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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 89 (from laksa049)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa089.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction","crawl_time":1776400577,"first_indexed_time":1740099269,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,clickhouse!\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction s443","src_root_hash":"12633450985039531489","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"AggregateFunction Type | ClickHouse Docs","meta_descriptions":["Documentation for the AggregateFunction data type in ClickHouse, which stores intermediate states of aggregate functions"],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"Description\n\nAll\nAggregate functions\nin ClickHouse have\nan implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an\nAggregateFunction\ndata type and stored in a table. This is usually done by\nmeans of a\nmaterialized view\n.\nThere are two aggregate function\ncombinators\ncommonly used with the\nAggregateFunction\ntype:\nThe\n-State\naggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate\nfunction name, produces\nAggregateFunction\nintermediate states.\nThe\n-Merge\naggregate\nfunction combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation\nfrom the intermediate states.\nSyntax\n\nAggregateFunction\n(\naggregate_function_name\n,\ntypes_of_arguments\n.\n.\n.\n)\nParameters\naggregate_function_name\n- The name of an aggregate function. If the function\nis parametric, then its parameters should be specified too.\ntypes_of_arguments\n- The types of the aggregate function arguments.\nfor example:\nCREATE\nTABLE\nt\n(\ncolumn1 AggregateFunction\n(\nuniq\n,\nUInt64\n)\n,\ncolumn2 AggregateFunction\n(\nanyIf\n,\nString\n,\nUInt8\n)\n,\ncolumn3 AggregateFunction\n(\nquantiles\n(\n0.5\n,\n0.9\n)\n,\nUInt64\n)\n)\nENGINE\n=\n.\n.\n.\nUsage\n\nData Insertion\n\nTo insert data into a table with columns of type\nAggregateFunction\n, you can\nuse\nINSERT SELECT\nwith aggregate functions and the\n-State\naggregate\nfunction combinator.\nFor example, to insert into columns of type\nAggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64)\nand\nAggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)\nyou would use the following\naggregate functions with combinators.\nuniqState\n(\nUserID\n)\nquantilesState\n(\n0.5\n,\n0.9\n)\n(\nSendTiming\n)\nIn contrast to functions\nuniq\nand\nquantiles\n,\nuniqState\nand\nquantilesState\n(with\n-State\ncombinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value.\nIn other words, they return a value of\nAggregateFunction\ntype.\nIn the results of the\nSELECT\nquery, values of type\nAggregateFunction\nhave\nimplementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output\nformats.\nThere is a special Session level setting\naggregate_function_input_format\nthat allows to build state from the input values.\nIt supports the following formats:\nstate\n- binary string with the serialized state (the default).\nIf you dump data into, for example, the\nTabSeparated\nformat with a\nSELECT\nquery, then this dump can be loaded back using the\nINSERT\nquery.\nvalue\n- the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state\narray\n- the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state\nData Selection\n\nWhen selecting data from\nAggregatingMergeTree\ntable, use the\nGROUP BY\nclause\nand the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the\n-Merge\ncombinator.\nAn aggregate function with the\n-Merge\ncombinator appended to it takes a set of\nstates, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation.\nFor example, the following two queries return the same result:\nSELECT\nuniq\n(\nUserID\n)\nFROM\ntable\nSELECT\nuniqMerge\n(\nstate\n)\nFROM\n(\nSELECT\nuniqState\n(\nUserID\n)\nAS\nstate\nFROM\ntable\nGROUP\nBY\nRegionID\n)\nUsage Example\n\nSee\nAggregatingMergeTree\nengine description.\nRelated Content\n\nBlog:\nUsing Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse\nMergeState\ncombinator.\nState\ncombinator.","attrs_markdown":"[Skip to main content](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback)\n\n[![ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/img\/ch_logo_docs.svg)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/)\n\n- [Products](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction)\n  \n  - [ClickHouse Cloud Best way to use ClickHouse. 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Available on AWS, GCP, and Azure.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/cloud)\n  - [BYOC (Bring Your Own Cloud) The fully managed ClickHouse Cloud service, Can be deployed in your AWS account.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/cloud\/bring-your-own-cloud)\n  - [ClickHouse Set up a database with open-source ClickHouse. ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/clickhouse)\n  - [Discover more than 100 integrations.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/integrations)\n  \n  [Discover more than 100 integrations.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/integrations)\n- [Use cases](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction)\n  \n  - [Real-time analytics](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases\/real-time-analytics)\n  - [Machine Learning & Generative AI](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases\/machine-learning-and-data-science)\n  - [Business Intelligence](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases\/data-warehousing)\n  - [Logs, Events, Traces](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases\/observability)\n  - [All use cases](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases)\n  \n  [All use cases](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/use-cases)\n- [Documentation](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs)\n- [Resources](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction)\n  \n  - [User stories](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/user-stories)\n  - 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[Syntax](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/syntax)\n  - [Input and Output Formats](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/formats)\n  - [Data types](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types)\n    - [Int \\| UInt](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/int-uint)\n    - [Float32 \\| Float64 \\| BFloat16](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/float)\n    - [Decimal](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/decimal)\n    - [String](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/string)\n    - [FixedString(N)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/fixedstring)\n    - [Date](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/date)\n    - [Date32](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/date32)\n    - [Time](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/time)\n    - [DateTime](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/datetime)\n    - [Time64](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/time64)\n    - [DateTime64](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/datetime64)\n    - [Enum](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/enum)\n    - [UUID](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/uuid)\n    - [IPv4](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/ipv4)\n    - [IPv6](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/ipv6)\n    - [Array(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/array)\n    - [Boolean](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/boolean)\n    - [Tuple(T1, T2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/tuple)\n    - [Map(K, V)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/map)\n    - [Variant(T1, T2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/variant)\n    - [LowCardinality(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/lowcardinality)\n    - [Nullable(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/nullable)\n    - [AggregateFunction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction)\n    - [SimpleAggregateFunction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/simpleaggregatefunction)\n    - [Geo](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/geo)\n    - [Special Data Types](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/special-data-types)\n    - [Data types binary encoding specification.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/data-types-binary-encoding)\n    - [Domains](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/domains)\n    - [Nested(Name1 Type1, Name2 Type2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/nested-data-structures\/nested)\n    - [Dynamic](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/dynamic)\n    - [JSON](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/newjson)\n    - [QBit](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/qbit)\n  - [Statements](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/statements)\n  - [Operators](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/operators)\n- [Engines](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/engines)\n  - [Database Engines](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/engines\/database-engines)\n  - [Table Engines](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/engines\/table-engines)\n- [Functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/functions)\n  - [Regular functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/functions\/regular-functions)\n  - [Aggregate functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions)\n  - [Table functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/table-functions)\n  - [Window functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/window-functions)\n- [Formats](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/interfaces\/formats)\n- [Data Lakes](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/datalakes)\n\n- [Introduction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference)\n- [Data types](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types)\n- AggregateFunction\n\n[Edit this page](https:\/\/github.com\/ClickHouse\/ClickHouse\/tree\/master\/docs\/en\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction.md)\n\n# AggregateFunction Type\n## Description[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#description \"Direct link to Description\")\nAll [Aggregate functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions) in ClickHouse have an implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an `AggregateFunction` data type and stored in a table. This is usually done by means of a [materialized view](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/statements\/create\/view).\n\nThere are two aggregate function [combinators](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators) commonly used with the `AggregateFunction` type:\n\n- The [`-State`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate function name, produces `AggregateFunction` intermediate states.\n- The [`-Merge`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-merge) aggregate function combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation from the intermediate states.\n## Syntax[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#syntax \"Direct link to Syntax\")\n```\nAggregateFunction(aggregate_function_name, types_of_arguments...)\n```\n**Parameters**\n\n- `aggregate_function_name` - The name of an aggregate function. If the function is parametric, then its parameters should be specified too.\n- `types_of_arguments` - The types of the aggregate function arguments.\n\nfor example:\n```\nCREATE TABLE t\n(\n    column1 AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64),\n    column2 AggregateFunction(anyIf, String, UInt8),\n    column3 AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)\n) ENGINE = ...\n```\n## Usage[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage \"Direct link to Usage\")\n### Data Insertion[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-insertion \"Direct link to Data Insertion\")\nTo insert data into a table with columns of type `AggregateFunction`, you can use `INSERT SELECT` with aggregate functions and the [`-State`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator.\n\nFor example, to insert into columns of type `AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64)` and `AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)` you would use the following aggregate functions with combinators.\n```\nuniqState(UserID)\nquantilesState(0.5, 0.9)(SendTiming)\n```\nIn contrast to functions `uniq` and `quantiles`, `uniqState` and `quantilesState` (with `-State` combinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value. In other words, they return a value of `AggregateFunction` type.\n\nIn the results of the `SELECT` query, values of type `AggregateFunction` have implementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output formats.\n\nThere is a special Session level setting `aggregate_function_input_format` that allows to build state from the input values. It supports the following formats:\n\n- `state` - binary string with the serialized state (the default). If you dump data into, for example, the `TabSeparated` format with a `SELECT` query, then this dump can be loaded back using the `INSERT` query.\n- `value` - the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state\n- `array` - the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state\n### Data Selection[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-selection \"Direct link to Data Selection\")\nWhen selecting data from `AggregatingMergeTree` table, use the `GROUP BY` clause and the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the [`-Merge`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-merge) combinator.\n\nAn aggregate function with the `-Merge` combinator appended to it takes a set of states, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation.\n\nFor example, the following two queries return the same result:\n```\nSELECT uniq(UserID) FROM table\n\nSELECT uniqMerge(state) FROM (SELECT uniqState(UserID) AS state FROM table GROUP BY RegionID)\n```\n## Usage Example[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage-example \"Direct link to Usage Example\")\nSee [AggregatingMergeTree](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/engines\/table-engines\/mergetree-family\/aggregatingmergetree) engine description.\n\n## Related Content[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#related-content \"Direct link to Related Content\")\n- Blog: [Using Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/blog\/aggregate-functions-combinators-in-clickhouse-for-arrays-maps-and-states)\n- [MergeState](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-mergestate) combinator.\n- [State](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) combinator.\n\n[Previous Nullable(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/nullable)\n\n[Next SimpleAggregateFunction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/simpleaggregatefunction)\n\n- [Description](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#description)\n- [Syntax](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#syntax)\n- [Usage](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage)\n  - [Data Insertion](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-insertion)\n  - [Data Selection](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-selection)\n- [Usage Example](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage-example)\n- [Related Content](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#related-content)\n\nWas this page helpful?\n\n###### Try ClickHouse Cloud for FREE\nSeparation of storage and compute, automatic scaling, built-in SQL console, and lots more. \\$300 in free credits when signing up.\n\n[Try it for Free](https:\/\/console.clickhouse.cloud\/signUp?loc=doc-card-banner&glxid=a0d5e403-d905-4068-8fc0-e2aae6645c9b&pagePath=%2Fdocs%2Fsql-reference%2Fdata-types%2Faggregatefunction&origPath=%2Fdocs%2Fsql-reference%2Fdata-types%2Faggregatefunction&utm_ga=GA1.1.1031461531.1776400579)\n\n© 2016–2026 ClickHouse, Inc.\n\n[Trademark](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/trademark-policy)·[Privacy](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/privacy-policy)·[Security](https:\/\/trust.clickhouse.com\/)·[Terms of Service](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/agreements\/terms-of-service)\n\n![](https:\/\/static.scarf.sh\/a.png?x-pxid=e6377503-591b-4886-9398-e69c7fee0b91)\n\n© 2016–2026 ClickHouse, Inc.\n\n[Trademark](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/trademark-policy)·[Privacy](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/privacy-policy)·[Security](https:\/\/trust.clickhouse.com\/)·[Terms of Service](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/legal\/agreements\/terms-of-service)\n\n![](https:\/\/static.scarf.sh\/a.png?x-pxid=e6377503-591b-4886-9398-e69c7fee0b91)\n\n[![ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/img\/ch_logo_docs.svg)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/)\n\nEN\n\n- Get started▼\n- Cloud▼\n- Manage data▼\n- Server admin▼\n- Reference▼\n- Integrations▼\n- ClickStack▼\n- chDB▼\n- About▼\n\n[![ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/img\/ch_logo_docs.svg)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/)\n\nEN\n\nmain-menu\n\n- Introduction▼\n  - [Syntax](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/syntax)\n  - [Input and Output Formats](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/formats)\n  - Data types▼\n    - [Int \\| UInt](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/int-uint)\n    - [Float32 \\| Float64 \\| BFloat16](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/float)\n    - [Decimal](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/decimal)\n    - [String](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/string)\n    - [FixedString(N)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/fixedstring)\n    - [Date](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/date)\n    - [Date32](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/date32)\n    - [Time](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/time)\n    - [DateTime](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/datetime)\n    - [Time64](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/time64)\n    - [DateTime64](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/datetime64)\n    - [Enum](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/enum)\n    - [UUID](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/uuid)\n    - [IPv4](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/ipv4)\n    - [IPv6](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/ipv6)\n    - [Array(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/array)\n    - [Boolean](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/boolean)\n    - [Tuple(T1, T2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/tuple)\n    - [Map(K, V)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/map)\n    - [Variant(T1, T2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/variant)\n    - [LowCardinality(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/lowcardinality)\n    - [Nullable(T)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/nullable)\n    - [AggregateFunction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction)\n    - [SimpleAggregateFunction](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/simpleaggregatefunction)\n    - [Geo](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/geo)\n    - Special Data Types▼\n    - [Data types binary encoding specification.](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/data-types-binary-encoding)\n    - [Domains](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/domains)\n    - [Nested(Name1 Type1, Name2 Type2, ...)](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/nested-data-structures\/nested)\n    - [Dynamic](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/dynamic)\n    - [JSON](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/newjson)\n    - [QBit](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/qbit)\n  - Statements▼\n  - Operators▼\n- Engines▼\n- Functions▼\n- Formats▼\n- [Data Lakes](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/datalakes)","attrs_readable_markdown":"## Description[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#description \"Direct link to Description\")\nAll [Aggregate functions](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions) in ClickHouse have an implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an `AggregateFunction` data type and stored in a table. This is usually done by means of a [materialized view](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/statements\/create\/view).\n\nThere are two aggregate function [combinators](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators) commonly used with the `AggregateFunction` type:\n\n- The [`-State`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate function name, produces `AggregateFunction` intermediate states.\n- The [`-Merge`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-merge) aggregate function combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation from the intermediate states.\n## Syntax[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#syntax \"Direct link to Syntax\")\n```\nAggregateFunction(aggregate_function_name, types_of_arguments...)\n```\n**Parameters**\n\n- `aggregate_function_name` - The name of an aggregate function. If the function is parametric, then its parameters should be specified too.\n- `types_of_arguments` - The types of the aggregate function arguments.\n\nfor example:\n```\nCREATE TABLE t\n(\n    column1 AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64),\n    column2 AggregateFunction(anyIf, String, UInt8),\n    column3 AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)\n) ENGINE = ...\n```\n## Usage[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage \"Direct link to Usage\")\n### Data Insertion[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-insertion \"Direct link to Data Insertion\")\nTo insert data into a table with columns of type `AggregateFunction`, you can use `INSERT SELECT` with aggregate functions and the [`-State`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator.\n\nFor example, to insert into columns of type `AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64)` and `AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)` you would use the following aggregate functions with combinators.\n```\nuniqState(UserID)\nquantilesState(0.5, 0.9)(SendTiming)\n```\nIn contrast to functions `uniq` and `quantiles`, `uniqState` and `quantilesState` (with `-State` combinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value. In other words, they return a value of `AggregateFunction` type.\n\nIn the results of the `SELECT` query, values of type `AggregateFunction` have implementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output formats.\n\nThere is a special Session level setting `aggregate_function_input_format` that allows to build state from the input values. It supports the following formats:\n\n- `state` - binary string with the serialized state (the default). If you dump data into, for example, the `TabSeparated` format with a `SELECT` query, then this dump can be loaded back using the `INSERT` query.\n- `value` - the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state\n- `array` - the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state\n### Data Selection[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#data-selection \"Direct link to Data Selection\")\nWhen selecting data from `AggregatingMergeTree` table, use the `GROUP BY` clause and the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the [`-Merge`](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-merge) combinator.\n\nAn aggregate function with the `-Merge` combinator appended to it takes a set of states, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation.\n\nFor example, the following two queries return the same result:\n```\nSELECT uniq(UserID) FROM table\n\nSELECT uniqMerge(state) FROM (SELECT uniqState(UserID) AS state FROM table GROUP BY RegionID)\n```\n## Usage Example[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#usage-example \"Direct link to Usage Example\")\nSee [AggregatingMergeTree](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/engines\/table-engines\/mergetree-family\/aggregatingmergetree) engine description.\n\n## Related Content[](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/data-types\/aggregatefunction#related-content \"Direct link to Related Content\")\n- Blog: [Using Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/blog\/aggregate-functions-combinators-in-clickhouse-for-arrays-maps-and-states)\n- [MergeState](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-mergestate) combinator.\n- [State](https:\/\/clickhouse.com\/docs\/sql-reference\/aggregate-functions\/combinators#-state) combinator.","meta_canonical":null}

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URL	https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction
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Meta Description	Documentation for the AggregateFunction data type in ClickHouse, which stores intermediate states of aggregate functions
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Boilerpipe Text	Description All Aggregate functions in ClickHouse have an implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an AggregateFunction data type and stored in a table. This is usually done by means of a materialized view . There are two aggregate function combinators commonly used with the AggregateFunction type: The -State aggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate function name, produces AggregateFunction intermediate states. The -Merge aggregate function combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation from the intermediate states. Syntax AggregateFunction ( aggregate_function_name , types_of_arguments . . . ) Parameters aggregate_function_name - The name of an aggregate function. If the function is parametric, then its parameters should be specified too. types_of_arguments - The types of the aggregate function arguments. for example: CREATE TABLE t ( column1 AggregateFunction ( uniq , UInt64 ) , column2 AggregateFunction ( anyIf , String , UInt8 ) , column3 AggregateFunction ( quantiles ( 0.5 , 0.9 ) , UInt64 ) ) ENGINE = . . . Usage Data Insertion To insert data into a table with columns of type AggregateFunction , you can use INSERT SELECT with aggregate functions and the -State aggregate function combinator. For example, to insert into columns of type AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64) and AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64) you would use the following aggregate functions with combinators. uniqState ( UserID ) quantilesState ( 0.5 , 0.9 ) ( SendTiming ) In contrast to functions uniq and quantiles , uniqState and quantilesState (with -State combinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value. In other words, they return a value of AggregateFunction type. In the results of the SELECT query, values of type AggregateFunction have implementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output formats. There is a special Session level setting aggregate_function_input_format that allows to build state from the input values. It supports the following formats: state - binary string with the serialized state (the default). If you dump data into, for example, the TabSeparated format with a SELECT query, then this dump can be loaded back using the INSERT query. value - the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state array - the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state Data Selection When selecting data from AggregatingMergeTree table, use the GROUP BY clause and the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the -Merge combinator. An aggregate function with the -Merge combinator appended to it takes a set of states, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation. For example, the following two queries return the same result: SELECT uniq ( UserID ) FROM table SELECT uniqMerge ( state ) FROM ( SELECT uniqState ( UserID ) AS state FROM table GROUP BY RegionID ) Usage Example See AggregatingMergeTree engine description. Related Content Blog: Using Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse MergeState combinator. State combinator.
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[Data Lakes](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/datalakes) - [Introduction](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference) - [Data types](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types) - AggregateFunction [Edit this page](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/tree/master/docs/en/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction.md) # AggregateFunction Type ## Description[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#description "Direct link to Description") All [Aggregate functions](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions) in ClickHouse have an implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an `AggregateFunction` data type and stored in a table. This is usually done by means of a [materialized view](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/statements/create/view). There are two aggregate function [combinators](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators) commonly used with the `AggregateFunction` type: - The [`-State`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate function name, produces `AggregateFunction` intermediate states. - The [`-Merge`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-merge) aggregate function combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation from the intermediate states. ## Syntax[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#syntax "Direct link to Syntax") ``` AggregateFunction(aggregate_function_name, types_of_arguments...) ``` Parameters - `aggregate_function_name` - The name of an aggregate function. If the function is parametric, then its parameters should be specified too. - `types_of_arguments` - The types of the aggregate function arguments. for example: ``` CREATE TABLE t ( column1 AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64), column2 AggregateFunction(anyIf, String, UInt8), column3 AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64) ) ENGINE = ... ``` ## Usage[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage "Direct link to Usage") ### Data Insertion[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-insertion "Direct link to Data Insertion") To insert data into a table with columns of type `AggregateFunction`, you can use `INSERT SELECT` with aggregate functions and the [`-State`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator. For example, to insert into columns of type `AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64)` and `AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)` you would use the following aggregate functions with combinators. ``` uniqState(UserID) quantilesState(0.5, 0.9)(SendTiming) ``` In contrast to functions `uniq` and `quantiles`, `uniqState` and `quantilesState` (with `-State` combinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value. In other words, they return a value of `AggregateFunction` type. In the results of the `SELECT` query, values of type `AggregateFunction` have implementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output formats. There is a special Session level setting `aggregate_function_input_format` that allows to build state from the input values. It supports the following formats: - `state` - binary string with the serialized state (the default). If you dump data into, for example, the `TabSeparated` format with a `SELECT` query, then this dump can be loaded back using the `INSERT` query. - `value` - the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state - `array` - the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state ### Data Selection[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-selection "Direct link to Data Selection") When selecting data from `AggregatingMergeTree` table, use the `GROUP BY` clause and the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the [`-Merge`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-merge) combinator. An aggregate function with the `-Merge` combinator appended to it takes a set of states, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation. For example, the following two queries return the same result: ``` SELECT uniq(UserID) FROM table SELECT uniqMerge(state) FROM (SELECT uniqState(UserID) AS state FROM table GROUP BY RegionID) ``` ## Usage Example[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage-example "Direct link to Usage Example") See [AggregatingMergeTree](https://clickhouse.com/docs/engines/table-engines/mergetree-family/aggregatingmergetree) engine description. ## Related Content[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#related-content "Direct link to Related Content") - Blog: [Using Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/blog/aggregate-functions-combinators-in-clickhouse-for-arrays-maps-and-states) - [MergeState](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-mergestate) combinator. - [State](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) combinator. [Previous Nullable(T)](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/nullable) [Next SimpleAggregateFunction](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/simpleaggregatefunction) - [Description](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#description) - [Syntax](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#syntax) - [Usage](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage) - [Data Insertion](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-insertion) - [Data Selection](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-selection) - [Usage Example](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage-example) - [Related Content](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#related-content) Was this page helpful? ###### Try ClickHouse Cloud for FREE Separation of storage and compute, automatic scaling, built-in SQL console, and lots more. \$300 in free credits when signing up. 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Readable Markdown	## Description[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#description "Direct link to Description") All [Aggregate functions](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions) in ClickHouse have an implementation-specific intermediate state that can be serialized to an `AggregateFunction` data type and stored in a table. This is usually done by means of a [materialized view](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/statements/create/view). There are two aggregate function [combinators](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators) commonly used with the `AggregateFunction` type: - The [`-State`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator, which when appended to an aggregate function name, produces `AggregateFunction` intermediate states. - The [`-Merge`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-merge) aggregate function combinator, which is used to get the final result of an aggregation from the intermediate states. ## Syntax[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#syntax "Direct link to Syntax") ``` AggregateFunction(aggregate_function_name, types_of_arguments...) ``` Parameters - `aggregate_function_name` - The name of an aggregate function. If the function is parametric, then its parameters should be specified too. - `types_of_arguments` - The types of the aggregate function arguments. for example: ``` CREATE TABLE t ( column1 AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64), column2 AggregateFunction(anyIf, String, UInt8), column3 AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64) ) ENGINE = ... ``` ## Usage[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage "Direct link to Usage") ### Data Insertion[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-insertion "Direct link to Data Insertion") To insert data into a table with columns of type `AggregateFunction`, you can use `INSERT SELECT` with aggregate functions and the [`-State`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) aggregate function combinator. For example, to insert into columns of type `AggregateFunction(uniq, UInt64)` and `AggregateFunction(quantiles(0.5, 0.9), UInt64)` you would use the following aggregate functions with combinators. ``` uniqState(UserID) quantilesState(0.5, 0.9)(SendTiming) ``` In contrast to functions `uniq` and `quantiles`, `uniqState` and `quantilesState` (with `-State` combinator appended) return the state, rather than the final value. In other words, they return a value of `AggregateFunction` type. In the results of the `SELECT` query, values of type `AggregateFunction` have implementation-specific binary representations for all of the ClickHouse output formats. There is a special Session level setting `aggregate_function_input_format` that allows to build state from the input values. It supports the following formats: - `state` - binary string with the serialized state (the default). If you dump data into, for example, the `TabSeparated` format with a `SELECT` query, then this dump can be loaded back using the `INSERT` query. - `value` - the format will expect a single value of the argument of the aggregate function, or in the case of multiple arguments, a tuple of them; that will be deserialized to form the relevant state - `array` - the format will expect an Array of values, as described in the values option above; all the elements of the array will be aggregated to form the state ### Data Selection[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#data-selection "Direct link to Data Selection") When selecting data from `AggregatingMergeTree` table, use the `GROUP BY` clause and the same aggregate functions as for when you inserted the data, but use the [`-Merge`](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-merge) combinator. An aggregate function with the `-Merge` combinator appended to it takes a set of states, combines them, and returns the result of the complete data aggregation. For example, the following two queries return the same result: ``` SELECT uniq(UserID) FROM table SELECT uniqMerge(state) FROM (SELECT uniqState(UserID) AS state FROM table GROUP BY RegionID) ``` ## Usage Example[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#usage-example "Direct link to Usage Example") See [AggregatingMergeTree](https://clickhouse.com/docs/engines/table-engines/mergetree-family/aggregatingmergetree) engine description. ## Related Content[](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/data-types/aggregatefunction#related-content "Direct link to Related Content") - Blog: [Using Aggregate Combinators in ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/blog/aggregate-functions-combinators-in-clickhouse-for-arrays-maps-and-states) - [MergeState](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-mergestate) combinator. - [State](https://clickhouse.com/docs/sql-reference/aggregate-functions/combinators#-state) combinator.
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