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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 152 (from laksa103)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa152.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point","crawl_time":1774112993,"first_indexed_time":1376420923,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"org,wikipedia!en,\/wiki\/Basis_point s443","src_root_hash":"17790707453426894952","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Basis point - Wikipedia","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n‱\nper ten thousand sign\nIn \nUnicode\nU+2031\n‱\nPER TEN THOUSAND SIGN\n(\n&pertenk;\n)\nRelated\nSee also\nU+0025\n%\nPERCENT SIGN\nU+2030\n‰\nPER MILLE SIGN\n(per thousand)\nA\nbasis point\n(often abbreviated as\nbp\n, often pronounced as \"bip\" or \"beep\"\n[\n1\n]\n) is one hundredth of 1\npercentage point\n. Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent.\n[\n2\n]\nThe related term\npermyriad\nmeans one part per ten thousand.\nVisualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block\n(larger version)\n1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10\n−4\n,\n⁠\n1\n\/\n10,000\n⁠\n, or 0.0001.\n10 bp = 0.1%, 10\n−3\n,\n⁠\n1\n\/\n1,000\n⁠\n, or 0.001.\n[\n3\n]\n100 bp = 1%, 10\n−2\n,\n⁠\n1\n\/\n100\n⁠\n, or 0.01.\nBasis points are used as a convenient\nunit of measurement\nin contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is\ninterest rates\n, where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point.\nLike\npercentage points\n, basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about\ninterest rates\nby dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example,\nif a report says there has been a \"1% increase\" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%).  However, if the report says there has been a \"100 basis point increase\" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate.\nIt is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a\nfinancial instrument\n, or the difference (\nspread\n) between two interest rates, including the\nyields\nof\nfixed-income\nsecurities\n.\nSince certain\nloans\nand\nbonds\nmay commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears\ninterest\nof 0.50% per annum above the\nSecured Overnight Financing Rate\n(SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as \"S+50bps\" or simply \"S+50\".\nThe term \"basis point\" has its origins in trading the \"basis\" or the spread between two interest rates.  Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a \"full point\" movement in the \"basis\" is a basis point.  Contrast with\npips\nin FX forward markets.\nExpense ratios\nof\ninvestment funds\nare often quoted in basis points.\n[\n4\n]\nA related concept is one part per ten thousand,\n⁠\n1\n\/\n10,000\n⁠\n. The same unit is also (rarely) called a\npermyriad\n, literally meaning \"for (every)\nmyriad\n(ten thousand)\".\n[\n5\n]\n[\n6\n]\nIf used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between\npercentage\nand\npercentage point\n.\nA permyriad is written with\nU+2031\n‱\nPER TEN THOUSAND SIGN\n(\n&pertenk;\n)\n[\n7\n]\n[\n8\n]\nwhich looks like a\npercent sign\n%\nwith three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the\ndenominator\nof \"\n⁠\n1\n\/\n10,000\n⁠\n\", although it originates as a natural extension of the\npercent\n%\nand\npermille\n‰\nsigns). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad:\nU+060A\n؊\nARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN\n.\nPercentage point\ndifference of 1 part in 100\nPercentage\n(%) 1 part in 100\nPer mille\n(‰) 1 part in 1,000\nPer cent mille\n(pcm) 1 part in 100,000\nParts per million\n(ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000\nParts-per notation\n – Set of units to describe small values\nPer-unit system\n – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions\nPercent point function\n – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution\nTick size\n – Smallest price increment for stock price\n^\n\"Beep\"\n.\nInvestopedia\n.\n^\nChad Langager.\n\"Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used\"\n.\nInvestopedia\n.\n^\nStaff, Editorial (2024-02-29).\n\"What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?\"\n.\nWebNots\n. Retrieved\n2026-01-28\n.\n^\nConstable, Simon (September 4, 2013).\n\"What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?\"\n.\nWall Street Journal\n. Dow Jones. Archived from\nthe original\non 2016-10-09\n. Retrieved\n2017-04-22\n.\nInvestors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the \"Investor\" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points.\nWhen people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio.\n^\n\"myriad\"\n.\nwww.merriam-webster.com\n. Retrieved\n9 April\n2018\n.\n^\n\"myriad\"\n.\nDictionary.com\n. Retrieved\n9 April\n2018\n.\n^\nAG, Compart.\n\"Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart\"\n.\nwww.compart.com\/en\n. Retrieved\n2026-01-28\n.\n^\n\"General Punctuation\"\n(PDF)\n.\nThe Unicode Consortium\n. Retrieved\n17 Sep\n2011\n.\nMedia related to\nBasis point\nat Wikimedia Commons","attrs_markdown":"[Jump to content](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#bodyContent)\n\nMain menu\n\nMain menu\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nNavigation\n\n- [Main page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page \"Visit the main page [z]\")\n- [Contents](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents \"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\")\n- [Current events](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Current_events \"Articles related to current events\")\n- [Random article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Random \"Visit a randomly selected article [x]\")\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About \"Learn about Wikipedia and how it works\")\n- [Contact us](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us \"How to contact Wikipedia\")\n\nContribute\n\n- [Help](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Contents \"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Learn to edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Introduction \"Learn how to edit Wikipedia\")\n- [Community portal](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Community_portal \"The hub for editors\")\n- [Recent changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChanges \"A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard \"Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia\")\n- [Special pages](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:SpecialPages \"A list of all special pages [q]\")\n\n[![](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/icons\/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/mobile\/copyright\/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page)\n\n[Search](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:Search \"Search Wikipedia [f]\")\n\nAppearance\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Basis+point \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Basis+point \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\nPersonal tools\n\n- [Donate](https:\/\/donate.wikimedia.org\/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en)\n- [Create account](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Basis+point \"You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory\")\n- [Log in](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Basis+point \"You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]\")\n\n## Contents\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\n- [(Top)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point)\n- [1 Definition](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Definition)\n- [2 Permyriad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Permyriad)\n  Toggle Permyriad subsection\n  - [2\\.1 Unicode](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Unicode)\n- [3 Related units](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Related_units)\n- [4 See also](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#See_also)\n- [5 References](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#References)\n- [6 External links](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#External_links)\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\n# Basis point\n27 languages\n\n- [Български](https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0 \"Базова точка – Bulgarian\")\n- [Català](https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punt_b%C3%A0sic \"Punt bàsic – Catalan\")\n- [Čeština](https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bazick%C3%BD_bod \"Bazický bod – Czech\")\n- [Español](https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punto_base \"Punto base – Spanish\")\n- [Euskara](https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oinarri-puntu \"Oinarri-puntu – Basque\")\n- [Suomi](https:\/\/fi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peruspiste \"Peruspiste – Finnish\")\n- [Français](https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Point_de_base \"Point de base – French\")\n- [עברית](https:\/\/he.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA \"רבבית – Hebrew\")\n- [हिन्दी](https:\/\/hi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95 \"आधार अंक – Hindi\")\n- [Magyar](https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1zispont \"Bázispont – Hungarian\")\n- [Հայերեն](https:\/\/hy.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80 \"Բազիսային միավոր – Armenian\")\n- [Italiano](https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punto_base \"Punto base – Italian\")\n- [日本語](https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88 \"ベーシスポイント – Japanese\")\n- [Qaraqalpaqsha](https:\/\/kaa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bazis_punkti \"Bazis punkti – Kara-Kalpak\")\n- [Қазақша](https:\/\/kk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82 \"Базистік пункт – Kazakh\")\n- [한국어](https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EB%A7%8C%EB%B6%84%EC%9C%A8 \"만분율 – Korean\")\n- [Nederlands](https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basispunt \"Basispunt – Dutch\")\n- [Norsk bokmål](https:\/\/no.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basispunkt \"Basispunkt – Norwegian Bokmål\")\n- [Polski](https:\/\/pl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punkt_bazowy \"Punkt bazowy – Polish\")\n- [Português](https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ponto_base \"Ponto base – Portuguese\")\n- [Русский](https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82 \"Базисный пункт – Russian\")\n- [Slovenčina](https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B%C3%A1zick%C3%BD_bod \"Bázický bod – Slovak\")\n- [Svenska](https:\/\/sv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baspunkt \"Baspunkt – Swedish\")\n- [தமிழ்](https:\/\/ta.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF \"அடிமானப் புள்ளி – Tamil\")\n- [Türkçe](https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baz_puan \"Baz puan – Turkish\")\n- [Українська](https:\/\/uk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82 \"Базисний пункт – Ukrainian\")\n- [中文](https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%82%B9 \"基本点 – Chinese\")\n\n[Edit links](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q750178#sitelinks-wikipedia \"Edit interlanguage links\")\n\n- [Article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point \"View the content page [c]\")\n- [Talk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talk:Basis_point \"Discuss improvements to the content page [t]\")\n\nEnglish\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=history \"Past revisions of this page [h]\")\n\nTools\n\nTools\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nActions\n\n- [Read](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point)\n- [Edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit \"Edit this page [e]\")\n- [View history](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=history)\n\nGeneral\n\n- [What links here](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:WhatLinksHere\/Basis_point \"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\")\n- [Related changes](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:RecentChangesLinked\/Basis_point \"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\")\n- [Upload file](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard \"Upload files [u]\")\n- [Permanent link](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&oldid=1340634077 \"Permanent link to this revision of this page\")\n- [Page information](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=info \"More information about this page\")\n- [Cite this page](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Basis_point&id=1340634077&wpFormIdentifier=titleform \"Information on how to cite this page\")\n- [Get shortened URL](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBasis_point)\n\nPrint\/export\n\n- [Download as PDF](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Basis_point&action=show-download-screen \"Download this page as a PDF file\")\n- [Printable version](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&printable=yes \"Printable version of this page [p]\")\n\nIn other projects\n\n- [Wikimedia Commons](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Basis_point)\n- [Wikidata item](https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/Q750178 \"Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]\")\n\nAppearance\n\nmove to sidebar\n\nhide\n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\nOne hundredth of one percentage point\n\n|   |   |\n|---|---|\n| [![icon](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/9\/99\/Question_book-new.svg\/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Question_book-new.svg) | This article **needs additional citations for [verification](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Verifiability \"Wikipedia:Verifiability\")**. Please help [improve this article](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Basis_point \"Special:EditPage\/Basis point\") by [adding citations to reliable sources](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Referencing_for_beginners \"Help:Referencing for beginners\"). Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. *Find sources:* [\"Basis point\"](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Basis+point%22) – [news](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Basis+point%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) **·** [newspapers](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?&q=%22Basis+point%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) **·** [books](https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Basis+point%22+-wikipedia) **·** [scholar](https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?q=%22Basis+point%22) **·** [JSTOR](https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/action\/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Basis+point%22&acc=on&wc=on) *(May 2010)* *([Learn how and when to remove this message](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Maintenance_template_removal \"Help:Maintenance template removal\"))* |\n\n| ‱o |   |\n|---|---|\n| per ten thousand sign |   |\n| In [Unicode](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unicode \"Unicode\") | `U+2031` ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (`&pertenk;`) |\n| Related |   |\n| See also | `U+0025`% [PERCENT SIGN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_sign \"Percent sign\") `U+2030`‰ [PER MILLE SIGN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per_mille \"Per mille\") (per thousand) |\n\nA **basis point** (often abbreviated as **bp**, often pronounced as \"bip\" or \"beep\"[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-1)) is one hundredth of 1 [percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\"). Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-2)\n\nThe related term *[permyriad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Permyriad)* means one part per ten thousand.\n\n## Definition\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=1 \"Edit section: Definition\")\\]\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg\/250px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg)\n\nVisualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block [(larger version)](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg\/1280px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)\n\n1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10−4, ⁠1\/10,000⁠, or 0.0001.\n\n10 bp = 0.1%, 10−3,\n\n⁠1\/1,000⁠, or 0.001.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-3)\n\n100 bp = 1%, 10−2,\n\n⁠1\/100⁠, or 0.01.\n\nBasis points are used as a convenient [unit of measurement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unit_of_measurement \"Unit of measurement\") in contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is [interest rates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest_rate \"Interest rate\"), where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point.\n\nLike [percentage points](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\"), basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about [interest rates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest_rate \"Interest rate\") by dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example,  if a report says there has been a \"1% increase\" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%). However, if the report says there has been a \"100 basis point increase\" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate.\n\nIt is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a [financial instrument](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_instrument \"Financial instrument\"), or the difference ([spread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yield_spread \"Yield spread\")) between two interest rates, including the [yields](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yield_\\(finance\\) \"Yield (finance)\") of [fixed-income](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fixed_income \"Fixed income\") [securities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Security_\\(finance\\) \"Security (finance)\").\n\nSince certain [loans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loans \"Loans\") and [bonds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bond_\\(finance\\) \"Bond (finance)\") may commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears [interest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest \"Interest\") of 0.50% per annum above the [Secured Overnight Financing Rate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secured_Overnight_Financing_Rate \"Secured Overnight Financing Rate\") (SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as \"S+50bps\" or simply \"S+50\".\n\nThe term \"basis point\" has its origins in trading the \"basis\" or the spread between two interest rates. Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a \"full point\" movement in the \"basis\" is a basis point. Contrast with [pips](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_in_point \"Percentage in point\") in FX forward markets.\n\n[Expense ratios](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expense_ratio \"Expense ratio\") of [investment funds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Investment_fund \"Investment fund\") are often quoted in basis points.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-4)\n\n## Permyriad\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=2 \"Edit section: Permyriad\")\\]\n\nA related concept is one part per ten thousand, ⁠1\/10,000⁠. The same unit is also (rarely) called a **permyriad**, literally meaning \"for (every) [myriad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myriad \"Myriad\") (ten thousand)\".[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-5)[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-6) If used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between [percentage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage \"Percentage\") and [percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\").\n\n### Unicode\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=3 \"Edit section: Unicode\")\\]\n\nA permyriad is written with `U+2031`‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (`&pertenk;`)[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-7)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-8) which looks like a [percent sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_sign \"Percent sign\") % with three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the [denominator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denominator \"Denominator\") of \"⁠1\/10,000⁠\", although it originates as a natural extension of the [percent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent \"Percent\") % and [permille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Permille \"Permille\") ‰ signs). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad: `U+060A`؊ ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN.\n\n## Related units\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=4 \"Edit section: Related units\")\\]\n\n- [Percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\") difference of 1 part in 100\n- [Percentage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage \"Percentage\") (%) 1 part in 100\n- [Per mille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Permille \"Permille\") (‰) 1 part in 1,000\n- [Per cent mille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per_cent_mille \"Per cent mille\") (pcm) 1 part in 100,000\n- [Parts per million](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parts_per_million \"Parts per million\") (ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000\n\n## See also\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=5 \"Edit section: See also\")\\]\n\n- [Parts-per notation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parts-per_notation \"Parts-per notation\") – Set of units to describe small values\n- [Per-unit system](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per-unit_system \"Per-unit system\") – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions\n- [Percent point function](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_point_function \"Percent point function\") – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution\n- [Tick size](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tick_size \"Tick size\") – Smallest price increment for stock price\n\n## References\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=6 \"Edit section: References\")\\]\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"Beep\"](http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/b\/beep.asp). *[Investopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Investopedia \"Investopedia\")*.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-2)**\n   Chad Langager. [\"Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used\"](https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/ask\/answers\/what-basis-point-bps\/). *Investopedia*.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-3)**\n   Staff, Editorial (2024-02-29). [\"What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?\"](https:\/\/www.webnots.com\/what-is-per-ten-thousand-%E2%80%B1-sign-and-how-to-make-it-with-keyboard\/). *WebNots*. Retrieved 2026-01-28.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-4)**\n   Constable, Simon (September 4, 2013). [\"What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161009013236\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828). *Wall Street Journal*. Dow Jones. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828) on 2016-10-09. Retrieved 2017-04-22. \"Investors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the \"Investor\" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points. When people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio.\"\n5. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-5)**\n   [\"myriad\"](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/myriad). *www.merriam-webster.com*. Retrieved 9 April 2018.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-6)**\n   [\"myriad\"](http:\/\/www.dictionary.com\/browse\/myriad). *Dictionary.com*. Retrieved 9 April 2018.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-7)**\n   AG, Compart. [\"Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart\"](https:\/\/www.compart.com\/en\/unicode\/U+2031). *www.compart.com\/en*. Retrieved 2026-01-28.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-8)**\n   [\"General Punctuation\"](https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/charts\/PDF\/U2000.pdf) (PDF). [The Unicode Consortium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Unicode_Consortium \"The Unicode Consortium\"). Retrieved 17 Sep 2011.\n\n## External links\n\\[[edit](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=7 \"Edit section: External links\")\\]\n\n- [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg) Media related to [Basis point](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Basis_point \"commons:Category:Basis point\") at Wikimedia Commons\n\n| [v](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Navbox_punctuation \"Template:Navbox punctuation\") [t](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template_talk:Navbox_punctuation \"Template talk:Navbox punctuation\") [e](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:EditPage\/Template:Navbox_punctuation \"Special:EditPage\/Template:Navbox punctuation\")Common [punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punctuation \"Punctuation\") and other [typographical](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Typography \"Typography\") symbols |\n|---|\n| [space](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Space_\\(punctuation\\) \"Space (punctuation)\") ,  [comma](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comma \"Comma\") :  [colon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colon_\\(punctuation\\) \"Colon (punctuation)\") ;  [semicolon](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Semicolon \"Semicolon\") ‐  [hyphen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyphen \"Hyphen\") ’   '  [apostrophe](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apostrophe \"Apostrophe\") ′   ″   ‴  [prime](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prime_\\(symbol\\) \"Prime (symbol)\") .  [full stop](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Full_stop \"Full stop\") |\n| &  [ampersand](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ampersand \"Ampersand\") @  [at sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/At_sign \"At sign\") ^  [caret](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caret \"Caret\") \/  [slash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slash_\\(punctuation\\) \"Slash (punctuation)\") \\\\  [backslash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Backslash \"Backslash\") …  [ellipsis](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ellipsis \"Ellipsis\") \\*  [asterisk](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asterisk \"Asterisk\") ※  [reference mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reference_mark \"Reference mark\") ⁂  [asterism](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asterism_\\(typography\\) \"Asterism (typography)\") •  •  •     [dinkus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dinkus \"Dinkus\") |\n| \\-  [hyphen-minus](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hyphen-minus \"Hyphen-minus\") ‒   –   —  [dash](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dash \"Dash\") ⹀   ⸗  [double hyphen](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Double_hyphen \"Double hyphen\") |\n| ?  [question mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Question_mark \"Question mark\") !  [exclamation mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exclamation_mark \"Exclamation mark\") ‽  [interrobang](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interrobang \"Interrobang\") ¡   ¿  [inverted ! and ?](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inverted_question_and_exclamation_marks \"Inverted question and exclamation marks\") ⸮  [irony punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Irony_punctuation \"Irony punctuation\") |\n| \\#  [number sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Number_sign \"Number sign\") №  [numero sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Numero_sign \"Numero sign\") º   ª  [ordinal indicator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ordinal_indicator \"Ordinal indicator\") %  [percent sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_sign \"Percent sign\") ‰  [per mille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per_mille \"Per mille\") ‱  [basis point]() °  [degree symbol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Degree_symbol \"Degree symbol\") ⌀  [diameter sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diameter#Symbol \"Diameter\") |\n| \\+   −  [plus and minus signs](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plus_and_minus_signs \"Plus and minus signs\") ×  [multiplication sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multiplication_sign \"Multiplication sign\") ÷  [division sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Division_sign \"Division sign\") ~  [tilde](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tilde \"Tilde\") ±  [plus–minus sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plus%E2%80%93minus_sign \"Plus–minus sign\") ∓  [minus-plus sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minus-plus_sign \"Minus-plus sign\") √  [radical symbol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radical_symbol \"Radical symbol\") |\n| \\_  [underscore](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Underscore \"Underscore\") ⁀  [tie](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tie_\\(typography\\) \"Tie (typography)\") \\|   ¦   ‖  [vertical bar](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vertical_bar \"Vertical bar\") •  [bullet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bullet_\\(typography\\) \"Bullet (typography)\") ·  [interpunct](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interpunct \"Interpunct\") |\n| ©  [copyright symbol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copyright_symbol \"Copyright symbol\") ℗  [sound recording copyright](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sound_recording_copyright_symbol \"Sound recording copyright symbol\") ®  [registered trademark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Registered_trademark_symbol \"Registered trademark symbol\") SM  [service mark symbol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Service_mark_symbol \"Service mark symbol\") TM  [trademark symbol](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trademark_symbol \"Trademark symbol\") |\n| ‘ ’   “ ”   ' '   \" \"  [quotation mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quotation_mark \"Quotation mark\") ‹ ›   « »  [guillemet](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillemet \"Guillemet\") ( )   \\[ \\]   { }   ⟨ ⟩  [bracket](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bracket \"Bracket\") ”  [ditto mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ditto_mark \"Ditto mark\") |\n| †   ‡  [dagger](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dagger_\\(mark\\) \"Dagger (mark)\") ❧  [fleuron](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fleuron_\\(typography\\) \"Fleuron (typography)\") (hedera, aldus) ☞  [manicule](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manicule \"Manicule\") ◊   ⌑  [lozenge](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lozenge_\\(shape\\) \"Lozenge (shape)\") ¶   ⸿  [pilcrow](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pilcrow \"Pilcrow\") (paragraph mark) §  [section mark](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Section_sign \"Section sign\") |\n| [Version of this table as a sortable list](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks \"List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks\") [Currency symbols](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Currency_symbol \"Currency symbol\") [Diacritics](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diacritic \"Diacritic\") (accents) [Logic symbols](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_logic_symbols \"List of logic symbols\") [Math symbols](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_mathematical_symbols \"List of mathematical symbols\") [Whitespace](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Whitespace_character \"Whitespace character\") [Chinese punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_punctuation \"Chinese punctuation\") [Hebrew punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hebrew_punctuation \"Hebrew punctuation\") [Japanese punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Japanese_punctuation \"Japanese punctuation\") [Korean punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korean_punctuation \"Korean punctuation\") [Vietnamese punctuation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vietnamese_punctuation \"Vietnamese punctuation\") 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Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](https:\/\/wikimediafoundation.org\/), a non-profit organization.\n\n- [Privacy policy](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Privacy_policy)\n- [About Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:About)\n- [Disclaimers](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)\n- [Contact Wikipedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contact_us)\n- [Legal & safety contacts](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information)\n- [Code of Conduct](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)\n- [Developers](https:\/\/developer.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [Statistics](https:\/\/stats.wikimedia.org\/#\/en.wikipedia.org)\n- [Cookie statement](https:\/\/foundation.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Special:MyLanguage\/Policy:Cookie_statement)\n- [Mobile view](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Basis_point&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)\n\n- [![Wikimedia Foundation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/static\/images\/footer\/wikimedia.svg)](https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/)\n- [![Powered by MediaWiki](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/resources\/assets\/mediawiki_compact.svg)](https:\/\/www.mediawiki.org\/)\n\nSearch\n\nToggle the table of contents\n\nBasis point\n\n27 languages\n\n[Add topic](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point)","attrs_readable_markdown":"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n\n| ‱ |   |\n|---|---|\n| per ten thousand sign |   |\n| In [Unicode](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unicode \"Unicode\") | U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (\\&pertenk;) |\n| Related |   |\n| See also | U+0025 % [PERCENT SIGN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_sign \"Percent sign\") U+2030 ‰ [PER MILLE SIGN](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per_mille \"Per mille\") (per thousand) |\n\nA **basis point** (often abbreviated as **bp**, often pronounced as \"bip\" or \"beep\"[\\[1\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-1)) is one hundredth of 1 [percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\"). Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent.[\\[2\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-2)\n\nThe related term *[permyriad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#Permyriad)* means one part per ten thousand.\n\n[![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg\/250px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg)\n\nVisualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block [(larger version)](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg\/1280px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)\n\n1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10−4, ⁠1\/10,000⁠, or 0.0001.\n\n10 bp = 0.1%, 10−3, ⁠1\/1,000⁠, or 0.001.[\\[3\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-3)\n\n100 bp = 1%, 10−2, ⁠1\/100⁠, or 0.01.\n\nBasis points are used as a convenient [unit of measurement](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unit_of_measurement \"Unit of measurement\") in contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is [interest rates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest_rate \"Interest rate\"), where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point.\n\nLike [percentage points](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\"), basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about [interest rates](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest_rate \"Interest rate\") by dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example,  if a report says there has been a \"1% increase\" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%). However, if the report says there has been a \"100 basis point increase\" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate.\n\nIt is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a [financial instrument](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Financial_instrument \"Financial instrument\"), or the difference ([spread](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yield_spread \"Yield spread\")) between two interest rates, including the [yields](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yield_\\(finance\\) \"Yield (finance)\") of [fixed-income](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fixed_income \"Fixed income\") [securities](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Security_\\(finance\\) \"Security (finance)\").\n\nSince certain [loans](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Loans \"Loans\") and [bonds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bond_\\(finance\\) \"Bond (finance)\") may commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears [interest](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interest \"Interest\") of 0.50% per annum above the [Secured Overnight Financing Rate](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secured_Overnight_Financing_Rate \"Secured Overnight Financing Rate\") (SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as \"S+50bps\" or simply \"S+50\".\n\nThe term \"basis point\" has its origins in trading the \"basis\" or the spread between two interest rates. Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a \"full point\" movement in the \"basis\" is a basis point. Contrast with [pips](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_in_point \"Percentage in point\") in FX forward markets.\n\n[Expense ratios](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Expense_ratio \"Expense ratio\") of [investment funds](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Investment_fund \"Investment fund\") are often quoted in basis points.[\\[4\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-4)\n\nA related concept is one part per ten thousand, ⁠1\/10,000⁠. The same unit is also (rarely) called a **permyriad**, literally meaning \"for (every) [myriad](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myriad \"Myriad\") (ten thousand)\".[\\[5\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-5)[\\[6\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-6) If used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between [percentage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage \"Percentage\") and [percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\").\n\nA permyriad is written with U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (\\&pertenk;)[\\[7\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-7)[\\[8\\]](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_note-8) which looks like a [percent sign](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_sign \"Percent sign\") % with three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the [denominator](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denominator \"Denominator\") of \"⁠1\/10,000⁠\", although it originates as a natural extension of the [percent](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent \"Percent\") % and [permille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Permille \"Permille\") ‰ signs). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad: U+060A ؊ ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN.\n\n- [Percentage point](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage_point \"Percentage point\") difference of 1 part in 100\n- [Percentage](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percentage \"Percentage\") (%) 1 part in 100\n- [Per mille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Permille \"Permille\") (‰) 1 part in 1,000\n- [Per cent mille](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per_cent_mille \"Per cent mille\") (pcm) 1 part in 100,000\n- [Parts per million](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parts_per_million \"Parts per million\") (ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000\n\n- [Parts-per notation](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parts-per_notation \"Parts-per notation\") – Set of units to describe small values\n- [Per-unit system](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Per-unit_system \"Per-unit system\") – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions\n- [Percent point function](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percent_point_function \"Percent point function\") – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution\n- [Tick size](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tick_size \"Tick size\") – Smallest price increment for stock price\n\n1. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-1)**\n   [\"Beep\"](http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/b\/beep.asp). *[Investopedia](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Investopedia \"Investopedia\")*.\n2. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-2)**\n   Chad Langager. [\"Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used\"](https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/ask\/answers\/what-basis-point-bps\/). *Investopedia*.\n3. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-3)**\n   Staff, Editorial (2024-02-29). [\"What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?\"](https:\/\/www.webnots.com\/what-is-per-ten-thousand-%E2%80%B1-sign-and-how-to-make-it-with-keyboard\/). *WebNots*. Retrieved 2026-01-28.\n4. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-4)**\n   Constable, Simon (September 4, 2013). [\"What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?\"](https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161009013236\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828). *Wall Street Journal*. Dow Jones. Archived from [the original](https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828) on 2016-10-09. Retrieved 2017-04-22. \"Investors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the \"Investor\" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points. When people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio.\"\n5. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-5)**\n   [\"myriad\"](https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/myriad). *www.merriam-webster.com*. Retrieved 9 April 2018.\n6. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-6)**\n   [\"myriad\"](http:\/\/www.dictionary.com\/browse\/myriad). *Dictionary.com*. Retrieved 9 April 2018.\n7. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-7)**\n   AG, Compart. [\"Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart\"](https:\/\/www.compart.com\/en\/unicode\/U+2031). *www.compart.com\/en*. Retrieved 2026-01-28.\n8. **[^](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basis_point#cite_ref-8)**\n   [\"General Punctuation\"](https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/charts\/PDF\/U2000.pdf) (PDF). [The Unicode Consortium](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Unicode_Consortium \"The Unicode Consortium\"). Retrieved 17 Sep 2011.\n\n- [![](https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg) Media related to [Basis point](https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Basis_point \"commons:Category:Basis point\") at Wikimedia Commons","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point
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Boilerpipe Text	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ‱ per ten thousand sign In Unicode U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN ( &pertenk; ) Related See also U+0025 % PERCENT SIGN U+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN (per thousand) A basis point (often abbreviated as bp , often pronounced as "bip" or "beep" [ 1 ] ) is one hundredth of 1 percentage point . Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent. [ 2 ] The related term permyriad means one part per ten thousand. Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block (larger version) 1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10 −4 , ⁠ 1 / 10,000 ⁠ , or 0.0001. 10 bp = 0.1%, 10 −3 , ⁠ 1 / 1,000 ⁠ , or 0.001. [ 3 ] 100 bp = 1%, 10 −2 , ⁠ 1 / 100 ⁠ , or 0.01. Basis points are used as a convenient unit of measurement in contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is interest rates , where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point. Like percentage points , basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about interest rates by dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example, if a report says there has been a "1% increase" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%). However, if the report says there has been a "100 basis point increase" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate. It is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a financial instrument , or the difference ( spread ) between two interest rates, including the yields of fixed-income securities . Since certain loans and bonds may commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears interest of 0.50% per annum above the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as "S+50bps" or simply "S+50". The term "basis point" has its origins in trading the "basis" or the spread between two interest rates. Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a "full point" movement in the "basis" is a basis point. Contrast with pips in FX forward markets. Expense ratios of investment funds are often quoted in basis points. [ 4 ] A related concept is one part per ten thousand, ⁠ 1 / 10,000 ⁠ . The same unit is also (rarely) called a permyriad , literally meaning "for (every) myriad (ten thousand)". [ 5 ] [ 6 ] If used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between percentage and percentage point . A permyriad is written with U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN ( &pertenk; ) [ 7 ] [ 8 ] which looks like a percent sign % with three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the denominator of " ⁠ 1 / 10,000 ⁠ ", although it originates as a natural extension of the percent % and permille ‰ signs). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad: U+060A ؊ ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN . Percentage point difference of 1 part in 100 Percentage (%) 1 part in 100 Per mille (‰) 1 part in 1,000 Per cent mille (pcm) 1 part in 100,000 Parts per million (ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000 Parts-per notation – Set of units to describe small values Per-unit system – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions Percent point function – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution Tick size – Smallest price increment for stock price ^ "Beep" . Investopedia . ^ Chad Langager. "Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used" . Investopedia . ^ Staff, Editorial (2024-02-29). "What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?" . WebNots . Retrieved 2026-01-28 . ^ Constable, Simon (September 4, 2013). "What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?" . Wall Street Journal . Dow Jones. Archived from the original on 2016-10-09 . Retrieved 2017-04-22 . Investors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the "Investor" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points. When people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio. ^ "myriad" . www.merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 9 April 2018 . ^ "myriad" . Dictionary.com . Retrieved 9 April 2018 . ^ AG, Compart. "Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart" . www.compart.com/en . Retrieved 2026-01-28 . ^ "General Punctuation" (PDF) . The Unicode Consortium . Retrieved 17 Sep 2011 . Media related to Basis point at Wikimedia Commons
Markdown	[Jump to content](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#bodyContent) Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation - [Main page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]") - [Contents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia") - [Current events](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events") - [Random article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]") - [About Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works") - [Contact us](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia") Contribute - [Help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia") - [Learn to edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia") - [Community portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors") - [Recent changes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]") - [Upload file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia") - [Special pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]") [![](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/icons/enwiki-25.svg) ![Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en-25.svg) ![The Free Encyclopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en-25.svg)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) [Search](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]") Appearance - [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en) - [Create account](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Basis+point "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory") - [Log in](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Basis+point "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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[o]") ## Contents move to sidebar hide - [(Top)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point) - [1 Definition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Definition) - [2 Permyriad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Permyriad) Toggle Permyriad subsection - [2\.1 Unicode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Unicode) - [3 Related units](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Related_units) - [4 See also](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#See_also) - [5 References](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#References) - [6 External links](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#External_links) Toggle the table of contents # Basis point 27 languages - [Български](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0 "Базова точка – Bulgarian") - [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punt_b%C3%A0sic "Punt bàsic – Catalan") - [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazick%C3%BD_bod "Bazický bod – Czech") - [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_base "Punto base – Spanish") - [Euskara](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oinarri-puntu "Oinarri-puntu – Basque") - [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruspiste "Peruspiste – Finnish") - [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_de_base "Point de base – French") - [עברית](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA "רבבית – Hebrew") - [हिन्दी](https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95 "आधार अंक – Hindi") - [Magyar](https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1zispont "Bázispont – Hungarian") - [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80 "Բազիսային միավոր – Armenian") - [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punto_base "Punto base – Italian") - [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88 "ベーシスポイント – Japanese") - [Qaraqalpaqsha](https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazis_punkti "Bazis punkti – Kara-Kalpak") - [Қазақша](https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82 "Базистік пункт – Kazakh") - [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%EB%B6%84%EC%9C%A8 "만분율 – Korean") - [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basispunt "Basispunt – Dutch") - [Norsk bokmål](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basispunkt "Basispunkt – Norwegian Bokmål") - [Polski](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punkt_bazowy "Punkt bazowy – Polish") - [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponto_base "Ponto base – Portuguese") - [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82 "Базисный пункт – Russian") - [Slovenčina](https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1zick%C3%BD_bod "Bázický bod – Slovak") - [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baspunkt "Baspunkt – Swedish") - [தமிழ்](https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF "அடிமானப் புள்ளி – Tamil") - 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Find sources: ["Basis point"](https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Basis+point%22) – [news](https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Basis+point%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · [newspapers](https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Basis+point%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · [books](https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Basis+point%22+-wikipedia) · [scholar](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Basis+point%22) · [JSTOR](https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Basis+point%22&acc=on&wc=on) (May 2010) ([Learn how and when to remove this message](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal "Help:Maintenance template removal")) \| \| ‱o \| \| \|---\|---\| \| per ten thousand sign \| \| \| In [Unicode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode "Unicode") \| `U+2031` ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (`&pertenk;`) \| \| Related \| \| \| See also \| `U+0025`% [PERCENT SIGN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_sign "Percent sign") `U+2030`‰ [PER MILLE SIGN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille "Per mille") (per thousand) \| A basis point (often abbreviated as bp, often pronounced as "bip" or "beep"[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-1)) is one hundredth of 1 [percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"). Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-2) The related term [permyriad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Permyriad) means one part per ten thousand. ## Definition \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Definition")\] [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/250px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg) Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block [(larger version)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/1280px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png) 1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10−4, ⁠1/10,000⁠, or 0.0001. 10 bp = 0.1%, 10−3, ⁠1/1,000⁠, or 0.001.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-3) 100 bp = 1%, 10−2, ⁠1/100⁠, or 0.01. Basis points are used as a convenient [unit of measurement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_measurement "Unit of measurement") in contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is [interest rates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_rate "Interest rate"), where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point. Like [percentage points](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"), basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about [interest rates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_rate "Interest rate") by dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example, if a report says there has been a "1% increase" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%). However, if the report says there has been a "100 basis point increase" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate. It is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a [financial instrument](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_instrument "Financial instrument"), or the difference ([spread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield_spread "Yield spread")) between two interest rates, including the [yields](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield_\(finance\) "Yield (finance)") of [fixed-income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_income "Fixed income") [securities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_\(finance\) "Security (finance)"). Since certain [loans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loans "Loans") and [bonds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_\(finance\) "Bond (finance)") may commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears [interest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest "Interest") of 0.50% per annum above the [Secured Overnight Financing Rate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secured_Overnight_Financing_Rate "Secured Overnight Financing Rate") (SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as "S+50bps" or simply "S+50". The term "basis point" has its origins in trading the "basis" or the spread between two interest rates. Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a "full point" movement in the "basis" is a basis point. Contrast with [pips](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_in_point "Percentage in point") in FX forward markets. [Expense ratios](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expense_ratio "Expense ratio") of [investment funds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_fund "Investment fund") are often quoted in basis points.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-4) ## Permyriad \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Permyriad")\] A related concept is one part per ten thousand, ⁠1/10,000⁠. The same unit is also (rarely) called a permyriad, literally meaning "for (every) [myriad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriad "Myriad") (ten thousand)".[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-6) If used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between [percentage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage "Percentage") and [percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"). ### Unicode \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Unicode")\] A permyriad is written with `U+2031`‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (`&pertenk;`)[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-8) which looks like a [percent sign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_sign "Percent sign") % with three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the [denominator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denominator "Denominator") of "⁠1/10,000⁠", although it originates as a natural extension of the [percent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent "Percent") % and [permille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permille "Permille") ‰ signs). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad: `U+060A`؊ ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN. ## Related units \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Related units")\] - [Percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point") difference of 1 part in 100 - [Percentage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage "Percentage") (%) 1 part in 100 - [Per mille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permille "Permille") (‰) 1 part in 1,000 - [Per cent mille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_cent_mille "Per cent mille") (pcm) 1 part in 100,000 - [Parts per million](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts_per_million "Parts per million") (ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000 ## See also \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: See also")\] - [Parts-per notation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts-per_notation "Parts-per notation") – Set of units to describe small values - [Per-unit system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per-unit_system "Per-unit system") – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions - [Percent point function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_point_function "Percent point function") – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution - [Tick size](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick_size "Tick size") – Smallest price increment for stock price ## References \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basis_point&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: References")\] 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-1) ["Beep"](http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/beep.asp). [Investopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investopedia "Investopedia"). 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-2) Chad Langager. ["Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used"](https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/what-basis-point-bps/). Investopedia. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-3) Staff, Editorial (2024-02-29). ["What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?"](https://www.webnots.com/what-is-per-ten-thousand-%E2%80%B1-sign-and-how-to-make-it-with-keyboard/). WebNots. Retrieved 2026-01-28. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-4) Constable, Simon (September 4, 2013). ["What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20161009013236/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828). Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones. Archived from [the original](https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828) on 2016-10-09. Retrieved 2017-04-22. "Investors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the "Investor" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points. When people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio." 5. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-5) ["myriad"](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/myriad). www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-6) ["myriad"](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/myriad). Dictionary.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018. 7. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-7) AG, Compart. ["Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart"](https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+2031). www.compart.com/en. Retrieved 2026-01-28. 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-8) ["General Punctuation"](https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2000.pdf) (PDF). [The Unicode Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unicode_Consortium "The Unicode Consortium"). 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Readable Markdown	From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia \| ‱ \| \| \|---\|---\| \| per ten thousand sign \| \| \| In [Unicode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode "Unicode") \| U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (\&pertenk;) \| \| Related \| \| \| See also \| U+0025 % [PERCENT SIGN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_sign "Percent sign") U+2030 ‰ [PER MILLE SIGN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille "Per mille") (per thousand) \| A basis point (often abbreviated as bp, often pronounced as "bip" or "beep"[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-1)) is one hundredth of 1 [percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"). Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent.[\[2\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-2) The related term [permyriad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#Permyriad) means one part per ten thousand. [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/250px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg) Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block [(larger version)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/1280px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png) 1 basis point (bp) = 0.01%, 10−4, ⁠1/10,000⁠, or 0.0001. 10 bp = 0.1%, 10−3, ⁠1/1,000⁠, or 0.001.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-3) 100 bp = 1%, 10−2, ⁠1/100⁠, or 0.01. Basis points are used as a convenient [unit of measurement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_measurement "Unit of measurement") in contexts where percentage differences of less than 1% are discussed. The most common example is [interest rates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_rate "Interest rate"), where differences in interest rates of less than 1% per year are usually meaningful to talk about. For example, a difference of 0.10 percentage points is equivalent to a change of 10 basis points (e.g., a 4.67% rate increases by 10 basis points to 4.77%). In other words, an increase of 100 basis points means a rise by 1 percentage point. Like [percentage points](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"), basis points avoid the ambiguity between relative and absolute discussions about [interest rates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_rate "Interest rate") by dealing only with the absolute change in numeric value of a rate. For example, if a report says there has been a "1% increase" from a 10% interest rate, this could refer to an increase either from 10% to 10.1% (relative, 1% of 10%), or from 10% to 11% (absolute, 1% plus 10%). However, if the report says there has been a "100 basis point increase" from a 10% interest rate, then the interest rate of 10% has increased by 1.00% (the absolute change) to an 11% rate. It is common practice in the financial industry to use basis points to denote a rate change in a [financial instrument](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_instrument "Financial instrument"), or the difference ([spread](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield_spread "Yield spread")) between two interest rates, including the [yields](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield_\(finance\) "Yield (finance)") of [fixed-income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_income "Fixed income") [securities](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_\(finance\) "Security (finance)"). Since certain [loans](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loans "Loans") and [bonds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_\(finance\) "Bond (finance)") may commonly be quoted in relation to some index or underlying security, they will often be quoted as a spread over (or under) the index. For example, a loan that bears [interest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest "Interest") of 0.50% per annum above the [Secured Overnight Financing Rate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secured_Overnight_Financing_Rate "Secured Overnight Financing Rate") (SOFR) is said to be 50 basis points over SOFR, which is commonly expressed as "S+50bps" or simply "S+50". The term "basis point" has its origins in trading the "basis" or the spread between two interest rates. Since the basis is usually small, these are quoted multiplied up by 10,000, and hence a "full point" movement in the "basis" is a basis point. Contrast with [pips](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_in_point "Percentage in point") in FX forward markets. [Expense ratios](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expense_ratio "Expense ratio") of [investment funds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_fund "Investment fund") are often quoted in basis points.[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-4) A related concept is one part per ten thousand, ⁠1/10,000⁠. The same unit is also (rarely) called a permyriad, literally meaning "for (every) [myriad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myriad "Myriad") (ten thousand)".[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-6) If used interchangeably with basis point, the permyriad is potentially confusing because an increase of one basis point to a 10 basis point value is generally understood to mean an increase to 11 basis points; not an increase of one part in ten thousand, meaning an increase to 10.001 basis points. This is akin to the difference between [percentage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage "Percentage") and [percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point"). A permyriad is written with U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (\&pertenk;)[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-7)[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_note-8) which looks like a [percent sign](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_sign "Percent sign") % with three zeroes to the right of the slash. (It can be regarded as a stylized form of the four zeros in the [denominator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denominator "Denominator") of "⁠1/10,000⁠", although it originates as a natural extension of the [percent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent "Percent") % and [permille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permille "Permille") ‰ signs). There also exists an Arabic-Indic permyriad: U+060A ؊ ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN. - [Percentage point](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point "Percentage point") difference of 1 part in 100 - [Percentage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage "Percentage") (%) 1 part in 100 - [Per mille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permille "Permille") (‰) 1 part in 1,000 - [Per cent mille](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_cent_mille "Per cent mille") (pcm) 1 part in 100,000 - [Parts per million](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts_per_million "Parts per million") (ppm) 1 part in 1,000,000 - [Parts-per notation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts-per_notation "Parts-per notation") – Set of units to describe small values - [Per-unit system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per-unit_system "Per-unit system") – In power systems, expression of system quantities as fractions - [Percent point function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_point_function "Percent point function") – Statistical function that defines the quantiles of a probability distribution - [Tick size](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick_size "Tick size") – Smallest price increment for stock price 1. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-1) ["Beep"](http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/beep.asp). [Investopedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investopedia "Investopedia"). 2. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-2) Chad Langager. ["Basis Point (BPS) Definition & How It's Used"](https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/what-basis-point-bps/). Investopedia. 3. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-3) Staff, Editorial (2024-02-29). ["What is Per Ten Thousand (‱) Sign and How to Type with Keyboard?"](https://www.webnots.com/what-is-per-ten-thousand-%E2%80%B1-sign-and-how-to-make-it-with-keyboard/). WebNots. Retrieved 2026-01-28. 4. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-4) Constable, Simon (September 4, 2013). ["What Is a Basis Point and Why Is It So Important?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20161009013236/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828). Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones. Archived from [the original](https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324823804579017141254359828) on 2016-10-09. Retrieved 2017-04-22. "Investors also refer to basis points when discussing the cost of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Typically, fund expenses are expressed as an annual percentage of assets. For instance, the "Investor" share class of Vanguard Total Stock Market Index, the largest stock mutual fund, has expenses of 0.17%, or 17 basis points. When people compare fund expenses, they measure the difference in basis points. A fund with expenses of 0.45% is said to be five basis points more expensive than one with a 0.40% ratio." 5. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-5) ["myriad"](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/myriad). www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018. 6. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-6) ["myriad"](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/myriad). Dictionary.com. Retrieved 9 April 2018. 7. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-7) AG, Compart. ["Find all Unicode Characters from Hieroglyphs to Dingbats – Unicode Compart"](https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+2031). www.compart.com/en. Retrieved 2026-01-28. 8. [^](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point#cite_ref-8) ["General Punctuation"](https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2000.pdf) (PDF). [The Unicode Consortium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unicode_Consortium "The Unicode Consortium"). Retrieved 17 Sep 2011. - [![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg) Media related to [Basis point](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Basis_point "commons:Category:Basis point") at Wikimedia Commons
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