain") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain") [Asturias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asturias "COVID-19 pandemic in Asturias") [Canary Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands") [Ceuta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta "COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta") [Community of Madrid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Community_of_Madrid "COVID-19 pandemic in the Community of Madrid") [Melilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla") [Sweden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sweden "COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Swedish government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Operation Gloria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gloria "Operation Gloria") |
| EFTA countries | [Iceland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iceland "COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland") [Liechtenstein](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liechtenstein "COVID-19 pandemic in Liechtenstein") [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norway "COVID-19 pandemic in Norway") [Svalbard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Svalbard "COVID-19 pandemic in Svalbard") [Switzerland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Switzerland "COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland") |
| Microstates | [Andorra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andorra "COVID-19 pandemic in Andorra") [Monaco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Monaco "COVID-19 pandemic in Monaco") [San Marino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_San_Marino "COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino") [Vatican City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vatican_City "COVID-19 pandemic in Vatican City") |
| [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_America "COVID-19 pandemic in North America") | |
| | |
| Atlantic | [Bermuda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bermuda "COVID-19 pandemic in Bermuda") [Greenland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greenland "COVID-19 pandemic in Greenland") [Saint Pierre and Miquelon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Pierre and Miquelon") |
| Canada | [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [federal aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_aid_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada "COVID-19 vaccination in Canada") [military response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Laser "Operation Laser") [Atlantic Bubble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Bubble "Atlantic Bubble") [Alberta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta "COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta") [British Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_British_Columbia "COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia") [Manitoba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manitoba "COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba") [New Brunswick](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Brunswick "COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick") [Newfoundland and Labrador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador "COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador") [Northwest Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northwest_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories") [Nova Scotia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nova_Scotia "COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia") [Nunavut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nunavut "COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut") [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario "COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2022)") [Ottawa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ottawa "COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa") [Peel Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_Peel "COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of Peel") [Toronto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Toronto "COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto") [York Region](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_York "COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of York") [Provincial government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario "Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario") [Vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario "COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario") [Prince Edward Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Prince_Edward_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island") [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec "COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec") [Montreal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montreal "COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal") [boroughs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boroughs_of_Montreal_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Boroughs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Saskatchewan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan "COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan") [Yukon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yukon "COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon") |
| Caribbean | |
| | |
| Countries | [Antigua and Barbuda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda "COVID-19 pandemic in Antigua and Barbuda") [Bahamas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bahamas "COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas") [Barbados](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Barbados "COVID-19 pandemic in Barbados") [Cuba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cuba "COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba") [Guantanamo Bay Naval Base](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base "COVID-19 pandemic in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base") [Dominica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dominica "COVID-19 pandemic in Dominica") [Dominican Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Dominican_Republic "COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic") [Grenada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Grenada "COVID-19 pandemic in Grenada") [Haiti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti "COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti") [Jamaica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jamaica "COVID-19 pandemic in Jamaica") [Saint Kitts and Nevis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Kitts and Nevis") [Saint Lucia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Lucia "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Lucia") [Saint Vincent and the Grenadines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") [Trinidad and Tobago](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago "COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago") |
| [British Overseas Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories") | [Anguilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Anguilla "COVID-19 pandemic in Anguilla") [British Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the British Virgin Islands") [Cayman Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cayman_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cayman Islands") [Montserrat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montserrat "COVID-19 pandemic in Montserrat") [Turks and Caicos Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Turks and Caicos Islands") [response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Broadshare "Operation Broadshare") |
| | |
| [Aruba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Aruba "COVID-19 pandemic in Aruba") [Curaçao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cura%C3%A7ao "COVID-19 pandemic in Curaçao") [Sint Maarten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Maarten "COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Maarten") | |
| Caribbean Netherlands | [Bonaire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bonaire "COVID-19 pandemic in Bonaire") [Saba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saba "COVID-19 pandemic in Saba") [Sint Eustatius](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Eustatius "COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Eustatius") |
| French West Indies | [Guadeloupe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe "COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe") [Martinique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique "COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique") [Saint Barthélemy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy "COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Barthélemy") [Saint Martin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin "COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin") |
| US insular areas | [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico "COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands") |
| Central America | [Belize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belize "COVID-19 pandemic in Belize") [Costa Rica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Costa_Rica "COVID-19 pandemic in Costa Rica") [El Salvador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_El_Salvador "COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador") [Guatemala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guatemala "COVID-19 pandemic in Guatemala") [Honduras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Honduras "COVID-19 pandemic in Honduras") [Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico "COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico") [vaccination](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico "COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico") [Nicaragua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nicaragua "COVID-19 pandemic in Nicaragua") [Panama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Panama "COVID-19 pandemic in Panama") |
| [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") | |
| | |
| [Trump administration communication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic") timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2021)") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [2021 hospital crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_hospital_crisis_in_the_U.S._from_COVID-19 "2021 hospital crisis in the U.S. from COVID-19") | |
| [responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "United States responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") | [federal government](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [state and local governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state_and_local_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [California government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "California government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [New York government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_state_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "New York state government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Texas government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Texas government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Eastern States Multi-state Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_States_Multi-state_Council "Eastern States Multi-state Council") [Midwest Governors Regional Pact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwest_Governors_Regional_Pact "Midwest Governors Regional Pact") [Western States Pact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_States_Pact "Western States Pact") |
| By location | [Alabama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alabama "COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama") [Alaska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alaska "COVID-19 pandemic in Alaska") [American Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa") [Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arizona "COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona") [Navajo Nation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Navajo_Nation "COVID-19 pandemic in the Navajo Nation") [Arkansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arkansas "COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas") [California](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California "COVID-19 pandemic in California") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_California "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in California") [S.F. Bay Area](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area "COVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area") [Colorado](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colorado "COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado") [Connecticut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Connecticut "COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut") [Delaware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delaware "COVID-19 pandemic in Delaware") [Florida](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Florida "COVID-19 pandemic in Florida") [Georgia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_\(U.S._state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)") [Guam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam "COVID-19 pandemic in Guam") [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii "COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii") [Idaho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Idaho "COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho") [Illinois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Illinois "COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois") [Indiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indiana "COVID-19 pandemic in Indiana") [Iowa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iowa "COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa") [Kansas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kansas "COVID-19 pandemic in Kansas") [Kentucky](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kentucky "COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky") [Louisiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Louisiana "COVID-19 pandemic in Louisiana") [Maine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maine "COVID-19 pandemic in Maine") [Maryland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland "COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland") [Massachusetts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts "COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts") [Boston](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston "COVID-19 pandemic in Boston") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston") [Michigan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Michigan "COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan") [Minnesota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Minnesota "COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota") [Mississippi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mississippi "COVID-19 pandemic in Mississippi") [Missouri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Missouri "COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri") [Montana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montana "COVID-19 pandemic in Montana") [Nebraska](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nebraska "COVID-19 pandemic in Nebraska") [Nevada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada "COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada") [New Hampshire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Hampshire "COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire") [New Jersey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Jersey "COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey") [New Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Mexico "COVID-19 pandemic in New Mexico") [New York](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)") [New York City](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City "COVID-19 pandemic in New York City") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City") [North Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Carolina "COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina") [North Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Dakota "COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota") [Northern Mariana Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands") [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ohio "COVID-19 pandemic in Ohio") [Columbus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Columbus,_Ohio "COVID-19 pandemic in Columbus, Ohio") [Oklahoma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oklahoma "COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma") [Oregon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oregon "COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon") [Portland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portland,_Oregon "COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon") [Pennsylvania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pennsylvania "COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania") [Philadelphia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Philadelphia "COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia") [Puerto Rico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico "COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico") [Rhode Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rhode_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island") [South Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Carolina "COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina") [South Dakota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Dakota "COVID-19 pandemic in South Dakota") [Tennessee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tennessee "COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee") [Texas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas "COVID-19 pandemic in Texas") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas") [Austin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austin,_Texas "COVID-19 pandemic in Austin, Texas") [U.S. Virgin Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands") [Utah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Utah "COVID-19 pandemic in Utah") [Vermont](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vermont "COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont") [Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia "COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia") [Washington](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)") [Washington, D.C.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C. "COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.") [White House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak "White House COVID-19 outbreak") [West Virginia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Virginia "COVID-19 pandemic in West Virginia") [Wisconsin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wisconsin "COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin") [Wyoming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wyoming "COVID-19 pandemic in Wyoming") |
| [Oceania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oceania "COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania") | |
| | |
| [American Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa") [Cook Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cook_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cook Islands") [Easter Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island") [Federated States of Micronesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia "COVID-19 pandemic in the Federated States of Micronesia") [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Fiji "COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji") [French Polynesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Polynesia "COVID-19 pandemic in French Polynesia") [Guam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam "COVID-19 pandemic in Guam") [Hawaii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii "COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii") [Kiribati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kiribati "COVID-19 pandemic in Kiribati") [Marshall Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Marshall_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Marshall Islands") [Nauru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nauru "COVID-19 pandemic in Nauru") [New Caledonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Caledonia "COVID-19 pandemic in New Caledonia") [Niue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niue "COVID-19 pandemic in Niue") [Northern Mariana Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands") [Palau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Palau "COVID-19 pandemic in Palau") [Papua New Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Papua_New_Guinea "COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea") [Bougainville](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Autonomous_Region_of_Bougainville "COVID-19 pandemic in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville") [Pitcairn Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Pitcairn Islands") [Samoa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Samoa "COVID-19 pandemic in Samoa") [Solomon Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Solomon_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Solomon Islands") [Tokelau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokelau "COVID-19 pandemic in Tokelau") [Tonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tonga "COVID-19 pandemic in Tonga") [Tuvalu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tuvalu "COVID-19 pandemic in Tuvalu") [Vanuatu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vanuatu "COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu") [Wallis and Futuna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wallis_and_Futuna "COVID-19 pandemic in Wallis and Futuna") | |
| [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in Australia") | timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2020)") 2021 [January–June](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(January%E2%80%93June_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)") [July–December](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(July%E2%80%93December_2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (July–December 2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2022)") [Australian Capital Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory") [Christmas Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Christmas_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Christmas Island") [Cocos (Keeling) Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cocos_\(Keeling\)_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands") [New South Wales](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_South_Wales "COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales") [Norfolk Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norfolk_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Norfolk Island") [Northern Territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Territory "COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Territory") [Queensland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Queensland "COVID-19 pandemic in Queensland") [South Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in South Australia") [Tasmania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tasmania "COVID-19 pandemic in Tasmania") [Victoria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Victoria "COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria") [Western Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Australia "COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia") |
| [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") | timeline [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2020\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2020)") [2021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2021\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2021)") [2022](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2022\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2022)") [2023](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_\(2023\) "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2023)") [economic impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [government response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "New Zealand government response to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Alert levels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_alert_levels_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 alert levels in New Zealand") [Traffic light system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Protection_Framework "COVID-19 Protection Framework") [social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [managed isolation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand") |
| [South America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_America "COVID-19 pandemic in South America") | [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina "COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina") [human rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina") [Bolivia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bolivia "COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia") [Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil "COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil") [São Paulo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_\(state\) "COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo (state)") [Chile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile "COVID-19 pandemic in Chile") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile") [Easter Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island "COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island") [Colombia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia "COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia "Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia") [Ecuador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ecuador "COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador") [Falkland Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Falkland_Islands "COVID-19 pandemic in the Falkland Islands") [French Guiana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana "COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana") [Guyana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guyana "COVID-19 pandemic in Guyana") [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Paraguay "COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay") [Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru "COVID-19 pandemic in Peru") [statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru "Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru") [Cusco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cusco "COVID-19 pandemic in Cusco") [Suriname](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Suriname "COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname") [Uruguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uruguay "COVID-19 pandemic in Uruguay") [Venezuela](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela "COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela") |
| Others | [Antarctica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica "COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica") [Cruise ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_cruise_ships "COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships") [*Diamond Princess*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Diamond_Princess "COVID-19 pandemic on Diamond Princess") [*Grand Princess*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Grand_Princess "COVID-19 pandemic on Grand Princess") [Naval ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_naval_ships "COVID-19 pandemic on naval ships") [*Charles de Gaulle*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Charles_de_Gaulle "COVID-19 pandemic on Charles de Gaulle") [USS *Theodore Roosevelt*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_USS_Theodore_Roosevelt "COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt") |
| [Impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| | |
| Culture and entertainment | |
| | |
| [Arts and cultural heritage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_arts_and_cultural_heritage "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage") | [References in popular culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_popular_culture "COVID-19 pandemic in popular culture") [Cinema](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cinema "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema") [films affected](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of films impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Corona-chan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona-chan "Corona-chan") [Disney](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Walt_Disney_Company "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Walt Disney Company") [Fashion industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fashion industry") [Music industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_music_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the music industry") [Performing arts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_performing_arts "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performing arts") [Television](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television") [U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States") [U.S. sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_American_sports_broadcasting "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on American sports broadcasting") [programs affected](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_American_television_series_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of American television series impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Video games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_video_game_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry") |
| [Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education") | |
| | |
| [Female education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_female_education "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female education") [Homeschooling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| By country | [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the Republic of Ireland") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom") [exam grading controversy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_United_Kingdom_school_exam_grading_controversy "2020 United Kingdom school exam grading controversy") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United States") |
| [Sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports") | |
| | |
| [Bio-secure bubble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-secure_bubble "Bio-secure bubble") | |
| By country | [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports in the Republic of Ireland") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Philippine_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Philippine sports") |
| By sport | [Association football](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_association_football "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football") [Baseball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_baseball "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on baseball") [Basketball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_basketball "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on basketball") [NBA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_of_the_2019%E2%80%9320_NBA_season "Suspension of the 2019–20 NBA season") [Combat sports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_combat_sports "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on combat sports") [Cricket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cricket "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cricket") [Disc golf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_disc_golf "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disc golf") [Gaelic games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Gaelic_games "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games") [Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_gridiron_football "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gridiron football") [Ice hockey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ice_hockey "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ice hockey") [Motorsport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_motorsport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorsport") [Rugby league](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_rugby_league "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rugby league") |
| Society and rights | |
| | |
| [Social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Social media](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_social_media "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media") [Stigma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_stigma_associated_with_COVID-19 "Social stigma associated with COVID-19") [Children](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_children "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children") [foster care in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_foster_care_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foster care in the United States") [Pandemic baking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic_baking "Pandemic baking") |
| Labor | [Healthcare workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_healthcare_workers "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers") [Indian migrant workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Great Resignation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Resignation "Great Resignation") [Strikes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic") |
| [Human rights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_issues_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Human rights issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina") [Myanmar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat "2021 Myanmar coup d'état") |
| Legal | [Abortion in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_abortion_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion in the United States") [Crime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_crime "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime") [Domestic violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_domestic_violence "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence") [Prisons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_prisons "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prisons") [U.S. immigration detention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_U.S._immigration_detention "COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. immigration detention") |
| Minority | [Gender](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendered_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Gendered impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") [LGBT community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_LGBT_community "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the LGBT community") [African communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_African_communities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African communities") [Indian migrant workers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Indian_migrant_workers "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indian migrant workers") [Disability community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_people_with_disabilities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities") [Native American communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Native_American_tribes_and_tribal_communities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Native American tribes and tribal communities") [Xenophobia and racism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic") |
| [Religion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_religion "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion") | [Catholic Church](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church") [Hajj](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Hajj "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hajj") |
| [Economic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| | |
| [Charitable activity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charitable_activities_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Charitable activities related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [COVID-19 scams](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_scams "COVID-19 scams") [Travel restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Travel during the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| By country | [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland") [COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Pandemic_Unemployment_Payment "COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia") [U.K.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom") [U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") |
| By industry | [Aviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_commercial_air_transport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air transport") [Airlines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_airlines_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic "List of airlines impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic") [Cannabis industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_cannabis_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry") [Food industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_food_industry "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food industry") [meat industry in Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada") [meat industry in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States") [restaurant industry in the U.S.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_restaurant_industry_in_the_United_States "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States") [Hospitals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_hospitals "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitals") [ICU capacity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ICU_capacity "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ICU capacity") [Long-term care facilities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_long-term_care_facilities "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term care facilities") [Mink farming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Public transport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_public_transport "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport") [Retail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail") [Tourism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_tourism "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism") |
| Supply and trade | [Shortages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Chip supply](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_global_chip_shortage "2020–2023 global chip shortage") [Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_energy_crisis "2021–2023 global energy crisis") [Global supply chain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_supply_chain_crisis "2021–2023 global supply chain crisis") [Oil price war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war "2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war") [Food security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_security_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic") |
| [Financial markets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Financial market impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Global stock market crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_stock_market_crash "2020 stock market crash") [COVID-19 recession](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_recession "COVID-19 recession") [Inflation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_inflation_surge "2021–2022 inflation surge") |
| Information | |
| | |
| [Journalism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_journalism "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on journalism") [Media coverage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic") [Wikipedia's response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Wikipedia and the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| [Misinformation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation "COVID-19 misinformation") | [Governments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_governments "COVID-19 misinformation by governments") [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_China "COVID-19 misinformation by China") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_the_United_States "COVID-19 misinformation by the United States") By country [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_Canada "COVID-19 misinformation in Canada") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 misinformation in the Philippines") [Ivermectin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivermectin_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic") *[Plandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plandemic "Plandemic")* |
| [Politics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| | |
| [National responses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Legislation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_pandemic_legislation "List of COVID-19 pandemic legislation") [List of political officials who have tested positive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_officials_who_have_tested_positive_for_COVID-19 "List of political officials who have tested positive for COVID-19") [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic") | |
| [Political impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in the Republic of Ireland") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia") |
| [Protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Abkhazia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Abkhazia_unrest "2021 Abkhazia unrest") [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17A "17A") [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Australia "COVID-19 protests in Australia") [Convoy to Canberra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoy_to_Canberra "Convoy to Canberra") [Azerbaijan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Azerbaijani_protests "2020 Azerbaijani protests") [Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Belarusian_protests "2020–2021 Belarusian protests") [Belgium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Brussels_protests "2022 Brussels protests") [2020 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Brazilian_protests "2020 Brazilian protests") [2021 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Brazilian_protests "2021 Brazilian protests") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Bulgarian_protests "2020–2021 Bulgarian protests") [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada "COVID-19 protests in Canada") [convoy protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_convoy_protest "Canada convoy protest") [Chile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%E2%80%932022_Chilean_protests "2019–2022 Chilean protests") [China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_COVID-19_protests_in_China "2022 COVID-19 protests in China") [Beijing Sitong Bridge protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Beijing_Sitong_Bridge_protest "2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest") [healthcare reform protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Chinese_healthcare_reform_protests "2023 Chinese healthcare reform protests") [2021 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Colombian_protests "2021 Colombian protests") [2022 protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Colombian_protests "2022 Colombian protests") [Cuba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Cuban_protests "2021 Cuban protests") [Yellow vests protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests "Yellow vests protests") [labor protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_French_labor_protests "2021 French labor protests") [French West Indies social unrest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_social_unrest_in_the_French_West_Indies "2021–2022 social unrest in the French West Indies") [convoy protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France_convoy_protest "France convoy protest") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Germany "COVID-19 protests in Germany") [Idar-Oberstein shooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Idar-Oberstein_shooting "2021 Idar-Oberstein shooting") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Greek_protests "2021 Greek protests") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Israel "COVID-19 protests in Israel") [protests against Benjamin Netanyahu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_protests_against_Benjamin_Netanyahu "2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_over_COVID-19_policies_in_Italy "Protests over COVID-19 policies in Italy") [Mongolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Mongolian_protests "2021 Mongolian protests") [Netherlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_Netherlands "COVID-19 protests in the Netherlands") [curfew riots](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Dutch_curfew_riots "2021 Dutch curfew riots") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 protests in New Zealand") [Wellington protest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest "2022 Wellington protest") [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Paraguayan_protests "2021 Paraguayan protests") [Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Serbian_protests "2020–2022 Serbian protests") [Tunisia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Tunisian_protests "2021 Tunisian protests") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 protests in the United Kingdom") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 protests in the United States") [Open the States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_the_States "Open the States") |
| [International relations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_international_relations "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international relations") | [Aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy "International reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy") [Moldovan–Romanian collaboration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldovan%E2%80%93Romanian_collaboration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Moldovan–Romanian collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan "Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan") [Vaccine diplomacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_diplomacy "Vaccine diplomacy") |
| [Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Glossary of the COVID-19 pandemic") | [Anthropause](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropause "Anthropause") [Doomscrolling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomscrolling "Doomscrolling") [Flattening the curve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flattening_the_curve "Flattening the curve") [Green recovery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_recovery "Green recovery") [Long COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_COVID "Long COVID") [Social distancing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_distancing "Social distancing") [Superspreader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspreading_event "Superspreading event") [Twindemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twindemic "Twindemic") [Zero-COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-COVID "Zero-COVID") [Zoom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_\(software\) "Zoom (software)") [Zoom towns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_town "Zoom town") |
| Others | [Animals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_and_animals "COVID-19 pandemic and animals") [Cluster 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Environment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_environment "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment") [Military](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_military "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the military") [Pregnant women](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_pregnant_women "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women") [Science and technology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_science_and_technology "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on science and technology") |
| Health issues | |
| | |
| Medical topics | [Transmission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_of_COVID-19 "Transmission of COVID-19") [Symptoms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptoms_of_COVID-19 "Symptoms of COVID-19") [Cancer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_and_cancer "COVID-19 and cancer") [Endemic COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_COVID-19 "Endemic COVID-19") [Skin manifestations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_manifestations_of_COVID-19 "Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19") [Long COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_COVID "Long COVID") [Mental health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic") [neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_neurological,_psychological_and_other_mental_health_outcomes "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes") [Pregnancy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_in_pregnancy "COVID-19 in pregnancy") [Non-COVID-19–related health issues](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_other_health_issues "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on other health issues") [Shortages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Rehabilitation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehabilitation_after_COVID-19 "Rehabilitation after COVID-19") [Unproven medical methods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unproven_methods_against_COVID-19 "List of unproven methods against COVID-19") |
| Testing and epidemiology | |
| | |
| [Datasets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_datasets "COVID-19 datasets") [Death rates by country](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_death_rates_by_country "COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country") [Disease testing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_testing "COVID-19 testing") [Breathalyzer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_breathalyzer "Coronavirus breathalyzer") [Operation Moonshot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Moonshot "Operation Moonshot") [Test to Release](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_to_Release "Test to Release") [UK Rapid Test Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Rapid_Test_Consortium "UK Rapid Test Consortium") [AbC-19 rapid antibody test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AbC-19_rapid_antibody_test "AbC-19 rapid antibody test") [investigations into the origins](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigations_into_the_origin_of_COVID-19 "Investigations into the origin of COVID-19") [lab leak theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory "COVID-19 lab leak theory") [Rapid antigen test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_rapid_antigen_test "COVID-19 rapid antigen test") [Software](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_for_COVID-19_pandemic_mitigation "Software for COVID-19 pandemic mitigation") [Surveillance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_surveillance "COVID-19 surveillance") [Undercounting COVID-19 deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undercounting_of_COVID-19_pandemic_deaths_by_country "Undercounting of COVID-19 pandemic deaths by country") | |
| [Apps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_apps "COVID-19 apps") | [Aarogya Setu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarogya_Setu "Aarogya Setu") [BlueTrace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlueTrace "BlueTrace") [careFIJI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CareFIJI "CareFIJI") [Coronavirus Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_Australia "Coronavirus Australia") [Corona-Warn-App](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona-Warn-App "Corona-Warn-App") [COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Contact-Confirming_Application "COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application") [COVID Alert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID_Alert "COVID Alert") (Canada) [COVIDSafe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVIDSafe "COVIDSafe") [COVID Tracker Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID_Tracker_Ireland "COVID Tracker Ireland") [Covid Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covid_Watch "Covid Watch") [Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_Privacy-Preserving_Proximity_Tracing "Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing") [Exposure Notification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_Notification "Exposure Notification") [Health Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Code "Health Code") [Healthy Together](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthy_Together "Healthy Together") [Immuni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immuni "Immuni") [Koronavilkku](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koronavilkku "Koronavilkku") [LeaveHomeSafe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeaveHomeSafe "LeaveHomeSafe") [MySejahtera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySejahtera "MySejahtera") [NHS COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_COVID-19 "NHS COVID-19") [NZ COVID Tracer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZ_COVID_Tracer "NZ COVID Tracer") [NZ Pass Verifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZ_Pass_Verifier "NZ Pass Verifier") [PathCheck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PathCheck "PathCheck") [PeduliLindungi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PeduliLindungi "PeduliLindungi") [SafeEntry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafeEntry "SafeEntry") [SafePass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafePass "SafePass") [StaySafe.ph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StaySafe.ph "StaySafe.ph") [SwissCovid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SwissCovid "SwissCovid") [TCN Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCN_Protocol "TCN Protocol") [Test, Trace, Protect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test,_Trace,_Protect "Test, Trace, Protect") [Thai Chana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_Chana "Thai Chana") [TousAntiCovid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TousAntiCovid "TousAntiCovid") [TraceTogether](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TraceTogether "TraceTogether") [Valtrace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtrace "Valtrace") [Zoe Health Study](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe_Health_Study "Zoe Health Study") |
| Prevention | [Air purifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_purifier "Air purifier") ([Corsi–Rosenthal Box](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsi%E2%80%93Rosenthal_Box "Corsi–Rosenthal Box")) [Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroquine_and_hydroxychloroquine_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Evacuations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuations_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Face masks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic") [Anti-mask sentiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-mask_sentiment "Anti-mask sentiment") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States "Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States") [Flattening the curve](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flattening_the_curve "Flattening the curve") [Great Barrington Declaration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrington_Declaration "Great Barrington Declaration") [International aid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns") [Public health mitigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health_mitigation_of_COVID-19 "Public health mitigation of COVID-19") [Safe Hands Challenge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe_Hands_Challenge "Safe Hands Challenge") [Social distancing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_distancing_measures_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic") [Workplace hazard controls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_hazard_controls_for_COVID-19 "Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19") [Zero-COVID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-COVID "Zero-COVID") |
| [Vaccines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine "COVID-19 vaccine") | |
| | |
| Topics | [Authorizations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations "List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations") [Clinical research](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research "COVID-19 vaccine clinical research") [Deployment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines "Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines") [Development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_COVID-19_vaccine_development "History of COVID-19 vaccine development") [EU Certificate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_Digital_COVID_Certificate "EU Digital COVID Certificate") [Misinformation and hesitancy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_misinformation_and_hesitancy "COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy") [Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_of_anti-vaccine_advocates_from_COVID-19 "Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates from COVID-19") [US](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_hesitancy_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States") [Operation Warp Speed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed "Operation Warp Speed") (U.S.) [Post-vaccination complications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embolic_and_thrombotic_events_after_COVID-19_vaccination "Embolic and thrombotic events after COVID-19 vaccination") [Vaccine card](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_card "COVID-19 vaccine card") [Vaccine passports](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic") |
| Authorized | |
| | |
| [DNA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_vaccine "DNA vaccine") | [ZyCoV-D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZyCoV-D "ZyCoV-D") |
| [Inactivated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inactivated_vaccine "Inactivated vaccine") | [Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences_COVID-19_vaccine "Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine") [CoronaVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoronaVac "CoronaVac") [Covaxin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covaxin "Covaxin") [COVIran Barekat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVIran_Barekat "COVIran Barekat") [CoviVac (Russia)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoviVac_\(Russia_COVID-19_vaccine\) "CoviVac (Russia COVID-19 vaccine)") [FAKHRAVAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAKHRAVAC "FAKHRAVAC") [Minhai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minhai_COVID-19_vaccine "Minhai COVID-19 vaccine") [QazCovid-in](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QazCovid-in "QazCovid-in") [Sinopharm BIBP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_BIBP_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine") [Sinopharm WIBP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_WIBP_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine") [Turkovac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkovac "Turkovac") [Valneva](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valneva_COVID-19_vaccine "Valneva COVID-19 vaccine") |
| [mRNA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA_vaccine "MRNA vaccine") | [Moderna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine "Moderna COVID-19 vaccine") [Pfizer–BioNTech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine "Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine") |
| [Subunit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subunit_vaccine "Subunit vaccine") | [Abdala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdala_\(vaccine\) "Abdala (vaccine)") [Corbevax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbevax "Corbevax") (Bio E COVID-19) [COVAX-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVAX-19 "COVAX-19") [EpiVacCorona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EpiVacCorona "EpiVacCorona") [IndoVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IndoVac "IndoVac") [MVC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC_COVID-19_vaccine "MVC COVID-19 vaccine") [Noora](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noora_\(vaccine\) "Noora (vaccine)") [Novavax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novavax_COVID-19_vaccine "Novavax COVID-19 vaccine") [Razi Cov Pars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razi_Cov_Pars "Razi Cov Pars") [Sinopharm CNBG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinopharm_CNBG_COVID-19_vaccine "Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine") [Soberana 02](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soberana_02 "Soberana 02") [Soberana Plus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soberana_Plus "Soberana Plus") [ZF2001](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZF2001 "ZF2001") (Zifivax) |
| [Viral vector](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_vector_vaccine "Viral vector vaccine") | [Convidecia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convidecia "Convidecia") [Janssen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine "Janssen COVID-19 vaccine") [Oxford–AstraZeneca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine "Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine") [Sputnik V](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine "Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine") [Sputnik Light](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_Light "Sputnik Light") |
| [Virus-like particles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus-like_particle "Virus-like particle") | [CoVLP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoVLP "CoVLP") |
| In trials | |
| | |
| [Attenuated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuated_vaccine "Attenuated vaccine") | [COVI-VAC (United States)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVI-VAC_\(U.S._COVID-19_vaccine\) "COVI-VAC (U.S. COVID-19 vaccine)") |
| DNA | [AG0302-COVID‑19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AG0302-COVID%E2%80%9119 "AG0302-COVID‑19") [GX-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GX-19 "GX-19") [Inovio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inovio_COVID-19_vaccine "Inovio COVID-19 vaccine") |
| Inactivated | [KD-414](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KD-414 "KD-414") [NDV-HXP-S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDV-HXP-S "NDV-HXP-S") |
| RNA | [ARCT-021](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARCT-021 "ARCT-021") [ARCT-154](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARCT-154 "ARCT-154") [Bangavax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangavax "Bangavax") [CureVac](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CureVac_COVID-19_vaccine "CureVac COVID-19 vaccine") (terminated) [HGC019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HGC019 "HGC019") [mRNA-1283](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA-1283 "MRNA-1283") [PTX-COVID19-B](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTX-COVID19-B "PTX-COVID19-B") [Sanofi–Translate Bio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93Translate_Bio_COVID-19_vaccine "Sanofi–Translate Bio COVID-19 vaccine") (terminated) [Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemirna_COVID-19_vaccine "Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine") [Walvax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walvax_COVID-19_vaccine "Walvax COVID-19 vaccine") |
| Subunit | [202-CoV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/202-CoV "202-CoV") [AKS-452](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKS-452 "AKS-452") [EuCorVac-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EuCorVac-19 "EuCorVac-19") [IVX-411](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IVX-411 "IVX-411") [Nanocovax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocovax "Nanocovax") [ReCOV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReCOV "ReCOV") [Sanofi–GSK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93GSK_COVID-19_vaccine "Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine") [S-268019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-268019 "S-268019") [SCB-2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCB-2019 "SCB-2019") [SCTV01C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCTV01C "SCTV01C") [Skycovione](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skycovione "Skycovione") [UB-612](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UB-612 "UB-612") [V-01](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-01 "V-01") [V451](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V451_vaccine "V451 vaccine") (terminated) [Vabiotech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabiotech_COVID-19_vaccine "Vabiotech COVID-19 vaccine") [West China Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_China_Hospital_COVID-19_vaccine "West China Hospital COVID-19 vaccine") [Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZF2001 "ZF2001") |
| Viral vector | [AdCLD-CoV19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdCLD-CoV19 "AdCLD-CoV19") [BriLife](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BriLife "BriLife") [COH04S1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COH04S1 "COH04S1") [DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT "DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT") [GRAd-COV2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRAd-COV2 "GRAd-COV2") [ImmunityBio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImmunityBio_COVID-19_vaccine "ImmunityBio COVID-19 vaccine") [iNCOVACC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INCOVACC "INCOVACC") [INNA-051](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INNA-051 "INNA-051") [NDV-HXP-S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDV-HXP-S "NDV-HXP-S") [Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaxart_COVID-19_vaccine "Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine") |
| [Virus-like particles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus-like_particle "Virus-like particle") | [ABNCoV2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABNCoV2 "ABNCoV2") [LYB001](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LYB001 "LYB001") [MigVax-101](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MigVax-101 "MigVax-101") [VBI-2902](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBI-2902 "VBI-2902") |
| [Deployment by location](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines "Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines") | |
| | |
| [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in Africa") | [Algeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Algeria "COVID-19 vaccination in Algeria") [Angola](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Angola "COVID-19 vaccination in Angola") [Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Botswana "COVID-19 vaccination in Botswana") [Burkina Faso](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burkina_Faso "COVID-19 vaccination in Burkina Faso") [Burundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burundi "COVID-19 vaccination in Burundi") [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon") [Cape Verde](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cape_Verde "COVID-19 vaccination in Cape Verde") [Cameroon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon "COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon") [Chad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Chad "COVID-19 vaccination in Chad") [Comoros](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Comoros "COVID-19 vaccination in the Comoros") [Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo "COVID-19 vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo") [Djibouti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Djibouti "COVID-19 vaccination in Djibouti") [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Egypt "COVID-19 vaccination in Egypt") [Equatorial Guinea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Equatorial_Guinea "COVID-19 vaccination in Equatorial Guinea") [Eswatini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Eswatini "COVID-19 vaccination in Eswatini") [Ghana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ghana "COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana") [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Morocco "COVID-19 vaccination in Morocco") [Nigeria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nigeria "COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria") [Senegal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Senegal "COVID-19 vaccination in Senegal") [South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa "COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa") [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Zimbabwe "COVID-19 vaccination in Zimbabwe") |
| Asia | [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bangladesh "COVID-19 vaccination in Bangladesh") [Bhutan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bhutan "COVID-19 vaccination in Bhutan") [Mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China "COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China") [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India "COVID-19 vaccination in India") [Indonesia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Indonesia "COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia") [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iran "COVID-19 vaccination in Iran") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Israel "COVID-19 vaccination in Israel") [Japan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Japan "COVID-19 vaccination in Japan") [Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Kazakhstan "COVID-19 vaccination in Kazakhstan") [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia") [Nepal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nepal "COVID-19 vaccination in Nepal") [Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia "COVID-19 vaccination in Russia") [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore "COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore") [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Korea "COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea") [Sri Lanka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sri_Lanka "COVID-19 vaccination in Sri Lanka") [Taiwan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Taiwan "COVID-19 vaccination in Taiwan") [Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand "COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand") [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Turkey "COVID-19 vaccination in Turkey") [United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "COVID-19 vaccination in the United Arab Emirates") [Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Vietnam "COVID-19 vaccination in Vietnam") |
| Europe | [Albania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Albania "COVID-19 vaccination in Albania") [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina "COVID-19 vaccination in Bosnia and Herzegovina") [Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bulgaria "COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria") [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Croatia "COVID-19 vaccination in Croatia") [Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Denmark "COVID-19 vaccination in Denmark") [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_France "COVID-19 vaccination in France") [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Germany "COVID-19 vaccination in Germany") [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Greece "COVID-19 vaccination in Greece") [Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Hungary "COVID-19 vaccination in Hungary") [Iceland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iceland "COVID-19 vaccination in Iceland") [Ireland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland "COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland") [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Italy "COVID-19 vaccination in Italy") [Moldova](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Moldova "COVID-19 vaccination in Moldova") [Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Norway "COVID-19 vaccination in Norway") [Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Portugal "COVID-19 vaccination in Portugal") [Romania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Romania "COVID-19 vaccination in Romania") [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia "COVID-19 vaccination in Russia") [Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Spain "COVID-19 vaccination in Spain") [Sweden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sweden "COVID-19 vaccination in Sweden") [Switzerland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Switzerland "COVID-19 vaccination in Switzerland") [Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ukraine "COVID-19 vaccination in Ukraine") [United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom") |
| North America | [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada "COVID-19 vaccination in Canada") [Ontario](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario "COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario") [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec "COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec") [Haiti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Haiti "COVID-19 vaccination in Haiti") [Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico "COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccination in the United States") [mandates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_the_United_States "COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the United States") |
| Oceania | [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Australia "COVID-19 vaccination in Australia") [Fiji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Fiji "COVID-19 vaccination in Fiji") [New Zealand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_New_Zealand "COVID-19 vaccination in New Zealand") |
| South America | [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Argentina "COVID-19 vaccination in Argentina") [Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Brazil "COVID-19 vaccination in Brazil") [Colombia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Colombia "COVID-19 vaccination in Colombia") [Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Peru "COVID-19 vaccination in Peru") |
| Others | |
| [Treatment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatment_and_management_of_COVID-19 "Treatment and management of COVID-19") | |
| | |
| [Drug development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_drug_development "COVID-19 drug development") [Drug repurposing research](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_drug_repurposing_research "COVID-19 drug repurposing research") [Baricitinib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baricitinib "Baricitinib") [PANORAMIC trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PANORAMIC_trial "PANORAMIC trial") (UK) [RECOVERY Trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RECOVERY_Trial "RECOVERY Trial") (UK) [Solidarity trial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity_trial "Solidarity trial") (WHO) | |
| [Monoclonal antibodies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody "Monoclonal antibody") | [Bamlanivimab/etesevimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamlanivimab/etesevimab "Bamlanivimab/etesevimab") [Bamlanivimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamlanivimab "Bamlanivimab") Etesevimab [Bebtelovimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebtelovimab "Bebtelovimab") [Casirivimab/imdevimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casirivimab/imdevimab "Casirivimab/imdevimab") [Regdanvimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regdanvimab "Regdanvimab") [Sarilumab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarilumab "Sarilumab") [Sotrovimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotrovimab "Sotrovimab") [Tixagevimab/cilgavimab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tixagevimab/cilgavimab "Tixagevimab/cilgavimab") [Tocilizumab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocilizumab "Tocilizumab") |
| [Small molecule antivirals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiviral_drug "Antiviral drug") | [Broad-spectrum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad-spectrum_antiviral_drug "Broad-spectrum antiviral drug") [Ensitrelvir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensitrelvir "Ensitrelvir") [Molnupiravir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molnupiravir "Molnupiravir") Co-packaged [Nirmatrelvir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirmatrelvir "Nirmatrelvir") [ritonavir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir "Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir") |
| [Variants](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2 "Variants of SARS-CoV-2") | |
| | |
| Specific | [Alpha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Alpha_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant") [Beta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Beta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant") [Gamma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Gamma_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant") [Delta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant") [Epsilon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Epsilon_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Epsilon variant") [Zeta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Zeta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant") [Eta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Eta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Eta variant") [Theta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Theta_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Theta variant") [Iota](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Iota_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant") [Kappa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Kappa_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Kappa variant") [Lambda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Lambda_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant") [Mu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Mu_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant") [Omicron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") [timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant "Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant") |
| General | [Cluster 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_5 "Cluster 5") [Lineage B.1.617](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_lineage_B.1.617 "SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.617") [Variant of concern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_variant_of_concern "SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern") |
| Institutions | |
| | |
| Hospitals and medical clinics | |
| | |
| Mainland China | [Central Hospital of Wuhan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Hospital_of_Wuhan "Central Hospital of Wuhan") [Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabie_Mountain_Regional_Medical_Centre "Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre") [Fangcang hospitals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangcang_hospital "Fangcang hospital") [Huoshenshan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huoshenshan_Hospital "Huoshenshan Hospital") [Leishenshan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leishenshan_Hospital "Leishenshan Hospital") [Xinjia Express Hotel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collapse_of_Xinjia_Express_Hotel "Collapse of Xinjia Express Hotel") [Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Jinyintan_Hospital "Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital") |
| Others | [Hospital ships](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_ships_designated_for_the_COVID-19_pandemic "Hospital ships designated for the COVID-19 pandemic") [Garran Surge Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garran_Surge_Centre "Garran Surge Centre") (Australia) [Hospital El Salvador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_El_Salvador "Hospital El Salvador") [Kemayoran Athletes Village](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemayoran_Athletes_Village "Kemayoran Athletes Village") (Indonesia) [Pyongyang General Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyongyang_General_Hospital "Pyongyang General Hospital") (North Korea) [Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Agro_Exposition_Park_Serdang "Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang") (Malaysia) [Mega Ligtas COVID Centers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega_Ligtas_COVID_Centers "Mega Ligtas COVID Centers") (Philippines) [Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandakadu_Treatment_and_Rehabilitation_Centre "Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre") (Sri Lanka) [Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancaktepe_Prof._Dr._Feriha_%C3%96z_Emergency_Hospital "Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital") (Turkey) [Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filk%C3%B6y_Prof._Dr._Murat_Dilmener_Emergency_Hospital "Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital") (Turkey) [COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_hospitals_in_the_United_Kingdom "COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom") [Birmingham](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Birmingham "NHS Nightingale Hospital Birmingham") [London](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_London "NHS Nightingale Hospital London") [North East](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_East "NHS Nightingale Hospital North East") [North West](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_West "NHS Nightingale Hospital North West") [Yorkshire and the Humber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Yorkshire_and_the_Humber "NHS Nightingale Hospital Yorkshire and the Humber") [NHS Louisa Jordan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS_Louisa_Jordan "NHS Louisa Jordan") (Scotland) [Dragon's Heart Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon%27s_Heart_Hospital "Dragon's Heart Hospital") (Wales) |
| Organizations | |
| | |
| [National Cabinet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Cabinet_\(Australia\) "National Cabinet (Australia)") (Australia) [ScienceUpFirst](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ScienceUpFirst "ScienceUpFirst") (Canada) [Wuhan Institute of Virology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Institute_of_Virology "Wuhan Institute of Virology") (China) [Independent SAGE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_SAGE "Independent SAGE") (United Kingdom) | |
| Health institutes | [Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention "Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention") (African Union) [Ghana Infectious Disease Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Infectious_Disease_Centre "Ghana Infectious Disease Centre") (Ghana) [Department of Health (Hong Kong)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Health_\(Hong_Kong\) "Department of Health (Hong Kong)") [Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Disease_Control_and_Prevention_Agency "Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency") (South Korea) [National Institute for Communicable Diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Institute_for_Communicable_Diseases "National Institute for Communicable Diseases") (South Africa) [Taiwan Centers for Disease Control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Centers_for_Disease_Control "Taiwan Centers for Disease Control") (Taiwan) |
| Pandemic institutes | [National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_COVID-19_Commission_Advisory_Board "National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board") (Australia) [COVID-19 Immunity Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Immunity_Task_Force "COVID-19 Immunity Task Force") (Canada) [COVID-19 Supply Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Supply_Council "COVID-19 Supply Council") (Canada) [PREPARE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PREPARE "PREPARE") (European Union) [National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Expert_Group_on_Vaccine_Administration_for_COVID-19 "National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19") (India) [COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Response_Acceleration_Task_Force "COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force") (Indonesia) [National Public Health Emergency Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Public_Health_Emergency_Team_\(2020\) "National Public Health Emergency Team (2020)") (Ireland) [Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel_Coronavirus_Expert_Meeting "Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting") (Japan) [Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_Preparedness_and_Response_Centre "Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre") (Malaysia) [Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee "Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee") (Philippines) [Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Agency_Task_Force_for_the_Management_of_Emerging_Infectious_Diseases "Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases") (Philippines) [Central Epidemic Command Center](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Epidemic_Command_Center "Central Epidemic Command Center") (Taiwan) [Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_Scientific_Advisory_Board "Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board") (Turkey) [COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Genomics_UK_Consortium "COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium") (United Kingdom) [Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team "Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team") (United Kingdom) [Joint Biosecurity Centre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Biosecurity_Centre "Joint Biosecurity Centre") (United Kingdom) [Vaccine Taskforce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_Taskforce "Vaccine Taskforce") (United Kingdom) [COVID-19 Advisory Board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_Advisory_Board "COVID-19 Advisory Board") (United States) [Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_American_Economic_Revival_Industry_Groups "Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups") (United States) [White House Coronavirus Task Force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force "White House Coronavirus Task Force") (United States) [White House COVID-19 Response Team](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_Response_Team "White House COVID-19 Response Team") (United States) [GACH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GACH "GACH") (Uruguay) |
| Relief funds | [PM CARES Fund](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund "PM CARES Fund") (India) [Artist Relief](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artist_Relief "Artist Relief") (United States) |
| People | |
| | |
| Medical professionals | [Ai Fen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai_Fen "Ai Fen") [Corona Rintawan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_Rintawan "Corona Rintawan") [Li Wenliang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Wenliang "Li Wenliang") [Liu Wen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Wen_\(doctor\) "Liu Wen (doctor)") [Xie Linka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xie_Linka "Xie Linka") [Zhang Wenhong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Wenhong "Zhang Wenhong") |
| [Researchers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Coronavirus_researchers "Category:Coronavirus researchers") | [Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awang_Bulgiba_Awang_Mahmud "Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud") [Roberto Burioni](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Burioni "Roberto Burioni") [Chen Wei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Wei_\(medical_scientist\) "Chen Wei (medical scientist)") [Kizzmekia Corbett](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizzmekia_Corbett "Kizzmekia Corbett") [Andrea Crisanti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Crisanti_\(scientist\) "Andrea Crisanti (scientist)") [Peter Daszak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Daszak "Peter Daszak") [Christian Drosten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Drosten "Christian Drosten") [Neil Ferguson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Ferguson_\(epidemiologist\) "Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)") [Dale Fisher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale_Fisher "Dale Fisher") [George F. Gao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_F._Gao "George F. Gao") [Azra Ghani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azra_Ghani "Azra Ghani") [Sarah Gilbert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Gilbert "Sarah Gilbert") [Guan Yi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_Yi "Guan Yi") [Kentaro Iwata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentaro_Iwata "Kentaro Iwata") [Katalin Karikó](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3 "Katalin Karikó") [Matt Keeling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Keeling "Matt Keeling") [Trudie Lang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trudie_Lang "Trudie Lang") [Li Lanjuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Lanjuan "Li Lanjuan") [W. Ian Lipkin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Ian_Lipkin "W. Ian Lipkin") [Ma Xiaowei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Xiaowei "Ma Xiaowei") [Shabir Madhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabir_Madhi "Shabir Madhi") [Allison McGeer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allison_McGeer "Allison McGeer") [Camilla Rothe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camilla_Rothe "Camilla Rothe") [Shi Zhengli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi_Zhengli "Shi Zhengli") [Moncef Slaoui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moncef_Slaoui "Moncef Slaoui") [Mike Tildesley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Tildesley "Mike Tildesley") [John Todd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Todd_\(British_biologist\) "John Todd (British biologist)") [Wang Chen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Chen_\(physician\) "Wang Chen (physician)") [Wang Guangfa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Guangfa "Wang Guangfa") [Drew Weissman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drew_Weissman "Drew Weissman") [Yuen Kwok-yung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuen_Kwok-yung "Yuen Kwok-yung") [Zeng Guang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeng_Guang "Zeng Guang") [Zhang Jixian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Jixian "Zhang Jixian") [Zhang Yongzhen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Yongzhen "Zhang Yongzhen") [Zhong Nanshan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhong_Nanshan "Zhong Nanshan") |
| Officials | |
| | |
| WHO | [Tedros Adhanom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus "Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus") (Director-General of the WHO) [Bruce Aylward](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Aylward "Bruce Aylward") (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission) [Maria Van Kerkhove](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Van_Kerkhove "Maria Van Kerkhove") (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response) [Michael J. Ryan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_J._Ryan_\(doctor\) "Michael J. Ryan (doctor)") (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme) |
| By location | [Frank Atherton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Atherton "Frank Atherton") (Wales) [Ashley Bloomfield](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashley_Bloomfield "Ashley Bloomfield") (New Zealand) [Catherine Calderwood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Calderwood "Catherine Calderwood") (Scotland) [Chang Shan-chwen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang_Shan-chwen "Chang Shan-chwen") (Taiwan) [Anutin Charnvirakul](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anutin_Charnvirakul "Anutin Charnvirakul") (Thailand) [Chen Shih-chung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Shih-chung "Chen Shih-chung") (Taiwan) [Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuang_Yin-ching "Chuang Yin-ching") (Taiwan) [Victor Costache](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Costache "Victor Costache") (Romania) [Fabrizio Curcio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabrizio_Curcio "Fabrizio Curcio") (Italy) [Carmen Deseda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmen_Deseda "Carmen Deseda") (Puerto Rico) [Jaap van Dissel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaap_van_Dissel "Jaap van Dissel") (the Netherlands) [Christian Drosten](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Drosten "Christian Drosten") (Germany) [Francisco Duque III](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Duque_III "Francisco Duque III") (Philippines) [Anthony Fauci](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Fauci "Anthony Fauci") (United States) [Francesco Paolo Figliuolo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Paolo_Figliuolo "Francesco Paolo Figliuolo") (Italy) [Graça Freitas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Freitas "Graça Freitas") (Portugal) [Henrique Gouveia e Melo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrique_Gouveia_e_Melo "Henrique Gouveia e Melo") (Portugal) [Matt Hancock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Hancock "Matt Hancock") (United Kingdom) [Hamad Hasan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamad_Hasan "Hamad Hasan") (Lebanon) [Greg Hunt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Hunt "Greg Hunt") (Australia) [Tony Holohan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Holohan "Tony Holohan") (Ireland) [Jeong Eun-kyeong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeong_Eun-kyeong "Jeong Eun-kyeong") (South Korea) [Fahrettin Koca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrettin_Koca "Fahrettin Koca") (Turkey) [Li Keqiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Keqiang "Li Keqiang") (China) [Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_L%C3%B3pez-Gatell_Ram%C3%ADrez "Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez") (Mexico) [Michael McBride](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McBride_\(doctor\) "Michael McBride (doctor)") (Northern Ireland) [Oriol Mitjà](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriol_Mitj%C3%A0 "Oriol Mitjà") (Andorra) [Zweli Mkhize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweli_Mkhize "Zweli Mkhize") (South Africa) [Doni Monardo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doni_Monardo "Doni Monardo") (Indonesia) [Alma Möller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_M%C3%B6ller "Alma Möller") (Iceland) [Saeed Namaki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeed_Namaki "Saeed Namaki") (Iran) [Ala Nemerenco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ala_Nemerenco "Ala Nemerenco") (Moldova) [Nguyễn Thanh Long](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Thanh_Long "Nguyễn Thanh Long") (Vietnam) [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah "Noor Hisham Abdullah") (Malaysia) [Ali Pilli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Pilli "Ali Pilli") (Northern Cyprus) [Daniel Salinas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Salinas "Daniel Salinas") (Uruguay) [Jérôme Salomon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Salomon "Jérôme Salomon") (France) [Fernando Simón](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Sim%C3%B3n "Fernando Simón") (Spain) [Gregor Smith](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Smith "Gregor Smith") (Scotland) [Su Ih-jen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Ih-jen "Su Ih-jen") (Taiwan) [Łukasz Szumowski](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81ukasz_Szumowski "Łukasz Szumowski") (Poland) [Theresa Tam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theresa_Tam "Theresa Tam") (Canada) [Anders Tegnell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders_Tegnell "Anders Tegnell") (Sweden) [Þórólfur Guðnason](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%B3r%C3%B3lfur_Gu%C3%B0nason "Þórólfur Guðnason") (Iceland) [Sotiris Tsiodras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotiris_Tsiodras "Sotiris Tsiodras") (Greece) [Harsh Vardhan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harsh_Vardhan_\(Delhi_politician\) "Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)") (India) [Víðir Reynisson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0ir_Reynisson "Víðir Reynisson") (Iceland) [Carla Vizzotti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carla_Vizzotti "Carla Vizzotti") (Argentina) [Vlad Voiculescu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad_Voiculescu "Vlad Voiculescu") (Romania) [Chris Whitty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Whitty "Chris Whitty") (United Kingdom) [Lawrence Wong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Wong "Lawrence Wong") (Singapore) [Jeff Zients](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Zients "Jeff Zients") (United States) |
| Others | [Chen Qiushi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Qiushi "Chen Qiushi") [Brett Crozier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Crozier "Brett Crozier") [Fang Bin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_Bin "Fang Bin") [Fang Fang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_Fang "Fang Fang") [Joseph Ashitey Hammond](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Ashitey_Hammond "Joseph Ashitey Hammond") [Li Zehua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zehua "Li Zehua") [Captain Tom Moore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_Tom_Moore "Captain Tom Moore") [Qiu Menghuang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiu_Menghuang "Qiu Menghuang") [Ren Zhiqiang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren_Zhiqiang "Ren Zhiqiang") |
| [List of deaths due to COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deaths_due_to_COVID-19 "List of deaths due to COVID-19") | |
| Data (templates) | |
| | |
| Global | WHO situation reports [cases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases "COVID-19 pandemic cases") [deaths](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_deaths "COVID-19 pandemic deaths") [World map by countries: confirmed per capita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic") |
| Asia | [Armenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Armenia_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Armenia medical cases chart") [Artsakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Republic_of_Artsakh_medical_cases_chart "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Republic of Artsakh medical cases chart") China [confirmed per capita](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mainland_China_medical_cases_map_\(dots\) "Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mainland China medical cases map (dots)") |
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Malaysian movement control order
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| Readable Markdown | | Malaysia Movement Control Order | |
|---|---|
| Part of the [COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") | |
| [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ops_Covid19_Tentera_Mula_Operasi_Bantu_Pdrm_Di_Shah_Alam.png)Police checkpoint in [Shah Alam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Alam "Shah Alam"), 22 March 2020 | |
| Date | 18 March 2020 – 31 December 2021 (1 year, 9 months, 1 week and 6 days) |
| Location | [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") |
| Caused by | [COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia") |
| Goals | Containment of the pandemic |
| Methods | Prohibition of movement and mass assembly nationwide, including all religious, sports, social and cultural activities. All religious activities in mosques suspended, including Friday prayers Malaysians barred from leaving the country, and restrictions placed on the entry of non-Malaysians into the country All industries local or federal are closed except for infrastructure services and supermarkets, wet markets, grocery stores and multi-functional stores selling daily necessities All nurseries, government and private schools, including boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres, primary, secondary and pre-university education institutions, public and private universities, and vocational training centres closed |
| Status | Completely lifted |
| Casualties | |
| Arrested | 24,081 (As of 3 May 2020)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-1) |
"Movement control order" redirects here. For other uses, see [Stay-at-home order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order").
The **Movement Control Order** ([Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language"): *Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Kerajaan Malaysia*), commonly referred to as the **MCO** or ***PKP***, was a series of national [quarantine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine "Quarantine") and *[cordon sanitaire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordon_sanitaire_\(medicine\) "Cordon sanitaire (medicine)")* measures implemented by the [federal government](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Malaysia "Government of Malaysia") of [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") in response to the [COVID-19 pandemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia"). The orders were commonly referred to in local and international media as "[lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns")".
Beginning on 18 March 2020,[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-2) the MCO was enforced nationwide and encompassed restrictions on movement, assembly and international travel, and mandated the closure of business, industry, government and educational institutions to curb the spread of [SARS-CoV-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2 "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2"), the virus that causes [COVID-19](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-3) These measures were periodically relaxed and strengthened throughout the following 19 months in response to the changing epidemiology of the disease. Movement control orders were also localised to specific [states and federal territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_federal_territories_of_Malaysia "States and federal territories of Malaysia") or smaller areas. The Movement Control Order was included in the National Recovery Plan ([Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language"): *Pelan Pemulihan Negara*, shortened to NRP/*PPN*) launched in June 2021.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-4)
In October 2021, the Malaysian government lifted movement control restrictions for [vaccinated people](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia") and announced its intention to treat COVID-19 as an [endemic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_\(epidemiology\) "Endemic (epidemiology)") disease.[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-5)
| Phase | Date |
|---|---|
| Movement Control Order (MCO/*PKP*, 18 March 2020 – 3 May 2020) | |
| Phase 1 | 18 March 2020 – 31 March 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 1 April 2020 – 14 April 2020 |
| Phase 3 | 15 April 2020 – 28 April 2020 |
| Phase 4 | 29 April 2020 – 3 May 2020 |
| Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO/*PKPB*, 4 May 2020 – 9 June 2020) | |
| Phase 1 | 4 May 2020 – 12 May 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 13 May 2020 – 9 June 2020 |
| Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO/*PKPP*, 10 June 2020 – 31 March 2021) | |
| Phase 1 | 10 June 2020 – 31 August 2020 |
| Phase 2 | 1 September 2020 – 31 December 2020 |
| Phase 3 | 1 January 2021 – 31 March 2021 |
| MCO by states (13 January 2021 – 31 May 2021) | |
| Each states switch between MCO, CMCO, RMCO, EMCO, and semi-EMCO depending on the COVID-19 condition in each states. | |
| Total lockdown (1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021) | |
| National Recovery Plan (NRP/*PPN*, 15 June 2021 – 31 December 2021)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-ppn-2021-6) | |
| Phase 1 | 1 June 2021 – 1 October 2021[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-may-28-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) |
| Phase 1 (FMCO) | 1 June 2021 – 28 June 2021[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-9) |
| Phase 2 | 5 July 2021 (began early with Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak)[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-5states-5Jul-10) |
| 7 July 2021 (Penang)[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11) | |
| 10 July 2021 (Sabah)[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sabah-10Jul-12) | |
| 14 July 2021 (Sarawak)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) | |
| 26 August 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Aug26-n9-labuan-14) | |
| 4 September 2021 (Malacca)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15) | |
| 10 September 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya)[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep-16) | |
| 24 September 2021 (Johor)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 1 October 2021 (Kedah)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) | |
| **Period:** 5 July 2021 – 18 October 2021 *Note: No official announcement was made for Labuan.* | |
| Phase 3 | 4 August 2021 (began early with Perlis, Sarawak and Labuan)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase3-sarawak-labuan-perlis-4Aug-18) |
| 4 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15) | |
| 17 September 2021 (Terengganu)[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-19) | |
| 24 September 2021 (Pahang)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 1 October 2021 (Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Malacca)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8) | |
| 8 October 2021 (Johor)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:2-20) | |
| 18 October 2021 (Kelantan, Perak, Penang, Sabah, Kedah)[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21) | |
| **Period:** 4 August 2021 – 3 January 2022 | |
| Phase 4 | 26 August 2021 (began early with Labuan)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Aug26-n9-labuan-14) |
| 24 September 2021 (Negeri Sembilan)[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17) | |
| 8 October 2021 (Pahang)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Pahang_MB_reminds_people_in_state-22)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:2-20) | |
| 18 October 2021 (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, Malacca)[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21) | |
| 25 October 2021 (Johor, Terengganu)[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-23) | |
| 8 November 2021 (Sabah, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Oriental-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysiakini.com-25) | |
| 3 January 2022 (Sarawak, Kelantan)[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-26) | |
On 16 March 2020, Prime Minister [Muhyiddin Yassin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin "Muhyiddin Yassin") made an official speech and officially promulgated the movement control order under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 and the Police Act 1967.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-27) The order included the following restrictions:
1. General prohibition of mass movements and gatherings across the country including religious, sports, social and cultural activities. To enforce this prohibition, all houses of worship and business premises would be closed, except for supermarkets, public markets, grocery stores and convenience stores selling everyday necessities. Specifically for Muslims, the adjournment of all religious activities in mosques including [Friday prayers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_prayer "Friday prayer") would be in line with the decision made on 15 March 2020 by the Special Muzakarah Meeting of the National Council for Islamic Affairs.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
2. Sanctions covering all Malaysians travelling abroad. For those who have just returned from overseas, they would be required to undergo a health check and a 14-day quarantine (or self-quarantine).[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
3. Restrictions on the entry of all tourists and foreign visitors into the country.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
4. Closure of all kindergartens, government and private schools including daily schools, boarding schools, international schools, tahfiz centres and another primary, secondary and pre-university institutions.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
5. Closure of all public and private higher education institutions (IPTs) and skills training institutes nationwide.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
6. Closure of all government and private premises except those involved in essential services (water, electricity, energy, telecommunications, postal, transportation, irrigation, oil, gas, fuel, lubricants, broadcasting, finance, banking, health, pharmacy, fire, prison, port, airport, safety, defence, cleaning, retail and food supply).[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-MCO_contents-28)
On 18 March, Malaysia began the implementation the movement control order. On 25 March, the prime minister through a live national broadcast announced a first extension of the MCO to last until 14 April.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-29)[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-30)
There were, however, considerations of a further lockdown until late April or May as the number of cases in Malaysia is expected to peak in mid-April, according to the [World Health Organization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization "World Health Organization") (WHO).[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-31)[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-32) On 8 April, Health Director-General [Noor Hisham Abdullah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah "Noor Hisham Abdullah") said that the health ministry was having a discussion with the nation's cabinet regarding the possible extension of the MCO, with the decision of the MCO's duration to be announced no later than Friday.[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-33)[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-34) On 10 April, the prime minister announced a second extension of the MCO by another fortnight until 28 April, noting that his decision was to give space to the healthcare personnels battling the COVID-19 outbreak, apart from preventing the virus from spreading again and to avoid another increase of cases if the MCO is lifted too early.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-35) On the night of 23 April, Muhyiddin announced a third extension of the MCO by two weeks till 12 May, with the possibility of further extensions.[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-36)
The [Royal Malaysia Police](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Malaysia_Police "Royal Malaysia Police") (PDRM) initially warned that violators of the MCO's regulation may be subjected to various penalties under the [Penal Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_Code_\(Malaysia\) "Penal Code (Malaysia)").[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-37) However, on 18 March, the chamber of the [Attorney General](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Malaysia "Attorney General of Malaysia") released a federal gazette specific to the control order, where violations can be fined up to [RM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgit "Malaysian ringgit")1,000 ([US\$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar "United States dollar")229\) and/or jailed not more than six months or both.[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-38) On 14 April, Senior Minister Datuk Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") stated that compounds will no longer be issued by the police from the next day as the penalties were ineffective on reducing MCO violations, and offenders will be arrested and remanded instead.[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-39)
Except for travel to [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak"), a written police permit with a valid reason was originally planned to be required for interstate travel during the MCO.[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-40) As a result, large crowds were reported to have gathered at police stations for permits hours before the travel restriction was in effect. Concerned that the crowding will exacerbate the spread of COVID-19, PDRM called off the permit plan a few hours before the MCO, until further notice.[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-41)
During the MCO, PDRM conducted road blocks operations (codenamed "Ops COVID-19") along key points across the country,[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-42) to monitor travellers and warn them to stay home and abide by the order.[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-44)[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-45) From 22 March, [Malaysia's military forces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Armed_Forces "Malaysian Armed Forces") were mobilised to augment PDRM's MCO operations; as of April, approximately 7,000 military personnel were deployed to assist.[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-46)[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-47) From 4 May, in line with the Conditional MCO, PDRM is planning to reduce roadblocks nationwide to focus on social distancing enforcements as well as curbing the entry of illegal immigrants and smuggling activities.[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-48)
On 20 March, [RapidKL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidKL "RapidKL") trains had an extended waiting time of 10 minutes, from the previous duration of 3–8 minutes.[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-49)
On 30 March, the national government designated that all businesses such as supermarkets and restaurants, including [food delivery services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_delivery "Food delivery") can only be operated from 8 am till 8 pm starting from 1 April.[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-50) Sarawak, however, insisted on its operation time of 7 am till 7 pm, citing that Sarawak's daylight is earlier than in West Malaysia.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-51) Further measures were instilled starting from 1 April; a person must not be accompanied with other people during travel, a 10 km travel radius for all travellers and the banning of all types of gatherings except for funerals, however the attendees must be kept to a minimum.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-52) People who travel for medical purposes are exempted from companion rule and the travel radius.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-53)
All levels of supply chains regarding [agricultural](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Malaysia "Agriculture in Malaysia") and fishing industries are allowed to be in operation throughout the order.[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-54) On 10 April, the Malaysian government gave permissions to certain businesses to operate during the order to ensure the sustainability of the country's economy, to prevent the loss of jobs among Malaysians and to ensure continuous access to basic needs and critical products.[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-55)
The Malaysian Government had eased lockdown restrictions on 4 May under a "conditional MCO," which allowed certain business sectors to resume operations. On 10 May Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced in a live broadcast, that the CMCO will be extended until 9 June, the fourth extension since 18 March. Muhyiddin Yassin clarified that all rules and standard operating procedures (SOPs) introduced during the conditional MCO would remain in force until 9 June and that any changes to the SOPs or the list of sectors allowed to operate will be announced. There will be a ban on interstate movement during the Hari Raya Aidilfitri, the Kaamatan Feast and Hari Gawai holiday periods.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-56)[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-57)
### Enhanced Movement Control Order
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=3 "Edit section: Enhanced Movement Control Order")\]
From 27 March 2020, specific locations were subjected to a [stay-at-home order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order"), known as the "Enhanced Movement Control Order" (EMCO or Enhanced MCO), for 14 days if a large cluster was detected within the area for the government to conduct a thorough COVID-19 test towards all residents, and to curb the spread of the virus out of the areas. The orders included:[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:0-58)
- All residents and visitors within the area are forbidden from exiting their homes during the order;
- non-residents and visitors outside the area cannot enter into the area subjected to the order;
- All businesses are shut down;
- adequate food supplies will be given by the authorities during the 14 day-order to all residents;
- a medical base will be established within the area;
- All roads into the area are blocked.
On 27 March, two areas in [Simpang Renggam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpang_Renggam "Simpang Renggam"), Johor were subjected to the order till 9 April as those areas alone contributed to a high 61 positive cases.[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:0-58) On 30 March, this order is applied to a few hamlets in Sungai Lui, [Hulu Langat District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulu_Langat_District "Hulu Langat District"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor") due to a detection of a cluster involving a [madrasa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasa "Madrasa") with 71 positive cases.[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-59) City One, a residential complex in Jalan Munshi Abdullah, Kuala Lumpur which its residents are mainly foreign workers was subjected to the extended order on 31 March as 17 cases involving residents of the tower were detected.[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-60) Selangor Mansion and Malayan Mansion, apartment buildings located at Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur, were subjected to EMCOs on 7 April, as 15 positive cases were detected within the two buildings,[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-61) while Jalan Masjid India and its surrounding areas were subjected to EMCOs on 14 April.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-62) Similarly, an EMCO order was placed for over 15,000 residents living around the Kuala Lumpur Wholesale Market in [Selayang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayang "Selayang") on 20 April until 3 May, following the detection of 20 cases and one fatality from the area.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-63)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jalan_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman,_Kuala_Lumpur_during_Extended_Movement_Control_order_due_to_Coronavirus_pandemic_02.jpg)
Masjid India of Kuala Lumpur completely sealed off during EMCO
On 6 April, Malaysia's Defence Minister, Datuk Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob"), suggested that the government is planning for a new standard operating procedure regarding the EMCO and the government tried to not impose an excessively wide radius towards areas subjected to the EMCO.[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-64)
On 9 November, the Government extended the Enhanced Movement Control Order over several areas in Sabah, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Sarawak in response to a spike in cases nationwide.[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-65)
### Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=4 "Edit section: Semi Enhanced Movement Control Order")\]
From 14 May 2020, Pudu area in Kuala Lumpur comes under semi enhanced movement control order (SEMCO). Soldiers and police put up barbed wire fences at road exits. It is understood that besides Jalan Pudu, the affected roads are Jalan Kancil, Jalan Pasar, Jalan Landak, Lorong Brunei 2 and Lorong Brunei 3. Several busy commercial districts in the Klang Valley have been put under various lockdowns, including the enhanced movement control order (EMCO).\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
### Relaxation of restrictions
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=5 "Edit section: Relaxation of restrictions")\]
As the number of daily cases and active cases of COVID-19 reduced in Malaysia by mid-April 2020, the government had relaxed several measures of the MCO. [Transport Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Transport (Malaysia)") Dr [Wee Ka Siong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wee_Ka_Siong "Wee Ka Siong") confirmed that all public transportation services would resume on 4 May but would abide by social distancing measures.[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-66) On 30 April, the Government announced that two family members will be allowed to buy food and other daily essentials as part of the relaxation of MCO restrictions.[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-67)
On 21 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that couples whose marriage registration had been delayed as a result of the Movement Control Order could not complete the process at all permitted NGOs in the country including clan organisations, temples, churches, and religious bodies.[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-68)
#### Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=6 "Edit section: Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO)")\]
Muhyiddin Yassin in his Labour Day speech on 1 May 2020 announced a plan named the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO or Conditional MCO), a relaxation of regulations regarding the MCO, with its main goal was to reopen the national economy in a controlled manner.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO-69) The CMCO was scheduled to start from 4 May.[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO-69) The regulations of the CMCO as stated in his speech included:[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-70)
- most economic sectors and activities are allowed to operate while observing the business standard operating procedures such as social distancing and recording the names and telephone numbers of customers and the dates of their visit;
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tung_Shin_Hospital_during_Covid-19_in_May_2020.jpg)
QR Code to be scanned before entering [Tung Shin Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tung_Shin_Hospital "Tung Shin Hospital") Kuala Lumpur (Code leads to [this online form](https://web.archive.org/web/20200523162228/https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfGOKq4nwfwGRJ5QjR0d5dPTTx7NcmUUGEFQm2-Xca_z9-nfA/viewform))
- sports activities involving large gatherings, body contact and other risks of infection are not allowed, including all indoor and stadium sports events. Outdoor sports activities which do not involve body contact, in small groups without an audience and involving not more than 10 persons are allowed on the condition that social distancing is practised;
- social, community and cultural events which involve large gatherings as well as all types of official events and assemblies are not permitted. Religious activities and all congregational or assembly activities in houses of worship are not allowed;
- interstate travel, including the *[balik kampung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balik_kampung "Balik kampung")* tradition for the oncoming [Eid al-Fitr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr "Eid al-Fitr") is not allowed except for work purposes and to return home after being stranded in the hometowns or elsewhere.
However, the CMCO received mixed reactions among state governments around Malaysia.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71) The states of [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan"), [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah") and [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak") decided to not implement the CMCO by 4 May, either to give way to discussions regarding the implications of reopening economic sections towards the future trend of Malaysia's pandemic or to secure the positive development of the pandemic.[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO2-72) The governments of [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor") and [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak") restricted some business sectors operating during the CMCO while [Negeri Sembilan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan "Negeri Sembilan") only allowed economic sectors to reopen.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71)[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CMCO2-72) The government of [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang") on the other hand had implemented a three-phase gradual reopening till 13 May.[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-:1-71)
The CMCO received backlash by politicians, health experts and the general public over concerns of a possible resurgence of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia due to the seemingly reckless and unnecessary relaxation of the MCO; the federal government responded by stating that the CMCO is stricter than relaxation measures taken in other countries.[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-73)[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-74) By 3 May, over 420,000 members of the public had signed a petition of objection to the conditional MCO and urging the government to stay with the MCO.[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-75)
On 7 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would be reinstating the CMCO throughout most of Peninsular Malaysia except Kelantan, Perlis, and Pahang between 9 November and 6 December 2020. Besides, CMCO measures for Sabah, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya, which were scheduled to end on 9 November, were extended until 6 December. Under these new CMCO measures, all educational institutions, social and cultural activities will be required to cease but economic activities can continue under set standard operating procedures.[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-76)
On 13 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian Government would allow three people from the same household per car, easing an earlier CMCO restriction limiting cars to just two people following a public backlash.[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-77)
On 20 November, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob approved a domestic travel bubble programme within green zones. He also announced the elimination of CMCO restrictions in the states of [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), and [Terengganu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu "Terengganu") with the exception of certain districts.[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-78)
On 5 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end for most states except Sabah, Kuala Lumpur, most of Selangor, and parts of Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Kelantan and Perak; where the CMCO would be extended until 20 December.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Interstate_travel_6_Dec_2020-79)
On 7 December, the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)") lifted the cap on the number of diners allowed to share tables at restaurants in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) including Kuala Lumpur.[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-80)
On 18 December, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and much of Selangor with the exception of [Sabak Bernam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabak_Bernam "Sabak Bernam"), [Hulu Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulu_Selangor "Hulu Selangor"), and [Kuala Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Selangor "Kuala Selangor") from 21 December to 31 December 2020.[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-81) In addition, the CMCO was extended in Sabah and several districts in Negri Sembilan, Johor, Penang, and Perak until 31 December. Meanwhile, the CMCO in certain districts of Kedah and Kelantan will revert to Recovery Movement Control Order on 20 December.[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-82)
On 28 December, the National Security Council extended the CMCO in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor from 1 January until 14 January in response to a surge in cases and clusters in those areas.[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-83)
#### Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=7 "Edit section: Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO)")\]
On 7 June 2020, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that the Conditional Movement Control Order would end on 9 June, with the country entering into the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) phase between 10 June and 31 August.[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-84) The Prime Minister also announced that interstate travel would be allowed from 10 June under the RMCO except in areas remaining under the Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO).[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-85)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MNHKPD_Friday_prayer_during_MCO_-_20200619_-_6.jpg)
Praying spots for prayer attendees are marked with masking tapes and placed a metre away from each other at the Kampung Pandan Dalam Nurul Hidayah Mosque, Selangor.
In most areas, certain religious activities at mosques are allowed again, but with many restrictions. In [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), for example, Muslims are only allowed to go to certain mosques for Friday prayers after receiving an invitation from the mosque authorities, or after having their application accepted by the religious authorities. The number of attendees is also restricted to 40, and then later to 150 people only,[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-86) as they are instructed to bring their own prayer mats and only sit within their own prepared spaces, distanced a metre away from each other. In Kuala Lumpur, several mosques operated on a 'first-come, first-served' policy.[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-87)
On 26 June, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that sectors under the purview of the [Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism,_Arts_and_Culture "Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture") such as meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions, travel and trade fairs, as well as a spa, wellness and reflexology centres would be allowed to open from 1 July. However, tourism businesses are required to abide by social distancing measures, limit crowds to 200–250 people, check customers' temperatures, wear face masks, and provide hand sanitizer. While reflexology centres provided by the blind are allowed to reopen, only Malaysians can work in spas, wellness, and reflexology centres. Ismail Sabri also announced that tuition centres, special education schools and private schools would be allowed to operate soon.[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-88)
On 29 June, it was reported that both government and private pre-schools, kindergartens, nurseries and daycare centres would resume operations from 1 July. Under the RMCO, a range of businesses and activities have been allowed to resume operations including spas, wellness and foot massage centres, cinemas, meetings, seminars, weddings, birthdays, and religious gatherings. Besides, swimming in public, hotel, condominium, gated community and private pools have also been allowed.[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-89)
On 3 July, Religious Affairs Minister in the [Prime Minister's Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Department_\(Malaysia\) "Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)") Dr [Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulkifli_Mohamad_Al-Bakri "Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri") clarified that foreigners would not be allowed to attend congregational prayers at mosques and surau until the department had studied reports from the [Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_Territories_Islamic_Religious_Department&action=edit&redlink=1 "Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department (page does not exist)") regarding the situation. Zulkifli expressed hope that the situation would be resolved within a month or two.[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-90)
On 10 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that family entertainment centres including game arcades, karaoke centres, indoor funfairs, edutainment centres for children, and kids' gymnasiums could resume operations from 15 July.[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-91)
On 28 August, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced the extension of the RMCO by a further 4 months until 31 December 2020.[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-92)[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-93)[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-94)
On 1 January 2021, Senior Minister Dato Seri [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the RMCO has been extended to 31 March 2021 as cases are still high.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-95)
On 5 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Government would allow unrestricted interstate travel across states and districts from 7 December with the exception of areas under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO), which will still require a police permit.[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Interstate_travel_6_Dec_2020-79)
### Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=9 "Edit section: Reinstatement of MCO restrictions, January–February 2021")\]
On 11 January 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that Movement Control Order restrictions would be re-introduced to the states of [Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), [Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah") and the [federal territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur"), [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya"), and [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") between 13 until 26 January 2021. It was dubbed as MCO 2.0 widely. These restrictions include:\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
- Banning travel between states and districts;
- Limiting travel 10 km away from homes;
- Stay at home orders;
- Only allowing two people per household to travel in cars and buy groceries;
- Banning social gatherings including weddings, seminars, and sports;
- Eateries and hawker stalls can only provide takeaway services and deliveries;
- Only five essential economic sectors allowed to operate: manufacturing, construction, services (including supermarkets, banks and health services), trade and distribution and plantations;
- Outdoor recreational activities limited to people from the same household;
- Non-essential workers must conduct [remote work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_work "Remote work"); and
- Five person limit at mosques and other places of worship.[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-96)
On 15 January, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that MCO restrictions would be reimposed on [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan") and [Sibu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibu "Sibu"), [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak") between 16 and 29 January in response to a surge of cases.[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-97) On 21 January, several betting outlets in peninsular Malaysia and Sabah announced they were closing until 4 February to comply with the Government's new Movement Control Order.[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-98)
On 21 January, Senior Defence Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the Government would be allowing restaurants, food stalls and food deliveries in states under the MCO to operate until 10 pm starting 22 January, easing a week-long rule of only allowing operations to run until 8 pm.[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-99) On 21 January, the Malaysian Government extended the country's MCO restrictions in Selangor, Penang, Johor, Malacca, Sabah and the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan until 4 February due to a continuation of rising cases and deaths.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-100)
On 2 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob extended MCO restrictions over all states except Sarawak from 5 to 18 February 2021.[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-101) On 4 February, Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that three business activities night markets, hair salons, and car wash services would be allowed to operate under a strict operating procedure from 5 February onwards as Phase One together with some businesses.[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-102)
On 9 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that dining in and retail shops are allowed to open, subject to rule of 5 per table; which is being implemented from 10 February 2021, moving from Phase One to Phase Two. However, the Phase Two will only exist until July 2021.[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-103)
On 11 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that gym activities, golf, table tennis, badminton and tennis would be allowed from 12 February with social distancing and time restrictions.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-104)
On 13 February, the National Unity Ministry confirmed that non-Muslim places of worship would be allowed to start reopening from 12 February for the remainder of the Movement Control Order, which is scheduled to end on 18 February 2021.[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-105)
On 16 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the government would extend the MCO for Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur until 4 March 2021. Meanwhile, Kedah, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu, Kelantan, Melaka, Pahang and Sabah as well as the federal territories of Putrajaya and Labuan transitioned back into the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) from 19 February 2021.[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-106)
On 25 February, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the meetings, incentives, conferencing and exhibitions (MICE) sector in states under the Movement Control Order would be allowed to resume from 5 March 2021.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-107)
### Transition to CMCO, March 2021
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=10 "Edit section: Transition to CMCO, March 2021")\]
On 5 March 2021, Selangor, Johor, Penang and Kuala Lumpur exited the Movement Control Order lockdown and entered the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO). This coincided with the launch of Malaysia [National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_COVID-19_Immunisation_Programme_\(Malaysia\) "National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme (Malaysia)"), which commenced the previous week.[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-108)
On 12 March, Deputy Chief Minister Datuk Amar [Douglas Uggah Embas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Uggah_Embas "Douglas Uggah Embas") confirmed that the CMCO in Sarawak would be extended by a further two weeks from 16 March to 29 March.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-109)
The CMCO in Sarawak was extended for two more weeks from 13 April until 26 April 2021.[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-110) The Sarawak Disaster Management Committee subsequently extended the CMCO until 10 May and then 17 May.[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-111)
The Conditional MCO (CMCO) has been extended to 28 April 2021 in Johor, Kelantan, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Penang. The Recovery MCO (RMCO) has been extended in Sabah, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan (except Seremban district under CMCO), Kedah (except Kuala Muda district under CMCO), Pelis, Perak, Terengganu, W.P Putrajaya and W.P Labuan from 13 to 28 April 2021.[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-112)
### Reinstatement of MCO 3.0
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=11 "Edit section: Reinstatement of MCO 3.0")\]
Movement Control Order restrictions were reimposed in Kelantan from 16 April until 29 April 2021, before being extended until 17 May 2021.[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-114)
From 3 May 2021, the Malaysian Government reimposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Sarawak, and Selangor in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases. Schools were closed and social and religious activities were banned. While some economic activities were allowed, eateries can only provide takeaway services.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-115)
From 6 May until 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Government re-imposed a two-week Movement Control Order in Selangor (except Sabak Bernam, Hulu Selangor, Kuala Selangor), in response to a spike in COVID-19 cases.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Malay_Mail_5_May_2021-116) MCO restrictions were also reimposed on Kuala Lumpur, Johor (Johor Bahru, Kulai, Kota Tinggi), Terengganu (Besut), and Perak (Larut Matang & Selama, Mukim Taiping) between 7 and 20 May 2021.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Malay_Mail_5_May_2021-116)[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-117) The government has also imposed a nationwide ban on inter-district travel from 10 May until 6 June 2021.[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-118)
On 8 May, Senior Minister (Security) Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that the Malaysian Government would not implement a nationwide movement control order but will instead use targeted movement restrictions in response to local outbreaks.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-119) That same day, Ismail also confirmed that all interstate and inter-district travel without police approval would be banned nationwide from 10 May to 6 June 2021.[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-120)
On 10 May, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced that a nationwide Movement Control Order lockdown would be reinstated from 12 May to 7 June. Dining in, social activities and shopping areas will be banned, although workers are allowed to go to work and come back home. Inter-district and inter-state travel are banned.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-121)
A stricter form of the Movement Control Order lockdown was suggested by the government on 22 May. It was imposed on 25 May and lasts for two weeks. Under the updated form of the Movement Control Order, shoppers are only allowed to visit shopping malls and restaurants for only two hours.[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-122) Shopping malls and eateries can only operate until 8 pm, and all sea and land transport services can only operate up to 50% of their capacity.[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-123)[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-124)
In May 2021, RapidKL trains' frequency times were extended to 10 minutes during peak hours, and 30 minutes during normal hours.[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-125)
Sabah used a slightly different form of the Movement Control Order from 25 May onwards. Under its modified MCO, food and beverage outlets, grocery shops, self-service laundromats, and other businesses can only operate until 9 pm; all restaurants can only operate until 10 pm; customers visiting shopping malls, restaurants, grocery stores, hypermarkets, and mini-markets may be inside the premises for one hour; and said premises can only operate up to 50% of their capacity, with at least 200 square feet per customer.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-126) That ended with the nationwide lockdown on 1 June.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
### Total lockdown (FMCO)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=12 "Edit section: Total lockdown (FMCO)")\]
On 28 May 2021, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that a nationwide "total lockdown" or Full Movement Control Order (FMCO) will be imposed on all social and economic sectors in Malaysia from 1 June to 14 June 2021. Under this lockdown, only essential economic and social services listed by the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)") will be allowed to operation. This will be followed by a second phase lasting four weeks from 14 June under which more sectors will be allowed to reopen, provided these activities do not involve large gatherings. The new master plan for exiting the lockdown will be announced in July 2021.[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-127)[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-128)
On 12 June 2021, the Malaysian Government extended the country's total lockdown (FMCO) by another two weeks until 28 June since daily new cases are still averaging over 5,000.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-129)
On 27 June 2021, the Malaysian government announced that country-wide lockdowns will be extended indefinitely until daily cases fall below 4,000.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-130) Restaurants are also allowed to operate from 6 am until 10 pm from 28 June onwards.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaymail.com-131)
Due to the lockdown, more and more lower-income households are running out of food and income. Several activists organised the \#benderaputih movement, calling the affected households to raise [white flags](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_flag "White flag") or pieces of cloth to alert their neighbours and receive aid.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-132) At the same time, people raised red flags to ask for aid for their pets, and black flags to protest the government's poor handling of the pandemic.[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-133)[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-134)
As Perlis, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang have met the conditions needed, the government has allowed these states to move to Phase 2 of the lockdown on 5 July. This allows more businesses to be opened up, such as stationary and book shops, computer and telecommunication outlets, barberstores (only for haircuts), farmers' markets, and morning markets.[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-135)[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-136)
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang entered into Phase 2 of the lockdown.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11)
On 24 July, Prime Minister Muhyiddin announced that the construction sector was allowed to operate under strict compliance to the SOP, along with the construction of roads and other public infrastructures. He also stated that all workers in the construction sector must be vaccinated.[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-137)
### National Recovery Plan (NRP)
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=13 "Edit section: National Recovery Plan (NRP)")\]
On 15 June 2021, Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin introduced a four-phase National Recovery Plan (NRP) to help the country emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fallout.[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-ppn-2021-6)[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-138)
As each phase is based on the number of new cases, people requiring ICU treatment, and vaccination rates (by having two shots), it can be extended, or moved on to the next phase, whenever possible. From 7 August onwards, the number of new Covid cases with serious symptoms were used to indicate whether a state was ready to move up to Phases 2 and 3. Asymptomatic cases were no longer counted, as over 40 percent of the adult population had been vaccinated by the time the policy was changed.[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-139)
From 10 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states had more freedoms: they were required to wait for 14 days after their second dose (or 28 days for single-dose vaccines). Fully-vaccinated people were also able to be quarantined at home after returning, instead of being sent to a quarantine centre, provided they showed that they had no signs of infection within three days, and they presented their vaccination certificates[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-140) From 20 August onwards, fully-vaccinated people were no longer affected by the 10-kilometre limit when travelling.[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-141)
As around 66% of the country's population were vaccinated, and to make them more easier for the people to understand and follow, the government reduced the number of SOPs from 181 to just 10 in two weeks from 14 September 2021.[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-142)
On 23 September 2021, petrol stations, restaurants, eateries, and convenience stores were allowed to operate from 6 am to 12 midnight, to aid the economic recovery of the country. Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob also announced that when 90% of Malaysia's population had been fully-vaccinated, interstate travel will be allowed again.[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-143)[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-144)
On 24 September 2021, the government planned to permit interstate travel within three weeks in early October, which would be when 90% of the adult population will have been fully-vaccinated.[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-145) Home Minister [Hamzah Zainudin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamzah_Zainudin "Hamzah Zainudin") also announced that foreign tourists will be allowed against when the country enters the endemic phase of the Covid outbreak.[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-146)
On 27 September 2021, husbands were allowed to accompany mothers who were in labour, if they were fully-vaccinated.[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-147) Muhyiddin Yassin, who headed the National Recovery Council, also announced that State Recovery Councils were set up in each state in Malaysia.[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-148) From 4 October 2021, immediate family members were also allowed to accompany mothers or relatives who were giving birth.[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-149)
From 1 October 2021, Genting Highlands, Melaka, and Tioman Island will have their own travel bubbles and get reopened for tourists.[\[150\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-150) States under Phases 2 and 3 were also permitted to hold state and private functions, such as opening ceremonies and workshops, on the condition that all the guests were vaccinated and the number of people present were less than 50% of the venue's capacity. People who were not vaccinated were required to do saliva tests, or self-tests before the host or medical practitioners to check if they had the virus or not. Sports spectators and supporters were allowed to attend sports games or recreational venues, but they were not allowed to eat or drink.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
On 15 October 2021, higher learning institutions were allowed to reopen.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)[\[151\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-151) On 31 October, schools in Kedah and Kelantan were allowed to reopen; and on 1 November 2021, schools in Perak, Pulau Pinang, and Sabah were allowed to reopen.[\[152\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-152)
Theme parks across the country are planned to be reopened on November, when 90% of Malaysia's adult population will be fully-vaccinated.[\[153\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-153)
Industries Unite (a coalition of 110 local trade groups) has criticised the National Recovery Plan as being unclear.[\[154\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-154)
The conditions are the same as "total lockdown" launched from 1 June 2021. The phase ended on October 1 as Kedah, the last state to remain under the phase, moved to Phase 2.
- Gatherings of up to 2 people are only allowed at all times.
- No dine-in is allowed, until August 2021, and fully vaccinated persons are only allowed to dine-in up to 2 persons.
- All non-essential services were opened from 16 August 2021.[\[155\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-155)
- Office attendance in the public sector is 40%
- Accounting services may operate with 60% capacity
- Operation hours for daily and public markets had been extended from 6 am to 4 pm
- Cycling and individual physical activities can be done within 2–3 metres in one's own neighbourhood
- Ports, airports, and the logistic sector can operate 24 hours a day
- Mines and quarries may operate with up to 60% capacity[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-morerules-156)
Fully vaccinated people were allowed to attend prayers at mosques, temples, churches, and other houses of worship. Mosques in red zones were only able to take in 50 people, while mosques in orange, yellow, or green zones were able to take in 100 people.[\[157\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-157)
On 19 August 2021, Muhyiddin had announced that dine-ins were allowed again in Phase 1 states and Kuala Lumpur, but only for fully-vaccinated individuals. The revised rule took effect on 20 August. Children under the age of 17 may follow their parents, but were required to follow SOPs. The government also allowed daily and night markets, camping, picnics, and various outdoor individual sports and recreational activities such as jogging, taichi, exercise, cycling, fishing, equestrian riding, skateboarding, archery, hiking, singles tennis and badminton, and golf.[\[158\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-158)
On 21 August 2021, the 10 km travel radius limit was dropped in Phase One states for fully-vaccinated people, although interstate and interdistrict restrictions remained.[\[159\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-159)
On 9 September 2021, cinemas were permitted to be reopened for fully-vaccinated people, but only at 50% capacity. Other activities related to the creative industry were allowed, including indoor busking, theatrical and lounge performances, art galleries, museums, and showrooms. All of them except for indoor busking were subjected to a 30% capacity rule.[\[160\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-160)
On 10 September 2021, RapidKL reduced its waiting times for trains and buses to support the growing number of workers going back to their reopened workplaces. On peak hours, trains arrived at around 4 to 10 minutes, on non-peak hours, trains arrived from 7 to 12 minutes, and on weekends they arrived on 7 minutes (central business district for LRT Ampang/Sri Petaling) or 15 minutes.[\[161\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-161)[\[162\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-162)
On 1 October 2021, Kedah and Johor became the last states to leave Phase 1.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
The majority of the states are currently in this phase. Under this phase:
- Gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 2 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
- More economic sectors will be reopened
- Non-essential services are opened from 16 July,[\[163\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-163) and second batch on 17 August.[\[164\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-164)
- Dine-in is allowed, and any mask-off activities are allowed (only for fully vaccinated persons)
- Some sectors may now permit up to 80% of their workers
Due to improving conditions, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, and Perak are the first states to enter into Phase 2 on 5 July.[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-5states-5Jul-10)
On 7 July, Pulau Pinang moved to Phase 2.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-nst.com.my-11)
On 10 July, Sabah moved to Phase 2. It also allowed dining-in at restaurants on the same day.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sabah-10Jul-12)
On 14 July, Sarawak moved to Phase 2.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) It allowed dining-in at restaurants on 15 July.[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_allows_dining-in_from_tomor-165)
On 20 July, two more changes to Phase 2 SOPs were announced due to the increasing vaccination rate. Business premises and petrol stations were allowed to operate from 6 am to 10 pm.[\[156\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-morerules-156) Only earlier film projects about drama, advertisements, and documentaries that were postponed due to MCO were allowed to resume, and they would only film outside the studio and away from residential areas with health screenings before, during, and after the filming.[\[166\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-166)
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-astroawani.com-167)
On 26 August 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 2, due to dropping ICU hospitalisation rates (less than 40 percent) and 72.3 percent of the adult population completing two vaccine doses.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Labuan_to_move_into_Phase_Four;_Neg-168)
On 4 September 2021, Melaka moved to Phase 2.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15)
On 10 September 2021, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya moved to Phase 2, with interdistrict travel permitted for fully-vaccinated individuals.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep-16)
On 16 September 2021, [Golden Screen Cinemas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Screen_Cinemas "Golden Screen Cinemas") reopened several cinemas in the Klang Valley. It also reopened more locations on September 23.[\[169\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-169)
On 18 September 2021, gyms were opened for fully-vaccinated people in Phase 2 and 3 states.[\[170\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-170)
On 24 September 2021, Johor moved to Phase 2, allowing gatherings of up to 5 for fully vaccinated.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 1 October 2021, Kedah moved to Phase 2.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
On 18 October 2021, Kelantan, Perak, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, and Kedah became the last states to leave Phase 2.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21)
The country will move onto Stage 3 gradually by 26 October 2021 when 60 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into less than 1,000 and ICU bed usage has been dropped to 10.
- Gatherings of up to 8 people are allowed for fully vaccinated, gatherings of up to 5 people are allowed for non-vaccinated
- All economic sectors will be allowed, except those with large crowds (such as conventions, bars, salons, spas)
- Education and sports will be allowed in stages
- All manufacturing activities will be permitted, and capacity limits will be relaxed when all the workers in a place are vaccinated.
- Dining in restaurants and cafes will be allowed.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaymail.com-131)
- Gym, swimming, jetski will be allowed from 6 am to 12 pm
This phase began early on August 4 as Sarawak, Perlis, and Labuan met the criteria.[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase3-sarawak-labuan-perlis-4Aug-18)
On 4 September 2021, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 3, most likely due to the high number of vaccinations there.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-phase2-melaka-4sep-15)
On 24 September, Pahang moved to Phase 3, allowing gatherings of up to eight for fully vaccinated.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 1 October, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Melaka, and Kedah moved to Phase 3, as the overall R-naught, daily infections, and ICU COVID-19 patient rates had dropped in those states.[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-1-8)
The country will move onto Stage 4 gradually by 31 December 2021 when 80–90 per cent of the population above 12 are fully vaccinated, new COVID cases are dropped into single digits and ICU bed usage has been dropped to the bare minimum. Under this phase:
- No gathering limit, all economic sectors will be reopened
- Social activities will resume to some degree
- Interstate travel will be allowed according to SOPs.
Although this phase was initially expected to start in late-October,[\[171\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-171)[\[172\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-172)[\[173\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-173) Labuan was the first state to reach this stage on 26 August, as 92.4 percent of the adult residents of the island were vaccinated, new Covid cases had dropped to single digits, and ICU bed usage in local hospitals had dropped to zero.[\[168\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Labuan_to_move_into_Phase_Four;_Neg-168)
In September 2021, the government decided to suspend Islamic religious teachers and school teachers who refuse to get vaccinated. Children of unvaccinated parents will not be allowed to physically attend schools when they will reopen next year.
On 24 September, Negeri Sembilan moved to Phase 4, with no gathering limits and all economic sectors to be reopened.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysianow.com-17)
On 8 October 2021, Pahang moved to Phase 4.[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Pahang_MB_reminds_people_in_state-22)
On 9 October, Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that interstate travel will be allowed to resumed within the next few days once 90% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated. As of 7 October, 89.1% of the adult population has been fully vaccinated.[\[174\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-174) On 10 October, all interstate and international restrictions for residents fully vaccinated against COVID-19 were lifted since 90% of Malaysia's adult population had been fully vaccinated.[\[175\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-175)[\[176\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-176)
On 18 October 2021, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya, and Melaka moved to Phase 4.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-2021-oct-18-21)
On 25 October 2021, Johor, Terengganu moved to Phase 4.[\[177\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-177)
On 7 November 2021, the government stated that they might close the borders of states with an RT rate that crosses 1.0.[\[178\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-178)
On 8 November 2021, Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak and Sabah moved to Phase 4.[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Oriental-24)[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-malaysiakini.com-25)
On 3 January 2022, Sarawak and Kelantan moved to Phase 4, ending movement restrictions in Malaysia.[\[179\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-179)
## Measures by state and territories
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=18 "Edit section: Measures by state and territories")\]
On 2 November 2020, the Ministry of Health's Training Institute in Johor Bahru was placed under an Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) after 46 trainees tested positive for COVID-19. This EMCO will affect 1,559 people including students, teachers, and their families.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-EMCO_2_Nov_2020-180)
On 3 August 2020, four sub-district in [Kubang Pasu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubang_Pasu_District "Kubang Pasu District") were placed under EMCO due to increased new cases caused by [Nasi Kandar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasi_Kandar "Nasi Kandar") restaurant in Napoh town.[\[181\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-181)
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") placed an enhanced movement control order (MCO) on the district of [Kota Setar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Setar "Kota Setar") from midnight 11 September to 23 September following an increase in COVID-19 cases. Residents will not be allowed to leave the area and outsiders will not be allowed to enter.[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Kota_Setar_11_Sep_2020-182)
On 16 September 2021, Langkawi was reopened under a travel bubble for fully-vaccinated tourists from any state, including Phase One states. Children who visit the island must be accompanied by fully-vaccinated adults.[\[183\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-183)
On 7 June 2020, the [Mayor of Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Kuala_Lumpur "Mayor of Kuala Lumpur") [Nor Hisham Ahmad Dahlan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor_Hisham_Ahmad_Dahlan "Nor Hisham Ahmad Dahlan") announced that the [Kuala Lumpur City Hall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_City_Hall "Kuala Lumpur City Hall") will allow open markets, morning markets, night markets and bazaars to reopen in stages following the implementation of the Recovery Movement Control Order on 15 June.[\[184\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-184)
On 1 October 2021, mosques in Kuala Lumpur were allowed to have full capacity.[\[185\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-185) [Zoo Negara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoo_Negara "Zoo Negara") was also reopened to the public.[\[186\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-186)
On 15 October 2020, Senior Minister for Security Ismail Sabri Yaakob placed the [federal territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") under a conditional movement control order, which would run from 17 October to 30 October. Under this lockdown, all economic activities will be allowed to operate but religious, cultural, and social sectors including schools and kindergartens will remain close.[\[187\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-187)[\[188\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-188) The conditional movement control order in Labuan was subsequently extended from 31 October until 13 November.[\[189\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-189)
On 30 September 2020, Negeri Sembilan's Human Resources, Plantation and Non-Islamic Affairs committee chairman J. Arul Kumar announced that the annual ten-day [Deepavali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepavali "Deepavali") carnival, which had been scheduled to be held between 4 and 13 November, had been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic following advice from the [National Security Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Council_\(Malaysia\) "National Security Council (Malaysia)").[\[190\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-190)
From 21 to 31 March 2020, the state of [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang") has enacted that all business stores in [Kuantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuantan_District "Kuantan District"), [Pekan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekan_District "Pekan District"), [Bentong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentong_District "Bentong District"), [Jerantut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerantut_District "Jerantut District") and [Temerloh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temerloh_District "Temerloh District") ([Cameron Highlands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron_Highlands_District "Cameron Highlands District") had already begun to implement the measure on 16 March) must only operate during the day up to 12 hours, and need to close after 7 pm to 7 am. According to the measurement, all shops that were originally allowed to operate during the period of the control order, including drive-thru restaurants, fast food restaurants, and petrol stations, are no longer allowed to operate between 7 pm and 7 am.[\[191\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-191) From 1 April, PDRM's state division tightened state borders and set up roadblocks on the state's major highways.[\[192\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-192)
Wholesale market operating hours in [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak") during the MCO were designated from 4 am to 10 am, however, from 6 April 2020, wet food-related businesses such as poultry and seafood were designated from 4 am to 10 am, while businesses for vegetables and fruits were designated from 11 am to 4 pm. The closure from 10 am till 11 pm was dedicated for cleaning processes.[\[193\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-193)
On 10 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be placed around [Tawau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawau "Tawau") prison from 11 September till 23 September, affecting prisoners, inmates and their families. During this period, visitations will not be allowed.[\[182\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Kota_Setar_11_Sep_2020-182)
On 28 September 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that an enhanced MCO would be enforced in [Lahad Datu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahad_Datu "Lahad Datu"), Tawau, [Kunak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunak "Kunak"), and [Semporna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semporna "Semporna") between 29 September and October 12. During that period, residents will not be allowed to leave the four districts, non-residents and visitors would be barred from entering, and all business activities except those providing essential goods and services would have to cease.[\[194\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-194)
On 5 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the state capital [Kota Kinabalu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu "Kota Kinabalu"), [Penampang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penampang "Penampang"), and [Putatan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putatan "Putatan") would be placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) commencing 7 October. Under the conditional MCO, travel into these districts will be limited, express and transit buses will not be allowed to operate, and only essential services such as food and health services will be allowed to operate.[\[195\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-195) The following day, Senior Minister Ismail announced that the federal government would ban most interstate travel to and from Sabah with the exceptions of emergencies, deaths, and essential services subject to approval from the Ministry of Health. Travel would be limited to Sabah natives, essential workers, civil servants working in Sabah, and permanent residents residing in Sabah.[\[196\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-196)
On 2 November 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the EMCOs at the Kepayan Prison and Taman Mat Salleh Prison Quarters in Kota Kinabalu would be extended by two weeks until 16 November.[\[180\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-EMCO_2_Nov_2020-180)
On 7 May 2021, the Sabah state government banned any non-essential inter-district travel for the duration of a CMCO lockdown between 10 and 16 May. For the duration of the CMCO, Kota Kinabalu, Putatan and Penampang would be considered to be one district.[\[197\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-197)
On 3 July 2021, the city council of Sandakan allowed dining-in at restaurants for only two people per table, following the orders of Chief Minister Hajiji Noor.[\[198\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-198)
On 13 August 2021, Sabah's government decided that only fully-vaccinated people can enter into supermarkets and restaurants, due to the high number of cases. This is to rush the people of Sabah into being completely vaccinated within a month.[\[199\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-199)
On 1 October 2021, Sabah allowed grocery stores, convenience stores, mini markets, and hypermarkets to be opened from 6 am to 10 pm. Petrol stations and their convenience stores were allowed to be opened from 5 am to midnight. Restaurant operators including hotels, sports and recreation club houses, eateries, food stalls, food trucks, roadside hawkers, circulating hawkers, food courts, hawker centers, roadside food stalls or kiosks were able to operate from 6 am to midnight.[\[200\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-200)
On 27 July 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that the Malaysian government will limit inter-zone (Zone 1: Kuching, Samarahan and Serian division. Zone 2: Sri Aman, Betong, Sibu, Sarikei, Mukah, Kapit, Bintulu, Miri and Limbang division) movement in Sarawak between 1 and 14 August at the request of the Sarawak Government to curb the spread of COVID-19 within that state, particularly around the state capital Kuching.[\[201\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-201)
On 6 December 2020, the Sarawak Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) allowed spas, wellness and reflexology centres in the state to resume operations effective from 7 December.[\[202\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-202)
On 29 May 2021, Sarawak's government imposed a stricter lockdown for two weeks until June 11. Under the lockdown's rules, movement from 10 pm to 5 am was not allowed except in emergencies, and children under the age of 12 were not allowed to go to crowded places like shopping malls.[\[203\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-203)
After Sarawak was placed under Phase 1 of the nationwide lockdown, it was moved to Phase 2 on 14 July 2021.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed-13) Its state government originally planned to permit dining-in in restaurants on 7 June, but due to repeated surges in Covid cases,[\[204\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-204) it banned dining-in in restaurants until 16 July, and ordered that only restaurant owners and workers who received their first vaccination were allowed to resume their work[\[205\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-205)[\[165\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Sarawak_allows_dining-in_from_tomor-165)[\[206\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-206)
On 19 July 2021, the Disaster Management Committee of Sibu has ordered that all business operators and their workers must be fully-vaccinated in order to continue working, and they must show a vaccination certificate at their shops' entrance.[\[207\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-207)
On 20 August 2021, the state government of Sarawak banned dining-in at restaurants, restricted businesses to operate from 5 am to 8 pm, and prohibited anyone from leaving their homes after 10 pm except for emergencies. Those rules affected the southern districts of Kuching, Bau, Lundu, Samarahan, Asajaya, Simunjan, Serian and Tebedu, due to a wave of Covid infections. They were implemented from 21 to 28 August.[\[167\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-astroawani.com-167)
On 6 October 2021, interdistrict travel was allowed without needing a permit.[\[208\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-208)
On 10 October 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that weddings would be limited to 250 people in the [Klang District](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_District "Klang District"). An earlier announcement had limited weddings to 500 people.[\[209\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-209)
On 14 October 2020, the [Klang Valley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Valley "Klang Valley") was placed under a Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) with inter-district movement prohibited until 27 October. 96 roadblocks were set up to enforce this movement restriction with only workers with valid passes and authorisation letters being able to travel between districts. While offices, restaurants, and shopping malls remain open, they are subject to stricter health and social distancing rules. The CMCO also affects the [Federal Territories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_territory "Federal territory") of Kuala Lumpur and [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya"), which lie within the boundaries of Selangor.[\[210\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-210)[\[211\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-211)
On 20 October 2020, employees in the private and public sectors, at the management and supervisory levels, in areas under the Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) were instructed to conduct [remote work](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_work "Remote work") starting Thursday, 22 October.[\[212\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-212)
On 1 February 2021, the "State Investment, Industry and Commerce, and Small and Medium Entreprises" (SMEs) chairman [Teng Chang Khim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teng_Chang_Khim "Teng Chang Khim") announced that Selangor's [Chinese New Year](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_New_Year "Chinese New Year") celebration will be held online via social media due to the ongoing pandemic.[\[213\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-213)
On 17 May 2021, the Malaysian Health Ministry indicated that it may order a total shutdown in Selangor if current Movement Control Order restrictions are unable to curb a sharp spike in cases in that state.[\[214\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-214) Due to recent daily cases rising up to over 2,000, the government has enacted an Emergency Movement Control Order on July 3 for two weeks on most of the state, except for several districts in the north.[\[215\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-215)[\[216\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-216)
On 3 July 2021, the Works Ministry ordered all construction work in EMCO areas to be stopped. Only critical maintenance, repair, and wiring works are allowed if they have appointments.[\[217\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-217)
On 17 July 2021, the EMCO placed over eight districts in Selangor ended. Only four locations in Damansara, Ampang, Klang, and Batu remained under EMCO until July 31.[\[218\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-218)[\[219\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-219)
The Royal Malaysia Police in Terengganu planned to impose traffic control based on vehicle registration numbers, where vehicles with odd or even registration numbers are only allowed to travel during odd- or even-numbered days, respectively, starting 1 April 2020. The plan was later postponed the day before the rollout to allow a detailed study of the proposed control.[\[220\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-220)
CMCO in the whole of Kelantan is launched on 21 November until 6 December 2020. It is then extended for Kota Bharu, Machang, Pasir Mas and Tanah Merah from 7 December until 20 December 2020. Kubang Kerian in Kota Bharu & Kusial in Tanah Merah will continue the CMCO from 12 December until 20 December 2020, while other districts' CMCO is lifted and change back to RMCO.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
MCO2.0 in Kelantan started from 16 January until 18 February 2021. Then, it is changed from MCO2.0 back to CMCO from 19 February to 15 April 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
But, due to the sudden rapid surge in new cases in Kelantan areas, the government had announced that 7 districts in Kelantan involving Tumpat, Kota Bharu, Pasir Mas, Machang, Bachok, Pasir Puteh and Tanah Merah will enter MCO3.0 from 16 April until 29 April 2021. After that, the remaining district in Kelantan, which are Jeli, Kuala Krai, and Gua Musang will start implementing MCO3.0 together with the remaining districts from 22 April to 29 April 2021. As what government announced on 27 April in his press conference, MCO3.0 in whole Kelantan is extended again from 30 April to 17 May 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
During this period, primary and secondary schools in all 7 districts stated will be changed to online classes temporarily from 24 April until 12 June 2021.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
Despite the past condemnation, the Malaysian authorities have arrested hundreds of people for violating the [Movement Control Order](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stay-at-home_order "Stay-at-home order") since mid-April. Violators are fined, jailed or sent to perform community service as part of their punishment. The sentence jail term ranges from 2 days to several months. Violators unable to pay their fines will have to serve prison sentences.[\[221\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-221)
According to a [Human Rights Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch "Human Rights Watch") report, 15,000 people had been arrested by 18 March for breaching the movement control order. On 2 April 2020, [Minister of Defence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") reported that 4,189 individuals had been arrested over the past two weeks for flouting the movement control order. Of these, 1,449 individuals have been charged in court.[\[222\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-222) On 3 May, Nurul Hidayah Ahmad Zahid, the daughter of President of [UMNO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMNO "UMNO"), [Ahmad Zahid Hamidi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi "Ahmad Zahid Hamidi") her husband, Saiful Nizam Mohd Yusoff were caught for flouting the MCO.[\[223\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-223)
After the director-general of the [Malaysian Prison Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Prison_Department "Malaysian Prison Department") raised concerns about prison overcrowding, the Malaysian Government shifted to fine violators. On 15 April, the Defence Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") announced that the police would be criminally prosecuting violators and detained them in thirteen police academies that had been converted into makeshift detention centres.[\[224\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-HRW_26_April-224) Human rights organisations condemned the move as it further promotes the spread of [coronavirus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_disease_2019 "Coronavirus disease 2019") due to overcrowding in prisons. In late April, [Human Rights Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch "Human Rights Watch")'s Asia Director Phil Robertson called on the Malaysian government to stop jailing people who had flouted the movement control order, but recommended the use of the newly built facilities to keep lockdown violators.[\[224\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-HRW_26_April-224)
The MCO has led to a decrease in the national crime rate by around 70%.[\[225\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-225) Data from the [Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Women,_Family_and_Community_Development "Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development") suggested a slight increase of [domestic violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_violence "Domestic violence") nationwide during the MCO, however in control.[\[226\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-226)
On 20 June, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 48 individuals had been arrested by the [Royal Malaysian Police](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Police "Royal Malaysian Police")'s Compliance Operations Task Force for violating the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO). Ten of these were arrested for engaging in [reflexology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexology "Reflexology") and massaging activities while 38 were charged with violating social distancing rules. 3,774 compliance teams are consisting of 16,675 personnel.[\[227\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-227)
On 4 July, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob confirmed that 77 people had been arrested as of 3 July for violating the RMCO including initiating contact sports activities (15), pub and night club activities (12) and violating standard operating procedures (SOPs). 495 constructions sites were reported to have violated standard operating procedures while 2,738 have complied with SOPs.[\[228\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-228)
With the country known as the world's top [rubber glove](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber_glove "Rubber glove") maker, concerns have risen especially from the [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union "European Union") (EU) over the impacts of the movement control to Malaysia's glove exports especially with the increasing glove shortages among [European healthcare sectors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Europe "Healthcare in Europe").[\[229\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-global_glove_shortages-229) This subsequently led the EU to send a letter on 25 March to the Malaysian counterpart for the relaxation of the movement control order on the glove sectors. Through a positive replied made by the [Malaysian Ministry of International Trade and Industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_International_Trade_and_Industry_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Malaysia)") to allowing continuous operations, a letter was subsequently distributed by the Malaysia Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association on 27 March to glove manufacturers in the country to allowing their factories to remain open from 1 April.[\[229\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-global_glove_shortages-229) The [U.S. Customs and Border Protection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection "U.S. Customs and Border Protection") (CBP) also had removed a ban on glove exports to the [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States") by a Malaysian glove company previously accused of using [forced labour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_labour "Forced labour") as part of the American government efforts to boost supplies of their [healthcare sectors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States "Healthcare in the United States") due to the increasing shortages of medical equipment caused by the pandemic.[\[230\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-230)
The Prime Minister had instructed the [Ministry of Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of Education (Malaysia)") to implement home-based learning initiatives throughout the duration of MCO as schools nationwide were closed during the period.[\[231\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-231) Assessments and examinations for various national higher education programmes were cancelled as some institutes were converted into temporary surveillance and quarantine centres, and students' performance evaluations were replaced by continuous assessment scores.[\[232\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-232) Also, the national examination, [SPM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sijil_Pelajaran_Malaysia "Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia") was delayed to January 2021 from the originally scheduled November 2020.\[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")*\]
On 10 June, [Education Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Education_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Education (Malaysia)") [Mohd Radzi Md Jidin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohd_Radzi_Md_Jidin "Mohd Radzi Md Jidin") confirmed that schools throughout Malaysia would begin reopening in stages from 24 June, with priority being given to students taking secondary and equivalent international leaving exams.[\[233\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-233)[\[234\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CNA_schools-234) As part of social distancing measures, students will have their temperatures tested, will have to sit at least one-metre apart, and schools will serve pre-packaged food.[\[234\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-CNA_schools-234)
On 23 June, the Ministry of Education announced changes to school term holidays in order to help schools better plan lessons that had been disrupted by the pandemic and Movement Control Order. The mid-term holidays would be reduced from nine days to five days. In addition, the end of the year holidays in schools in Group A states ([Johor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor "Johor"), [Kedah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedah "Kedah"), [Kelantan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelantan "Kelantan"), and [Terengganu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terengganu "Terengganu")) would be reduced from 42 days to 14 days. The end of the year holidays in Group B states ([Malacca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacca "Malacca"), [Negri Sembilan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negri_Sembilan "Negri Sembilan"), [Pahang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahang "Pahang"), [Perak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perak "Perak"), [Perlis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlis "Perlis"), [Penang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang "Penang"), [Sabah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah "Sabah"), [Sarawak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak "Sarawak"), [Selangor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangor "Selangor"), [Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur "Kuala Lumpur"), [Labuan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labuan "Labuan") and [Putrajaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putrajaya "Putrajaya")) would be reduced from 41 days to 13 days. The Education Ministry confirmed that the school year for 2020 will now total 168 days.[\[235\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-235) In response, former Education Minister [Maszlee Malik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maszlee_Malik "Maszlee Malik") criticised the Ministry for not consulting with teachers and teachers' unions including the [National Union of the Teaching Profession](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Union_of_the_Teaching_Profession&action=edit&redlink=1 "National Union of the Teaching Profession (page does not exist)") and [West Malaysia Malay Teachers Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Malaysia_Malay_Teachers_Union&action=edit&redlink=1 "West Malaysia Malay Teachers Union (page does not exist)") prior to amending the school term.[\[236\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-236)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49687038551\).jpg)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49686505698\).jpg)
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MCO_covid19_Penang_Malaysia_\(49687039581\).jpg)
Before Malaysia announced the movement control order, [supermarkets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermarket "Supermarket") across the country began to see a surge in [panic buying](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_buying "Panic buying"), and the supply of [surgical masks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_mask "Surgical mask") everywhere was out, causing prices to skyrocket. In response, the Prime Minister of Malaysia assured people in a televised speech on 16 March that the supply of food, daily essentials and healthcare (including surgical masks), were sufficient nationwide, adding that the [Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Domestic_Trade_and_Consumer_Affairs_\(Malaysia\) "Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs (Malaysia)") would be monitoring the [food supply](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_supply "Food supply") and the daily demand of markets during the control order.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-lockdown-27)
### Travel and transportation
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=36 "Edit section: Travel and transportation")\]
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pavilion_Kuala_Lumpur_during_Corona_virus_lockdown_2.jpg)
Square in front of the [Pavilion Kuala Lumpur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavilion_Kuala_Lumpur "Pavilion Kuala Lumpur") shopping mall on 20 March 2020 during the movement control order.
[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Empty_Singapore-Malaysia_Causeway_2.jpg)
Empty view of [Johor–Singapore Causeway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor%E2%80%93Singapore_Causeway "Johor–Singapore Causeway")
Scores of Malaysians working in [Singapore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore "Singapore") and foreigners rushed back to the immigration checkpoints in the hope to return to Singapore before the order became effective. Singapore-based public transport operators had arranged temporary accommodation at several hotels to accommodate the affected Malaysian Bus Captains.[\[237\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-237)[\[238\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-238) Scheduled bus services travelling between Singapore and [Johor Bahru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johor_Bahru "Johor Bahru") were suspended as well.[\[239\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-239) The announcement of the movement control order reportedly caused some anxiety among Singaporean residents over their food supplies, of which a significant portion came from Malaysia. [Panic buying](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panic_buying "Panic buying") briefly returning in Singapore as Singaporeans rushed to supermarkets to stock basic necessities,[\[240\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-240) and Singapore's ministers and Prime Minister had to assure them that there would be enough supplies for the country, and that the flow of goods between the two countries would continue.[\[241\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-241)[\[242\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-242)[\[243\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-243)
Moments after the order was announced in Malaysia, With the announcement of the movement control, various diplomatic missions such as the [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States") and [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France "France") have ceased issuing [visas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travel_visa "Travel visa"), while [India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") prohibited Malaysian citizens from travelling to its country.[\[244\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-244) Thai residents headed out of Malaysia in large numbers while the [large community of Indonesians](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesians_in_Malaysia "Indonesians in Malaysia") in Malaysia also prepared for the situation as reported by their embassy.[\[245\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-245)[\[246\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-246)[\[247\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-247) Other diplomatic missions were closely monitoring the situation of the restrictive movement order and awaited further instructions both from their government and the Malaysian government.[\[248\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-248)
As the number of passengers decreased significantly during the movement control order and to reduce the risk of infection of passengers and employees, Malaysia's main bus operator, [Rapid Bus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Bus "Rapid Bus") readjusted the frequency of all its buses starting from 20 March where it also encouraged the people to plan their trips. [Rapid Ferry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Ferry "Rapid Ferry") also made adjustments by reducing to two ferries each day to operate starting from 20 March. Each shift was changed from the original 20 minutes to 30 minutes. After 10 pm, the frequency of the ferry service will be changed to 1 hour. As for the last ferry ride time, it will depend on the arrival time of the last bus in Penang Sentral.[\[249\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-249)
On 4 April 2020, all [Express Rail Link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Express_Rail_Link "Express Rail Link") rail services were to be suspended until the end of the control period due to significant reductions in passenger flow.[\[250\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-250)
On 16 April 2020, [Defence Minister](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") clarified that any form of mass movements and interstate travel would be prohibited during [Ramadan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan "Ramadan") as long as the Movement Control Order remains in force until 28 April. Many Muslim Malaysians visit their families and hometowns during the Ramadan period.[\[251\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-251)
On 5 November 2020, Senior Minister [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") has announced that Malaysians living in areas under both Enhanced Movement Control Order (EMCO) and Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) restrictions would not be allowed to cross borders during the upcoming [Deepavali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwali "Diwali") holiday on 14 November. It is customary for people to travel home and visit families during the Deepavali holiday.[\[252\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-252)
On 18 December 2020, Senior Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob announced that Christmas gatherings on 25 December will be limited to 20 people at landed properties and 10 people at apartments and condominiums within areas under recovery and conditional movement control orders. Within areas under enhanced MCO, only household Christmas gatherings will be allowed. In addition, church masses will be allowed between 5 pm and 9:30 pm on 24 December for a maximum of two sessions.[\[253\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-253)
On 29 April 2021, the Higher Education Ministry permitted students from higher learning institutions to return to their families to celebrate Hari Raya Aidilfitri from May 7 to 12. They will return to campus from May 15 to 20. They were only allowed to use their own vehicles, be picked up by their parents or guardians, travel by air, or board buses provided by their institutions.[\[254\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-254)
President of [United Malays National Organisation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation "United Malays National Organisation") (UMNO) [Ahmad Zahid Hamidi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi "Ahmad Zahid Hamidi") announced that the party would withdraw its support for Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and his government over the government's handling of the pandemic, including the indefinite extension of the MCO, in July 2021.[\[255\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-255)
## National Security Council's Power
\[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malaysian_movement_control_order&action=edit§ion=39 "Edit section: National Security Council's Power")\]
Yusramizza Md Isa, Senior Law Lecturer at [Universiti Utara Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiti_Utara_Malaysia "Universiti Utara Malaysia"), noted that the government's actions in issuing the MCO are under the auspices of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988. Under Section 5 of the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988, the Health Ministry is the main authority in charge.[\[256\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Md_Isa-256)
However, on 6 April 2020, [Minister of Defence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_\(Malaysia\) "Minister of Defence (Malaysia)") [Ismail Sabri Yaakob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_Sabri_Yaakob "Ismail Sabri Yaakob") reported that only the National Security Council (NSC) can issue directives during the MCO.[\[257\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-257)
Yusramizza further noted that unless "disaster emergency" or "a security area" is declared by the Prime Minister based on Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016 and Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20, the military is not empowered to arrest, seize and search.[\[256\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-Md_Isa-256)
Kuala Lumpur lawyers Haeme Hashim and CK Lew from Messrs. Haeme Lew suggested that the government ought to declare a "disaster emergency" according to Article 25 of the Malaysia National Security Council Directive 20 and for the entirety of Malaysia to be declared as a "security area" under Section 18 of the National Security Council Act 2016, failing which the NSC and military do not have full power in administering this Movement Control Order. Only the police have full power and the military only works to assist the police in strengthening control over the order.[\[258\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-258)
Civil society organisation Malaysians Against Death Penalty and Torture (Madpet) has stated that a special task force may be formed to assist health ministry, but not the NSC. A spokesperson for Madpet Charles Hector noted that the Malaysian government may have quietly and wrongly resorted to using the draconian National Security Council Act 2016 in the combat to curb and defeat the coronavirus threat as the NSC, under the NSC Act, seemed to be making decisions and issuing orders on coronavirus-related issues. Hector notes that the Ministry of Health's authority may be ousted by the NSC, and that the NSC may be wrongly taking overpower and control from the Ministry of Health, which is really the responsible Ministry under the Prevention And Control Of Infectious Diseases Act 1988.[\[259\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_note-259)
- [2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures "2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures")
- [COVID-19 lockdowns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns "COVID-19 lockdowns")
- [COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines "COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines")
- [COVID-19 lockdown in China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China "COVID-19 lockdown in China")
- [COVID-19 lockdown in India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India "COVID-19 lockdown in India")
- [COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy "COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy")
- [COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia "COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia")
- [Indonesia large-scale social restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions "Indonesia large-scale social restrictions")
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4. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-4)**
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5. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-5)**
["Malaysia lifts travel restrictions for fully vaccinated people"](https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/malaysia-lifts-travel-restrictions-fully-vaccinated-people-2021-10-10/). *Reuters*. 10 October 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
6. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-ppn-2021_6-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-ppn-2021_6-1)
["Phase One of National Recovery Plan to be extended, says PM Muhyiddin"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210627081118/https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/mco-will-not-end-monday-june-28-first-phase-continues-until-threshold-value-less-4000-cases). *The Edge Markets*. 27 June 2021. Archived from [the original](https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/mco-will-not-end-monday-june-28-first-phase-continues-until-threshold-value-less-4000-cases) on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
7. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-may-28_7-0)**
Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin (28 May 2021). ["Kenyataan Media Pejabat Perdana Menteri"](https://www.facebook.com/ts.muhyiddin/posts/4073822799362915?__tn__=-R) (in Malay). Facebook. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
8. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-4) [***f***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-5) [***g***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-6) [***h***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-1_8-7)
Babulal, Veena (29 September 2021). ["Klang Valley and Melaka move to Phase 3 of NRP from Oct 1"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/732045/klang-valley-and-melaka-move-phase-3-nrp-oct-1). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
9. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-9)**
Won, Chen Lee (5 October 2021). ["COVID-19 Response: FAQs (MCO 2021)"](https://www.rahmatlim.com/perspectives/articles/17541/mykh-covid-19-response-faqs-mco-2021#:~:text=On%2028%20May%202021%2C%20it,extended%20indefinitely%20until%20further%20notice). *rahmatlim.com*.
10. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-5states-5Jul_10-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-5states-5Jul_10-1)
Povera, Adib; Naz Harun, Hana (3 July 2021). ["Five states to enter Phase Two of the NRP on Monday"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/07/704799/five-states-enter-phase-two-nrp-monday). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
11. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-nst.com.my_11-2)
Dermawan, Audrey (7 July 2021). ["Brisk businesses for non-essential shops as Penang enters Phase 2 of NRP"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/07/705989/brisk-businesses-non-essential-shops-penang-enters-phase-2-nrp). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
12. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sabah-10Jul_12-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sabah-10Jul_12-1)
["We'll not budge from dine-in decision, says Sabah CM"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210710033831/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/10/well-not-budge-from-dine-in-decision-says-sabah-cm/). *Free Malaysia Today*. Archived from [the original](https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/07/10/well-not-budge-from-dine-in-decision-says-sabah-cm/) on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
13. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed_13-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed_13-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-Sarawak_enters_NRP_Phase_Two_on_Wed_13-2)
Goh, Pei Pei (12 July 2021). ["Sarawak enters NRP Phase Two on Wednesday"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/07/707626/sarawak-enters-nrp-phase-two-wednesday). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
14. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-Aug26-n9-labuan_14-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-Aug26-n9-labuan_14-1)
["NRP: Labuan moves to Phase 4, Negri to Phase 2 from Aug 26, says PM"](https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/08/24/labuan-moves-to-phase-4-negri-to-phase-2-from-aug-26-says-pm). *The Star*. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
15. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-melaka-4sep_15-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-melaka-4sep_15-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-melaka-4sep_15-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-melaka-4sep_15-3)
Daim, Nuradzimmah (2 September 2021). ["PM: Melaka moves to phase two, NS to phase three of National Recovery Plan from Saturday"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/723770/pm-melaka-moves-phase-two-ns-phase-three-national-recovery-plan-saturday). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
16. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep_16-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-phase2-sel-kl-ptj-10sep_16-1)
Chin, Emmanuel Santa Maria (8 September 2021). ["PM: No more roadblocks, travel within Klang Valley allowed in Phase Two from Friday"](https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2021/09/08/pm-no-more-roadblocks-travel-within-klang-valley-allowed-in-phase-two-from/2004035). *The Malay Mail*. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
17. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-3) [***e***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-4) [***f***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-malaysianow.com_17-5)
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19. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-19)**
["PM: Terengganu to move to Phase 3 of NRP from Friday (Sept 17)"](https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/09/15/pm-terengganu-to-move-to-phase-3-of-nrp-from-friday-sept-17). *The Star*. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
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["Hisham: Johor moves to Phase 3, Pahang to enter Phase 4 of NRP from Oct 8"](https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/10/06/hisham-johor-moves-to-phase-3-pahang-to-enter-phase-4-of-nrp-from-oct-8). *The Star*. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
21. ^ [***a***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-18_21-0) [***b***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-18_21-1) [***c***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-18_21-2) [***d***](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-lockdown-2021-oct-18_21-3)
["Klang Valley, Melaka into phase 4 from Monday, says PM"](https://web.archive.org/web/20211015134652/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/10/15/klang-valley-melaka-into-phase-4-from-monday-says-pm/). *Free Malaysia Today*. Archived from [the original](https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/10/15/klang-valley-melaka-into-phase-4-from-monday-says-pm/) on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
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Alagesh, T.N. (7 October 2021). ["Pahang MB reminds people in state, now under Phase 4, to remain alert"](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/10/734442/pahang-mb-reminds-people-state-now-under-phase-4-remain-alert). *New Straits Times*. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
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26. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-26)**
["sarawak-kelantan-masuk-fasa-4-ppn-3-januari"](https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2021/12/905988/sarawak-kelantan-masuk-fasa-4-ppn-3-januari). *Berita Harian* (in Malay). Retrieved 26 September 2023.
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29. **[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order#cite_ref-29)**
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- [The Prime Minister's Special Message on Covid-19 (16 March 2020)](https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210811085344/https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020/) 11 August 2021 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (in English)
- [Perutusan Khas YAB Perdana Menteri Mengenai Covid-19 (16 Mac 2020)](https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020-2/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200321140010/https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020-2/) 21 March 2020 at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") (in Malay) |
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