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| Boilerpipe Text | In Singapore’s dynamic real estate landscape, the introduction of increased Additional Buyer’s Stamp Duty (ABSD) rates has significantly reshaped the calculus of property investment and ownership.
Gone are the golden days of the 1990s, when Singapore’s property investors navigated the market with ease, leveraging rental income from one property to finance the acquisition of the next, and so on—a virtuous cycle that made the dream of building a vast property portfolio seem effortless. Fast forward to today, the scene has dramatically transformed.
The ABSD, a hefty tax imposed on the purchase of second and subsequent properties, has emerged as a formidable barrier, challenging even the most astute investors to rethink their strategies.
Whether you’re aiming to expand your portfolio or stepping into the realm of property ownership for the first time, join us as we explore the intricacies of ABSD and unearth viable paths to optimize your investments in Singapore’s ever-evolving property landscape.
What is the ABSD rate in Singapore 2025?
For those unfamiliar, ABSD is a type of property stamp duty tax levied buyers must pay when purchasing residential property in Singapore. In December 2011, it was introduced as a cooling measure to deter Singaporeans, foreigners, and entities from purchasing multiple properties for speculative purposes.
The ABSD rate is calculated based on the selling price or the market valuation of the property (whichever is higher). Other factors like the buyer’s nationality and property ownership status play a role in deciding applicable ABSD rates.
On 27 April 2023, the Singaporean
government announced
an increase in ABSD rates, particularly impacting foreign buyers who then faced a hefty 60% tax on property purchases. Let’s look at the ABSD Singapore rates as of 2025 after the April 2023 property cooling measures:
Â
First Property
Second Property
Third and Subsequent Property
Singapore Citizens (SCs)
No ABSD
20%
30%
Permanent Residents (PRs)
5%
30%
35%
Foreigners*
60%
60%
60%
Entities / Trustees
65%
65%
65%
Housing Developers
35%* + 5%**
35%* + 5%**
35%* + 5%**
Table 1. ABSD Singapore Rates on or after 27 April 2023
*Housing developers have the option to request ABSD remission, contingent on meeting specific conditions.
**The 5% will not be remitted and is to be paid upfront upon purchase of residential property
Here are some notable changes to the ABSD rates for residential property:
No change to ABSD rates for SCs and PRs purchasing their first residential property, constituting almost 90% of private residential property transactions in 2022.
Second residential property for Singapore citizens (SCs): ABSD rates increased from
17%
to
20%
.
Third or subsequent residential property for SCs and second property for Singapore Permanent Residents (PRs): ABSD rates rose from
25%
to
30%
.
Third or subsequent residential property for Singapore PRs: ABSD rates rose from
30%
to
35%
.
Residential property purchases by foreigners: ABSD rates surged from
30%
to
60%
.
Residential property purchases by entities or trusts (excluding housing developers): ABSD rates jumped from
35%
to
65%
.
When a property in Singapore is jointly bought by individuals with differing profiles, the applicable ABSD rate defaults to the highest rate among the buyers. For instance, in a joint purchase by a Singapore Citizen and a foreigner, the higher ABSD rate applicable to the foreigner will be imposed on the total purchase price of the property.
The Singaporean authorities announced the introduction of property cooling measures in April 2023, following observations of “renewed signs of acceleration” in property prices during the first quarter of 2023, driven by persistent demand.
Since 2011, ABSD rates have been adjusted multiple times – in January 2013, July 2018, December 2021 and again in April 2023 – in a targeted response by the government to address rising property prices.
All property buyers, including Singaporean citizens, permanent residents, and foreigners, will now have to pay increased ABSD on top of the standard Buyer’s Stamp Duty (BSD) charged on all property investments in Singapore.
Can ABSD be refunded?
Yes, ABSD can be refunded for single Singaporeans aged 55 and above under specific conditions. This initiative, announced by Finance Minister Lawrence Wong, aims to support seniors looking to downsize. The refund applies when they sell their first property within six months after buying a lower-value replacement.
This move, effective from Feb 16 2024, extends the ABSD concession previously available only to married couples, facilitating more manageable transitions for older singles looking to adjust their living arrangements without the financial burden of additional taxes.
How to avoid paying ABSD in Singapore?
Given the latest changes in ABSD rates, here are some legal ways to excuse from paying ABSD in 2025:
1. Upgrade to an Executive Condominium (EC)
If you intend to upgrade your home but don’t plan to own two properties simultaneously, you need to pay the ABSD upfront. That’s annoying!
However, you can seek ABSD remission if you sell your previous flat within six months of acquiring the new home. It implies that you must still come up with the hefty 20% tax (or 25% for Permanent Residents) in cash or from your CPF account (yes, you can pay stamp duties like the ABSD with your CPF monies).
However, there’s a positive aspect to this: this particular rule only pertains to private condos. You don’t have to pay ABSD upfront when purchasing a new EC. Additionally, EC buyers receive upfront remission on ABSD. However, you need to sell your previous flat within six months after collecting the keys to your EC to qualify for this exemption. At least you don’t have to fork out the hefty ABSD fee upfront.
Note:
If purchasing a newly developed property, you can use your CPF funds to make ABSD payments. For resale properties, the initial payment must be in cash through your lawyer. Once you become the legal owner of the property, you can then apply to use your CPF for ABSD payments.
Do I need to pay ABSD if I buy a private property?
When you upgrade from an HDB flat to a private property or buy another private home, you’ll have to pay ABSD upfront. That payment can be in cash or from your CPF account within 14 days of signing the Sales and Purchase (S&P) Agreement.
However, there’s a way to get some relief. If you sell your first property within six months, you can apply for an ABSD remission, which means you might get some of the money back.
2. Selling your first property before committing to a second property
If you’re eyeing a second property and wish to avoid the ABSD, a common approach is to arrange the sale of your first property before committing to the
Option to Purchase (OTP)
for your second one.
The idea is straightforward: you sell your existing property and utilise the sale proceeds to purchase another property under your name while your spouse simultaneously acquires a smaller property.
Let’s say you and your spouse sell your 4-room HDB flat for $500,000. You can then use $300,000 from the sale as a downpayment for a $1 million condo in your name while your spouse contributes $200,000 towards a smaller condo in their name. Since both of you don’t own any other property at the time of purchase (as your previous property has been sold), neither of you will be subject to ABSD.
If you can find temporary accommodation or rent a place, selling your existing property before purchasing a new one ensures you are not subject to ABSD as you transition to your new home.
However, it’s essential to consider that for this strategy to be successful, you and your spouse must meet the eligibility criteria for the respective mortgages. This approach offers a practical way to navigate ABSD requirements while pursuing your property investment goals.
3. National or Permanent Resident under the Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)
Depending on your nationality, you might be exempt from or eligible for remission of ABSD under FTAs. Nationals or Permanent Residents of the following countries enjoy the same ABSD rates as Singaporeans when buying residential properties in Singapore:
Iceland
Liechtenstein
Norway
Switzerland, and
The United States of America
This privilege arises from the “national treatment” obligation outlined in the Singapore-European Free Trade Association (ESFTA) agreement.
Nationals or Permanent Residents of these countries are exempted from ABSD for their first property but pay ABSD for second and subsequent property purchases.
Nationals and Permanent Residents of these countries are eligible for ABSD remission under the respective FTAs. The remission can be facilitated by their conveyancing lawyer through the e-stamping portal on the IRAS website.
Impact of increased ABSD in Singapore on foreign buyers
The recent increase in ABSD rates in April 2023 has effectively deterred many potential foreign buyers and investors from purchasing properties in Singapore. This impact is clearly observed in the significant drop in condominium transactions by foreign buyers in the second quarter of 2023.
According to data from URA caveats, there were merely 108 transactions involving non-landed private properties by foreigners in Q2 2023, marking a drastic 59.2% drop in transaction volume quarter-on-quarter from the 265 transactions recorded in Q1 2023.
As mentioned earlier, the government increased ABSD for foreigners purchasing private property – a whopping 100% increase from 30% to 60%. Due to this, property acquisitions by foreign buyers (most active in the Core Central Region and luxury segment) have witnessed a sharp decline.
The prospect of paying $1.2 million in ABSD for a $2 million property would prompt even the most affluent investors to reconsider their decisions.
Moreover, the implementation of rigorous anti-money laundering measures in August 2023 significantly affected the Singapore property market, particularly the luxury segment. These measures introduced stringent checks on foreign buyers and their sources of funds, resulting in a marked decrease in transactions.
For the first nine months of 2024, only 56 new homes were purchased by foreign nationals and 306 by PRs, reflecting a sharp decline from previous years. Historically, foreign buyers constituted 4% to 7% of the annual new sales volume between 2018 and 2023, with PRs accounting for 12% to 13%. However, by September 2024, these figures had dropped to 2% for foreign buyers and 10% for PRs.
The resale property market mirrors this trend. A notable observation is the higher number of PRs purchasing resale homes compared to new units. This can be attributed to various factors such as immediate housing needs due to employment, plans to settle families, educational pursuits, or legacy investment intentions.
Conversely, the number of foreign buyers in both new and resale markets has seen fluctuations within the range of 300 to 600 units annually until a significant decline to below 200 units in 2024.
From 2018 to 2023, foreign buyers accounted for 3% to 6% of annual resale transactions, while PRs made up 19% to 21%. In contrast, from January to September 2024, the share of foreign buyers plummeted to 1.4%, although PR transactions remained robust at 20% of the resale market.
4. Buy the first home under one spouse’s name
Arguably, one of the easiest ways around ABSD is buying the property under one spouse’s name instead of the usual joint ownership.
If you and your spouse have the means to invest in a private property and one of you can comfortably manage the mortgage alone, this strategy can help you circumvent the ABSD when contemplating a second property purchase.
Consider this scenario: Purchase your first home solely under one spouse’s name. This step liberates the other spouse from ABSD obligations, making them eligible to buy another property as a first-time buyer without incurring additional stamp duty costs.
This approach offers a hassle-free solution to navigating ABSD when acquiring a second property, provided you meet specific criteria. You can designate either you or your spouse as an essential occupier as opposed to being a co-applicant or co-owner.
This choice requires some pre-planning, typically during the HDB flat application process. Once designated as an essential occupier, this individual can purchase a private property without incurring ABSD after the 5-year Minimum Occupation Period (MOP), enjoying the status of a first-time homeowner.
Additionally, you’ll be eligible for a higher loan-to-value (LTV) limit of 75%, compared to the 55% limit for second-timers. However, it’s essential to consider that essential occupiers cannot utilise their CPF for the first flat’s payment, including the downpayment and monthly instalments. Ensure that the primary applicant has adequate CPF funds for the downpayment.
Lastly, it’s essential to consider the potential legal implications. In the event of a dispute or divorce, the essential occupier, despite significant financial contributions, does not hold legal ownership of the property if it’s solely under the other spouse’s name. It highlights the need for careful planning and understanding of the potential consequences when pursuing this strategy.
5. Explore investment in industrial and commercial properties
Investing in commercial properties in Singapore offers a compelling strategy to bypass the ABSD that typically applies to residential properties. Here’s why this avenue is worth considering:
i. ABSD Exemption:
Commercial properties are not subject to ABSD rates. This exemption makes them an attractive option for investors looking to expand their property portfolio without additional stamp duties.
ii. Higher Rental Yields:
Commercial properties tend to yield higher rental returns, averaging around 5%, compared to the 2% to 3% typically seen in the residential sector. This potential for increased income can make commercial property investments financially rewarding.
However, it’s crucial to be aware of the unique characteristics and risks associated with commercial properties:
Higher Costs:
Commercial properties generally have a higher price tag than residential properties, necessitating more substantial cash outlays.
Cash Payments:
The downpayment for commercial properties must be made entirely in cash, unlike residential properties where you can use CPF.
GST Charges:
Commercial properties are subject to Goods and Services Tax (GST), currently at 8%. You must pay the GST charge in cash.
While commercial property investments can be lucrative, they require thorough research and a deep understanding of the commercial real estate landscape, which differs significantly from residential property.
Different segments, such as shophouses, retail spaces, offices, and industrial sites, come with varying risks and returns, making it essential to tailor your investment strategy to your objectives and financial capacity.
6. Purchase a property under a trust for your children
Another viable method to bypass the ABSD is to buy the property and name it under a trust for your children.
When you buy a property under a trust for your children, the property legally belongs to them. That exempts you from paying ABSD. To execute this strategy, you’ll need the assistance of a conveyancing lawyer.
Previously, a 35% ABSD charge would apply if the property was purchased under your children’s name (provided they didn’t own any other properties).
However, as of 27 April 2023, a 65% ABSD is payable upfront for any transfer of a residential property to a living trust, regardless of the presence of an identifiable beneficiary. A refund of ABSD can be applied within six months after the trust document is executed.
Eligibility criteria for ABSD refund:
All beneficial owners of the residential property must be identifiable individuals (i.e., you cannot transfer it to an unborn child).
The beneficiary owner must own the property at the time of application, not in the future.
The trust deed cannot be changed, revoked, or subject to conditions, ensuring it constitutes a genuine gift to the beneficiary.
Key considerations:
Buying property under a trust is suitable for those with significant cash reserves, as banks do not offer loans for trust properties.
The property is legally owned by your child, and the rental income or sales proceeds also belong to them.
Draft the trust document meticulously to meet ABSD refund conditions, as errors can result in financial losses.
Essentially, this method allows you to set up a property trust for your child below 21 years old, effectively buying a property under their name while avoiding ABSD.
7. Buying a dual-key unit and renting out the sub-unit
Dual-key units offer a unique proposition wherein you’re purchasing a home that consists of two separate units, side by side, but for the price of a single unit. This arrangement provides a distinct advantage when it comes to ABSD since it’s one property, helping you avoid the ABSD that you might incur when buying your second property.
In a dual-key unit, the primary and the sub-unit share a common foyer while maintaining independent living spaces. Depending on the unit’s layout, each portion can have dedicated living areas, including kitchens and bathrooms. This versatility appeals to a broad spectrum of buyers and investors. It allows homeowners to rent out the sub-unit while retaining their privacy.
However, it’s important to note that the uniqueness of dual-key units often comes with a higher price per square foot. In fact, they can cost up to 25% more than conventional units. Despite the added cost, the potential for rental income and the flexibility offered can make dual-key units an attractive investment option for those seeking both privacy and rental returns.
8. Decoupling (if the cost doesn’t exceed the ABSD)
One of the most popular ways to avoid the ABSD is to decouple. For properties purchased jointly, consider decoupling by transferring one spouse’s share to the other. It allows the spouse who was not the sole owner of the first property to buy a second property under their own name – without incurring the ABSD. However, decoupling has its costs and considerations.
Transferring shares of property between spouses is not free. If you both own a $1 million property, and your spouse transfers her 50% share of the property to you, you’d still have to pay the BSD on $500,000 as you would need to buy from them.
The BSD rates were revised with effect from 15 February 2023. Here are the new BSD rates for higher-value residential properties:
Purchase Price/ Market Value
BSD Rates for Residential Properties
   First $180,000    Â
1%
Next $180,000
2%
Next $640,000
3%
Next $500,000
4%
Next $1,500,000
5%
Above $3,000,000
6%
Table 2. Buyer Stamp Duty (BSD) rates on or after 15 February 2023
Additionally, other stamp duties, such as the Seller’s Stamp Duty (SSD), may also apply if the property is decoupled within the first three years of buying it.
Other costs include conveyancing fees, prepayment penalties for a bank loan, and miscellaneous costs such as valuation fees.
Consider all the costs of the decoupling process and ensure they are less than paying the actual ABSD, otherwise, there’s no point in doing it.
If you want to decouple when buying a new property, ensure the sole owner has the income to support the new mortgage.
Is decoupling illegal in Singapore?
Decoupling itself is not illegal, but using it to evade paying ABSD tax is. To understand this, we must understand the difference between tax avoidance and tax evasion.
Tax avoidance involves using legitimate methods and strategies to reduce tax liability. While tax avoidance is within the boundaries of the law, it may sometimes include arrangements that appear artificial or contrived and lack genuine commercial purpose.
On the contrary, tax evasion is the illegal act of deliberately evading taxes through fraudulent means. Tax evasion is illegal and subject to penalties, including fines and imprisonment. It typically involves deliberate deceit or illegal actions to reduce tax liability and is strictly prohibited by tax authorities.
So, we can say that decoupling is a possible way to avoid tax. However, if anyone is deliberately providing inaccurate or incomplete information about their activities to reduce their ABSD tax liability, it will be considered tax evasion.
The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) is now investigating property purchases where the homeownership is split in a 99-to-1 ratio.
IRAS aims to uncover “contrived or artificial” setups homebuyers use to avoid paying ABSD. Buyers who entered into a 99-to-1 scheme with the possible intention of tax avoidance, in which the 1% stake is sold after the OTP (option to purchase) is exercised, might come under the radar of Singapore’s tax authority.
Defaulters may have to pay the stamp duty plus a 50% surcharge on the additional duty payable, with further penalties if not paid by the deadline.
Do I need to pay ABSD if I have overseas property?
The ABSD is exclusive to local residential properties in Singapore, exempting overseas property ownership from these calculations. In other words, overseas property ownership does not factor into ABSD obligations when acquiring Singaporean residential properties.
However, specific restrictions apply when owning HDB flats and overseas residential properties. If you possess overseas residential property and plan to buy an HDB flat, you must sell the overseas property within six months of the HDB purchase. Owning an HDB flat in Singapore restricts you from purchasing residential property overseas until you’ve met the HDB’s MOP (typically five years).
If you already own real estate, including other HDB flats and local or overseas private properties, you are ineligible to buy an HDB flat in Singapore.
Is it worth it to pay ABSD in Singapore?
In 2025, Singapore’s property market presents a nuanced landscape, questioning whether paying the ABSD is a wise decision. It demands a deep understanding of the revised ABSD rates and a strategic property ownership approach.
Property experts emphasise that, at times, paying ABSD can be a prudent choice. That holds particularly true when a property offers significant appreciation potential or a robust rental yield. In such scenarios, the potential gains might outweigh the costs associated with ABSD.
The key takeaway is that potential property investors should not forego potentially lucrative opportunities solely to evade ABSD payments. Instead, weigh the long-term benefits of property appreciation and rental income against the upfront ABSD expense.
In essence, while ABSD may seem like an additional financial burden, it should be assessed in the context of the property’s overall investment potential, which may justify the cost.
Final Thoughts
The recent changes to ABSD rates in Singapore have compelled property buyers to explore legal ways to minimise or avoid ABSD payments. Singaporean upgraders should consider selling their existing properties before purchasing new ones to avoid the rush to sell within six months and the associated ABSD costs.
If that’s not feasible, the strategies discussed can help you legally minimise your ABSD obligations.
While these strategies offer options, assess your situation, financial capability, and investment goals. It’s wise to seek professional advice to navigate the intricate landscape of property ownership in Singapore effectively and make informed investment decisions.
If you’re planning to invest in property, it’s essential to understand how the new ABSD rates hike may affect you and take a strategic approach to your investments.
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Home Loan Features
# How To Avoid ABSD Legally in Singapore 2025 – 8 Ways
Obsessed about optimising interest costs vs savings for all types of mortgages in Singapore.
Jovin
In Singapore’s dynamic real estate landscape, the introduction of increased Additional Buyer’s Stamp Duty (ABSD) rates has significantly reshaped the calculus of property investment and ownership.
Gone are the golden days of the 1990s, when Singapore’s property investors navigated the market with ease, leveraging rental income from one property to finance the acquisition of the next, and so on—a virtuous cycle that made the dream of building a vast property portfolio seem effortless. Fast forward to today, the scene has dramatically transformed.
The ABSD, a hefty tax imposed on the purchase of second and subsequent properties, has emerged as a formidable barrier, challenging even the most astute investors to rethink their strategies.
Whether you’re aiming to expand your portfolio or stepping into the realm of property ownership for the first time, join us as we explore the intricacies of ABSD and unearth viable paths to optimize your investments in Singapore’s ever-evolving property landscape.
## What is the ABSD rate in Singapore 2025?
For those unfamiliar, ABSD is a type of property stamp duty tax levied buyers must pay when purchasing residential property in Singapore. In December 2011, it was introduced as a cooling measure to deter Singaporeans, foreigners, and entities from purchasing multiple properties for speculative purposes.
The ABSD rate is calculated based on the selling price or the market valuation of the property (whichever is higher). Other factors like the buyer’s nationality and property ownership status play a role in deciding applicable ABSD rates.
On 27 April 2023, the Singaporean [government announced](https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/property-cooling-measures-absd-additional-buyers-stamp-duty-doubled-foreigners-increase-3446376) an increase in ABSD rates, particularly impacting foreign buyers who then faced a hefty 60% tax on property purchases. Let’s look at the ABSD Singapore rates as of 2025 after the April 2023 property cooling measures:
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **First Property** | **Second Property** | **Third and Subsequent Property** |
| **Singapore Citizens (SCs)** | No ABSD | 20% | 30% |
| **Permanent Residents (PRs)** | 5% | 30% | 35% |
| **Foreigners\*** | 60% | 60% | 60% |
| **Entities / Trustees** | 65% | 65% | 65% |
| **Housing Developers** | 35%\* + 5%\*\* | 35%\* + 5%\*\* | 35%\* + 5%\*\* |
*Table 1. ABSD Singapore Rates on or after 27 April 2023*
*\*Housing developers have the option to request ABSD remission, contingent on meeting specific conditions.*
*\*\*The 5% will not be remitted and is to be paid upfront upon purchase of residential property*
Here are some notable changes to the ABSD rates for residential property:
- No change to ABSD rates for SCs and PRs purchasing their first residential property, constituting almost 90% of private residential property transactions in 2022.
- Second residential property for Singapore citizens (SCs): ABSD rates increased from **17%** to **20%**.
- Third or subsequent residential property for SCs and second property for Singapore Permanent Residents (PRs): ABSD rates rose from **25%** to **30%**.
- Third or subsequent residential property for Singapore PRs: ABSD rates rose from **30%** to **35%**.
- Residential property purchases by foreigners: ABSD rates surged from **30%** to **60%**.
- Residential property purchases by entities or trusts (excluding housing developers): ABSD rates jumped from **35%** to **65%**.
When a property in Singapore is jointly bought by individuals with differing profiles, the applicable ABSD rate defaults to the highest rate among the buyers. For instance, in a joint purchase by a Singapore Citizen and a foreigner, the higher ABSD rate applicable to the foreigner will be imposed on the total purchase price of the property.
The Singaporean authorities announced the introduction of property cooling measures in April 2023, following observations of “renewed signs of acceleration” in property prices during the first quarter of 2023, driven by persistent demand.
Since 2011, ABSD rates have been adjusted multiple times – in January 2013, July 2018, December 2021 and again in April 2023 – in a targeted response by the government to address rising property prices.
All property buyers, including Singaporean citizens, permanent residents, and foreigners, will now have to pay increased ABSD on top of the standard Buyer’s Stamp Duty (BSD) charged on all property investments in Singapore.
## Can ABSD be refunded?
Yes, ABSD can be refunded for single Singaporeans aged 55 and above under specific conditions. This initiative, announced by Finance Minister Lawrence Wong, aims to support seniors looking to downsize. The refund applies when they sell their first property within six months after buying a lower-value replacement.
This move, effective from Feb 16 2024, extends the ABSD concession previously available only to married couples, facilitating more manageable transitions for older singles looking to adjust their living arrangements without the financial burden of additional taxes.
## How to avoid paying ABSD in Singapore?
Given the latest changes in ABSD rates, here are some legal ways to excuse from paying ABSD in 2025:
### 1\. Upgrade to an Executive Condominium (EC)
If you intend to upgrade your home but don’t plan to own two properties simultaneously, you need to pay the ABSD upfront. That’s annoying\!
However, you can seek ABSD remission if you sell your previous flat within six months of acquiring the new home. It implies that you must still come up with the hefty 20% tax (or 25% for Permanent Residents) in cash or from your CPF account (yes, you can pay stamp duties like the ABSD with your CPF monies).
However, there’s a positive aspect to this: this particular rule only pertains to private condos. You don’t have to pay ABSD upfront when purchasing a new EC. Additionally, EC buyers receive upfront remission on ABSD. However, you need to sell your previous flat within six months after collecting the keys to your EC to qualify for this exemption. At least you don’t have to fork out the hefty ABSD fee upfront.
**Note:** If purchasing a newly developed property, you can use your CPF funds to make ABSD payments. For resale properties, the initial payment must be in cash through your lawyer. Once you become the legal owner of the property, you can then apply to use your CPF for ABSD payments.
#### Do I need to pay ABSD if I buy a private property?
When you upgrade from an HDB flat to a private property or buy another private home, you’ll have to pay ABSD upfront. That payment can be in cash or from your CPF account within 14 days of signing the Sales and Purchase (S\&P) Agreement.
However, there’s a way to get some relief. If you sell your first property within six months, you can apply for an ABSD remission, which means you might get some of the money back.
### 2\. Selling your first property before committing to a second property
If you’re eyeing a second property and wish to avoid the ABSD, a common approach is to arrange the sale of your first property before committing to the [Option to Purchase (OTP)](https://dollarbackmortgage.com/blog/what-is-option-to-purchase-hdb-private-fees/) for your second one.
The idea is straightforward: you sell your existing property and utilise the sale proceeds to purchase another property under your name while your spouse simultaneously acquires a smaller property.
Let’s say you and your spouse sell your 4-room HDB flat for \$500,000. You can then use \$300,000 from the sale as a downpayment for a \$1 million condo in your name while your spouse contributes \$200,000 towards a smaller condo in their name. Since both of you don’t own any other property at the time of purchase (as your previous property has been sold), neither of you will be subject to ABSD.
If you can find temporary accommodation or rent a place, selling your existing property before purchasing a new one ensures you are not subject to ABSD as you transition to your new home.
However, it’s essential to consider that for this strategy to be successful, you and your spouse must meet the eligibility criteria for the respective mortgages. This approach offers a practical way to navigate ABSD requirements while pursuing your property investment goals.
### 3\. National or Permanent Resident under the Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)
Depending on your nationality, you might be exempt from or eligible for remission of ABSD under FTAs. Nationals or Permanent Residents of the following countries enjoy the same ABSD rates as Singaporeans when buying residential properties in Singapore:
- Iceland
- Liechtenstein
- Norway
- Switzerland, and
- The United States of America
This privilege arises from the “national treatment” obligation outlined in the Singapore-European Free Trade Association (ESFTA) agreement.
Nationals or Permanent Residents of these countries are exempted from ABSD for their first property but pay ABSD for second and subsequent property purchases.
Nationals and Permanent Residents of these countries are eligible for ABSD remission under the respective FTAs. The remission can be facilitated by their conveyancing lawyer through the e-stamping portal on the IRAS website.
#### Impact of increased ABSD in Singapore on foreign buyers
The recent increase in ABSD rates in April 2023 has effectively deterred many potential foreign buyers and investors from purchasing properties in Singapore. This impact is clearly observed in the significant drop in condominium transactions by foreign buyers in the second quarter of 2023.
According to data from URA caveats, there were merely 108 transactions involving non-landed private properties by foreigners in Q2 2023, marking a drastic 59.2% drop in transaction volume quarter-on-quarter from the 265 transactions recorded in Q1 2023.
As mentioned earlier, the government increased ABSD for foreigners purchasing private property – a whopping 100% increase from 30% to 60%. Due to this, property acquisitions by foreign buyers (most active in the Core Central Region and luxury segment) have witnessed a sharp decline.
The prospect of paying \$1.2 million in ABSD for a \$2 million property would prompt even the most affluent investors to reconsider their decisions.
Moreover, the implementation of rigorous anti-money laundering measures in August 2023 significantly affected the Singapore property market, particularly the luxury segment. These measures introduced stringent checks on foreign buyers and their sources of funds, resulting in a marked decrease in transactions.
For the first nine months of 2024, only 56 new homes were purchased by foreign nationals and 306 by PRs, reflecting a sharp decline from previous years. Historically, foreign buyers constituted 4% to 7% of the annual new sales volume between 2018 and 2023, with PRs accounting for 12% to 13%. However, by September 2024, these figures had dropped to 2% for foreign buyers and 10% for PRs.
The resale property market mirrors this trend. A notable observation is the higher number of PRs purchasing resale homes compared to new units. This can be attributed to various factors such as immediate housing needs due to employment, plans to settle families, educational pursuits, or legacy investment intentions.
Conversely, the number of foreign buyers in both new and resale markets has seen fluctuations within the range of 300 to 600 units annually until a significant decline to below 200 units in 2024.
From 2018 to 2023, foreign buyers accounted for 3% to 6% of annual resale transactions, while PRs made up 19% to 21%. In contrast, from January to September 2024, the share of foreign buyers plummeted to 1.4%, although PR transactions remained robust at 20% of the resale market.
### 4\. Buy the first home under one spouse’s name
Arguably, one of the easiest ways around ABSD is buying the property under one spouse’s name instead of the usual joint ownership.
If you and your spouse have the means to invest in a private property and one of you can comfortably manage the mortgage alone, this strategy can help you circumvent the ABSD when contemplating a second property purchase.
Consider this scenario: Purchase your first home solely under one spouse’s name. This step liberates the other spouse from ABSD obligations, making them eligible to buy another property as a first-time buyer without incurring additional stamp duty costs.
This approach offers a hassle-free solution to navigating ABSD when acquiring a second property, provided you meet specific criteria. You can designate either you or your spouse as an essential occupier as opposed to being a co-applicant or co-owner.
This choice requires some pre-planning, typically during the HDB flat application process. Once designated as an essential occupier, this individual can purchase a private property without incurring ABSD after the 5-year Minimum Occupation Period (MOP), enjoying the status of a first-time homeowner.
Additionally, you’ll be eligible for a higher loan-to-value (LTV) limit of 75%, compared to the 55% limit for second-timers. However, it’s essential to consider that essential occupiers cannot utilise their CPF for the first flat’s payment, including the downpayment and monthly instalments. Ensure that the primary applicant has adequate CPF funds for the downpayment.
Lastly, it’s essential to consider the potential legal implications. In the event of a dispute or divorce, the essential occupier, despite significant financial contributions, does not hold legal ownership of the property if it’s solely under the other spouse’s name. It highlights the need for careful planning and understanding of the potential consequences when pursuing this strategy.
### 5\. Explore investment in industrial and commercial properties
Investing in commercial properties in Singapore offers a compelling strategy to bypass the ABSD that typically applies to residential properties. Here’s why this avenue is worth considering:
**i. ABSD Exemption:** Commercial properties are not subject to ABSD rates. This exemption makes them an attractive option for investors looking to expand their property portfolio without additional stamp duties.
**ii. Higher Rental Yields:** Commercial properties tend to yield higher rental returns, averaging around 5%, compared to the 2% to 3% typically seen in the residential sector. This potential for increased income can make commercial property investments financially rewarding.
However, it’s crucial to be aware of the unique characteristics and risks associated with commercial properties:
- **Higher Costs:** Commercial properties generally have a higher price tag than residential properties, necessitating more substantial cash outlays.
- **Cash Payments:** The downpayment for commercial properties must be made entirely in cash, unlike residential properties where you can use CPF.
- **GST Charges:** Commercial properties are subject to Goods and Services Tax (GST), currently at 8%. You must pay the GST charge in cash.
While commercial property investments can be lucrative, they require thorough research and a deep understanding of the commercial real estate landscape, which differs significantly from residential property.
Different segments, such as shophouses, retail spaces, offices, and industrial sites, come with varying risks and returns, making it essential to tailor your investment strategy to your objectives and financial capacity.
### 6\. Purchase a property under a trust for your children
Another viable method to bypass the ABSD is to buy the property and name it under a trust for your children.
When you buy a property under a trust for your children, the property legally belongs to them. That exempts you from paying ABSD. To execute this strategy, you’ll need the assistance of a conveyancing lawyer.
Previously, a 35% ABSD charge would apply if the property was purchased under your children’s name (provided they didn’t own any other properties).
However, as of 27 April 2023, a 65% ABSD is payable upfront for any transfer of a residential property to a living trust, regardless of the presence of an identifiable beneficiary. A refund of ABSD can be applied within six months after the trust document is executed.
#### Eligibility criteria for ABSD refund:
- All beneficial owners of the residential property must be identifiable individuals (i.e., you cannot transfer it to an unborn child).
- The beneficiary owner must own the property at the time of application, not in the future.
- The trust deed cannot be changed, revoked, or subject to conditions, ensuring it constitutes a genuine gift to the beneficiary.
#### Key considerations:
- Buying property under a trust is suitable for those with significant cash reserves, as banks do not offer loans for trust properties.
- The property is legally owned by your child, and the rental income or sales proceeds also belong to them.
- Draft the trust document meticulously to meet ABSD refund conditions, as errors can result in financial losses.
Essentially, this method allows you to set up a property trust for your child below 21 years old, effectively buying a property under their name while avoiding ABSD.
### 7\. Buying a dual-key unit and renting out the sub-unit
Dual-key units offer a unique proposition wherein you’re purchasing a home that consists of two separate units, side by side, but for the price of a single unit. This arrangement provides a distinct advantage when it comes to ABSD since it’s one property, helping you avoid the ABSD that you might incur when buying your second property.
In a dual-key unit, the primary and the sub-unit share a common foyer while maintaining independent living spaces. Depending on the unit’s layout, each portion can have dedicated living areas, including kitchens and bathrooms. This versatility appeals to a broad spectrum of buyers and investors. It allows homeowners to rent out the sub-unit while retaining their privacy.
However, it’s important to note that the uniqueness of dual-key units often comes with a higher price per square foot. In fact, they can cost up to 25% more than conventional units. Despite the added cost, the potential for rental income and the flexibility offered can make dual-key units an attractive investment option for those seeking both privacy and rental returns.
### 8\. Decoupling (if the cost doesn’t exceed the ABSD)
One of the most popular ways to avoid the ABSD is to decouple. For properties purchased jointly, consider decoupling by transferring one spouse’s share to the other. It allows the spouse who was not the sole owner of the first property to buy a second property under their own name – without incurring the ABSD. However, decoupling has its costs and considerations.
Transferring shares of property between spouses is not free. If you both own a \$1 million property, and your spouse transfers her 50% share of the property to you, you’d still have to pay the BSD on \$500,000 as you would need to buy from them.
The BSD rates were revised with effect from 15 February 2023. Here are the new BSD rates for higher-value residential properties:
| | |
|---|---|
| **Purchase Price/ Market Value** | **BSD Rates for Residential Properties** |
| First \$180,000 | 1% |
| Next \$180,000 | 2% |
| Next \$640,000 | 3% |
| Next \$500,000 | 4% |
| Next \$1,500,000 | 5% |
| Above \$3,000,000 | 6% |
*Table 2. Buyer Stamp Duty (BSD) rates on or after 15 February 2023*
Additionally, other stamp duties, such as the Seller’s Stamp Duty (SSD), may also apply if the property is decoupled within the first three years of buying it.
Other costs include conveyancing fees, prepayment penalties for a bank loan, and miscellaneous costs such as valuation fees.
Consider all the costs of the decoupling process and ensure they are less than paying the actual ABSD, otherwise, there’s no point in doing it.
If you want to decouple when buying a new property, ensure the sole owner has the income to support the new mortgage.
## Is decoupling illegal in Singapore?
Decoupling itself is not illegal, but using it to evade paying ABSD tax is. To understand this, we must understand the difference between tax avoidance and tax evasion.
Tax avoidance involves using legitimate methods and strategies to reduce tax liability. While tax avoidance is within the boundaries of the law, it may sometimes include arrangements that appear artificial or contrived and lack genuine commercial purpose.
On the contrary, tax evasion is the illegal act of deliberately evading taxes through fraudulent means. Tax evasion is illegal and subject to penalties, including fines and imprisonment. It typically involves deliberate deceit or illegal actions to reduce tax liability and is strictly prohibited by tax authorities.
So, we can say that decoupling is a possible way to avoid tax. However, if anyone is deliberately providing inaccurate or incomplete information about their activities to reduce their ABSD tax liability, it will be considered tax evasion.
The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) is now investigating property purchases where the homeownership is split in a 99-to-1 ratio.
IRAS aims to uncover “contrived or artificial” setups homebuyers use to avoid paying ABSD. Buyers who entered into a 99-to-1 scheme with the possible intention of tax avoidance, in which the 1% stake is sold after the OTP (option to purchase) is exercised, might come under the radar of Singapore’s tax authority.
Defaulters may have to pay the stamp duty plus a 50% surcharge on the additional duty payable, with further penalties if not paid by the deadline.
## Do I need to pay ABSD if I have overseas property?
The ABSD is exclusive to local residential properties in Singapore, exempting overseas property ownership from these calculations. In other words, overseas property ownership does not factor into ABSD obligations when acquiring Singaporean residential properties.
However, specific restrictions apply when owning HDB flats and overseas residential properties. If you possess overseas residential property and plan to buy an HDB flat, you must sell the overseas property within six months of the HDB purchase. Owning an HDB flat in Singapore restricts you from purchasing residential property overseas until you’ve met the HDB’s MOP (typically five years).
If you already own real estate, including other HDB flats and local or overseas private properties, you are ineligible to buy an HDB flat in Singapore.
## Is it worth it to pay ABSD in Singapore?
In 2025, Singapore’s property market presents a nuanced landscape, questioning whether paying the ABSD is a wise decision. It demands a deep understanding of the revised ABSD rates and a strategic property ownership approach.
Property experts emphasise that, at times, paying ABSD can be a prudent choice. That holds particularly true when a property offers significant appreciation potential or a robust rental yield. In such scenarios, the potential gains might outweigh the costs associated with ABSD.
The key takeaway is that potential property investors should not forego potentially lucrative opportunities solely to evade ABSD payments. Instead, weigh the long-term benefits of property appreciation and rental income against the upfront ABSD expense.
In essence, while ABSD may seem like an additional financial burden, it should be assessed in the context of the property’s overall investment potential, which may justify the cost.
## Final Thoughts
The recent changes to ABSD rates in Singapore have compelled property buyers to explore legal ways to minimise or avoid ABSD payments. Singaporean upgraders should consider selling their existing properties before purchasing new ones to avoid the rush to sell within six months and the associated ABSD costs.
If that’s not feasible, the strategies discussed can help you legally minimise your ABSD obligations.
While these strategies offer options, assess your situation, financial capability, and investment goals. It’s wise to seek professional advice to navigate the intricate landscape of property ownership in Singapore effectively and make informed investment decisions.
If you’re planning to invest in property, it’s essential to understand how the new ABSD rates hike may affect you and take a strategic approach to your investments.
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| Readable Markdown | In Singapore’s dynamic real estate landscape, the introduction of increased Additional Buyer’s Stamp Duty (ABSD) rates has significantly reshaped the calculus of property investment and ownership.
Gone are the golden days of the 1990s, when Singapore’s property investors navigated the market with ease, leveraging rental income from one property to finance the acquisition of the next, and so on—a virtuous cycle that made the dream of building a vast property portfolio seem effortless. Fast forward to today, the scene has dramatically transformed.
The ABSD, a hefty tax imposed on the purchase of second and subsequent properties, has emerged as a formidable barrier, challenging even the most astute investors to rethink their strategies.
Whether you’re aiming to expand your portfolio or stepping into the realm of property ownership for the first time, join us as we explore the intricacies of ABSD and unearth viable paths to optimize your investments in Singapore’s ever-evolving property landscape.
## What is the ABSD rate in Singapore 2025?
For those unfamiliar, ABSD is a type of property stamp duty tax levied buyers must pay when purchasing residential property in Singapore. In December 2011, it was introduced as a cooling measure to deter Singaporeans, foreigners, and entities from purchasing multiple properties for speculative purposes.
The ABSD rate is calculated based on the selling price or the market valuation of the property (whichever is higher). Other factors like the buyer’s nationality and property ownership status play a role in deciding applicable ABSD rates.
On 27 April 2023, the Singaporean [government announced](https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/property-cooling-measures-absd-additional-buyers-stamp-duty-doubled-foreigners-increase-3446376) an increase in ABSD rates, particularly impacting foreign buyers who then faced a hefty 60% tax on property purchases. Let’s look at the ABSD Singapore rates as of 2025 after the April 2023 property cooling measures:
| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | **First Property** | **Second Property** | **Third and Subsequent Property** |
| **Singapore Citizens (SCs)** | No ABSD | 20% | 30% |
| **Permanent Residents (PRs)** | 5% | 30% | 35% |
| **Foreigners\*** | 60% | 60% | 60% |
| **Entities / Trustees** | 65% | 65% | 65% |
| **Housing Developers** | 35%\* + 5%\*\* | 35%\* + 5%\*\* | 35%\* + 5%\*\* |
*Table 1. ABSD Singapore Rates on or after 27 April 2023*
*\*Housing developers have the option to request ABSD remission, contingent on meeting specific conditions.*
*\*\*The 5% will not be remitted and is to be paid upfront upon purchase of residential property*
Here are some notable changes to the ABSD rates for residential property:
- No change to ABSD rates for SCs and PRs purchasing their first residential property, constituting almost 90% of private residential property transactions in 2022.
- Second residential property for Singapore citizens (SCs): ABSD rates increased from **17%** to **20%**.
- Third or subsequent residential property for SCs and second property for Singapore Permanent Residents (PRs): ABSD rates rose from **25%** to **30%**.
- Third or subsequent residential property for Singapore PRs: ABSD rates rose from **30%** to **35%**.
- Residential property purchases by foreigners: ABSD rates surged from **30%** to **60%**.
- Residential property purchases by entities or trusts (excluding housing developers): ABSD rates jumped from **35%** to **65%**.
When a property in Singapore is jointly bought by individuals with differing profiles, the applicable ABSD rate defaults to the highest rate among the buyers. For instance, in a joint purchase by a Singapore Citizen and a foreigner, the higher ABSD rate applicable to the foreigner will be imposed on the total purchase price of the property.
The Singaporean authorities announced the introduction of property cooling measures in April 2023, following observations of “renewed signs of acceleration” in property prices during the first quarter of 2023, driven by persistent demand.
Since 2011, ABSD rates have been adjusted multiple times – in January 2013, July 2018, December 2021 and again in April 2023 – in a targeted response by the government to address rising property prices.
All property buyers, including Singaporean citizens, permanent residents, and foreigners, will now have to pay increased ABSD on top of the standard Buyer’s Stamp Duty (BSD) charged on all property investments in Singapore.
## Can ABSD be refunded?
Yes, ABSD can be refunded for single Singaporeans aged 55 and above under specific conditions. This initiative, announced by Finance Minister Lawrence Wong, aims to support seniors looking to downsize. The refund applies when they sell their first property within six months after buying a lower-value replacement.
This move, effective from Feb 16 2024, extends the ABSD concession previously available only to married couples, facilitating more manageable transitions for older singles looking to adjust their living arrangements without the financial burden of additional taxes.
## How to avoid paying ABSD in Singapore?
Given the latest changes in ABSD rates, here are some legal ways to excuse from paying ABSD in 2025:
### 1\. Upgrade to an Executive Condominium (EC)
If you intend to upgrade your home but don’t plan to own two properties simultaneously, you need to pay the ABSD upfront. That’s annoying\!
However, you can seek ABSD remission if you sell your previous flat within six months of acquiring the new home. It implies that you must still come up with the hefty 20% tax (or 25% for Permanent Residents) in cash or from your CPF account (yes, you can pay stamp duties like the ABSD with your CPF monies).
However, there’s a positive aspect to this: this particular rule only pertains to private condos. You don’t have to pay ABSD upfront when purchasing a new EC. Additionally, EC buyers receive upfront remission on ABSD. However, you need to sell your previous flat within six months after collecting the keys to your EC to qualify for this exemption. At least you don’t have to fork out the hefty ABSD fee upfront.
**Note:** If purchasing a newly developed property, you can use your CPF funds to make ABSD payments. For resale properties, the initial payment must be in cash through your lawyer. Once you become the legal owner of the property, you can then apply to use your CPF for ABSD payments.
#### Do I need to pay ABSD if I buy a private property?
When you upgrade from an HDB flat to a private property or buy another private home, you’ll have to pay ABSD upfront. That payment can be in cash or from your CPF account within 14 days of signing the Sales and Purchase (S\&P) Agreement.
However, there’s a way to get some relief. If you sell your first property within six months, you can apply for an ABSD remission, which means you might get some of the money back.
### 2\. Selling your first property before committing to a second property
If you’re eyeing a second property and wish to avoid the ABSD, a common approach is to arrange the sale of your first property before committing to the [Option to Purchase (OTP)](https://dollarbackmortgage.com/blog/what-is-option-to-purchase-hdb-private-fees/) for your second one.
The idea is straightforward: you sell your existing property and utilise the sale proceeds to purchase another property under your name while your spouse simultaneously acquires a smaller property.
Let’s say you and your spouse sell your 4-room HDB flat for \$500,000. You can then use \$300,000 from the sale as a downpayment for a \$1 million condo in your name while your spouse contributes \$200,000 towards a smaller condo in their name. Since both of you don’t own any other property at the time of purchase (as your previous property has been sold), neither of you will be subject to ABSD.
If you can find temporary accommodation or rent a place, selling your existing property before purchasing a new one ensures you are not subject to ABSD as you transition to your new home.
However, it’s essential to consider that for this strategy to be successful, you and your spouse must meet the eligibility criteria for the respective mortgages. This approach offers a practical way to navigate ABSD requirements while pursuing your property investment goals.
### 3\. National or Permanent Resident under the Free Trade Agreements (FTAs)
Depending on your nationality, you might be exempt from or eligible for remission of ABSD under FTAs. Nationals or Permanent Residents of the following countries enjoy the same ABSD rates as Singaporeans when buying residential properties in Singapore:
- Iceland
- Liechtenstein
- Norway
- Switzerland, and
- The United States of America
This privilege arises from the “national treatment” obligation outlined in the Singapore-European Free Trade Association (ESFTA) agreement.
Nationals or Permanent Residents of these countries are exempted from ABSD for their first property but pay ABSD for second and subsequent property purchases.
Nationals and Permanent Residents of these countries are eligible for ABSD remission under the respective FTAs. The remission can be facilitated by their conveyancing lawyer through the e-stamping portal on the IRAS website.
#### Impact of increased ABSD in Singapore on foreign buyers
The recent increase in ABSD rates in April 2023 has effectively deterred many potential foreign buyers and investors from purchasing properties in Singapore. This impact is clearly observed in the significant drop in condominium transactions by foreign buyers in the second quarter of 2023.
According to data from URA caveats, there were merely 108 transactions involving non-landed private properties by foreigners in Q2 2023, marking a drastic 59.2% drop in transaction volume quarter-on-quarter from the 265 transactions recorded in Q1 2023.
As mentioned earlier, the government increased ABSD for foreigners purchasing private property – a whopping 100% increase from 30% to 60%. Due to this, property acquisitions by foreign buyers (most active in the Core Central Region and luxury segment) have witnessed a sharp decline.
The prospect of paying \$1.2 million in ABSD for a \$2 million property would prompt even the most affluent investors to reconsider their decisions.
Moreover, the implementation of rigorous anti-money laundering measures in August 2023 significantly affected the Singapore property market, particularly the luxury segment. These measures introduced stringent checks on foreign buyers and their sources of funds, resulting in a marked decrease in transactions.
For the first nine months of 2024, only 56 new homes were purchased by foreign nationals and 306 by PRs, reflecting a sharp decline from previous years. Historically, foreign buyers constituted 4% to 7% of the annual new sales volume between 2018 and 2023, with PRs accounting for 12% to 13%. However, by September 2024, these figures had dropped to 2% for foreign buyers and 10% for PRs.
The resale property market mirrors this trend. A notable observation is the higher number of PRs purchasing resale homes compared to new units. This can be attributed to various factors such as immediate housing needs due to employment, plans to settle families, educational pursuits, or legacy investment intentions.
Conversely, the number of foreign buyers in both new and resale markets has seen fluctuations within the range of 300 to 600 units annually until a significant decline to below 200 units in 2024.
From 2018 to 2023, foreign buyers accounted for 3% to 6% of annual resale transactions, while PRs made up 19% to 21%. In contrast, from January to September 2024, the share of foreign buyers plummeted to 1.4%, although PR transactions remained robust at 20% of the resale market.
### 4\. Buy the first home under one spouse’s name
Arguably, one of the easiest ways around ABSD is buying the property under one spouse’s name instead of the usual joint ownership.
If you and your spouse have the means to invest in a private property and one of you can comfortably manage the mortgage alone, this strategy can help you circumvent the ABSD when contemplating a second property purchase.
Consider this scenario: Purchase your first home solely under one spouse’s name. This step liberates the other spouse from ABSD obligations, making them eligible to buy another property as a first-time buyer without incurring additional stamp duty costs.
This approach offers a hassle-free solution to navigating ABSD when acquiring a second property, provided you meet specific criteria. You can designate either you or your spouse as an essential occupier as opposed to being a co-applicant or co-owner.
This choice requires some pre-planning, typically during the HDB flat application process. Once designated as an essential occupier, this individual can purchase a private property without incurring ABSD after the 5-year Minimum Occupation Period (MOP), enjoying the status of a first-time homeowner.
Additionally, you’ll be eligible for a higher loan-to-value (LTV) limit of 75%, compared to the 55% limit for second-timers. However, it’s essential to consider that essential occupiers cannot utilise their CPF for the first flat’s payment, including the downpayment and monthly instalments. Ensure that the primary applicant has adequate CPF funds for the downpayment.
Lastly, it’s essential to consider the potential legal implications. In the event of a dispute or divorce, the essential occupier, despite significant financial contributions, does not hold legal ownership of the property if it’s solely under the other spouse’s name. It highlights the need for careful planning and understanding of the potential consequences when pursuing this strategy.
### 5\. Explore investment in industrial and commercial properties
Investing in commercial properties in Singapore offers a compelling strategy to bypass the ABSD that typically applies to residential properties. Here’s why this avenue is worth considering:
**i. ABSD Exemption:** Commercial properties are not subject to ABSD rates. This exemption makes them an attractive option for investors looking to expand their property portfolio without additional stamp duties.
**ii. Higher Rental Yields:** Commercial properties tend to yield higher rental returns, averaging around 5%, compared to the 2% to 3% typically seen in the residential sector. This potential for increased income can make commercial property investments financially rewarding.
However, it’s crucial to be aware of the unique characteristics and risks associated with commercial properties:
- **Higher Costs:** Commercial properties generally have a higher price tag than residential properties, necessitating more substantial cash outlays.
- **Cash Payments:** The downpayment for commercial properties must be made entirely in cash, unlike residential properties where you can use CPF.
- **GST Charges:** Commercial properties are subject to Goods and Services Tax (GST), currently at 8%. You must pay the GST charge in cash.
While commercial property investments can be lucrative, they require thorough research and a deep understanding of the commercial real estate landscape, which differs significantly from residential property.
Different segments, such as shophouses, retail spaces, offices, and industrial sites, come with varying risks and returns, making it essential to tailor your investment strategy to your objectives and financial capacity.
### 6\. Purchase a property under a trust for your children
Another viable method to bypass the ABSD is to buy the property and name it under a trust for your children.
When you buy a property under a trust for your children, the property legally belongs to them. That exempts you from paying ABSD. To execute this strategy, you’ll need the assistance of a conveyancing lawyer.
Previously, a 35% ABSD charge would apply if the property was purchased under your children’s name (provided they didn’t own any other properties).
However, as of 27 April 2023, a 65% ABSD is payable upfront for any transfer of a residential property to a living trust, regardless of the presence of an identifiable beneficiary. A refund of ABSD can be applied within six months after the trust document is executed.
#### Eligibility criteria for ABSD refund:
- All beneficial owners of the residential property must be identifiable individuals (i.e., you cannot transfer it to an unborn child).
- The beneficiary owner must own the property at the time of application, not in the future.
- The trust deed cannot be changed, revoked, or subject to conditions, ensuring it constitutes a genuine gift to the beneficiary.
#### Key considerations:
- Buying property under a trust is suitable for those with significant cash reserves, as banks do not offer loans for trust properties.
- The property is legally owned by your child, and the rental income or sales proceeds also belong to them.
- Draft the trust document meticulously to meet ABSD refund conditions, as errors can result in financial losses.
Essentially, this method allows you to set up a property trust for your child below 21 years old, effectively buying a property under their name while avoiding ABSD.
### 7\. Buying a dual-key unit and renting out the sub-unit
Dual-key units offer a unique proposition wherein you’re purchasing a home that consists of two separate units, side by side, but for the price of a single unit. This arrangement provides a distinct advantage when it comes to ABSD since it’s one property, helping you avoid the ABSD that you might incur when buying your second property.
In a dual-key unit, the primary and the sub-unit share a common foyer while maintaining independent living spaces. Depending on the unit’s layout, each portion can have dedicated living areas, including kitchens and bathrooms. This versatility appeals to a broad spectrum of buyers and investors. It allows homeowners to rent out the sub-unit while retaining their privacy.
However, it’s important to note that the uniqueness of dual-key units often comes with a higher price per square foot. In fact, they can cost up to 25% more than conventional units. Despite the added cost, the potential for rental income and the flexibility offered can make dual-key units an attractive investment option for those seeking both privacy and rental returns.
### 8\. Decoupling (if the cost doesn’t exceed the ABSD)
One of the most popular ways to avoid the ABSD is to decouple. For properties purchased jointly, consider decoupling by transferring one spouse’s share to the other. It allows the spouse who was not the sole owner of the first property to buy a second property under their own name – without incurring the ABSD. However, decoupling has its costs and considerations.
Transferring shares of property between spouses is not free. If you both own a \$1 million property, and your spouse transfers her 50% share of the property to you, you’d still have to pay the BSD on \$500,000 as you would need to buy from them.
The BSD rates were revised with effect from 15 February 2023. Here are the new BSD rates for higher-value residential properties:
| | |
|---|---|
| **Purchase Price/ Market Value** | **BSD Rates for Residential Properties** |
| First \$180,000 | 1% |
| Next \$180,000 | 2% |
| Next \$640,000 | 3% |
| Next \$500,000 | 4% |
| Next \$1,500,000 | 5% |
| Above \$3,000,000 | 6% |
*Table 2. Buyer Stamp Duty (BSD) rates on or after 15 February 2023*
Additionally, other stamp duties, such as the Seller’s Stamp Duty (SSD), may also apply if the property is decoupled within the first three years of buying it.
Other costs include conveyancing fees, prepayment penalties for a bank loan, and miscellaneous costs such as valuation fees.
Consider all the costs of the decoupling process and ensure they are less than paying the actual ABSD, otherwise, there’s no point in doing it.
If you want to decouple when buying a new property, ensure the sole owner has the income to support the new mortgage.
## Is decoupling illegal in Singapore?
Decoupling itself is not illegal, but using it to evade paying ABSD tax is. To understand this, we must understand the difference between tax avoidance and tax evasion.
Tax avoidance involves using legitimate methods and strategies to reduce tax liability. While tax avoidance is within the boundaries of the law, it may sometimes include arrangements that appear artificial or contrived and lack genuine commercial purpose.
On the contrary, tax evasion is the illegal act of deliberately evading taxes through fraudulent means. Tax evasion is illegal and subject to penalties, including fines and imprisonment. It typically involves deliberate deceit or illegal actions to reduce tax liability and is strictly prohibited by tax authorities.
So, we can say that decoupling is a possible way to avoid tax. However, if anyone is deliberately providing inaccurate or incomplete information about their activities to reduce their ABSD tax liability, it will be considered tax evasion.
The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) is now investigating property purchases where the homeownership is split in a 99-to-1 ratio.
IRAS aims to uncover “contrived or artificial” setups homebuyers use to avoid paying ABSD. Buyers who entered into a 99-to-1 scheme with the possible intention of tax avoidance, in which the 1% stake is sold after the OTP (option to purchase) is exercised, might come under the radar of Singapore’s tax authority.
Defaulters may have to pay the stamp duty plus a 50% surcharge on the additional duty payable, with further penalties if not paid by the deadline.
## Do I need to pay ABSD if I have overseas property?
The ABSD is exclusive to local residential properties in Singapore, exempting overseas property ownership from these calculations. In other words, overseas property ownership does not factor into ABSD obligations when acquiring Singaporean residential properties.
However, specific restrictions apply when owning HDB flats and overseas residential properties. If you possess overseas residential property and plan to buy an HDB flat, you must sell the overseas property within six months of the HDB purchase. Owning an HDB flat in Singapore restricts you from purchasing residential property overseas until you’ve met the HDB’s MOP (typically five years).
If you already own real estate, including other HDB flats and local or overseas private properties, you are ineligible to buy an HDB flat in Singapore.
## Is it worth it to pay ABSD in Singapore?
In 2025, Singapore’s property market presents a nuanced landscape, questioning whether paying the ABSD is a wise decision. It demands a deep understanding of the revised ABSD rates and a strategic property ownership approach.
Property experts emphasise that, at times, paying ABSD can be a prudent choice. That holds particularly true when a property offers significant appreciation potential or a robust rental yield. In such scenarios, the potential gains might outweigh the costs associated with ABSD.
The key takeaway is that potential property investors should not forego potentially lucrative opportunities solely to evade ABSD payments. Instead, weigh the long-term benefits of property appreciation and rental income against the upfront ABSD expense.
In essence, while ABSD may seem like an additional financial burden, it should be assessed in the context of the property’s overall investment potential, which may justify the cost.
## Final Thoughts
The recent changes to ABSD rates in Singapore have compelled property buyers to explore legal ways to minimise or avoid ABSD payments. Singaporean upgraders should consider selling their existing properties before purchasing new ones to avoid the rush to sell within six months and the associated ABSD costs.
If that’s not feasible, the strategies discussed can help you legally minimise your ABSD obligations.
While these strategies offer options, assess your situation, financial capability, and investment goals. It’s wise to seek professional advice to navigate the intricate landscape of property ownership in Singapore effectively and make informed investment decisions.
If you’re planning to invest in property, it’s essential to understand how the new ABSD rates hike may affect you and take a strategic approach to your investments.
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