🕷️ Crawler Inspector

URL Lookup

Direct Parameter Lookup

Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa146)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate","crawl_time":1775426184,"first_indexed_time":1375985995,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Google_Translate s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Google Translate - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Google Translate\nGoogle Translate website homepage\nType of site\nNeural machine translation\nAvailable in\n249 languages; see\nbelow\nOwner\nGoogle\nURL\ntranslate\n.google\n.com\nCommercial\nYes\nRegistration\nOptional\nUsers\nOver 500 million people daily\nLaunched\nApril 28, 2006\n; 19 years ago\n(as\nstatistical machine translation\n)\n[\n1\n]\nNovember 15, 2016\n; 9 years ago\n(as\nneural machine translation\n)\n[\n2\n]\nCurrent status\nActive\nGoogle Translate\nis a\nmultilingual\nneural\nmachine translation\nservice developed by\nGoogle\nto\ntranslate\ntext, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a\nwebsite interface\n, a\nmobile app\nfor\nAndroid\nand\niOS\n, and an\nAPI\nthat helps developers build\nbrowser extensions\nand\nsoftware applications\n.\n[\n3\n]\nAs of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels.\n[\n4\n]\n[\n5\n]\nIt served over 200 million people daily in May 2013,\n[\n6\n]\nand over 500 million total users as of April 2016\n,\n[\n7\n]\nwith more than 100 billion words translated daily.\nLaunched in April 2006 as a\nstatistical machine translation\nservice, it originally used\nUnited Nations\nand\nEuropean Parliament\ndocuments and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid,\n[\n8\n]\nwith a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish.\n[\n9\n]\nDuring a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a\ndeep learning\nmodel to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized\n[\nby whom?\n]\non several occasions,\n[\n10\n]\nhas been measured to vary greatly across languages.\n[\n11\n]\nIn November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a\nneural machine translation\nengine –\nGoogle Neural Machine Translation\n(GNMT) – which translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".\n[\n2\n]\nHistory\nGoogle Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006.\n[\n12\n]\nIt translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages.\nOriginally, Google Translate was released as a\nstatistical machine translation\n(SMT) service.\n[\n12\n]\nThe input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language.\n[\n12\n]\nSince SMT uses predictive\nalgorithms\nto translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language.\n[\n12\n]\nIn January 2010, Google introduced an\nAndroid\napp and\niOS\nversion in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter.\n[\n12\n]\nAs of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages.\n[\n12\n]\nIn May 2014, Google acquired\nWord Lens\nto improve the quality of visual and voice translation.\n[\n13\n]\nIt is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system\nautomatically identifies\nforeign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever\nspeech translation\nis needed.\n[\n13\n]\nIn November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called\nneural machine translation\n.\n[\n14\n]\nIt uses\ndeep learning\ntechniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese.\n[\n15\n]\nNo measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day.\n[\n14\n]\nIn 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at\nTeesside\nMagistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant.\n[\n16\n]\nA petition for Google to add\nCree\nto Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure.\n[\n17\n]\n[\n18\n]\nAt the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in\nmainland China\n, which Google said was due to \"low usage\".\n[\n19\n]\n[\n20\n]\nIn 2024, a record of 110 languages including\nCantonese\n,\nTok Pisin\nand some regional languages in\nRussia\nincluding\nBashkir\n,\nChechen\n,\nOssetian\nand\nCrimean Tatar\nwere added. The languages were added through the help of the\nPaLM 2\nGenerative AI\nmodel.\n[\n21\n]\n[\n22\n]\nFunctions\nGoogle Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images.\n[\n23\n]\n[\n24\n]\nSpecifically, its functions include:\nWritten Words Translation:\na function that translates written words or text to a foreign language.\n[\n25\n]\nWebsite Translation:\na function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages.\n[\n26\n]\nDocument Translation:\na function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx.\n[\n26\n]\nSpeech Translation:\na function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language.\n[\n27\n]\nMobile App Translation:\nin 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called \"Tap to Translate\", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it.\n[\n28\n]\nImage Translation:\na function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images.\n[\n29\n]\nHandwritten Translation:\na function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard.\n[\n30\n]\nBilingual Conversation Translation:\na function that translates conversations in multiple languages.\n[\n31\n]\nTranscription:\na function that transcribes speech in different languages.\n[\n32\n]\nFor most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode.\n[\n23\n]\n[\n24\n]\nFeatures\nEnglish Wikipedia\n's homepage translated into\nPortuguese\nWeb interface\nGoogle Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images.\n[\n23\n]\n[\n24\n]\nFor some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text,\n[\n25\n]\nand in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary\n[\n33\n]\nand has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize.\n[\n34\n]\nIf \"Detect language\" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a\nURL\nin the source text, Google Translate will produce a\nhyperlink\nto a machine translation of the website.\n[\n26\n]\nUsers can save translation proposals in a \"phrasebook\" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation.\n[\n35\n]\n[\n36\n]\nFor some languages, text can be entered via an\non-screen keyboard\n, whether through\nhandwriting recognition\nor\nspeech recognition\n.\n[\n30\n]\n[\n27\n]\nIt is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language.\nTexts written in the\nArabic\n,\nCyrillic\n,\nDevanagari\nand\nGreek\nscripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the\nLatin alphabet\n. The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version.\nAccent of English that the \"text-to-speech\" audio of Google Translate of each country uses:\n \n British (Received Pronunciation) (female)\n \n General American (female)\n \n General Australian (female)\n \n Indian (female)\n \n No Google translate service\nMany of the more popular languages have a \"text-to-speech\" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of\npluricentric languages\n, the accent depends on the region: for English, in the\nAmericas\n, most of the\nAsia–Pacific\nand\nWest Asia\n, the audio uses a female\nGeneral American\naccent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female\nBritish\n(\nReceived Pronunciation\n) accent is used, except for a special\nGeneral Australian\naccent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an\nIndian English\naccent used in India; for Spanish, in the\nAmericas\n, a\nLatin American\naccent is used, while in other parts of the world, a\nCastilian\naccent is used; for\nFrench\n, a\nQuebec\naccent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a\nstandard European accent\nis used; for\nBengali\n, a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source\neSpeak\nsynthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand.\nBrowser integration\nGoogle Translate is available in some\nweb browsers\nas an optional downloadable\nextension\nthat can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service.\n[\n37\n]\n[\n38\n]\n[\n39\n]\nIn February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the\nGoogle Chrome\nbrowser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation.\n[\n40\n]\n[\n41\n]\n[\n42\n]\nMobile app\nGoogle Translate\nScreenshot\nA screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate\nDeveloper\nGoogle\nInitial release\nJanuary 1, 2010\n; 16 years ago\n(for Android)\nFebruary 8, 2011\n; 15 years ago\n(for iOS)\nStable release(s)\n[±]\nAndroid\n10.1.35 (Build 855527520) \/ 13 January 2026\n; 2 months ago\n[\n43\n]\n[\n44\n]\niOS\n10.2.280 \/ 20 January 2026\n; 2 months ago\n[\n45\n]\nGoogle Chrome, discontinued\n2.0.16 \/ 5 September 2024\n; 18 months ago\n[\n46\n]\nPlatform\nAndroid\n6.0\nand later\niOS 12\n.4 and later\nSize\n37.44\nMB\n(Android)\n177.4 MB (iOS)\nAvailable in\n249 languages; see\nbelow\nType\nNeural machine translation\nWebsite\ntranslate\n.google\n.com\n\/m?hl=en\nThe Google Translate app for\nAndroid\nand\niOS\nsupports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in \"conversation mode\", and 27 via live video imagery in \"augmented reality mode\".\n[\n47\n]\n[\n48\n]\nThe Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011,\n[\n49\n]\nafter an\nHTML5\nweb application\nwas released for iOS users in August 2008.\n[\n50\n]\nThe Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with\niPod Touches\n,\niPads\nand\niPhones\nupdated to iOS 7.0+.\n[\n51\n]\nA January 2011 Android version experimented with a \"Conversation Mode\" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language.\n[\n52\n]\nOriginally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October.\n[\n53\n]\n[\n54\n]\n[\n55\n]\nThe 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using\noptical character recognition\n(OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages.\nIn January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the\nWord Lens\napp.\n[\n56\n]\n[\n57\n]\n[\n13\n]\nThe original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes\nconvolutional neural networks\n, and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations (\naugmented reality\n).\n[\n47\n]\n[\n48\n]\n[\n58\n]\n[\n59\n]\n[\n60\n]\nThe feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived.\n[\n61\n]\nOn May 11, 2016, Google introduced\nTap to Translate\nfor Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations.\n[\n62\n]\nAPI\nOn May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate\nAPI\nfor\nsoftware developers\nhad been deprecated and would cease functioning.\n[\n63\n]\n[\n64\n]\n[\n65\n]\nThe Translate API page stated the reason as \"substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse\" with an end date set for December 1, 2011.\n[\n66\n]\nIn response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service.\n[\n63\n]\n[\n64\n]\n[\n67\n]\nBecause the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products.\n[\n68\n]\n[\n69\n]\nGoogle Assistant\nGoogle Translate also provides translations for\nGoogle Assistant\nand the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as\nGoogle Nest\nand\nPixel Buds\n.\nSupported languages\nAs of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate.\n[\n4\n]\nAbkhaz\nAcehnese\nAcholi\nAfar\nAfrikaans\nAlbanian\nAlur\nAmharic\nArabic\nArmenian\nAssamese\nAvar\nAwadhi\nAymara\nAzerbaijani\nBalinese\nBaluchi\nBambara\nBaoulé\nBashkir\nBasque\nBatak Karo\nBatak Simalungun\nBatak Toba\nBelarusian\nBemba\nBengali\nBetawi\nBhojpuri\nBikol\nBosnian\nBreton\nBulgarian\nBuryat\nCantonese\nCatalan\nCebuano\nChamorro\nChechen\nChichewa\nChinese\n(\nSimplified\n)\nChinese\n(\nTraditional\n)\nChuukese\nChuvash\nCorsican\nCrimean Tatar\n(\nCyrillic\n)\nCrimean Tatar\n(\nLatin\n)\nCroatian\nCzech\nDanish\nDari\nDhivehi\nDinka\nDogri\nDombe\nDutch\nDyula\nDzongkha\nEnglish\nEsperanto\nEstonian\nEwe\nFaroese\nFijian\nFilipino\nFinnish\nFon\nFrench\nFrench\n(\nCanada\n)\nFrisian\nFriulian\nFulani\nGa\nGalician\nGeorgian\nGerman\nGreek\nGuarani\nGujarati\nHaitian Creole\nHakha Chin\nHausa\nHawaiian\nHebrew\nHiligaynon\nHindi\nHmong\nHungarian\nHunsrik\nIban\nIcelandic\nIgbo\nIlocano\nIndonesian\nInuktut\n(Latin)\nInuktut\n(\nSyllabics\n)\nIrish\nItalian\nJamaican Patois\nJapanese\nJavanese\nJingpo\nKalaallisut\nKannada\nKanuri\nKapampangan\nKazakh\nKhasi\nKhmer\nKiga\nKikongo\nKinyarwanda\nKituba\nKokborok\nKomi\nKonkani\nKorean\nKrio\nKurdish\n(\nKurmanji\n)\nKurdish\n(\nSorani\n)\nKyrgyz\nLao\nLatgalian\nLatin\nLatvian\nLigurian\nLimburgish\nLingala\nLithuanian\nLombard\nLuganda\nLuo\nLuxembourgish\nMacedonian\nMadurese\nMaithili\nMakassar\nMalagasy\nMalay\nMalay\n(\nJawi\n)\nMalayalam\nMaltese\nMam\nManx\nMaori\nMarathi\nMarshallese\nMarwadi\nMauritian Creole\nMeadow Mari\nMeiteilon (Manipuri)\nMinang\nMizo\nMongolian\nMyanmar (Burmese)\nNahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)\nNdau\nNdebele (South)\nNepalbhasa (Newari)\nNepali\nNKo\nNorwegian\n(\nBokmål\n)\nNuer\nOccitan\nOdia (Oriya)\nOromo\nOssetian\nPangasinan\nPapiamento\nPashto\nPersian\nPolish\nPortuguese\n(\nBrazil\n)\nPortuguese\n(\nPortugal\n)\nPunjabi\n(\nGurmukhi\n)\nPunjabi\n(\nShahmukhi\n)\nQuechua\nQʼeqchiʼ\nRomani\nRomanian\nRundi\nRussian\nSami (North)\nSamoan\nSango\nSanskrit\nSantali\n(Latin)\nSantali\n(\nOl Chiki\n)\nScots Gaelic\nSepedi\nSerbian\nSesotho\nSeychellois Creole\nShan\nShona\nSicilian\nSilesian\nSindhi\nSinhala\nSlovak\nSlovenian\nSomali\nSpanish\nSundanese\nSusu\nSwahili\nSwati\nSwedish\nTahitian\nTajik\nTamazight\nTamazight\n(\nTifinagh\n)\nTamil\nTatar\nTelugu\nTetum\nThai\nTibetan\nTigrinya\nTiv\nTok Pisin\nTongan\nTshiluba\nTsonga\nTswana\nTulu\nTumbuka\nTurkish\nTurkmen\nTuvan\nTwi\nUdmurt\nUkrainian\nUrdu\nUyghur\nUzbek\nVenda\nVenetian\nVietnamese\nWaray\nWelsh\nWolof\nXhosa\nYakut\nYiddish\nYoruba\nYucatec Maya\nZapotec\nZulu\nStages\nTranslation methodology\nIn April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine.\n[\n1\n]\nGoogle Translate does not apply\ngrammatical\nrules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator,\nFranz Josef Och\n, has criticized the effectiveness of\nrule-based\nalgorithms\nin favor of statistical approaches.\n[\n93\n]\n[\n94\n]\nOriginal versions of Google Translate were based on a method called\nstatistical machine translation\n, and more specifically, on research by Och who won the\nDARPA\ncontest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014.\n[\n95\n]\nGoogle Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2).\n[\n96\n]\n[\n97\n]\n[\n98\n]\n[\n8\n]\n[\n99\n]\nHowever, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating\nvous\nfrom French to Russian gives\nvous\n→\nyou\n→\nты\nOR\nBы\/вы\n.\n[\n100\n]\nIf Google were using an unambiguous,\nartificial language\nas the intermediary, it would be\nvous\n→\nyou\n→\nBы\/вы\nOR\ntu\n→\nthou\n→\nты\n. Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as \"you all\" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language.\nThe following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English:\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nBelarusian\n(\nbe ↔ ru\n↔ en ↔ other);\nCatalan\n(\nca ↔ es\n↔ en ↔ other);\nGalician\n(\ngl ↔ pt\n↔ en ↔ other);\nHaitian Creole\n(\nht ↔ fr\n↔ en ↔ other);\nKorean\n(\nko ↔ ja\n↔ en ↔ other);\nSlovak\n(\nsk ↔ cs\n↔ en ↔ other);\nUkrainian\n(\nuk ↔ ru\n↔ en ↔ other);\n[\n99\n]\nUrdu\n(\nur ↔ hi\n↔ en ↔ other).\nAccording to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual\ntext corpus\n(or\nparallel collection\n) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words.\n[\n93\n]\nStatistical\nmodels\nfrom these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used\nUnited Nations\nand\nEuropean Parliament\ndocuments and transcripts.\n[\n101\n]\n[\n102\n]\nThe UN typically publishes documents in all six\nofficial UN languages\n, which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers.\n[\n103\n]\nWhen Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for\npatterns\nin hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes\ninformed guesses (AI)\nas to what an appropriate translation should be.\n[\n104\n]\nBefore October 2007, for languages other than\nArabic\n,\nChinese\nand\nRussian\n, Google Translate was based on\nSYSTRAN\n, a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as\nBabel Fish\n(now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on\nstatistical machine translation\ninstead,\n[\n105\n]\n[\n106\n]\nbefore transitioning to neural machine translation.\nGoogle used to have\ncrowdsourcing\nfeatures for volunteers to be a part of its \"Translate Community\", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy.\n[\n107\n]\n[\n108\n]\n[\n109\n]\n[\n110\n]\n[\n111\n]\nVolunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases.\nIn August 2016, a\nGoogle Crowdsource\napp was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered.\n[\n113\n]\n[\n114\n]\nThere were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version.\n[\n109\n]\nSecond, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip.\n[\n109\n]\nThird, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the \"suggest an edit\" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years.\n[\n115\n]\nDespite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024.\nStatistical machine translation\nAlthough Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another.\n[\n116\n]\n[\n117\n]\nNeural machine translation\nIn September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the\nGoogle Neural Machine Translation\nsystem (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate\n[\n2\n]\n[\n118\n]\nand in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT.\nGoogle Translate's\nneural machine translation\nsystem used a large\nend-to-end\nartificial neural network\nthat attempts to perform\ndeep learning\n,\n[\n2\n]\n[\n119\n]\n[\n120\n]\nin particular,\nlong short-term memory\nnetworks.\n[\n121\n]\n[\n122\n]\n[\n15\n]\n[\n123\n]\nGNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an\nexample-based machine translation\n(EBMT) method in which the system \"learns from millions of examples.\"\n[\n119\n]\nAccording to Google researchers, it translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".\n[\n2\n]\nGNMT's \"proposed architecture\" of \"system learning\" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.\n[\n119\n]\nWith the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that \"the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations.\"\n[\n2\n]\nThe GNMT network attempts\ninterlingual machine translation\n, which encodes the \"semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations\",\n[\n119\n]\n[\n98\n]\nand the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses \"the commonality found in between many languages\".\n[\n124\n]\nGNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.\n[\n2\n]\n[\n118\n]\nIn March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese,\n[\n125\n]\nfollowed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April.\n[\n126\n]\nSince 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on\ntransformers\n.\n[\n127\n]\nAccuracy\nGoogle Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages.\n[\n128\n]\n[\n14\n]\nAccuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances.\n[\n129\n]\nHuman evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater.\n[\n11\n]\nA few studies have evaluated Chinese,\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nFrench,\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nGerman,\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nand Spanish\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nto English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements\n[\n11\n]\nindicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English.\n[\n130\n]\nResearch conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the\nUCLA\nminimum score for the English Proficiency Exam.\n[\n131\n]\nDue to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion.\n[\n132\n]\nMoreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation.\n[\n132\n]\nFurthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average.\n[\n14\n]\nWhen used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between\npolysemic words\n. Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has\nmore than 15 senses\n,\n[\n133\n]\nwhich makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50\/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality\ncorpus\noccurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm.\n[\n34\n]\nLimitations\nGoogle Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with\npolysemy\n(the multiple meanings a word may have)\n[\n134\n]\n[\n14\n]\nand\nmultiword expressions\n(terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them).\n[\n135\n]\nA word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate.\n[\n136\n]\nGoogle Translate struggles to differentiate between\nimperfect\nand\nperfect\naspects\nin Romance languages. The\nsubjunctive mood\nis often erroneous.\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nMoreover, the formal second person (\nvous\n) is often chosen, whatever the context.\n[\ncitation needed\n]\nSince its English reference material contains only \"you\" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with \"you all\" or formal \"you\" variations.\nDue to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages.\n[\n14\n]\nSome languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents.\n[\n11\n]\n[\n137\n]\nNo languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the\nEuroparl Corpus\n, a trove of documents from the\nEuropean Parliament\nthat have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate,\n[\n138\n]\nand 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well.\n[\n139\n]\n[\n140\n]\nHowever, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits.\n[\n138\n]\nThe service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once.\n[\n25\n]\nTherefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function.\n[\n25\n]\nOpen-source licenses and components\nLanguage\nWordNet\nLicense\nAlbanian\nAlbanet\nCC BY 3.0\n\/\nGPL 3\nArabic\nArabic WordNet\nCC BY-SA 3.0\nCatalan\nMultilingual Central Repository\nCC BY 3.0\nChinese\nChinese Wordnet\nWordnet\nDanish\nDanNet\nWordnet\nEnglish\nPrinceton WordNet\nWordnet\nFinnish\nFinnWordNet\nWordnet\nFrench\nWOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français)\nCeCILL\n-C\nGalician\nMultilingual Central Repository\nCC BY 3.0\nHaitian Creole\nMIT-Haiti Initiative\nCC BY 4.0\nHebrew\nHebrew Wordnet\nWordnet\nIndonesian\nWordnet Bahasa\nMIT\nItalian\nMultiWordNet\nCC BY 3.0\nJapanese\nJapanese Wordnet\nWordnet\nMalay\nWordnet Bahasa\nMIT\nNorwegian\nNorwegian Wordnet\nWordnet\nPersian\nPersian Wordnet\nFree-to-use\nPolish\nplWordNet\nWordnet\nPortuguese\nOpenWN-PT\nCC BY-SA 3.0\nSpanish\nMultilingual Central Repository\nCC BY 3.0\nThai\nThai Wordnet\nWordnet\nIrish language data from\nForas na Gaeilge\n's New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin.\nCertain content is copyrighted by\nOxford University Press\n, United States. Some phrase translations come from\nWikitravel\n.\n[\n141\n]\nReviews\nShortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation.\n[\n142\n]\nTranslation mistakes and oddities\nSince Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors,\n[\n143\n]\noften swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language,\n[\n144\n]\nas well as inverting sentence meaning.\n[\n145\n]\nNovelty websites like\nBad Translator\nand Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages,\n[\n146\n]\nsimilar to the children's game\ntelephone\n.\n[\n147\n]\nCertain texts in Japanese have shown to be translated to \"Replying to @sarah_mcdonald(s)\" in English, often with no relation to the source text. Examples include \"もーるるるるるるるる\", \"バチバチで草\" and \"絵にfう\".\n[\n148\n]\nThis has been asked on multiple platforms, including\nYouTube\n.\n[\n149\n]\nSee also\nApertium\nBaidu Fanyi\nComparison of machine translation applications\nDeepL Translator\nGoogle Dictionary\nGoogle Translator Toolkit\nList of Google products\nMicrosoft Translator\nPROMT\nSpeech Recognition & Synthesis\nSYSTRAN\nTranslate (Apple)\nYandex Translate\nReferences\n^\na\nb\nc\nOch, Franz Josef\n(April 28, 2006).\n\"Statistical machine translation live\"\n.\nGoogle AI\nBlog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 23, 2018\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 15,\n2011\n.\n^\na\nb\nc\nd\ne\nf\ng\nTurovsky, Barak (November 15, 2016).\n\"Found in translation: More accurate, fluent sentences in Google Translate\"\n.\nThe Keyword\nGoogle\nBlog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 7, 2017\n. Retrieved\nDecember 1,\n2016\n.\n^\n\"Translations Made Simple: The Usefulness of Translation Apps\"\n.\nUlatus\n. 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Retrieved\nMay 6,\n2016\n.\n^\n\"Google Translate API (deprecated)\"\n.\nGoogle Code\n.\nGoogle\nInc. Archived from\nthe original\non August 22, 2011\n. Retrieved\nMay 28,\n2011\n.\n^\nGrunwald, Dave (June 4, 2011).\n\"Google cancels plan to shutdown Translate API. To start charging for translations\"\n.\nGTS Blog\n. Archived from\nthe original\non June 30, 2011\n. Retrieved\nJune 4,\n2011\n.\n^\nWong, George (May 27, 2011).\n\"Google gets rid of APIs for Translate and other services\"\n.\nUbergizmo\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 31, 2011\n. Retrieved\nMay 28,\n2011\n.\n^\nBurnette, Ed (May 27, 2011).\n\"Google pulls the rug out from under web service API developers, nixes Google Translate and 17 others\"\n.\nZDNet\n.\nRed Ventures\n;\nCBS Interactive\n(at the time of publication).\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 21, 2014\n. Retrieved\nMay 28,\n2011\n.\n^\nHenderson, Fergus (May 11, 2010).\n\"Giving a voice to more languages on Google Translate\"\n.\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 26, 2016\n. Retrieved\nMay 12,\n2010\n.\n^\nVenugopal, Ashish (May 13, 2010).\n\"Five more languages on translate.google.com\"\n.\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 9, 2017\n. Retrieved\nMay 14,\n2010\n.\n^\nUszkoreit, Jakob (September 30, 2010).\n\"Veni, Vidi, Verba Verti (Official Google Blog)\"\n[I came, I saw, I turned the words].\nOfficial\nGoogle\nBlog\n(in Latin).\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on October 2, 2010\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 30,\n2010\n.\n^\nUszkoreit, Jakob; Bayer, Ben (October 1, 2010).\n\"Veni, Vidi, Verba Verti (Google Translate Blog)\"\n[I came, I saw, I turned the words].\nGoogle Translate Blog\n(in English and Latin).\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 9, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 11,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Google picks SVOX for Translate and Dictionary services\"\n.\nZürich\n,\nSwitzerland\n: SVOX. December 17, 2010. Archived from\nthe original\non December 26, 2010\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 20,\n2011\n.\n^\nVenugopal, Ashish (June 21, 2011).\n\"Google Translate welcomes you to the Indic web\"\n.\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 6, 2017\n. Retrieved\nJune 21,\n2011\n.\n^\nBrants, Thorsten (February 22, 2012).\n\"Tutmonda helplingvo por ĉiuj homoj\"\n[A global auxiliary language for all people].\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on September 4, 2016\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 24,\n2015\n.\n^\nBrants, Thorsten (September 13, 2012).\n\"Translating Lao\"\n.\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on February 2, 2017\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 19,\n2012\n.\n^\nCrum, Chris (September 13, 2012).\n\"Google Adds Its 65th Language To Google Translate With Lao\"\n.\nWebProNews\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on November 6, 2018\n. Retrieved\nSeptember 19,\n2012\n.\n^\nOng, Josh (April 19, 2013).\n\"Google Translate Now Supports 66 Languages After Adding Khmer\"\n.\nTNW News\n.\nFinancial Times\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 25, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 25,\n2021\n.\n^\nNoda, Tam (May 10, 2013).\n\"Google Translate goes Cebuano\"\n.\nThe Philippine Star\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 25, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 25,\n2021\n.\n^\nLiyanage, Vimukthi (December 12, 2014).\n\"Google සිංහල පරිවර්ථන සේවය අද සිට ක්‍රියාත්මකයි !\"\nGoogle siṁhala parivarthana sēvaya ada siṭa kriyātmakayi !\n[Google Sinhala translation service is active from today !].\nTechGuru.lk\n(in Sinhala).\nArchived\nfrom the original on August 1, 2021\n. Retrieved\nAugust 1,\n2021\n.\n^\n\"Google can now translate text into Sindhi, Pashto and vice versa\"\n.\nDawn\n.\nDawn Media Group\n. February 19, 2016.\nArchived\nfrom the original on February 29, 2016\n. Retrieved\nMarch 2,\n2016\n.\n^\n\"Google adds Sindhi to its translate language options\"\n.\nDNA India\n.\nEssel Group\n. February 18, 2016.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 16, 2018\n. Retrieved\nMarch 2,\n2016\n.\n^\n\"Google adds Sindhi to its translate language options\"\n.\nYahoo! News\n.\nYahoo!\n.\nAsian News International\n. February 18, 2016. Archived from\nthe original\non April 13, 2021\n. Retrieved\nMarch 2,\n2016\n.\n^\nAhmed, Ali (February 18, 2016).\n\"Google Translate now includes Sindhi and Pashto\"\n.\nBusiness Recorder\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 26, 2016\n. Retrieved\nMarch 2,\n2016\n.\n^\nShu, Catherine (February 17, 2016).\n\"Google Translate Now Has More Than 100 Languages And Covers 99 Percent Of The Online Population\"\n.\nTechCrunch\n.\nAOL\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 19, 2023\n. Retrieved\nDecember 25,\n2021\n.\n^\nSandilo, Tariq (February 21, 2016).\n\"گوگل تي سنڌي ٻولي\"\n[Sindhi language on Google].\nSarwan.pk\n(in Sindhi).\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 30, 2021\n. Retrieved\nMarch 2,\n2016\n.\n^\nHumphries, Matthew (February 27, 2020).\n\"Google Translate Adds 5 New Languages\"\n.\nPCMag\n.\nZiff Davis\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 25, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 25,\n2021\n.\n^\nWilde, Damien (May 11, 2022).\n\"Google Translate adds support for 24 new languages, now supports over 130\"\n.\n9to5Google\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 11, 2022\n. Retrieved\nMay 11,\n2022\n.\n^\nLi, Abner (June 27, 2024).\n\"Google Translate adding support for 110 new languages, including Cantonese\"\n.\n9to5Google\n. Retrieved\nJuly 1,\n2024\n.\n^\nShurmakevych, Vira (October 18, 2024).\n\"Crimean Tatar language in Latin script now available in Google Translate\"\n.\nUkrainska Pravda\n. Retrieved\nOctober 24,\n2024\n.\n^\n\"Language expansion\"\n. Google Inc\n. Retrieved\nOctober 28,\n2024\n.\n^\na\nb\nOch, Franz Josef\n(September 12, 2005).\n\"Statistical Machine Translation: Foundations and Recent Advances\"\n(PDF)\n.\nmt-archive.com\n.\nPhuket\n,\nThailand\n: Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. Archived from\nthe original\n(PDF)\non February 25, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 19,\n2010\n.\n^\nMT Summit X: The Tenth Machine Translation Summit (proceedings)\n.\nPhuket\n,\nThailand\n: Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. September 12–16, 2005.\nISBN\n \n9789747431261\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 26, 2023\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 4,\n2022\n.\n^\n\"Franz Och, Ph.D., Expert in Machine Learning and Machine Translation, Joins Human Longevity, Inc. as Chief Data Scientist\"\n(Press release).\nLa Jolla\n,\nCA\n: Human Longevity, Inc. July 29, 2014. Archived from\nthe original\non August 7, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 15,\n2015\n.\n^\nFrench to Russian translation translates the untranslated non-French word \"obvious\" from pivot (intermediate) English to Russian\nArchived\nDecember 31, 2021, at the\nWayback Machine\nle mot 'obvious' n'est pas français\n→\n\"очевидными\" слово не французское\n^\nWe pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French.\nArchived\nFebruary 3, 2022, at the\nWayback Machine\nGoogle, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. The word \"\naußergewöhnlich\n\" however will be translated twice.\n^\na\nb\nBoitet, Christian; Blanchon, Hervé; Seligman, Mark; Bellynck, Valérie (January 31, 2011).\n\"MT on and for the Web\"\n(PDF)\n.\nclips-imag.fr\n. Archived from\nthe original\n(PDF)\non March 29, 2017\n. Retrieved\nOctober 23,\n2011\n.\n^\na\nb\nP.Y. (October 25, 2010).\n\"Wrong translation to Ukrainian language\"\n.\nGoogle\nInc\n. Retrieved\nOctober 23,\n2011\n.\n{{\ncite web\n}}\n:  CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (\nlink\n)\n^\nGoogle Translation mixes up \"\ntu\n\" and plural or polite \"\nvous\n\"\nArchived\nDecember 31, 2021, at the\nWayback Machine\nJe vous aime. Tu es ici.\nYou are here. →\nЯ люблю тебя. Вы здесь. Вы здесь.\n^\nAdams, Tim (December 19, 2010).\n\"Can Google break the computer language barrier?\"\n.\nThe Guardian\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 13, 2017\n. Retrieved\nMay 28,\n2017\n.\n^\nTanner, Adam (March 28, 2007).\n\"Google seeks world of instant translations\"\n.\nReuters\n.\nThomson Reuters\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 5, 2016\n. Retrieved\nDecember 17,\n2008\n.\n^\nGoogle was an official sponsor of the annual Computational Linguistics in Japan Conference (\"\nGengoshorigakkai\n\") in 2007. Google also sent a delegate from its headquarters to the meeting of the members of the Computational Linguistic Society of Japan in March 2005, promising funding to researchers who would be willing to share text data.\n^\n\"Inside Google Translate (old)\"\n.\nGoogle Translate\n.\nGoogle\nInc. Archived from\nthe original\non August 22, 2010\n. Retrieved\nMay 28,\n2013\n.\n^\nChitu, Alex (October 22, 2007).\n\"Google Switches to Its Own Translation System\"\n.\nUnofficial\nGoogle\nBlog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 29, 2017\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 15,\n2011\n.\n^\nSchwartz, Barry (October 23, 2007).\n\"Google Translate Drops Systran For Home Brewed Translation\"\n.\nSearch Engine Land\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on July 1, 2010\n. Retrieved\nJuly 23,\n2010\n.\n^\nSouthern, Matt (July 28, 2014).\n\"Google Seeks Community Help To Improve Google Translate\"\n.\nSEJ\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 5, 2016\n. Retrieved\nMay 26,\n2017\n.\n^\nKelman, Sveta (July 25, 2014).\n\"Translate Community: Help us improve Google Translate!\"\n.\nGoogle Translate Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 22, 2017\n. Retrieved\nMay 26,\n2017\n.\n^\na\nb\nc\n\"Help Us Improve the Google Translate Tool\"\n.\nGoogle Translate\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 6, 2020\n. Retrieved\nNovember 20,\n2018\n.\n^\nLardinois, Frederic (July 25, 2014).\n\"Google Wants To Improve Its Translations Through Crowdsourcing\"\n.\nTechCrunch\n.\nAOL\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on August 17, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJuly 13,\n2017\n.\n^\nSummers, Nick (July 25, 2014).\n\"Google sets up a community site to help improve Google Translate\"\n.\nTNW\n.\nFinancial Times\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 24, 2021\n. Retrieved\nJuly 13,\n2017\n.\n^\nWhitwam, Ryan (August 29, 2016).\n\"New Google Crowdsource app asks you to help with translation and text transcription a few seconds at a time\"\n.\nAndroid Police\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on October 12, 2016\n. Retrieved\nOctober 11,\n2016\n.\n^\nShankland, Stephen (August 29, 2016).\n\"New Crowdsource app lets you work for Google for free\"\n.\nCNET\n.\nRed Ventures\n;\nCBS Interactive\n(at the time of publication).\nArchived\nfrom the original on November 8, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJuly 13,\n2017\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019).\n\"Myth 5: Google Translate learns from its users - Qualitative Analysis of Google Translate across 108 Languages\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 30, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 25,\n2019\n.\n^\nLange, William (February 7, 2017).\n\"Statistical Vs Neural Machine Translation\"\n. United Language Group. Archived from\nthe original\non November 15, 2018\n. Retrieved\nNovember 27,\n2018\n.\n^\n\"Statistical Vs. Neural Machine Translation\"\n. United Language Group. Archived from\nthe original\non March 28, 2019\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 4,\n2022\n.\n^\na\nb\nLe, Quoc V.; Schuster, Mike (September 27, 2016).\n\"A Neural Network for Machine Translation, at Production Scale\"\n.\nGoogle AI\nBlog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 7, 2018\n. Retrieved\nOctober 11,\n2016\n.\n^\na\nb\nc\nd\nSchuster, Mike; Johnson, Melvin; Thorat, Nikhil (November 22, 2016).\n\"Zero-Shot Translation with Google's Multilingual Neural Machine Translation System\"\n.\nGoogle AI\nBlog\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on May 7, 2018\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 11,\n2017\n.\n^\nFewster, Gil (January 5, 2017).\n\"The mind-blowing AI announcement from Google that you probably missed\"\n.\nfreeCodeCamp\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 17, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 11,\n2017\n.\n^\nHochreiter, Sepp\n;\nSchmidhuber, Jürgen\n(November 15, 1997).\n\"Long short-term memory\"\n.\nNeural Computation\n.\n9\n(8):\n1735–\n1780.\ndoi\n:\n10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735\n.\nPMID\n \n9377276\n.\nS2CID\n \n1915014\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 22, 2021\n. Retrieved\nMay 14,\n2017\n.\n^\n^\nCade, Metz (September 27, 2016).\n\"An Infusion of AI Makes Google Translate More Powerful Than Ever\"\n.\nWired\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on November 8, 2020\n. Retrieved\nMay 14,\n2017\n.\n^\nMcDonald, Chris (January 7, 2017).\n\"Ok slow down\"\n.\nMedium\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on June 22, 2017\n. Retrieved\nJanuary 11,\n2017\n.\n^\nDavenport, Corbin (March 6, 2017).\n\"Google Translate now uses neural machine translation for some languages\"\n.\nAndroid Police\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 27, 2017\n. Retrieved\nApril 26,\n2017\n.\n^\nHager, Ryne (April 25, 2017).\n\"Google adds Indonesian and eight new Indian languages to its neural machine translation\"\n.\nAndroid Police\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 26, 2017\n. Retrieved\nApril 26,\n2017\n.\n^\nCaswell, Isaac; Liang, Bowen (June 8, 2020).\n\"Recent Advances in Google Translate\"\n.\nGoogle Research Blog\n.\nGoogle\nInc\n. Retrieved\nMay 8,\n2024\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (March 30, 2019).\n\"The 5 conditions for satisfactory approximations with Google Translate - Conclusions: Real Data, Fake Data & Google Translate\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 24, 2019\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (March 30, 2019).\n\"Empirical Evaluation of Google Translate across 107 Languages\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 24, 2019\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (March 30, 2019).\n\"Non-English Pairs - Empirical Evaluation of Google Translate across 107 Languages\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 24, 2019\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nAiken, Milam; Balan, Shilpa (April 2011).\n\"An Analysis of Google Translate Accuracy\"\n.\nTranslation Journal\n.\n16\n(2).\nArchived\nfrom the original on November 20, 2018\n. Retrieved\nNovember 29,\n2018\n.\n^\na\nb\nLi, Haiying; Graesser, Arthur; Cai, Zhiqiang (May 3, 2014).\n\"Comparison of Google Translation with Human Translation\"\n(PDF)\n.\nProceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference\n. FLAIRS Conference.\nS2CID\n \n14905135\n. Archived from\nthe original\n(PDF)\non December 5, 2018\n. Retrieved\nNovember 29,\n2018\n– via\nSemantic Scholar\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019).\n\"Polysemy in top 100 Oxford English Corpus words within Wiktionary\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on December 26, 2019\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019).\n\"Polysemy – words with multiple meanings - The Astounding Mathematics of Machine Translation\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 16, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nBenjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019).\n\"Party terms (or multiword expressions) – words that play together - The Astounding Mathematics of Machine Translation\"\n.\nTeach You Backwards\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 16, 2021\n. Retrieved\nDecember 26,\n2019\n.\n^\nRahmannia, Mia; Triyono, Sulis (May 31, 2019). \"A Study of Google Translate Translations: An Error Analysis of Indonesian-to-English Texts\".\nSSRN\n \n3456744\n.\nInternational Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT) 2(3):196-200, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2020\n^\nFreitas, Connor; Liu, Yudong (December 15, 2017).\n\"Exploring the Differences between Human and Machine Translation\"\n.\nWestern Washington University\n: 5.\nArchived\nfrom the original on August 1, 2020\n. Retrieved\nDecember 5,\n2018\n.\n^\na\nb\nShen, Ethan (June 2010).\n\"Comparison of online machine translation tools\"\n.\nTCWorld\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on February 10, 2011\n. Retrieved\nJuly 23,\n2010\n.\n^\nPecoraro, Christopher (August 17, 2011).\n\"Microsoft Bing Translator and Google Translate Compared\"\n.\nchrispecoraro.com\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on February 21, 2019\n. Retrieved\nApril 8,\n2012\n.\n^\nPecoraro, Christopher (January 30, 2012).\n\"Microsoft Bing Translator and Google Translate compared (update)\"\n.\nchrispecoraro.com\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on February 22, 2019\n. Retrieved\nApril 8,\n2012\n.\n^\n\"Open source components and licenses\"\n.\nGoogle Translate\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 20, 2022\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 4,\n2022\n.\n^\nNielsen, Michael A.\n(October 3, 2011).\nReinventing discovery: the new era of networked science\n.\nPrinceton\n,\nNJ\n:\nPrinceton University Press\n. p. 125.\nISBN\n \n978-0-691-14890-8\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on March 26, 2023\n. Retrieved\nFebruary 24,\n2012\n.\n^\nGomes, Lee (July 22, 2010).\n\"Google Translate Tangles With Computer Learning\"\n.\nForbes\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on November 29, 2020\n. Retrieved\nJuly 22,\n2010\n.\n^\nWeinberg, Nathan (September 10, 2007).\n\"Google Translates Ivan the Terrible as \"Abraham Lincoln\"\n\"\n.\nBlog News Channel\n. Archived from\nthe original\non September 12, 2007\n. Retrieved\nJuly 22,\n2010\n.\n^\nTwisted Translations\n(February 10, 2015).\n\"Google Translate Sings: \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" by Queen\"\n.\nYouTube\n.\nGoogle\nInc.\nArchived\nfrom the original on April 14, 2016\n. Retrieved\nApril 26,\n2016\n.\n^\nTopolyanskaya, Alyona (January 28, 2010).\n\"Google Lost in Translation\"\n.\nThe Moscow News\n. Archived from\nthe original\non August 13, 2010\n. Retrieved\nJuly 22,\n2010\n.\n^\nKincaid, Jason (August 7, 2009).\n\"Translation Party: Tapping Into Google Translate's Untold Creative Genius\"\n.\nTechCrunch\n.\nAOL\n.\nArchived\nfrom the original on January 22, 2021\n. Retrieved\nMarch 17,\n2017\n.\n^\n\"Google Translate\"\n.\ntranslate.google.co.in\n. Retrieved\nMay 5,\n2025\n.\n^\nElle Stone (December 18, 2024).\nWeird Google Translation - Replying to Sarah McDonald | Weird Wednesday\n. Retrieved\nMay 5,\n2025\n– via YouTube.\nExternal links\nOfficial website\nContribute","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Google+Translate \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Google+Translate \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPersonal tools\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Google+Translate \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Google+Translate \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate)\n- [1 History](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#History)\n- [2 Functions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Functions)\n- [3 Features](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Features)\n  Toggle Features subsection\n  - [3\\.1 Web interface](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Web_interface)\n    - [3\\.1.1 Browser integration](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Browser_integration)\n  - [3\\.2 Mobile app](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Mobile_app)\n  - [3\\.3 API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#API)\n  - [3\\.4 Google Assistant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Google_Assistant)\n- [4 Supported languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Supported_languages)\n  Toggle Supported languages subsection\n  - [4\\.1 Stages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Stages)\n- [5 Translation methodology](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Translation_methodology)\n  Toggle Translation methodology subsection\n  - [5\\.1 Google Translate Community](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Google_Translate_Community)\n  - [5\\.2 Statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Statistical_machine_translation)\n  - [5\\.3 Neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Neural_machine_translation)\n- [6 Accuracy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Accuracy)\n- [7 Limitations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Limitations)\n- [8 Open-source licenses and components](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Open-source_licenses_and_components)\n- [9 Reviews](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Reviews)\n  Toggle Reviews subsection\n  - [9\\.1 Translation mistakes and oddities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Translation_mistakes_and_oddities)\n- [10 See also](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#See_also)\n- [11 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#References)\n- [12 External links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#External_links)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Google Translate\n120 languages\n\n- [Afrikaans](https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Afrikaans\")\n- [Ænglisc](https:\/\/ang.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Old English\")\n- [العربية](https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84 \"ترجمة جوجل – Arabic\")\n- [مصرى](https:\/\/arz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84 \"ترجمة جوجل – Egyptian Arabic\")\n- [অসমীয়া](https:\/\/as.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF \"গুগল ভাঙনি – Assamese\")\n- [Asturianu](https:\/\/ast.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Asturian\")\n- [Aymar aru](https:\/\/ay.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Aymara\")\n- [Azərbaycanca](https:\/\/az.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Azerbaijani\")\n- [Basa Bali](https:\/\/ban.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Balinese\")\n- [Bikol Central](https:\/\/bcl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Central Bikol\")\n- [Беларуская (тарашкевіца)](https:\/\/be-tarask.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)\")\n- [Беларуская](https:\/\/be.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Belarusian\")\n- [Betawi](https:\/\/bew.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gugel_Tarjiman \"Gugel Tarjiman – Betawi\")\n- [Български](https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87 \"Гугъл преводач – Bulgarian\")\n- [বাংলা](https:\/\/bn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6 \"গুগল অনুবাদ – Bangla\")\n- [Català](https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traductor_de_Google \"Traductor de Google – Catalan\")\n- [Cebuano](https:\/\/ceb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Cebuano\")\n- [کوردی](https:\/\/ckb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8E%DA%95%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%DA%B5 \"وەرگێڕی گووگڵ – Central Kurdish\")\n- [Čeština](https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/P%C5%99eklada%C4%8D_Google \"Překladač Google – Czech\")\n- [Cymraeg](https:\/\/cy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Welsh\")\n- [Dansk](https:\/\/da.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Danish\")\n- [Deutsch](https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%C3%9Cbersetzer \"Google Übersetzer – German\")\n- [Zazaki](https:\/\/diq.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Dimli\")\n- [ދިވެހިބަސް](https:\/\/dv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DE%8E%DE%AB%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%B0_%DE%93%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%AD%DE%93%DE%B0 \"ގޫގުލް ޓްރާންސްލޭޓް – Divehi\")\n- [Ελληνικά](https:\/\/el.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7_Google \"Μετάφραση Google – Greek\")\n- [Esperanto](https:\/\/eo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google-Tradukilo \"Google-Tradukilo – Esperanto\")\n- [Español](https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traductor_de_Google \"Traductor de Google – Spanish\")\n- [Eesti](https:\/\/et.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Estonian\")\n- [Euskara](https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Basque\")\n- [فارسی](https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84 \"مترجم گوگل – Persian\")\n- [Suomi](https:\/\/fi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_K%C3%A4%C3%A4nt%C3%A4j%C3%A4 \"Google Kääntäjä – Finnish\")\n- [Français](https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Traduction \"Google Traduction – French\")\n- [Furlan](https:\/\/fur.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tradut%C3%B4r \"Google Tradutôr – Friulian\")\n- [Gaeilge](https:\/\/ga.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Irish\")\n- [Galego](https:\/\/gl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Galician\")\n- [Avañe'ẽ](https:\/\/gn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Guarani\")\n- [ગુજરાતી](https:\/\/gu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B2_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6 \"ગૂગલ અનુવાદ – Gujarati\")\n- [עברית](https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9D \"גוגל תרגום – Hebrew\")\n- [हिन्दी](https:\/\/hi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6 \"गूगल अनुवाद – Hindi\")\n- [Hrvatski](https:\/\/hr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_prevoditelj \"Google prevoditelj – Croatian\")\n- [Kreyòl ayisyen](https:\/\/ht.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_tradikt%C3%A8 \"Google tradiktè – Haitian Creole\")\n- [Magyar](https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Ford%C3%ADt%C3%B3 \"Google Fordító – Hungarian\")\n- [Հայերեն](https:\/\/hy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A3%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B9 \"Գուգլ Թարգմանիչ – Armenian\")\n- [Արեւմտահայերէն](https:\/\/hyw.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%A8%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B9 \"Կուկըլ Թարգմանիչ – Western Armenian\")\n- [Jaku Iban](https:\/\/iba.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Iban\")\n- [Bahasa Indonesia](https:\/\/id.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Terjemahan \"Google Terjemahan – Indonesian\")\n- [Ilokano](https:\/\/ilo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Iloko\")\n- [Íslenska](https:\/\/is.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Icelandic\")\n- [Italiano](https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Traduttore \"Google Traduttore – Italian\")\n- [日本語](https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%E7%BF%BB%E8%A8%B3 \"Google 翻訳 – Japanese\")\n- [ქართული](https:\/\/ka.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Georgian\")\n- [Qaraqalpaqsha](https:\/\/kaa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Awdarmash%C4%B1 \"Google Awdarmashı – Kara-Kalpak\")\n- [Қазақша](https:\/\/kk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B \"Google Аудармашы – Kazakh\")\n- [ಕನ್ನಡ](https:\/\/kn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0 \"ಗೂಗಲ್ ಭಾಷಾಂತರ – Kannada\")\n- [한국어](https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80_%EB%B2%88%EC%97%AD \"구글 번역 – Korean\")\n- [کٲشُر](https:\/\/ks.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%97%DA%AF%D9%8F%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%95 \"گوٗگُل ترجمہٕ – Kashmiri\")\n- [Kurdî](https:\/\/ku.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Werger \"Google Werger – Kurdish\")\n- [Кыргызча](https:\/\/ky.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83 \"Google Котормочу – Kyrgyz\")\n- [Лезги](https:\/\/lez.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8 \"Google таржумачи – Lezghian\")\n- [Ligure](https:\/\/lij.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tradutt%C3%B4 \"Google Traduttô – Ligurian\")\n- [ລາວ](https:\/\/lo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A5_%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2 \"ກູເກິລ ແປພາສາ – Lao\")\n- [Lietuvių](https:\/\/lt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Vert%C4%97jas \"Google Vertėjas – Lithuanian\")\n- [Latviešu](https:\/\/lv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_tulkot%C4%81js \"Google tulkotājs – Latvian\")\n- [Māori](https:\/\/mi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whakam%C4%81ori_Google \"Whakamāori Google – Māori\")\n- [Македонски](https:\/\/mk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87 \"Гугл преведувач – Macedonian\")\n- [മലയാളം](https:\/\/ml.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D \"ഗൂഗിൾ ട്രാൻസ്‌ലേറ്റ് – Malayalam\")\n- [ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ](https:\/\/mni.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%84 \"ꯒꯨꯒꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ – Manipuri\")\n- [Bahasa Melayu](https:\/\/ms.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Terjemah \"Google Terjemah – Malay\")\n- [မြန်မာဘာသာ](https:\/\/my.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%80%82%E1%80%B0%E1%80%82%E1%80%B2%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA \"ဂူဂဲဘာသာပြန် – Burmese\")\n- [नेपाली](https:\/\/ne.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6 \"गुगल अनुवाद – Nepali\")\n- [Nederlands](https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Dutch\")\n- [Norsk bokmål](https:\/\/no.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Oversetter \"Google Oversetter – Norwegian Bokmål\")\n- [ߒߞߏ](https:\/\/nqo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DF%9C%DF%AD%DF%8E%DF%9C%DF%8E%DF%AD%DF%9F_%DF%98%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%A1%DF%8C%DF%98%DF%8A%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%B2 \"ߜ߭ߎߜߎ߭ߟ ߘߟߊߡߌߘߊߟߊ߲ – N’Ko\")\n- [ਪੰਜਾਬੀ](https:\/\/pa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F \"ਗੂਗਲ ਟਰਾਂਸਲੇਟ – Punjabi\")\n- [Papiamentu](https:\/\/pap.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Papiamento\")\n- [Polski](https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%C5%82umacz_Google \"Tłumacz Google – Polish\")\n- [پنجابی](https:\/\/pnb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81 \"گوگل ترجمہ – Western Punjabi\")\n- [پښتو](https:\/\/ps.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AB%D9%88%DA%AB%D9%84_%DA%98%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%93%D9%86 \"ګوګل ژباړن – Pashto\")\n- [Português](https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tradutor \"Google Tradutor – Portuguese\")\n- [Runa Simi](https:\/\/qu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tikray \"Google Tikray – Quechua\")\n- [Romani čhib](https:\/\/rmy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Amboldipen \"Google Amboldipen – Vlax Romani\")\n- [Română](https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Traducere \"Google Traducere – Romanian\")\n- [Русский](https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA \"Google Переводчик – Russian\")\n- [ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ](https:\/\/sat.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F \"ᱜᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ – Santali\")\n- [Scots](https:\/\/sco.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Scots\")\n- [سنڌي](https:\/\/sd.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88 \"گوگل ترجمو – Sindhi\")\n- [Srpskohrvatski \/ српскохрватски](https:\/\/sh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Serbo-Croatian\")\n- [Taclḥit](https:\/\/shi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_assu%C9%A3l \"Google assuɣl – Tachelhit\")\n- [සිංහල](https:\/\/si.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA \"ගූගල් පරිවර්තකය – Sinhala\")\n- [Simple English](https:\/\/simple.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Simple English\")\n- [Slovenščina](https:\/\/sl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Prevajalnik \"Google Prevajalnik – Slovenian\")\n- [Soomaaliga](https:\/\/so.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Somali\")\n- [Shqip](https:\/\/sq.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_translate \"Google translate – Albanian\")\n- [Српски \/ srpski](https:\/\/sr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86 \"Google преводилац – Serbian\")\n- [Svenska](https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%C3%B6vers%C3%A4tt \"Google översätt – Swedish\")\n- [Kiswahili](https:\/\/sw.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tafsiri_\\(Google_Translate\\) \"Google Tafsiri (Google Translate) – Swahili\")\n- [ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ](https:\/\/syl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EA%A0%89%EA%A0%A5%EA%A0%89%EA%A0%9F_%EA%A0%90%EA%A0%86%EA%A0%9E%EA%A0%A3%EA%A0%98%EA%A0%86%EA%A0%8D%EA%A0%9F%EA%A0%A3%EA%A0%94%EA%A0%A6 \"ꠉꠥꠉꠟ ꠐ꠆ꠞꠣꠘ꠆ꠍꠟꠣꠔꠦ – Sylheti\")\n- [தமிழ்](https:\/\/ta.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81 \"கூகுள் மொழிபெயர்ப்பு – Tamil\")\n- [తెలుగు](https:\/\/te.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%82 \"గూగుల్ అనువాదం – Telugu\")\n- [ไทย](https:\/\/th.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2 \"กูเกิล แปลภาษา – Thai\")\n- [ትግርኛ](https:\/\/ti.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%93%E1%88%9A_%E1%8C%89%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%8D \"ተርጓሚ ጉግል – Tigrinya\")\n- [Türkmençe](https:\/\/tk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Terjime \"Google Terjime – Turkmen\")\n- [Tagalog](https:\/\/tl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Tagalog\")\n- [Toki pona](https:\/\/tok.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ilo_ante_toki_pi_ilo_Kuko \"ilo ante toki pi ilo Kuko – Toki Pona\")\n- [Türkçe](https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%C3%87eviri \"Google Çeviri – Turkish\")\n- [Татарча \/ tatarça](https:\/\/tt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%D0%A2%D3%99%D1%80%D2%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%87%D0%B5 \"Google Тәрҗемәче – Tatar\")\n- [ئۇيغۇرچە \/ Uyghurche](https:\/\/ug.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%DB%87%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%89%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_\\(%DA%AF%DB%87%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%86\\) \"گۇگول تەرجىمانى (گۇگول تىلماچ) – Uyghur\")\n- [Українська](https:\/\/uk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87_Google \"Перекладач Google – Ukrainian\")\n- [اردو](https:\/\/ur.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81 \"گوگل ترجمہ – Urdu\")\n- [Oʻzbekcha \/ ўзбекча](https:\/\/uz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tarjimon \"Google Tarjimon – Uzbek\")\n- [Vèneto](https:\/\/vec.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Venetian\")\n- [Tiếng Việt](https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_D%E1%BB%8Bch \"Google Dịch – Vietnamese\")\n- [吴语](https:\/\/wuu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91 \"Google翻译 – Wu\")\n- [მარგალური](https:\/\/xmf.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98 \"Google მათანგალი – Mingrelian\")\n- [Yorùbá](https:\/\/yo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Yoruba\")\n- [Vahcuengh](https:\/\/za.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Hoiz \"Google Hoiz – Zhuang\")\n- [ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ](https:\/\/zgh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%8D_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D \"ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵏ ⴳⵓⴳⵍ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight\")\n- [粵語](https:\/\/zh-yue.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF \"Google翻譯 – Cantonese\")\n- [中文](https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91 \"Google翻译 – Chinese\")\n- [IsiZulu](https:\/\/zu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"Google Translate – Zulu\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q135622#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Google_Translate \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate)\n- [View source](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=edit \"This page is protected.\n  You can view its source [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate)\n- [View source](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=edit)\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Google_Translate \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Google_Translate \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&oldid=1346148488 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Google_Translate&id=1346148488&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGoogle_Translate)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Google_Translate&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikimedia Commons](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Google_Translate)\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q135622 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n[![Page semi-protected](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/1\/1b\/Semi-protection-shackle.svg\/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi \"This article is semi-protected.\")\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nMultilingual neural machine translation service\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Google_Translate_logo.svg\/120px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) |   |\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/07\/Google_Translate_screenshot.png\/330px-Google_Translate_screenshot.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_screenshot.png)Google Translate website homepage |   |\n| Type of site | [Neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") |\n| Available in | 249 languages; see [below](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) |\n| Owner | [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") |\n| URL | [translate.google.com](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/) |\n| Commercial | Yes |\n| Registration | Optional |\n| [Users](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Registered_user \"Registered user\") | Over 500 million people daily |\n| Launched | April 28, 2006; 19 years ago (2006-04-28) (as [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\"))[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) November 15, 2016; 9 years ago (2016-11-15) (as [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\"))[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) |\n| Current status | Active |\n\n**Google Translate** is a [multilingual](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multilingualism \"Multilingualism\") [neural](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") [machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Machine_translation \"Machine translation\") service developed by [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") to [translate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translation \"Translation\") text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a [website interface](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_application \"Web application\"), a [mobile app](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_app \"Mobile app\") for [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\"), and an [API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/API \"API\") that helps developers build [browser extensions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Browser_extension \"Browser extension\") and [software applications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Application_software \"Application software\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-translations_made_simple-3) As of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages-5) It served over 200 million people daily in May 2013,[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people-6) and over 500 million total users as of April 2016[\\[update\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=edit),[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate-7) with more than 100 billion words translated daily.\n\nLaunched in April 2006 as a [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") service, it originally used [United Nations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations \"United Nations\") and [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") documents and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid,[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8) with a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations-9) During a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\") model to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized\\[*[by whom?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Words to watch\")*\\] on several occasions,[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hofstadter,_Douglas-10) has been measured to vary greatly across languages.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) In November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") engine – [Google Neural Machine Translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation \"Google Neural Machine Translation\") (GNMT) – which translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)\n\n## History\nGoogle Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages.\n\nOriginally, Google Translate was released as a [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") (SMT) service.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) The input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) Since SMT uses predictive [algorithms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algorithm \"Algorithm\") to translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12)\n\nIn January 2010, Google introduced an [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") app and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\") version in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) As of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12)\n\nIn May 2014, Google acquired [Word Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_Lens \"Word Lens\") to improve the quality of visual and voice translation.[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) It is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system [automatically identifies](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Language_identification \"Language identification\") foreign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever [speech translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_translation \"Speech translation\") is needed.[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13)\n\nIn November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\").[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) It uses [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\") techniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese.[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15) No measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14)\n\nIn 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at [Teesside](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teesside \"Teesside\") Magistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Corcoran,_Kieran-16)\n\nA petition for Google to add [Cree](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cree_language \"Cree language\") to Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure.[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chidley-Hill,_John-17)[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Beattie,_Samantha-18)\n\nAt the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in [mainland China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mainland_China \"Mainland China\"), which Google said was due to \"low usage\".[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wiggers,_Kyle-19)[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Strumpf,_Dan-20)\n\nIn 2024, a record of 110 languages including [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\"), [Tok Pisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tok_Pisin \"Tok Pisin\") and some regional languages in [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia \"Russia\") including [Bashkir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bashkir_language \"Bashkir language\"), [Chechen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechen_language \"Chechen language\"), [Ossetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossetian_language \"Ossetian language\") and [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") were added. The languages were added through the help of the [PaLM 2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PaLM_2 \"PaLM 2\") [Generative AI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Generative_AI \"Generative AI\") model.[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Jibin,_Joseph-21)[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olga,_Kusikova-22)\n\n## Functions\nGoogle Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) Specifically, its functions include:\n\n- **Written Words Translation:** a function that translates written words or text to a foreign language.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25)\n- **Website Translation:** a function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26)\n- **Document Translation:** a function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26)\n- **Speech Translation:** a function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27)\n- **Mobile App Translation:** in 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called \"Tap to Translate\", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_text_in_other_apps-28)\n- **Image Translation:** a function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_images-29)\n- **Handwritten Translation:** a function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard.[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)\n- **Bilingual Conversation Translation:** a function that translates conversations in multiple languages.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_a_bilingual_conversation-31)\n- **Transcription:** a function that transcribes speech in different languages.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Transcribe_in_Google_Translate-32)\n\nFor most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24)\n\n## Features\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/a\/a1\/Google_translate_webpage.png\/250px-Google_translate_webpage.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_translate_webpage.png)\n\n[English Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_Wikipedia \"English Wikipedia\")'s homepage translated into [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\")\n### Web interface\nGoogle Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) For some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text,[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) and in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-when_and_how_to_use_GT_dictionary-33) and has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) If \"Detect language\" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a [URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/URL \"URL\") in the source text, Google Translate will produce a [hyperlink](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyperlink \"Hyperlink\") to a machine translation of the website.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) Users can save translation proposals in a \"phrasebook\" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Save_translations-35)[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-AK,_Sony-36) For some languages, text can be entered via an [on-screen keyboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virtual_keyboard \"Virtual keyboard\"), whether through [handwriting recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Handwriting_recognition \"Handwriting recognition\") or [speech recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_recognition \"Speech recognition\").[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) It is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language.\n\nTexts written in the [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic_script \"Arabic script\"), [Cyrillic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyrillic_script \"Cyrillic script\"), [Devanagari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devanagari \"Devanagari\") and [Greek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_alphabet \"Greek alphabet\") scripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the [Latin alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin_alphabet \"Latin alphabet\"). The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2e\/Google_English_accent_map.svg\/250px-Google_English_accent_map.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_English_accent_map.svg)\n\nAccent of English that the \"text-to-speech\" audio of Google Translate of each country uses:\n\nBritish (Received Pronunciation) (female)\n\nGeneral American (female)\n\nGeneral Australian (female)\n\nIndian (female)\n\nNo Google translate service\n\nMany of the more popular languages have a \"text-to-speech\" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of [pluricentric languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pluricentric_language \"Pluricentric language\"), the accent depends on the region: for English, in the [Americas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Americas \"Americas\"), most of the [Asia–Pacific](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific \"Asia–Pacific\") and [West Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Asia \"West Asia\"), the audio uses a female [General American](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_American_English \"General American English\") accent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female [British](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_English \"British English\") ([Received Pronunciation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Received_Pronunciation \"Received Pronunciation\")) accent is used, except for a special [General Australian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_English \"Australian English\") accent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an [Indian English](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_English \"Indian English\") accent used in India; for Spanish, in the [Americas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Americas \"Americas\"), a [Latin American](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas \"Spanish language in the Americas\") accent is used, while in other parts of the world, a [Castilian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Castilian_Spanish \"Castilian Spanish\") accent is used; for [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\"), a [Quebec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quebec_French \"Quebec French\") accent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a [standard European accent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standard_French \"Standard French\") is used; for [Bengali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengali_language \"Bengali language\"), a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source [eSpeak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ESpeak \"ESpeak\") synthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand.\n\n#### Browser integration\nGoogle Translate is available in some [web browsers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_browser \"Web browser\") as an optional downloadable [extension](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Browser_extension \"Browser extension\") that can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Firefox-37)[\\[38\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chrome_Web_Store-38)[\\[39\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Baldwin,_Roberto-39) In February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the [Google Chrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome \"Google Chrome\") browser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation.[\\[40\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brinkmann,_Martin-40)[\\[41\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-TechWhack_Google_Chrome_Translate-41)[\\[42\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wauters,_Robin-42)\n\n### Mobile app\n| Google Translate |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Google_Translate_logo.svg\/250px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) |   |\n| Screenshot [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/1\/19\/Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png) A screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate |   |\n| [Developer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programmer \"Programmer\") | [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") |\n| Initial release | January 1, 2010; 16 years ago (2010-01-01) (for Android) February 8, 2011; 15 years ago (2011-02-08) (for iOS) |\n| [Stable release(s)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_release_life_cycle \"Software release life cycle\") [\\[±\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Latest_stable_software_release\/Google_Translate?action=edit) |   |\n|   |   |\n| Android | 10\\.1.35 (Build 855527520) \/ 13 January 2026; 2 months ago (2026-01-13)[\\[43\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-43)[\\[44\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-44) |\n| iOS | 10\\.2.280 \/ 20 January 2026; 2 months ago (2026-01-20)[\\[45\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-45) |\n| Google Chrome, discontinued | 2\\.0.16 \/ 5 September 2024; 18 months ago (2024-09-05)[\\[46\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-46) |\n| [Platform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computing_platform \"Computing platform\") | [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") [6\\.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Marshmallow \"Android Marshmallow\") and later [iOS 12](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS_12 \"IOS 12\").4 and later |\n| [Size](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File_size \"File size\") | 37\\.44 [MB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Megabyte \"Megabyte\") (Android) 177\\.4 MB (iOS) |\n| Available in | 249 languages; see [below](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) |\n| [Type](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches \"Software categories\") | [Neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") |\n| Website | [translate.google.com\/m?hl=en](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/m?hl=en) |\n\nThe Google Translate app for [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\") supports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in \"conversation mode\", and 27 via live video imagery in \"augmented reality mode\".[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)\n\nThe Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011,[\\[49\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Zhu,_Wenzhang-49) after an [HTML5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTML5 \"HTML5\") [web application](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_application \"Web application\") was released for iOS users in August 2008.[\\[50\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hutchinson,_Allen-50) The Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with [iPod Touches](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPod_Touch \"IPod Touch\"), [iPads](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPad \"IPad\") and [iPhones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPhone \"IPhone\") updated to iOS 7.0+.[\\[51\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-iTunes-51)\n\nA January 2011 Android version experimented with a \"Conversation Mode\" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language.[\\[52\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hachman,_Mark-52) Originally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October.[\\[53\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-53)[\\[54\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-54)[\\[55\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-55)\n\nThe 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using [optical character recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Optical_character_recognition \"Optical character recognition\") (OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages.\n\nIn January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the [Word Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_Lens \"Word Lens\") app.[\\[56\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_hello-56)[\\[57\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Russell,_Jon-57)[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) The original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes [convolutional neural networks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convolutional_neural_network \"Convolutional neural network\"), and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations ([augmented reality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augmented_reality \"Augmented reality\")).[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)[\\[58\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Good,_Otavio-58)[\\[59\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gush,_Andrew-59)[\\[60\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olanoff,_Drew-60) The feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived.[\\[61\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-instant_camera_translation-61)\n\nOn May 11, 2016, Google introduced *Tap to Translate* for Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations.[\\[62\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kastrenakes,_Jacob-62)\n\n### API\nOn May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate [API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/API \"API\") for [software developers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_development \"Software development\") had been deprecated and would cease functioning.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\\[65\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_Google_to_shut_down_Translate_API-65) The Translate API page stated the reason as \"substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse\" with an end date set for December 1, 2011.[\\[66\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_API-66) In response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\\[67\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_to_start_charging_for_translations-67)\n\nBecause the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products.[\\[68\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wong,_George-68)[\\[69\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Burnette,_Ed-69)\n\n### Google Assistant\nGoogle Translate also provides translations for [Google Assistant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Assistant \"Google Assistant\") and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as [Google Nest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nest_\\(smart_speakers\\) \"Google Nest (smart speakers)\") and [Pixel Buds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Buds \"Pixel Buds\").\n\n## Supported languages\nAs of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)\n\n1. [Abkhaz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abkhaz_language \"Abkhaz language\")\n2. [Acehnese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acehnese_language \"Acehnese language\")\n3. [Acholi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acholi_dialect \"Acholi dialect\")\n4. [Afar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afar_language \"Afar language\")\n5. [Afrikaans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afrikaans \"Afrikaans\")\n6. [Albanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albanian_language \"Albanian language\")\n7. [Alur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alur_language \"Alur language\")\n8. [Amharic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amharic \"Amharic\")\n9. [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic \"Arabic\")\n10. [Armenian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenian_language \"Armenian language\")\n11. [Assamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assamese_language \"Assamese language\")\n12. [Avar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avar_language \"Avar language\")\n13. [Awadhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Awadhi_language \"Awadhi language\")\n14. [Aymara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aymara_language \"Aymara language\")\n15. [Azerbaijani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijani_language \"Azerbaijani language\")\n16. [Balinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balinese_language \"Balinese language\")\n17. [Baluchi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balochi_language \"Balochi language\")\n18. [Bambara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bambara_language \"Bambara language\")\n19. [Baoulé](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baoul%C3%A9_language \"Baoulé language\")\n20. [Bashkir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bashkir_language \"Bashkir language\")\n21. [Basque](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basque_language \"Basque language\")\n22. [Batak Karo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Karo_language \"Batak Karo language\")\n23. [Batak Simalungun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Simalungun_language \"Batak Simalungun language\")\n24. [Batak Toba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toba_Batak_language \"Toba Batak language\")\n25. [Belarusian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_language \"Belarusian language\")\n26. [Bemba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bemba_language \"Bemba language\")\n27. [Bengali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengali_language \"Bengali language\")\n28. [Betawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betawi_language \"Betawi language\")\n29. [Bhojpuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bhojpuri_language \"Bhojpuri language\")\n30. [Bikol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Bikol \"Central Bikol\")\n31. [Bosnian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnian_language \"Bosnian language\")\n32. [Breton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breton_language \"Breton language\")\n33. [Bulgarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgarian_language \"Bulgarian language\")\n34. [Buryat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buryat_language \"Buryat language\")\n35. [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\")\n36. [Catalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_language \"Catalan language\")\n37. [Cebuano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cebuano_language \"Cebuano language\")\n38. [Chamorro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chamorro_language \"Chamorro language\")\n39. [Chechen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechen_language \"Chechen language\")\n40. [Chichewa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chewa_language \"Chewa language\")\n41. [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Simplified](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"))\n42. [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Traditional](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"))\n43. [Chuukese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuukese_language \"Chuukese language\")\n44. [Chuvash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuvash_language \"Chuvash language\")\n45. [Corsican](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corsican_language \"Corsican language\")\n46. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Cyrillic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n47. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n48. [Croatian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_language \"Croatian language\")\n49. [Czech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_language \"Czech language\")\n50. [Danish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danish_language \"Danish language\")\n51. [Dari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dari \"Dari\")\n52. [Dhivehi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maldivian_language \"Maldivian language\")\n53. [Dinka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinka_language \"Dinka language\")\n54. [Dogri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dogri_language \"Dogri language\")\n55. [Dombe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tonga_language_\\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\\) \"Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)\")\n56. [Dutch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_language \"Dutch language\")\n57. [Dyula](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dyula_language \"Dyula language\")\n58. [Dzongkha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dzongkha \"Dzongkha\")\n59. [English](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_language \"English language\")\n60. [Esperanto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esperanto \"Esperanto\")\n61. [Estonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonian_language \"Estonian language\")\n62. [Ewe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ewe_language \"Ewe language\")\n63. [Faroese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faroese_language \"Faroese language\")\n64. [Fijian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fijian_language \"Fijian language\")\n65. [Filipino](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipino_language \"Filipino language\")\n66. [Finnish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finnish_language \"Finnish language\")\n67. [Fon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fon_language \"Fon language\")\n68. [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\")\n69. [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\") ([Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_French \"Canadian French\"))\n70. [Frisian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Frisian_language \"West Frisian language\")\n71. [Friulian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friulian_language \"Friulian language\")\n72. [Fulani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fula_language \"Fula language\")\n73. [Ga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ga_language \"Ga language\")\n74. [Galician](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician_language \"Galician language\")\n75. [Georgian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgian_language \"Georgian language\")\n76. [German](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_language \"German language\")\n77. [Greek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_language \"Greek language\")\n78. [Guarani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guarani_language \"Guarani language\")\n79. [Gujarati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_language \"Gujarati language\")\n80. [Haitian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_Creole \"Haitian Creole\")\n81. [Hakha Chin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakha_Chin \"Hakha Chin\")\n82. [Hausa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hausa_language \"Hausa language\")\n83. [Hawaiian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_language \"Hawaiian language\")\n84. [Hebrew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_language \"Hebrew language\")\n85. [Hiligaynon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hiligaynon_language \"Hiligaynon language\")\n86. [Hindi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindi \"Hindi\")\n87. [Hmong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hmong_language \"Hmong language\")\n88. [Hungarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_language \"Hungarian language\")\n89. [Hunsrik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunsrik \"Hunsrik\")\n90. [Iban](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iban_language \"Iban language\")\n91. [Icelandic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Icelandic_language \"Icelandic language\")\n92. [Igbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Igbo_language \"Igbo language\")\n93. [Ilocano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilocano_language \"Ilocano language\")\n94. [Indonesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesian_language \"Indonesian language\")\n95. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") (Latin)\n96. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") ([Syllabics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut_syllabics \"Inuktitut syllabics\"))\n97. [Irish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_language \"Irish language\")\n98. [Italian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_language \"Italian language\")\n99. [Jamaican Patois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamaican_Patois \"Jamaican Patois\")\n100. [Japanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_language \"Japanese language\")\n101. [Javanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Javanese_language \"Javanese language\")\n102. [Jingpo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jingpo_language \"Jingpo language\")\n103. [Kalaallisut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Greenlandic \"West Greenlandic\")\n104. [Kannada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kannada \"Kannada\")\n105. [Kanuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanuri_language \"Kanuri language\")\n106. [Kapampangan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kapampangan_language \"Kapampangan language\")\n107. [Kazakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kazakh_language \"Kazakh language\")\n108. [Khasi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khasi_language \"Khasi language\")\n109. [Khmer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khmer_language \"Khmer language\")\n110. [Kiga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiga_language \"Kiga language\")\n111. [Kikongo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kongo_language \"Kongo language\")\n112. [Kinyarwanda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kinyarwanda \"Kinyarwanda\")\n113. [Kituba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kituba_language \"Kituba language\")\n114. [Kokborok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kokborok \"Kokborok\")\n115. [Komi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komi_language \"Komi language\")\n116. [Konkani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konkani_language \"Konkani language\")\n117. [Korean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language \"Korean language\")\n118. [Krio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krio_language \"Krio language\")\n119. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Kurmanji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurmanji \"Kurmanji\"))\n120. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Sorani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sorani \"Sorani\"))\n121. [Kyrgyz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyrgyz_language \"Kyrgyz language\")\n122. [Lao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lao_language \"Lao language\")\n123. [Latgalian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latgalian_language \"Latgalian language\")\n124. [Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin \"Latin\")\n125. [Latvian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvian_language \"Latvian language\")\n126. [Ligurian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligurian_language \"Ligurian language\")\n127. [Limburgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limburgish \"Limburgish\")\n128. [Lingala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lingala \"Lingala\")\n129. [Lithuanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuanian_language \"Lithuanian language\")\n130. [Lombard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lombard_language \"Lombard language\")\n131. [Luganda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luganda \"Luganda\")\n132. [Luo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dholuo \"Dholuo\")\n133. [Luxembourgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luxembourgish \"Luxembourgish\")\n134. [Macedonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macedonian_language \"Macedonian language\")\n135. [Madurese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madurese_language \"Madurese language\")\n136. [Maithili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maithili_language \"Maithili language\")\n137. [Makassar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Makassarese_language \"Makassarese language\")\n138. [Malagasy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malagasy_language \"Malagasy language\")\n139. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\")\n140. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\") ([Jawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jawi_script \"Jawi script\"))\n141. [Malayalam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malayalam \"Malayalam\")\n142. [Maltese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltese_language \"Maltese language\")\n143. [Mam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mam_language \"Mam language\")\n144. [Manx](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manx_language \"Manx language\")\n145. [Maori](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C4%81ori_language \"Māori language\")\n146. [Marathi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marathi_language \"Marathi language\")\n147. [Marshallese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marshallese_language \"Marshallese language\")\n148. [Marwadi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwari_language \"Marwari language\")\n149. [Mauritian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mauritian_Creole \"Mauritian Creole\")\n150. [Meadow Mari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meadow_Mari_language \"Meadow Mari language\")\n151. [Meiteilon (Manipuri)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meitei_language \"Meitei language\")\n152. [Minang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minangkabau_language \"Minangkabau language\")\n153. [Mizo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizo_language \"Mizo language\")\n154. [Mongolian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolian_language \"Mongolian language\")\n155. [Myanmar (Burmese)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_language \"Burmese language\")\n156. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huasteca_Nahuatl \"Huasteca Nahuatl\")\n157. [Ndau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ndau_dialect \"Ndau dialect\")\n158. [Ndebele (South)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Ndebele_language \"Southern Ndebele language\")\n159. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newar_language \"Newar language\")\n160. [Nepali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepali_language \"Nepali language\")\n161. [NKo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N%27Ko_language \"N'Ko language\")\n162. [Norwegian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norwegian_language \"Norwegian language\") ([Bokmål](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bokm%C3%A5l \"Bokmål\"))\n163. [Nuer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuer_language \"Nuer language\")\n164. [Occitan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occitan_language \"Occitan language\")\n165. [Odia (Oriya)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odia_language \"Odia language\")\n166. [Oromo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oromo_language \"Oromo language\")\n167. [Ossetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossetian_language \"Ossetian language\")\n168. [Pangasinan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pangasinan_language \"Pangasinan language\")\n169. [Papiamento](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papiamento \"Papiamento\")\n170. [Pashto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pashto \"Pashto\")\n171. [Persian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_language \"Persian language\")\n172. [Polish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish_language \"Polish language\")\n173. [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Brazil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Portuguese \"Brazilian Portuguese\"))\n174. [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Portugal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Portuguese \"European Portuguese\"))\n175. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Gurmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurmukhi \"Gurmukhi\"))\n176. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Shahmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shahmukhi \"Shahmukhi\"))\n177. [Quechua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Quechua \"Southern Quechua\")\n178. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language \"Qʼeqchiʼ language\")\n179. [Romani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romani_language \"Romani language\")\n180. [Romanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanian_language \"Romanian language\")\n181. [Rundi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirundi \"Kirundi\")\n182. [Russian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_language \"Russian language\")\n183. [Sami (North)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_S%C3%A1mi \"Northern Sámi\")\n184. [Samoan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samoan_language \"Samoan language\")\n185. [Sango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sango_language \"Sango language\")\n186. [Sanskrit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanskrit \"Sanskrit\")\n187. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\") (Latin)\n188. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\") ([Ol Chiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ol_Chiki \"Ol Chiki\"))\n189. [Scots Gaelic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scottish_Gaelic \"Scottish Gaelic\")\n190. [Sepedi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Sotho \"Northern Sotho\")\n191. [Serbian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbian_language \"Serbian language\")\n192. [Sesotho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sotho_language \"Sotho language\")\n193. [Seychellois Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seychellois_Creole \"Seychellois Creole\")\n194. [Shan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shan_language \"Shan language\")\n195. [Shona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shona_language \"Shona language\")\n196. [Sicilian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicilian_language \"Sicilian language\")\n197. [Silesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silesian_language \"Silesian language\")\n198. [Sindhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sindhi_language \"Sindhi language\")\n199. [Sinhala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinhala_language \"Sinhala language\")\n200. [Slovak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_language \"Slovak language\")\n201. [Slovenian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovene_language \"Slovene language\")\n202. [Somali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somali_language \"Somali language\")\n203. [Spanish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language \"Spanish language\")\n204. [Sundanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sundanese_language \"Sundanese language\")\n205. [Susu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susu_language \"Susu language\")\n206. [Swahili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swahili_language \"Swahili language\")\n207. [Swati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swazi_language \"Swazi language\")\n208. [Swedish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish_language \"Swedish language\")\n209. [Tahitian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tahitian_language \"Tahitian language\")\n210. [Tajik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tajik_language \"Tajik language\")\n211. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\")\n212. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\") ([Tifinagh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tifinagh \"Tifinagh\"))\n213. [Tamil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_language \"Tamil language\")\n214. [Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tatar_language \"Tatar language\")\n215. [Telugu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Telugu_language \"Telugu language\")\n216. [Tetum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tetum_language \"Tetum language\")\n217. [Thai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_language \"Thai language\")\n218. [Tibetan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lhasa_Tibetan \"Lhasa Tibetan\")\n219. [Tigrinya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tigrinya_language \"Tigrinya language\")\n220. [Tiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiv_language \"Tiv language\")\n221. [Tok Pisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tok_Pisin \"Tok Pisin\")\n222. [Tongan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tongan_language \"Tongan language\")\n223. [Tshiluba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luba-Kasai_language \"Luba-Kasai language\")\n224. [Tsonga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tsonga_language \"Tsonga language\")\n225. [Tswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tswana_language \"Tswana language\")\n226. [Tulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tulu_language \"Tulu language\")\n227. [Tumbuka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tumbuka_language \"Tumbuka language\")\n228. [Turkish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_language \"Turkish language\")\n229. [Turkmen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmen_language \"Turkmen language\")\n230. [Tuvan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuvan_language \"Tuvan language\")\n231. [Twi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twi \"Twi\")\n232. [Udmurt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Udmurt_language \"Udmurt language\")\n233. [Ukrainian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\")\n234. [Urdu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urdu \"Urdu\")\n235. [Uyghur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uyghur_language \"Uyghur language\")\n236. [Uzbek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbek_language \"Uzbek language\")\n237. [Venda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venda_language \"Venda language\")\n238. [Venetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venetian_language \"Venetian language\")\n239. [Vietnamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_language \"Vietnamese language\")\n240. [Waray](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waray_language \"Waray language\")\n241. [Welsh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welsh_language \"Welsh language\")\n242. [Wolof](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolof_language \"Wolof language\")\n243. [Xhosa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xhosa_language \"Xhosa language\")\n244. [Yakut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yakut_language \"Yakut language\")\n245. [Yiddish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yiddish \"Yiddish\")\n246. [Yoruba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yoruba_language \"Yoruba language\")\n247. [Yucatec Maya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yucatec_Maya_language \"Yucatec Maya language\")\n248. [Zapotec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zapotec_languages \"Zapotec languages\")\n249. [Zulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_language \"Zulu language\")\n### Stages\nHistory\n\n*(by chronological order of introduction)*\n\n1. 1st stage\n   1. English to and from [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\")\n   2. English to and from [German](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_language \"German language\")\n   3. English to and from [Spanish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language \"Spanish language\")\n2. 2nd stage\n   1. English to and from [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Brazil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Portuguese \"Brazilian Portuguese\"))\n3. 3rd stage\n   1. English to and from [Italian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_language \"Italian language\")\n4. 4th stage\n   1. English to and from [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Simplified](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"))\n   2. English to and from [Japanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_language \"Japanese language\")\n   3. English to and from [Korean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language \"Korean language\")\n5. 5th stage (launched April 28, 2006)[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1)\n   1. English to and from [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic \"Arabic\")\n6. 6th stage (launched December 16, 2006)\n   1. English to and from [Russian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_language \"Russian language\")\n7. 7th stage (launched February 9, 2007)\n   1. English to and from [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Traditional](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"))\n   2. [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") (([Simplified](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\")) to and from [Traditional](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"))\n8. 8th stage (all 25 language pairs use Google's machine translation system) (launched October 22, 2007)\n   1. English to and from [Dutch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_language \"Dutch language\")\n   2. English to and from [Greek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_language \"Greek language\")\n9. 9th stage\n   1. English to and from [Hindi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindi \"Hindi\")\n10. 10th stage (as of this stage, translation can be done between any two languages, using English as an intermediate step, if needed) (launched May 8, 2008)\n    1. [Bulgarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgarian_language \"Bulgarian language\")\n    2. [Croatian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_language \"Croatian language\")\n    3. [Czech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_language \"Czech language\")\n    4. [Danish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danish_language \"Danish language\")\n    5. [Finnish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finnish_language \"Finnish language\")\n    6. [Norwegian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norwegian_language \"Norwegian language\") ([Bokmål](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bokm%C3%A5l \"Bokmål\"))\n    7. [Polish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish_language \"Polish language\")\n    8. [Romanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanian_language \"Romanian language\")\n    9. [Swedish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish_language \"Swedish language\")\n11. 11th stage (launched September 25, 2008)\n    1. [Catalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_language \"Catalan language\")\n    2. [Filipino](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipino_language \"Filipino language\") ([Tagalog](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tagalog_language \"Tagalog language\"))\n    3. [Hebrew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_language \"Hebrew language\")\n    4. [Indonesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesian_language \"Indonesian language\")\n    5. [Latvian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvian_language \"Latvian language\")\n    6. [Lithuanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuanian_language \"Lithuanian language\")\n    7. [Serbian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbian_language \"Serbian language\")\n    8. [Slovak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_language \"Slovak language\")\n    9. [Slovene](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovene_language \"Slovene language\")\n    10. [Ukrainian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\")\n    11. [Vietnamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_language \"Vietnamese language\")\n12. 12th stage (launched January 30, 2009)\n    1. [Albanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albanian_language \"Albanian language\")\n    2. [Estonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonian_language \"Estonian language\")\n    3. [Galician](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician_language \"Galician language\")\n    4. [Hungarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_language \"Hungarian language\")\n    5. [Maltese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltese_language \"Maltese language\")\n    6. [Thai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_language \"Thai language\")\n    7. [Turkish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_language \"Turkish language\")\n13. 13th stage (launched June 19, 2009)\n    1. [Persian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_language \"Persian language\")\n14. 14th stage (launched August 24, 2009)\n    1. [Afrikaans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afrikaans \"Afrikaans\")\n    2. [Belarusian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_language \"Belarusian language\")\n    3. [Icelandic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Icelandic_language \"Icelandic language\")\n    4. [Irish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_language \"Irish language\")\n    5. [Macedonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macedonian_language \"Macedonian language\")\n    6. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\")\n    7. [Swahili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swahili_language \"Swahili language\")\n    8. [Welsh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welsh_language \"Welsh language\")\n    9. [Yiddish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yiddish \"Yiddish\")\n15. 15th stage (launched November 19, 2009)\n    1. The Beta stage is finished. Users can now choose to have the [romanization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanization \"Romanization\") written for Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Greek, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Thai and Ukrainian. For translations from Arabic, Hindi and Persian, the user can enter a Latin transliteration of the text and the text will be transliterated to the native script for these languages as the user is typing. The text can now be read by a [text-to-speech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_synthesis \"Speech synthesis\") program in English, French, German and Italian.\n16. 16th stage (launched January 30, 2010)\n    1. [Haitian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_Creole \"Haitian Creole\")\n17. 17th stage (launched April 2010)\n    1. Speech program launched in Hindi and Spanish.\n18. 18th stage (launched May 5, 2010)\n    1. Speech program launched in Afrikaans, Albanian, Catalan, Chinese (Mandarin), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swahili, Swedish, Turkish, Vietnamese and Welsh (based on [eSpeak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ESpeak \"ESpeak\")).[\\[70\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Henderson,_Fergus-70)\n19. 19th stage (launched May 13, 2010)[\\[71\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Venugopal,_Ashish,_five_more_languages-71)\n    1. [Armenian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenian_language \"Armenian language\")\n    2. [Azerbaijani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijani_language \"Azerbaijani language\")\n    3. [Basque](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basque_language \"Basque language\")\n    4. [Georgian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgian_language \"Georgian language\")\n    5. [Urdu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urdu \"Urdu\")\n20. 20th stage (launched June 2010)\n    1. Provides romanization for Arabic.\n21. 21st stage (launched September 2010)\n    1. Allows phonetic typing for Arabic, Greek, Hindi, Persian, Russian, Serbian and Urdu.\n    2. [Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin \"Latin\")[\\[72\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Uszkoreit,_Jakob,_official_Google_Blog-72)[\\[73\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Uszkoreit,_Jakob,_Google_Translate_Blog-73)\n22. 22nd stage (launched December 2010)\n    1. Romanization of Arabic removed.\n    2. Spell check added.\n    3. For some languages, Google replaced text-to-speech synthesizers from eSpeak's robot voice to native speaker's nature voice technologies made by SVOX[\\[74\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-SVOX-74) (Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish and Turkish), and also the old versions of French, German, Italian and Spanish; Latin uses the same synthesizer as Italian.\n    4. Speech program launched in Arabic, Japanese and Korean.\n23. 23rd stage (launched January 2011)\n    1. Choice of different translations for a word.\n24. 24th stage (launched June 2011)\n    - 5 new Indic languages (in alpha) and a transliterated input method:[\\[75\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Venugopal,_Ashish,_Indic_web-75)\n    1. [Bengali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengali_language \"Bengali language\")\n    2. [Gujarati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_language \"Gujarati language\")\n    3. [Kannada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kannada \"Kannada\")\n    4. [Tamil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_language \"Tamil language\")\n    5. [Telugu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Telugu_language \"Telugu language\")\n25. 25th stage (launched July 2011)\n    1. Translation rating introduced.\n26. 26th stage (launched January 2012)\n    1. Dutch male voice synthesizer replaced with female.\n    2. Elena by SVOX replaced the Slovak eSpeak voice.\n    3. Transliteration of Yiddish added.\n27. 27th stage (launched February 2012)\n    1. Speech program launched in Thai.\n    2. [Esperanto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esperanto \"Esperanto\")[\\[76\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brants,_Thorsten,_Esperanto-76)\n28. 28th stage (launched September 2012)\n    1. [Lao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lao_language \"Lao language\")\n29. 29th stage (launched October 2012)\n    1. Transliteration of Lao added. (alpha status)[\\[77\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brants,_Thorsten,_Lao-77)[\\[78\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Crum,_Chris-78)\n30. 30th stage (launched October 2012)\n    1. New speech program launched in English.\n31. 31st stage (launched November 2012)\n    1. New speech program in French, German, Italian, Latin and Spanish.\n32. 32nd stage (launched March 2013)\n    1. Phrasebook added.\n33. 33rd stage (launched April 2013)\n    1. [Khmer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khmer_language \"Khmer language\")[\\[79\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ong,_Josh-79)\n34. 34th stage (launched May 2013)\n    1. [Bosnian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnian_language \"Bosnian language\")\n    2. [Cebuano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cebuano_language \"Cebuano language\")[\\[80\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Noda,_Tam-80)\n    3. [Hmong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hmong_language \"Hmong language\")\n    4. [Javanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Javanese_language \"Javanese language\")\n    5. [Marathi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marathi_language \"Marathi language\")\n35. 35th stage (launched May 2013)\n    1. 16 additional languages can be used with camera-input: Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Indonesian, Icelandic, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian and Swedish.\n36. 36th stage (launched December 2013)\n    1. [Hausa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hausa_language \"Hausa language\")\n    2. [Igbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Igbo_language \"Igbo language\")\n    3. [Maori](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C4%81ori_language \"Māori language\")\n    4. [Mongolian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolian_language \"Mongolian language\")\n    5. [Nepali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepali_language \"Nepali language\")\n    6. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Gurmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurmukhi \"Gurmukhi\"))\n    7. [Somali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somali_language \"Somali language\")\n    8. [Yoruba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yoruba_language \"Yoruba language\")\n    9. [Zulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_language \"Zulu language\")\n37. 37th stage (launched June 2014)\n    1. Definition of words added.\n38. 38th stage (launched December 2014)\n    1. [Burmese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_language \"Burmese language\")\n    2. [Chewa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chewa_language \"Chewa language\")\n    3. [Kazakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kazakh_language \"Kazakh language\")\n    4. [Malagasy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malagasy_language \"Malagasy language\")\n    5. [Malayalam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malayalam \"Malayalam\")\n    6. [Sinhala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinhala_language \"Sinhala language\")[\\[81\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Liyanage,_Vimukthi-81)\n    7. [Sotho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sotho_language \"Sotho language\")\n    8. [Sundanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sundanese_language \"Sundanese language\")\n    9. [Tajik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tajik_language \"Tajik language\")\n    10. [Uzbek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbek_language \"Uzbek language\")\n39. 39th stage (launched October 2015)\n    1. Transliteration of Arabic restored.\n40. 40th stage (launched November 2015)\n    1. [Aurebesh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Languages_in_Star_Wars#Aurebesh \"Languages in Star Wars\")\n41. 41st stage (launched February 2016)\n    1. Aurebesh removed.\n    2. Speech program launched in Bengali.[\\[82\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Dawn,_Sindhi_translation-82)[\\[83\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-DNA_India,_Sindhi_translation-83)[\\[84\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Yahoo,_Sindhi_translation-84)[\\[85\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ahmed,_Ali-85)[\\[86\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shu,_Catherine-86)\n    3. [Amharic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amharic \"Amharic\")\n    4. [Corsican](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corsican_language \"Corsican language\")\n    5. [Hawaiian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_language \"Hawaiian language\")\n    6. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Kurmanji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurmanji \"Kurmanji\"))\n    7. [Kyrgyz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyrgyz_language \"Kyrgyz language\")\n    8. [Luxembourgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luxembourgish \"Luxembourgish\")\n    9. [Pashto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pashto \"Pashto\")\n    10. [Samoan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samoan_language \"Samoan language\")\n    11. [Scottish Gaelic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scottish_Gaelic \"Scottish Gaelic\")\n    12. [Shona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shona_language \"Shona language\")\n    13. [Sindhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sindhi_language \"Sindhi language\")[\\[87\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sandilo,_Tariq-87)\n    14. [West Frisian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Frisian_language \"West Frisian language\")\n    15. [Xhosa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xhosa_language \"Xhosa language\")\n42. 42nd stage (launched September 2016)\n    1. Speech program launched in Ukrainian.\n43. 43rd stage (launched December 2016)\n    1. Speech program launched in Khmer and Sinhala.\n44. 44th stage (launched June 2018)\n    1. Speech program launched in Burmese, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali and Telugu.\n45. 45th stage (launched September 2019)\n    1. Speech program launched in Gujarati, Kannada and Urdu.\n46. 46th stage (launched February 2020)[\\[88\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Humphries,_Matthew-88)\n    1. [Kinyarwanda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kinyarwanda \"Kinyarwanda\")\n    2. [Odia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odia_language \"Odia language\")\n    3. [Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tatar_language \"Tatar language\")\n    4. [Turkmen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmen_language \"Turkmen language\")\n    5. [Uyghur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uyghur_language \"Uyghur language\")\n47. 47th stage (launched February 2021)\n    1. Speech program launched in Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Catalan, Icelandic, Latvian, and Serbian (changed from eSpeak to a natural voice).\n    2. New speech system (WaveNet) for several languages.\n48. 48th stage (launched January 2022)\n    1. Speech program launched in Hebrew.\n49. 49th stage (launched May 2022)[\\[89\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wilde,_Damien-89)\n    1. [Assamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assamese_language \"Assamese language\")\n    2. [Aymara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aymara_language \"Aymara language\")\n    3. [Bambara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bambara_language \"Bambara language\")\n    4. [Bhojpuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bhojpuri_language \"Bhojpuri language\")\n    5. [Dogri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dogri_language \"Dogri language\")\n    6. [Ewe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ewe_language \"Ewe language\")\n    7. [Guarani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guarani_language \"Guarani language\")\n    8. [Ilocano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilocano_language \"Ilocano language\")\n    9. [Konkani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konkani_language \"Konkani language\")\n    10. [Krio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krio_language \"Krio language\")\n    11. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Sorani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sorani \"Sorani\"))\n    12. [Lingala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lingala \"Lingala\")\n    13. [Luganda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luganda \"Luganda\")\n    14. [Maithili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maithili_language \"Maithili language\")\n    15. [Maldivian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maldivian_language \"Maldivian language\")\n    16. [Meitei](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meitei_language \"Meitei language\")\n    17. [Mizo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizo_language \"Mizo language\")\n    18. [Northern Sotho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Sotho \"Northern Sotho\")\n    19. [Oromo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oromo_language \"Oromo language\")\n    20. [Quechua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Quechua \"Southern Quechua\")\n    21. [Sanskrit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanskrit \"Sanskrit\")\n    22. [Tigrinya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tigrinya_language \"Tigrinya language\")\n    23. [Tsonga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tsonga_language \"Tsonga language\")\n    24. [Twi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twi \"Twi\")\n    25. eSpeak voice synthesizer removed from Armenian, Esperanto, Macedonian and Welsh.\n50. 50th stage (launched November 2022)\n    1. Speech program launched in Albanian, Bosnian and Swahili (changed from eSpeak to natural).\n    2. New speech program launched in Malayalam, Marathi and Tamil.\n51. 51st stage (launched March 2023)\n    1. Speech program launched in Croatian (changed from eSpeak to natural).\n52. 52nd stage (launched April 2023)\n    1. Speech program launched in Welsh (only on Google search results).\n    2. New speech programs launched in Chinese (simplified and traditional), German, Indonesian, Malay, Malayalam, Tamil, and Telugu (Chinese, German, Indonesian, Malayalam and Tamil reverted from WaveNet).\n53. 53rd stage (launched June 2023)\n    1. Speech program launched in Lithuanian and Punjabi.\n54. 54th stage (launched June 2024)[\\[90\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Abner-90)\n    1. [Abkhaz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abkhaz_language \"Abkhaz language\")\n    2. [Acehnese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acehnese_language \"Acehnese language\")\n    3. [Acholi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acholi_dialect \"Acholi dialect\")\n    4. [Afar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afar_language \"Afar language\")\n    5. [Alur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alur_language \"Alur language\")\n    6. [Avar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avar_language \"Avar language\")\n    7. [Awadhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Awadhi_language \"Awadhi language\")\n    8. [Balinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balinese_language \"Balinese language\")\n    9. [Baluchi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balochi_language \"Balochi language\")\n    10. [Baoulé](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baoul%C3%A9_language \"Baoulé language\")\n    11. [Bashkir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bashkir_language \"Bashkir language\")\n    12. [Batak Karo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Karo_language \"Batak Karo language\")\n    13. [Batak Simalungun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Simalungun_language \"Batak Simalungun language\")\n    14. [Batak Toba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toba_Batak_language \"Toba Batak language\")\n    15. [Bemba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bemba_language \"Bemba language\")\n    16. [Betawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betawi_language \"Betawi language\")\n    17. [Bikol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bikol_languages \"Bikol languages\")\n    18. [Breton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breton_language \"Breton language\")\n    19. [Buryat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buryat_language \"Buryat language\")\n    20. [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\")\n    21. [Chamorro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chamorro_language \"Chamorro language\")\n    22. [Chechen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechen_language \"Chechen language\")\n    23. [Chuukese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuukese_language \"Chuukese language\")\n    24. [Chuvash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuvash_language \"Chuvash language\")\n    25. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Cyrillic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n    26. [Dari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dari \"Dari\")\n    27. [Dinka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinka_language \"Dinka language\")\n    28. [Dombe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tonga_language_\\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\\) \"Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)\")\n    29. [Dyula](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dyula_language \"Dyula language\")\n    30. [Dzongkha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dzongkha \"Dzongkha\")\n    31. [Faroese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faroese_language \"Faroese language\")\n    32. [Fijian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fijian_language \"Fijian language\")\n    33. [Fon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fon_language \"Fon language\")\n    34. [Friulian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friulian_language \"Friulian language\")\n    35. [Fulani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fula_language \"Fula language\")\n    36. [Ga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ga_language \"Ga language\")\n    37. [Hakha Chin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakha_Chin \"Hakha Chin\")\n    38. [Hiligaynon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hiligaynon_language \"Hiligaynon language\")\n    39. [Hunsrik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunsrik \"Hunsrik\")\n    40. [Iban](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iban_language \"Iban language\")\n    41. [Jamaican Patois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamaican_Patois \"Jamaican Patois\")\n    42. [Jingpo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jingpo_language \"Jingpo language\")\n    43. [Kalaallisut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Greenlandic \"West Greenlandic\")\n    44. [Kanuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanuri_language \"Kanuri language\")\n    45. [Kapampangan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kapampangan_language \"Kapampangan language\")\n    46. [Khasi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khasi_language \"Khasi language\")\n    47. [Kiga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiga_language \"Kiga language\")\n    48. [Kikongo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kongo_language \"Kongo language\")\n    49. [Kituba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kituba_language \"Kituba language\")\n    50. [Kokborok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kokborok \"Kokborok\")\n    51. [Komi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komi_language \"Komi language\")\n    52. [Latgalian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latgalian_language \"Latgalian language\")\n    53. [Ligurian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligurian_language \"Ligurian language\")\n    54. [Limburgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limburgish \"Limburgish\")\n    55. [Lombard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lombard_language \"Lombard language\")\n    56. [Luo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dholuo \"Dholuo\")\n    57. [Madurese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madurese_language \"Madurese language\")\n    58. [Makassar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Makassarese_language \"Makassarese language\")\n    59. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\") ([Jawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jawi_script \"Jawi script\"))\n    60. [Mam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mam_language \"Mam language\")\n    61. [Manx](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manx_language \"Manx language\")\n    62. [Marshallese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marshallese_language \"Marshallese language\")\n    63. [Marwadi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwari_language \"Marwari language\")\n    64. [Mauritian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mauritian_Creole \"Mauritian Creole\")\n    65. [Meadow Mari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meadow_Mari_language \"Meadow Mari language\")\n    66. [Minang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minangkabau_language \"Minangkabau language\")\n    67. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huasteca_Nahuatl \"Huasteca Nahuatl\")\n    68. [Ndau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ndau_dialect \"Ndau dialect\")\n    69. [Ndebele (South)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Ndebele_language \"Southern Ndebele language\")\n    70. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newar_language \"Newar language\")\n    71. [NKo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N%27Ko_language \"N'Ko language\")\n    72. [Nuer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuer_language \"Nuer language\")\n    73. [Occitan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occitan_language \"Occitan language\")\n    74. [Ossetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossetian_language \"Ossetian language\")\n    75. [Pangasinan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pangasinan_language \"Pangasinan language\")\n    76. [Papiamento](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papiamento \"Papiamento\")\n    77. [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Portugal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Portuguese \"European Portuguese\"))\n    78. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Shahmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shahmukhi \"Shahmukhi\"))\n    79. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language \"Qʼeqchiʼ language\")\n    80. [Romani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romani_language \"Romani language\")\n    81. [Rundi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirundi \"Kirundi\")\n    82. [Sami (North)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_S%C3%A1mi \"Northern Sámi\")\n    83. [Sango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sango_language \"Sango language\")\n    84. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\")\n    85. [Seychellois Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seychellois_Creole \"Seychellois Creole\")\n    86. [Shan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shan_language \"Shan language\")\n    87. [Sicilian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicilian_language \"Sicilian language\")\n    88. [Silesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silesian_language \"Silesian language\")\n    89. [Susu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susu_language \"Susu language\")\n    90. [Swati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swazi_language \"Swazi language\")\n    91. [Tahitian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tahitian_language \"Tahitian language\")\n    92. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\")\n    93. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\") ([Tifinagh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tifinagh \"Tifinagh\"))\n    94. [Tetum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tetum_language \"Tetum language\")\n    95. [Tibetan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lhasa_Tibetan \"Lhasa Tibetan\")\n    96. [Tiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiv_language \"Tiv language\")\n    97. [Tok Pisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tok_Pisin \"Tok Pisin\")\n    98. [Tongan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tongan_language \"Tongan language\")\n    99. [Tswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tswana_language \"Tswana language\")\n    100. [Tulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tulu_language \"Tulu language\")\n    101. [Tumbuka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tumbuka_language \"Tumbuka language\")\n    102. [Tuvan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuvan_language \"Tuvan language\")\n    103. [Udmurt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Udmurt_language \"Udmurt language\")\n    104. [Venda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venda_language \"Venda language\")\n    105. [Venetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venetian_language \"Venetian language\")\n    106. [Waray](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waray_language \"Waray language\")\n    107. [Wolof](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolof_language \"Wolof language\")\n    108. [Yakut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yakut_language \"Yakut language\")\n    109. [Yucatec Maya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yucatec_Maya_language \"Yucatec Maya language\")\n    110. [Zapotec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zapotec_languages \"Zapotec languages\")\n    111. Speech program launched in Amharic, Bulgarian, Cantonese, Galician, Hausa, and Welsh\n55. 55th stage (launched October 2024)[\\[91\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-91)[\\[92\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-92)\n    1. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n    2. [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\") ([Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_French \"Canadian French\"))\n    3. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") (Latin)\n    4. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") ([Syllabics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut_syllabics \"Inuktitut syllabics\"))\n    5. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\") ([Ol Chiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ol_Chiki \"Ol Chiki\"))\n    6. [Tshiluba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luba-Kasai_language \"Luba-Kasai language\")\n## Translation methodology\nIn April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1)\n\nGoogle Translate does not apply [grammatical](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grammar \"Grammar\") rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, [Franz Josef Och](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\"), has criticized the effectiveness of [rule-based](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rule-based_machine_translation \"Rule-based machine translation\") [algorithms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algorithm \"Algorithm\") in favor of statistical approaches.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93)[\\[94\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-MT_Summit_X-94) Original versions of Google Translate were based on a method called [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\"), and more specifically, on research by Och who won the [DARPA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DARPA \"DARPA\") contest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014.[\\[95\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och-95)\n\nGoogle Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2).[\\[96\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-96)[\\[97\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-97)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8)[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) However, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating *vous* from French to Russian gives *vous* → *you* → *ты* OR *Bы\/вы*.[\\[100\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-100) If Google were using an unambiguous, [artificial language](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_language \"Artificial language\") as the intermediary, it would be *vous* → *you* → *Bы\/вы* OR *tu* → *thou* → *ты*. Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as \"you all\" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language.\n\nThe following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English:\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\]\n\n- [Belarusian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_language \"Belarusian language\") ([be ↔ ru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Slavic_languages \"East Slavic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Catalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_language \"Catalan language\") ([ca ↔ es](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iberian_Romance_languages \"Iberian Romance languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Galician](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician_language \"Galician language\") ([gl ↔ pt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese \"Galician–Portuguese\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Haitian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_Creole \"Haitian Creole\") ([ht ↔ fr](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French-based_creole_languages \"French-based creole languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Korean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language \"Korean language\") ([ko ↔ ja](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altaic_languages \"Altaic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Slovak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_language \"Slovak language\") ([sk ↔ cs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech%E2%80%93Slovak_languages \"Czech–Slovak languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Ukrainian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\") ([uk ↔ ru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Slavic_languages \"East Slavic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99)\n- [Urdu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urdu \"Urdu\") ([ur ↔ hi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindustani_language \"Hindustani language\") ↔ en ↔ other).\n\nAccording to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual [text corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Text_corpus \"Text corpus\") (or [parallel collection](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parallel_text \"Parallel text\")) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93) Statistical [models](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mathematical_model \"Mathematical model\") from these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used [United Nations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations \"United Nations\") and [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") documents and transcripts.[\\[101\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Adams,_Tim-101)[\\[102\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Tanner,_Adam-102) The UN typically publishes documents in all six [official UN languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations \"Official languages of the United Nations\"), which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers.[\\[103\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-103)\n\nWhen Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for [patterns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pattern \"Pattern\") in hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes [informed guesses (AI)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_intelligence \"Artificial intelligence\") as to what an appropriate translation should be.[\\[104\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Inside_Google_Translate-104)\n\nBefore October 2007, for languages other than [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic \"Arabic\"), [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") and [Russian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_language \"Russian language\"), Google Translate was based on [SYSTRAN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SYSTRAN \"SYSTRAN\"), a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as [Babel Fish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Babel_Fish_\\(website\\) \"Babel Fish (website)\") (now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") instead,[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chitu,_Alex-105)[\\[106\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Schwartz,_Barry-106) before transitioning to neural machine translation.\n\n### Google Translate Community\nGoogle used to have [crowdsourcing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crowdsourcing \"Crowdsourcing\") features for volunteers to be a part of its \"Translate Community\", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy.[\\[107\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Southern,_Matt-107)[\\[108\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kelman,_Sveta-108)[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109)[\\[110\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lardinois,_Frederic-110)[\\[111\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Summers,_Nick-111) Volunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases.[\\[112\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Community_FAQ-112) In August 2016, a [Google Crowdsource](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crowdsource_\\(app\\) \"Crowdsource (app)\") app was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered.[\\[113\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Whitwan,_Ryan-113)[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_new_Crowdsource_app-114) There were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Second, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Third, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the \"suggest an edit\" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years.[\\[115\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-myth_5,_GT_learns-115) Despite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024.\n\n### Statistical machine translation\nAlthough Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another.[\\[116\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lange,_William-116)[\\[117\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-United_Language_Group-117)\n\n### Neural machine translation\nIn September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the [Google Neural Machine Translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation \"Google Neural Machine Translation\") system (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) and in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT.\n\nGoogle Translate's [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") system used a large [end-to-end](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/End-to-end_principle \"End-to-end principle\") [artificial neural network](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_network_\\(machine_learning\\) \"Neural network (machine learning)\") that attempts to perform [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\"),[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\\[120\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Fewster,_Gill-120) in particular, [long short-term memory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_short-term_memory \"Long short-term memory\") networks.[\\[121\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm1997-121)[\\[122\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm2000-122)[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15)[\\[123\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Metz,_Cade-123) GNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an [example-based machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Example-based_machine_translation \"Example-based machine translation\") (EBMT) method in which the system \"learns from millions of examples.\"[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) According to Google researchers, it translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) GNMT's \"proposed architecture\" of \"system learning\" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) With the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that \"the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations.\"[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) The GNMT network attempts [interlingual machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interlingual_machine_translation \"Interlingual machine translation\"), which encodes the \"semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations\",[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98) and the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses \"the commonality found in between many languages\".[\\[124\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McDonald,_Chris-124) GNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) In March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese,[\\[125\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Davenport,_Corbin-125) followed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April.[\\[126\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hager,_Ryne-126)\n\nSince 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on [transformers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transformer_\\(deep_learning_architecture\\) \"Transformer (deep learning architecture)\").[\\[127\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_recent_advances-127)\n\n## Accuracy\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/99\/Question_book-new.svg\/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Question_book-new.svg) | This section **needs additional citations for [verification](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Verifiability \"Wikipedia:Verifiability\")**. Please help [improve this article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Google_Translate \"Special:EditPage\/Google Translate\") by [adding citations to reliable sources](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Referencing_for_beginners \"Help:Referencing for beginners\") in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. *(October 2025)* *([Learn how and when to remove this message](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Maintenance_template_removal \"Help:Maintenance template removal\"))* |\n\nGoogle Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages.[\\[128\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-conditions-128)[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Accuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances.[\\[129\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-empirical_evaluation-129) Human evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) A few studies have evaluated Chinese,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] French,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] German,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] and Spanish\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] to English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) indicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English.[\\[130\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-non-english_pairs-130) Research conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the [UCLA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles \"University of California, Los Angeles\") minimum score for the English Proficiency Exam.[\\[131\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Aiken,_Milam-131) Due to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Moreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Furthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14)\n\nWhen used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between [polysemic words](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polysemy \"Polysemy\"). Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has [more than 15 senses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Most_common_words_in_English \"Most common words in English\"),[\\[133\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-polysemy_Wiktionary-133) which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50\/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality [corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Text_corpus \"Text corpus\") occurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34)\n\n## Limitations\nGoogle Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with [polysemy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polysemy \"Polysemy\") (the multiple meanings a word may have)[\\[134\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-mathematics,_polysemy-134)[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) and [multiword expressions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Idiom#Multiword_expression \"Idiom\") (terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them).[\\[135\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-party_terms-135) A word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate.[\\[136\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-study_Google_Translate-136) Google Translate struggles to differentiate between *imperfect* and *perfect* [aspects](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grammatical_aspect \"Grammatical aspect\") in Romance languages. The [subjunctive mood](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subjunctive_mood \"Subjunctive mood\") is often erroneous.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] Moreover, the formal second person (*vous*) is often chosen, whatever the context.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] Since its English reference material contains only \"you\" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with \"you all\" or formal \"you\" variations.\n\nDue to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Some languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11)[\\[137\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Freitas,_Connor-137) No languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the [Europarl Corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Europarl_Corpus \"Europarl Corpus\"), a trove of documents from the [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") that have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate,[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) and 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well.[\\[139\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_original-139)[\\[140\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_update-140) However, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits.[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138)\n\nThe service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) Therefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25)\n\n## Open-source licenses and components\n| Language | [WordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WordNet \"WordNet\") | License |\n|---|---|---|\n| Albanian | Albanet | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\")\/[GPL 3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3 \"GNU General Public License\") |\n| Arabic | [Arabic WordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic_WordNet \"Arabic WordNet\") | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Catalan | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Chinese | Chinese Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Danish | DanNet | Wordnet |\n| English | Princeton WordNet | Wordnet |\n| Finnish | FinnWordNet | Wordnet |\n| French | WOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français) | [CeCILL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CeCILL \"CeCILL\")\\-C |\n| Galician | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Haitian Creole | MIT-Haiti Initiative | [CC BY 4.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license#Version_4.0 \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Hebrew | Hebrew Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Indonesian | Wordnet Bahasa | [MIT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_License \"MIT License\") |\n| Italian | MultiWordNet | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Japanese | Japanese Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Malay | Wordnet Bahasa | [MIT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_License \"MIT License\") |\n| Norwegian | Norwegian Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Persian | Persian Wordnet | Free-to-use |\n| Polish | [plWordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PlWordNet \"PlWordNet\") | Wordnet |\n| Portuguese | OpenWN-PT | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Spanish | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Thai | Thai Wordnet | Wordnet |\n\nIrish language data from [Foras na Gaeilge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foras_na_Gaeilge \"Foras na Gaeilge\")'s New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin.\n\nCertain content is copyrighted by [Oxford University Press](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\"), United States. Some phrase translations come from [Wikitravel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikitravel \"Wikitravel\").[\\[141\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-open-source_licenses_and_components-141)\n\n## Reviews\nShortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation.[\\[142\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Nielsen,_Michael-142)\n\n### Translation mistakes and oddities\nSince Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors,[\\[143\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gomes,_Lee-143) often swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language,[\\[144\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Weinberg,_Nathan-144) as well as inverting sentence meaning.[\\[145\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody-145) Novelty websites like [Bad Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translation_Services_USA#Bad_Translator \"Translation Services USA\") and Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages,[\\[146\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona-146) similar to the children's game [telephone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_whispers \"Chinese whispers\").[\\[147\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kincaid,_Jason-147)\n\nCertain texts in Japanese have shown to be translated to \"Replying to @sarah\\_mcdonald(s)\" in English, often with no relation to the source text. Examples include \"もーるるるるるるるる\", \"バチバチで草\" and \"絵にfう\".[\\[148\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-148) This has been asked on multiple platforms, including [YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube \"YouTube\").[\\[149\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-149)\n\n## See also\n- [Apertium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apertium \"Apertium\")\n- [Baidu Fanyi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baidu_Fanyi \"Baidu Fanyi\")\n- [Comparison of machine translation applications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_machine_translation_applications \"Comparison of machine translation applications\")\n- [DeepL Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DeepL_Translator \"DeepL Translator\")\n- [Google Dictionary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Dictionary \"Google Dictionary\")\n- [Google Translator Toolkit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translator_Toolkit \"Google Translator Toolkit\")\n- [List of Google products](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_products \"List of Google products\")\n- [Microsoft Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Microsoft_Translator \"Microsoft Translator\")\n- [PROMT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PROMT \"PROMT\")\n- [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis \"Speech Recognition & Synthesis\")\n- [SYSTRAN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SYSTRAN \"SYSTRAN\")\n- [Translate (Apple)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translate_\\(Apple\\) \"Translate (Apple)\")\n- [Yandex Translate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yandex_Translate \"Yandex Translate\")\n## References\n1. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-2)\n   [Och, Franz Josef](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\") (April 28, 2006). [\"Statistical machine translation live\"](https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2006\/04\/statistical-machine-translation-live.html). *[Google AI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_AI \"Google AI\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180523100259\/https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2006\/04\/statistical-machine-translation-live.html) from the original on May 23, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2011.\n2. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-4) [***f***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-5) [***g***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-6)\n   Turovsky, Barak (November 15, 2016). [\"Found in translation: More accurate, fluent sentences in Google Translate\"](https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate\/). *The Keyword [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170407071226\/https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate\/) from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2016.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-translations_made_simple_3-0)**\n   [\"Translations Made Simple: The Usefulness of Translation Apps\"](https:\/\/www.ulatus.com\/translation-blog\/most-globally-used-translated-apps\/). *Ulatus*. April 8, 2020. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200429054905\/https:\/\/www.ulatus.com\/translation-blog\/most-globally-used-translated-apps\/) from the original on April 29, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.\n4. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-supported_languages_4-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-supported_languages_4-1)\n   [\"See which features work with each language\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/languages\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210112000302\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/languages\/) from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2015.\n5. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages_5-0)**\n   Caswell, Isaac (June 27, 2024). [\"110 new languages are coming to Google Translate\"](https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/google-translate-new-languages-2024\/). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. Retrieved June 30, 2024.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people_6-0)**\n   Shankland, Stephen (May 18, 2013). [\"Google Translate now serves 200 million people daily\"](https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/google-translate-now-serves-200-million-people-daily\/). *[CNET](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNET \"CNET\")*. [Red Ventures](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Ventures \"Red Ventures\"); [CBS Interactive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramount_Streaming \"Paramount Streaming\") (at the time of publication). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191204114514\/https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/google-translate-now-serves-200-million-people-daily\/) from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2014.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate_7-0)**\n   Turovsky, Barak (April 28, 2016). [\"Ten years of Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.blog.google\/products\/translate\/ten-years-of-google-translate\/). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224080107\/https:\/\/www.blog.google\/products\/translate\/ten-years-of-google-translate\/) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n8. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-pivot_8-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-pivot_8-1)\n   Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"How GT Pivots through English\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/pivot\/). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210113221642\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/pivot\/) from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations_9-0)**\n   Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Catalan to Spanish Translations\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/catalan-to-spanish-translations\/). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224074444\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/catalan-to-spanish-translations\/) from the original on December 24, 2019. 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[arXiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ArXiv_\\(identifier\\) \"ArXiv (identifier)\"):[1609\\.08144](https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1609.08144) \\[[cs.CL](https:\/\/arxiv.org\/archive\/cs.CL)\\].\n    \n    Retrieved May 14, 2017\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Corcoran,_Kieran_16-0)**\n    Corcoran, Kieran (August 11, 2017). [\"A British court was forced to rely on Google Translate because it had no interpreter\"](https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/teesside-magistrates-court-forced-to-rely-on-google-translate-because-it-had-no-interpreter-2017-8). *[Business Insider](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")*. [Insider Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Insider_Inc. \"Insider Inc.\"), [Axel Springer SE](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Axel_Springer_SE \"Axel Springer SE\"). 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[Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210223075853\/https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/online-petition-asks-for-cree-language-to-be-added-to-google-translate-1.5317866) from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Beattie,_Samantha_18-0)**\n    Beattie, Samantha (February 23, 2021). [\"Google Translate's Exclusion Of Indigenous Languages A 'Squandered' Opportunity\"](https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/archive\/ca\/entry\/google-translate-cree-indigenous-language_ca_6035242ac5b67c329620c3e3). *[HuffPost](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HuffPost \"HuffPost\") Canada*. [BuzzFeed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BuzzFeed \"BuzzFeed\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211127104656\/https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/archive\/ca\/entry\/google-translate-cree-indigenous-language_ca_6035242ac5b67c329620c3e3) from the original on November 27, 2021. 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[\"Google Pulls Translation App From China\"](https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/google-pulls-translation-app-from-china-11664795087). *[The Wall Street Journal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Wall_Street_Journal \"The Wall Street Journal\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221003115656\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/google-pulls-translation-app-from-china-11664795087) from the original on October 3, 2022. Retrieved October 3, 2022.\n21. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Jibin,_Joseph_21-0)**\n    Joseph, Jibin (June 27, 2024). [\"Google Translate Adds Support for 110 Languages, Its Largest Expansion Ever\"](https:\/\/www.pcmag.com\/news\/google-translate-adds-support-for-110-languages-its-largest-expansion-ever). *[PCMag](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PCMag \"PCMag\")*. Retrieved September 4, 2024.\n22. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Olga,_Kusikova_22-0)**\n    Olga, Kusikova (June 28, 2024). [\"Стало известно, какие языки добавят в «Google Переводчик». Их больше 100\"](https:\/\/www.rbc.ru\/life\/news\/667d77c39a79470e2a58b589) \\[It has become known which languages will be added to \"Google Translate\". There are more than 100 of them.\\]. *[RBK Group](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RBK_Group \"RBK Group\")* (in Russian). Retrieved July 4, 2024.\n23. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-About_Google_Translate_23-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-About_Google_Translate_23-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-About_Google_Translate_23-2)\n    [\"Google Translate - A Personal Interpreter on Your Phone or Computer\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. 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Retrieved February 4, 2022.\n29. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Translate_images_29-0)**\n    [\"Translate images\"](https:\/\/support.google.com\/translate\/answer\/6142483\/?hl=en). *Google Translate Help*. Google Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181026185113\/https:\/\/support.google.com\/translate\/answer\/6142483?hl=en) from the original on October 26, 2018. Retrieved November 20, 2018.\n30. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard_30-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard_30-1)\n    [\"Translate with handwriting or virtual keyboard\"](https:\/\/support.google.com\/translate\/answer\/6142469\/?hl=en). *Google Translate Help*. Google Inc. 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Retrieved September 30, 2010.\n73. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Uszkoreit,_Jakob,_Google_Translate_Blog_73-0)**\n    Uszkoreit, Jakob; Bayer, Ben (October 1, 2010). [\"Veni, Vidi, Verba Verti (Google Translate Blog)\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2010\/10\/veni-vidi-verba-verti.html) \\[I came, I saw, I turned the words\\]. *Google Translate Blog* (in English and Latin). [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211209154553\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2010\/10\/veni-vidi-verba-verti.html) from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 11, 2021.\n74. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-SVOX_74-0)**\n    [\"Google picks SVOX for Translate and Dictionary services\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101226044925\/http:\/\/www.svox.com\/News-Items-Google-picks-SVOX-for-Translate-and-Dictionary-services-.aspx). [Zürich](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Z%C3%BCrich \"Zürich\"), [Switzerland](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Switzerland \"Switzerland\"): SVOX. December 17, 2010. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.svox.com\/News-Items-Google-picks-SVOX-for-Translate-and-Dictionary-services-.aspx) on December 26, 2010. Retrieved January 20, 2011.\n75. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Venugopal,_Ashish,_Indic_web_75-0)**\n    Venugopal, Ashish (June 21, 2011). [\"Google Translate welcomes you to the Indic web\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2011\/06\/google-translate-welcomes-you-to-indic.html). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170106202715\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2011\/06\/google-translate-welcomes-you-to-indic.html) from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2011.\n76. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Brants,_Thorsten,_Esperanto_76-0)**\n    Brants, Thorsten (February 22, 2012). [\"Tutmonda helplingvo por ĉiuj homoj\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2012\/02\/tutmonda-helplingvo-por-ciuj-homoj.html) \\[A global auxiliary language for all people\\]. *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160904042537\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2012\/02\/tutmonda-helplingvo-por-ciuj-homoj.html) from the original on September 4, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2015.\n77. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Brants,_Thorsten,_Lao_77-0)**\n    Brants, Thorsten (September 13, 2012). [\"Translating Lao\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2012\/09\/translating-lao_13.html). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170202121229\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2012\/09\/translating-lao_13.html) from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2012.\n78. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Crum,_Chris_78-0)**\n    Crum, Chris (September 13, 2012). [\"Google Adds Its 65th Language To Google Translate With Lao\"](https:\/\/www.webpronews.com\/google-adds-its-65th-language-to-google-translate-with-lao). *WebProNews*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181106205347\/https:\/\/www.webpronews.com\/google-adds-its-65th-language-to-google-translate-with-lao) from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2012.\n79. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Ong,_Josh_79-0)**\n    Ong, Josh (April 19, 2013). [\"Google Translate Now Supports 66 Languages After Adding Khmer\"](https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/google-translate-gains-support-for-its-66th-language-cambodias-khmer). *[TNW News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TNW_\\(website\\) \"TNW (website)\")*. [Financial Times](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_Times \"Financial Times\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211225012755\/https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/google-translate-gains-support-for-its-66th-language-cambodias-khmer) from the original on December 25, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2021.\n80. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Noda,_Tam_80-0)**\n    Noda, Tam (May 10, 2013). [\"Google Translate goes Cebuano\"](https:\/\/www.philstar.com\/nation\/2013\/05\/10\/940620\/google-translate-goes-cebuano). *[The Philippine Star](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Philippine_Star \"The Philippine Star\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211225013705\/https:\/\/www.philstar.com\/nation\/2013\/05\/10\/940620\/google-translate-goes-cebuano) from the original on December 25, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2021.\n81. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Liyanage,_Vimukthi_81-0)**\n    Liyanage, Vimukthi (December 12, 2014).\n    \n    [\"Google සිංහල පරිවර්ථන සේවය අද සිට ක්‍රියාත්මකයි !\" Google siṁhala parivarthana sēvaya ada siṭa kriyātmakayi \\!](https:\/\/techguru.lk\/google-translate-sinhala\/)\n    \n    \\[Google Sinhala translation service is active from today !\\]. *TechGuru.lk* (in Sinhala). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210801170332\/http:\/\/techguru.lk\/google-translate-sinhala\/) from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2021.\n82. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Dawn,_Sindhi_translation_82-0)**\n    [\"Google can now translate text into Sindhi, Pashto and vice versa\"](https:\/\/www.dawn.com\/news\/1240589). *[Dawn](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dawn_\\(newspaper\\) \"Dawn (newspaper)\")*. [Dawn Media Group](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dawn_Media_Group \"Dawn Media Group\"). February 19, 2016. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160229120307\/http:\/\/www.dawn.com\/news\/1240589) from the original on February 29, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2016.\n83. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-DNA_India,_Sindhi_translation_83-0)**\n    [\"Google adds Sindhi to its translate language options\"](https:\/\/www.dnaindia.com\/technology\/report-google-adds-sindhi-to-its-translate-language-options-2179229). *[DNA India](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zee_Media_Corporation#Online \"Zee Media Corporation\")*. [Essel Group](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Essel_Group \"Essel Group\"). February 18, 2016. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180416073848\/http:\/\/www.dnaindia.com\/technology\/report-google-adds-sindhi-to-its-translate-language-options-2179229) from the original on April 16, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2016.\n84. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Yahoo,_Sindhi_translation_84-0)**\n    [\"Google adds Sindhi to its translate language options\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210413202743\/https:\/\/in.news.yahoo.com\/google-adds-sindhi-translate-language-options-113113260.html). *[Yahoo! News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yahoo!_News \"Yahoo! News\")*. [Yahoo\\!](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yahoo! \"Yahoo!\"). [Asian News International](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asian_News_International \"Asian News International\"). February 18, 2016. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/in.news.yahoo.com\/google-adds-sindhi-translate-language-options-113113260.html) on April 13, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2016.\n85. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Ahmed,_Ali_85-0)**\n    Ahmed, Ali (February 18, 2016). [\"Google Translate now includes Sindhi and Pashto\"](https:\/\/www.brecorder.com\/news\/279458\/google-translate-now-includes-sindhi-and-pashto). *[Business Recorder](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Business_Recorder \"Business Recorder\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160426034257\/http:\/\/www.brecorder.com\/arts-a-leisure\/lifestyle\/279458-google-translate-now-includes-sindhi-and-pashto.html) from the original on April 26, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2016.\n86. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shu,_Catherine_86-0)**\n    Shu, Catherine (February 17, 2016). [\"Google Translate Now Has More Than 100 Languages And Covers 99 Percent Of The Online Population\"](https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2016\/02\/17\/google-translate-hits-100-languages\/). *[TechCrunch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")*. [AOL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AOL \"AOL\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230419192534\/https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Zuckerberg-testify-ftc-within.jpg?w=600&h=347&crop=1) from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2021.\n87. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sandilo,_Tariq_87-0)**\n    Sandilo, Tariq (February 21, 2016). [\"گوگل تي سنڌي ٻولي\"](https:\/\/sarwan.pk\/editorial\/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84-%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%8C%D9%8A-%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A\/) \\[Sindhi language on Google\\]. *Sarwan.pk* (in Sindhi). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211230215721\/https:\/\/sarwan.pk\/editorial\/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84-%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%8C%D9%8A-%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A\/) from the original on December 30, 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2016.\n88. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Humphries,_Matthew_88-0)**\n    Humphries, Matthew (February 27, 2020). [\"Google Translate Adds 5 New Languages\"](https:\/\/www.pcmag.com\/news\/google-translate-adds-5-new-languages). *[PCMag](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PCMag \"PCMag\")*. [Ziff Davis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ziff_Davis \"Ziff Davis\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211225005915\/https:\/\/www.pcmag.com\/news\/google-translate-adds-5-new-languages) from the original on December 25, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2021.\n89. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Wilde,_Damien_89-0)**\n    Wilde, Damien (May 11, 2022). [\"Google Translate adds support for 24 new languages, now supports over 130\"](https:\/\/9to5google.com\/2022\/05\/11\/google-translate-new-languages\/). *9to5Google*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220511171815\/https:\/\/9to5google.com\/2022\/05\/11\/google-translate-new-languages\/) from the original on May 11, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2022.\n90. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Li,_Abner_90-0)**\n    Li, Abner (June 27, 2024). [\"Google Translate adding support for 110 new languages, including Cantonese\"](https:\/\/9to5google.com\/2024\/06\/27\/google-translate-new-languages-2\/). *9to5Google*. Retrieved July 1, 2024.\n91. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-91)**\n    Shurmakevych, Vira (October 18, 2024). [\"Crimean Tatar language in Latin script now available in Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.pravda.com.ua\/eng\/news\/2024\/10\/18\/7480345\/). *Ukrainska Pravda*. Retrieved October 24, 2024.\n92. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-92)**\n    [\"Language expansion\"](https:\/\/support.google.com\/translate\/thread\/302587325\/language-expansion?hl=en&sjid=17964835169000558176-NC). Google Inc. Retrieved October 28, 2024.\n93. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-och_2005_93-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-och_2005_93-1)\n    [Och, Franz Josef](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\") (September 12, 2005). [\"Statistical Machine Translation: Foundations and Recent Advances\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210225144518\/http:\/\/www.mt-archive.info\/MTS-2005-och.pdf) (PDF). *mt-archive.com*. [Phuket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phuket_province \"Phuket province\"), [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"): Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.mt-archive.info\/MTS-2005-Och.pdf) (PDF) on February 25, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2010.\n94. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-MT_Summit_X_94-0)**\n    [*MT Summit X: The Tenth Machine Translation Summit (proceedings)*](https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=oooQAAAACAAJ). [Phuket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phuket_province \"Phuket province\"), [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"): Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. September 12–16, 2005. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n    \n    [9789747431261](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9789747431261 \"Special:BookSources\/9789747431261\")\n    \n    . [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230326164802\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=oooQAAAACAAJ) from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2022.\n95. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och_95-0)**\n    [\"Franz Och, Ph.D., Expert in Machine Learning and Machine Translation, Joins Human Longevity, Inc. as Chief Data Scientist\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200807111406\/https:\/\/www.humanlongevity.com\/franz-och-ph-d-expert-in-machine-learning-and-machine-translation-joins-human-longevity-inc-as-chief-data-scientist\/) (Press release). [La Jolla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Jolla \"La Jolla\"), [CA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California \"California\"): Human Longevity, Inc. July 29, 2014. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.humanlongevity.com\/franz-och-ph-d-expert-in-machine-learning-and-machine-translation-joins-human-longevity-inc-as-chief-data-scientist\/) on August 7, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2015.\n96. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-96)** [French to Russian translation translates the untranslated non-French word \"obvious\" from pivot (intermediate) English to Russian](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=le%20mot%20%27obvious%27%20n%27est%20pas%20fran%C3%A7ais&op=translate) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211231034449\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=le%20mot%20%27obvious%27%20n%27est%20pas%20fran%C3%A7ais&op=translate) December 31, 2021, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") **le mot 'obvious' n'est pas français* → \"очевидными\" слово не французское*\n97. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-97)** [We pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French.](https:\/\/en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog\/wiki\/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220203145647\/https:\/\/en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog\/wiki\/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) February 3, 2022, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") *Google, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. The word \"*außergewöhnlich*\" however will be translated twice.*\n98. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Boitet,_Christian_98-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Boitet,_Christian_98-1)\n    Boitet, Christian; Blanchon, Hervé; Seligman, Mark; Bellynck, Valérie (January 31, 2011). [\"MT on and for the Web\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170329125916\/http:\/\/www-clips.imag.fr\/geta\/herve.blanchon\/Pdfs\/NLP-KE-10.pdf) (PDF). *clips-imag.fr*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www-clips.imag.fr\/geta\/herve.blanchon\/Pdfs\/NLP-KE-10.pdf) (PDF) on March 29, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2011.\n99. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bad-ru-uk_99-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bad-ru-uk_99-1)\n    P.Y. (October 25, 2010). [\"Wrong translation to Ukrainian language\"](https:\/\/groups.google.com\/group\/google-translate-general\/msg\/bde8be4a58eb74c0). *[Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc*. Retrieved October 23, 2011.\n    \n    `{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service \"Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service\"))\n100. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-100)** [Google Translation mixes up \"tu\" and plural or polite \"vous\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=Je%20vous%20aime.%20Tu%20es%20ici.%20You%20are%20here.&op=translate) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211231034448\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=Je%20vous%20aime.%20Tu%20es%20ici.%20You%20are%20here.&op=translate) December 31, 2021, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") **Je vous aime. Tu es ici.* You are here. → Я люблю тебя. Вы здесь. Вы здесь.*\n101. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Adams,_Tim_101-0)**\n     Adams, Tim (December 19, 2010). [\"Can Google break the computer language barrier?\"](https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2010\/dec\/19\/google-translate-computers-languages). *[The Guardian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171213010848\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2010\/dec\/19\/google-translate-computers-languages) from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017.\n102. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Tanner,_Adam_102-0)**\n     Tanner, Adam (March 28, 2007). [\"Google seeks world of instant translations\"](https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-google-translate-idUSN1921881520070328). *[Reuters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters \"Reuters\")*. [Thomson Reuters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomson_Reuters \"Thomson Reuters\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160305112746\/http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-google-translate-idUSN1921881520070328) from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2008.\n103. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-103)** Google was an official sponsor of the annual Computational Linguistics in Japan Conference (\"[Gengoshorigakkai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Gengoshorigakkai&action=edit&redlink=1 \"Gengoshorigakkai (page does not exist)\")\") in 2007. Google also sent a delegate from its headquarters to the meeting of the members of the Computational Linguistic Society of Japan in March 2005, promising funding to researchers who would be willing to share text data.\n104. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Inside_Google_Translate_104-0)**\n     [\"Inside Google Translate (old)\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100822193710\/http:\/\/translate.google.com\/about\/intl\/en_ALL). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/about\/intl\/en_ALL) on August 22, 2010. Retrieved May 28, 2013.\n105. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Chitu,_Alex_105-0)**\n     Chitu, Alex (October 22, 2007). [\"Google Switches to Its Own Translation System\"](https:\/\/googlesystem.blogspot.com\/2007\/10\/google-translate-switches-to-googles.html). *Unofficial [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170429040900\/https:\/\/googlesystem.blogspot.com\/2007\/10\/google-translate-switches-to-googles.html) from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2011.\n106. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Schwartz,_Barry_106-0)**\n     Schwartz, Barry (October 23, 2007). [\"Google Translate Drops Systran For Home Brewed Translation\"](https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/google-translate-drops-systran-for-home-brewed-translation-12502). *[Search Engine Land](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danny_Sullivan_\\(technologist\\)#Search_Engine_Land \"Danny Sullivan (technologist)\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100701083515\/http:\/\/searchengineland.com\/google-translate-drops-systran-for-home-brewed-translation-12502) from the original on July 1, 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2010.\n107. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Southern,_Matt_107-0)**\n     Southern, Matt (July 28, 2014). [\"Google Seeks Community Help To Improve Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.searchenginejournal.com\/google-seeks-community-help-improve-google-translate\/112741\/). *SEJ*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160505014251\/https:\/\/www.searchenginejournal.com\/google-seeks-community-help-improve-google-translate\/112741\/) from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2017.\n108. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Kelman,_Sveta_108-0)**\n     Kelman, Sveta (July 25, 2014). [\"Translate Community: Help us improve Google Translate!\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2014\/07\/translate-community-help-us-improve.html). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170322015842\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2014\/07\/translate-community-help-us-improve.html) from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2017.\n109. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-2)\n     [\"Help Us Improve the Google Translate Tool\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/contribute\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. 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[Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230326164801\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=afqfFW8WV9cC) from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2012.\n143. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Gomes,_Lee_143-0)**\n     Gomes, Lee (July 22, 2010). [\"Google Translate Tangles With Computer Learning\"](https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/forbes\/2010\/0809\/technology-computer-learning-google-translate.html). *[Forbes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbes \"Forbes\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201129075202\/https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/forbes\/2010\/0809\/technology-computer-learning-google-translate.html) from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n144. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Weinberg,_Nathan_144-0)**\n     Weinberg, Nathan (September 10, 2007). [\"Google Translates Ivan the Terrible as \"Abraham Lincoln\"\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070912175216\/http:\/\/google.blognewschannel.com\/archives\/2007\/09\/10\/google-translates-ivan-the-terrible-as-abraham-lincoln\/). *Blog News Channel*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/google.blognewschannel.com\/archives\/2007\/09\/10\/google-translates-ivan-the-terrible-as-abraham-lincoln\/) on September 12, 2007. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n145. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody_145-0)**\n     [Twisted Translations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malinda_Kathleen_Reese#Twisted_Translations \"Malinda Kathleen Reese\") (February 10, 2015). [\"Google Translate Sings: \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" by Queen\"](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwOH3YsraNs). *[YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube \"YouTube\")*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160414040612\/https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwOH3YsraNs) from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved April 26, 2016.\n146. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona_146-0)**\n     Topolyanskaya, Alyona (January 28, 2010). [\"Google Lost in Translation\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100813111824\/http:\/\/www.mn.ru\/news\/20100128\/55406807.html). *[The Moscow News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Moscow_News \"The Moscow News\")*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.mn.ru\/news\/20100128\/55406807.html) on August 13, 2010. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n147. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Kincaid,_Jason_147-0)**\n     Kincaid, Jason (August 7, 2009). [\"Translation Party: Tapping Into Google Translate's Untold Creative Genius\"](https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2009\/08\/07\/translation-party-tapping-into-google-translates-untold-creative-genius\/). *[TechCrunch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")*. [AOL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AOL \"AOL\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210122145835\/https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2009\/08\/07\/translation-party-tapping-into-google-translates-untold-creative-genius\/) from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2017.\n148. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-148)**\n     [\"Google Translate\"](https:\/\/translate.google.co.in\/?sl=ja&tl=en&text=%E7%B5%B5%E3%81%ABf%E3%81%86&op=translate). *translate.google.co.in*. Retrieved May 5, 2025.\n149. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-149)**\n     Elle Stone (December 18, 2024). [*Weird Google Translation - Replying to Sarah McDonald \\| Weird Wednesday*](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S7ItUqd0qWMhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S7ItUqd0qWM). Retrieved May 5, 2025 – via YouTube.\n## External links\n- [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/Globe_of_letters.svg\/40px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Globe_of_letters.svg)[Language portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Language \"Portal:Language\")\n\n- [Official website](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en)\n- [Contribute](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/contribute?hl=en)\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Google_LLC \"Template:Google LLC\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Google_LLC \"Template talk:Google LLC\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Google_LLC \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Google LLC\")[Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| a subsidiary of [Alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphabet_Inc. \"Alphabet Inc.\") |   |\n| Company |   |\n|   |   |\n| Divisions | 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Thompson Center\") [King's Cross](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_King%27s_Cross \"Google King's Cross\") [Mayfield Mall](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayfield_Mall \"Mayfield Mall\") [Pier 57](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pier_57 \"Pier 57\") [Sidewalk Toronto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sidewalk_Toronto \"Sidewalk Toronto\") [St. John's Terminal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/St._John%27s_Terminal \"St. John's Terminal\") Submarine cables [Dunant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dunant_\\(submarine_communications_cable\\) \"Dunant (submarine communications cable)\") [Grace Hopper](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grace_Hopper_\\(submarine_communications_cable\\) \"Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable)\") [Unity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unity_\\(cable_system\\) \"Unity (cable system)\") [WiFi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_WiFi \"Google WiFi\") [YouTube Space](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Space \"YouTube Space\") [YouTube Theater](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Theater \"YouTube Theater\") |\n| [People](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Google_employees \"Category:Google employees\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Current | [Krishna Bharat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krishna_Bharat \"Krishna Bharat\") [Vint Cerf](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vint_Cerf \"Vint Cerf\") [Jeff Dean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeff_Dean \"Jeff Dean\") [John Doerr](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Doerr \"John Doerr\") [Sanjay Ghemawat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanjay_Ghemawat \"Sanjay Ghemawat\") [Al Gore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al_Gore \"Al Gore\") [John L. Hennessy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_L._Hennessy \"John L. Hennessy\") [Urs Hölzle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urs_H%C3%B6lzle \"Urs Hölzle\") [Salar Kamangar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salar_Kamangar \"Salar Kamangar\") [Ray Kurzweil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ray_Kurzweil \"Ray Kurzweil\") [Ann Mather](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ann_Mather \"Ann Mather\") [Alan Mulally](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alan_Mulally \"Alan Mulally\") [Rick Osterloh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rick_Osterloh \"Rick Osterloh\") [Sundar Pichai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sundar_Pichai \"Sundar Pichai\") (CEO) [Ruth Porat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ruth_Porat \"Ruth Porat\") (CFO) [Rajen Sheth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rajen_Sheth \"Rajen Sheth\") [Hal Varian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hal_Varian \"Hal Varian\") [Neal Mohan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neal_Mohan \"Neal Mohan\") |\n| Former | [Andy Bechtolsheim](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andy_Bechtolsheim \"Andy Bechtolsheim\") [Sergey Brin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sergey_Brin \"Sergey Brin\") (co-founder) [David Cheriton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Cheriton \"David Cheriton\") [Matt Cutts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Cutts \"Matt Cutts\") [David Drummond](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Drummond_\\(businessman\\) \"David Drummond (businessman)\") [Alan Eustace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alan_Eustace \"Alan Eustace\") [Timnit Gebru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timnit_Gebru \"Timnit Gebru\") [Omid Kordestani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omid_Kordestani \"Omid Kordestani\") [Paul Otellini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Otellini \"Paul Otellini\") [Larry Page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Larry_Page \"Larry Page\") (co-founder) [Patrick Pichette](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patrick_Pichette \"Patrick Pichette\") [Eric Schmidt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eric_Schmidt \"Eric Schmidt\") [Ram Shriram](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ram_Shriram \"Ram Shriram\") [Amit Singhal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amit_Singhal \"Amit Singhal\") [Shirley M. Tilghman](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shirley_M._Tilghman \"Shirley M. Tilghman\") [Rachel Whetstone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rachel_Whetstone \"Rachel Whetstone\") [Susan Wojcicki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susan_Wojcicki \"Susan Wojcicki\") |\n| [Criticism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criticism_of_Google \"Criticism of Google\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| General | [Censorship](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Censorship_by_Google \"Censorship by Google\") [DeGoogle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DeGoogle \"DeGoogle\") [FairSearch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FairSearch \"FairSearch\") \"[Google's Ideological Echo Chamber](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google%27s_Ideological_Echo_Chamber \"Google's Ideological Echo Chamber\")\" [No Tech for Apartheid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/No_Tech_for_Apartheid \"No Tech for Apartheid\") [Privacy concerns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Privacy_concerns_with_Google \"Privacy concerns with Google\") [Street View](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_privacy_concerns \"Google Street View privacy concerns\") [YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_and_privacy \"YouTube and privacy\") [Trade unions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_and_trade_unions \"Google and trade unions\") [Alphabet Workers Union](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alphabet_Workers_Union \"Alphabet Workers Union\") [YouTube copyright issues](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_copyright_issues \"YouTube copyright issues\") |\n| Incidents | [Backdoor advertisement controversy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_Korean_YouTube_backdoor_advertising_controversy \"2020 Korean YouTube backdoor advertising controversy\") [Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blocking_of_YouTube_videos_in_Germany \"Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany\") [Data breach](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2018_Google_data_breach \"2018 Google data breach\") [Elsagate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elsagate \"Elsagate\") [Fantastic Adventures scandal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fantastic_Adventures_scandal \"Fantastic Adventures scandal\") [Kohistan video case](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2012_Kohistan_video_case \"2012 Kohistan video case\") [Reactions to *Innocence of Muslims*](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reactions_to_Innocence_of_Muslims \"Reactions to Innocence of Muslims\") [San Francisco tech bus protests](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/San_Francisco_tech_bus_protests \"San Francisco tech bus protests\") [Services outages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_services_outages \"Google services outages\") [Slovenian government incident](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2011_Slovenian_YouTube_incident \"2011 Slovenian YouTube incident\") [Walkouts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2018_Google_walkouts \"2018 Google walkouts\") [YouTube headquarters shooting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_headquarters_shooting \"YouTube headquarters shooting\") |\n| Other | [Android apps](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google \"List of Android apps by Google\") [April Fools' Day jokes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_April_Fools%27_Day_jokes \"List of Google April Fools' Day jokes\") [Doodles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Doodle \"Google Doodle\") *[Doodle Champion Island Games](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doodle_Champion_Island_Games \"Doodle Champion Island Games\")* *[Magic Cat Academy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Magic_Cat_Academy \"Magic Cat Academy\")* *[Pac-Man](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pac-Man_Google_Doodle \"Pac-Man Google Doodle\")* [Easter eggs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_Easter_eggs \"List of Google Easter eggs\") [History](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Google \"History of Google\") [Gmail](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_Gmail \"History of Gmail\") [Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Google_Search \"Timeline of Google Search\") [YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/History_of_YouTube \"History of YouTube\") [Logo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_logo \"Google logo\") [Material Design](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Material_Design \"Material Design\") [Mergers and acquisitions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Alphabet \"List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet\") |\n| [Development](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Developers \"Google Developers\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Software |   |\n|   |   |\n| A–C | [Accelerated Linear Algebra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Accelerated_Linear_Algebra \"Accelerated Linear Algebra\") [AMP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Accelerated_Mobile_Pages \"Accelerated Mobile Pages\") *[Actions on Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Actions_on_Google \"Actions on Google\")* [ALTS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ALTS \"ALTS\") [American Fuzzy Lop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Fuzzy_Lop_\\(software\\) \"American Fuzzy Lop (software)\") *[Android Cloud to Device Messaging](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Cloud_to_Device_Messaging \"Android Cloud to Device Messaging\")* [Android Debug Bridge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Debug_Bridge \"Android Debug Bridge\") [Android NDK](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_NDK \"Android NDK\") [Android Runtime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Runtime \"Android Runtime\") [Android SDK](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_SDK \"Android SDK\") [Android Studio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Studio \"Android Studio\") [Angular](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angular_\\(web_framework\\) \"Angular (web framework)\") *[AngularJS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AngularJS \"AngularJS\")* [Apache Beam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apache_Beam \"Apache Beam\") [APIs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_APIs \"Google APIs\") [App Engine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_App_Engine \"Google App Engine\") [App Inventor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_App_Inventor \"MIT App Inventor\") *[App Maker](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_App_Maker \"Google App Maker\")* [App Runtime for Chrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_App_Runtime_for_Chrome \"Google App Runtime for Chrome\") *[AppJet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AppJet \"AppJet\")* [Apps Script](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Apps_Script \"Google Apps Script\") [AppSheet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AppSheet \"AppSheet\") [ARCore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ARCore \"ARCore\") *[Base](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Base \"Google Base\")* [Bazel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bazel_\\(software\\) \"Bazel (software)\") [BeyondCorp](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BeyondCorp \"BeyondCorp\") [Bigtable](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bigtable \"Bigtable\") [BigQuery](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BigQuery \"BigQuery\") [Bionic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bionic_\\(software\\) \"Bionic (software)\") [Blockly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blockly \"Blockly\") *[Borg](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Borg_\\(cluster_manager\\) \"Borg (cluster manager)\")* *[Caja](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caja_project \"Caja project\")* [Cameyo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cameyo \"Cameyo\") [Chart API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chart_API \"Google Chart API\") [Charts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Charts \"Google Charts\") *[Chrome Frame](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome_Frame \"Google Chrome Frame\")* [Chromium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromium_\\(web_browser\\) \"Chromium (web browser)\") [Blink](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blink_\\(browser_engine\\) \"Blink (browser engine)\") [Closure Tools](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Closure_Tools \"Google Closure Tools\") *[Cloud Connect](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Connect \"Google Cloud Connect\")* [Cloud Dataflow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Dataflow \"Google Cloud Dataflow\") [Cloud Datastore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Datastore \"Google Cloud Datastore\") *[Cloud Messaging](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Messaging \"Google Cloud Messaging\")* [Cloud Shell](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Shell \"Google Cloud Shell\") [Cloud Storage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Storage \"Google Cloud Storage\") *[Code Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Code_Search \"Google Code Search\")* [Compute Engine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Compute_Engine \"Google Compute Engine\") [Cpplint](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cpplint \"Cpplint\") |\n| D–N | *[Dalvik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalvik_\\(software\\) \"Dalvik (software)\")* [Data Protocol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Data_Protocol \"Google Data Protocol\") [Dialogflow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dialogflow \"Dialogflow\") [Exposure Notification](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exposure_Notification \"Exposure Notification\") [Fast Pair](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fast_Pair \"Fast Pair\") [Fastboot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fastboot \"Fastboot\") [Federated Learning of Cohorts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Federated_Learning_of_Cohorts \"Federated Learning of Cohorts\") [File System](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_File_System \"Google File System\") [Firebase](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firebase \"Firebase\") [Firebase Studio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firebase_Studio \"Firebase Studio\") [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging \"Firebase Cloud Messaging\") [FlatBuffers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FlatBuffers \"FlatBuffers\") [Flutter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flutter_\\(software\\) \"Flutter (software)\") *[Freebase](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freebase_\\(database\\) \"Freebase (database)\")* [Gadgets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Gadgets \"Google Gadgets\") [Ganeti](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ganeti \"Ganeti\") *[Gears](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gears_\\(software\\) \"Gears (software)\")* [Gerrit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gerrit_\\(software\\) \"Gerrit (software)\") [Global Cache](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Global_Cache \"Google Global Cache\") [GLOP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GLOP \"GLOP\") [gRPC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GRPC \"GRPC\") [Gson](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gson \"Gson\") [Guava](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Guava \"Google Guava\") [Guetzli](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guetzli \"Guetzli\") [Guice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Guice \"Google Guice\") [gVisor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GVisor \"GVisor\") [GYP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GYP_\\(software\\) \"GYP (software)\") [JAX](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JAX_\\(software\\) \"JAX (software)\") [Jetpack Compose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jetpack_Compose \"Jetpack Compose\") [Keyhole Markup Language](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Keyhole_Markup_Language \"Keyhole Markup Language\") [Kubernetes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kubernetes \"Kubernetes\") [Kythe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Kythe \"Google Kythe\") [LevelDB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LevelDB \"LevelDB\") [Lighthouse](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lighthouse_\\(software\\) \"Lighthouse (software)\") [Looker Studio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Looker_Studio \"Looker Studio\") *[lmctfy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lmctfy \"Lmctfy\")* [MapReduce](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MapReduce \"MapReduce\") *[Mashup Editor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Mashup_Editor \"Google Mashup Editor\")* [Matter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matter_\\(standard\\) \"Matter (standard)\") [Mobile Services](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Mobile_Services \"Google Mobile Services\") [Namebench](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Namebench \"Namebench\") [Native Client](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Native_Client \"Google Native Client\") [Neatx](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neatx \"Neatx\") [Neural Machine Translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation \"Google Neural Machine Translation\") [Nomulus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nomulus \"Nomulus\") |\n| O–Z | [Open Location Code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Location_Code \"Open Location Code\") [OpenRefine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenRefine \"OpenRefine\") [OpenSocial](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenSocial \"OpenSocial\") *[Optimize](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Optimize \"Google Optimize\")* [OR-Tools](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OR-Tools \"OR-Tools\") *[Pack](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pack \"Google Pack\")* [PageSpeed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_PageSpeed_Tools \"Google PageSpeed Tools\") [Piper](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piper_\\(source_control_system\\) \"Piper (source control system)\") *[Plugin for Eclipse](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Plugin_for_Eclipse \"Google Plugin for Eclipse\")* [Polymer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polymer_\\(library\\) \"Polymer (library)\") [Programmable Search Engine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Programmable_Search_Engine \"Google Programmable Search Engine\") [Project Shield](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Shield \"Project Shield\") [Public DNS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Public_DNS \"Google Public DNS\") [reCAPTCHA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ReCAPTCHA \"ReCAPTCHA\") *[RenderScript](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RenderScript \"RenderScript\")* [SafetyNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SafetyNet \"SafetyNet\") *[SageTV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SageTV \"SageTV\")* [Schema.org](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schema.org \"Schema.org\") [Search Console](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Search_Console \"Google Search Console\") [Shell](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Shell \"Google Shell\") [Sitemaps](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sitemaps \"Sitemaps\") [Skia Graphics Engine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skia_Graphics_Engine \"Skia Graphics Engine\") [Spanner](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanner_\\(database\\) \"Spanner (database)\") *[Sputnik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sputnik_\\(JavaScript_conformance_test\\) \"Sputnik (JavaScript conformance test)\")* *[Stackdriver](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stackdriver \"Stackdriver\")* *[Swiffy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Swiffy \"Google Swiffy\")* *[Tango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tango_\\(platform\\) \"Tango (platform)\")* [TensorFlow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TensorFlow \"TensorFlow\") [Tesseract](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tesseract_\\(software\\) \"Tesseract (software)\") [Test](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Test \"Google Test\") *[Translator Toolkit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translator_Toolkit \"Google Translator Toolkit\")* *[Urchin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urchin_\\(software\\) \"Urchin (software)\")* [UTM parameters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UTM_parameters \"UTM parameters\") [V8](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/V8_\\(JavaScript_engine\\) \"V8 (JavaScript engine)\") [VirusTotal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VirusTotal \"VirusTotal\") [VisBug](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VisBug \"VisBug\") [Wave Federation Protocol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Wave_Federation_Protocol \"Google Wave Federation Protocol\") [Weave](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Weave_\\(protocol\\) \"Weave (protocol)\") *[Web Accelerator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Web_Accelerator \"Google Web Accelerator\")* [Web Designer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Web_Designer \"Google Web Designer\") [Web Server](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Web_Server \"Google Web Server\") [Web Toolkit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Web_Toolkit \"Google Web Toolkit\") [Webdriver Torso](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Webdriver_Torso \"Webdriver Torso\") [WebRTC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WebRTC \"WebRTC\") |\n| Operating systems | [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") [Cupcake](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Cupcake \"Android Cupcake\") [Donut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Donut \"Android Donut\") [Eclair](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Eclair \"Android Eclair\") [Froyo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Froyo \"Android Froyo\") [Gingerbread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Gingerbread \"Android Gingerbread\") [Honeycomb](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Honeycomb \"Android Honeycomb\") [Ice Cream Sandwich](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich \"Android Ice Cream Sandwich\") [Jelly Bean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Jelly_Bean \"Android Jelly Bean\") [KitKat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_KitKat \"Android KitKat\") [Lollipop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Lollipop \"Android Lollipop\") [Marshmallow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Marshmallow \"Android Marshmallow\") [Nougat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Nougat \"Android Nougat\") [Oreo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Oreo \"Android Oreo\") [Pie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Pie \"Android Pie\") [10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_10 \"Android 10\") [11](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_11 \"Android 11\") [12](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_12 \"Android 12\") [13](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_13 \"Android 13\") [14](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_14 \"Android 14\") [15](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_15 \"Android 15\") [16](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_16 \"Android 16\") [version history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_version_history \"Android version history\") [smartphones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Android_smartphones \"List of Android smartphones\") [Android Automotive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Automotive \"Android Automotive\") [Android Go](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Go \"Android Go\") [devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products \"Comparison of Android Go products\") *[Android Things](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Things \"Android Things\")* [Android TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_TV \"Android TV\") [devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Android_TV_devices \"List of Android TV devices\") [Android XR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_XR \"Android XR\") [ChromeOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ChromeOS \"ChromeOS\") [ChromeOS Flex](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ChromeOS_Flex \"ChromeOS Flex\") [ChromiumOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ChromiumOS \"ChromiumOS\") [Fuchsia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fuchsia_\\(operating_system\\) \"Fuchsia (operating system)\") *[Glass OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glass_OS \"Glass OS\")* [gLinux](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GLinux \"GLinux\") *[Goobuntu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goobuntu \"Goobuntu\")* TV *[2010–2014](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_TV_\\(2010%E2%80%932014\\) \"Google TV (2010–2014)\")* [2020–present](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_TV_\\(interface\\) \"Google TV (interface)\") [Wear OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wear_OS \"Wear OS\") |\n| Machine learning models | [BERT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BERT_\\(language_model\\) \"BERT (language model)\") [Chinchilla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinchilla_\\(language_model\\) \"Chinchilla (language model)\") [DreamBooth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DreamBooth \"DreamBooth\") [Gemini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gemini_\\(language_model\\) \"Gemini (language model)\") [Gemma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gemma_\\(language_model\\) \"Gemma (language model)\") [Imagen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Imagen_\\(text-to-image_model\\) \"Imagen (text-to-image model)\") (2023) [LaMDA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LaMDA \"LaMDA\") [PaLM](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PaLM \"PaLM\") [T5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T5_\\(language_model\\) \"T5 (language model)\") [Veo (text-to-video model)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veo_\\(text-to-video_model\\) \"Veo (text-to-video model)\") [VideoPoet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VideoPoet \"VideoPoet\") *[XLNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/XLNet \"XLNet\")* |\n| Neural networks | [EfficientNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EfficientNet \"EfficientNet\") [Gato](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gato_\\(DeepMind\\) \"Gato (DeepMind)\") [Inception](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inception_\\(deep_learning_architecture\\) \"Inception (deep learning architecture)\") [MobileNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MobileNet \"MobileNet\") [Transformer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transformer_\\(deep_learning_architecture\\) \"Transformer (deep learning architecture)\") [WaveNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WaveNet \"WaveNet\") |\n| Computer programs | [AlphaDev](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaDev \"AlphaDev\") [AlphaFold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaFold \"AlphaFold\") [AlphaGeometry](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaGeometry \"AlphaGeometry\") [AlphaGo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaGo \"AlphaGo\") [AlphaGo Zero](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaGo_Zero \"AlphaGo Zero\") [AlphaStar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaStar_\\(software\\) \"AlphaStar (software)\") [AlphaZero](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaZero \"AlphaZero\") [Master](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Master_\\(software\\) \"Master (software)\") [MuZero](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MuZero \"MuZero\") |\n| Formats and codecs | [AAB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_App_Bundle \"Android App Bundle\") [APK](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apk_\\(file_format\\) \"Apk (file format)\") [AV1](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AV1 \"AV1\") [iLBC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec \"Internet Low Bitrate Codec\") [iSAC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec \"Internet Speech Audio Codec\") [libvpx](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libvpx \"Libvpx\") [Lyra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyra_\\(codec\\) \"Lyra (codec)\") [Protocol Buffers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protocol_Buffers \"Protocol Buffers\") [Ultra HDR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ultra_HDR \"Ultra HDR\") [VP3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VP3 \"VP3\") [VP6](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VP6 \"VP6\") [VP8](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VP8 \"VP8\") [VP9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VP9 \"VP9\") [WebM](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WebM \"WebM\") [WebP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WebP \"WebP\") [WOFF2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_Open_Font_Format \"Web Open Font Format\") |\n| Programming languages | [Carbon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carbon_\\(programming_language\\) \"Carbon (programming language)\") [Dart](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dart_\\(programming_language\\) \"Dart (programming language)\") [Go](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Go_\\(programming_language\\) \"Go (programming language)\") *[Sawzall](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sawzall_\\(programming_language\\) \"Sawzall (programming language)\")* |\n| Search algorithms | [Googlebot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googlebot \"Googlebot\") [Hummingbird](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Hummingbird \"Google Hummingbird\") [Mobilegeddon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobilegeddon \"Mobilegeddon\") [PageRank](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PageRank \"PageRank\") [matrix](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_matrix \"Google matrix\") [Panda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Panda \"Google Panda\") [Penguin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Penguin \"Google Penguin\") [Pigeon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pigeon \"Google Pigeon\") [RankBrain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RankBrain \"RankBrain\") |\n| [Domain names](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Google_domain_names \"Category:Google domain names\") | [.app](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/.app_\\(top-level_domain\\) \".app (top-level domain)\") [.dev](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/.dev \".dev\") [.google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/.google \".google\") [.zip](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/.zip_\\(top-level_domain\\) \".zip (top-level domain)\") [g.co](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G.co \"G.co\") [google.by](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google.by \"Google.by\") |\n| Typefaces | [Croscore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croscore_fonts \"Croscore fonts\") [Noto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noto_fonts \"Noto fonts\") [Product Sans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Product_Sans \"Product Sans\") [Roboto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roboto \"Roboto\") |\n| [Software](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_products \"List of Google products\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| A | *[Aardvark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aardvark_\\(search_engine\\) \"Aardvark (search engine)\")* [Account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Account \"Google Account\") [Dashboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Dashboard \"Google Dashboard\") [Takeout](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Takeout \"Google Takeout\") [Ad Manager](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Ad_Manager \"Google Ad Manager\") [AdMob](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AdMob \"AdMob\") [Ads](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Ads \"Google Ads\") [AdSense](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_AdSense \"Google AdSense\") *[Affiliate Network](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Affiliate_Network \"Google Affiliate Network\")* [Alerts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Alerts \"Google Alerts\") *[Allo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Allo \"Google Allo\")* [Analytics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Analytics \"Google Analytics\") [Antigravity](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Antigravity \"Google Antigravity\") [Android Auto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Auto \"Android Auto\") *[Android Beam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Beam \"Android Beam\")* *[Answers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Answers \"Google Answers\")* *[Apture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apture \"Apture\")* [Arts & Culture](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Arts_%26_Culture \"Google Arts & Culture\") [Assistant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Assistant \"Google Assistant\") *[Attribution](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Attribution \"Google Attribution\")* [Authenticator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Authenticator \"Google Authenticator\") |\n| B | *[BebaPay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BebaPay \"BebaPay\")* *[BeatThatQuote.com](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BeatThatQuote.com \"BeatThatQuote.com\")* [Beam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Beam \"Google Beam\") *[Blog Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Blog_Search \"Google Blog Search\")* [Blogger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blogger_\\(service\\) \"Blogger (service)\") *[Body](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ZygoteBody \"ZygoteBody\")* *[Bookmarks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Bookmarks \"Google Bookmarks\")* [Books](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Books \"Google Books\") [Ngram Viewer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Books_Ngram_Viewer \"Google Books Ngram Viewer\") *[Browser Sync](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Browser_Sync \"Google Browser Sync\")* *[Building Maker](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Building_Maker \"Google Building Maker\")* *[Bump](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bump_\\(application\\) \"Bump (application)\")* *[BumpTop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BumpTop \"BumpTop\")* *[Buzz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Buzz \"Google Buzz\")* |\n| C | [Calendar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Calendar \"Google Calendar\") [Cast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cast \"Google Cast\") *[Catalogs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Catalogs \"Google Catalogs\")* [Chat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chat \"Google Chat\") *[Checkout](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Checkout \"Google Checkout\")* [Chrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome \"Google Chrome\") *[Chrome Apps](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome_App \"Google Chrome App\")* [Chrome Experiments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome_Experiments \"Google Chrome Experiments\") [Chrome Remote Desktop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chrome_Remote_Desktop \"Chrome Remote Desktop\") [Chrome Web Store](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chrome_Web_Store \"Chrome Web Store\") [Classroom](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Classroom \"Google Classroom\") *[Cloud Print](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Print \"Google Cloud Print\")* [Cloud Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Search \"Google Cloud Search\") [Contacts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Contacts \"Google Contacts\") *[Contributor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Contributor \"Google Contributor\")* [Crowdsource](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crowdsource_\\(app\\) \"Crowdsource (app)\") *[Currents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Currents_\\(social_app\\) \"Google Currents (social app)\")* (social app) *[Currents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Currents_\\(news_app\\) \"Google Currents (news app)\")* (news app) |\n| D | [Data Commons](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Data_Commons \"Data Commons\") [Dataset Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Dataset_Search \"Google Dataset Search\") *[Desktop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Desktop \"Google Desktop\")* [Dictionary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Dictionary \"Google Dictionary\") [Dinosaur Game](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinosaur_Game \"Dinosaur Game\") *[Directory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Directory \"Google Directory\")* [Docs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Docs \"Google Docs\") [Docs Editors](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Docs_Editors \"Google Docs Editors\") *[Domains](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Domains \"Google Domains\")* [Drawings](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Drawings \"Google Drawings\") [Drive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Drive \"Google Drive\") *[Duo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Duo \"Google Duo\")* |\n| E | [Earth](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Earth \"Google Earth\") [Etherpad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Etherpad \"Etherpad\") *[Expeditions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Expeditions \"Google Expeditions\")* *[Express](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Express \"Google Express\")* |\n| F | [Family Link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Family_Link \"Google Family Link\") *[Fast Flip](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Fast_Flip \"Google Fast Flip\")* [FeedBurner](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/FeedBurner \"FeedBurner\") *[fflick](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fflick \"Fflick\")* [Fi Wireless](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Fi_Wireless \"Google Fi Wireless\") [Finance](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Finance \"Google Finance\") [Files](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Files_\\(Google\\) \"Files (Google)\") [Find Hub](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Find_Hub \"Find Hub\") [Fit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Fit \"Google Fit\") [Flights](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Flights \"Google Flights\") *[Flu Trends](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Flu_Trends \"Google Flu Trends\")* [Fonts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Fonts \"Google Fonts\") [Forms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Forms \"Google Forms\") *[Friend Connect](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Friend_Connect \"Google Friend Connect\")* *[Fusion Tables](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Fusion_Tables \"Google Fusion Tables\")* |\n| G | [Gboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gboard \"Gboard\") [Gemini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Gemini \"Google Gemini\") [Nano Banana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nano_Banana \"Nano Banana\") *[Gesture Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Gesture_Search \"Google Gesture Search\")* *[Gizmo5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gizmo5 \"Gizmo5\")* *[Google+](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google%2B \"Google+\")* [Gmail](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gmail \"Gmail\") *[Goggles](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Goggles \"Google Goggles\")* *[GOOG-411](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GOOG-411 \"GOOG-411\")* *[Grasshopper](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grasshopper_\\(mobile_app\\) \"Grasshopper (mobile app)\")* [Groups](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Groups \"Google Groups\") |\n| H | *[Hangouts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Hangouts \"Google Hangouts\")* *[Helpouts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Helpouts \"Google Helpouts\")* [Home](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Home_\\(platform\\) \"Google Home (platform)\") |\n| I | *[iGoogle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IGoogle \"IGoogle\")* [Images](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Images \"Google Images\") *[Image Labeler](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Image_Labeler \"Google Image Labeler\")* *[Image Swirl](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Image_Swirl \"Google Image Swirl\")* *[Inbox by Gmail](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inbox_by_Gmail \"Inbox by Gmail\")* [Input Tools](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Input_Tools \"Google Input Tools\") [Japanese Input](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Japanese_Input \"Google Japanese Input\") *[Pinyin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pinyin \"Google Pinyin\")* *[Insights for Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Insights_for_Search \"Google Insights for Search\")* |\n| J | *[Jaiku](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jaiku \"Jaiku\")* *[Jamboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamboard \"Jamboard\")* |\n| K | [Kaggle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kaggle \"Kaggle\") [Keep](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Keep \"Google Keep\") *[Knol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knol \"Knol\")* |\n| L | [Labs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Labs \"Google Labs\") *[Latitude](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Latitude \"Google Latitude\")* [Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Lens \"Google Lens\") *[Like.com](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Like.com \"Like.com\")* [Live Transcribe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Live_Transcribe \"Live Transcribe\") *[Lively](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Lively \"Google Lively\")* |\n| M | *[Map Maker](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Map_Maker \"Google Map Maker\")* [Maps](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Maps \"Google Maps\") *[Maps Navigation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Maps_Navigation \"Google Maps Navigation\")* [Marketing Platform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Marketing_Platform \"Google Marketing Platform\") [Meet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Meet \"Google Meet\") [Messages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Messages \"Google Messages\") *[Moderator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Moderator \"Google Moderator\")* *[My Tracks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/My_Tracks \"My Tracks\")* |\n| N | *[Nearby Share](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nearby_Share \"Nearby Share\")* [News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_News \"Google News\") *[News & Weather](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_News_%26_Weather \"Google News & Weather\")* [News Archive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_News_Archive \"Google News Archive\") *[Notebook](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Notebook \"Google Notebook\")* [NotebookLM](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NotebookLM \"NotebookLM\") *[Now](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Now \"Google Now\")* |\n| O | *[Offers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Offers \"Google Offers\")* [One](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_One \"Google One\") *[One Pass](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_One_Pass \"Google One Pass\")* [Opinion Rewards](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Opinion_Rewards \"Google Opinion Rewards\") *[Orkut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orkut \"Orkut\")* *[Oyster](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oyster_\\(company\\) \"Oyster (company)\")* |\n| P | *[Panoramio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panoramio \"Panoramio\")* *[PaperofRecord.com](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PaperofRecord.com \"PaperofRecord.com\")* [Patents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Patents \"Google Patents\") *[Page Creator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Page_Creator \"Google Page Creator\")* *[Pay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pay_\\(mobile_app\\) \"Google Pay (mobile app)\")* (mobile app) [Pay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pay_\\(payment_method\\) \"Google Pay (payment method)\") (payment method) *[Pay Send](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pay_Send \"Google Pay Send\")* [People Cards](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/People_Cards \"People Cards\") [Person Finder](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Person_Finder \"Google Person Finder\") *[Personalized Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Personalized_Search \"Google Personalized Search\")* [Photomath](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photomath \"Photomath\") [Photos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Photos \"Google Photos\") *[Picasa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Picasa \"Picasa\")* *[Picasa Web Albums](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Picasa_Web_Albums \"Picasa Web Albums\")* *[Picnik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Picnik \"Picnik\")* [Pixel Camera](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Camera \"Pixel Camera\") [Play](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play \"Google Play\") [Play Books](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Books \"Google Play Books\") [Play Games](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Games \"Google Play Games\") *[Play Music](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Music \"Google Play Music\")* *[Play Newsstand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Newsstand \"Google Play Newsstand\")* [Play Pass](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Pass \"Google Play Pass\") [Play Services](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Play_Services \"Google Play Services\") *[Podcasts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Podcasts \"Google Podcasts\")* *[Poly](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Poly_\\(website\\) \"Poly (website)\")* *[Postini](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Postini \"Postini\")* *[PostRank](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PostRank \"PostRank\")* *[Primer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Primer \"Google Primer\")* [Public Alerts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Public_Alerts \"Google Public Alerts\") *[Public Data Explorer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Public_Data_Explorer \"Google Public Data Explorer\")* |\n| Q | [Question Hub](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Question_Hub \"Google Question Hub\") [Quick, Draw\\!](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quick,_Draw! \"Quick, Draw!\") *[Quick Search Box](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Quick_Search_Box \"Google Quick Search Box\")* [Quick Share](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quick_Share \"Quick Share\") *[Quickoffice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quickoffice \"Quickoffice\")* |\n| R | [Read Along](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Read_Along \"Read Along\") *[Reader](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Reader \"Google Reader\")* *[Reply](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reply_\\(Google\\) \"Reply (Google)\")* |\n| S | [Safe Browsing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Safe_Browsing \"Google Safe Browsing\") [SageTV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SageTV \"SageTV\") [Santa Tracker](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Santa_Tracker \"Google Santa Tracker\") *[Schemer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Schemer \"Google Schemer\")* [Scholar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Scholar \"Google Scholar\") [Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Search \"Google Search\") [AI Overviews](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AI_Overviews \"AI Overviews\") [Knowledge Graph](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knowledge_Graph_\\(Google\\) \"Knowledge Graph (Google)\") [SafeSearch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SafeSearch \"SafeSearch\") *[Searchwiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_SearchWiki \"Google SearchWiki\")* [Sheets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Sheets \"Google Sheets\") *[Shoploop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shoploop \"Shoploop\")* [Shopping](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Shopping \"Google Shopping\") *[Sidewiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Sidewiki \"Google Sidewiki\")* [Sites](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Sites \"Google Sites\") [Slides](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Slides \"Google Slides\") [Snapseed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Snapseed \"Snapseed\") *[Socratic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Socratic_\\(Google\\) \"Socratic (Google)\")* *[Softcard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Softcard \"Softcard\")* *[Songza](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Songza \"Songza\")* [Sound Amplifier](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sound_Amplifier \"Sound Amplifier\") *[Spaces](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Spaces \"Google Spaces\")* [Sparrow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sparrow_\\(chatbot\\) \"Sparrow (chatbot)\") (chatbot) *[Sparrow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sparrow_\\(email_client\\) \"Sparrow (email client)\")* (email client) [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis \"Speech Recognition & Synthesis\") *[Squared](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Squared \"Google Squared\")* *[Stadia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Stadia \"Google Stadia\")* *[Station](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Station \"Google Station\")* [Store](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Store \"Google Store\") [Street View](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View \"Google Street View\") *[Surveys](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Surveys \"Google Surveys\")* *[Sync](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Sync \"Google Sync\")* |\n| T | *[Tables](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tables_\\(Google\\) \"Tables (Google)\")* *[Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Talk \"Google Talk\")* [TalkBack](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TalkBack \"TalkBack\") [Tasks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tasks \"Google Tasks\") [Tenor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tenor_\\(website\\) \"Tenor (website)\") *[Tez](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tez_\\(software\\) \"Tez (software)\")* *[Tilt Brush](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tilt_Brush \"Tilt Brush\")* *[Toolbar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Toolbar \"Google Toolbar\")* [Toontastic 3D](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toontastic_3D \"Toontastic 3D\") [Translate]() [Travel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Travel \"Google Travel\") *[Trendalyzer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trendalyzer \"Trendalyzer\")* [Trends](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Trends \"Google Trends\") [TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_TV_\\(service\\) \"Google TV (service)\") |\n| U | *[URL Shortener](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_URL_Shortener \"Google URL Shortener\")* |\n| V | *[Video](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Video \"Google Video\")* [Vids](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Vids \"Google Vids\") [Voice](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Voice \"Google Voice\") [Voice Access](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voice_Access \"Voice Access\") [Voice Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Voice_Search \"Google Voice Search\") |\n| W | [Wallet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Wallet \"Google Wallet\") *[Wave](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Wave \"Google Wave\")* [Waze](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waze \"Waze\") *[WDYL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WDYL_\\(search_engine\\) \"WDYL (search engine)\")* *[Web Light](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Web_Light \"Google Web Light\")* [Where Is My Train](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Where_Is_My_Train \"Where Is My Train\") [Widevine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Widevine \"Widevine\") [Wiz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wiz,_Inc. \"Wiz, Inc.\") *[Word Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_Lens \"Word Lens\")* [Workspace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Workspace \"Google Workspace\") [Workspace Marketplace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Workspace_Marketplace \"Google Workspace Marketplace\") |\n| Y | [YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube \"YouTube\") [YouTube Kids](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Kids \"YouTube Kids\") [YouTube Music](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Music \"YouTube Music\") [YouTube Premium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Premium \"YouTube Premium\") [YouTube Shorts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Shorts \"YouTube Shorts\") [YouTube Studio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Studio \"YouTube Studio\") [YouTube TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_TV \"YouTube TV\") [YouTube VR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_VR \"YouTube VR\") |\n| Hardware |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Pixel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pixel \"Google Pixel\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Smartphones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_Google_Pixel_smartphones \"Comparison of Google Pixel smartphones\") | [Pixel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_\\(1st_generation\\) \"Pixel (1st generation)\") (2016) [Pixel 2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_2 \"Pixel 2\") (2017) [Pixel 3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_3 \"Pixel 3\") (2018) [Pixel 3a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_3a \"Pixel 3a\") (2019) [Pixel 4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_4 \"Pixel 4\") (2019) [Pixel 4a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_4a \"Pixel 4a\") (2020) [Pixel 5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_5 \"Pixel 5\") (2020) [Pixel 5a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_5a \"Pixel 5a\") (2021) [Pixel 6](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_6 \"Pixel 6\") (2021) [Pixel 6a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_6a \"Pixel 6a\") (2022) [Pixel 7](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_7 \"Pixel 7\") (2022) [Pixel 7a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_7a \"Pixel 7a\") (2023) [Pixel Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Fold \"Pixel Fold\") (2023) [Pixel 8](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_8 \"Pixel 8\") (2023) [Pixel 8a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_8a \"Pixel 8a\") (2024) [Pixel 9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9 \"Pixel 9\") (2024) [Pixel 9 Pro Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold \"Pixel 9 Pro Fold\") (2024) [Pixel 9a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9a \"Pixel 9a\") (2025) [Pixel 10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_10 \"Pixel 10\") (2025) [Pixel 10 Pro Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_10_Pro_Fold \"Pixel 10 Pro Fold\") (2025) |\n| Smartwatches | [Pixel Watch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Watch \"Pixel Watch\") (2022) [Pixel Watch 2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Watch_2 \"Pixel Watch 2\") (2023) [Pixel Watch 3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Watch_3 \"Pixel Watch 3\") (2024) [Pixel Watch 4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Watch_4 \"Pixel Watch 4\") (2025) |\n| Tablets | [Pixel C](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_C \"Pixel C\") (2015) [Pixel Slate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Slate \"Pixel Slate\") (2018) [Pixel Tablet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Tablet \"Pixel Tablet\") (2023) |\n| Laptops | [Chromebook Pixel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromebook_Pixel \"Chromebook Pixel\") (2013–2015) [Pixelbook](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixelbook \"Pixelbook\") (2017) [Pixelbook Go](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixelbook_Go \"Pixelbook Go\") (2019) |\n| Other | [Pixel Buds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Buds \"Pixel Buds\") (2017–present) |\n| [Nexus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nexus \"Google Nexus\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Smartphones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_smartphones \"Comparison of Google Nexus smartphones\") | [Nexus One](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_One \"Nexus One\") (2010) [Nexus S](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_S \"Nexus S\") (2010) [Galaxy Nexus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galaxy_Nexus \"Galaxy Nexus\") (2011) [Nexus 4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_4 \"Nexus 4\") (2012) [Nexus 5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_5 \"Nexus 5\") (2013) [Nexus 6](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_6 \"Nexus 6\") (2014) [Nexus 5X](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_5X \"Nexus 5X\") (2015) [Nexus 6P](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_6P \"Nexus 6P\") (2015) |\n| [Tablets](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_tablets \"Comparison of Google Nexus tablets\") | [Nexus 7](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_7_\\(2012\\) \"Nexus 7 (2012)\") (2012) [Nexus 10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_10 \"Nexus 10\") (2012) [Nexus 7](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_7_\\(2013\\) \"Nexus 7 (2013)\") (2013) [Nexus 9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_9 \"Nexus 9\") (2014) |\n| Other | [Nexus Q](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_Q \"Nexus Q\") (2012) [Nexus Player](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_Player \"Nexus Player\") (2014) |\n| Other | *[Android Dev Phone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Dev_Phone \"Android Dev Phone\")* [Android One](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_One \"Android One\") *[Cardboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cardboard \"Google Cardboard\")* [Chromebit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromebit \"Chromebit\") [Chromebook](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromebook \"Chromebook\") [Chromebox](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromebox \"Chromebox\") [Chromecast](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chromecast \"Chromecast\") [Clips](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Clips \"Google Clips\") [Daydream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Daydream \"Google Daydream\") [Fitbit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Fitbit_products \"List of Fitbit products\") [Glass](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Glass \"Google Glass\") [Liftware](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liftware \"Liftware\") [Liquid Galaxy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liquid_Galaxy \"Liquid Galaxy\") [Nest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nest \"Google Nest\") [smart speakers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nest_\\(smart_speakers\\) \"Google Nest (smart speakers)\") [Thermostat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nest_Thermostat \"Nest Thermostat\") [Wifi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nest_Wifi \"Nest Wifi\") *[Play Edition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices \"List of Google Play edition devices\")* *[Project Ara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Ara \"Project Ara\")* *[OnHub](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_OnHub \"Google OnHub\")* *[Pixel Visual Core](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Visual_Core \"Pixel Visual Core\")* [Project Iris](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Iris \"Project Iris\") *[Search Appliance](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Search_Appliance \"Google Search Appliance\")* [Sycamore processor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sycamore_processor \"Sycamore processor\") [Tensor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Tensor \"Google Tensor\") [Tensor Processing Unit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tensor_Processing_Unit \"Tensor Processing Unit\") [Titan Security Key](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Titan_Security_Key \"Titan Security Key\") |\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Google_litigation \"Template:Google litigation\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Google_litigation \"Template talk:Google litigation\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Google_litigation \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Google litigation\")[Litigation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_litigation \"Google litigation\") |   |\n| Advertising | *[Feldman v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Feldman_v._Google,_Inc. \"Feldman v. Google, Inc.\")* (2007) *[Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc. \"Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.\")* (2009) *[Goddard v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc. \"Goddard v. Google, Inc.\")* (2009) *[Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosetta_Stone_Ltd._v._Google,_Inc. \"Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.\")* (2012) *[Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc. \"Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.\")* (2017) [Jedi Blue](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jedi_Blue \"Jedi Blue\") |\n| Antitrust | [European Union](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antitrust_cases_against_Google_by_the_European_Union \"Antitrust cases against Google by the European Union\") (2010–present) *[United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation \"High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation\")* (2011) *[Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umar_Javeed,_Sukarma_Thapar,_Aaqib_Javeed_vs._Google_LLC_and_Ors. \"Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.\")* (2019) *[United States v. Google LLC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_v._Google_LLC_\\(2020\\) \"United States v. Google LLC (2020)\")* (2020) *[Epic Games v. Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epic_Games_v._Google \"Epic Games v. Google\")* (2021) *[United States v. Google LLC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_v._Google_LLC_\\(2023\\) \"United States v. Google LLC (2023)\")* (2023) |\n| Intellectual property | *[Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc. \"Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.\")* (2007) *[Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viacom_International,_Inc._v._YouTube,_Inc. \"Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.\")* (2010) *[Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lenz_v._Universal_Music_Corp. \"Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.\")*(2015) *[Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._Google,_Inc. \"Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.\")* (2015) *[Field v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Field_v._Google,_Inc. \"Field v. Google, Inc.\")* (2016) *[Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc. \"Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.\")* (2021) [Smartphone patent wars](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smartphone_patent_wars \"Smartphone patent wars\") |\n| Privacy | *[Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocky_Mountain_Bank_v._Google,_Inc. \"Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.\")* (2009) *[Hibnick v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hibnick_v._Google,_Inc. \"Hibnick v. Google, Inc.\")* (2010) *[United States v. Google Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_v._Google_Inc. \"United States v. Google Inc.\")* (2012) [Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Judgement_of_the_German_Federal_Court_of_Justice_on_Google%27s_autocomplete_function \"Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function\") (2013) *[Joffe v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joffe_v._Google,_Inc. \"Joffe v. Google, Inc.\")* (2013) *[Mosley v SARL Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mosley_v_SARL_Google \"Mosley v SARL Google\")* (2013) *[Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez \"Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González\")* (2014) *[Frank v. Gaos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frank_v._Gaos \"Frank v. Gaos\")* (2019) |\n| Other | *[Garcia v. Google, Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garcia_v._Google,_Inc. \"Garcia v. Google, Inc.\")* (2015) *[Google LLC v Defteros](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_LLC_v_Defteros \"Google LLC v Defteros\")* (2020) *[Gonzalez v. Google LLC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gonzalez_v._Google_LLC \"Gonzalez v. Google LLC\")* (2022) |\n| Related |   |\n|   |   |\n| Concepts | [Beauty YouTuber](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beauty_YouTuber \"Beauty YouTuber\") [BookTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BookTube \"BookTube\") [BreadTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BreadTube \"BreadTube\") \"[Don't be evil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don%27t_be_evil \"Don't be evil\")\" [Gayglers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gayglers \"Gayglers\") [*Google* as a verb](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_\\(verb\\) \"Google (verb)\") [Google bombing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_bombing \"Google bombing\") [2004 U.S. presidential election](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_Google_bombs_in_the_2004_U.S._presidential_election \"Political Google bombs in the 2004 U.S. presidential election\") [Google effect](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_effect \"Google effect\") [Googlefight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googlefight \"Googlefight\") [Google hacking](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_hacking \"Google hacking\") [Googleshare](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googleshare \"Googleshare\") [Google tax](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_tax \"Google tax\") [Googlewhack](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googlewhack \"Googlewhack\") [Googlization](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googlization \"Googlization\") [Illegal flower tribute](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Illegal_flower_tribute \"Illegal flower tribute\") [Objectives and key results](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Objectives_and_key_results \"Objectives and key results\") [Rooting](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rooting_\\(Android\\) \"Rooting (Android)\") [Search engine manipulation effect](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Search_engine_manipulation_effect \"Search engine manipulation effect\") [Side project time](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Side_project_time \"Side project time\") [Sitelink](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sitelink \"Sitelink\") [Site reliability engineering](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Site_reliability_engineering \"Site reliability engineering\") [StudyTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/StudyTube \"StudyTube\") [VTuber](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VTuber \"VTuber\") [YouTube Poop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_Poop \"YouTube Poop\") [YouTuber](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTuber \"YouTuber\") [list](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_YouTubers \"List of YouTubers\") |\n| Products |   |\n|   |   |\n| Android | [Booting process](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Booting_process_of_Android_devices \"Booting process of Android devices\") [Custom distributions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_custom_Android_distributions \"List of custom Android distributions\") [Features](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_features_in_Android \"List of features in Android\") [Recovery mode](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_recovery_mode \"Android recovery mode\") [Software development](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_software_development \"Android software development\") |\n| [Street View coverage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_coverage \"Google Street View coverage\") | [Africa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Africa \"Google Street View in Africa\") [Antarctica](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Antarctica \"Google Street View in Antarctica\") [Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Asia \"Google Street View in Asia\") [Israel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Israel \"Google Street View in Israel\") [Europe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Europe \"Google Street View in Europe\") [North America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_North_America \"Google Street View in North America\") [Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Canada \"Google Street View in Canada\") [United States](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_the_United_States \"Google Street View in the United States\") [Oceania](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Oceania \"Google Street View in Oceania\") [South America](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_South_America \"Google Street View in South America\") [Argentina](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Argentina \"Google Street View in Argentina\") [Chile](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Chile \"Google Street View in Chile\") [Colombia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Street_View_in_Colombia \"Google Street View in Colombia\") |\n| YouTube | [Copyright strike](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_copyright_strike \"YouTube copyright strike\") [Education](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_in_education \"YouTube in education\") [Features](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_YouTube_features \"List of YouTube features\") [Moderation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_moderation \"YouTube moderation\") [Most-disliked videos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-disliked_YouTube_videos \"List of most-disliked YouTube videos\") [Most-liked videos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-liked_YouTube_videos \"List of most-liked YouTube videos\") [Most-subscribed channels](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-subscribed_YouTube_channels \"List of most-subscribed YouTube channels\") [Most-viewed channels](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-viewed_YouTube_channels \"List of most-viewed YouTube channels\") [Most-viewed videos](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-viewed_YouTube_videos \"List of most-viewed YouTube videos\") [Official channel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_\\(YouTube_channel\\) \"YouTube (YouTube channel)\") [Social impact](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_impact_of_YouTube \"Social impact of YouTube\") [YouTube Premium original programming](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_YouTube_Premium_original_programming \"List of YouTube Premium original programming\") |\n| Other | [Gmail interface](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gmail_interface \"Gmail interface\") [Maps pin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Maps_pin \"Google Maps pin\") [Most downloaded Google Play applications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_most-downloaded_Google_Play_applications \"List of most-downloaded Google Play applications\") [Stadia games](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Stadia_games \"List of Stadia games\") |\n| [Documentaries](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Documentary_films_about_Google \"Category:Documentary films about Google\") | *[AlphaGo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AlphaGo_\\(film\\) \"AlphaGo (film)\")* *[Google: Behind the Screen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Behind_the_Screen \"Google Behind the Screen\")* *[Google Maps Road Trip](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Maps_Road_Trip \"Google Maps Road Trip\")* *[Google and the World Brain](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_and_the_World_Brain \"Google and the World Brain\")* *[The Creepy Line](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Creepy_Line \"The Creepy Line\")* |\n| [Books](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Books_about_Google \"Category:Books about Google\") | *[Google Hacks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Hacks \"Google Hacks\")* *[The Google Story](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Google_Story \"The Google Story\")* *[Googled: The End of the World as We Know It](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Googled:_The_End_of_the_World_as_We_Know_It \"Googled: The End of the World as We Know It\")* *[How Google Works](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/How_Google_Works \"How Google Works\")* *[I'm Feeling Lucky](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/I%27m_Feeling_Lucky_\\(book\\) \"I'm Feeling Lucky (book)\")* *[In the Plex](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/In_the_Plex \"In the Plex\")* *[The MANIAC](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_MANIAC \"The MANIAC\")* |\n| Popular culture | *[Google Feud](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Feud \"Google Feud\")* *[Google Me](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Me_\\(film\\) \"Google Me (film)\")* (film) \"[Google Me](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Me_\\(Kim_Zolciak_song\\) \"Google Me (Kim Zolciak song)\")\" (Kim Zolciak song) \"[Google Me](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Me_\\(Teyana_Taylor_song\\) \"Google Me (Teyana Taylor song)\")\" (Teyana Taylor song) *[Is Google Making Us Stupid?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Is_Google_Making_Us_Stupid%3F \"Is Google Making Us Stupid?\")* *[Proceratium google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Proceratium_google \"Proceratium google\")* *[Matt Nathanson: Live at Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matt_Nathanson:_Live_at_Google \"Matt Nathanson: Live at Google\")* *[The Billion Dollar Code](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Billion_Dollar_Code \"The Billion Dollar Code\")* *[The Internship](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Internship \"The Internship\")* *[Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Where_on_Google_Earth_is_Carmen_Sandiego%3F \"Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?\")* |\n| Other | \"[Attention Is All You Need](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attention_Is_All_You_Need \"Attention Is All You Need\")\" [elgooG](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ElgooG \"ElgooG\") [Generative pre-trained transformer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Generative_pre-trained_transformer \"Generative pre-trained transformer\") \"[Me at the zoo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Me_at_the_zoo \"Me at the zoo\")\" [Predictions of the end](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Predictions_of_the_end_of_Google \"Predictions of the end of Google\") [Relationship with Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia \"Relationship between Google and Wikipedia\") \"[Reunion](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reunion_\\(advertisement\\) \"Reunion (advertisement)\")\" [Robot Constitution](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robot_Constitution \"Robot Constitution\") |\n| *Italics* denote [discontinued products](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_products#Discontinued_products_and_services \"List of Google products\"). ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Symbol_category_class.svg\/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Google \"Category:Google\") ![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/41\/Global_thinking.svg\/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png) [Outline](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Outline_of_Google \"Outline of Google\") |   |\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Template:Android (operating system)\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Template talk:Android (operating system)\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Android (operating system)\")[Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") |   |\n|---|---|\n| [Android Go](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Go \"Android Go\") [Comparison of products](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products \"Comparison of Android Go products\") |   |\n| [Software development](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_software_development \"Android software development\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Development tools](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programming_tool \"Programming tool\") |   |\n|   |   |\n| Official | [Android Runtime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Runtime \"Android Runtime\") (ART) [Software development kit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_SDK \"Android SDK\") (SDK) [Android Debug Bridge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Debug_Bridge \"Android Debug Bridge\") (ADB) [Fastboot](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fastboot \"Fastboot\") [Android App Bundle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_App_Bundle \"Android App Bundle\") [Android application package](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apk_\\(file_format\\) \"Apk (file format)\") (APK) [Bionic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bionic_\\(software\\) \"Bionic (software)\") [Dalvik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalvik_\\(software\\) \"Dalvik (software)\") [Firebase](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firebase \"Firebase\") [Google Cloud Messaging](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cloud_Messaging \"Google Cloud Messaging\") (GCM) [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging \"Firebase Cloud Messaging\") (FCM) [Google Mobile Services](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Mobile_Services \"Google Mobile Services\") (GMS) [Jetpack Compose](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jetpack_Compose \"Jetpack Compose\") [Native development kit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_NDK \"Android NDK\") (NDK) [Open accessory development kit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_software_development#Android_Open_Accessory_Development_Kit \"Android software development\") (OADK) [RenderScript](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RenderScript \"RenderScript\") [Skia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Skia_Graphics_Engine \"Skia Graphics Engine\") [AdMob](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AdMob \"AdMob\") [Material Design](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Material_Design \"Material Design\") [Fonts](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Font \"Font\") [Droid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Droid_\\(typeface\\) \"Droid (typeface)\") [Roboto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roboto \"Roboto\") [Noto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noto_fonts \"Noto fonts\") [Google Developers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Developers \"Google Developers\") |\n| Other | [OpenBinder](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenBinder \"OpenBinder\") [Apache Harmony](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apache_Harmony \"Apache Harmony\") [OpenJDK](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OpenJDK \"OpenJDK\") [Gradle](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gradle \"Gradle\") [GSON](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GSON \"GSON\") |\n| [Integrated development environments](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Integrated_development_environment \"Integrated development environment\") (IDE) | [Android Studio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Studio \"Android Studio\") [IntelliJ IDEA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IntelliJ_IDEA \"IntelliJ IDEA\") [Eclipse](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eclipse_\\(software\\) \"Eclipse (software)\") [Android Development Tools](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eclipse_\\(software\\)#Android_Development_Tools \"Eclipse (software)\") (ADT) [MIT App Inventor](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_App_Inventor \"MIT App Inventor\") |\n| [Languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programming_language \"Programming language\"), [databases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Database \"Database\") | [Java](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Java_\\(programming_language\\) \"Java (programming language)\") [Kotlin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kotlin \"Kotlin\") [XML](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/XML \"XML\") [KML](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/KML \"KML\") [C](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C_\\(programming_language\\) \"C (programming language)\") [C++](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%2B%2B \"C++\") [SQLite](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SQLite \"SQLite\") |\n| [Augmented reality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augmented_reality \"Augmented reality\") and [virtual reality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virtual_reality \"Virtual reality\") | [Android XR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_XR \"Android XR\") [Cardboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Cardboard \"Google Cardboard\") [Daydream](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Daydream \"Google Daydream\") |\n| Events, [communities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Community_of_practice \"Community of practice\") | [Google I\/O](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_I\/O \"Google I\/O\") [Developer Challenge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Developer_Challenge \"Android Developer Challenge\") [Developer Lab](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Developer_Lab \"Android Developer Lab\") [Android Open Source Project](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\)#Development \"Android (operating system)\") (AOSP) |\n| [Releases](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_version_history \"Android version history\") | [Cupcake (1.5)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Cupcake \"Android Cupcake\") [Donut (1.6)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Donut \"Android Donut\") [Eclair (2.0–2.1)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Eclair \"Android Eclair\") [Froyo (2.2)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Froyo \"Android Froyo\") [Gingerbread (2.3)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Gingerbread \"Android Gingerbread\") [Honeycomb (3.x)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Honeycomb \"Android Honeycomb\") [Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich \"Android Ice Cream Sandwich\") [Jelly Bean (4.1–4.3)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Jelly_Bean \"Android Jelly Bean\") [KitKat (4.4)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_KitKat \"Android KitKat\") [Lollipop (5.x)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Lollipop \"Android Lollipop\") [Marshmallow (6.x)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Marshmallow \"Android Marshmallow\") [Nougat (7.x)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Nougat \"Android Nougat\") [Oreo (8.x)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Oreo \"Android Oreo\") [Pie (9)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Pie \"Android Pie\") [10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_10 \"Android 10\") [11](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_11 \"Android 11\") [12](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_12 \"Android 12\") [13](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_13 \"Android 13\") [14](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_14 \"Android 14\") [15](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_15 \"Android 15\") [16](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_16 \"Android 16\") |\n| Derivatives | [Android Automotive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Automotive \"Android Automotive\") [Android Things](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Things \"Android Things\") [TV](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_TV \"Android TV\") [devices](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Android_TV_devices \"List of Android TV devices\") [Android XR](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_XR \"Android XR\") [Wear OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wear_OS \"Wear OS\") |\n| Devices |   |\n|   |   |\n| [Pixel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pixel \"Google Pixel\") | [C](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_C \"Pixel C\") [Pixel & Pixel XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_\\(1st_generation\\) \"Pixel (1st generation)\") [2 & 2 XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_2 \"Pixel 2\") [3 & 3 XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_3 \"Pixel 3\") [3a & 3a XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_3a \"Pixel 3a\") [4 & 4 XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_4 \"Pixel 4\") [4a & 4a (5G)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_4a \"Pixel 4a\") [5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_5 \"Pixel 5\") [5a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_5a \"Pixel 5a\") [6 & 6 Pro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_6 \"Pixel 6\") [6a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_6a \"Pixel 6a\") [7 & 7 Pro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_7 \"Pixel 7\") [7a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_7a \"Pixel 7a\") [Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Fold \"Pixel Fold\") [Tablet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Tablet \"Pixel Tablet\") [8 & 8 Pro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_8 \"Pixel 8\") [8a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_8a \"Pixel 8a\") [9, 9 Pro & 9 Pro XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9 \"Pixel 9\") [9 Pro Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold \"Pixel 9 Pro Fold\") [9a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_9a \"Pixel 9a\") [10, 10 Pro & 10 Pro XL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_10 \"Pixel 10\") [10 Pro Fold](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_10_Pro_Fold \"Pixel 10 Pro Fold\") [10a](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_10a \"Pixel 10a\") |\n| [Nexus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nexus \"Google Nexus\") | [One](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_One \"Nexus One\") [S](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_S \"Nexus S\") [Galaxy Nexus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galaxy_Nexus \"Galaxy Nexus\") [4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_4 \"Nexus 4\") [10](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_10 \"Nexus 10\") [Q](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_Q \"Nexus Q\") [5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_5 \"Nexus 5\") [5X](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_5X \"Nexus 5X\") [6](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_6 \"Nexus 6\") [6P](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_6P \"Nexus 6P\") 7 [2012](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_7_\\(2012\\) \"Nexus 7 (2012)\") [2013](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_7_\\(2013\\) \"Nexus 7 (2013)\") [9](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_9 \"Nexus 9\") [Player](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nexus_Player \"Nexus Player\") |\n| [Play edition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices \"List of Google Play edition devices\") | [HTC One (M7)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTC_One_\\(M7\\) \"HTC One (M7)\") [HTC One (M8)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTC_One_\\(M8\\) \"HTC One (M8)\") [LG G Pad 8.3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LG_G_Pad_8.3 \"LG G Pad 8.3\") [Moto G](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moto_G_\\(1st_generation\\) \"Moto G (1st generation)\") [Samsung Galaxy S4](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samsung_Galaxy_S4 \"Samsung Galaxy S4\") [Sony Xperia Z Ultra](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sony_Xperia_Z_Ultra \"Sony Xperia Z Ultra\") |\n| [Android One](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_One \"Android One\") [other smartphones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Android_smartphones \"List of Android smartphones\") |   |\n| [Custom distributions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_custom_Android_distributions \"List of custom Android distributions\") | [AliOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AliOS \"AliOS\") [Android-x86](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android-x86 \"Android-x86\") [Remix OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Remix_OS \"Remix OS\") [AOKP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AOKP \"AOKP\") [Baidu Yi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baidu_Yi \"Baidu Yi\") [Barnes & Noble Nook](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook \"Barnes & Noble Nook\") [CalyxOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CalyxOS \"CalyxOS\") [ColorOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ColorOS \"ColorOS\") [OxygenOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OxygenOS \"OxygenOS\") [realme UI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Realme \"Realme\") [CopperheadOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CopperheadOS \"CopperheadOS\") [EMUI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EMUI \"EMUI\") [MagicOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honor_\\(brand\\) \"Honor (brand)\") [Fire OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fire_OS \"Fire OS\") [Flyme OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meizu#Flyme \"Meizu\") [GrapheneOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GrapheneOS \"GrapheneOS\") [LeWa OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LeWa_OS \"LeWa OS\") [LineageOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LineageOS \"LineageOS\") [\/e\/](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\/e\/_\\(operating_system\\) \"\/e\/ (operating system)\") [CrDroid](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CrDroid \"CrDroid\") [CyanogenMod](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CyanogenMod \"CyanogenMod\") [DivestOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DivestOS \"DivestOS\") [iodéOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iod%C3%A9OS \"IodéOS\") [Kali NetHunter](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kali_NetHunter \"Kali NetHunter\") [LiteOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LiteOS \"LiteOS\") [Meta Horizon OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meta_Horizon_OS \"Meta Horizon OS\") [MicroG](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MicroG \"MicroG\") [Nokia X software platform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nokia_X_family#Nokia_X_software_platform \"Nokia X family\") [OmniROM](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OmniROM \"OmniROM\") [OPhone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OPhone \"OPhone\") [PixelExperience](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PixelExperience \"PixelExperience\") [Pixel UI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_\\(Pixel_Launcher\\) \"Google Pixel\") [Replicant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Replicant_\\(operating_system\\) \"Replicant (operating system)\") [Resurrection Remix OS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Resurrection_Remix_OS \"Resurrection Remix OS\") [SlimRoms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SlimRoms \"SlimRoms\") [TCL UI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TCL_Technology \"TCL Technology\") [Ubuntu for Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ubuntu_Touch#Ubuntu_for_Android \"Ubuntu Touch\") [Xiaomi HyperOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xiaomi_HyperOS \"Xiaomi HyperOS\") [MIUI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIUI \"MIUI\") [XobotOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/XobotOS \"XobotOS\") [ZUI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lenovo_smartphones \"Lenovo smartphones\") |\n| Booting and recovery | [Booting process](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Booting_process_of_Android_devices \"Booting process of Android devices\") [Recovery mode](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_recovery_mode \"Android recovery mode\") [TWRP](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TWRP_\\(software\\) \"TWRP (software)\") [ClockworkMod](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ClockworkMod \"ClockworkMod\") 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Google_Translate&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nGoogle Translate\n\n120 languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate)","attrs_readable_markdown":"|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Google_Translate_logo.svg\/120px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) |   |\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/07\/Google_Translate_screenshot.png\/330px-Google_Translate_screenshot.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_screenshot.png)Google Translate website homepage |   |\n| Type of site | [Neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") |\n| Available in | 249 languages; see [below](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) |\n| Owner | [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") |\n| URL | [translate.google.com](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/) |\n| Commercial | Yes |\n| Registration | Optional |\n| [Users](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Registered_user \"Registered user\") | Over 500 million people daily |\n| Launched | April 28, 2006; 19 years ago (as [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\"))[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) November 15, 2016; 9 years ago (as [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\"))[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) |\n| Current status | Active |\n\n**Google Translate** is a [multilingual](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multilingualism \"Multilingualism\") [neural](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") [machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Machine_translation \"Machine translation\") service developed by [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") to [translate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translation \"Translation\") text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a [website interface](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_application \"Web application\"), a [mobile app](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mobile_app \"Mobile app\") for [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\"), and an [API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/API \"API\") that helps developers build [browser extensions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Browser_extension \"Browser extension\") and [software applications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Application_software \"Application software\").[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-translations_made_simple-3) As of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages-5) It served over 200 million people daily in May 2013,[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people-6) and over 500 million total users as of April 2016,[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate-7) with more than 100 billion words translated daily.\n\nLaunched in April 2006 as a [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") service, it originally used [United Nations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations \"United Nations\") and [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") documents and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid,[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8) with a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish.[\\[9\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations-9) During a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\") model to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized\\[*[by whom?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style\/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions \"Wikipedia:Manual of Style\/Words to watch\")*\\] on several occasions,[\\[10\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hofstadter,_Douglas-10) has been measured to vary greatly across languages.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) In November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") engine – [Google Neural Machine Translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation \"Google Neural Machine Translation\") (GNMT) – which translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)\n\nHistory\n\nGoogle Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages.\n\nOriginally, Google Translate was released as a [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") (SMT) service.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) The input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) Since SMT uses predictive [algorithms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algorithm \"Algorithm\") to translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12)\n\nIn January 2010, Google introduced an [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") app and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\") version in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) As of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages.[\\[12\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12)\n\nIn May 2014, Google acquired [Word Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_Lens \"Word Lens\") to improve the quality of visual and voice translation.[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) It is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system [automatically identifies](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Language_identification \"Language identification\") foreign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever [speech translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_translation \"Speech translation\") is needed.[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13)\n\nIn November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\").[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) It uses [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\") techniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese.[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15) No measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14)\n\nIn 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at [Teesside](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teesside \"Teesside\") Magistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant.[\\[16\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Corcoran,_Kieran-16)\n\nA petition for Google to add [Cree](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cree_language \"Cree language\") to Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure.[\\[17\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chidley-Hill,_John-17)[\\[18\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Beattie,_Samantha-18)\n\nAt the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in [mainland China](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mainland_China \"Mainland China\"), which Google said was due to \"low usage\".[\\[19\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wiggers,_Kyle-19)[\\[20\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Strumpf,_Dan-20)\n\nIn 2024, a record of 110 languages including [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\"), [Tok Pisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tok_Pisin \"Tok Pisin\") and some regional languages in [Russia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russia \"Russia\") including [Bashkir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bashkir_language \"Bashkir language\"), [Chechen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechen_language \"Chechen language\"), [Ossetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossetian_language \"Ossetian language\") and [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") were added. The languages were added through the help of the [PaLM 2](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PaLM_2 \"PaLM 2\") [Generative AI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Generative_AI \"Generative AI\") model.[\\[21\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Jibin,_Joseph-21)[\\[22\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olga,_Kusikova-22)\n\nFunctions\n\nGoogle Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) Specifically, its functions include:\n\n- **Written Words Translation:** a function that translates written words or text to a foreign language.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25)\n- **Website Translation:** a function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26)\n- **Document Translation:** a function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26)\n- **Speech Translation:** a function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language.[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27)\n- **Mobile App Translation:** in 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called \"Tap to Translate\", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it.[\\[28\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_text_in_other_apps-28)\n- **Image Translation:** a function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images.[\\[29\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_images-29)\n- **Handwritten Translation:** a function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard.[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)\n- **Bilingual Conversation Translation:** a function that translates conversations in multiple languages.[\\[31\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_a_bilingual_conversation-31)\n- **Transcription:** a function that transcribes speech in different languages.[\\[32\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Transcribe_in_Google_Translate-32)\n\nFor most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24)\n\nFeatures\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/a\/a1\/Google_translate_webpage.png\/250px-Google_translate_webpage.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_translate_webpage.png)\n\n[English Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_Wikipedia \"English Wikipedia\")'s homepage translated into [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\")\n\nWeb interface\n\nGoogle Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images.[\\[23\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\\[24\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) For some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text,[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) and in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary[\\[33\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-when_and_how_to_use_GT_dictionary-33) and has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) If \"Detect language\" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a [URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/URL \"URL\") in the source text, Google Translate will produce a [hyperlink](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyperlink \"Hyperlink\") to a machine translation of the website.[\\[26\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) Users can save translation proposals in a \"phrasebook\" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation.[\\[35\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Save_translations-35)[\\[36\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-AK,_Sony-36) For some languages, text can be entered via an [on-screen keyboard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Virtual_keyboard \"Virtual keyboard\"), whether through [handwriting recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Handwriting_recognition \"Handwriting recognition\") or [speech recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_recognition \"Speech recognition\").[\\[30\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)[\\[27\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) It is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language.\n\nTexts written in the [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic_script \"Arabic script\"), [Cyrillic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyrillic_script \"Cyrillic script\"), [Devanagari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devanagari \"Devanagari\") and [Greek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_alphabet \"Greek alphabet\") scripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the [Latin alphabet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin_alphabet \"Latin alphabet\"). The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2e\/Google_English_accent_map.svg\/250px-Google_English_accent_map.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_English_accent_map.svg)\n\nAccent of English that the \"text-to-speech\" audio of Google Translate of each country uses:\n\nBritish (Received Pronunciation) (female)\n\nGeneral American (female)\n\nGeneral Australian (female)\n\nIndian (female)\n\nNo Google translate service\n\nMany of the more popular languages have a \"text-to-speech\" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of [pluricentric languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pluricentric_language \"Pluricentric language\"), the accent depends on the region: for English, in the [Americas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Americas \"Americas\"), most of the [Asia–Pacific](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific \"Asia–Pacific\") and [West Asia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Asia \"West Asia\"), the audio uses a female [General American](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/General_American_English \"General American English\") accent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female [British](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_English \"British English\") ([Received Pronunciation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Received_Pronunciation \"Received Pronunciation\")) accent is used, except for a special [General Australian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Australian_English \"Australian English\") accent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an [Indian English](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_English \"Indian English\") accent used in India; for Spanish, in the [Americas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Americas \"Americas\"), a [Latin American](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas \"Spanish language in the Americas\") accent is used, while in other parts of the world, a [Castilian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Castilian_Spanish \"Castilian Spanish\") accent is used; for [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\"), a [Quebec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quebec_French \"Quebec French\") accent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a [standard European accent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standard_French \"Standard French\") is used; for [Bengali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengali_language \"Bengali language\"), a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source [eSpeak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ESpeak \"ESpeak\") synthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand.\n\nBrowser integration\n\nGoogle Translate is available in some [web browsers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_browser \"Web browser\") as an optional downloadable [extension](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Browser_extension \"Browser extension\") that can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service.[\\[37\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Firefox-37)[\\[38\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chrome_Web_Store-38)[\\[39\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Baldwin,_Roberto-39) In February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the [Google Chrome](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Chrome \"Google Chrome\") browser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation.[\\[40\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brinkmann,_Martin-40)[\\[41\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-TechWhack_Google_Chrome_Translate-41)[\\[42\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wauters,_Robin-42)\n\nMobile app\n\n| Google Translate |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Google_Translate_logo.svg\/250px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) |   |\n| Screenshot [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/1\/19\/Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png) A screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate |   |\n| [Developer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Programmer \"Programmer\") | [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") |\n| Initial release | January 1, 2010; 16 years ago (for Android) February 8, 2011; 15 years ago (for iOS) |\n| [Stable release(s)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_release_life_cycle \"Software release life cycle\") [\\[±\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Latest_stable_software_release\/Google_Translate?action=edit) |   |\n|   |   |\n| Android | 10\\.1.35 (Build 855527520) \/ 13 January 2026; 2 months ago[\\[43\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-43)[\\[44\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-44) |\n| iOS | 10\\.2.280 \/ 20 January 2026; 2 months ago[\\[45\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-45) |\n| Google Chrome, discontinued | 2\\.0.16 \/ 5 September 2024; 18 months ago[\\[46\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-46) |\n| [Platform](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computing_platform \"Computing platform\") | [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") [6\\.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Marshmallow \"Android Marshmallow\") and later [iOS 12](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS_12 \"IOS 12\").4 and later |\n| [Size](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File_size \"File size\") | 37\\.44 [MB](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Megabyte \"Megabyte\") (Android) 177\\.4 MB (iOS) |\n| Available in | 249 languages; see [below](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) |\n| [Type](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches \"Software categories\") | [Neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") |\n| Website | [translate.google.com\/m?hl=en](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/m?hl=en) |\n\nThe Google Translate app for [Android](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_\\(operating_system\\) \"Android (operating system)\") and [iOS](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IOS \"IOS\") supports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in \"conversation mode\", and 27 via live video imagery in \"augmented reality mode\".[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)\n\nThe Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011,[\\[49\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Zhu,_Wenzhang-49) after an [HTML5](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTML5 \"HTML5\") [web application](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_application \"Web application\") was released for iOS users in August 2008.[\\[50\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hutchinson,_Allen-50) The Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with [iPod Touches](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPod_Touch \"IPod Touch\"), [iPads](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPad \"IPad\") and [iPhones](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IPhone \"IPhone\") updated to iOS 7.0+.[\\[51\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-iTunes-51)\n\nA January 2011 Android version experimented with a \"Conversation Mode\" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language.[\\[52\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hachman,_Mark-52) Originally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October.[\\[53\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-53)[\\[54\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-54)[\\[55\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-55)\n\nThe 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using [optical character recognition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Optical_character_recognition \"Optical character recognition\") (OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages.\n\nIn January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the [Word Lens](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_Lens \"Word Lens\") app.[\\[56\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_hello-56)[\\[57\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Russell,_Jon-57)[\\[13\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) The original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes [convolutional neural networks](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convolutional_neural_network \"Convolutional neural network\"), and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations ([augmented reality](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Augmented_reality \"Augmented reality\")).[\\[47\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\\[48\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)[\\[58\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Good,_Otavio-58)[\\[59\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gush,_Andrew-59)[\\[60\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olanoff,_Drew-60) The feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived.[\\[61\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-instant_camera_translation-61)\n\nOn May 11, 2016, Google introduced *Tap to Translate* for Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations.[\\[62\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kastrenakes,_Jacob-62)\n\nAPI\n\nOn May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate [API](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/API \"API\") for [software developers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_development \"Software development\") had been deprecated and would cease functioning.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\\[65\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_Google_to_shut_down_Translate_API-65) The Translate API page stated the reason as \"substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse\" with an end date set for December 1, 2011.[\\[66\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_API-66) In response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service.[\\[63\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\\[64\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\\[67\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_to_start_charging_for_translations-67)\n\nBecause the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products.[\\[68\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wong,_George-68)[\\[69\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Burnette,_Ed-69)\n\nGoogle Assistant\n\nGoogle Translate also provides translations for [Google Assistant](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Assistant \"Google Assistant\") and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as [Google Nest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Nest_\\(smart_speakers\\) \"Google Nest (smart speakers)\") and [Pixel Buds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pixel_Buds \"Pixel Buds\").\n\nSupported languages\n\nAs of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)\n\n1. [Abkhaz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abkhaz_language \"Abkhaz language\")\n2. [Acehnese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acehnese_language \"Acehnese language\")\n3. [Acholi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acholi_dialect \"Acholi dialect\")\n4. [Afar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afar_language \"Afar language\")\n5. [Afrikaans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Afrikaans \"Afrikaans\")\n6. [Albanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albanian_language \"Albanian language\")\n7. [Alur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alur_language \"Alur language\")\n8. [Amharic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amharic \"Amharic\")\n9. [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic \"Arabic\")\n10. [Armenian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Armenian_language \"Armenian language\")\n11. [Assamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assamese_language \"Assamese language\")\n12. [Avar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avar_language \"Avar language\")\n13. [Awadhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Awadhi_language \"Awadhi language\")\n14. [Aymara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aymara_language \"Aymara language\")\n15. [Azerbaijani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerbaijani_language \"Azerbaijani language\")\n16. [Balinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balinese_language \"Balinese language\")\n17. [Baluchi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Balochi_language \"Balochi language\")\n18. [Bambara](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bambara_language \"Bambara language\")\n19. [Baoulé](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baoul%C3%A9_language \"Baoulé language\")\n20. [Bashkir](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bashkir_language \"Bashkir language\")\n21. [Basque](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basque_language \"Basque language\")\n22. [Batak Karo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Karo_language \"Batak Karo language\")\n23. [Batak Simalungun](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batak_Simalungun_language \"Batak Simalungun language\")\n24. [Batak Toba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toba_Batak_language \"Toba Batak language\")\n25. [Belarusian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_language \"Belarusian language\")\n26. [Bemba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bemba_language \"Bemba language\")\n27. [Bengali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengali_language \"Bengali language\")\n28. [Betawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betawi_language \"Betawi language\")\n29. [Bhojpuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bhojpuri_language \"Bhojpuri language\")\n30. [Bikol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Bikol \"Central Bikol\")\n31. [Bosnian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bosnian_language \"Bosnian language\")\n32. [Breton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breton_language \"Breton language\")\n33. [Bulgarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bulgarian_language \"Bulgarian language\")\n34. [Buryat](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buryat_language \"Buryat language\")\n35. [Cantonese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantonese \"Cantonese\")\n36. [Catalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_language \"Catalan language\")\n37. [Cebuano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cebuano_language \"Cebuano language\")\n38. [Chamorro](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chamorro_language \"Chamorro language\")\n39. [Chechen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chechen_language \"Chechen language\")\n40. [Chichewa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chewa_language \"Chewa language\")\n41. [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Simplified](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simplified_Chinese_characters \"Simplified Chinese characters\"))\n42. [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") ([Traditional](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Traditional_Chinese_characters \"Traditional Chinese characters\"))\n43. [Chuukese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuukese_language \"Chuukese language\")\n44. [Chuvash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chuvash_language \"Chuvash language\")\n45. [Corsican](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corsican_language \"Corsican language\")\n46. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Cyrillic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n47. [Crimean Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_language \"Crimean Tatar language\") ([Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin \"Crimean Tatar alphabet\"))\n48. [Croatian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatian_language \"Croatian language\")\n49. [Czech](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech_language \"Czech language\")\n50. [Danish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danish_language \"Danish language\")\n51. [Dari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dari \"Dari\")\n52. [Dhivehi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maldivian_language \"Maldivian language\")\n53. [Dinka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinka_language \"Dinka language\")\n54. [Dogri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dogri_language \"Dogri language\")\n55. [Dombe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tonga_language_\\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\\) \"Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)\")\n56. [Dutch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_language \"Dutch language\")\n57. [Dyula](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dyula_language \"Dyula language\")\n58. [Dzongkha](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dzongkha \"Dzongkha\")\n59. [English](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_language \"English language\")\n60. [Esperanto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Esperanto \"Esperanto\")\n61. [Estonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonian_language \"Estonian language\")\n62. [Ewe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ewe_language \"Ewe language\")\n63. [Faroese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faroese_language \"Faroese language\")\n64. [Fijian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fijian_language \"Fijian language\")\n65. [Filipino](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipino_language \"Filipino language\")\n66. [Finnish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finnish_language \"Finnish language\")\n67. [Fon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fon_language \"Fon language\")\n68. [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\")\n69. [French](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_language \"French language\") ([Canada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_French \"Canadian French\"))\n70. [Frisian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Frisian_language \"West Frisian language\")\n71. [Friulian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friulian_language \"Friulian language\")\n72. [Fulani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fula_language \"Fula language\")\n73. [Ga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ga_language \"Ga language\")\n74. [Galician](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician_language \"Galician language\")\n75. [Georgian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgian_language \"Georgian language\")\n76. [German](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_language \"German language\")\n77. [Greek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greek_language \"Greek language\")\n78. [Guarani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guarani_language \"Guarani language\")\n79. [Gujarati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_language \"Gujarati language\")\n80. [Haitian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_Creole \"Haitian Creole\")\n81. [Hakha Chin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hakha_Chin \"Hakha Chin\")\n82. [Hausa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hausa_language \"Hausa language\")\n83. [Hawaiian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawaiian_language \"Hawaiian language\")\n84. [Hebrew](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_language \"Hebrew language\")\n85. [Hiligaynon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hiligaynon_language \"Hiligaynon language\")\n86. [Hindi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindi \"Hindi\")\n87. [Hmong](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hmong_language \"Hmong language\")\n88. [Hungarian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hungarian_language \"Hungarian language\")\n89. [Hunsrik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunsrik \"Hunsrik\")\n90. [Iban](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iban_language \"Iban language\")\n91. [Icelandic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Icelandic_language \"Icelandic language\")\n92. [Igbo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Igbo_language \"Igbo language\")\n93. [Ilocano](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilocano_language \"Ilocano language\")\n94. [Indonesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indonesian_language \"Indonesian language\")\n95. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") (Latin)\n96. [Inuktut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut \"Inuktitut\") ([Syllabics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inuktitut_syllabics \"Inuktitut syllabics\"))\n97. [Irish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irish_language \"Irish language\")\n98. [Italian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Italian_language \"Italian language\")\n99. [Jamaican Patois](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jamaican_Patois \"Jamaican Patois\")\n100. [Japanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_language \"Japanese language\")\n101. [Javanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Javanese_language \"Javanese language\")\n102. [Jingpo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jingpo_language \"Jingpo language\")\n103. [Kalaallisut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Greenlandic \"West Greenlandic\")\n104. [Kannada](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kannada \"Kannada\")\n105. [Kanuri](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanuri_language \"Kanuri language\")\n106. [Kapampangan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kapampangan_language \"Kapampangan language\")\n107. [Kazakh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kazakh_language \"Kazakh language\")\n108. [Khasi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khasi_language \"Khasi language\")\n109. [Khmer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khmer_language \"Khmer language\")\n110. [Kiga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiga_language \"Kiga language\")\n111. [Kikongo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kongo_language \"Kongo language\")\n112. [Kinyarwanda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kinyarwanda \"Kinyarwanda\")\n113. [Kituba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kituba_language \"Kituba language\")\n114. [Kokborok](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kokborok \"Kokborok\")\n115. [Komi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komi_language \"Komi language\")\n116. [Konkani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konkani_language \"Konkani language\")\n117. [Korean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language \"Korean language\")\n118. [Krio](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Krio_language \"Krio language\")\n119. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Kurmanji](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurmanji \"Kurmanji\"))\n120. [Kurdish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_language \"Kurdish language\") ([Sorani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sorani \"Sorani\"))\n121. [Kyrgyz](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyrgyz_language \"Kyrgyz language\")\n122. [Lao](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lao_language \"Lao language\")\n123. [Latgalian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latgalian_language \"Latgalian language\")\n124. [Latin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin \"Latin\")\n125. [Latvian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvian_language \"Latvian language\")\n126. [Ligurian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligurian_language \"Ligurian language\")\n127. [Limburgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Limburgish \"Limburgish\")\n128. [Lingala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lingala \"Lingala\")\n129. [Lithuanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuanian_language \"Lithuanian language\")\n130. [Lombard](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lombard_language \"Lombard language\")\n131. [Luganda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luganda \"Luganda\")\n132. [Luo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dholuo \"Dholuo\")\n133. [Luxembourgish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luxembourgish \"Luxembourgish\")\n134. [Macedonian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macedonian_language \"Macedonian language\")\n135. [Madurese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madurese_language \"Madurese language\")\n136. [Maithili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maithili_language \"Maithili language\")\n137. [Makassar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Makassarese_language \"Makassarese language\")\n138. [Malagasy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malagasy_language \"Malagasy language\")\n139. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\")\n140. [Malay](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malay_language \"Malay language\") ([Jawi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jawi_script \"Jawi script\"))\n141. [Malayalam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malayalam \"Malayalam\")\n142. [Maltese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maltese_language \"Maltese language\")\n143. [Mam](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mam_language \"Mam language\")\n144. [Manx](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manx_language \"Manx language\")\n145. [Maori](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C4%81ori_language \"Māori language\")\n146. [Marathi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marathi_language \"Marathi language\")\n147. [Marshallese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marshallese_language \"Marshallese language\")\n148. [Marwadi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwari_language \"Marwari language\")\n149. [Mauritian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mauritian_Creole \"Mauritian Creole\")\n150. [Meadow Mari](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meadow_Mari_language \"Meadow Mari language\")\n151. [Meiteilon (Manipuri)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meitei_language \"Meitei language\")\n152. [Minang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minangkabau_language \"Minangkabau language\")\n153. [Mizo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizo_language \"Mizo language\")\n154. [Mongolian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolian_language \"Mongolian language\")\n155. [Myanmar (Burmese)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_language \"Burmese language\")\n156. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Huasteca_Nahuatl \"Huasteca Nahuatl\")\n157. [Ndau](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ndau_dialect \"Ndau dialect\")\n158. [Ndebele (South)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Ndebele_language \"Southern Ndebele language\")\n159. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newar_language \"Newar language\")\n160. [Nepali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nepali_language \"Nepali language\")\n161. [NKo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N%27Ko_language \"N'Ko language\")\n162. [Norwegian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Norwegian_language \"Norwegian language\") ([Bokmål](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bokm%C3%A5l \"Bokmål\"))\n163. [Nuer](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuer_language \"Nuer language\")\n164. [Occitan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Occitan_language \"Occitan language\")\n165. [Odia (Oriya)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odia_language \"Odia language\")\n166. [Oromo](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oromo_language \"Oromo language\")\n167. [Ossetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossetian_language \"Ossetian language\")\n168. [Pangasinan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pangasinan_language \"Pangasinan language\")\n169. [Papiamento](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papiamento \"Papiamento\")\n170. [Pashto](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pashto \"Pashto\")\n171. [Persian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_language \"Persian language\")\n172. [Polish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polish_language \"Polish language\")\n173. [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Brazil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Portuguese \"Brazilian Portuguese\"))\n174. [Portuguese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portuguese_language \"Portuguese language\") ([Portugal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Portuguese \"European Portuguese\"))\n175. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Gurmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gurmukhi \"Gurmukhi\"))\n176. [Punjabi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabi_language \"Punjabi language\") ([Shahmukhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shahmukhi \"Shahmukhi\"))\n177. [Quechua](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southern_Quechua \"Southern Quechua\")\n178. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language \"Qʼeqchiʼ language\")\n179. [Romani](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romani_language \"Romani language\")\n180. [Romanian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanian_language \"Romanian language\")\n181. [Rundi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kirundi \"Kirundi\")\n182. [Russian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_language \"Russian language\")\n183. [Sami (North)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_S%C3%A1mi \"Northern Sámi\")\n184. [Samoan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samoan_language \"Samoan language\")\n185. [Sango](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sango_language \"Sango language\")\n186. [Sanskrit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanskrit \"Sanskrit\")\n187. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\") (Latin)\n188. [Santali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Santali_language \"Santali language\") ([Ol Chiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ol_Chiki \"Ol Chiki\"))\n189. [Scots Gaelic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scottish_Gaelic \"Scottish Gaelic\")\n190. [Sepedi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Northern_Sotho \"Northern Sotho\")\n191. [Serbian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Serbian_language \"Serbian language\")\n192. [Sesotho](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sotho_language \"Sotho language\")\n193. [Seychellois Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Seychellois_Creole \"Seychellois Creole\")\n194. [Shan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shan_language \"Shan language\")\n195. [Shona](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shona_language \"Shona language\")\n196. [Sicilian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicilian_language \"Sicilian language\")\n197. [Silesian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silesian_language \"Silesian language\")\n198. [Sindhi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sindhi_language \"Sindhi language\")\n199. [Sinhala](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sinhala_language \"Sinhala language\")\n200. [Slovak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_language \"Slovak language\")\n201. [Slovenian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovene_language \"Slovene language\")\n202. [Somali](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somali_language \"Somali language\")\n203. [Spanish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spanish_language \"Spanish language\")\n204. [Sundanese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sundanese_language \"Sundanese language\")\n205. [Susu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Susu_language \"Susu language\")\n206. [Swahili](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swahili_language \"Swahili language\")\n207. [Swati](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swazi_language \"Swazi language\")\n208. [Swedish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swedish_language \"Swedish language\")\n209. [Tahitian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tahitian_language \"Tahitian language\")\n210. [Tajik](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tajik_language \"Tajik language\")\n211. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\")\n212. [Tamazight](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berber_languages \"Berber languages\") ([Tifinagh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tifinagh \"Tifinagh\"))\n213. [Tamil](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_language \"Tamil language\")\n214. [Tatar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tatar_language \"Tatar language\")\n215. [Telugu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Telugu_language \"Telugu language\")\n216. [Tetum](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tetum_language \"Tetum language\")\n217. [Thai](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thai_language \"Thai language\")\n218. [Tibetan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lhasa_Tibetan \"Lhasa Tibetan\")\n219. [Tigrinya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tigrinya_language \"Tigrinya language\")\n220. [Tiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tiv_language \"Tiv language\")\n221. [Tok Pisin](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tok_Pisin \"Tok Pisin\")\n222. [Tongan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tongan_language \"Tongan language\")\n223. [Tshiluba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luba-Kasai_language \"Luba-Kasai language\")\n224. [Tsonga](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tsonga_language \"Tsonga language\")\n225. [Tswana](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tswana_language \"Tswana language\")\n226. [Tulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tulu_language \"Tulu language\")\n227. [Tumbuka](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tumbuka_language \"Tumbuka language\")\n228. [Turkish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkish_language \"Turkish language\")\n229. [Turkmen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmen_language \"Turkmen language\")\n230. [Tuvan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tuvan_language \"Tuvan language\")\n231. [Twi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twi \"Twi\")\n232. [Udmurt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Udmurt_language \"Udmurt language\")\n233. [Ukrainian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\")\n234. [Urdu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urdu \"Urdu\")\n235. [Uyghur](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uyghur_language \"Uyghur language\")\n236. [Uzbek](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbek_language \"Uzbek language\")\n237. [Venda](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venda_language \"Venda language\")\n238. [Venetian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venetian_language \"Venetian language\")\n239. [Vietnamese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_language \"Vietnamese language\")\n240. [Waray](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Waray_language \"Waray language\")\n241. [Welsh](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welsh_language \"Welsh language\")\n242. [Wolof](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolof_language \"Wolof language\")\n243. [Xhosa](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xhosa_language \"Xhosa language\")\n244. [Yakut](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yakut_language \"Yakut language\")\n245. [Yiddish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yiddish \"Yiddish\")\n246. [Yoruba](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yoruba_language \"Yoruba language\")\n247. [Yucatec Maya](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yucatec_Maya_language \"Yucatec Maya language\")\n248. [Zapotec](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zapotec_languages \"Zapotec languages\")\n249. [Zulu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zulu_language \"Zulu language\")\n\nStages\n\nTranslation methodology\n\nIn April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine.[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1)\n\nGoogle Translate does not apply [grammatical](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grammar \"Grammar\") rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, [Franz Josef Och](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\"), has criticized the effectiveness of [rule-based](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rule-based_machine_translation \"Rule-based machine translation\") [algorithms](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algorithm \"Algorithm\") in favor of statistical approaches.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93)[\\[94\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-MT_Summit_X-94) Original versions of Google Translate were based on a method called [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\"), and more specifically, on research by Och who won the [DARPA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DARPA \"DARPA\") contest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014.[\\[95\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och-95)\n\nGoogle Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2).[\\[96\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-96)[\\[97\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-97)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8)[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) However, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating *vous* from French to Russian gives *vous* → *you* → *ты* OR *Bы\/вы*.[\\[100\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-100) If Google were using an unambiguous, [artificial language](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_language \"Artificial language\") as the intermediary, it would be *vous* → *you* → *Bы\/вы* OR *tu* → *thou* → *ты*. Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as \"you all\" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language.\n\nThe following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English:\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\]\n\n- [Belarusian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Belarusian_language \"Belarusian language\") ([be ↔ ru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Slavic_languages \"East Slavic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Catalan](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catalan_language \"Catalan language\") ([ca ↔ es](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iberian_Romance_languages \"Iberian Romance languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Galician](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician_language \"Galician language\") ([gl ↔ pt](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese \"Galician–Portuguese\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Haitian Creole](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haitian_Creole \"Haitian Creole\") ([ht ↔ fr](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French-based_creole_languages \"French-based creole languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Korean](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_language \"Korean language\") ([ko ↔ ja](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altaic_languages \"Altaic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Slovak](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slovak_language \"Slovak language\") ([sk ↔ cs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Czech%E2%80%93Slovak_languages \"Czech–Slovak languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);\n- [Ukrainian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_language \"Ukrainian language\") ([uk ↔ ru](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/East_Slavic_languages \"East Slavic languages\") ↔ en ↔ other);[\\[99\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99)\n- [Urdu](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urdu \"Urdu\") ([ur ↔ hi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindustani_language \"Hindustani language\") ↔ en ↔ other).\n\nAccording to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual [text corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Text_corpus \"Text corpus\") (or [parallel collection](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parallel_text \"Parallel text\")) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words.[\\[93\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93) Statistical [models](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mathematical_model \"Mathematical model\") from these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used [United Nations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations \"United Nations\") and [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") documents and transcripts.[\\[101\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Adams,_Tim-101)[\\[102\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Tanner,_Adam-102) The UN typically publishes documents in all six [official UN languages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations \"Official languages of the United Nations\"), which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers.[\\[103\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-103)\n\nWhen Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for [patterns](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pattern \"Pattern\") in hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes [informed guesses (AI)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_intelligence \"Artificial intelligence\") as to what an appropriate translation should be.[\\[104\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Inside_Google_Translate-104)\n\nBefore October 2007, for languages other than [Arabic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic \"Arabic\"), [Chinese](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_language \"Chinese language\") and [Russian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Russian_language \"Russian language\"), Google Translate was based on [SYSTRAN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SYSTRAN \"SYSTRAN\"), a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as [Babel Fish](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Babel_Fish_\\(website\\) \"Babel Fish (website)\") (now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on [statistical machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistical_machine_translation \"Statistical machine translation\") instead,[\\[105\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chitu,_Alex-105)[\\[106\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Schwartz,_Barry-106) before transitioning to neural machine translation.\n\nGoogle used to have [crowdsourcing](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crowdsourcing \"Crowdsourcing\") features for volunteers to be a part of its \"Translate Community\", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy.[\\[107\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Southern,_Matt-107)[\\[108\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kelman,_Sveta-108)[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109)[\\[110\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lardinois,_Frederic-110)[\\[111\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Summers,_Nick-111) Volunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases. In August 2016, a [Google Crowdsource](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crowdsource_\\(app\\) \"Crowdsource (app)\") app was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered.[\\[113\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Whitwan,_Ryan-113)[\\[114\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_new_Crowdsource_app-114) There were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Second, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip.[\\[109\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Third, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the \"suggest an edit\" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years.[\\[115\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-myth_5,_GT_learns-115) Despite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024.\n\nStatistical machine translation\n\nAlthough Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another.[\\[116\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lange,_William-116)[\\[117\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-United_Language_Group-117)\n\nNeural machine translation\n\nIn September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the [Google Neural Machine Translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation \"Google Neural Machine Translation\") system (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) and in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT.\n\nGoogle Translate's [neural machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_machine_translation \"Neural machine translation\") system used a large [end-to-end](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/End-to-end_principle \"End-to-end principle\") [artificial neural network](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neural_network_\\(machine_learning\\) \"Neural network (machine learning)\") that attempts to perform [deep learning](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deep_learning \"Deep learning\"),[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\\[120\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Fewster,_Gill-120) in particular, [long short-term memory](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long_short-term_memory \"Long short-term memory\") networks.[\\[121\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm1997-121)[\\[122\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm2000-122)[\\[15\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15)[\\[123\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Metz,_Cade-123) GNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an [example-based machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Example-based_machine_translation \"Example-based machine translation\") (EBMT) method in which the system \"learns from millions of examples.\"[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) According to Google researchers, it translated \"whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar\".[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) GNMT's \"proposed architecture\" of \"system learning\" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) With the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that \"the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations.\"[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) The GNMT network attempts [interlingual machine translation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interlingual_machine_translation \"Interlingual machine translation\"), which encodes the \"semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations\",[\\[119\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\\[98\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98) and the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses \"the commonality found in between many languages\".[\\[124\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McDonald,_Chris-124) GNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\\[118\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) In March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese,[\\[125\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Davenport,_Corbin-125) followed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April.[\\[126\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hager,_Ryne-126)\n\nSince 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on [transformers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transformer_\\(deep_learning_architecture\\) \"Transformer (deep learning architecture)\").[\\[127\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_recent_advances-127)\n\nAccuracy\n\nGoogle Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages.[\\[128\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-conditions-128)[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Accuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances.[\\[129\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-empirical_evaluation-129) Human evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) A few studies have evaluated Chinese,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] French,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] German,\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] and Spanish\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] to English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) indicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English.[\\[130\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-non-english_pairs-130) Research conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the [UCLA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles \"University of California, Los Angeles\") minimum score for the English Proficiency Exam.[\\[131\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Aiken,_Milam-131) Due to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Moreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation.[\\[132\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Furthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14)\n\nWhen used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between [polysemic words](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polysemy \"Polysemy\"). Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has [more than 15 senses](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Most_common_words_in_English \"Most common words in English\"),[\\[133\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-polysemy_Wiktionary-133) which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50\/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality [corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Text_corpus \"Text corpus\") occurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm.[\\[34\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34)\n\nLimitations\n\nGoogle Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with [polysemy](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polysemy \"Polysemy\") (the multiple meanings a word may have)[\\[134\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-mathematics,_polysemy-134)[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) and [multiword expressions](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Idiom#Multiword_expression \"Idiom\") (terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them).[\\[135\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-party_terms-135) A word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate.[\\[136\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-study_Google_Translate-136) Google Translate struggles to differentiate between *imperfect* and *perfect* [aspects](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grammatical_aspect \"Grammatical aspect\") in Romance languages. The [subjunctive mood](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subjunctive_mood \"Subjunctive mood\") is often erroneous.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] Moreover, the formal second person (*vous*) is often chosen, whatever the context.\\[*[citation needed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed \"Wikipedia:Citation needed\")*\\] Since its English reference material contains only \"you\" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with \"you all\" or formal \"you\" variations.\n\nDue to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages.[\\[14\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Some languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents.[\\[11\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11)[\\[137\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Freitas,_Connor-137) No languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the [Europarl Corpus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Europarl_Corpus \"Europarl Corpus\"), a trove of documents from the [European Parliament](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Parliament \"European Parliament\") that have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate,[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) and 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well.[\\[139\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_original-139)[\\[140\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_update-140) However, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits.[\\[138\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138)\n\nThe service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) Therefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function.[\\[25\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25)\n\nOpen-source licenses and components\n\n| Language | [WordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WordNet \"WordNet\") | License |\n|---|---|---|\n| Albanian | Albanet | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\")\/[GPL 3](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3 \"GNU General Public License\") |\n| Arabic | [Arabic WordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic_WordNet \"Arabic WordNet\") | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Catalan | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Chinese | Chinese Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Danish | DanNet | Wordnet |\n| English | Princeton WordNet | Wordnet |\n| Finnish | FinnWordNet | Wordnet |\n| French | WOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français) | [CeCILL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CeCILL \"CeCILL\")\\-C |\n| Galician | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Haitian Creole | MIT-Haiti Initiative | [CC BY 4.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license#Version_4.0 \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Hebrew | Hebrew Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Indonesian | Wordnet Bahasa | [MIT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_License \"MIT License\") |\n| Italian | MultiWordNet | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Japanese | Japanese Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Malay | Wordnet Bahasa | [MIT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MIT_License \"MIT License\") |\n| Norwegian | Norwegian Wordnet | Wordnet |\n| Persian | Persian Wordnet | Free-to-use |\n| Polish | [plWordNet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PlWordNet \"PlWordNet\") | Wordnet |\n| Portuguese | OpenWN-PT | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Spanish | Multilingual Central Repository | [CC BY 3.0](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creative_Commons_license \"Creative Commons license\") |\n| Thai | Thai Wordnet | Wordnet |\n\nIrish language data from [Foras na Gaeilge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Foras_na_Gaeilge \"Foras na Gaeilge\")'s New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin.\n\nCertain content is copyrighted by [Oxford University Press](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxford_University_Press \"Oxford University Press\"), United States. Some phrase translations come from [Wikitravel](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikitravel \"Wikitravel\").[\\[141\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-open-source_licenses_and_components-141)\n\nReviews\n\nShortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation.[\\[142\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Nielsen,_Michael-142)\n\nTranslation mistakes and oddities\n\nSince Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors,[\\[143\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gomes,_Lee-143) often swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language,[\\[144\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Weinberg,_Nathan-144) as well as inverting sentence meaning.[\\[145\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody-145) Novelty websites like [Bad Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translation_Services_USA#Bad_Translator \"Translation Services USA\") and Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages,[\\[146\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona-146) similar to the children's game [telephone](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_whispers \"Chinese whispers\").[\\[147\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kincaid,_Jason-147)\n\nCertain texts in Japanese have shown to be translated to \"Replying to @sarah\\_mcdonald(s)\" in English, often with no relation to the source text. Examples include \"もーるるるるるるるる\", \"バチバチで草\" and \"絵にfう\".[\\[148\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-148) This has been asked on multiple platforms, including [YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube \"YouTube\").[\\[149\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_note-149)\n\nSee also\n\n- [Apertium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apertium \"Apertium\")\n- [Baidu Fanyi](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baidu_Fanyi \"Baidu Fanyi\")\n- [Comparison of machine translation applications](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comparison_of_machine_translation_applications \"Comparison of machine translation applications\")\n- [DeepL Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DeepL_Translator \"DeepL Translator\")\n- [Google Dictionary](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Dictionary \"Google Dictionary\")\n- [Google Translator Toolkit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translator_Toolkit \"Google Translator Toolkit\")\n- [List of Google products](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Google_products \"List of Google products\")\n- [Microsoft Translator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Microsoft_Translator \"Microsoft Translator\")\n- [PROMT](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PROMT \"PROMT\")\n- [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis \"Speech Recognition & Synthesis\")\n- [SYSTRAN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SYSTRAN \"SYSTRAN\")\n- [Translate (Apple)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Translate_\\(Apple\\) \"Translate (Apple)\")\n- [Yandex Translate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yandex_Translate \"Yandex Translate\")\n\nReferences\n\n1. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-2)\n   [Och, Franz Josef](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\") (April 28, 2006). [\"Statistical machine translation live\"](https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2006\/04\/statistical-machine-translation-live.html). *[Google AI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_AI \"Google AI\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180523100259\/https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2006\/04\/statistical-machine-translation-live.html) from the original on May 23, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2011.\n2. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-4) [***f***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-5) [***g***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-6)\n   Turovsky, Barak (November 15, 2016). [\"Found in translation: More accurate, fluent sentences in Google Translate\"](https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate\/). *The Keyword [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170407071226\/https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate\/) from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2016.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-translations_made_simple_3-0)**\n   [\"Translations Made Simple: The Usefulness of Translation Apps\"](https:\/\/www.ulatus.com\/translation-blog\/most-globally-used-translated-apps\/). *Ulatus*. April 8, 2020. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200429054905\/https:\/\/www.ulatus.com\/translation-blog\/most-globally-used-translated-apps\/) from the original on April 29, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.\n4. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-supported_languages_4-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-supported_languages_4-1)\n   [\"See which features work with each language\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/languages\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210112000302\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/languages\/) from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2015.\n5. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages_5-0)**\n   Caswell, Isaac (June 27, 2024). [\"110 new languages are coming to Google Translate\"](https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/translate\/google-translate-new-languages-2024\/). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. Retrieved June 30, 2024.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people_6-0)**\n   Shankland, Stephen (May 18, 2013). [\"Google Translate now serves 200 million people daily\"](https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/google-translate-now-serves-200-million-people-daily\/). *[CNET](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNET \"CNET\")*. [Red Ventures](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Ventures \"Red Ventures\"); [CBS Interactive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramount_Streaming \"Paramount Streaming\") (at the time of publication). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191204114514\/https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/google-translate-now-serves-200-million-people-daily\/) from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2014.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate_7-0)**\n   Turovsky, Barak (April 28, 2016). [\"Ten years of Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.blog.google\/products\/translate\/ten-years-of-google-translate\/). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224080107\/https:\/\/www.blog.google\/products\/translate\/ten-years-of-google-translate\/) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n8. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-pivot_8-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-pivot_8-1)\n   Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"How GT Pivots through English\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/pivot\/). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210113221642\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/pivot\/) from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n9. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations_9-0)**\n   Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Catalan to Spanish Translations\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/catalan-to-spanish-translations\/). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224074444\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/extras\/catalan-to-spanish-translations\/) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n10. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Hofstadter,_Douglas_10-0)**\n    [Hofstadter, Douglas](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douglas_Hofstadter \"Douglas Hofstadter\") (January 30, 2018). [\"The Shallowness of Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2018\/01\/the-shallowness-of-google-translate\/551570\/). *[The Atlantic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Atlantic \"The Atlantic\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200322231523\/https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2018\/01\/the-shallowness-of-google-translate\/551570\/) from the original on March 22, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2020.\n11. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-in-depth_study_11-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-in-depth_study_11-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-in-depth_study_11-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-in-depth_study_11-3)\n    Benjamin, Martin (March 30, 2019). [\"Source data for Teach You Backwards: An In-Depth Study of Google Translate for 108 Languages\"](https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1fJQLMj8O5z3Q7eKDxi1tNNrFipiEL0UDyaEF0fleZ54\/edit?pli=1#gid=0). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224075354\/https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1fJQLMj8O5z3Q7eKDxi1tNNrFipiEL0UDyaEF0fleZ54\/edit?pli=1#gid=0) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2019.\n12. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-4) [***f***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Sommerlad,_Joe_12-5)\n    Sommerlad, Joe (June 19, 2018). [\"Google Translate: How does the search giant's multilingual interpreter actually work?\"](https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/gadgets-and-tech\/news\/google-translate-how-work-foreign-languages-interpreter-app-search-engine-a8406131.html). *[The Independent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Independent \"The Independent\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201102162151\/https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/gadgets-and-tech\/news\/google-translate-how-work-foreign-languages-interpreter-app-search-engine-a8406131.html) from the original on November 2, 2020. Retrieved November 28, 2018.\n13. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Petrovan,_Bogdan_13-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Petrovan,_Bogdan_13-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Petrovan,_Bogdan_13-2)\n    Petrovan, Bogdan (January 14, 2015). [\"Google Translate just got smarter: Word Lens and instant voice translations in the latest update\"](https:\/\/www.androidauthority.com\/google-translate-word-lens-voice-translations-580312\/). *Android Authority*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210114053852\/https:\/\/www.androidauthority.com\/google-translate-word-lens-voice-translations-580312\/) from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2017.\n14. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-2) [***d***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-3) [***e***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-4) [***f***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-McGuire,_Nick_14-5)\n    McGuire, Nick; Argondizzo, Peter (July 26, 2018). [\"How accurate is Google Translate in 2018?\"](https:\/\/www.argotrans.com\/blog\/accurate-google-translate-2018\/). *ARGO Translation*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210125043932\/https:\/\/www.argotrans.com\/blog\/accurate-google-translate-2018\/) from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2018.\n15. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bridging_the_gap_15-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bridging_the_gap_15-1)\n    Wu, Yonghui; Schuster, Mike; Chen, Zhifeng; Le, Quoc V.; Norouzi, Mohammad; Macherey, Wolfgang; Krikun, Maxim; Cao, Yuan; Gao, Qin; Macherey, Klaus; Klingner, Jeff; Shah, Apurva; Johnson, Melvin; Liu, Xiaobing; Kaiser, Łukasz; Gouws, Stephan; Kato, Yoshikiyo; Kudo, Taku; Kazawa, Hideto; Stevens, Keith; Kurian, George; Patil, Nishant; Wang, Wei; Young, Cliff; Smith, Jason; Riesa, Jason; Rudnick, Alex; Vinyals, Oriol; Corrado, Greg; Hughes, Macduff; [Dean, Jeff](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jeff_Dean \"Jeff Dean\") (October 8, 2016). \"Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation\". [arXiv](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ArXiv_\\(identifier\\) \"ArXiv (identifier)\"):[1609\\.08144](https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1609.08144) \\[[cs.CL](https:\/\/arxiv.org\/archive\/cs.CL)\\].\n    \n    Retrieved May 14, 2017\n16. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Corcoran,_Kieran_16-0)**\n    Corcoran, Kieran (August 11, 2017). [\"A British court was forced to rely on Google Translate because it had no interpreter\"](https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/teesside-magistrates-court-forced-to-rely-on-google-translate-because-it-had-no-interpreter-2017-8). *[Business Insider](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Business_Insider \"Business Insider\")*. [Insider Inc.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Insider_Inc. \"Insider Inc.\"), [Axel Springer SE](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Axel_Springer_SE \"Axel Springer SE\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170811181816\/http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/teesside-magistrates-court-forced-to-rely-on-google-translate-because-it-had-no-interpreter-2017-8) from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.\n17. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Chidley-Hill,_John_17-0)**\n    Chidley-Hill, John (February 21, 2021). [\"Online petition asks for Cree language to be added to Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/article\/online-petition-asks-for-cree-language-to-be-added-to-google-translate\/). [CTV News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CTV_News \"CTV News\"), [Bell Media](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bell_Media \"Bell Media\") (owner). [The Canadian Press](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Canadian_Press \"The Canadian Press\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210223075853\/https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/online-petition-asks-for-cree-language-to-be-added-to-google-translate-1.5317866) from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.\n18. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Beattie,_Samantha_18-0)**\n    Beattie, Samantha (February 23, 2021). [\"Google Translate's Exclusion Of Indigenous Languages A 'Squandered' Opportunity\"](https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/archive\/ca\/entry\/google-translate-cree-indigenous-language_ca_6035242ac5b67c329620c3e3). *[HuffPost](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HuffPost \"HuffPost\") Canada*. [BuzzFeed](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BuzzFeed \"BuzzFeed\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211127104656\/https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/archive\/ca\/entry\/google-translate-cree-indigenous-language_ca_6035242ac5b67c329620c3e3) from the original on November 27, 2021. 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Retrieved October 24, 2024.\n92. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-92)**\n    [\"Language expansion\"](https:\/\/support.google.com\/translate\/thread\/302587325\/language-expansion?hl=en&sjid=17964835169000558176-NC). Google Inc. Retrieved October 28, 2024.\n93. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-och_2005_93-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-och_2005_93-1)\n    [Och, Franz Josef](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Josef_Och \"Franz Josef Och\") (September 12, 2005). [\"Statistical Machine Translation: Foundations and Recent Advances\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210225144518\/http:\/\/www.mt-archive.info\/MTS-2005-och.pdf) (PDF). *mt-archive.com*. [Phuket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phuket_province \"Phuket province\"), [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"): Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.mt-archive.info\/MTS-2005-Och.pdf) (PDF) on February 25, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2010.\n94. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-MT_Summit_X_94-0)**\n    [*MT Summit X: The Tenth Machine Translation Summit (proceedings)*](https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=oooQAAAACAAJ). [Phuket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phuket_province \"Phuket province\"), [Thailand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thailand \"Thailand\"): Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. September 12–16, 2005. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n    \n    [9789747431261](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9789747431261 \"Special:BookSources\/9789747431261\")\n    \n    . [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230326164802\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=oooQAAAACAAJ) from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2022.\n95. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och_95-0)**\n    [\"Franz Och, Ph.D., Expert in Machine Learning and Machine Translation, Joins Human Longevity, Inc. as Chief Data Scientist\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200807111406\/https:\/\/www.humanlongevity.com\/franz-och-ph-d-expert-in-machine-learning-and-machine-translation-joins-human-longevity-inc-as-chief-data-scientist\/) (Press release). [La Jolla](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Jolla \"La Jolla\"), [CA](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California \"California\"): Human Longevity, Inc. July 29, 2014. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.humanlongevity.com\/franz-och-ph-d-expert-in-machine-learning-and-machine-translation-joins-human-longevity-inc-as-chief-data-scientist\/) on August 7, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2015.\n96. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-96)** [French to Russian translation translates the untranslated non-French word \"obvious\" from pivot (intermediate) English to Russian](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=le%20mot%20%27obvious%27%20n%27est%20pas%20fran%C3%A7ais&op=translate) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211231034449\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=le%20mot%20%27obvious%27%20n%27est%20pas%20fran%C3%A7ais&op=translate) December 31, 2021, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") **le mot 'obvious' n'est pas français* → \"очевидными\" слово не французское*\n97. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-97)** [We pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French.](https:\/\/en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog\/wiki\/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220203145647\/https:\/\/en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog\/wiki\/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) February 3, 2022, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") *Google, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. The word \"*außergewöhnlich*\" however will be translated twice.*\n98. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Boitet,_Christian_98-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Boitet,_Christian_98-1)\n    Boitet, Christian; Blanchon, Hervé; Seligman, Mark; Bellynck, Valérie (January 31, 2011). [\"MT on and for the Web\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170329125916\/http:\/\/www-clips.imag.fr\/geta\/herve.blanchon\/Pdfs\/NLP-KE-10.pdf) (PDF). *clips-imag.fr*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www-clips.imag.fr\/geta\/herve.blanchon\/Pdfs\/NLP-KE-10.pdf) (PDF) on March 29, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2011.\n99. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bad-ru-uk_99-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-bad-ru-uk_99-1)\n    P.Y. (October 25, 2010). [\"Wrong translation to Ukrainian language\"](https:\/\/groups.google.com\/group\/google-translate-general\/msg\/bde8be4a58eb74c0). *[Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc*. Retrieved October 23, 2011.\n    \n    `{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service \"Category:CS1 maint: deprecated archival service\"))\n100. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-100)** [Google Translation mixes up \"tu\" and plural or polite \"vous\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=Je%20vous%20aime.%20Tu%20es%20ici.%20You%20are%20here.&op=translate) [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211231034448\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en&sl=fr&tl=ru&text=Je%20vous%20aime.%20Tu%20es%20ici.%20You%20are%20here.&op=translate) December 31, 2021, at the [Wayback Machine](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine \"Wayback Machine\") **Je vous aime. Tu es ici.* You are here. → Я люблю тебя. Вы здесь. Вы здесь.*\n101. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Adams,_Tim_101-0)**\n     Adams, Tim (December 19, 2010). [\"Can Google break the computer language barrier?\"](https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2010\/dec\/19\/google-translate-computers-languages). *[The Guardian](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Guardian \"The Guardian\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171213010848\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2010\/dec\/19\/google-translate-computers-languages) from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017.\n102. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Tanner,_Adam_102-0)**\n     Tanner, Adam (March 28, 2007). [\"Google seeks world of instant translations\"](https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-google-translate-idUSN1921881520070328). *[Reuters](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters \"Reuters\")*. 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[\"Google Switches to Its Own Translation System\"](https:\/\/googlesystem.blogspot.com\/2007\/10\/google-translate-switches-to-googles.html). *Unofficial [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170429040900\/https:\/\/googlesystem.blogspot.com\/2007\/10\/google-translate-switches-to-googles.html) from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2011.\n106. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Schwartz,_Barry_106-0)**\n     Schwartz, Barry (October 23, 2007). [\"Google Translate Drops Systran For Home Brewed Translation\"](https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/google-translate-drops-systran-for-home-brewed-translation-12502). *[Search Engine Land](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Danny_Sullivan_\\(technologist\\)#Search_Engine_Land \"Danny Sullivan (technologist)\")*. 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[\"Translate Community: Help us improve Google Translate!\"](https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2014\/07\/translate-community-help-us-improve.html). *Google Translate Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170322015842\/https:\/\/translate.googleblog.com\/2014\/07\/translate-community-help-us-improve.html) from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved May 26, 2017.\n109. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-1) [***c***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Contribute_help_109-2)\n     [\"Help Us Improve the Google Translate Tool\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/contribute\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. 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[\"Google sets up a community site to help improve Google Translate\"](https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/google-sets-community-site-help-improve-google-translate). *[TNW](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TNW_\\(website\\) \"TNW (website)\")*. [Financial Times](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_Times \"Financial Times\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210424145721\/https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/google-sets-community-site-help-improve-google-translate) from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2017.\n112. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Whitwan,_Ryan_113-0)**\n     Whitwam, Ryan (August 29, 2016). [\"New Google Crowdsource app asks you to help with translation and text transcription a few seconds at a time\"](https:\/\/www.androidpolice.com\/2016\/08\/29\/new-google-crowdsource-app-asks-help-translation-text-transcription-seconds-time\/). *Android Police*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161012081609\/http:\/\/www.androidpolice.com\/2016\/08\/29\/new-google-crowdsource-app-asks-help-translation-text-transcription-seconds-time\/) from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved October 11, 2016.\n113. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shankland,_Stephen,_new_Crowdsource_app_114-0)**\n     Shankland, Stephen (August 29, 2016). [\"New Crowdsource app lets you work for Google for free\"](https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/new-crowdsource-app-lets-you-work-for-google-for-free\/). *[CNET](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNET \"CNET\")*. [Red Ventures](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_Ventures \"Red Ventures\"); [CBS Interactive](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paramount_Streaming \"Paramount Streaming\") (at the time of publication). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201108103846\/http:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/new-crowdsource-app-lets-you-work-for-google-for-free\/) from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2017.\n114. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-myth_5,_GT_learns_115-0)**\n     Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Myth 5: Google Translate learns from its users - Qualitative Analysis of Google Translate across 108 Languages\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/qualitative-analysis\/#myth-5). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210130084443\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/qualitative-analysis\/#myth-5) from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2019.\n115. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Lange,_William_116-0)**\n     Lange, William (February 7, 2017). [\"Statistical Vs Neural Machine Translation\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181115010051\/http:\/\/daily.unitedlanguagegroup.com\/stories\/editorials\/statistical-vs-neural-machine-translation). United Language Group. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/daily.unitedlanguagegroup.com\/stories\/editorials\/statistical-vs-neural-machine-translation) on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 27, 2018.\n116. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-United_Language_Group_117-0)**\n     [\"Statistical Vs. Neural Machine Translation\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190328043726\/https:\/\/unitedlanguagegroup.com\/blog\/statistical-vs-neural-machine-translation\/). United Language Group. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/unitedlanguagegroup.com\/blog\/statistical-vs-neural-machine-translation\/) on March 28, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2022.\n117. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-neural_network_mt_118-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-neural_network_mt_118-1)\n     Le, Quoc V.; Schuster, Mike (September 27, 2016). [\"A Neural Network for Machine Translation, at Production Scale\"](https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2016\/09\/a-neural-network-for-machine.html). *[Google AI](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_AI \"Google AI\") Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180507195240\/https:\/\/ai.googleblog.com\/2016\/09\/a-neural-network-for-machine.html) from the original on May 7, 2018. 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[Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170426153834\/http:\/\/www.androidpolice.com\/2017\/04\/25\/google-adds-indonesian-eight-new-indian-languages-neural-machine-translation\/) from the original on April 26, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.\n126. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Caswell,_Isaac,_recent_advances_127-0)**\n     Caswell, Isaac; Liang, Bowen (June 8, 2020). [\"Recent Advances in Google Translate\"](https:\/\/research.google\/blog\/recent-advances-in-google-translate\/). *Google Research Blog*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. Retrieved May 8, 2024.\n127. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-conditions_128-0)**\n     Benjamin, Martin (March 30, 2019). [\"The 5 conditions for satisfactory approximations with Google Translate - Conclusions: Real Data, Fake Data & Google Translate\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/conclusions\/#conditions). *Teach You Backwards*. 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[\"Non-English Pairs - Empirical Evaluation of Google Translate across 107 Languages\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/empirical-evaluation\/#non-english). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191224074716\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/empirical-evaluation\/#non-english) from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 26, 2019.\n130. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Aiken,_Milam_131-0)**\n     Aiken, Milam; Balan, Shilpa (April 2011). [\"An Analysis of Google Translate Accuracy\"](https:\/\/translationjournal.net\/journal\/56google.htm). *Translation Journal*. **16** (2). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181120001925\/http:\/\/translationjournal.net\/journal\/56google.htm) from the original on November 20, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2018.\n131. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Li,_Haiying_132-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Li,_Haiying_132-1)\n     Li, Haiying; Graesser, Arthur; Cai, Zhiqiang (May 3, 2014). [\"Comparison of Google Translation with Human Translation\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181205193307\/https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/1187\/d4bc0c83804c15cd6cc1b43670d27f5fe9b6.pdf) (PDF). *Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference*. FLAIRS Conference. [S2CID](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_\\(identifier\\) \"S2CID (identifier)\") [14905135](https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:14905135). Archived from [the original](https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/1187\/d4bc0c83804c15cd6cc1b43670d27f5fe9b6.pdf) (PDF) on December 5, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2018 – via [Semantic Scholar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semantic_Scholar \"Semantic Scholar\").\n132. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-polysemy_Wiktionary_133-0)**\n     Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Polysemy in top 100 Oxford English Corpus words within Wiktionary\"](https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1bHK7BE2kMDh57Ttt0qfQwGrfACrCzG-91BgdLPoc-5o\/edit#gid=0). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191226113823\/https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1bHK7BE2kMDh57Ttt0qfQwGrfACrCzG-91BgdLPoc-5o\/edit#gid=0) from the original on December 26, 2019. Retrieved December 26, 2019.\n133. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-mathematics,_polysemy_134-0)**\n     Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Polysemy – words with multiple meanings - The Astounding Mathematics of Machine Translation\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/mt-mathematics\/#polysemy). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210116010212\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/mt-mathematics\/#polysemy) from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2019.\n134. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-party_terms_135-0)**\n     Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). [\"Party terms (or multiword expressions) – words that play together - The Astounding Mathematics of Machine Translation\"](https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/mt-mathematics\/#party-terms). *Teach You Backwards*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210116010212\/https:\/\/www.teachyoubackwards.com\/mt-mathematics\/#party-terms) from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2019.\n135. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-study_Google_Translate_136-0)**\n     Rahmannia, Mia; Triyono, Sulis (May 31, 2019). \"A Study of Google Translate Translations: An Error Analysis of Indonesian-to-English Texts\". [SSRN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SSRN_\\(identifier\\) \"SSRN (identifier)\") [3456744](https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3456744).\n     \n     International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT) 2(3):196-200, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2020\n136. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Freitas,_Connor_137-0)**\n     Freitas, Connor; Liu, Yudong (December 15, 2017). [\"Exploring the Differences between Human and Machine Translation\"](https:\/\/cedar.wwu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1060&context=wwu_honors). *[Western Washington University](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Washington_University \"Western Washington University\")*: 5. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200801044508\/https:\/\/cedar.wwu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1060&context=wwu_honors) from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2018.\n137. ^ [***a***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shen,_Ethan_138-0) [***b***](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Shen,_Ethan_138-1)\n     Shen, Ethan (June 2010). [\"Comparison of online machine translation tools\"](https:\/\/www.tcworld.info\/e-magazine\/translation-and-localization\/comparison-of-online-machine-translation-tools-34\/). *TCWorld*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110210034229\/http:\/\/www.tcworld.info\/index.php?id=175) from the original on February 10, 2011. Retrieved July 23, 2010.\n138. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_original_139-0)**\n     Pecoraro, Christopher (August 17, 2011). [\"Microsoft Bing Translator and Google Translate Compared\"](https:\/\/www.chrispecoraro.com\/microsoft-bing-translator-and-google-translate-compared\/index.html). *chrispecoraro.com*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190221001943\/http:\/\/chrispecoraro.com\/microsoft-bing-translator-and-google-translate-compared\/index.html) from the original on February 21, 2019. Retrieved April 8, 2012.\n139. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_update_140-0)**\n     Pecoraro, Christopher (January 30, 2012). [\"Microsoft Bing Translator and Google Translate compared (update)\"](https:\/\/www.chrispecoraro.com\/microsoft-bing-translator-and-google-translate-compared-2\/index.html). *chrispecoraro.com*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190222131938\/http:\/\/chrispecoraro.com\/microsoft-bing-translator-and-google-translate-compared-2\/index.html) from the original on February 22, 2019. Retrieved April 8, 2012.\n140. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-open-source_licenses_and_components_141-0)**\n     [\"Open source components and licenses\"](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/license\/). *Google Translate*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220120075835\/https:\/\/translate.google.com\/intl\/en\/about\/license\/) from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved February 4, 2022.\n141. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Nielsen,_Michael_142-0)**\n     [Nielsen, Michael A.](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Michael_Nielsen \"Michael Nielsen\") (October 3, 2011). [*Reinventing discovery: the new era of networked science*](https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=afqfFW8WV9cC). [Princeton](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Princeton,_New_Jersey \"Princeton, New Jersey\"), [NJ](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Jersey \"New Jersey\"): [Princeton University Press](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Princeton_University_Press \"Princeton University Press\"). p. 125. [ISBN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_\\(identifier\\) \"ISBN (identifier)\")\n     \n     [978-0-691-14890-8](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-691-14890-8 \"Special:BookSources\/978-0-691-14890-8\")\n     \n     . [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230326164801\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=afqfFW8WV9cC) from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2012.\n142. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Gomes,_Lee_143-0)**\n     Gomes, Lee (July 22, 2010). [\"Google Translate Tangles With Computer Learning\"](https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/forbes\/2010\/0809\/technology-computer-learning-google-translate.html). *[Forbes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbes \"Forbes\")*. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201129075202\/https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/forbes\/2010\/0809\/technology-computer-learning-google-translate.html) from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n143. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Weinberg,_Nathan_144-0)**\n     Weinberg, Nathan (September 10, 2007). [\"Google Translates Ivan the Terrible as \"Abraham Lincoln\"\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070912175216\/http:\/\/google.blognewschannel.com\/archives\/2007\/09\/10\/google-translates-ivan-the-terrible-as-abraham-lincoln\/). *Blog News Channel*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/google.blognewschannel.com\/archives\/2007\/09\/10\/google-translates-ivan-the-terrible-as-abraham-lincoln\/) on September 12, 2007. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n144. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody_145-0)**\n     [Twisted Translations](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malinda_Kathleen_Reese#Twisted_Translations \"Malinda Kathleen Reese\") (February 10, 2015). [\"Google Translate Sings: \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" by Queen\"](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwOH3YsraNs). *[YouTube](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube \"YouTube\")*. [Google](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google \"Google\") Inc. [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160414040612\/https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwOH3YsraNs) from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved April 26, 2016.\n145. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona_146-0)**\n     Topolyanskaya, Alyona (January 28, 2010). [\"Google Lost in Translation\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100813111824\/http:\/\/www.mn.ru\/news\/20100128\/55406807.html). *[The Moscow News](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Moscow_News \"The Moscow News\")*. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.mn.ru\/news\/20100128\/55406807.html) on August 13, 2010. Retrieved July 22, 2010.\n146. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Kincaid,_Jason_147-0)**\n     Kincaid, Jason (August 7, 2009). [\"Translation Party: Tapping Into Google Translate's Untold Creative Genius\"](https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2009\/08\/07\/translation-party-tapping-into-google-translates-untold-creative-genius\/). *[TechCrunch](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TechCrunch \"TechCrunch\")*. [AOL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AOL \"AOL\"). [Archived](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210122145835\/https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2009\/08\/07\/translation-party-tapping-into-google-translates-untold-creative-genius\/) from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2017.\n147. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-148)**\n     [\"Google Translate\"](https:\/\/translate.google.co.in\/?sl=ja&tl=en&text=%E7%B5%B5%E3%81%ABf%E3%81%86&op=translate). *translate.google.co.in*. Retrieved May 5, 2025.\n148. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Translate#cite_ref-149)**\n     Elle Stone (December 18, 2024). [*Weird Google Translation - Replying to Sarah McDonald \\| Weird Wednesday*](https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S7ItUqd0qWMhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S7ItUqd0qWM). Retrieved May 5, 2025 – via YouTube.\n\nExternal links\n\n- [Official website](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/?hl=en)\n- [Contribute](https:\/\/translate.google.com\/contribute?hl=en)","meta_canonical":null}

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Property	Value
URL	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate
Last Crawled	2026-04-05 21:56:24 (7 days ago)
First Indexed	2013-08-08 18:19:55 (12 years ago)
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Google Translate - Wikipedia
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Boilerpipe Text	Google Translate Google Translate website homepage Type of site Neural machine translation Available in 249 languages; see below Owner Google URL translate .google .com Commercial Yes Registration Optional Users Over 500 million people daily Launched April 28, 2006 ; 19 years ago (as statistical machine translation ) [ 1 ] November 15, 2016 ; 9 years ago (as neural machine translation ) [ 2 ] Current status Active Google Translate is a multilingual neural machine translation service developed by Google to translate text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a website interface , a mobile app for Android and iOS , and an API that helps developers build browser extensions and software applications . [ 3 ] As of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It served over 200 million people daily in May 2013, [ 6 ] and over 500 million total users as of April 2016 , [ 7 ] with more than 100 billion words translated daily. Launched in April 2006 as a statistical machine translation service, it originally used United Nations and European Parliament documents and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid, [ 8 ] with a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish. [ 9 ] During a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a deep learning model to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized [ by whom? ] on several occasions, [ 10 ] has been measured to vary greatly across languages. [ 11 ] In November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a neural machine translation engine – Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) – which translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar". [ 2 ] History Google Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006. [ 12 ] It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages. Originally, Google Translate was released as a statistical machine translation (SMT) service. [ 12 ] The input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language. [ 12 ] Since SMT uses predictive algorithms to translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language. [ 12 ] In January 2010, Google introduced an Android app and iOS version in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter. [ 12 ] As of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages. [ 12 ] In May 2014, Google acquired Word Lens to improve the quality of visual and voice translation. [ 13 ] It is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system automatically identifies foreign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever speech translation is needed. [ 13 ] In November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called neural machine translation . [ 14 ] It uses deep learning techniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese. [ 15 ] No measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day. [ 14 ] In 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at Teesside Magistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant. [ 16 ] A petition for Google to add Cree to Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] At the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in mainland China , which Google said was due to "low usage". [ 19 ] [ 20 ] In 2024, a record of 110 languages including Cantonese , Tok Pisin and some regional languages in Russia including Bashkir , Chechen , Ossetian and Crimean Tatar were added. The languages were added through the help of the PaLM 2 Generative AI model. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] Functions Google Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Specifically, its functions include: Written Words Translation: a function that translates written words or text to a foreign language. [ 25 ] Website Translation: a function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages. [ 26 ] Document Translation: a function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx. [ 26 ] Speech Translation: a function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language. [ 27 ] Mobile App Translation: in 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called "Tap to Translate", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it. [ 28 ] Image Translation: a function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images. [ 29 ] Handwritten Translation: a function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard. [ 30 ] Bilingual Conversation Translation: a function that translates conversations in multiple languages. [ 31 ] Transcription: a function that transcribes speech in different languages. [ 32 ] For most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Features English Wikipedia 's homepage translated into Portuguese Web interface Google Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] For some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text, [ 25 ] and in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary [ 33 ] and has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize. [ 34 ] If "Detect language" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a URL in the source text, Google Translate will produce a hyperlink to a machine translation of the website. [ 26 ] Users can save translation proposals in a "phrasebook" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] For some languages, text can be entered via an on-screen keyboard , whether through handwriting recognition or speech recognition . [ 30 ] [ 27 ] It is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language. Texts written in the Arabic , Cyrillic , Devanagari and Greek scripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the Latin alphabet . The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version. Accent of English that the "text-to-speech" audio of Google Translate of each country uses: British (Received Pronunciation) (female) General American (female) General Australian (female) Indian (female) No Google translate service Many of the more popular languages have a "text-to-speech" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of pluricentric languages , the accent depends on the region: for English, in the Americas , most of the Asia–Pacific and West Asia , the audio uses a female General American accent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female British ( Received Pronunciation ) accent is used, except for a special General Australian accent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an Indian English accent used in India; for Spanish, in the Americas , a Latin American accent is used, while in other parts of the world, a Castilian accent is used; for French , a Quebec accent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a standard European accent is used; for Bengali , a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source eSpeak synthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand. Browser integration Google Translate is available in some web browsers as an optional downloadable extension that can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] [ 39 ] In February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the Google Chrome browser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] [ 42 ] Mobile app Google Translate Screenshot A screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate Developer Google Initial release January 1, 2010 ; 16 years ago (for Android) February 8, 2011 ; 15 years ago (for iOS) Stable release(s) [±] Android 10.1.35 (Build 855527520) / 13 January 2026 ; 2 months ago [ 43 ] [ 44 ] iOS 10.2.280 / 20 January 2026 ; 2 months ago [ 45 ] Google Chrome, discontinued 2.0.16 / 5 September 2024 ; 18 months ago [ 46 ] Platform Android 6.0 and later iOS 12 .4 and later Size 37.44 MB (Android) 177.4 MB (iOS) Available in 249 languages; see below Type Neural machine translation Website translate .google .com /m?hl=en The Google Translate app for Android and iOS supports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in "conversation mode", and 27 via live video imagery in "augmented reality mode". [ 47 ] [ 48 ] The Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011, [ 49 ] after an HTML5 web application was released for iOS users in August 2008. [ 50 ] The Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with iPod Touches , iPads and iPhones updated to iOS 7.0+. [ 51 ] A January 2011 Android version experimented with a "Conversation Mode" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language. [ 52 ] Originally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October. [ 53 ] [ 54 ] [ 55 ] The 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using optical character recognition (OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages. In January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the Word Lens app. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] [ 13 ] The original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes convolutional neural networks , and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations ( augmented reality ). [ 47 ] [ 48 ] [ 58 ] [ 59 ] [ 60 ] The feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived. [ 61 ] On May 11, 2016, Google introduced Tap to Translate for Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations. [ 62 ] API On May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate API for software developers had been deprecated and would cease functioning. [ 63 ] [ 64 ] [ 65 ] The Translate API page stated the reason as "substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse" with an end date set for December 1, 2011. [ 66 ] In response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service. [ 63 ] [ 64 ] [ 67 ] Because the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products. [ 68 ] [ 69 ] Google Assistant Google Translate also provides translations for Google Assistant and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as Google Nest and Pixel Buds . Supported languages As of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate. [ 4 ] Abkhaz Acehnese Acholi Afar Afrikaans Albanian Alur Amharic Arabic Armenian Assamese Avar Awadhi Aymara Azerbaijani Balinese Baluchi Bambara Baoulé Bashkir Basque Batak Karo Batak Simalungun Batak Toba Belarusian Bemba Bengali Betawi Bhojpuri Bikol Bosnian Breton Bulgarian Buryat Cantonese Catalan Cebuano Chamorro Chechen Chichewa Chinese ( Simplified ) Chinese ( Traditional ) Chuukese Chuvash Corsican Crimean Tatar ( Cyrillic ) Crimean Tatar ( Latin ) Croatian Czech Danish Dari Dhivehi Dinka Dogri Dombe Dutch Dyula Dzongkha English Esperanto Estonian Ewe Faroese Fijian Filipino Finnish Fon French French ( Canada ) Frisian Friulian Fulani Ga Galician Georgian German Greek Guarani Gujarati Haitian Creole Hakha Chin Hausa Hawaiian Hebrew Hiligaynon Hindi Hmong Hungarian Hunsrik Iban Icelandic Igbo Ilocano Indonesian Inuktut (Latin) Inuktut ( Syllabics ) Irish Italian Jamaican Patois Japanese Javanese Jingpo Kalaallisut Kannada Kanuri Kapampangan Kazakh Khasi Khmer Kiga Kikongo Kinyarwanda Kituba Kokborok Komi Konkani Korean Krio Kurdish ( Kurmanji ) Kurdish ( Sorani ) Kyrgyz Lao Latgalian Latin Latvian Ligurian Limburgish Lingala Lithuanian Lombard Luganda Luo Luxembourgish Macedonian Madurese Maithili Makassar Malagasy Malay Malay ( Jawi ) Malayalam Maltese Mam Manx Maori Marathi Marshallese Marwadi Mauritian Creole Meadow Mari Meiteilon (Manipuri) Minang Mizo Mongolian Myanmar (Burmese) Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca) Ndau Ndebele (South) Nepalbhasa (Newari) Nepali NKo Norwegian ( Bokmål ) Nuer Occitan Odia (Oriya) Oromo Ossetian Pangasinan Papiamento Pashto Persian Polish Portuguese ( Brazil ) Portuguese ( Portugal ) Punjabi ( Gurmukhi ) Punjabi ( Shahmukhi ) Quechua Qʼeqchiʼ Romani Romanian Rundi Russian Sami (North) Samoan Sango Sanskrit Santali (Latin) Santali ( Ol Chiki ) Scots Gaelic Sepedi Serbian Sesotho Seychellois Creole Shan Shona Sicilian Silesian Sindhi Sinhala Slovak Slovenian Somali Spanish Sundanese Susu Swahili Swati Swedish Tahitian Tajik Tamazight Tamazight ( Tifinagh ) Tamil Tatar Telugu Tetum Thai Tibetan Tigrinya Tiv Tok Pisin Tongan Tshiluba Tsonga Tswana Tulu Tumbuka Turkish Turkmen Tuvan Twi Udmurt Ukrainian Urdu Uyghur Uzbek Venda Venetian Vietnamese Waray Welsh Wolof Xhosa Yakut Yiddish Yoruba Yucatec Maya Zapotec Zulu Stages Translation methodology In April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine. [ 1 ] Google Translate does not apply grammatical rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, Franz Josef Och , has criticized the effectiveness of rule-based algorithms in favor of statistical approaches. [ 93 ] [ 94 ] Original versions of Google Translate were based on a method called statistical machine translation , and more specifically, on research by Och who won the DARPA contest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014. [ 95 ] Google Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2). [ 96 ] [ 97 ] [ 98 ] [ 8 ] [ 99 ] However, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating vous from French to Russian gives vous → you → ты OR Bы/вы . [ 100 ] If Google were using an unambiguous, artificial language as the intermediary, it would be vous → you → Bы/вы OR tu → thou → ты . Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as "you all" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language. The following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English: [ citation needed ] Belarusian ( be ↔ ru ↔ en ↔ other); Catalan ( ca ↔ es ↔ en ↔ other); Galician ( gl ↔ pt ↔ en ↔ other); Haitian Creole ( ht ↔ fr ↔ en ↔ other); Korean ( ko ↔ ja ↔ en ↔ other); Slovak ( sk ↔ cs ↔ en ↔ other); Ukrainian ( uk ↔ ru ↔ en ↔ other); [ 99 ] Urdu ( ur ↔ hi ↔ en ↔ other). According to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual text corpus (or parallel collection ) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words. [ 93 ] Statistical models from these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used United Nations and European Parliament documents and transcripts. [ 101 ] [ 102 ] The UN typically publishes documents in all six official UN languages , which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers. [ 103 ] When Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for patterns in hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes informed guesses (AI) as to what an appropriate translation should be. [ 104 ] Before October 2007, for languages other than Arabic , Chinese and Russian , Google Translate was based on SYSTRAN , a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as Babel Fish (now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on statistical machine translation instead, [ 105 ] [ 106 ] before transitioning to neural machine translation. Google used to have crowdsourcing features for volunteers to be a part of its "Translate Community", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy. [ 107 ] [ 108 ] [ 109 ] [ 110 ] [ 111 ] Volunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases. In August 2016, a Google Crowdsource app was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered. [ 113 ] [ 114 ] There were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version. [ 109 ] Second, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip. [ 109 ] Third, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the "suggest an edit" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years. [ 115 ] Despite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024. Statistical machine translation Although Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another. [ 116 ] [ 117 ] Neural machine translation In September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the Google Neural Machine Translation system (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate [ 2 ] [ 118 ] and in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT. Google Translate's neural machine translation system used a large end-to-end artificial neural network that attempts to perform deep learning , [ 2 ] [ 119 ] [ 120 ] in particular, long short-term memory networks. [ 121 ] [ 122 ] [ 15 ] [ 123 ] GNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an example-based machine translation (EBMT) method in which the system "learns from millions of examples." [ 119 ] According to Google researchers, it translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar". [ 2 ] GNMT's "proposed architecture" of "system learning" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate. [ 119 ] With the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that "the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations." [ 2 ] The GNMT network attempts interlingual machine translation , which encodes the "semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations", [ 119 ] [ 98 ] and the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses "the commonality found in between many languages". [ 124 ] GNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish. [ 2 ] [ 118 ] In March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese, [ 125 ] followed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April. [ 126 ] Since 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on transformers . [ 127 ] Accuracy Google Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages. [ 128 ] [ 14 ] Accuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances. [ 129 ] Human evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater. [ 11 ] A few studies have evaluated Chinese, [ citation needed ] French, [ citation needed ] German, [ citation needed ] and Spanish [ citation needed ] to English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements [ 11 ] indicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English. [ 130 ] Research conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the UCLA minimum score for the English Proficiency Exam. [ 131 ] Due to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion. [ 132 ] Moreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation. [ 132 ] Furthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average. [ 14 ] When used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between polysemic words . Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has more than 15 senses , [ 133 ] which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality corpus occurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm. [ 34 ] Limitations Google Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with polysemy (the multiple meanings a word may have) [ 134 ] [ 14 ] and multiword expressions (terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them). [ 135 ] A word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate. [ 136 ] Google Translate struggles to differentiate between imperfect and perfect aspects in Romance languages. The subjunctive mood is often erroneous. [ citation needed ] Moreover, the formal second person ( vous ) is often chosen, whatever the context. [ citation needed ] Since its English reference material contains only "you" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with "you all" or formal "you" variations. Due to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages. [ 14 ] Some languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents. [ 11 ] [ 137 ] No languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the Europarl Corpus , a trove of documents from the European Parliament that have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate, [ 138 ] and 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well. [ 139 ] [ 140 ] However, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits. [ 138 ] The service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once. [ 25 ] Therefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function. [ 25 ] Open-source licenses and components Language WordNet License Albanian Albanet CC BY 3.0 / GPL 3 Arabic Arabic WordNet CC BY-SA 3.0 Catalan Multilingual Central Repository CC BY 3.0 Chinese Chinese Wordnet Wordnet Danish DanNet Wordnet English Princeton WordNet Wordnet Finnish FinnWordNet Wordnet French WOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français) CeCILL -C Galician Multilingual Central Repository CC BY 3.0 Haitian Creole MIT-Haiti Initiative CC BY 4.0 Hebrew Hebrew Wordnet Wordnet Indonesian Wordnet Bahasa MIT Italian MultiWordNet CC BY 3.0 Japanese Japanese Wordnet Wordnet Malay Wordnet Bahasa MIT Norwegian Norwegian Wordnet Wordnet Persian Persian Wordnet Free-to-use Polish plWordNet Wordnet Portuguese OpenWN-PT CC BY-SA 3.0 Spanish Multilingual Central Repository CC BY 3.0 Thai Thai Wordnet Wordnet Irish language data from Foras na Gaeilge 's New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin. Certain content is copyrighted by Oxford University Press , United States. Some phrase translations come from Wikitravel . [ 141 ] Reviews Shortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation. [ 142 ] Translation mistakes and oddities Since Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors, [ 143 ] often swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language, [ 144 ] as well as inverting sentence meaning. [ 145 ] Novelty websites like Bad Translator and Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages, [ 146 ] similar to the children's game telephone . 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Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2021 . Retrieved December 19, 2010 . ^ MT Summit X: The Tenth Machine Translation Summit (proceedings) . Phuket , Thailand : Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation. September 12–16, 2005. ISBN 9789747431261 . Archived from the original on March 26, 2023 . Retrieved February 4, 2022 . ^ "Franz Och, Ph.D., Expert in Machine Learning and Machine Translation, Joins Human Longevity, Inc. as Chief Data Scientist" (Press release). La Jolla , CA : Human Longevity, Inc. July 29, 2014. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020 . Retrieved January 15, 2015 . ^ French to Russian translation translates the untranslated non-French word "obvious" from pivot (intermediate) English to Russian Archived December 31, 2021, at the Wayback Machine le mot 'obvious' n'est pas français → "очевидными" слово не французское ^ We pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French. Archived February 3, 2022, at the Wayback Machine Google, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. The word " außergewöhnlich " however will be translated twice. ^ a b Boitet, Christian; Blanchon, Hervé; Seligman, Mark; Bellynck, Valérie (January 31, 2011). "MT on and for the Web" (PDF) . clips-imag.fr . Archived from the original (PDF) on March 29, 2017 . Retrieved October 23, 2011 . ^ a b P.Y. (October 25, 2010). "Wrong translation to Ukrainian language" . Google Inc . Retrieved October 23, 2011 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ( link ) ^ Google Translation mixes up " tu " and plural or polite " vous " Archived December 31, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Je vous aime. Tu es ici. 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"An Analysis of Google Translate Accuracy" . Translation Journal . 16 (2). Archived from the original on November 20, 2018 . Retrieved November 29, 2018 . ^ a b Li, Haiying; Graesser, Arthur; Cai, Zhiqiang (May 3, 2014). "Comparison of Google Translation with Human Translation" (PDF) . Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference . FLAIRS Conference. S2CID 14905135 . Archived from the original (PDF) on December 5, 2018 . Retrieved November 29, 2018 – via Semantic Scholar . ^ Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). "Polysemy in top 100 Oxford English Corpus words within Wiktionary" . Teach You Backwards . Archived from the original on December 26, 2019 . Retrieved December 26, 2019 . ^ Benjamin, Martin (April 1, 2019). "Polysemy – words with multiple meanings - The Astounding Mathematics of Machine Translation" . Teach You Backwards . Archived from the original on January 16, 2021 . 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Retrieved May 5, 2025 – via YouTube. External links Official website Contribute
Markdown	[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Google+Translate "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Google+Translate "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]") Personal tools - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Google+Translate "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Google+Translate "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate) - [1 History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#History) - [2 Functions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Functions) - [3 Features](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Features) Toggle Features subsection - [3\.1 Web interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Web_interface) - [3\.1.1 Browser integration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Browser_integration) - [3\.2 Mobile app](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Mobile_app) - [3\.3 API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#API) - [3\.4 Google Assistant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Google_Assistant) - [4 Supported languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) Toggle Supported languages subsection - [4\.1 Stages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Stages) - [5 Translation methodology](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Translation_methodology) Toggle Translation methodology subsection - [5\.1 Google Translate Community](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Google_Translate_Community) - [5\.2 Statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Statistical_machine_translation) - [5\.3 Neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Neural_machine_translation) - [6 Accuracy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Accuracy) - [7 Limitations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Limitations) - [8 Open-source licenses and components](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Open-source_licenses_and_components) - [9 Reviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Reviews) Toggle Reviews subsection - [9\.1 Translation mistakes and oddities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Translation_mistakes_and_oddities) - [10 See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#See_also) - [11 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#References) - [12 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Google Translate 120 languages - [Afrikaans](https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Afrikaans") - [Ænglisc](https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Old English") - [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84 "ترجمة جوجل – Arabic") - [مصرى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84 "ترجمة جوجل – Egyptian Arabic") - [অসমীয়া](https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF "গুগল ভাঙনি – Assamese") - [Asturianu](https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Asturian") - [Aymar aru](https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Aymara") - [Azərbaycanca](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Azerbaijani") - [Basa Bali](https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Balinese") - [Bikol Central](https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Central Bikol") - [Беларуская (тарашкевіца)](https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)") - [Беларуская](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Belarusian") - [Betawi](https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugel_Tarjiman "Gugel Tarjiman – Betawi") - [Български](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87 "Гугъл преводач – Bulgarian") - [বাংলা](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6 "গুগল অনুবাদ – Bangla") - [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traductor_de_Google "Traductor de Google – Catalan") - [Cebuano](https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Cebuano") - [کوردی](https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8E%DA%95%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF%DA%B5 "وەرگێڕی گووگڵ – Central Kurdish") - [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99eklada%C4%8D_Google "Překladač Google – Czech") - [Cymraeg](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Welsh") - [Dansk](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Danish") - [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%C3%9Cbersetzer "Google Übersetzer – German") - [Zazaki](https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Dimli") - [ދިވެހިބަސް](https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AB%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%B0_%DE%93%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%AD%DE%93%DE%B0 "ގޫގުލް ޓްރާންސްލޭޓް – Divehi") - [Ελληνικά](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7_Google "Μετάφραση Google – Greek") - [Esperanto](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google-Tradukilo "Google-Tradukilo – Esperanto") - [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traductor_de_Google "Traductor de Google – Spanish") - [Eesti](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Estonian") - [Euskara](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Basque") - [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84 "مترجم گوگل – Persian") - [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_K%C3%A4%C3%A4nt%C3%A4j%C3%A4 "Google Kääntäjä – Finnish") - [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Traduction "Google Traduction – French") - [Furlan](https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tradut%C3%B4r "Google Tradutôr – Friulian") - [Gaeilge](https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Irish") - [Galego](https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Galician") - [Avañe'ẽ](https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Guarani") - [ગુજરાતી](https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B2_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6 "ગૂગલ અનુવાદ – Gujarati") - [עברית](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9D "גוגל תרגום – Hebrew") - [हिन्दी](https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6 "गूगल अनुवाद – Hindi") - [Hrvatski](https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_prevoditelj "Google prevoditelj – Croatian") - [Kreyòl ayisyen](https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_tradikt%C3%A8 "Google tradiktè – Haitian Creole") - [Magyar](https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ford%C3%ADt%C3%B3 "Google Fordító – Hungarian") - [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A3%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B9 "Գուգլ Թարգմանիչ – Armenian") - [Արեւմտահայերէն](https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%A8%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B9 "Կուկըլ Թարգմանիչ – Western Armenian") - [Jaku Iban](https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Iban") - [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Terjemahan "Google Terjemahan – Indonesian") - [Ilokano](https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Iloko") - [Íslenska](https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Icelandic") - [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Traduttore "Google Traduttore – Italian") - [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%E7%BF%BB%E8%A8%B3 "Google 翻訳 – Japanese") - [ქართული](https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Georgian") - [Qaraqalpaqsha](https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Awdarmash%C4%B1 "Google Awdarmashı – Kara-Kalpak") - [Қазақша](https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B "Google Аудармашы – Kazakh") - [ಕನ್ನಡ](https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0 "ಗೂಗಲ್ ಭಾಷಾಂತರ – Kannada") - [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%80_%EB%B2%88%EC%97%AD "구글 번역 – Korean") - [کٲشُر](https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%97%DA%AF%D9%8F%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%95 "گوٗگُل ترجمہٕ – Kashmiri") - [Kurdî](https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Werger "Google Werger – Kurdish") - [Кыргызча](https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83 "Google Котормочу – Kyrgyz") - [Лезги](https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8 "Google таржумачи – Lezghian") - [Ligure](https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tradutt%C3%B4 "Google Traduttô – Ligurian") - [ລາວ](https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A5_%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2 "ກູເກິລ ແປພາສາ – Lao") - [Lietuvių](https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Vert%C4%97jas "Google Vertėjas – Lithuanian") - [Latviešu](https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_tulkot%C4%81js "Google tulkotājs – Latvian") - [Māori](https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whakam%C4%81ori_Google "Whakamāori Google – Māori") - [Македонски](https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87 "Гугл преведувач – Macedonian") - [മലയാളം](https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BE_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D "ഗൂഗിൾ ട്രാൻസ്‌ലേറ്റ് – Malayalam") - [ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ](https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%9C_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%84 "ꯒꯨꯒꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ – Manipuri") - [Bahasa Melayu](https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Terjemah "Google Terjemah – Malay") - [မြန်မာဘာသာ](https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%B0%E1%80%82%E1%80%B2%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA "ဂူဂဲဘာသာပြန် – Burmese") - [नेपाली](https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6 "गुगल अनुवाद – Nepali") - [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Dutch") - [Norsk bokmål](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Oversetter "Google Oversetter – Norwegian Bokmål") - [ߒߞߏ](https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9C%DF%AD%DF%8E%DF%9C%DF%8E%DF%AD%DF%9F_%DF%98%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%A1%DF%8C%DF%98%DF%8A%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%B2 "ߜ߭ߎߜߎ߭ߟ ߘߟߊߡߌߘߊߟߊ߲ – N’Ko") - [ਪੰਜਾਬੀ](https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F "ਗੂਗਲ ਟਰਾਂਸਲੇਟ – Punjabi") - [Papiamentu](https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Papiamento") - [Polski](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%82umacz_Google "Tłumacz Google – Polish") - [پنجابی](https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81 "گوگل ترجمہ – Western Punjabi") - [پښتو](https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AB%D9%88%DA%AB%D9%84_%DA%98%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%93%D9%86 "ګوګل ژباړن – Pashto") - [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tradutor "Google Tradutor – Portuguese") - [Runa Simi](https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tikray "Google Tikray – Quechua") - [Romani čhib](https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Amboldipen "Google Amboldipen – Vlax Romani") - [Română](https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Traducere "Google Traducere – Romanian") - [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA "Google Переводчик – Russian") - [ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ](https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F "ᱜᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ – Santali") - [Scots](https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Scots") - [سنڌي](https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88 "گوگل ترجمو – Sindhi") - [Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски](https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Serbo-Croatian") - [Taclḥit](https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_assu%C9%A3l "Google assuɣl – Tachelhit") - [සිංහල](https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA "ගූගල් පරිවර්තකය – Sinhala") - [Simple English](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Simple English") - [Slovenščina](https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Prevajalnik "Google Prevajalnik – Slovenian") - [Soomaaliga](https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Somali") - [Shqip](https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_translate "Google translate – Albanian") - [Српски / srpski](https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86 "Google преводилац – Serbian") - [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%C3%B6vers%C3%A4tt "Google översätt – Swedish") - [Kiswahili](https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tafsiri_\(Google_Translate\) "Google Tafsiri (Google Translate) – Swahili") - [ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ](https://syl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A0%89%EA%A0%A5%EA%A0%89%EA%A0%9F_%EA%A0%90%EA%A0%86%EA%A0%9E%EA%A0%A3%EA%A0%98%EA%A0%86%EA%A0%8D%EA%A0%9F%EA%A0%A3%EA%A0%94%EA%A0%A6 "ꠉꠥꠉꠟ ꠐ꠆ꠞꠣꠘ꠆ꠍꠟꠣꠔꠦ – Sylheti") - [தமிழ்](https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81 "கூகுள் மொழிபெயர்ப்பு – Tamil") - [తెలుగు](https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%82 "గూగుల్ అనువాదం – Telugu") - [ไทย](https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2 "กูเกิล แปลภาษา – Thai") - [ትግርኛ](https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8C%93%E1%88%9A_%E1%8C%89%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%8D "ተርጓሚ ጉግል – Tigrinya") - [Türkmençe](https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Terjime "Google Terjime – Turkmen") - [Tagalog](https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Tagalog") - [Toki pona](https://tok.wikipedia.org/wiki/ilo_ante_toki_pi_ilo_Kuko "ilo ante toki pi ilo Kuko – Toki Pona") - [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%C3%87eviri "Google Çeviri – Turkish") - [Татарча / tatarça](https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%D0%A2%D3%99%D1%80%D2%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%87%D0%B5 "Google Тәрҗемәче – Tatar") - [ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche](https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%87%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%89%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_\(%DA%AF%DB%87%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%86\) "گۇگول تەرجىمانى (گۇگول تىلماچ) – Uyghur") - [Українська](https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87_Google "Перекладач Google – Ukrainian") - [اردو](https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81 "گوگل ترجمہ – Urdu") - [Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча](https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tarjimon "Google Tarjimon – Uzbek") - [Vèneto](https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Venetian") - [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_D%E1%BB%8Bch "Google Dịch – Vietnamese") - [吴语](https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91 "Google翻译 – Wu") - [მარგალური](https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98 "Google მათანგალი – Mingrelian") - [Yorùbá](https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Yoruba") - [Vahcuengh](https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Hoiz "Google Hoiz – Zhuang") - [ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ](https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%8D_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D "ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵏ ⴳⵓⴳⵍ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight") - [粵語](https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF "Google翻譯 – Cantonese") - [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91 "Google翻译 – Chinese") - [IsiZulu](https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "Google Translate – Zulu") [Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q135622#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links") - [Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate "View the content page [c]") - [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Google_Translate "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]") English - [Read](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate) - [View source](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=edit "This page is protected. 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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Multilingual neural machine translation service \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Google_Translate_logo.svg/120px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) \| \| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Google_Translate_screenshot.png/330px-Google_Translate_screenshot.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_screenshot.png)Google Translate website homepage \| \| \| Type of site \| [Neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") \| \| Available in \| 249 languages; see [below](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) \| \| Owner \| [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") \| \| URL \| [translate.google.com](https://translate.google.com/) \| \| Commercial \| Yes \| \| Registration \| Optional \| \| [Users](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registered_user "Registered user") \| Over 500 million people daily \| \| Launched \| April 28, 2006; 19 years ago (2006-04-28) (as [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation"))[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) November 15, 2016; 9 years ago (2016-11-15) (as [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation"))[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) \| \| Current status \| Active \| Google Translate is a [multilingual](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilingualism "Multilingualism") [neural](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") [machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation "Machine translation") service developed by [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") to [translate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation "Translation") text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a [website interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application "Web application"), a [mobile app](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app "Mobile app") for [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS"), and an [API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API "API") that helps developers build [browser extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_extension "Browser extension") and [software applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software "Application software").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-translations_made_simple-3) As of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages-5) It served over 200 million people daily in May 2013,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people-6) and over 500 million total users as of April 2016[\[update\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Google_Translate&action=edit),[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate-7) with more than 100 billion words translated daily. Launched in April 2006 as a [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") service, it originally used [United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations "United Nations") and [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") documents and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid,[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8) with a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations-9) During a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning") model to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized\[[by whom?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch")\] on several occasions,[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hofstadter,_Douglas-10) has been measured to vary greatly across languages.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) In November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") engine – [Google Neural Machine Translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation "Google Neural Machine Translation") (GNMT) – which translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar".[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) ## History Google Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages. Originally, Google Translate was released as a [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") (SMT) service.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) The input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) Since SMT uses predictive [algorithms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm "Algorithm") to translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) In January 2010, Google introduced an [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") app and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS") version in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) As of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) In May 2014, Google acquired [Word Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Lens "Word Lens") to improve the quality of visual and voice translation.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) It is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system [automatically identifies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_identification "Language identification") foreign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever [speech translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_translation "Speech translation") is needed.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) In November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation").[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) It uses [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning") techniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15) No measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) In 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at [Teesside](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teesside "Teesside") Magistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Corcoran,_Kieran-16) A petition for Google to add [Cree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cree_language "Cree language") to Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chidley-Hill,_John-17)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Beattie,_Samantha-18) At the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in [mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_China "Mainland China"), which Google said was due to "low usage".[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wiggers,_Kyle-19)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Strumpf,_Dan-20) In 2024, a record of 110 languages including [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese"), [Tok Pisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Pisin "Tok Pisin") and some regional languages in [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia") including [Bashkir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language "Bashkir language"), [Chechen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language"), [Ossetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language") and [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") were added. The languages were added through the help of the [PaLM 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaLM_2 "PaLM 2") [Generative AI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_AI "Generative AI") model.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Jibin,_Joseph-21)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olga,_Kusikova-22) ## Functions Google Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) Specifically, its functions include: - Written Words Translation: a function that translates written words or text to a foreign language.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) - Website Translation: a function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) - Document Translation: a function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) - Speech Translation: a function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) - Mobile App Translation: in 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called "Tap to Translate", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_text_in_other_apps-28) - Image Translation: a function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_images-29) - Handwritten Translation: a function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30) - Bilingual Conversation Translation: a function that translates conversations in multiple languages.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_a_bilingual_conversation-31) - Transcription: a function that transcribes speech in different languages.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Transcribe_in_Google_Translate-32) For most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) ## Features [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a1/Google_translate_webpage.png/250px-Google_translate_webpage.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_translate_webpage.png) [English Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia "English Wikipedia")'s homepage translated into [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ### Web interface Google Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) For some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) and in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-when_and_how_to_use_GT_dictionary-33) and has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) If "Detect language" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a [URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL "URL") in the source text, Google Translate will produce a [hyperlink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink "Hyperlink") to a machine translation of the website.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) Users can save translation proposals in a "phrasebook" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Save_translations-35)[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-AK,_Sony-36) For some languages, text can be entered via an [on-screen keyboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_keyboard "Virtual keyboard"), whether through [handwriting recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwriting_recognition "Handwriting recognition") or [speech recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition "Speech recognition").[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) It is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language. Texts written in the [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_script "Arabic script"), [Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_script "Cyrillic script"), [Devanagari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari "Devanagari") and [Greek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet "Greek alphabet") scripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the [Latin alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabet "Latin alphabet"). The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Google_English_accent_map.svg/250px-Google_English_accent_map.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_English_accent_map.svg) Accent of English that the "text-to-speech" audio of Google Translate of each country uses: British (Received Pronunciation) (female) General American (female) General Australian (female) Indian (female) No Google translate service Many of the more popular languages have a "text-to-speech" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of [pluricentric languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluricentric_language "Pluricentric language"), the accent depends on the region: for English, in the [Americas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas "Americas"), most of the [Asia–Pacific](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific "Asia–Pacific") and [West Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Asia "West Asia"), the audio uses a female [General American](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_American_English "General American English") accent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female [British](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_English "British English") ([Received Pronunciation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_Pronunciation "Received Pronunciation")) accent is used, except for a special [General Australian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_English "Australian English") accent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an [Indian English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_English "Indian English") accent used in India; for Spanish, in the [Americas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas "Americas"), a [Latin American](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas "Spanish language in the Americas") accent is used, while in other parts of the world, a [Castilian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castilian_Spanish "Castilian Spanish") accent is used; for [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language"), a [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_French "Quebec French") accent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a [standard European accent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_French "Standard French") is used; for [Bengali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language"), a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source [eSpeak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESpeak "ESpeak") synthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand. #### Browser integration Google Translate is available in some [web browsers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser "Web browser") as an optional downloadable [extension](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_extension "Browser extension") that can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Firefox-37)[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chrome_Web_Store-38)[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Baldwin,_Roberto-39) In February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the [Google Chrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome "Google Chrome") browser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation.[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brinkmann,_Martin-40)[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-TechWhack_Google_Chrome_Translate-41)[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wauters,_Robin-42) ### Mobile app \| Google Translate \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Google_Translate_logo.svg/250px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) \| \| \| Screenshot [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/19/Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png) A screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate \| \| \| [Developer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmer "Programmer") \| [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") \| \| Initial release \| January 1, 2010; 16 years ago (2010-01-01) (for Android) February 8, 2011; 15 years ago (2011-02-08) (for iOS) \| \| [Stable release(s)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle "Software release life cycle") [\[±\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Google_Translate?action=edit) \| \| \| \| \| \| Android \| 10\.1.35 (Build 855527520) / 13 January 2026; 2 months ago (2026-01-13)[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-44) \| \| iOS \| 10\.2.280 / 20 January 2026; 2 months ago (2026-01-20)[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-45) \| \| Google Chrome, discontinued \| 2\.0.16 / 5 September 2024; 18 months ago (2024-09-05)[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-46) \| \| [Platform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_platform "Computing platform") \| [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") [6\.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Marshmallow "Android Marshmallow") and later [iOS 12](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_12 "IOS 12").4 and later \| \| [Size](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_size "File size") \| 37\.44 [MB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megabyte "Megabyte") (Android) 177\.4 MB (iOS) \| \| Available in \| 249 languages; see [below](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) \| \| [Type](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches "Software categories") \| [Neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") \| \| Website \| [translate.google.com/m?hl=en](https://translate.google.com/m?hl=en) \| The Google Translate app for [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS") supports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in "conversation mode", and 27 via live video imagery in "augmented reality mode".[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48) The Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011,[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Zhu,_Wenzhang-49) after an [HTML5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5 "HTML5") [web application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application "Web application") was released for iOS users in August 2008.[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hutchinson,_Allen-50) The Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with [iPod Touches](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod_Touch "IPod Touch"), [iPads](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad "IPad") and [iPhones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone "IPhone") updated to iOS 7.0+.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-iTunes-51) A January 2011 Android version experimented with a "Conversation Mode" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hachman,_Mark-52) Originally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-53)[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-54)[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-55) The 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using [optical character recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition "Optical character recognition") (OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages. In January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the [Word Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Lens "Word Lens") app.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_hello-56)[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Russell,_Jon-57)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) The original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes [convolutional neural networks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network "Convolutional neural network"), and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations ([augmented reality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality "Augmented reality")).[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Good,_Otavio-58)[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gush,_Andrew-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olanoff,_Drew-60) The feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived.[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-instant_camera_translation-61) On May 11, 2016, Google introduced Tap to Translate for Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kastrenakes,_Jacob-62) ### API On May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate [API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API "API") for [software developers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development "Software development") had been deprecated and would cease functioning.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_Google_to_shut_down_Translate_API-65) The Translate API page stated the reason as "substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse" with an end date set for December 1, 2011.[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_API-66) In response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_to_start_charging_for_translations-67) Because the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products.[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wong,_George-68)[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Burnette,_Ed-69) ### Google Assistant Google Translate also provides translations for [Google Assistant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Assistant "Google Assistant") and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as [Google Nest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nest_\(smart_speakers\) "Google Nest (smart speakers)") and [Pixel Buds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Buds "Pixel Buds"). ## Supported languages As of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4) 1. [Abkhaz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhaz_language "Abkhaz language") 2. [Acehnese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_language "Acehnese language") 3. [Acholi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acholi_dialect "Acholi dialect") 4. [Afar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_language "Afar language") 5. [Afrikaans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans "Afrikaans") 6. [Albanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language "Albanian language") 7. [Alur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alur_language "Alur language") 8. [Amharic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic "Amharic") 9. [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic "Arabic") 10. [Armenian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_language "Armenian language") 11. [Assamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamese_language "Assamese language") 12. [Avar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avar_language "Avar language") 13. [Awadhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awadhi_language "Awadhi language") 14. [Aymara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language "Aymara language") 15. [Azerbaijani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_language "Azerbaijani language") 16. [Balinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_language "Balinese language") 17. [Baluchi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochi_language "Balochi language") 18. [Bambara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambara_language "Bambara language") 19. [Baoulé](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baoul%C3%A9_language "Baoulé language") 20. [Bashkir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language "Bashkir language") 21. [Basque](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_language "Basque language") 22. [Batak Karo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Karo_language "Batak Karo language") 23. [Batak Simalungun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Simalungun_language "Batak Simalungun language") 24. [Batak Toba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_Batak_language "Toba Batak language") 25. [Belarusian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language") 26. [Bemba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bemba_language "Bemba language") 27. [Bengali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language") 28. [Betawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betawi_language "Betawi language") 29. [Bhojpuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhojpuri_language "Bhojpuri language") 30. [Bikol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bikol "Central Bikol") 31. [Bosnian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnian_language "Bosnian language") 32. [Breton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_language "Breton language") 33. [Bulgarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_language "Bulgarian language") 34. [Buryat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryat_language "Buryat language") 35. [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") 36. [Catalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language "Catalan language") 37. [Cebuano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebuano_language "Cebuano language") 38. [Chamorro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamorro_language "Chamorro language") 39. [Chechen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language") 40. [Chichewa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewa_language "Chewa language") 41. [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Simplified](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters")) 42. [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Traditional](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters")) 43. [Chuukese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuukese_language "Chuukese language") 44. [Chuvash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuvash_language "Chuvash language") 45. [Corsican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language "Corsican language") 46. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 47. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 48. [Croatian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_language "Croatian language") 49. [Czech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_language "Czech language") 50. [Danish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_language "Danish language") 51. [Dari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari "Dari") 52. [Dhivehi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldivian_language "Maldivian language") 53. [Dinka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinka_language "Dinka language") 54. [Dogri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogri_language "Dogri language") 55. [Dombe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga_language_\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\) "Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)") 56. [Dutch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language "Dutch language") 57. [Dyula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyula_language "Dyula language") 58. [Dzongkha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzongkha "Dzongkha") 59. [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language "English language") 60. [Esperanto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto "Esperanto") 61. [Estonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonian_language "Estonian language") 62. [Ewe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewe_language "Ewe language") 63. [Faroese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroese_language "Faroese language") 64. [Fijian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fijian_language "Fijian language") 65. [Filipino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_language "Filipino language") 66. [Finnish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") 67. [Fon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fon_language "Fon language") 68. [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") 69. [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") ([Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_French "Canadian French")) 70. [Frisian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Frisian_language "West Frisian language") 71. [Friulian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friulian_language "Friulian language") 72. [Fulani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_language "Fula language") 73. [Ga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga_language "Ga language") 74. [Galician](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language "Galician language") 75. [Georgian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_language "Georgian language") 76. [German](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language "German language") 77. [Greek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language "Greek language") 78. [Guarani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarani_language "Guarani language") 79. [Gujarati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_language "Gujarati language") 80. [Haitian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole "Haitian Creole") 81. [Hakha Chin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakha_Chin "Hakha Chin") 82. [Hausa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausa_language "Hausa language") 83. [Hawaiian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_language "Hawaiian language") 84. [Hebrew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language "Hebrew language") 85. [Hiligaynon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiligaynon_language "Hiligaynon language") 86. [Hindi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi "Hindi") 87. [Hmong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_language "Hmong language") 88. [Hungarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_language "Hungarian language") 89. [Hunsrik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsrik "Hunsrik") 90. [Iban](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iban_language "Iban language") 91. [Icelandic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_language "Icelandic language") 92. [Igbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_language "Igbo language") 93. [Ilocano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocano_language "Ilocano language") 94. [Indonesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language "Indonesian language") 95. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") (Latin) 96. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") ([Syllabics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut_syllabics "Inuktitut syllabics")) 97. [Irish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language "Irish language") 98. [Italian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") 99. [Jamaican Patois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_Patois "Jamaican Patois") 100. [Japanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_language "Japanese language") 101. [Javanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_language "Javanese language") 102. [Jingpo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingpo_language "Jingpo language") 103. [Kalaallisut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Greenlandic "West Greenlandic") 104. [Kannada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannada "Kannada") 105. [Kanuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanuri_language "Kanuri language") 106. [Kapampangan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapampangan_language "Kapampangan language") 107. [Kazakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language "Kazakh language") 108. [Khasi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khasi_language "Khasi language") 109. [Khmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_language "Khmer language") 110. [Kiga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiga_language "Kiga language") 111. [Kikongo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_language "Kongo language") 112. [Kinyarwanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinyarwanda "Kinyarwanda") 113. [Kituba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language "Kituba language") 114. [Kokborok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokborok "Kokborok") 115. [Komi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komi_language "Komi language") 116. [Konkani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkani_language "Konkani language") 117. [Korean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language "Korean language") 118. [Krio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krio_language "Krio language") 119. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Kurmanji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmanji "Kurmanji")) 120. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Sorani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani "Sorani")) 121. [Kyrgyz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_language "Kyrgyz language") 122. [Lao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_language "Lao language") 123. [Latgalian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latgalian_language "Latgalian language") 124. [Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin "Latin") 125. [Latvian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvian_language "Latvian language") 126. [Ligurian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurian_language "Ligurian language") 127. [Limburgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limburgish "Limburgish") 128. [Lingala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala "Lingala") 129. [Lithuanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language "Lithuanian language") 130. [Lombard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombard_language "Lombard language") 131. [Luganda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luganda "Luganda") 132. [Luo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholuo "Dholuo") 133. [Luxembourgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourgish "Luxembourgish") 134. [Macedonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_language "Macedonian language") 135. [Madurese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madurese_language "Madurese language") 136. [Maithili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maithili_language "Maithili language") 137. [Makassar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassarese_language "Makassarese language") 138. [Malagasy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malagasy_language "Malagasy language") 139. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") 140. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") ([Jawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawi_script "Jawi script")) 141. [Malayalam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam "Malayalam") 142. [Maltese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltese_language "Maltese language") 143. [Mam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam_language "Mam language") 144. [Manx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manx_language "Manx language") 145. [Maori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language "Māori language") 146. [Marathi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_language "Marathi language") 147. [Marshallese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshallese_language "Marshallese language") 148. [Marwadi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwari_language "Marwari language") 149. [Mauritian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritian_Creole "Mauritian Creole") 150. [Meadow Mari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow_Mari_language "Meadow Mari language") 151. [Meiteilon (Manipuri)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meitei_language "Meitei language") 152. [Minang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minangkabau_language "Minangkabau language") 153. [Mizo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizo_language "Mizo language") 154. [Mongolian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language "Mongolian language") 155. [Myanmar (Burmese)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language "Burmese language") 156. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huasteca_Nahuatl "Huasteca Nahuatl") 157. [Ndau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndau_dialect "Ndau dialect") 158. [Ndebele (South)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language "Southern Ndebele language") 159. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar_language "Newar language") 160. [Nepali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepali_language "Nepali language") 161. [NKo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Ko_language "N'Ko language") 162. [Norwegian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_language "Norwegian language") ([Bokmål](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l "Bokmål")) 163. [Nuer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuer_language "Nuer language") 164. [Occitan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language "Occitan language") 165. [Odia (Oriya)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_language "Odia language") 166. [Oromo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_language "Oromo language") 167. [Ossetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language") 168. [Pangasinan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangasinan_language "Pangasinan language") 169. [Papiamento](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamento "Papiamento") 170. [Pashto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto "Pashto") 171. [Persian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language "Persian language") 172. [Polish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language "Polish language") 173. [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Portuguese "Brazilian Portuguese")) 174. [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Portuguese "European Portuguese")) 175. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Gurmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi "Gurmukhi")) 176. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Shahmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahmukhi "Shahmukhi")) 177. [Quechua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Quechua "Southern Quechua") 178. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language "Qʼeqchiʼ language") 179. [Romani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language "Romani language") 180. [Romanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language") 181. [Rundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirundi "Kirundi") 182. [Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language") 183. [Sami (North)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_S%C3%A1mi "Northern Sámi") 184. [Samoan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoan_language "Samoan language") 185. [Sango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sango_language "Sango language") 186. [Sanskrit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit "Sanskrit") 187. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") (Latin) 188. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") ([Ol Chiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_Chiki "Ol Chiki")) 189. [Scots Gaelic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic "Scottish Gaelic") 190. [Sepedi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sotho "Northern Sotho") 191. [Serbian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_language "Serbian language") 192. [Sesotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotho_language "Sotho language") 193. [Seychellois Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellois_Creole "Seychellois Creole") 194. [Shan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_language "Shan language") 195. [Shona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shona_language "Shona language") 196. [Sicilian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicilian_language "Sicilian language") 197. [Silesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silesian_language "Silesian language") 198. [Sindhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_language "Sindhi language") 199. [Sinhala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinhala_language "Sinhala language") 200. [Slovak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_language "Slovak language") 201. [Slovenian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language "Slovene language") 202. [Somali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_language "Somali language") 203. [Spanish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language "Spanish language") 204. [Sundanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundanese_language "Sundanese language") 205. [Susu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_language "Susu language") 206. [Swahili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_language "Swahili language") 207. [Swati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swazi_language "Swazi language") 208. [Swedish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language "Swedish language") 209. [Tahitian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language "Tahitian language") 210. [Tajik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajik_language "Tajik language") 211. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") 212. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") ([Tifinagh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifinagh "Tifinagh")) 213. [Tamil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_language "Tamil language") 214. [Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language "Tatar language") 215. [Telugu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_language "Telugu language") 216. [Tetum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetum_language "Tetum language") 217. [Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language "Thai language") 218. [Tibetan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan "Lhasa Tibetan") 219. [Tigrinya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigrinya_language "Tigrinya language") 220. [Tiv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiv_language "Tiv language") 221. [Tok Pisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Pisin "Tok Pisin") 222. [Tongan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language "Tongan language") 223. [Tshiluba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luba-Kasai_language "Luba-Kasai language") 224. [Tsonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language "Tsonga language") 225. [Tswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswana_language "Tswana language") 226. [Tulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulu_language "Tulu language") 227. [Tumbuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuka_language "Tumbuka language") 228. [Turkish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language") 229. [Turkmen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_language "Turkmen language") 230. [Tuvan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvan_language "Tuvan language") 231. [Twi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twi "Twi") 232. [Udmurt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udmurt_language "Udmurt language") 233. [Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language") 234. [Urdu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu "Urdu") 235. [Uyghur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_language "Uyghur language") 236. [Uzbek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek_language "Uzbek language") 237. [Venda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venda_language "Venda language") 238. [Venetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venetian_language "Venetian language") 239. [Vietnamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_language "Vietnamese language") 240. [Waray](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waray_language "Waray language") 241. [Welsh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_language "Welsh language") 242. [Wolof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolof_language "Wolof language") 243. [Xhosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_language "Xhosa language") 244. [Yakut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakut_language "Yakut language") 245. [Yiddish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiddish "Yiddish") 246. [Yoruba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_language "Yoruba language") 247. [Yucatec Maya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatec_Maya_language "Yucatec Maya language") 248. [Zapotec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapotec_languages "Zapotec languages") 249. [Zulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulu_language "Zulu language") ### Stages History (by chronological order of introduction) 1. 1st stage 1. English to and from [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") 2. English to and from [German](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language "German language") 3. English to and from [Spanish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language "Spanish language") 2. 2nd stage 1. English to and from [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Portuguese "Brazilian Portuguese")) 3. 3rd stage 1. English to and from [Italian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") 4. 4th stage 1. English to and from [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Simplified](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters")) 2. English to and from [Japanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_language "Japanese language") 3. English to and from [Korean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language "Korean language") 5. 5th stage (launched April 28, 2006)[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) 1. English to and from [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic "Arabic") 6. 6th stage (launched December 16, 2006) 1. English to and from [Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language") 7. 7th stage (launched February 9, 2007) 1. English to and from [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Traditional](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters")) 2. [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") (([Simplified](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters")) to and from [Traditional](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters")) 8. 8th stage (all 25 language pairs use Google's machine translation system) (launched October 22, 2007) 1. English to and from [Dutch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language "Dutch language") 2. English to and from [Greek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language "Greek language") 9. 9th stage 1. English to and from [Hindi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi "Hindi") 10. 10th stage (as of this stage, translation can be done between any two languages, using English as an intermediate step, if needed) (launched May 8, 2008) 1. [Bulgarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_language "Bulgarian language") 2. [Croatian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_language "Croatian language") 3. [Czech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_language "Czech language") 4. [Danish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_language "Danish language") 5. [Finnish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") 6. [Norwegian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_language "Norwegian language") ([Bokmål](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l "Bokmål")) 7. [Polish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language "Polish language") 8. [Romanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language") 9. [Swedish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language "Swedish language") 11. 11th stage (launched September 25, 2008) 1. [Catalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language "Catalan language") 2. [Filipino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_language "Filipino language") ([Tagalog](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_language "Tagalog language")) 3. [Hebrew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language "Hebrew language") 4. [Indonesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language "Indonesian language") 5. [Latvian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvian_language "Latvian language") 6. [Lithuanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language "Lithuanian language") 7. [Serbian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_language "Serbian language") 8. [Slovak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_language "Slovak language") 9. [Slovene](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language "Slovene language") 10. [Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language") 11. [Vietnamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_language "Vietnamese language") 12. 12th stage (launched January 30, 2009) 1. [Albanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language "Albanian language") 2. [Estonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonian_language "Estonian language") 3. [Galician](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language "Galician language") 4. [Hungarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_language "Hungarian language") 5. [Maltese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltese_language "Maltese language") 6. [Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language "Thai language") 7. [Turkish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language") 13. 13th stage (launched June 19, 2009) 1. [Persian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language "Persian language") 14. 14th stage (launched August 24, 2009) 1. [Afrikaans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans "Afrikaans") 2. [Belarusian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language") 3. [Icelandic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_language "Icelandic language") 4. [Irish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language "Irish language") 5. [Macedonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_language "Macedonian language") 6. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") 7. [Swahili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_language "Swahili language") 8. [Welsh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_language "Welsh language") 9. [Yiddish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiddish "Yiddish") 15. 15th stage (launched November 19, 2009) 1. The Beta stage is finished. Users can now choose to have the [romanization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization "Romanization") written for Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Greek, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Thai and Ukrainian. For translations from Arabic, Hindi and Persian, the user can enter a Latin transliteration of the text and the text will be transliterated to the native script for these languages as the user is typing. The text can now be read by a [text-to-speech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesis "Speech synthesis") program in English, French, German and Italian. 16. 16th stage (launched January 30, 2010) 1. [Haitian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole "Haitian Creole") 17. 17th stage (launched April 2010) 1. Speech program launched in Hindi and Spanish. 18. 18th stage (launched May 5, 2010) 1. Speech program launched in Afrikaans, Albanian, Catalan, Chinese (Mandarin), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swahili, Swedish, Turkish, Vietnamese and Welsh (based on [eSpeak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESpeak "ESpeak")).[\[70\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Henderson,_Fergus-70) 19. 19th stage (launched May 13, 2010)[\[71\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Venugopal,_Ashish,_five_more_languages-71) 1. [Armenian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_language "Armenian language") 2. [Azerbaijani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_language "Azerbaijani language") 3. [Basque](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_language "Basque language") 4. [Georgian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_language "Georgian language") 5. [Urdu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu "Urdu") 20. 20th stage (launched June 2010) 1. Provides romanization for Arabic. 21. 21st stage (launched September 2010) 1. Allows phonetic typing for Arabic, Greek, Hindi, Persian, Russian, Serbian and Urdu. 2. [Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin "Latin")[\[72\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Uszkoreit,_Jakob,_official_Google_Blog-72)[\[73\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Uszkoreit,_Jakob,_Google_Translate_Blog-73) 22. 22nd stage (launched December 2010) 1. Romanization of Arabic removed. 2. Spell check added. 3. For some languages, Google replaced text-to-speech synthesizers from eSpeak's robot voice to native speaker's nature voice technologies made by SVOX[\[74\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-SVOX-74) (Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish and Turkish), and also the old versions of French, German, Italian and Spanish; Latin uses the same synthesizer as Italian. 4. Speech program launched in Arabic, Japanese and Korean. 23. 23rd stage (launched January 2011) 1. Choice of different translations for a word. 24. 24th stage (launched June 2011) - 5 new Indic languages (in alpha) and a transliterated input method:[\[75\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Venugopal,_Ashish,_Indic_web-75) 1. [Bengali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language") 2. [Gujarati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_language "Gujarati language") 3. [Kannada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannada "Kannada") 4. [Tamil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_language "Tamil language") 5. [Telugu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_language "Telugu language") 25. 25th stage (launched July 2011) 1. Translation rating introduced. 26. 26th stage (launched January 2012) 1. Dutch male voice synthesizer replaced with female. 2. Elena by SVOX replaced the Slovak eSpeak voice. 3. Transliteration of Yiddish added. 27. 27th stage (launched February 2012) 1. Speech program launched in Thai. 2. [Esperanto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto "Esperanto")[\[76\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brants,_Thorsten,_Esperanto-76) 28. 28th stage (launched September 2012) 1. [Lao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_language "Lao language") 29. 29th stage (launched October 2012) 1. Transliteration of Lao added. (alpha status)[\[77\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brants,_Thorsten,_Lao-77)[\[78\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Crum,_Chris-78) 30. 30th stage (launched October 2012) 1. New speech program launched in English. 31. 31st stage (launched November 2012) 1. New speech program in French, German, Italian, Latin and Spanish. 32. 32nd stage (launched March 2013) 1. Phrasebook added. 33. 33rd stage (launched April 2013) 1. [Khmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_language "Khmer language")[\[79\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ong,_Josh-79) 34. 34th stage (launched May 2013) 1. [Bosnian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnian_language "Bosnian language") 2. [Cebuano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebuano_language "Cebuano language")[\[80\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Noda,_Tam-80) 3. [Hmong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_language "Hmong language") 4. [Javanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_language "Javanese language") 5. [Marathi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_language "Marathi language") 35. 35th stage (launched May 2013) 1. 16 additional languages can be used with camera-input: Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Indonesian, Icelandic, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian and Swedish. 36. 36th stage (launched December 2013) 1. [Hausa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausa_language "Hausa language") 2. [Igbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_language "Igbo language") 3. [Maori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language "Māori language") 4. [Mongolian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language "Mongolian language") 5. [Nepali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepali_language "Nepali language") 6. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Gurmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi "Gurmukhi")) 7. [Somali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_language "Somali language") 8. [Yoruba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_language "Yoruba language") 9. [Zulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulu_language "Zulu language") 37. 37th stage (launched June 2014) 1. Definition of words added. 38. 38th stage (launched December 2014) 1. [Burmese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language "Burmese language") 2. [Chewa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewa_language "Chewa language") 3. [Kazakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language "Kazakh language") 4. [Malagasy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malagasy_language "Malagasy language") 5. [Malayalam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam "Malayalam") 6. [Sinhala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinhala_language "Sinhala language")[\[81\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Liyanage,_Vimukthi-81) 7. [Sotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotho_language "Sotho language") 8. [Sundanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundanese_language "Sundanese language") 9. [Tajik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajik_language "Tajik language") 10. [Uzbek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek_language "Uzbek language") 39. 39th stage (launched October 2015) 1. Transliteration of Arabic restored. 40. 40th stage (launched November 2015) 1. [Aurebesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_in_Star_Wars#Aurebesh "Languages in Star Wars") 41. 41st stage (launched February 2016) 1. Aurebesh removed. 2. Speech program launched in Bengali.[\[82\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Dawn,_Sindhi_translation-82)[\[83\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-DNA_India,_Sindhi_translation-83)[\[84\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Yahoo,_Sindhi_translation-84)[\[85\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ahmed,_Ali-85)[\[86\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shu,_Catherine-86) 3. [Amharic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic "Amharic") 4. [Corsican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language "Corsican language") 5. [Hawaiian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_language "Hawaiian language") 6. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Kurmanji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmanji "Kurmanji")) 7. [Kyrgyz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_language "Kyrgyz language") 8. [Luxembourgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourgish "Luxembourgish") 9. [Pashto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto "Pashto") 10. [Samoan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoan_language "Samoan language") 11. [Scottish Gaelic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic "Scottish Gaelic") 12. [Shona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shona_language "Shona language") 13. [Sindhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_language "Sindhi language")[\[87\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sandilo,_Tariq-87) 14. [West Frisian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Frisian_language "West Frisian language") 15. [Xhosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_language "Xhosa language") 42. 42nd stage (launched September 2016) 1. Speech program launched in Ukrainian. 43. 43rd stage (launched December 2016) 1. Speech program launched in Khmer and Sinhala. 44. 44th stage (launched June 2018) 1. Speech program launched in Burmese, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali and Telugu. 45. 45th stage (launched September 2019) 1. Speech program launched in Gujarati, Kannada and Urdu. 46. 46th stage (launched February 2020)[\[88\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Humphries,_Matthew-88) 1. [Kinyarwanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinyarwanda "Kinyarwanda") 2. [Odia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_language "Odia language") 3. [Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language "Tatar language") 4. [Turkmen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_language "Turkmen language") 5. [Uyghur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_language "Uyghur language") 47. 47th stage (launched February 2021) 1. Speech program launched in Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Catalan, Icelandic, Latvian, and Serbian (changed from eSpeak to a natural voice). 2. New speech system (WaveNet) for several languages. 48. 48th stage (launched January 2022) 1. Speech program launched in Hebrew. 49. 49th stage (launched May 2022)[\[89\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wilde,_Damien-89) 1. [Assamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamese_language "Assamese language") 2. [Aymara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language "Aymara language") 3. [Bambara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambara_language "Bambara language") 4. [Bhojpuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhojpuri_language "Bhojpuri language") 5. [Dogri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogri_language "Dogri language") 6. [Ewe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewe_language "Ewe language") 7. [Guarani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarani_language "Guarani language") 8. [Ilocano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocano_language "Ilocano language") 9. [Konkani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkani_language "Konkani language") 10. [Krio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krio_language "Krio language") 11. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Sorani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani "Sorani")) 12. [Lingala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala "Lingala") 13. [Luganda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luganda "Luganda") 14. [Maithili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maithili_language "Maithili language") 15. [Maldivian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldivian_language "Maldivian language") 16. [Meitei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meitei_language "Meitei language") 17. [Mizo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizo_language "Mizo language") 18. [Northern Sotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sotho "Northern Sotho") 19. [Oromo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_language "Oromo language") 20. [Quechua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Quechua "Southern Quechua") 21. [Sanskrit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit "Sanskrit") 22. [Tigrinya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigrinya_language "Tigrinya language") 23. [Tsonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language "Tsonga language") 24. [Twi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twi "Twi") 25. eSpeak voice synthesizer removed from Armenian, Esperanto, Macedonian and Welsh. 50. 50th stage (launched November 2022) 1. Speech program launched in Albanian, Bosnian and Swahili (changed from eSpeak to natural). 2. New speech program launched in Malayalam, Marathi and Tamil. 51. 51st stage (launched March 2023) 1. Speech program launched in Croatian (changed from eSpeak to natural). 52. 52nd stage (launched April 2023) 1. Speech program launched in Welsh (only on Google search results). 2. New speech programs launched in Chinese (simplified and traditional), German, Indonesian, Malay, Malayalam, Tamil, and Telugu (Chinese, German, Indonesian, Malayalam and Tamil reverted from WaveNet). 53. 53rd stage (launched June 2023) 1. Speech program launched in Lithuanian and Punjabi. 54. 54th stage (launched June 2024)[\[90\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Abner-90) 1. [Abkhaz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhaz_language "Abkhaz language") 2. [Acehnese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_language "Acehnese language") 3. [Acholi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acholi_dialect "Acholi dialect") 4. [Afar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_language "Afar language") 5. [Alur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alur_language "Alur language") 6. [Avar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avar_language "Avar language") 7. [Awadhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awadhi_language "Awadhi language") 8. [Balinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_language "Balinese language") 9. [Baluchi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochi_language "Balochi language") 10. [Baoulé](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baoul%C3%A9_language "Baoulé language") 11. [Bashkir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language "Bashkir language") 12. [Batak Karo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Karo_language "Batak Karo language") 13. [Batak Simalungun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Simalungun_language "Batak Simalungun language") 14. [Batak Toba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_Batak_language "Toba Batak language") 15. [Bemba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bemba_language "Bemba language") 16. [Betawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betawi_language "Betawi language") 17. [Bikol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikol_languages "Bikol languages") 18. [Breton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_language "Breton language") 19. [Buryat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryat_language "Buryat language") 20. [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") 21. [Chamorro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamorro_language "Chamorro language") 22. [Chechen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language") 23. [Chuukese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuukese_language "Chuukese language") 24. [Chuvash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuvash_language "Chuvash language") 25. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 26. [Dari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari "Dari") 27. [Dinka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinka_language "Dinka language") 28. [Dombe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga_language_\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\) "Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)") 29. [Dyula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyula_language "Dyula language") 30. [Dzongkha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzongkha "Dzongkha") 31. [Faroese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroese_language "Faroese language") 32. [Fijian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fijian_language "Fijian language") 33. [Fon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fon_language "Fon language") 34. [Friulian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friulian_language "Friulian language") 35. [Fulani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_language "Fula language") 36. [Ga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga_language "Ga language") 37. [Hakha Chin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakha_Chin "Hakha Chin") 38. [Hiligaynon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiligaynon_language "Hiligaynon language") 39. [Hunsrik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsrik "Hunsrik") 40. [Iban](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iban_language "Iban language") 41. [Jamaican Patois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_Patois "Jamaican Patois") 42. [Jingpo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingpo_language "Jingpo language") 43. [Kalaallisut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Greenlandic "West Greenlandic") 44. [Kanuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanuri_language "Kanuri language") 45. [Kapampangan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapampangan_language "Kapampangan language") 46. [Khasi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khasi_language "Khasi language") 47. [Kiga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiga_language "Kiga language") 48. [Kikongo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_language "Kongo language") 49. [Kituba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language "Kituba language") 50. [Kokborok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokborok "Kokborok") 51. [Komi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komi_language "Komi language") 52. [Latgalian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latgalian_language "Latgalian language") 53. [Ligurian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurian_language "Ligurian language") 54. [Limburgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limburgish "Limburgish") 55. [Lombard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombard_language "Lombard language") 56. [Luo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholuo "Dholuo") 57. [Madurese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madurese_language "Madurese language") 58. [Makassar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassarese_language "Makassarese language") 59. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") ([Jawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawi_script "Jawi script")) 60. [Mam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam_language "Mam language") 61. [Manx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manx_language "Manx language") 62. [Marshallese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshallese_language "Marshallese language") 63. [Marwadi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwari_language "Marwari language") 64. [Mauritian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritian_Creole "Mauritian Creole") 65. [Meadow Mari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow_Mari_language "Meadow Mari language") 66. [Minang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minangkabau_language "Minangkabau language") 67. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huasteca_Nahuatl "Huasteca Nahuatl") 68. [Ndau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndau_dialect "Ndau dialect") 69. [Ndebele (South)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language "Southern Ndebele language") 70. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar_language "Newar language") 71. [NKo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Ko_language "N'Ko language") 72. [Nuer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuer_language "Nuer language") 73. [Occitan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language "Occitan language") 74. [Ossetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language") 75. [Pangasinan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangasinan_language "Pangasinan language") 76. [Papiamento](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamento "Papiamento") 77. [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Portuguese "European Portuguese")) 78. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Shahmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahmukhi "Shahmukhi")) 79. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language "Qʼeqchiʼ language") 80. [Romani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language "Romani language") 81. [Rundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirundi "Kirundi") 82. [Sami (North)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_S%C3%A1mi "Northern Sámi") 83. [Sango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sango_language "Sango language") 84. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") 85. [Seychellois Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellois_Creole "Seychellois Creole") 86. [Shan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_language "Shan language") 87. [Sicilian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicilian_language "Sicilian language") 88. [Silesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silesian_language "Silesian language") 89. [Susu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_language "Susu language") 90. [Swati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swazi_language "Swazi language") 91. [Tahitian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language "Tahitian language") 92. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") 93. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") ([Tifinagh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifinagh "Tifinagh")) 94. [Tetum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetum_language "Tetum language") 95. [Tibetan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan "Lhasa Tibetan") 96. [Tiv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiv_language "Tiv language") 97. [Tok Pisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Pisin "Tok Pisin") 98. [Tongan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language "Tongan language") 99. [Tswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswana_language "Tswana language") 100. [Tulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulu_language "Tulu language") 101. [Tumbuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuka_language "Tumbuka language") 102. [Tuvan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvan_language "Tuvan language") 103. [Udmurt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udmurt_language "Udmurt language") 104. [Venda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venda_language "Venda language") 105. [Venetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venetian_language "Venetian language") 106. [Waray](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waray_language "Waray language") 107. [Wolof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolof_language "Wolof language") 108. [Yakut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakut_language "Yakut language") 109. [Yucatec Maya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatec_Maya_language "Yucatec Maya language") 110. [Zapotec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapotec_languages "Zapotec languages") 111. Speech program launched in Amharic, Bulgarian, Cantonese, Galician, Hausa, and Welsh 55. 55th stage (launched October 2024)[\[91\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-91)[\[92\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-92) 1. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 2. [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") ([Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_French "Canadian French")) 3. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") (Latin) 4. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") ([Syllabics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut_syllabics "Inuktitut syllabics")) 5. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") ([Ol Chiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_Chiki "Ol Chiki")) 6. [Tshiluba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luba-Kasai_language "Luba-Kasai language") ## Translation methodology In April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) Google Translate does not apply [grammatical](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar "Grammar") rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, [Franz Josef Och](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Josef_Och "Franz Josef Och"), has criticized the effectiveness of [rule-based](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule-based_machine_translation "Rule-based machine translation") [algorithms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm "Algorithm") in favor of statistical approaches.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93)[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-MT_Summit_X-94) Original versions of Google Translate were based on a method called [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation"), and more specifically, on research by Och who won the [DARPA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA "DARPA") contest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och-95) Google Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2).[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-96)[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-97)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8)[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) However, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating vous from French to Russian gives vous → you → ты OR Bы/вы.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-100) If Google were using an unambiguous, [artificial language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_language "Artificial language") as the intermediary, it would be vous → you → Bы/вы OR tu → thou → ты. Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as "you all" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language. The following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English:\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] - [Belarusian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language") ([be ↔ ru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Slavic_languages "East Slavic languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Catalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language "Catalan language") ([ca ↔ es](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iberian_Romance_languages "Iberian Romance languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Galician](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language "Galician language") ([gl ↔ pt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese "Galician–Portuguese") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Haitian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole "Haitian Creole") ([ht ↔ fr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French-based_creole_languages "French-based creole languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Korean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language "Korean language") ([ko ↔ ja](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altaic_languages "Altaic languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Slovak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_language "Slovak language") ([sk ↔ cs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech%E2%80%93Slovak_languages "Czech–Slovak languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language") ([uk ↔ ru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Slavic_languages "East Slavic languages") ↔ en ↔ other);[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) - [Urdu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu "Urdu") ([ur ↔ hi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_language "Hindustani language") ↔ en ↔ other). According to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual [text corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_corpus "Text corpus") (or [parallel collection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_text "Parallel text")) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93) Statistical [models](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_model "Mathematical model") from these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used [United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations "United Nations") and [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") documents and transcripts.[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Adams,_Tim-101)[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Tanner,_Adam-102) The UN typically publishes documents in all six [official UN languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations "Official languages of the United Nations"), which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers.[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-103) When Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for [patterns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern "Pattern") in hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes [informed guesses (AI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence "Artificial intelligence") as to what an appropriate translation should be.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Inside_Google_Translate-104) Before October 2007, for languages other than [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic "Arabic"), [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") and [Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language"), Google Translate was based on [SYSTRAN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN "SYSTRAN"), a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as [Babel Fish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babel_Fish_\(website\) "Babel Fish (website)") (now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") instead,[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chitu,_Alex-105)[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Schwartz,_Barry-106) before transitioning to neural machine translation. ### Google Translate Community Google used to have [crowdsourcing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing "Crowdsourcing") features for volunteers to be a part of its "Translate Community", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Southern,_Matt-107)[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kelman,_Sveta-108)[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109)[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lardinois,_Frederic-110)[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Summers,_Nick-111) Volunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases.[\[112\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Community_FAQ-112) In August 2016, a [Google Crowdsource](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsource_\(app\) "Crowdsource (app)") app was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered.[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Whitwan,_Ryan-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_new_Crowdsource_app-114) There were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Second, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Third, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the "suggest an edit" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-myth_5,_GT_learns-115) Despite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024. ### Statistical machine translation Although Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lange,_William-116)[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-United_Language_Group-117) ### Neural machine translation In September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the [Google Neural Machine Translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation "Google Neural Machine Translation") system (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) and in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT. Google Translate's [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") system used a large [end-to-end](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_principle "End-to-end principle") [artificial neural network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_\(machine_learning\) "Neural network (machine learning)") that attempts to perform [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning"),[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Fewster,_Gill-120) in particular, [long short-term memory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory "Long short-term memory") networks.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm1997-121)[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm2000-122)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15)[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Metz,_Cade-123) GNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an [example-based machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Example-based_machine_translation "Example-based machine translation") (EBMT) method in which the system "learns from millions of examples."[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) According to Google researchers, it translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar".[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) GNMT's "proposed architecture" of "system learning" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) With the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that "the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations."[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) The GNMT network attempts [interlingual machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlingual_machine_translation "Interlingual machine translation"), which encodes the "semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations",[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98) and the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses "the commonality found in between many languages".[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McDonald,_Chris-124) GNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) In March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese,[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Davenport,_Corbin-125) followed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hager,_Ryne-126) Since 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on [transformers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_\(deep_learning_architecture\) "Transformer (deep learning architecture)").[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_recent_advances-127) ## Accuracy \| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg) \| This section needs additional citations for [verification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability "Wikipedia:Verifiability"). Please help [improve this article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Google_Translate "Special:EditPage/Google Translate") by [adding citations to reliable sources](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners "Help:Referencing for beginners") in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2025) ([Learn how and when to remove this message](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal "Help:Maintenance template removal")) \| Google Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-conditions-128)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Accuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-empirical_evaluation-129) Human evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) A few studies have evaluated Chinese,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] French,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] German,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] and Spanish\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] to English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) indicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-non-english_pairs-130) Research conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the [UCLA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles "University of California, Los Angeles") minimum score for the English Proficiency Exam.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Aiken,_Milam-131) Due to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Moreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Furthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) When used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between [polysemic words](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy "Polysemy"). Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has [more than 15 senses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Most_common_words_in_English "Most common words in English"),[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-polysemy_Wiktionary-133) which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality [corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_corpus "Text corpus") occurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) ## Limitations Google Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with [polysemy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy "Polysemy") (the multiple meanings a word may have)[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-mathematics,_polysemy-134)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) and [multiword expressions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiom#Multiword_expression "Idiom") (terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them).[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-party_terms-135) A word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-study_Google_Translate-136) Google Translate struggles to differentiate between imperfect and perfect [aspects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect "Grammatical aspect") in Romance languages. The [subjunctive mood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood "Subjunctive mood") is often erroneous.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] Moreover, the formal second person (vous) is often chosen, whatever the context.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] Since its English reference material contains only "you" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with "you all" or formal "you" variations. Due to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Some languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11)[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Freitas,_Connor-137) No languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the [Europarl Corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europarl_Corpus "Europarl Corpus"), a trove of documents from the [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") that have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate,[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) and 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well.[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_original-139)[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_update-140) However, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits.[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) The service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) Therefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) ## Open-source licenses and components \| Language \| [WordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordNet "WordNet") \| License \| \|---\|---\|---\| \| Albanian \| Albanet \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license")/[GPL 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3 "GNU General Public License") \| \| Arabic \| [Arabic WordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_WordNet "Arabic WordNet") \| [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Catalan \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Chinese \| Chinese Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Danish \| DanNet \| Wordnet \| \| English \| Princeton WordNet \| Wordnet \| \| Finnish \| FinnWordNet \| Wordnet \| \| French \| WOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français) \| [CeCILL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CeCILL "CeCILL")\-C \| \| Galician \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Haitian Creole \| MIT-Haiti Initiative \| [CC BY 4.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license#Version_4.0 "Creative Commons license") \| \| Hebrew \| Hebrew Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Indonesian \| Wordnet Bahasa \| [MIT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License "MIT License") \| \| Italian \| MultiWordNet \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Japanese \| Japanese Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Malay \| Wordnet Bahasa \| [MIT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License "MIT License") \| \| Norwegian \| Norwegian Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Persian \| Persian Wordnet \| Free-to-use \| \| Polish \| [plWordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlWordNet "PlWordNet") \| Wordnet \| \| Portuguese \| OpenWN-PT \| [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Spanish \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Thai \| Thai Wordnet \| Wordnet \| Irish language data from [Foras na Gaeilge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge "Foras na Gaeilge")'s New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin. Certain content is copyrighted by [Oxford University Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press "Oxford University Press"), United States. Some phrase translations come from [Wikitravel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikitravel "Wikitravel").[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-open-source_licenses_and_components-141) ## Reviews Shortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation.[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Nielsen,_Michael-142) ### Translation mistakes and oddities Since Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors,[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gomes,_Lee-143) often swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language,[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Weinberg,_Nathan-144) as well as inverting sentence meaning.[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody-145) Novelty websites like [Bad Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_Services_USA#Bad_Translator "Translation Services USA") and Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages,[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona-146) similar to the children's game [telephone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_whispers "Chinese whispers").[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kincaid,_Jason-147) Certain texts in Japanese have shown to be translated to "Replying to @sarah\_mcdonald(s)" in English, often with no relation to the source text. Examples include "もーるるるるるるるる", "バチバチで草" and "絵にfう".[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-148) This has been asked on multiple platforms, including [YouTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube "YouTube").[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-149) ## See also - [Apertium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apertium "Apertium") - [Baidu Fanyi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baidu_Fanyi "Baidu Fanyi") - [Comparison of machine translation applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_machine_translation_applications "Comparison of machine translation applications") - [DeepL Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepL_Translator "DeepL Translator") - [Google Dictionary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dictionary "Google Dictionary") - [Google Translator Toolkit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translator_Toolkit "Google Translator Toolkit") - [List of Google products](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_products "List of Google products") - [Microsoft Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Translator "Microsoft Translator") - [PROMT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROMT "PROMT") - [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis "Speech Recognition & Synthesis") - [SYSTRAN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN "SYSTRAN") - [Translate (Apple)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translate_\(Apple\) "Translate (Apple)") - [Yandex Translate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yandex_Translate "Yandex Translate") ## References 1. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-2) [Och, Franz Josef](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Josef_Och "Franz Josef Och") (April 28, 2006). ["Statistical machine translation live"](https://ai.googleblog.com/2006/04/statistical-machine-translation-live.html). [Google AI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_AI "Google AI") Blog. [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Inc. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180523100259/https://ai.googleblog.com/2006/04/statistical-machine-translation-live.html) from the original on May 23, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2011. 2. ^ [a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-2) [d](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-3) [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-4) [f](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-5) [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-6) Turovsky, Barak (November 15, 2016). ["Found in translation: More accurate, fluent sentences in Google Translate"](https://blog.google/products/translate/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate/). The Keyword [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Blog. [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Inc. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170407071226/https://blog.google/products/translate/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate/) from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2016. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-translations_made_simple_3-0)* ["Translations Made Simple: The Usefulness of Translation Apps"](https://www.ulatus.com/translation-blog/most-globally-used-translated-apps/). Ulatus. April 8, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200429054905/https://www.ulatus.com/translation-blog/most-globally-used-translated-apps/) from the original on April 29, 2020. 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[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-97) [We pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French.](https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220203145647/https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) February 3, 2022, at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") Google, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. 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"Sidewalk Labs") [SlickLogin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SlickLogin "SlickLogin") [Titan Aerospace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_Aerospace "Titan Aerospace") [Typhoon Studios](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Studios "Typhoon Studios") [Urban Engines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Engines "Urban Engines") [Vicarious](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicarious_\(company\) "Vicarious (company)") [Viewdle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viewdle "Viewdle") [Wavii](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavii "Wavii") [Wildfire Interactive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildfire_Interactive "Wildfire Interactive") [YouTube Next Lab and Audience Development Group](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Next_Lab_and_Audience_Development_Group "YouTube Next Lab and Audience Development Group") \| \| Programs \| [Business Groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Business_Groups "Google Business Groups") [Computing University Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM/Google_Cloud_Computing_University_Initiative "IBM/Google Cloud Computing University Initiative") [Contact Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Contact_Lens "Google Contact Lens") [Content ID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_ID "Content ID") [CrossCheck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CrossCheck_\(project\) "CrossCheck (project)") [Data Liberation Front](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Data_Liberation_Front "Google Data Liberation Front") [Data Transfer Project](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Transfer_Project "Data Transfer Project") [Developer Expert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Developer_Expert "Google Developer Expert") [DigiKavach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DigiKavach "DigiKavach") [DigiPivot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DigiPivot "DigiPivot") [Digital Garage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Digital_Garage "Google Digital Garage") [Digital News Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_News_Initiative "Digital News Initiative") [Digital Unlocked](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Unlocked "Digital Unlocked") [Dragonfly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragonfly_\(search_engine\) "Dragonfly (search engine)") [Founders' Award](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Founders%27_Award "Google Founders' Award") [Free Zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Free_Zone "Google Free Zone") [Get Your Business Online](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Get_Your_Business_Online "Google Get Your Business Online") [Google for Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_for_Education "Google for Education") [Google for Startups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_for_Startups "Google for Startups") [Living Stories](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Living_Stories "Living Stories") [Made with Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Made_with_Code "Made with Code") [News Lab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_News_Lab "Google News Lab") [PowerMeter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_PowerMeter "Google PowerMeter") [Privacy Sandbox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_Sandbox "Privacy Sandbox") [Project Nightingale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Nightingale "Project Nightingale") [Project Nimbus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Nimbus "Project Nimbus") [Project Sunroof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Sunroof "Project Sunroof") [Project Zero](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Zero "Project Zero") [Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_Artificial_Intelligence_Lab "Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab") [RechargeIT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RechargeIT "RechargeIT") [Sensorvault](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensorvault "Sensorvault") [Silicon Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Silicon_Initiative "Google Silicon Initiative") [Solve for X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solve_for_X "Solve for X") [Street View Trusted](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_View_Trusted "Street View Trusted") [Student Ambassador Program](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Student_Ambassador_Program "Google Student Ambassador Program") [Vevo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vevo "Vevo") [YouTube BrandConnect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_BrandConnect "YouTube BrandConnect") [YouTube Creator Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Creator_Awards "YouTube Creator Awards") [YouTube Select](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Select "YouTube Select") [YouTube Original Channel Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Original_Channel_Initiative "YouTube Original Channel Initiative") [Year in Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Year_in_Search_top_searches "List of Year in Search top searches") [YouTube Rewind](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Rewind "YouTube Rewind") [2018](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Rewind_2018:_Everyone_Controls_Rewind "YouTube Rewind 2018: Everyone Controls Rewind") [2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Rewind_2019:_For_the_Record "YouTube Rewind 2019: For the Record") \| \| [Events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Google_events "Category:Google events") \| [AlphaGo versus Fan Hui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Fan_Hui "AlphaGo versus Fan Hui") [AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Lee_Sedol "AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol") [AlphaGo versus Ke Jie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Ke_Jie "AlphaGo versus Ke Jie") [Android Developer Challenge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge "Android Developer Challenge") [Android Developer Day](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Developer_Day "Android Developer Day") [Android Developer Lab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab "Android Developer Lab") [CNN/YouTube presidential debates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN/YouTube_presidential_debates "CNN/YouTube presidential debates") [Code-in](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Code-in "Google Code-in") [Code Jam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Code_Jam "Google Code Jam") [Developer Day](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Developer_Day "Google Developer Day") [Developers Live](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Developers_Live "Google Developers Live") [Doodle4Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doodle4Google "Doodle4Google") [Future of Go Summit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_Go_Summit "Future of Go Summit") [G-Day](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-Day "G-Day") [Hash Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_Code_\(programming_competition\) "Hash Code (programming competition)") [I/O](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_I/O "Google I/O") [Lunar X Prize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Lunar_X_Prize "Google Lunar X Prize") [Mapathon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Mapathon "Google Mapathon") [Science Fair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Science_Fair "Google Science Fair") [Summer of Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Summer_of_Code "Google Summer of Code") [World Chess Championship 2024](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2024 "World Chess Championship 2024") [YouTube Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Awards "YouTube Awards") [YouTube Comedy Week](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Comedy_Week "YouTube Comedy Week") [YouTube Live](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Live "YouTube Live") [YouTube Music Awards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Music_Awards "YouTube Music Awards") [2013](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_YouTube_Music_Awards "2013 YouTube Music Awards") [2015](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_YouTube_Music_Awards "2015 YouTube Music Awards") [YouTube Space Lab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Space_Lab "YouTube Space Lab") [YouTube Symphony Orchestra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Symphony_Orchestra "YouTube Symphony Orchestra") \| \| [Infrastructure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Google_buildings_and_structures "Category:Google buildings and structures") \| [111 Eighth Avenue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/111_Eighth_Avenue "111 Eighth Avenue") [Android lawn statues](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_lawn_statues "Android lawn statues") [Androidland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androidland "Androidland") [Barges](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_barges "Google barges") [Binoculars Building](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binoculars_Building "Binoculars Building") [Central Saint Giles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Saint_Giles "Central Saint Giles") [Chelsea Market](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Market "Chelsea Market") [Chrome Zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_Zone "Chrome Zone") [Data centers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_data_centers "Google data centers") [GeoEye-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoEye-1 "GeoEye-1") [Googleplex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googleplex "Googleplex") [Ivanpah Solar Power Facility](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivanpah_Solar_Power_Facility "Ivanpah Solar Power Facility") [James R. Thompson Center](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_R._Thompson_Center "James R. Thompson Center") [King's Cross](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_King%27s_Cross "Google King's Cross") [Mayfield Mall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayfield_Mall "Mayfield Mall") [Pier 57](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pier_57 "Pier 57") [Sidewalk Toronto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidewalk_Toronto "Sidewalk Toronto") [St. John's Terminal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John%27s_Terminal "St. John's Terminal") Submarine cables [Dunant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunant_\(submarine_communications_cable\) "Dunant (submarine communications cable)") [Grace Hopper](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Hopper_\(submarine_communications_cable\) "Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable)") [Unity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_\(cable_system\) "Unity (cable system)") [WiFi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_WiFi "Google WiFi") [YouTube Space](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Space "YouTube Space") [YouTube Theater](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Theater "YouTube Theater") \| \| [People](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Google_employees "Category:Google employees") \| \| \| \| \| \| Current \| [Krishna Bharat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna_Bharat "Krishna Bharat") [Vint Cerf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vint_Cerf "Vint Cerf") [Jeff Dean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Dean "Jeff Dean") [John Doerr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Doerr "John Doerr") [Sanjay Ghemawat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanjay_Ghemawat "Sanjay Ghemawat") [Al Gore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Gore "Al Gore") [John L. Hennessy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_L._Hennessy "John L. Hennessy") [Urs Hölzle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urs_H%C3%B6lzle "Urs Hölzle") [Salar Kamangar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salar_Kamangar "Salar Kamangar") [Ray Kurzweil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Kurzweil "Ray Kurzweil") [Ann Mather](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Mather "Ann Mather") [Alan Mulally](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Mulally "Alan Mulally") [Rick Osterloh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Osterloh "Rick Osterloh") [Sundar Pichai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundar_Pichai "Sundar Pichai") (CEO) [Ruth Porat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Porat "Ruth Porat") (CFO) [Rajen Sheth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajen_Sheth "Rajen Sheth") [Hal Varian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hal_Varian "Hal Varian") [Neal Mohan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_Mohan "Neal Mohan") \| \| Former \| [Andy Bechtolsheim](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Bechtolsheim "Andy Bechtolsheim") [Sergey Brin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergey_Brin "Sergey Brin") (co-founder) [David Cheriton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cheriton "David Cheriton") [Matt Cutts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Cutts "Matt Cutts") [David Drummond](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Drummond_\(businessman\) "David Drummond (businessman)") [Alan Eustace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Eustace "Alan Eustace") [Timnit Gebru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timnit_Gebru "Timnit Gebru") [Omid Kordestani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omid_Kordestani "Omid Kordestani") [Paul Otellini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Otellini "Paul Otellini") [Larry Page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Page "Larry Page") (co-founder) [Patrick Pichette](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Pichette "Patrick Pichette") [Eric Schmidt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Schmidt "Eric Schmidt") [Ram Shriram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Shriram "Ram Shriram") [Amit Singhal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amit_Singhal "Amit Singhal") [Shirley M. Tilghman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_M._Tilghman "Shirley M. Tilghman") [Rachel Whetstone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Whetstone "Rachel Whetstone") [Susan Wojcicki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Wojcicki "Susan Wojcicki") \| \| [Criticism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Google "Criticism of Google") \| \| \| \| \| \| General \| [Censorship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_by_Google "Censorship by Google") [DeGoogle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeGoogle "DeGoogle") [FairSearch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FairSearch "FairSearch") "[Google's Ideological Echo Chamber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%27s_Ideological_Echo_Chamber "Google's Ideological Echo Chamber")" [No Tech for Apartheid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Tech_for_Apartheid "No Tech for Apartheid") [Privacy concerns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Google "Privacy concerns with Google") [Street View](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_privacy_concerns "Google Street View privacy concerns") [YouTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_and_privacy "YouTube and privacy") [Trade unions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_and_trade_unions "Google and trade unions") [Alphabet Workers Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet_Workers_Union "Alphabet Workers Union") [YouTube copyright issues](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_copyright_issues "YouTube copyright issues") \| \| Incidents \| [Backdoor advertisement controversy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Korean_YouTube_backdoor_advertising_controversy "2020 Korean YouTube backdoor advertising controversy") [Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking_of_YouTube_videos_in_Germany "Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany") [Data breach](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Google_data_breach "2018 Google data breach") [Elsagate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsagate "Elsagate") [Fantastic Adventures scandal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantastic_Adventures_scandal "Fantastic Adventures scandal") [Kohistan video case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Kohistan_video_case "2012 Kohistan video case") [Reactions to Innocence of Muslims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactions_to_Innocence_of_Muslims "Reactions to Innocence of Muslims") [San Francisco tech bus protests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_tech_bus_protests "San Francisco tech bus protests") [Services outages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_services_outages "Google services outages") [Slovenian government incident](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Slovenian_YouTube_incident "2011 Slovenian YouTube incident") [Walkouts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Google_walkouts "2018 Google walkouts") [YouTube headquarters shooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_headquarters_shooting "YouTube headquarters shooting") \| \| Other \| [Android apps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google "List of Android apps by Google") [April Fools' Day jokes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_April_Fools%27_Day_jokes "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes") [Doodles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Doodle "Google Doodle") [Doodle Champion Island Games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doodle_Champion_Island_Games "Doodle Champion Island Games") [Magic Cat Academy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_Cat_Academy "Magic Cat Academy") [Pac-Man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pac-Man_Google_Doodle "Pac-Man Google Doodle") [Easter eggs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_Easter_eggs "List of Google Easter eggs") [History](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Google "History of Google") [Gmail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Gmail "History of Gmail") [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Google_Search "Timeline of Google Search") [YouTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_YouTube "History of YouTube") [Logo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_logo "Google logo") [Material Design](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_Design "Material Design") [Mergers and acquisitions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Alphabet "List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet") \| \| [Development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Developers "Google Developers") \| \| \| \| \| \| Software \| \| \| \| \| \| A–C \| [Accelerated Linear Algebra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Linear_Algebra "Accelerated Linear Algebra") [AMP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Mobile_Pages "Accelerated Mobile Pages") [Actions on Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actions_on_Google "Actions on Google") [ALTS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALTS "ALTS") [American Fuzzy Lop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Fuzzy_Lop_\(software\) "American Fuzzy Lop (software)") [Android Cloud to Device Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Cloud_to_Device_Messaging "Android Cloud to Device Messaging") [Android Debug Bridge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge "Android Debug Bridge") [Android NDK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_NDK "Android NDK") [Android Runtime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Runtime "Android Runtime") [Android SDK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_SDK "Android SDK") [Android Studio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Studio "Android Studio") [Angular](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_\(web_framework\) "Angular (web framework)") [AngularJS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AngularJS "AngularJS") [Apache Beam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Beam "Apache Beam") [APIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_APIs "Google APIs") [App Engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_App_Engine "Google App Engine") [App Inventor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_App_Inventor "MIT App Inventor") [App Maker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_App_Maker "Google App Maker") [App Runtime for Chrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_App_Runtime_for_Chrome "Google App Runtime for Chrome") [AppJet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppJet "AppJet") [Apps Script](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Apps_Script "Google Apps Script") [AppSheet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppSheet "AppSheet") [ARCore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARCore "ARCore") [Base](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Base "Google Base") [Bazel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazel_\(software\) "Bazel (software)") [BeyondCorp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeyondCorp "BeyondCorp") [Bigtable](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigtable "Bigtable") [BigQuery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BigQuery "BigQuery") [Bionic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_\(software\) "Bionic (software)") [Blockly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockly "Blockly") [Borg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borg_\(cluster_manager\) "Borg (cluster manager)") [Caja](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caja_project "Caja project") [Cameyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameyo "Cameyo") [Chart API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chart_API "Google Chart API") [Charts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Charts "Google Charts") [Chrome Frame](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome_Frame "Google Chrome Frame") [Chromium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium_\(web_browser\) "Chromium (web browser)") [Blink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blink_\(browser_engine\) "Blink (browser engine)") [Closure Tools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Closure_Tools "Google Closure Tools") [Cloud Connect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Connect "Google Cloud Connect") [Cloud Dataflow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Dataflow "Google Cloud Dataflow") [Cloud Datastore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Datastore "Google Cloud Datastore") [Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging "Google Cloud Messaging") [Cloud Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Shell "Google Cloud Shell") [Cloud Storage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Storage "Google Cloud Storage") [Code Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Code_Search "Google Code Search") [Compute Engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Compute_Engine "Google Compute Engine") [Cpplint](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cpplint "Cpplint") \| \| D–N \| [Dalvik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalvik_\(software\) "Dalvik (software)") [Data Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Data_Protocol "Google Data Protocol") [Dialogflow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialogflow "Dialogflow") [Exposure Notification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_Notification "Exposure Notification") [Fast Pair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Pair "Fast Pair") [Fastboot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastboot "Fastboot") [Federated Learning of Cohorts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_Learning_of_Cohorts "Federated Learning of Cohorts") [File System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_File_System "Google File System") [Firebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase "Firebase") [Firebase Studio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Studio "Firebase Studio") [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging "Firebase Cloud Messaging") [FlatBuffers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FlatBuffers "FlatBuffers") [Flutter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flutter_\(software\) "Flutter (software)") [Freebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freebase_\(database\) "Freebase (database)") [Gadgets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Gadgets "Google Gadgets") [Ganeti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganeti "Ganeti") [Gears](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gears_\(software\) "Gears (software)") [Gerrit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrit_\(software\) "Gerrit (software)") [Global Cache](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Global_Cache "Google Global Cache") [GLOP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLOP "GLOP") [gRPC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRPC "GRPC") [Gson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gson "Gson") [Guava](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Guava "Google Guava") [Guetzli](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guetzli "Guetzli") [Guice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Guice "Google Guice") [gVisor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GVisor "GVisor") [GYP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GYP_\(software\) "GYP (software)") [JAX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAX_\(software\) "JAX (software)") [Jetpack Compose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetpack_Compose "Jetpack Compose") [Keyhole Markup Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language "Keyhole Markup Language") [Kubernetes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubernetes "Kubernetes") [Kythe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Kythe "Google Kythe") [LevelDB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LevelDB "LevelDB") [Lighthouse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthouse_\(software\) "Lighthouse (software)") [Looker Studio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looker_Studio "Looker Studio") [lmctfy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lmctfy "Lmctfy") [MapReduce](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MapReduce "MapReduce") [Mashup Editor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Mashup_Editor "Google Mashup Editor") [Matter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_\(standard\) "Matter (standard)") [Mobile Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services "Google Mobile Services") [Namebench](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namebench "Namebench") [Native Client](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Native_Client "Google Native Client") [Neatx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neatx "Neatx") [Neural Machine Translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation "Google Neural Machine Translation") [Nomulus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomulus "Nomulus") \| \| O–Z \| [Open Location Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Location_Code "Open Location Code") [OpenRefine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenRefine "OpenRefine") [OpenSocial](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSocial "OpenSocial") [Optimize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Optimize "Google Optimize") [OR-Tools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OR-Tools "OR-Tools") [Pack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pack "Google Pack") [PageSpeed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_PageSpeed_Tools "Google PageSpeed Tools") [Piper](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_\(source_control_system\) "Piper (source control system)") [Plugin for Eclipse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Plugin_for_Eclipse "Google Plugin for Eclipse") [Polymer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_\(library\) "Polymer (library)") [Programmable Search Engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Programmable_Search_Engine "Google Programmable Search Engine") [Project Shield](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Shield "Project Shield") [Public DNS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Public_DNS "Google Public DNS") [reCAPTCHA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReCAPTCHA "ReCAPTCHA") [RenderScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RenderScript "RenderScript") [SafetyNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafetyNet "SafetyNet") [SageTV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SageTV "SageTV") [Schema.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schema.org "Schema.org") [Search Console](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Search_Console "Google Search Console") [Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Shell "Google Shell") [Sitemaps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitemaps "Sitemaps") [Skia Graphics Engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine "Skia Graphics Engine") [Spanner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanner_\(database\) "Spanner (database)") [Sputnik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_\(JavaScript_conformance_test\) "Sputnik (JavaScript conformance test)") [Stackdriver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stackdriver "Stackdriver") [Swiffy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Swiffy "Google Swiffy") [Tango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tango_\(platform\) "Tango (platform)") [TensorFlow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TensorFlow "TensorFlow") [Tesseract](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesseract_\(software\) "Tesseract (software)") [Test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Test "Google Test") [Translator Toolkit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translator_Toolkit "Google Translator Toolkit") [Urchin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urchin_\(software\) "Urchin (software)") [UTM parameters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTM_parameters "UTM parameters") [V8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_\(JavaScript_engine\) "V8 (JavaScript engine)") [VirusTotal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VirusTotal "VirusTotal") [VisBug](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisBug "VisBug") [Wave Federation Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Wave_Federation_Protocol "Google Wave Federation Protocol") [Weave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weave_\(protocol\) "Weave (protocol)") [Web Accelerator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Accelerator "Google Web Accelerator") [Web Designer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Designer "Google Web Designer") [Web Server](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Server "Google Web Server") [Web Toolkit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit "Google Web Toolkit") [Webdriver Torso](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webdriver_Torso "Webdriver Torso") [WebRTC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC "WebRTC") \| \| Operating systems \| [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") [Cupcake](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Cupcake "Android Cupcake") [Donut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Donut "Android Donut") [Eclair](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Eclair "Android Eclair") [Froyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Froyo "Android Froyo") [Gingerbread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Gingerbread "Android Gingerbread") [Honeycomb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Honeycomb "Android Honeycomb") [Ice Cream Sandwich](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich "Android Ice Cream Sandwich") [Jelly Bean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean "Android Jelly Bean") [KitKat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_KitKat "Android KitKat") [Lollipop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Lollipop "Android Lollipop") [Marshmallow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Marshmallow "Android Marshmallow") [Nougat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Nougat "Android Nougat") [Oreo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Oreo "Android Oreo") [Pie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Pie "Android Pie") [10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_10 "Android 10") [11](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_11 "Android 11") [12](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_12 "Android 12") [13](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_13 "Android 13") [14](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_14 "Android 14") [15](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_15 "Android 15") [16](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_16 "Android 16") [version history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_version_history "Android version history") [smartphones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Android_smartphones "List of Android smartphones") [Android Automotive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Automotive "Android Automotive") [Android Go](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Go "Android Go") [devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products "Comparison of Android Go products") [Android Things](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Things "Android Things") [Android TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_TV "Android TV") [devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Android_TV_devices "List of Android TV devices") [Android XR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_XR "Android XR") [ChromeOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChromeOS "ChromeOS") [ChromeOS Flex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChromeOS_Flex "ChromeOS Flex") [ChromiumOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChromiumOS "ChromiumOS") [Fuchsia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuchsia_\(operating_system\) "Fuchsia (operating system)") [Glass OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_OS "Glass OS") [gLinux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLinux "GLinux") [Goobuntu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goobuntu "Goobuntu") TV [2010–2014](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_TV_\(2010%E2%80%932014\) "Google TV (2010–2014)") [2020–present](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_TV_\(interface\) "Google TV (interface)") [Wear OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wear_OS "Wear OS") \| \| Machine learning models \| [BERT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BERT_\(language_model\) "BERT (language model)") [Chinchilla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchilla_\(language_model\) "Chinchilla (language model)") [DreamBooth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DreamBooth "DreamBooth") [Gemini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemini_\(language_model\) "Gemini (language model)") [Gemma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemma_\(language_model\) "Gemma (language model)") [Imagen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagen_\(text-to-image_model\) "Imagen (text-to-image model)") (2023) [LaMDA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaMDA "LaMDA") [PaLM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaLM "PaLM") [T5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T5_\(language_model\) "T5 (language model)") [Veo (text-to-video model)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veo_\(text-to-video_model\) "Veo (text-to-video model)") [VideoPoet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VideoPoet "VideoPoet") [XLNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XLNet "XLNet") \| \| Neural networks \| [EfficientNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EfficientNet "EfficientNet") [Gato](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gato_\(DeepMind\) "Gato (DeepMind)") [Inception](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inception_\(deep_learning_architecture\) "Inception (deep learning architecture)") [MobileNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MobileNet "MobileNet") [Transformer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_\(deep_learning_architecture\) "Transformer (deep learning architecture)") [WaveNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WaveNet "WaveNet") \| \| Computer programs \| [AlphaDev](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaDev "AlphaDev") [AlphaFold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaFold "AlphaFold") [AlphaGeometry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGeometry "AlphaGeometry") [AlphaGo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo "AlphaGo") [AlphaGo Zero](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_Zero "AlphaGo Zero") [AlphaStar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaStar_\(software\) "AlphaStar (software)") [AlphaZero](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaZero "AlphaZero") [Master](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_\(software\) "Master (software)") [MuZero](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MuZero "MuZero") \| \| Formats and codecs \| [AAB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_App_Bundle "Android App Bundle") [APK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apk_\(file_format\) "Apk (file format)") [AV1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AV1 "AV1") [iLBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec "Internet Low Bitrate Codec") [iSAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec "Internet Speech Audio Codec") [libvpx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libvpx "Libvpx") [Lyra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyra_\(codec\) "Lyra (codec)") [Protocol Buffers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_Buffers "Protocol Buffers") [Ultra HDR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_HDR "Ultra HDR") [VP3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP3 "VP3") [VP6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP6 "VP6") [VP8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP8 "VP8") [VP9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP9 "VP9") [WebM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebM "WebM") [WebP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebP "WebP") [WOFF2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Open_Font_Format "Web Open Font Format") \| \| Programming languages \| [Carbon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_\(programming_language\) "Carbon (programming language)") [Dart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dart_\(programming_language\) "Dart (programming language)") [Go](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_\(programming_language\) "Go (programming language)") [Sawzall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawzall_\(programming_language\) "Sawzall (programming language)") \| \| Search algorithms \| [Googlebot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlebot "Googlebot") [Hummingbird](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Hummingbird "Google Hummingbird") [Mobilegeddon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilegeddon "Mobilegeddon") [PageRank](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PageRank "PageRank") [matrix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_matrix "Google matrix") [Panda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Panda "Google Panda") [Penguin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Penguin "Google Penguin") [Pigeon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pigeon "Google Pigeon") [RankBrain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RankBrain "RankBrain") \| \| [Domain names](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Google_domain_names "Category:Google domain names") \| [.app](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.app_\(top-level_domain\) ".app (top-level domain)") [.dev](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dev ".dev") [.google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.google ".google") [.zip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.zip_\(top-level_domain\) ".zip (top-level domain)") [g.co](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.co "G.co") [google.by](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google.by "Google.by") \| \| Typefaces \| [Croscore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croscore_fonts "Croscore fonts") [Noto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noto_fonts "Noto fonts") [Product Sans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_Sans "Product Sans") [Roboto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboto "Roboto") \| \| [Software](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_products "List of Google products") \| \| \| \| \| \| A \| [Aardvark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardvark_\(search_engine\) "Aardvark (search engine)") [Account](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Account "Google Account") [Dashboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dashboard "Google Dashboard") [Takeout](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Takeout "Google Takeout") [Ad Manager](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ad_Manager "Google Ad Manager") [AdMob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdMob "AdMob") [Ads](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Ads "Google Ads") [AdSense](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_AdSense "Google AdSense") [Affiliate Network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Affiliate_Network "Google Affiliate Network") [Alerts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Alerts "Google Alerts") [Allo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Allo "Google Allo") [Analytics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Analytics "Google Analytics") [Antigravity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Antigravity "Google Antigravity") [Android Auto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Auto "Android Auto") [Android Beam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Beam "Android Beam") [Answers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Answers "Google Answers") [Apture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apture "Apture") [Arts & Culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Arts_%26_Culture "Google Arts & Culture") [Assistant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Assistant "Google Assistant") [Attribution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Attribution "Google Attribution") [Authenticator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Authenticator "Google Authenticator") \| \| B \| [BebaPay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BebaPay "BebaPay") [BeatThatQuote.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeatThatQuote.com "BeatThatQuote.com") [Beam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Beam "Google Beam") [Blog Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Blog_Search "Google Blog Search") [Blogger](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blogger_\(service\) "Blogger (service)") [Body](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZygoteBody "ZygoteBody") [Bookmarks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Bookmarks "Google Bookmarks") [Books](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books "Google Books") [Ngram Viewer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books_Ngram_Viewer "Google Books Ngram Viewer") [Browser Sync](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Browser_Sync "Google Browser Sync") [Building Maker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Building_Maker "Google Building Maker") [Bump](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bump_\(application\) "Bump (application)") [BumpTop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BumpTop "BumpTop") [Buzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Buzz "Google Buzz") \| \| C \| [Calendar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Calendar "Google Calendar") [Cast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cast "Google Cast") [Catalogs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Catalogs "Google Catalogs") [Chat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chat "Google Chat") [Checkout](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Checkout "Google Checkout") [Chrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome "Google Chrome") [Chrome Apps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome_App "Google Chrome App") [Chrome Experiments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome_Experiments "Google Chrome Experiments") [Chrome Remote Desktop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_Remote_Desktop "Chrome Remote Desktop") [Chrome Web Store](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_Web_Store "Chrome Web Store") [Classroom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Classroom "Google Classroom") [Cloud Print](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Print "Google Cloud Print") [Cloud Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Search "Google Cloud Search") [Contacts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Contacts "Google Contacts") [Contributor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Contributor "Google Contributor") [Crowdsource](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsource_\(app\) "Crowdsource (app)") [Currents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Currents_\(social_app\) "Google Currents (social app)") (social app) [Currents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Currents_\(news_app\) "Google Currents (news app)") (news app) \| \| D \| [Data Commons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Commons "Data Commons") [Dataset Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dataset_Search "Google Dataset Search") [Desktop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Desktop "Google Desktop") [Dictionary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dictionary "Google Dictionary") [Dinosaur Game](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur_Game "Dinosaur Game") [Directory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Directory "Google Directory") [Docs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Docs "Google Docs") [Docs Editors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Docs_Editors "Google Docs Editors") [Domains](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Domains "Google Domains") [Drawings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Drawings "Google Drawings") [Drive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Drive "Google Drive") [Duo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Duo "Google Duo") \| \| E \| [Earth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Earth "Google Earth") [Etherpad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etherpad "Etherpad") [Expeditions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Expeditions "Google Expeditions") [Express](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Express "Google Express") \| \| F \| [Family Link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Family_Link "Google Family Link") [Fast Flip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Fast_Flip "Google Fast Flip") [FeedBurner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FeedBurner "FeedBurner") [fflick](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fflick "Fflick") [Fi Wireless](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Fi_Wireless "Google Fi Wireless") [Finance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Finance "Google Finance") [Files](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Files_\(Google\) "Files (Google)") [Find Hub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_Hub "Find Hub") [Fit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Fit "Google Fit") [Flights](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Flights "Google Flights") [Flu Trends](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Flu_Trends "Google Flu Trends") [Fonts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Fonts "Google Fonts") [Forms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Forms "Google Forms") [Friend Connect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Friend_Connect "Google Friend Connect") [Fusion Tables](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Fusion_Tables "Google Fusion Tables") \| \| G \| [Gboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gboard "Gboard") [Gemini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Gemini "Google Gemini") [Nano Banana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano_Banana "Nano Banana") [Gesture Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Gesture_Search "Google Gesture Search") [Gizmo5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gizmo5 "Gizmo5") [Google+](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%2B "Google+") [Gmail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmail "Gmail") [Goggles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Goggles "Google Goggles") [GOOG-411](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GOOG-411 "GOOG-411") [Grasshopper](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grasshopper_\(mobile_app\) "Grasshopper (mobile app)") [Groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Groups "Google Groups") \| \| H \| [Hangouts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Hangouts "Google Hangouts") [Helpouts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Helpouts "Google Helpouts") [Home](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Home_\(platform\) "Google Home (platform)") \| \| I \| [iGoogle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGoogle "IGoogle") [Images](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Images "Google Images") [Image Labeler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Image_Labeler "Google Image Labeler") [Image Swirl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Image_Swirl "Google Image Swirl") [Inbox by Gmail](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbox_by_Gmail "Inbox by Gmail") [Input Tools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Input_Tools "Google Input Tools") [Japanese Input](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Japanese_Input "Google Japanese Input") [Pinyin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pinyin "Google Pinyin") [Insights for Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Insights_for_Search "Google Insights for Search") \| \| J \| [Jaiku](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaiku "Jaiku") [Jamboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamboard "Jamboard") \| \| K \| [Kaggle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle "Kaggle") [Keep](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Keep "Google Keep") [Knol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knol "Knol") \| \| L \| [Labs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Labs "Google Labs") [Latitude](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Latitude "Google Latitude") [Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Lens "Google Lens") [Like.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Like.com "Like.com") [Live Transcribe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_Transcribe "Live Transcribe") [Lively](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Lively "Google Lively") \| \| M \| [Map Maker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Map_Maker "Google Map Maker") [Maps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Maps "Google Maps") [Maps Navigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Maps_Navigation "Google Maps Navigation") [Marketing Platform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Marketing_Platform "Google Marketing Platform") [Meet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Meet "Google Meet") [Messages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Messages "Google Messages") [Moderator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Moderator "Google Moderator") [My Tracks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Tracks "My Tracks") \| \| N \| [Nearby Share](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearby_Share "Nearby Share") [News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_News "Google News") [News & Weather](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_News_%26_Weather "Google News & Weather") [News Archive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_News_Archive "Google News Archive") [Notebook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Notebook "Google Notebook") [NotebookLM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NotebookLM "NotebookLM") [Now](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Now "Google Now") \| \| O \| [Offers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Offers "Google Offers") [One](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_One "Google One") [One Pass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_One_Pass "Google One Pass") [Opinion Rewards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Opinion_Rewards "Google Opinion Rewards") [Orkut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orkut "Orkut") [Oyster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyster_\(company\) "Oyster (company)") \| \| P \| [Panoramio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panoramio "Panoramio") [PaperofRecord.com](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaperofRecord.com "PaperofRecord.com") [Patents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Patents "Google Patents") [Page Creator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Page_Creator "Google Page Creator") [Pay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pay_\(mobile_app\) "Google Pay (mobile app)") (mobile app) [Pay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pay_\(payment_method\) "Google Pay (payment method)") (payment method) [Pay Send](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pay_Send "Google Pay Send") [People Cards](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Cards "People Cards") [Person Finder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Person_Finder "Google Person Finder") [Personalized Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Personalized_Search "Google Personalized Search") [Photomath](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomath "Photomath") [Photos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Photos "Google Photos") [Picasa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasa "Picasa") [Picasa Web Albums](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasa_Web_Albums "Picasa Web Albums") [Picnik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picnik "Picnik") [Pixel Camera](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Camera "Pixel Camera") [Play](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play "Google Play") [Play Books](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Books "Google Play Books") [Play Games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Games "Google Play Games") [Play Music](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Music "Google Play Music") [Play Newsstand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Newsstand "Google Play Newsstand") [Play Pass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Pass "Google Play Pass") [Play Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Services "Google Play Services") [Podcasts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Podcasts "Google Podcasts") [Poly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poly_\(website\) "Poly (website)") [Postini](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postini "Postini") [PostRank](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostRank "PostRank") [Primer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Primer "Google Primer") [Public Alerts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Public_Alerts "Google Public Alerts") [Public Data Explorer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Public_Data_Explorer "Google Public Data Explorer") \| \| Q \| [Question Hub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Question_Hub "Google Question Hub") [Quick, Draw\!](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quick,_Draw! "Quick, Draw!") [Quick Search Box](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Quick_Search_Box "Google Quick Search Box") [Quick Share](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quick_Share "Quick Share") [Quickoffice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quickoffice "Quickoffice") \| \| R \| [Read Along](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_Along "Read Along") [Reader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Reader "Google Reader") [Reply](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reply_\(Google\) "Reply (Google)") \| \| S \| [Safe Browsing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Safe_Browsing "Google Safe Browsing") [SageTV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SageTV "SageTV") [Santa Tracker](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Santa_Tracker "Google Santa Tracker") [Schemer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Schemer "Google Schemer") [Scholar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Scholar "Google Scholar") [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Search "Google Search") [AI Overviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Overviews "AI Overviews") [Knowledge Graph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Graph_\(Google\) "Knowledge Graph (Google)") [SafeSearch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SafeSearch "SafeSearch") [Searchwiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_SearchWiki "Google SearchWiki") [Sheets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Sheets "Google Sheets") [Shoploop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoploop "Shoploop") [Shopping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Shopping "Google Shopping") [Sidewiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Sidewiki "Google Sidewiki") [Sites](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Sites "Google Sites") [Slides](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Slides "Google Slides") [Snapseed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snapseed "Snapseed") [Socratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_\(Google\) "Socratic (Google)") [Softcard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softcard "Softcard") [Songza](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songza "Songza") [Sound Amplifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_Amplifier "Sound Amplifier") [Spaces](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Spaces "Google Spaces") [Sparrow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrow_\(chatbot\) "Sparrow (chatbot)") (chatbot) [Sparrow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparrow_\(email_client\) "Sparrow (email client)") (email client) [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis "Speech Recognition & Synthesis") [Squared](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Squared "Google Squared") [Stadia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Stadia "Google Stadia") [Station](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Station "Google Station") [Store](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Store "Google Store") [Street View](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View "Google Street View") [Surveys](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Surveys "Google Surveys") [Sync](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Sync "Google Sync") \| \| T \| [Tables](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tables_\(Google\) "Tables (Google)") [Talk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Talk "Google Talk") [TalkBack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TalkBack "TalkBack") [Tasks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tasks "Google Tasks") [Tenor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenor_\(website\) "Tenor (website)") [Tez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tez_\(software\) "Tez (software)") [Tilt Brush](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilt_Brush "Tilt Brush") [Toolbar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Toolbar "Google Toolbar") [Toontastic 3D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toontastic_3D "Toontastic 3D") [Translate]() [Travel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Travel "Google Travel") [Trendalyzer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trendalyzer "Trendalyzer") [Trends](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Trends "Google Trends") [TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_TV_\(service\) "Google TV (service)") \| \| U \| [URL Shortener](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_URL_Shortener "Google URL Shortener") \| \| V \| [Video](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Video "Google Video") [Vids](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Vids "Google Vids") [Voice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Voice "Google Voice") [Voice Access](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_Access "Voice Access") [Voice Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Voice_Search "Google Voice Search") \| \| W \| [Wallet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Wallet "Google Wallet") [Wave](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Wave "Google Wave") [Waze](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waze "Waze") [WDYL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDYL_\(search_engine\) "WDYL (search engine)") [Web Light](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Web_Light "Google Web Light") [Where Is My Train](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Where_Is_My_Train "Where Is My Train") [Widevine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widevine "Widevine") [Wiz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiz,_Inc. "Wiz, Inc.") [Word Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Lens "Word Lens") [Workspace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Workspace "Google Workspace") [Workspace Marketplace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Workspace_Marketplace "Google Workspace Marketplace") \| \| Y \| [YouTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube "YouTube") [YouTube Kids](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Kids "YouTube Kids") [YouTube Music](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Music "YouTube Music") [YouTube Premium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Premium "YouTube Premium") [YouTube Shorts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Shorts "YouTube Shorts") [YouTube Studio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Studio "YouTube Studio") [YouTube TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_TV "YouTube TV") [YouTube VR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_VR "YouTube VR") \| \| Hardware \| \| \| \| \| \| [Pixel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pixel "Google Pixel") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Smartphones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Pixel_smartphones "Comparison of Google Pixel smartphones") \| [Pixel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_\(1st_generation\) "Pixel (1st generation)") (2016) [Pixel 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_2 "Pixel 2") (2017) [Pixel 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_3 "Pixel 3") (2018) [Pixel 3a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_3a "Pixel 3a") (2019) [Pixel 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_4 "Pixel 4") (2019) [Pixel 4a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_4a "Pixel 4a") (2020) [Pixel 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_5 "Pixel 5") (2020) [Pixel 5a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_5a "Pixel 5a") (2021) [Pixel 6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_6 "Pixel 6") (2021) [Pixel 6a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_6a "Pixel 6a") (2022) [Pixel 7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_7 "Pixel 7") (2022) [Pixel 7a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_7a "Pixel 7a") (2023) [Pixel Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Fold "Pixel Fold") (2023) [Pixel 8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_8 "Pixel 8") (2023) [Pixel 8a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_8a "Pixel 8a") (2024) [Pixel 9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9 "Pixel 9") (2024) [Pixel 9 Pro Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold "Pixel 9 Pro Fold") (2024) [Pixel 9a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9a "Pixel 9a") (2025) [Pixel 10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_10 "Pixel 10") (2025) [Pixel 10 Pro Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_10_Pro_Fold "Pixel 10 Pro Fold") (2025) \| \| Smartwatches \| [Pixel Watch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Watch "Pixel Watch") (2022) [Pixel Watch 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Watch_2 "Pixel Watch 2") (2023) [Pixel Watch 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Watch_3 "Pixel Watch 3") (2024) [Pixel Watch 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Watch_4 "Pixel Watch 4") (2025) \| \| Tablets \| [Pixel C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_C "Pixel C") (2015) [Pixel Slate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Slate "Pixel Slate") (2018) [Pixel Tablet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Tablet "Pixel Tablet") (2023) \| \| Laptops \| [Chromebook Pixel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromebook_Pixel "Chromebook Pixel") (2013–2015) [Pixelbook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixelbook "Pixelbook") (2017) [Pixelbook Go](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixelbook_Go "Pixelbook Go") (2019) \| \| Other \| [Pixel Buds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Buds "Pixel Buds") (2017–present) \| \| [Nexus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nexus "Google Nexus") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Smartphones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_smartphones "Comparison of Google Nexus smartphones") \| [Nexus One](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_One "Nexus One") (2010) [Nexus S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_S "Nexus S") (2010) [Galaxy Nexus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus "Galaxy Nexus") (2011) [Nexus 4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_4 "Nexus 4") (2012) [Nexus 5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_5 "Nexus 5") (2013) [Nexus 6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_6 "Nexus 6") (2014) [Nexus 5X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_5X "Nexus 5X") (2015) [Nexus 6P](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_6P "Nexus 6P") (2015) \| \| [Tablets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_tablets "Comparison of Google Nexus tablets") \| [Nexus 7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_7_\(2012\) "Nexus 7 (2012)") (2012) [Nexus 10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_10 "Nexus 10") (2012) [Nexus 7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_7_\(2013\) "Nexus 7 (2013)") (2013) [Nexus 9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_9 "Nexus 9") (2014) \| \| Other \| [Nexus Q](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_Q "Nexus Q") (2012) [Nexus Player](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_Player "Nexus Player") (2014) \| \| Other \| [Android Dev Phone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Dev_Phone "Android Dev Phone") [Android One](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_One "Android One") [Cardboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cardboard "Google Cardboard") [Chromebit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromebit "Chromebit") [Chromebook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromebook "Chromebook") [Chromebox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromebox "Chromebox") [Chromecast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromecast "Chromecast") [Clips](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Clips "Google Clips") [Daydream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Daydream "Google Daydream") [Fitbit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Fitbit_products "List of Fitbit products") [Glass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Glass "Google Glass") [Liftware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liftware "Liftware") [Liquid Galaxy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy "Liquid Galaxy") [Nest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nest "Google Nest") [smart speakers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nest_\(smart_speakers\) "Google Nest (smart speakers)") [Thermostat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nest_Thermostat "Nest Thermostat") [Wifi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nest_Wifi "Nest Wifi") [Play Edition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices "List of Google Play edition devices") [Project Ara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Ara "Project Ara") [OnHub](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_OnHub "Google OnHub") [Pixel Visual Core](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Visual_Core "Pixel Visual Core") [Project Iris](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Iris "Project Iris") [Search Appliance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Search_Appliance "Google Search Appliance") [Sycamore processor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore_processor "Sycamore processor") [Tensor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Tensor "Google Tensor") [Tensor Processing Unit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_Processing_Unit "Tensor Processing Unit") [Titan Security Key](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_Security_Key "Titan Security Key") \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Google_litigation "Template:Google litigation") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Google_litigation "Template talk:Google litigation") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_litigation "Special:EditPage/Template:Google litigation")[Litigation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_litigation "Google litigation") \| \| \| Advertising \| [Feldman v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldman_v._Google,_Inc. "Feldman v. Google, Inc.") (2007) [Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc. "Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.") (2009) [Goddard v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc. "Goddard v. Google, Inc.") (2009) [Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta_Stone_Ltd._v._Google,_Inc. "Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.") (2012) [Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc. "Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.") (2017) [Jedi Blue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jedi_Blue "Jedi Blue") \| \| Antitrust \| [European Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitrust_cases_against_Google_by_the_European_Union "Antitrust cases against Google by the European Union") (2010–present) [United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation "High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation") (2011) [Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar_Javeed,_Sukarma_Thapar,_Aaqib_Javeed_vs._Google_LLC_and_Ors. "Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.") (2019) [United States v. Google LLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_\(2020\) "United States v. Google LLC (2020)") (2020) [Epic Games v. Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google "Epic Games v. Google") (2021) [United States v. Google LLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_\(2023\) "United States v. Google LLC (2023)") (2023) \| \| Intellectual property \| [Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc. "Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.") (2007) [Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viacom_International,_Inc._v._YouTube,_Inc. "Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.") (2010) [Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz_v._Universal_Music_Corp. "Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.")(2015) [Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._Google,_Inc. "Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.") (2015) [Field v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_v._Google,_Inc. "Field v. Google, Inc.") (2016) [Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc. "Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.") (2021) [Smartphone patent wars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars "Smartphone patent wars") \| \| Privacy \| [Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Bank_v._Google,_Inc. "Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.") (2009) [Hibnick v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibnick_v._Google,_Inc. "Hibnick v. Google, Inc.") (2010) [United States v. Google Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Google_Inc. "United States v. Google Inc.") (2012) [Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judgement_of_the_German_Federal_Court_of_Justice_on_Google%27s_autocomplete_function "Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function") (2013) [Joffe v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joffe_v._Google,_Inc. "Joffe v. Google, Inc.") (2013) [Mosley v SARL Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosley_v_SARL_Google "Mosley v SARL Google") (2013) [Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez "Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González") (2014) [Frank v. Gaos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_v._Gaos "Frank v. Gaos") (2019) \| \| Other \| [Garcia v. Google, Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garcia_v._Google,_Inc. "Garcia v. Google, Inc.") (2015) [Google LLC v Defteros](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_LLC_v_Defteros "Google LLC v Defteros") (2020) [Gonzalez v. Google LLC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalez_v._Google_LLC "Gonzalez v. Google LLC") (2022) \| \| Related \| \| \| \| \| \| Concepts \| [Beauty YouTuber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_YouTuber "Beauty YouTuber") [BookTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BookTube "BookTube") [BreadTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BreadTube "BreadTube") "[Don't be evil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_be_evil "Don't be evil")" [Gayglers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayglers "Gayglers") [Google as a verb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_\(verb\) "Google (verb)") [Google bombing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_bombing "Google bombing") [2004 U.S. presidential election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_Google_bombs_in_the_2004_U.S._presidential_election "Political Google bombs in the 2004 U.S. presidential election") [Google effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_effect "Google effect") [Googlefight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlefight "Googlefight") [Google hacking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_hacking "Google hacking") [Googleshare](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googleshare "Googleshare") [Google tax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_tax "Google tax") [Googlewhack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlewhack "Googlewhack") [Googlization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googlization "Googlization") [Illegal flower tribute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_flower_tribute "Illegal flower tribute") [Objectives and key results](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objectives_and_key_results "Objectives and key results") [Rooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooting_\(Android\) "Rooting (Android)") [Search engine manipulation effect](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_manipulation_effect "Search engine manipulation effect") [Side project time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_project_time "Side project time") [Sitelink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitelink "Sitelink") [Site reliability engineering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_reliability_engineering "Site reliability engineering") [StudyTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StudyTube "StudyTube") [VTuber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTuber "VTuber") [YouTube Poop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_Poop "YouTube Poop") [YouTuber](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber "YouTuber") [list](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_YouTubers "List of YouTubers") \| \| Products \| \| \| \| \| \| Android \| [Booting process](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices "Booting process of Android devices") [Custom distributions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions "List of custom Android distributions") [Features](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_features_in_Android "List of features in Android") [Recovery mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_recovery_mode "Android recovery mode") [Software development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_software_development "Android software development") \| \| [Street View coverage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_coverage "Google Street View coverage") \| [Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Africa "Google Street View in Africa") [Antarctica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Antarctica "Google Street View in Antarctica") [Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Asia "Google Street View in Asia") [Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Israel "Google Street View in Israel") [Europe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Europe "Google Street View in Europe") [North America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_North_America "Google Street View in North America") [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Canada "Google Street View in Canada") [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_the_United_States "Google Street View in the United States") [Oceania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Oceania "Google Street View in Oceania") [South America](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_South_America "Google Street View in South America") [Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Argentina "Google Street View in Argentina") [Chile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Chile "Google Street View in Chile") [Colombia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Colombia "Google Street View in Colombia") \| \| YouTube \| [Copyright strike](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_copyright_strike "YouTube copyright strike") [Education](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_in_education "YouTube in education") [Features](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_YouTube_features "List of YouTube features") [Moderation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_moderation "YouTube moderation") [Most-disliked videos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-disliked_YouTube_videos "List of most-disliked YouTube videos") [Most-liked videos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-liked_YouTube_videos "List of most-liked YouTube videos") [Most-subscribed channels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-subscribed_YouTube_channels "List of most-subscribed YouTube channels") [Most-viewed channels](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-viewed_YouTube_channels "List of most-viewed YouTube channels") [Most-viewed videos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-viewed_YouTube_videos "List of most-viewed YouTube videos") [Official channel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_\(YouTube_channel\) "YouTube (YouTube channel)") [Social impact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_impact_of_YouTube "Social impact of YouTube") [YouTube Premium original programming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_YouTube_Premium_original_programming "List of YouTube Premium original programming") \| \| Other \| [Gmail interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmail_interface "Gmail interface") [Maps pin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Maps_pin "Google Maps pin") [Most downloaded Google Play applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-downloaded_Google_Play_applications "List of most-downloaded Google Play applications") [Stadia games](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Stadia_games "List of Stadia games") \| \| [Documentaries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Documentary_films_about_Google "Category:Documentary films about Google") \| [AlphaGo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_\(film\) "AlphaGo (film)") [Google: Behind the Screen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Behind_the_Screen "Google Behind the Screen") [Google Maps Road Trip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Maps_Road_Trip "Google Maps Road Trip") [Google and the World Brain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_and_the_World_Brain "Google and the World Brain") [The Creepy Line](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Creepy_Line "The Creepy Line") \| \| [Books](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Books_about_Google "Category:Books about Google") \| [Google Hacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Hacks "Google Hacks") [The Google Story](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Google_Story "The Google Story") [Googled: The End of the World as We Know It](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googled:_The_End_of_the_World_as_We_Know_It "Googled: The End of the World as We Know It") [How Google Works](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Google_Works "How Google Works") [I'm Feeling Lucky](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27m_Feeling_Lucky_\(book\) "I'm Feeling Lucky (book)") [In the Plex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Plex "In the Plex") [The MANIAC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_MANIAC "The MANIAC") \| \| Popular culture \| [Google Feud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Feud "Google Feud") [Google Me](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Me_\(film\) "Google Me (film)") (film) "[Google Me](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Me_\(Kim_Zolciak_song\) "Google Me (Kim Zolciak song)")" (Kim Zolciak song) "[Google Me](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Me_\(Teyana_Taylor_song\) "Google Me (Teyana Taylor song)")" (Teyana Taylor song) [Is Google Making Us Stupid?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is_Google_Making_Us_Stupid%3F "Is Google Making Us Stupid?") [Proceratium google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceratium_google "Proceratium google") [Matt Nathanson: Live at Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Nathanson:_Live_at_Google "Matt Nathanson: Live at Google") [The Billion Dollar Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Billion_Dollar_Code "The Billion Dollar Code") [The Internship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Internship "The Internship") [Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Where_on_Google_Earth_is_Carmen_Sandiego%3F "Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?") \| \| Other \| "[Attention Is All You Need](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_Is_All_You_Need "Attention Is All You Need")" [elgooG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElgooG "ElgooG") [Generative pre-trained transformer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_pre-trained_transformer "Generative pre-trained transformer") "[Me at the zoo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me_at_the_zoo "Me at the zoo")" [Predictions of the end](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictions_of_the_end_of_Google "Predictions of the end of Google") [Relationship with Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia "Relationship between Google and Wikipedia") "[Reunion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reunion_\(advertisement\) "Reunion (advertisement)")" [Robot Constitution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Constitution "Robot Constitution") \| \| Italics denote [discontinued products](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_products#Discontinued_products_and_services "List of Google products"). ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) [Category](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Google "Category:Google") ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png) [Outline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Google "Outline of Google") \| \| \| [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Android_\(operating_system\) "Template:Android (operating system)") [t](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Android_\(operating_system\) "Template talk:Android (operating system)") [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Android_\(operating_system\) "Special:EditPage/Template:Android (operating system)")[Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [Android Go](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Go "Android Go") [Comparison of products](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products "Comparison of Android Go products") \| \| \| [Software development](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_software_development "Android software development") \| \| \| \| \| \| [Development tools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_tool "Programming tool") \| \| \| \| \| \| Official \| [Android Runtime](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Runtime "Android Runtime") (ART) [Software development kit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_SDK "Android SDK") (SDK) [Android Debug Bridge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge "Android Debug Bridge") (ADB) [Fastboot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastboot "Fastboot") [Android App Bundle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_App_Bundle "Android App Bundle") [Android application package](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apk_\(file_format\) "Apk (file format)") (APK) [Bionic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_\(software\) "Bionic (software)") [Dalvik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalvik_\(software\) "Dalvik (software)") [Firebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase "Firebase") [Google Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging "Google Cloud Messaging") (GCM) [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging "Firebase Cloud Messaging") (FCM) [Google Mobile Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services "Google Mobile Services") (GMS) [Jetpack Compose](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetpack_Compose "Jetpack Compose") [Native development kit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_NDK "Android NDK") (NDK) [Open accessory development kit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_software_development#Android_Open_Accessory_Development_Kit "Android software development") (OADK) [RenderScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RenderScript "RenderScript") [Skia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine "Skia Graphics Engine") [AdMob](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AdMob "AdMob") [Material Design](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_Design "Material Design") [Fonts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Font "Font") [Droid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droid_\(typeface\) "Droid (typeface)") [Roboto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboto "Roboto") [Noto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noto_fonts "Noto fonts") [Google Developers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Developers "Google Developers") \| \| Other \| [OpenBinder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenBinder "OpenBinder") [Apache Harmony](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Harmony "Apache Harmony") [OpenJDK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenJDK "OpenJDK") [Gradle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradle "Gradle") [GSON](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSON "GSON") \| \| [Integrated development environments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment "Integrated development environment") (IDE) \| [Android Studio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Studio "Android Studio") [IntelliJ IDEA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IntelliJ_IDEA "IntelliJ IDEA") [Eclipse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_\(software\) "Eclipse (software)") [Android Development Tools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_\(software\)#Android_Development_Tools "Eclipse (software)") (ADT) [MIT App Inventor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_App_Inventor "MIT App Inventor") \| \| [Languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language "Programming language"), [databases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database "Database") \| [Java](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_\(programming_language\) "Java (programming language)") [Kotlin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlin "Kotlin") [XML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML "XML") [KML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KML "KML") [C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_\(programming_language\) "C (programming language)") [C++](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B "C++") [SQLite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite "SQLite") \| \| [Augmented reality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality "Augmented reality") and [virtual reality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_reality "Virtual reality") \| [Android XR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_XR "Android XR") [Cardboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cardboard "Google Cardboard") [Daydream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Daydream "Google Daydream") \| \| Events, [communities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice "Community of practice") \| [Google I/O](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_I/O "Google I/O") [Developer Challenge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge "Android Developer Challenge") [Developer Lab](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab "Android Developer Lab") [Android Open Source Project](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\)#Development "Android (operating system)") (AOSP) \| \| [Releases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_version_history "Android version history") \| [Cupcake (1.5)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Cupcake "Android Cupcake") [Donut (1.6)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Donut "Android Donut") [Eclair (2.0–2.1)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Eclair "Android Eclair") [Froyo (2.2)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Froyo "Android Froyo") [Gingerbread (2.3)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Gingerbread "Android Gingerbread") [Honeycomb (3.x)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Honeycomb "Android Honeycomb") [Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich "Android Ice Cream Sandwich") [Jelly Bean (4.1–4.3)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean "Android Jelly Bean") [KitKat (4.4)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_KitKat "Android KitKat") [Lollipop (5.x)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Lollipop "Android Lollipop") [Marshmallow (6.x)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Marshmallow "Android Marshmallow") [Nougat (7.x)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Nougat "Android Nougat") [Oreo (8.x)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Oreo "Android Oreo") [Pie (9)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Pie "Android Pie") [10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_10 "Android 10") [11](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_11 "Android 11") [12](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_12 "Android 12") [13](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_13 "Android 13") [14](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_14 "Android 14") [15](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_15 "Android 15") [16](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_16 "Android 16") \| \| Derivatives \| [Android Automotive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Automotive "Android Automotive") [Android Things](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Things "Android Things") [TV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_TV "Android TV") [devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Android_TV_devices "List of Android TV devices") [Android XR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_XR "Android XR") [Wear OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wear_OS "Wear OS") \| \| Devices \| \| \| \| \| \| [Pixel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pixel "Google Pixel") \| [C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_C "Pixel C") [Pixel & Pixel XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_\(1st_generation\) "Pixel (1st generation)") [2 & 2 XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_2 "Pixel 2") [3 & 3 XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_3 "Pixel 3") [3a & 3a XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_3a "Pixel 3a") [4 & 4 XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_4 "Pixel 4") [4a & 4a (5G)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_4a "Pixel 4a") [5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_5 "Pixel 5") [5a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_5a "Pixel 5a") [6 & 6 Pro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_6 "Pixel 6") [6a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_6a "Pixel 6a") [7 & 7 Pro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_7 "Pixel 7") [7a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_7a "Pixel 7a") [Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Fold "Pixel Fold") [Tablet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Tablet "Pixel Tablet") [8 & 8 Pro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_8 "Pixel 8") [8a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_8a "Pixel 8a") [9, 9 Pro & 9 Pro XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9 "Pixel 9") [9 Pro Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold "Pixel 9 Pro Fold") [9a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_9a "Pixel 9a") [10, 10 Pro & 10 Pro XL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_10 "Pixel 10") [10 Pro Fold](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_10_Pro_Fold "Pixel 10 Pro Fold") [10a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_10a "Pixel 10a") \| \| [Nexus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nexus "Google Nexus") \| [One](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_One "Nexus One") [S](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_S "Nexus S") [Galaxy Nexus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus "Galaxy Nexus") [4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_4 "Nexus 4") [10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_10 "Nexus 10") [Q](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_Q "Nexus Q") [5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_5 "Nexus 5") [5X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_5X "Nexus 5X") [6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_6 "Nexus 6") [6P](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_6P "Nexus 6P") 7 [2012](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_7_\(2012\) "Nexus 7 (2012)") [2013](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_7_\(2013\) "Nexus 7 (2013)") [9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_9 "Nexus 9") [Player](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexus_Player "Nexus Player") \| \| [Play edition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices "List of Google Play edition devices") \| [HTC One (M7)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTC_One_\(M7\) "HTC One (M7)") [HTC One (M8)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTC_One_\(M8\) "HTC One (M8)") [LG G Pad 8.3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LG_G_Pad_8.3 "LG G Pad 8.3") [Moto G](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moto_G_\(1st_generation\) "Moto G (1st generation)") [Samsung Galaxy S4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S4 "Samsung Galaxy S4") [Sony Xperia Z Ultra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Xperia_Z_Ultra "Sony Xperia Z Ultra") \| \| [Android One](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_One "Android One") [other smartphones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Android_smartphones "List of Android smartphones") \| \| \| [Custom distributions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions "List of custom Android distributions") \| [AliOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AliOS "AliOS") [Android-x86](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android-x86 "Android-x86") [Remix OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remix_OS "Remix OS") [AOKP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AOKP "AOKP") [Baidu Yi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baidu_Yi "Baidu Yi") [Barnes & Noble Nook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook "Barnes & Noble Nook") [CalyxOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CalyxOS "CalyxOS") [ColorOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColorOS "ColorOS") [OxygenOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OxygenOS "OxygenOS") [realme UI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realme "Realme") [CopperheadOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CopperheadOS "CopperheadOS") [EMUI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMUI "EMUI") [MagicOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor_\(brand\) "Honor (brand)") [Fire OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_OS "Fire OS") [Flyme OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meizu#Flyme "Meizu") [GrapheneOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GrapheneOS "GrapheneOS") [LeWa OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeWa_OS "LeWa OS") [LineageOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LineageOS "LineageOS") [/e/](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//e/_\(operating_system\) "/e/ (operating system)") [CrDroid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CrDroid "CrDroid") [CyanogenMod](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CyanogenMod "CyanogenMod") [DivestOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DivestOS "DivestOS") [iodéOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS "IodéOS") [Kali NetHunter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_NetHunter "Kali NetHunter") [LiteOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiteOS "LiteOS") [Meta Horizon OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta_Horizon_OS "Meta Horizon OS") [MicroG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroG "MicroG") [Nokia X software platform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia_X_family#Nokia_X_software_platform "Nokia X family") [OmniROM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OmniROM "OmniROM") [OPhone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPhone "OPhone") [PixelExperience](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PixelExperience "PixelExperience") [Pixel UI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_\(Pixel_Launcher\) "Google Pixel") [Replicant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicant_\(operating_system\) "Replicant (operating system)") [Resurrection Remix OS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS "Resurrection Remix OS") [SlimRoms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SlimRoms "SlimRoms") [TCL UI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCL_Technology "TCL Technology") [Ubuntu for Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch#Ubuntu_for_Android "Ubuntu Touch") [Xiaomi HyperOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaomi_HyperOS "Xiaomi HyperOS") [MIUI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIUI "MIUI") [XobotOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XobotOS "XobotOS") [ZUI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenovo_smartphones "Lenovo smartphones") \| \| Booting and recovery \| [Booting process](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices "Booting process of Android devices") [Recovery mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_recovery_mode "Android recovery mode") [TWRP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TWRP_\(software\) "TWRP (software)") [ClockworkMod](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClockworkMod "ClockworkMod") [Fastboot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastboot "Fastboot") \| \| [APIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API "API") \| [Google Maps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Maps "Google Maps") [Google Play Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Services "Google Play Services") [SafetyNet/Play Integrity 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Readable Markdown	\| \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Google_Translate_logo.svg/120px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) \| \| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Google_Translate_screenshot.png/330px-Google_Translate_screenshot.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_screenshot.png)Google Translate website homepage \| \| \| Type of site \| [Neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") \| \| Available in \| 249 languages; see [below](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) \| \| Owner \| [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") \| \| URL \| [translate.google.com](https://translate.google.com/) \| \| Commercial \| Yes \| \| Registration \| Optional \| \| [Users](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registered_user "Registered user") \| Over 500 million people daily \| \| Launched \| April 28, 2006; 19 years ago (as [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation"))[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) November 15, 2016; 9 years ago (as [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation"))[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) \| \| Current status \| Active \| Google Translate is a [multilingual](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilingualism "Multilingualism") [neural](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") [machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation "Machine translation") service developed by [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") to [translate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation "Translation") text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a [website interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application "Web application"), a [mobile app](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app "Mobile app") for [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS"), and an [API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API "API") that helps developers build [browser extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_extension "Browser extension") and [software applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software "Application software").[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-translations_made_simple-3) As of April 2026, Google Translate supports 249 languages and language varieties at various levels.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4)[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_110_new_languages-5) It served over 200 million people daily in May 2013,[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_200_million_people-6) and over 500 million total users as of April 2016,[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_ten_years_of_Google_Translate-7) with more than 100 billion words translated daily. Launched in April 2006 as a [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") service, it originally used [United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations "United Nations") and [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") documents and transcripts to gather linguistic data. Rather than translating languages directly, it first translated text to English and then pivoted to the target language in most of the language combinations it posited in its grid,[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8) with a few exceptions including Catalan–Spanish.[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Catalan_to_Spanish_translations-9) During a translation, it looked for patterns in millions of documents to help decide which words to choose and how to arrange them in the target language. In recent years, it has used a [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning") model to power its translations. Its accuracy, which has been criticized\[[by whom?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions "Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch")\] on several occasions,[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hofstadter,_Douglas-10) has been measured to vary greatly across languages.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) In November 2016, Google announced that Google Translate would switch to a [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") engine – [Google Neural Machine Translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation "Google Neural Machine Translation") (GNMT) – which translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar".[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) History Google Translate is a web-based free-to-use translation service developed by Google in April 2006.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) It translates multiple forms of texts and media such as words, phrases and webpages. Originally, Google Translate was released as a [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") (SMT) service.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) The input text had to be translated into English first before being translated into the selected language.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) Since SMT uses predictive [algorithms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm "Algorithm") to translate text, it had poor grammatical accuracy. Despite this, Google initially did not hire experts to resolve this limitation due to the ever-evolving nature of language.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) In January 2010, Google introduced an [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") app and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS") version in February 2011 to serve as a portable personal interpreter.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) As of February 2010, it was integrated into browsers such as Chrome and was able to pronounce the translated text, automatically recognize words in a picture and spot unfamiliar text and languages.[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Sommerlad,_Joe-12) In May 2014, Google acquired [Word Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Lens "Word Lens") to improve the quality of visual and voice translation.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) It is able to scan text or a picture using the device and have it translated instantly. Moreover, the system [automatically identifies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_identification "Language identification") foreign languages and translates speech without requiring individuals to tap the microphone button whenever [speech translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_translation "Speech translation") is needed.[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) In November 2016, Google transitioned its translating method to a system called [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation").[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) It uses [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning") techniques to translate whole sentences at a time, which has been measured to be more accurate between English and French, German, Spanish, and Chinese.[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15) No measurement results have been provided by Google researchers for GNMT from English to other languages, other languages to English, or between language pairs that do not include English. As of 2018, it translates more than 100 billion words a day.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) In 2017, Google Translate was used during a court hearing when court officials at [Teesside](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teesside "Teesside") Magistrates' Court failed to book an interpreter for the Chinese defendant.[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Corcoran,_Kieran-16) A petition for Google to add [Cree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cree_language "Cree language") to Google Translate was created in 2021, but it was not one of the languages in development at the time of the Translate Community's closure.[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chidley-Hill,_John-17)[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Beattie,_Samantha-18) At the end of September 2022, Google Translate was discontinued in [mainland China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_China "Mainland China"), which Google said was due to "low usage".[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wiggers,_Kyle-19)[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Strumpf,_Dan-20) In 2024, a record of 110 languages including [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese"), [Tok Pisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Pisin "Tok Pisin") and some regional languages in [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia") including [Bashkir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language "Bashkir language"), [Chechen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language"), [Ossetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language") and [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") were added. The languages were added through the help of the [PaLM 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaLM_2 "PaLM 2") [Generative AI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_AI "Generative AI") model.[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Jibin,_Joseph-21)[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olga,_Kusikova-22) Functions Google Translate can translate multiple forms of text and media, which includes text, speech, and text within still or moving images.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) Specifically, its functions include: - Written Words Translation: a function that translates written words or text to a foreign language.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) - Website Translation: a function that translates a whole webpage to selected languages.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) - Document Translation: a function that translates a document uploaded by the users to selected languages. The documents should be in the form of: .doc, .docx, .odf, .pdf, .ppt, .pptx, .ps, .rtf, .txt, .xls, .xlsx.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) - Speech Translation: a function that instantly translates spoken language into the selected foreign language.[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) - Mobile App Translation: in 2018, Google introduced its new Google Translate feature called "Tap to Translate", which made instant translation accessible inside any app without exiting or switching it.[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_text_in_other_apps-28) - Image Translation: a function that identifies text in a picture taken by the users and translates text on the screen instantly by images.[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_images-29) - Handwritten Translation: a function that translates language that are handwritten on the phone screen or drawn on a virtual keyboard without the support of a keyboard.[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30) - Bilingual Conversation Translation: a function that translates conversations in multiple languages.[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_a_bilingual_conversation-31) - Transcription: a function that transcribes speech in different languages.[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Transcribe_in_Google_Translate-32) For most of its features, Google Translate provides the pronunciation, dictionary, and listening to translation. Additionally, Google Translate has introduced its own Translate app, so translation is available with a mobile phone in offline mode.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) Features [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a1/Google_translate_webpage.png/250px-Google_translate_webpage.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_translate_webpage.png) [English Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Wikipedia "English Wikipedia")'s homepage translated into [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") Web interface Google Translate produces approximations across languages of multiple forms of text and media, including text, speech, websites, or text on display in still or live video images.[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-About_Google_Translate-23)[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_Help-24) For some languages, Google Translate can synthesize speech from text,[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) and in certain pairs it is possible to highlight specific corresponding words and phrases between the source and target text. Results are sometimes shown with dictional information below the translation box, but it is not a dictionary[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-when_and_how_to_use_GT_dictionary-33) and has been shown to invent translations in all languages for words it does not recognize.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) If "Detect language" is selected, text in an unknown language can be automatically identified. In the web interface, users can suggest alternate translations, such as for technical terms, or correct mistakes. These suggestions may be included in future updates to the translation process. If a user enters a [URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL "URL") in the source text, Google Translate will produce a [hyperlink](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink "Hyperlink") to a machine translation of the website.[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_documents_and_webpages-26) Users can save translation proposals in a "phrasebook" for later use, and a shareable URL is generated for each translation.[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Save_translations-35)[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-AK,_Sony-36) For some languages, text can be entered via an [on-screen keyboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_keyboard "Virtual keyboard"), whether through [handwriting recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handwriting_recognition "Handwriting recognition") or [speech recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition "Speech recognition").[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_with_handwriting_or_virtual_keyboard-30)[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_by_speech-27) It is possible to enter searches in a source language that are first translated to a destination language allowing one to browse and interpret results from the selected destination language in the source language. Texts written in the [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_script "Arabic script"), [Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_script "Cyrillic script"), [Devanagari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari "Devanagari") and [Greek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet "Greek alphabet") scripts can be automatically transliterated from their phonetic equivalents written in the [Latin alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabet "Latin alphabet"). The browser version of Google Translate provides the option to show phonetic equivalents of text translated from Japanese to English. The same option is not available on the paid API version. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Google_English_accent_map.svg/250px-Google_English_accent_map.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_English_accent_map.svg) Accent of English that the "text-to-speech" audio of Google Translate of each country uses: British (Received Pronunciation) (female) General American (female) General Australian (female) Indian (female) No Google translate service Many of the more popular languages have a "text-to-speech" audio function that is able to read back a text in that language, up to several hundred words or so. In the case of [pluricentric languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluricentric_language "Pluricentric language"), the accent depends on the region: for English, in the [Americas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas "Americas"), most of the [Asia–Pacific](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific "Asia–Pacific") and [West Asia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Asia "West Asia"), the audio uses a female [General American](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_American_English "General American English") accent, whereas in Europe, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Guyana and all other parts of the world, a female [British](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_English "British English") ([Received Pronunciation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_Pronunciation "Received Pronunciation")) accent is used, except for a special [General Australian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_English "Australian English") accent used in Australia, New Zealand and Norfolk Island, and an [Indian English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_English "Indian English") accent used in India; for Spanish, in the [Americas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas "Americas"), a [Latin American](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas "Spanish language in the Americas") accent is used, while in other parts of the world, a [Castilian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castilian_Spanish "Castilian Spanish") accent is used; for [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language"), a [Quebec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec_French "Quebec French") accent is used in Canada, while in other parts of the world, a [standard European accent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_French "Standard French") is used; for [Bengali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language"), a male Bangladeshi accent is used, except in India, where a special female Indian Bengali accent is used instead. Until March 2023, some less widely spoken languages used the open-source [eSpeak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESpeak "ESpeak") synthesizer for their speech; producing a robotic, awkward voice that may be difficult to understand. Browser integration Google Translate is available in some [web browsers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser "Web browser") as an optional downloadable [extension](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_extension "Browser extension") that can run the translation engine, which allow right-click command access to the translation service.[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Firefox-37)[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chrome_Web_Store-38)[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Baldwin,_Roberto-39) In February 2010, Google Translate was integrated into the [Google Chrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome "Google Chrome") browser by default, for optional automatic webpage translation.[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Brinkmann,_Martin-40)[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-TechWhack_Google_Chrome_Translate-41)[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wauters,_Robin-42) Mobile app \| Google Translate \| \| \|---\|---\| \| [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Google_Translate_logo.svg/250px-Google_Translate_logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_logo.svg) \| \| \| Screenshot [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/19/Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Google_Translate_for_Android_screenshot.png) A screenshot of the Android app of Google Translate \| \| \| [Developer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmer "Programmer") \| [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") \| \| Initial release \| January 1, 2010; 16 years ago (for Android) February 8, 2011; 15 years ago (for iOS) \| \| [Stable release(s)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle "Software release life cycle") [\[±\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Google_Translate?action=edit) \| \| \| \| \| \| Android \| 10\.1.35 (Build 855527520) / 13 January 2026; 2 months ago[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-43)[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-44) \| \| iOS \| 10\.2.280 / 20 January 2026; 2 months ago[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-45) \| \| Google Chrome, discontinued \| 2\.0.16 / 5 September 2024; 18 months ago[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-46) \| \| [Platform](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_platform "Computing platform") \| [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") [6\.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Marshmallow "Android Marshmallow") and later [iOS 12](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_12 "IOS 12").4 and later \| \| [Size](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_size "File size") \| 37\.44 [MB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megabyte "Megabyte") (Android) 177\.4 MB (iOS) \| \| Available in \| 249 languages; see [below](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#Supported_languages) \| \| [Type](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches "Software categories") \| [Neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") \| \| Website \| [translate.google.com/m?hl=en](https://translate.google.com/m?hl=en) \| The Google Translate app for [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\) "Android (operating system)") and [iOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS "IOS") supports 249 languages and can propose translations for 37 languages via photo, 32 via voice in "conversation mode", and 27 via live video imagery in "augmented reality mode".[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48) The Android app was released in January 2010, and for iOS on February 8, 2011,[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Zhu,_Wenzhang-49) after an [HTML5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5 "HTML5") [web application](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application "Web application") was released for iOS users in August 2008.[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hutchinson,_Allen-50) The Android app is compatible with devices running at least Android 2.1, while the iOS app is compatible with [iPod Touches](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod_Touch "IPod Touch"), [iPads](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad "IPad") and [iPhones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone "IPhone") updated to iOS 7.0+.[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-iTunes-51) A January 2011 Android version experimented with a "Conversation Mode" that aims to allow users to communicate fluidly with a nearby person in another language.[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hachman,_Mark-52) Originally limited to English and Spanish, the feature received support for 12 new languages, still in testing, the following October.[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-53)[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-54)[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-55) The 'Camera input' functionality allows users to take a photograph of a document, signboard, etc. Google Translate recognises the text from the image using [optical character recognition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition "Optical character recognition") (OCR) technology and gives the translation. Camera input is not available for all languages. In January 2015, the apps gained the ability to propose translations of physical signs in real time using the device's camera, as a result of Google's acquisition of the [Word Lens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Lens "Word Lens") app.[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_hello-56)[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Russell,_Jon-57)[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Petrovan,_Bogdan-13) The original January launch only supported seven languages, but a July update added support for 20 new languages, with the release of a new implementation that utilizes [convolutional neural networks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network "Convolutional neural network"), and also enhanced the speed and quality of Conversation Mode translations ([augmented reality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality "Augmented reality")).[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_see_the_world-47)[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Setalvad,_Ariha-48)[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Good,_Otavio-58)[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gush,_Andrew-59)[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Olanoff,_Drew-60) The feature was subsequently renamed Instant Camera. The technology underlying Instant Camera combines image processing and optical character recognition, then attempts to produce cross-language equivalents using standard Google Translate estimations for the text as it is perceived.[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-instant_camera_translation-61) On May 11, 2016, Google introduced Tap to Translate for Google Translate for Android. Upon highlighting text in an app that is in a foreign language, Translate will pop up inside of the app and offer translations.[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kastrenakes,_Jacob-62) API On May 26, 2011, Google announced that the Google Translate [API](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API "API") for [software developers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development "Software development") had been deprecated and would cease functioning.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_Google_to_shut_down_Translate_API-65) The Translate API page stated the reason as "substantial economic burden caused by extensive abuse" with an end date set for December 1, 2011.[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Google_Translate_API-66) In response to public pressure, Google announced in June 2011 that the API would continue to be available as a paid service.[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Code-63)[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Feldman,_Adam,_Google_Developers-64)[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-GTS_Blog,_to_start_charging_for_translations-67) Because the API was used in numerous third-party websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products.[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Wong,_George-68)[\[69\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Burnette,_Ed-69) Google Assistant Google Translate also provides translations for [Google Assistant](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Assistant "Google Assistant") and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as [Google Nest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Nest_\(smart_speakers\) "Google Nest (smart speakers)") and [Pixel Buds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel_Buds "Pixel Buds"). Supported languages As of April 2026, the following 249 languages, dialects and language varieties written in different scripts (240 unique languages and dialects) are supported by Google Translate.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-supported_languages-4) 1. [Abkhaz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhaz_language "Abkhaz language") 2. [Acehnese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acehnese_language "Acehnese language") 3. [Acholi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acholi_dialect "Acholi dialect") 4. [Afar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_language "Afar language") 5. [Afrikaans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans "Afrikaans") 6. [Albanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language "Albanian language") 7. [Alur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alur_language "Alur language") 8. [Amharic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic "Amharic") 9. [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic "Arabic") 10. [Armenian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_language "Armenian language") 11. [Assamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamese_language "Assamese language") 12. [Avar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avar_language "Avar language") 13. [Awadhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awadhi_language "Awadhi language") 14. [Aymara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language "Aymara language") 15. [Azerbaijani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_language "Azerbaijani language") 16. [Balinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_language "Balinese language") 17. [Baluchi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochi_language "Balochi language") 18. [Bambara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambara_language "Bambara language") 19. [Baoulé](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baoul%C3%A9_language "Baoulé language") 20. [Bashkir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkir_language "Bashkir language") 21. [Basque](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_language "Basque language") 22. [Batak Karo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Karo_language "Batak Karo language") 23. [Batak Simalungun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak_Simalungun_language "Batak Simalungun language") 24. [Batak Toba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_Batak_language "Toba Batak language") 25. [Belarusian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language") 26. [Bemba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bemba_language "Bemba language") 27. [Bengali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language") 28. [Betawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betawi_language "Betawi language") 29. [Bhojpuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhojpuri_language "Bhojpuri language") 30. [Bikol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bikol "Central Bikol") 31. [Bosnian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnian_language "Bosnian language") 32. [Breton](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_language "Breton language") 33. [Bulgarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_language "Bulgarian language") 34. [Buryat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buryat_language "Buryat language") 35. [Cantonese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") 36. [Catalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language "Catalan language") 37. [Cebuano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebuano_language "Cebuano language") 38. [Chamorro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamorro_language "Chamorro language") 39. [Chechen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chechen_language "Chechen language") 40. [Chichewa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewa_language "Chewa language") 41. [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Simplified](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters "Simplified Chinese characters")) 42. [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") ([Traditional](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters "Traditional Chinese characters")) 43. [Chuukese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuukese_language "Chuukese language") 44. [Chuvash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuvash_language "Chuvash language") 45. [Corsican](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language "Corsican language") 46. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Cyrillic "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 47. [Crimean Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language "Crimean Tatar language") ([Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet#Latin "Crimean Tatar alphabet")) 48. [Croatian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_language "Croatian language") 49. [Czech](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_language "Czech language") 50. [Danish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_language "Danish language") 51. [Dari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari "Dari") 52. [Dhivehi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldivian_language "Maldivian language") 53. [Dinka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinka_language "Dinka language") 54. [Dogri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogri_language "Dogri language") 55. [Dombe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga_language_\(Zambia_and_Zimbabwe\) "Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)") 56. [Dutch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language "Dutch language") 57. [Dyula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyula_language "Dyula language") 58. [Dzongkha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzongkha "Dzongkha") 59. [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language "English language") 60. [Esperanto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto "Esperanto") 61. [Estonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonian_language "Estonian language") 62. [Ewe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewe_language "Ewe language") 63. [Faroese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroese_language "Faroese language") 64. [Fijian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fijian_language "Fijian language") 65. [Filipino](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_language "Filipino language") 66. [Finnish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_language "Finnish language") 67. [Fon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fon_language "Fon language") 68. [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") 69. [French](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language "French language") ([Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_French "Canadian French")) 70. [Frisian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Frisian_language "West Frisian language") 71. [Friulian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friulian_language "Friulian language") 72. [Fulani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_language "Fula language") 73. [Ga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga_language "Ga language") 74. [Galician](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language "Galician language") 75. [Georgian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_language "Georgian language") 76. [German](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language "German language") 77. [Greek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language "Greek language") 78. [Guarani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarani_language "Guarani language") 79. [Gujarati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati_language "Gujarati language") 80. [Haitian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole "Haitian Creole") 81. [Hakha Chin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakha_Chin "Hakha Chin") 82. [Hausa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausa_language "Hausa language") 83. [Hawaiian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_language "Hawaiian language") 84. [Hebrew](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language "Hebrew language") 85. [Hiligaynon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiligaynon_language "Hiligaynon language") 86. [Hindi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi "Hindi") 87. [Hmong](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_language "Hmong language") 88. [Hungarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_language "Hungarian language") 89. [Hunsrik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunsrik "Hunsrik") 90. [Iban](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iban_language "Iban language") 91. [Icelandic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_language "Icelandic language") 92. [Igbo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_language "Igbo language") 93. [Ilocano](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocano_language "Ilocano language") 94. [Indonesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language "Indonesian language") 95. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") (Latin) 96. [Inuktut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut "Inuktitut") ([Syllabics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuktitut_syllabics "Inuktitut syllabics")) 97. [Irish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language "Irish language") 98. [Italian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_language "Italian language") 99. [Jamaican Patois](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_Patois "Jamaican Patois") 100. [Japanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_language "Japanese language") 101. [Javanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_language "Javanese language") 102. [Jingpo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingpo_language "Jingpo language") 103. [Kalaallisut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Greenlandic "West Greenlandic") 104. [Kannada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannada "Kannada") 105. [Kanuri](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanuri_language "Kanuri language") 106. [Kapampangan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapampangan_language "Kapampangan language") 107. [Kazakh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_language "Kazakh language") 108. [Khasi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khasi_language "Khasi language") 109. [Khmer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_language "Khmer language") 110. [Kiga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiga_language "Kiga language") 111. [Kikongo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_language "Kongo language") 112. [Kinyarwanda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinyarwanda "Kinyarwanda") 113. [Kituba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language "Kituba language") 114. [Kokborok](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokborok "Kokborok") 115. [Komi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komi_language "Komi language") 116. [Konkani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkani_language "Konkani language") 117. [Korean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language "Korean language") 118. [Krio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krio_language "Krio language") 119. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Kurmanji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmanji "Kurmanji")) 120. [Kurdish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_language "Kurdish language") ([Sorani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani "Sorani")) 121. [Kyrgyz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_language "Kyrgyz language") 122. [Lao](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_language "Lao language") 123. [Latgalian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latgalian_language "Latgalian language") 124. [Latin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin "Latin") 125. [Latvian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvian_language "Latvian language") 126. [Ligurian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligurian_language "Ligurian language") 127. [Limburgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limburgish "Limburgish") 128. [Lingala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala "Lingala") 129. [Lithuanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language "Lithuanian language") 130. [Lombard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lombard_language "Lombard language") 131. [Luganda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luganda "Luganda") 132. [Luo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholuo "Dholuo") 133. [Luxembourgish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourgish "Luxembourgish") 134. [Macedonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_language "Macedonian language") 135. [Madurese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madurese_language "Madurese language") 136. [Maithili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maithili_language "Maithili language") 137. [Makassar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassarese_language "Makassarese language") 138. [Malagasy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malagasy_language "Malagasy language") 139. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") 140. [Malay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_language "Malay language") ([Jawi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawi_script "Jawi script")) 141. [Malayalam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam "Malayalam") 142. [Maltese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltese_language "Maltese language") 143. [Mam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mam_language "Mam language") 144. [Manx](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manx_language "Manx language") 145. [Maori](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language "Māori language") 146. [Marathi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_language "Marathi language") 147. [Marshallese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshallese_language "Marshallese language") 148. [Marwadi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marwari_language "Marwari language") 149. [Mauritian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritian_Creole "Mauritian Creole") 150. [Meadow Mari](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow_Mari_language "Meadow Mari language") 151. [Meiteilon (Manipuri)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meitei_language "Meitei language") 152. [Minang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minangkabau_language "Minangkabau language") 153. [Mizo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizo_language "Mizo language") 154. [Mongolian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language "Mongolian language") 155. [Myanmar (Burmese)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language "Burmese language") 156. [Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huasteca_Nahuatl "Huasteca Nahuatl") 157. [Ndau](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndau_dialect "Ndau dialect") 158. [Ndebele (South)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language "Southern Ndebele language") 159. [Nepalbhasa (Newari)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar_language "Newar language") 160. [Nepali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepali_language "Nepali language") 161. [NKo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Ko_language "N'Ko language") 162. [Norwegian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_language "Norwegian language") ([Bokmål](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l "Bokmål")) 163. [Nuer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuer_language "Nuer language") 164. [Occitan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language "Occitan language") 165. [Odia (Oriya)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_language "Odia language") 166. [Oromo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_language "Oromo language") 167. [Ossetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossetian_language "Ossetian language") 168. [Pangasinan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangasinan_language "Pangasinan language") 169. [Papiamento](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiamento "Papiamento") 170. [Pashto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto "Pashto") 171. [Persian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language "Persian language") 172. [Polish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_language "Polish language") 173. [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Portuguese "Brazilian Portuguese")) 174. [Portuguese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language "Portuguese language") ([Portugal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Portuguese "European Portuguese")) 175. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Gurmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi "Gurmukhi")) 176. [Punjabi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_language "Punjabi language") ([Shahmukhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahmukhi "Shahmukhi")) 177. [Quechua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Quechua "Southern Quechua") 178. [Qʼeqchiʼ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_language "Qʼeqchiʼ language") 179. [Romani](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language "Romani language") 180. [Romanian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language "Romanian language") 181. [Rundi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirundi "Kirundi") 182. [Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language") 183. [Sami (North)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_S%C3%A1mi "Northern Sámi") 184. [Samoan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoan_language "Samoan language") 185. [Sango](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sango_language "Sango language") 186. [Sanskrit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit "Sanskrit") 187. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") (Latin) 188. [Santali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santali_language "Santali language") ([Ol Chiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_Chiki "Ol Chiki")) 189. [Scots Gaelic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic "Scottish Gaelic") 190. [Sepedi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sotho "Northern Sotho") 191. [Serbian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_language "Serbian language") 192. [Sesotho](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotho_language "Sotho language") 193. [Seychellois Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychellois_Creole "Seychellois Creole") 194. [Shan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_language "Shan language") 195. [Shona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shona_language "Shona language") 196. [Sicilian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicilian_language "Sicilian language") 197. [Silesian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silesian_language "Silesian language") 198. [Sindhi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_language "Sindhi language") 199. [Sinhala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinhala_language "Sinhala language") 200. [Slovak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_language "Slovak language") 201. [Slovenian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language "Slovene language") 202. [Somali](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_language "Somali language") 203. [Spanish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language "Spanish language") 204. [Sundanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundanese_language "Sundanese language") 205. [Susu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susu_language "Susu language") 206. [Swahili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_language "Swahili language") 207. [Swati](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swazi_language "Swazi language") 208. [Swedish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language "Swedish language") 209. [Tahitian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language "Tahitian language") 210. [Tajik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajik_language "Tajik language") 211. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") 212. [Tamazight](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_languages "Berber languages") ([Tifinagh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifinagh "Tifinagh")) 213. [Tamil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_language "Tamil language") 214. [Tatar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatar_language "Tatar language") 215. [Telugu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_language "Telugu language") 216. [Tetum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetum_language "Tetum language") 217. [Thai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language "Thai language") 218. [Tibetan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan "Lhasa Tibetan") 219. [Tigrinya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigrinya_language "Tigrinya language") 220. [Tiv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiv_language "Tiv language") 221. [Tok Pisin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Pisin "Tok Pisin") 222. [Tongan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language "Tongan language") 223. [Tshiluba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luba-Kasai_language "Luba-Kasai language") 224. [Tsonga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language "Tsonga language") 225. [Tswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswana_language "Tswana language") 226. [Tulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulu_language "Tulu language") 227. [Tumbuka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuka_language "Tumbuka language") 228. [Turkish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language "Turkish language") 229. [Turkmen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_language "Turkmen language") 230. [Tuvan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvan_language "Tuvan language") 231. [Twi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twi "Twi") 232. [Udmurt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udmurt_language "Udmurt language") 233. [Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language") 234. [Urdu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu "Urdu") 235. [Uyghur](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_language "Uyghur language") 236. [Uzbek](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek_language "Uzbek language") 237. [Venda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venda_language "Venda language") 238. [Venetian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venetian_language "Venetian language") 239. [Vietnamese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_language "Vietnamese language") 240. [Waray](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waray_language "Waray language") 241. [Welsh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_language "Welsh language") 242. [Wolof](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolof_language "Wolof language") 243. [Xhosa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_language "Xhosa language") 244. [Yakut](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakut_language "Yakut language") 245. [Yiddish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiddish "Yiddish") 246. [Yoruba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_language "Yoruba language") 247. [Yucatec Maya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatec_Maya_language "Yucatec Maya language") 248. [Zapotec](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapotec_languages "Zapotec languages") 249. [Zulu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulu_language "Zulu language") Stages Translation methodology In April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Statistical_machine_translation-1) Google Translate does not apply [grammatical](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar "Grammar") rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical or pattern analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, [Franz Josef Och](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Josef_Och "Franz Josef Och"), has criticized the effectiveness of [rule-based](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule-based_machine_translation "Rule-based machine translation") [algorithms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm "Algorithm") in favor of statistical approaches.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93)[\[94\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-MT_Summit_X-94) Original versions of Google Translate were based on a method called [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation"), and more specifically, on research by Och who won the [DARPA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA "DARPA") contest for speed machine translation in 2003. Och was the head of Google's machine translation group until leaving to join Human Longevity, Inc. in July 2014.[\[95\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Human_Longevity,_Franz_Och-95) Google Translate does not directly translate from one language to another (L1 → L2). Instead, it often translates first to English and then to the target language (L1 → EN → L2).[\[96\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-96)[\[97\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-97)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-pivot-8)[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) However, because English, like all human languages, is ambiguous and depends on context, this can cause translation errors. For example, translating vous from French to Russian gives vous → you → ты OR Bы/вы.[\[100\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-100) If Google were using an unambiguous, [artificial language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_language "Artificial language") as the intermediary, it would be vous → you → Bы/вы OR tu → thou → ты. Such a suffixing of words disambiguates their different meanings. Hence, publishing in English, using unambiguous words, providing context, or using expressions such as "you all" may or may not make a better one-step translation depending on the target language. The following languages do not have a direct Google translation to or from English. These languages are translated through the indicated intermediate language (which in most cases is closely related to the desired language but more widely spoken) in addition to through English:\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] - [Belarusian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language "Belarusian language") ([be ↔ ru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Slavic_languages "East Slavic languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Catalan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_language "Catalan language") ([ca ↔ es](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iberian_Romance_languages "Iberian Romance languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Galician](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language "Galician language") ([gl ↔ pt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese "Galician–Portuguese") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Haitian Creole](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole "Haitian Creole") ([ht ↔ fr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French-based_creole_languages "French-based creole languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Korean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_language "Korean language") ([ko ↔ ja](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altaic_languages "Altaic languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Slovak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_language "Slovak language") ([sk ↔ cs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech%E2%80%93Slovak_languages "Czech–Slovak languages") ↔ en ↔ other); - [Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_language "Ukrainian language") ([uk ↔ ru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Slavic_languages "East Slavic languages") ↔ en ↔ other);[\[99\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bad-ru-uk-99) - [Urdu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu "Urdu") ([ur ↔ hi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_language "Hindustani language") ↔ en ↔ other). According to Och, a solid base for developing a usable statistical machine translation system for a new pair of languages from scratch would consist of a bilingual [text corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_corpus "Text corpus") (or [parallel collection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_text "Parallel text")) of more than 150–200 million words, and two monolingual corpora each of more than a billion words.[\[93\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-och_2005-93) Statistical [models](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_model "Mathematical model") from these data are then used to translate between those languages. To acquire this huge amount of linguistic data, Google used [United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations "United Nations") and [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") documents and transcripts.[\[101\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Adams,_Tim-101)[\[102\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Tanner,_Adam-102) The UN typically publishes documents in all six [official UN languages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_languages_of_the_United_Nations "Official languages of the United Nations"), which has produced a very large 6-language corpus. Google representatives have been involved with domestic conferences in Japan where it has solicited bilingual data from researchers.[\[103\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-103) When Google Translate generates a translation proposal, it looks for [patterns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern "Pattern") in hundreds of millions of documents to help decide on the best translation. By detecting patterns in documents that have already been translated by human translators, Google Translate makes [informed guesses (AI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence "Artificial intelligence") as to what an appropriate translation should be.[\[104\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Inside_Google_Translate-104) Before October 2007, for languages other than [Arabic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic "Arabic"), [Chinese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language "Chinese language") and [Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language"), Google Translate was based on [SYSTRAN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN "SYSTRAN"), a software engine which is still used by several other online translation services such as [Babel Fish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babel_Fish_\(website\) "Babel Fish (website)") (now defunct). From October 2007, Google Translate used proprietary, in-house technology based on [statistical machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_machine_translation "Statistical machine translation") instead,[\[105\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Chitu,_Alex-105)[\[106\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Schwartz,_Barry-106) before transitioning to neural machine translation. Google used to have [crowdsourcing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing "Crowdsourcing") features for volunteers to be a part of its "Translate Community", intended to help improve Google Translate's accuracy.[\[107\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Southern,_Matt-107)[\[108\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kelman,_Sveta-108)[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109)[\[110\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lardinois,_Frederic-110)[\[111\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Summers,_Nick-111) Volunteers could select up to five languages to help improve translation; users could verify translated phrases and translate phrases in their languages to and from English, helping to improve the accuracy of translating more rare and complex phrases. In August 2016, a [Google Crowdsource](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsource_\(app\) "Crowdsource (app)") app was released for Android users, in which translation tasks are offered.[\[113\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Whitwan,_Ryan-113)[\[114\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shankland,_Stephen,_new_Crowdsource_app-114) There were three ways to contribute. First, Google showed a phrase that one should type in the translated version.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Second, Google showed a proposed translation for a user to agree, disagree, or skip.[\[109\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Contribute_help-109) Third, users could suggest translations for phrases where they think they can improve on Google's results. Tests in 44 languages showed that the "suggest an edit" feature led to an improvement in a maximum of 40% of cases over four years.[\[115\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-myth_5,_GT_learns-115) Despite its role in improving translation quality and expanding language coverage, Google closed the Translate Community on March 28, 2024. Statistical machine translation Although Google has deployed a new system called neural machine translation for better quality translation, there are languages that still use the traditional translation method called statistical machine translation. It is a rule-based translation method that uses predictive algorithms to guess ways to translate texts in foreign languages. It aims to translate whole phrases rather than single words then gather overlapping phrases for translation. Moreover, it also analyzes bilingual text corpora to generate a statistical model that translates texts from one language to another.[\[116\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Lange,_William-116)[\[117\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-United_Language_Group-117) Neural machine translation In September 2016, a research team at Google announced the development of the [Google Neural Machine Translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation "Google Neural Machine Translation") system (GNMT) to increase fluency and accuracy in Google Translate[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) and in November announced that Google Translate would switch to GNMT. Google Translate's [neural machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation "Neural machine translation") system used a large [end-to-end](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_principle "End-to-end principle") [artificial neural network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_\(machine_learning\) "Neural network (machine learning)") that attempts to perform [deep learning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning "Deep learning"),[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\[120\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Fewster,_Gill-120) in particular, [long short-term memory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_short-term_memory "Long short-term memory") networks.[\[121\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm1997-121)[\[122\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-lstm2000-122)[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-bridging_the_gap-15)[\[123\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Metz,_Cade-123) GNMT improved the quality of translation over SMT in some instances because it uses an [example-based machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Example-based_machine_translation "Example-based machine translation") (EBMT) method in which the system "learns from millions of examples."[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) According to Google researchers, it translated "whole sentences at a time, rather than just piece by piece. It uses this broader context to help it figure out the most relevant translation, which it then rearranges and adjusts to be more like a human speaking with proper grammar".[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) GNMT's "proposed architecture" of "system learning" has been implemented on over a hundred languages supported by Google Translate.[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119) With the end-to-end framework, Google states but does not demonstrate for most languages that "the system learns over time to create better, more natural translations."[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2) The GNMT network attempts [interlingual machine translation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlingual_machine_translation "Interlingual machine translation"), which encodes the "semantics of the sentence rather than simply memorizing phrase-to-phrase translations",[\[119\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-zero-shot_translation-119)[\[98\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Boitet,_Christian-98) and the system did not invent its own universal language, but uses "the commonality found in between many languages".[\[124\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McDonald,_Chris-124) GNMT was first enabled for eight languages: to and from English and Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation-2)[\[118\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-neural_network_mt-118) In March 2017, it was enabled for Hindi, Russian and Vietnamese,[\[125\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Davenport,_Corbin-125) followed by Bengali, Gujarati, Indonesian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu in April.[\[126\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Hager,_Ryne-126) Since 2020, Google has phased out GNMT and has implemented deep learning networks based on [transformers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_\(deep_learning_architecture\) "Transformer (deep learning architecture)").[\[127\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Caswell,_Isaac,_recent_advances-127) Accuracy Google Translate is not as reliable as human translation. When text is well-structured, written using formal language, with simple sentences, relating to formal topics for which training data is ample, it often produces conversions similar to human translations between English and a number of high-resource languages.[\[128\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-conditions-128)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Accuracy decreases for those languages when fewer of those conditions apply, for example when sentence length increases or the text uses familiar or literary language. For many other languages vis-à-vis English, it can produce the gist of text in those formal circumstances.[\[129\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-empirical_evaluation-129) Human evaluation from English to all 102 languages shows that the main idea of a text is conveyed more than 50% of the time for 35 languages. For 67 languages, a minimally comprehensible result is not achieved 50% of the time or greater.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) A few studies have evaluated Chinese,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] French,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] German,\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] and Spanish\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] to English, but no systematic human evaluation has been conducted from most Google Translate languages to English. Speculative language-to-language scores extrapolated from English-to-other measurements[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11) indicate that Google Translate will produce translation results that convey the gist of a text from one language to another more than half the time in about 1% of language pairs, where neither language is English.[\[130\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-non-english_pairs-130) Research conducted in 2011 showed that Google Translate got a slightly higher score than the [UCLA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles "University of California, Los Angeles") minimum score for the English Proficiency Exam.[\[131\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Aiken,_Milam-131) Due to its identical choice of words without considering the flexibility of choosing alternative words or expressions, it produces a relatively similar translation to human translation from the perspective of formality, referential cohesion, and conceptual cohesion.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Moreover, a number of languages are translated into a sentence structure and sentence length similar to a human translation.[\[132\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Li,_Haiying-132) Furthermore, Google carried out a test that required native speakers of each language to rate the translation on a scale between 0 and 6, and Google Translate scored 5.43 on average.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) When used as a dictionary to translate single words, Google Translate is highly inaccurate because it must guess between [polysemic words](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy "Polysemy"). Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has [more than 15 senses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Most_common_words_in_English "Most common words in English"),[\[133\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-polysemy_Wiktionary-133) which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50/50 odds in the likely case that the target language uses different words for those different senses. The odds are similar from other languages to English. Google Translate makes statistical guesses that raise the likelihood of producing the most frequent sense of a word, with the consequence that an accurate translation will be unobtainable in cases that do not match the majority or plurality [corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_corpus "Text corpus") occurrence. The accuracy of single-word predictions has not been measured for any language. Because almost all non-English language pairs pivot through English, the odds against obtaining accurate single-word translations from one non-English language to another can be estimated by multiplying the number of senses in the source language with the number of senses each of those terms have in English. When Google Translate does not have a word in its vocabulary, it makes up a result as part of its algorithm.[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Ooga_Booga-34) Limitations Google Translate, like other automatic translation tools, has its limitations, struggles with [polysemy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy "Polysemy") (the multiple meanings a word may have)[\[134\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-mathematics,_polysemy-134)[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) and [multiword expressions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiom#Multiword_expression "Idiom") (terms that have meanings that cannot be understood or translated by analyzing the individual word units that compose them).[\[135\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-party_terms-135) A word in a foreign language might have two different meanings in the translated language. This might lead to mistranslation. Additionally, grammatical errors remain a major limitation to the accuracy of Google Translate.[\[136\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-study_Google_Translate-136) Google Translate struggles to differentiate between imperfect and perfect [aspects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect "Grammatical aspect") in Romance languages. The [subjunctive mood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive_mood "Subjunctive mood") is often erroneous.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] Moreover, the formal second person (vous) is often chosen, whatever the context.\[[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")\] Since its English reference material contains only "you" forms, it has difficulty translating a language with "you all" or formal "you" variations. Due to differences between languages in investment, research, and the extent of digital resources, the accuracy of Google Translate varies greatly among languages.[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-McGuire,_Nick-14) Some languages produce better results than others. Most languages from Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, tend to score poorly in relation to the scores of many well-financed European languages, Afrikaans and Chinese being the high-scoring exceptions from their continents.[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-in-depth_study-11)[\[137\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Freitas,_Connor-137) No languages indigenous to Australia are included within Google Translate. Higher scores for European can be partially attributed to the [Europarl Corpus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europarl_Corpus "Europarl Corpus"), a trove of documents from the [European Parliament](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament "European Parliament") that have been professionally translated by the mandate of the European Union into as many as 21 languages. A 2010 analysis indicated that French to English translation is relatively accurate,[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) and 2011 and 2012 analyses showed that Italian to English translation is relatively accurate as well.[\[139\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_original-139)[\[140\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Pecoraro,_Christopher,_update-140) However, if the source text is shorter, rule-based machine translations often perform better; this effect is particularly evident in Chinese to English translations. While edits of translations may be submitted, in Chinese specifically one cannot edit sentences as a whole. Instead, one must edit sometimes arbitrary sets of characters, leading to incorrect edits.[\[138\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Shen,_Ethan-138) The service can be used as a dictionary by typing in words. One can translate from a book by using a scanner and an OCR like Google Drive. In its Written Words Translation function, there is a word limit on the amount of text that can be translated at once.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) Therefore, long text should be transferred to a document form and translated through its Document Translate function.[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Translate_written_words-25) Open-source licenses and components \| Language \| [WordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordNet "WordNet") \| License \| \|---\|---\|---\| \| Albanian \| Albanet \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license")/[GPL 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3 "GNU General Public License") \| \| Arabic \| [Arabic WordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_WordNet "Arabic WordNet") \| [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Catalan \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Chinese \| Chinese Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Danish \| DanNet \| Wordnet \| \| English \| Princeton WordNet \| Wordnet \| \| Finnish \| FinnWordNet \| Wordnet \| \| French \| WOLF (WOrdnet Libre du Français) \| [CeCILL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CeCILL "CeCILL")\-C \| \| Galician \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Haitian Creole \| MIT-Haiti Initiative \| [CC BY 4.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license#Version_4.0 "Creative Commons license") \| \| Hebrew \| Hebrew Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Indonesian \| Wordnet Bahasa \| [MIT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License "MIT License") \| \| Italian \| MultiWordNet \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Japanese \| Japanese Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Malay \| Wordnet Bahasa \| [MIT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License "MIT License") \| \| Norwegian \| Norwegian Wordnet \| Wordnet \| \| Persian \| Persian Wordnet \| Free-to-use \| \| Polish \| [plWordNet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlWordNet "PlWordNet") \| Wordnet \| \| Portuguese \| OpenWN-PT \| [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Spanish \| Multilingual Central Repository \| [CC BY 3.0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license "Creative Commons license") \| \| Thai \| Thai Wordnet \| Wordnet \| Irish language data from [Foras na Gaeilge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge "Foras na Gaeilge")'s New English-Irish Dictionary. (English database designed and developed for Foras na Gaeilge by Lexicography MasterClass Ltd.) Welsh language data from Gweiadur by Gwerin. Certain content is copyrighted by [Oxford University Press](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press "Oxford University Press"), United States. Some phrase translations come from [Wikitravel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikitravel "Wikitravel").[\[141\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-open-source_licenses_and_components-141) Reviews Shortly after launching the translation service for the first time, Google won an international competition for English–Arabic and English–Chinese machine translation.[\[142\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Nielsen,_Michael-142) Translation mistakes and oddities Since Google Translate uses statistical matching to translate, translated text can often include apparently nonsensical and obvious errors,[\[143\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Gomes,_Lee-143) often swapping common terms for similar but nonequivalent common terms in the other language,[\[144\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Weinberg,_Nathan-144) as well as inverting sentence meaning.[\[145\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Twisted_Translations,_Bohemian_Rhapsody-145) Novelty websites like [Bad Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_Services_USA#Bad_Translator "Translation Services USA") and Translation Party have used the service to produce humorous text by translating back and forth between multiple languages,[\[146\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Topolyanskaya,_Alyona-146) similar to the children's game [telephone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_whispers "Chinese whispers").[\[147\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-Kincaid,_Jason-147) Certain texts in Japanese have shown to be translated to "Replying to @sarah\_mcdonald(s)" in English, often with no relation to the source text. Examples include "もーるるるるるるるる", "バチバチで草" and "絵にfう".[\[148\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-148) This has been asked on multiple platforms, including [YouTube](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube "YouTube").[\[149\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_note-149) See also - [Apertium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apertium "Apertium") - [Baidu Fanyi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baidu_Fanyi "Baidu Fanyi") - [Comparison of machine translation applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_machine_translation_applications "Comparison of machine translation applications") - [DeepL Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepL_Translator "DeepL Translator") - [Google Dictionary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dictionary "Google Dictionary") - [Google Translator Toolkit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translator_Toolkit "Google Translator Toolkit") - [List of Google products](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_products "List of Google products") - [Microsoft Translator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Translator "Microsoft Translator") - [PROMT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PROMT "PROMT") - [Speech Recognition & Synthesis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis "Speech Recognition & Synthesis") - [SYSTRAN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYSTRAN "SYSTRAN") - [Translate (Apple)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translate_\(Apple\) "Translate (Apple)") - [Yandex Translate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yandex_Translate "Yandex Translate") References 1. ^ [*a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Statistical_machine_translation_1-2) [Och, Franz Josef](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Josef_Och "Franz Josef Och") (April 28, 2006). ["Statistical machine translation live"](https://ai.googleblog.com/2006/04/statistical-machine-translation-live.html). [Google AI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_AI "Google AI") Blog. [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Inc. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180523100259/https://ai.googleblog.com/2006/04/statistical-machine-translation-live.html) from the original on May 23, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2011. 2. ^ [a](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-0) [b](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-1) [c](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-2) [d](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-3) [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-4) [f](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-5) [g](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-Turovsky,_Barak,_found_in_translation_2-6) Turovsky, Barak (November 15, 2016). ["Found in translation: More accurate, fluent sentences in Google Translate"](https://blog.google/products/translate/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate/). The Keyword [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Blog. [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google "Google") Inc. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170407071226/https://blog.google/products/translate/found-translation-more-accurate-fluent-sentences-google-translate/) from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved December 1, 2016. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-translations_made_simple_3-0)* ["Translations Made Simple: The Usefulness of Translation Apps"](https://www.ulatus.com/translation-blog/most-globally-used-translated-apps/). Ulatus. April 8, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200429054905/https://www.ulatus.com/translation-blog/most-globally-used-translated-apps/) from the original on April 29, 2020. 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[^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate#cite_ref-97) [We pretend that this English article is German when asking Google to translate it to French.](https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220203145647/https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Google_Translate?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=nui) February 3, 2022, at the [Wayback Machine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") Google, because it does not find the English words in the German dictionary, leaves those words unchanged as one can show it with this spelllling misssstake. But it translates them to French nonetheless. That's because Google translates German → English → French and that the unchanged English words undergo the second translation. 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